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USD ($)

USD ($) / shares
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Significant Accounting Policies &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company's Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP). The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. To facilitate comparison of information across periods, certain reclassifications have been made to prior year amounts to conform to the current year's presentation. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. While Management believes that the amounts included in the Consolidated Financial Statements reflect its best estimates and assumptions, actual results could differ from those estimates. The Company's principal estimates include: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:30.6px;"&gt;&amp;#8226;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Unpaid losses and loss expenses; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:30.6px;"&gt;&amp;#8226;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Policy benefits for life and annuity contracts; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:30.6px;"&gt;&amp;#8226; &amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Gross and net premiums written and net premiums earned; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:30.6px;"&gt;&amp;#8226;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Recoverability of deferred acquisition costs; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:30.6px;"&gt;&amp;#8226;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Recoverability of deferred tax assets; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:30.6px;"&gt;&amp;#8226;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Valuation of goodwill and intangible assets; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:30.6px;"&gt;&amp;#8226; &amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;&amp;#160;Valuation of certain assets and derivative financial instruments that are measured using significant unobservable inputs. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The following are the Company's significant accounting policies: &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(a) Premiums &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Gross premiums written and earned are based upon reports received from ceding companies, supplemented by the Company's own estimates of premiums written and earned for which ceding company reports have not been received. Differences between such estimates and actual amounts are recorded in the period in which the estimates are changed or the actual amounts are determined. Net premiums written and earned are presented net of ceded premiums, which represent the cost of retrocessional protection purchased by the Company. Premiums are earned on a basis that is consistent with the risks covered under the terms of the reinsurance contracts, which is generally one to two years. For U.S. and European wind and certain other risks, premiums are earned commensurate with the seasonality of the underlying exposure. Unearned premiums represent the portion of premiums written which is applicable to the unexpired risks under contracts in force. Premiums related to individual life and annuity business are recorded over the premium-paying period on the underlying policies. Premiums on annuity and universal life contracts for which there is no significant mortality or critical illness risk are accounted for in a manner consistent with accounting for interest-bearing financial instruments and are not reported as revenues, but rather as direct deposits to the contract. Amounts assessed against annuity and universal life policyholders are recognized as revenue in the period assessed. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(b) Losses and Loss Expenses and Life Policy Benefits &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses includes amounts determined from loss reports on individual treaties (case reserves), additional case reserves when the Company's loss estimate is higher than reported by the cedants (ACRs) and amounts for losses incurred but not yet reported to the Company (IBNR). Such reserves are estimated by Management based upon reports received from ceding companies, supplemented by the Company's own actuarial estimates of reserves for which ceding company reports have not been received, and based on the Company's own historical experience. To the extent that the Company's own historical experience is inadequate for estimating reserves, such estimates may be determined based upon industry experience and Management's judgment. The estimates are continually reviewed and the ultimate liability may be in excess of, or less than, the amounts provided. Any adjustments are reflected in the periods in which they are determined, which may affect the Company's operating results in future periods. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:7.5pt;margin-left:0px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The liabilities for policy benefits for ordinary life and accident and health policies have been established based upon information reported by ceding companies, supplemented by the Company's actuarial estimates of mortality, critical illness, persistency and future investment income, with appropriate provision to reflect uncertainty. Future policy benefit reserves for annuity and universal life contracts are carried at their accumulated values. Reserves for policy claims and benefits include both mortality and critical illness claims in the process of settlement, and claims that have been incurred but not yet reported. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company purchases retrocessional contracts to reduce its exposure to risk of losses on reinsurance assumed. Reinsurance recoverable on paid and unpaid losses involves actuarial estimates consistent with those used to establish the associated liabilities for unpaid losses and loss expenses and life policy benefits. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(c) Deferred Acquisition Costs &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Acquisition costs, primarily brokerage fees, commissions and excise taxes, which vary directly with, and are related to, the acquisition of reinsurance contracts, are capitalized and charged to expense as the related premium is earned. Anticipated losses and loss expenses, other costs and investment income related to these premiums are considered in determining the recoverability of deferred acquisition costs. Acquisition costs related to individual life and annuity contracts are deferred and amortized over the premium-paying periods in proportion to anticipated premium income, allowing for lapses, terminations and anticipated investment income. Acquisition costs related to universal life and single premium annuity contracts for which there is no significant mortality or critical illness risk are deferred and amortized over the lives of the contracts as a percentage of the estimated gross profits expected to be realized on the contracts. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(d) Funds Held by Reinsured Companies (Cedants) &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company writes certain business on a funds held basis. Under such contractual arrangements, the cedant retains the premiums that would have otherwise been paid to the Company and the Company earns interest on these funds. With the exception of those arrangements discussed below, the Company generally earns investment income on the funds held balances based upon a predetermined interest rate, either fixed contractually at the inception of the contract or based upon a recognized index (e.g., LIBOR). &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;In certain circumstances, the Company may receive an investment return based upon either the result of a pool of assets held by the cedant, generally used to collateralize the funds held balance, or the investment return earned by the cedant on its entire investment portfolio. This is most common in the Company's life reinsurance business. In these arrangements, gross investment returns are typically reflected in net investment income with a corresponding increase or decrease (net of a spread) being recorded as life policy benefits in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations. In these arrangements, the Company is exposed, to a limited extent, to the underlying credit risk of the pool of assets inasmuch as the underlying life policies may have guaranteed minimum returns. In such cases, an embedded derivative exists and its fair value is recorded by the Company as an increase or decrease to the funds held balance. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(e) Funds Held - Directly Managed &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company elected the fair value option as of the Acquisition Date for substantially all of the fixed maturities, short-term investments and certain other invested assets in the segregated investment portfolio underlying the funds held &amp;#8211; directly managed account, and accordingly, all changes in the fair value of the segregated investment portfolio underlying the funds held &amp;#8211; directly managed account subsequent to the Acquisition Date are recorded in net realized and unrealized investment gains and losses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:7.5pt;margin-left:0px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(f) Deposit Assets and Liabilities &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;In the normal course of its operations, the Company enters into certain contracts that do not meet the risk transfer provisions of U.S. GAAP. While these contracts do not meet risk transfer provisions for accounting purposes, there is a remote possibility that the Company will suffer a loss. The Company accounts for these contracts using the deposit accounting method, originally recording deposit liabilities for an amount equivalent to the consideration received. The consideration to be retained by the Company, irrespective of the experience of the contracts, is earned over the expected settlement period of the contracts, with any unearned portion recorded as a component of deposit liabilities. Actuarial studies are used to estimate the final liabilities under these contracts and the appropriate accretion rates to increase or decrease the liabilities over the term of the contracts. The change for the period is recorded in other income or loss in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Under some of these contracts, cedants retain the assets on a funds-held basis. In those cases, the Company records those assets as deposit assets and records the related income in net investment income in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(g) Investments &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Effective January 1, 2008, the Company elected the fair value option for all of its fixed maturities, short-term investments, equities and certain other invested assets (excluding those that are accounted for using the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;cost or &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;equity method&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;s&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; of accounting or investment company accounting). The Company defines fair value as the price received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company measures the fair value of financial instruments according to a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the information used to measure fair value into three broad levels. Following the election of the fair value option for an eligible item, changes in that item's fair value in subsequent reporting periods must be recognized in earnings. See &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;Note 3 for&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; additional information on fair value. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The election of the fair value option resulted in a cumulative effect adjustment of $106.0 million, net of taxes, which decreased accumulated other comprehensive income and increased opening retained earnings as of January&amp;#160;1, 2008. There was no impact on the Company's consolidated net income, shareholders' equity or its comprehensive income.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company elected the fair value option as of the Acquisition Date for all of Paris Re's fixed maturities&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; short-term investments and certain other invested assets.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Short-term investments comprise securities with a maturity greater than three months but less than one year from the date of purchase. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Other invested assets consist primarily of investments in non-publicly traded companies, private placement equity &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;and fixed maturity &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;investments, derivative financial instruments and other specialty asset classes. Entities in which the Company has an ownership of more than 20% and less than 50% of the voting shares, and limited partnerships in which the Company has more than a minor interest, are accounted for using the equity method. Other invested assets are recorded based on valuation techniques depending on the nature of the individual assets. The valuation techniques used by the Company are generally commensurate with standard valuation techniques for each asset class. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Net investment income includes interest and dividend income, amortization of premiums and discounts on fixed maturities and short-term investments and investment income on funds held&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; and funds held&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &amp;#8211; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;directly managed&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;, and is net of investment expenses and withholding taxes. Investment income is recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses on the disposal of investments are determined on a first-in, first-out basis. Investment purchases and sales are recorded on a trade-date basis. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(h) Cash and Cash Equivalents &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Cash equivalents are carried at fair value and include debt securities that, at purchase, have a maturity of three months or less. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(i) Business Combinations &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The FASB issued new accounting guidance related to business combinations and noncontrolling interests acquired after December&amp;#160;15, 2008. In April 2009, the FASB issued additional guidance related to accounting for assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination that arise from contingencies&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;T&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;he &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;Company adopted &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;this guidance &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;following the Company obtaining control of Paris Re on the Acquisition Date. The transaction was accounted for as an acquisition method business combination with the purchase price allocated to identifiable assets and liabilities, including certain intangible assets, based on their estimated fair value at the Acquisition Date. The fair value of noncontrolling interests was also recorded at fair value at the Acquisition Date. The estimates of fair values for assets and liabilities assumed were determined by management based on various market and income analyses and appraisals. All costs associated with the acquisition were expensed as incurred. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(j) Goodwill &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired of PartnerRe SA, Winterthur Re and Paris Re. The Company assesses the appropriateness of its valuation of goodwill on at least an annual basis. If, as a result of the assessment, the Company determines that the value of its goodwill is impaired, goodwill will be written down in the period in which the determination is made. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(k) Intangible Assets &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Intangible assets represent the fair value adjustments related to unpaid losses and loss expenses and unearned premiums, as well as the fair values of renewal rights and U.S. licenses all arising from the acquisition of Paris Re. Definite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives, generally ranging from two to eleven years. The Company recognizes the amortization of all intangible assets in the Consolidated Statement of Operations. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not subject to amortization. The carrying values of intangible assets are regularly reviewed for indicators of impairment. Impairment is recognized if the carrying value of the intangible assets is not recoverable from its undiscounted cash flows and is measured as the difference between the carrying value and the fair value. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(l) Income Taxes &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Certain subsidiaries and branches of the Company operate in jurisdictions where they are subject to taxation. Current and deferred income taxes are charged or credited to net income, or, in certain cases, to accumulated other comprehensive income, based upon enacted tax laws and rates applicable in the relevant jurisdiction in the period in which the tax becomes accruable or realizable. Deferred income taxes are provided for all temporary differences between the bases of assets and liabilities used in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and those used in the various jurisdictional tax returns. When Management's assessment indicates that it is more likely than not that deferred income tax assets will not be realized, a valuation allowance is recorded against the deferred tax assets. The Company recognizes a tax benefit relating to uncertain tax positions only where the position is more likely than not to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. A liability must be recognized for any tax benefit (along with any interest and penalty, if applicable) claimed in a tax return in excess of the amount allowed to be recognized in the financial statements under U.S. GAAP. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(m) Translation of Foreign Currencies &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The reporting currency of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The national currencies of the Company's subsidiaries and branches are generally their functional currencies, except for the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;Company's &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;Bermuda subsidiaries and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;i&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;ts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; Swiss subsidiaries and branch, whose functional currencies are the U.S. dollar. In translating the financial statements of those subsidiaries or branches whose functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar, assets and liabilities are converted into U.S. dollars using the rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet dates, and revenues and expenses are converted using the average foreign exchange rates for the period. The effect of translation adjustments are reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as currency translation adjustment, a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;In recording foreign currency transactions, revenue and expense items are converted into the functional currency at the average rates of exchange for the period. Assets and liabilities originating in currencies other than the functional currency are translated into the functional currency at the rates of exchange in effect at the balance sheet dates. The resulting foreign exchange gains or losses are included in net foreign exchange gains and losses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company also records realized and unrealized foreign exchange gains and losses on certain hedged items in net foreign exchange gains and losses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations (see &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;Note 2(n)).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:7.5pt;margin-left:0px;"&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:0pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(n) Derivatives &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;Derivatives Used in Hedging Activities &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company utilizes derivative financial instruments as part of its overall currency risk management strategy. The Company recognizes all derivative financial instruments, including embedded derivative instruments, as either assets or liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and measures those instruments at fair value. On the date the Company enters into a derivative contract, Management designates whether the derivative is to be used as a hedge of an identified underlying exposure (a designated hedge). The accounting for gains and losses associated with changes in the fair value of a derivative and the effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements depends on its hedge designation and whether the hedge is highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in the fair value of the asset or liability being hedged. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; derivatives employed by the Company to hedge currency exposure related to fixed income securities and derivatives employed by the Company to hedge currency exposure related to other reinsurance assets and liabilities, except for any hedges of the Company's net investment in non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries and branches, are no&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;t&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; designated as hedges. The changes in fair value of the non-designated hedges are recognized in net foreign exchange gains and losses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;As part of its overall strategy to manage its level of currency exposure, from time to time the Company uses forward foreign exchange derivatives to hedge or partially hedge the net investment in certain non-U.S. dollar functional currency subsidiaries and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;branches&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;The Company also uses from time to time &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;interest rate derivatives to mitigate exposure to interest rate volatility. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;These&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; derivatives have been designated as net investment hedges, and accordingly, the changes in fair value of the derivative and the hedged item related to foreign currency are recognized in currency translation adjustment in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company formally documents all relationships between designated hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. In this documentation, the Company specifically identifies the asset or liability that has been designated as a hedged item and states how the hedging instrument is expected to hedge the risks related to the hedged item. The Company formally measures effectiveness of its designated hedging relationships, both at the hedge inception and on an ongoing basis. The Company assesses the effectiveness of its designated hedges using the period-to-period dollar offset method on an individual currency basis. If the ratio obtained with this method is within the range of 80% to 125%, the Company considers the hedge effective. The time value component of the designated net investment hedges is included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company will discontinue hedge accounting prospectively if it is determined that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the fair value of a hedged item. To the extent that the Company discontinues hedge accounting related to its net investment in non-U.S. dollar functional currency of subsidiaries and branches, because, based on Management's assessment, the derivative no longer qualifies as an effective hedge, the derivative will continue to be carried in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at its fair value, with changes in its fair value recognized in net foreign exchange gains and losses. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;Other Derivatives &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company's investment strategy allows for the use of derivative instruments, subject to strict limitations. The Company utilizes various derivative instruments such as &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;foreign exchange forward contracts, foreign currency option contracts, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;futures contracts&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;credit default swaps, for the purpose of &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;managing overall currency risk,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;market exposures and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;portfolio duration&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; hedging certain investments&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;or enhancing investment performance that would be allowed under the Company's investment policy if implemented&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; in other ways. These instruments are recorded at fair value as assets and liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Changes in fair value are included in net realized and unrealized investment gains and losses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and changes in the fair value of foreign currency option contracts and foreign exchange forward contracts are included in net foreign exchange gains and losses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Margin balances required by counterparties, which are equal to a percentage of the total value of open futures contracts, are included in cash and cash equivalents. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company has entered into weather &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;and longevity &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;related transactions that are structured as derivatives&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;, which &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;are recorded at fair value with the changes in fair value reported in net realized and unrealized investment gains and losses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company has entered into total return and interest rate swaps. Margins related to these swaps are included in other income or loss in the Consolidated Statements of Operations and any changes in the fair value of the swaps are included in net realized and unrealized investment gains and losses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(o) Treasury Shares &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Common shares repurchased by the Company and not cancelled are classified as treasury shares, and are recorded at cost. This results in a reduction of shareholders' equity in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. When shares are reissued from treasury, the Company uses the average cost method to determine the cost of the reissued shares. Gains on sales of treasury shares are credited to additional paid-in capital, while losses are charged to additional paid-in capital to the extent that previous net gains from sales of treasury shares are included therein, otherwise losses are charged to retained earnings. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(p) Net Income per Common Share &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Diluted net income per common share is defined as net income available to common shareholders divided by the weighted average number of common &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;shares &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;and common share equivalents outstanding, calculated using the treasury stock method for all potentially dilutive securities. Net income available to common shareholders is defined as net income less preferred share dividends. When the effect of dilutive securities would be anti-dilutive, these securities are excluded from the calculation of diluted net income per share. Basic net income per share is defined as net income available to common shareholders divided by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, giving no effect to dilutive securities. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(r) Share-Based Compensation &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company currently uses five types of share-based compensation: share options, restricted shares (RS), restricted share units (RSUs), share-settled share appreciation rights (SSARs) and shares issued under the Company's employee share purchase plans. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;majority of the Company's share-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;based &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;compensation &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;awards qualify for equity classification&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;. The fair value of the compensation cost is measured at the grant date and is expensed over the period for which the employee is required to provide services in exchange for the award. Forfeiture benefits are estimated at the time of grant and incorporated in the determination of share-based compensation costs. Awards granted to employees who are eligible for retirement and do not have to provide additional services are expensed at the date of grant.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Those &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;share&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;-based compensation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;awards that do not meet the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;equity classification &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;criteria&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;,&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; are &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;classified as liability awards. Liability-&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;classified &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;awards are recorded &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;at fair value in the Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;in the Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;s&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; with changes in fair value&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; relating to the vested portion of the award&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; recorde&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;d&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; in the Consolidated Statement&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;s&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; of Operations&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(s) Pensions &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company&amp;#160;recognizes an asset or a liability in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for the funded status of its defined benefit plans that are overfunded or underfunded, respectively, measured as the difference between the fair value of plan assets and the pension obligation and&amp;#160;recognizes changes in the funded status of defined benefit plans in the year in which the changes occur as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(t) Variable Interest Entities &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:22.5px;"&gt;The Company is involved in the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;normal course of business with variable interest entities (VIEs) as a passive investor in&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; certain limited partnerships, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;fixed maturity investments and asset-backed securities, that are issued by third party VIEs. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;Prior to January 1, 2010, under then effective guidance, the Company performed a quantitative assessment upon initial involvement in a VIE to determine whether it was the primary beneficiary of, and required to consolidate, the VIE. Subsequent to January 1, 2010, in accordance with revised guidance, the Company performs a qualitative assessment at the date when it becomes initially involved in the VIE followed by&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;ongoing reassessments related to its involvement in VIEs. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;The Company's maximum exposure to loss with respect to these investments is limited to the investment carrying amounts reported in the Company's Consolidated&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; Balance Sheets and any unfunded commitments.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:22.5px;"&gt;The Company also has three indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries, PartnerRe Finance A LLC, PartnerRe Finance B LLC and PartnerRe Finance II Inc., that are considered to be VIEs, which were utilized to issue the Company's Senior Notes and Capital Efficient Notes&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; (CENts)&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;. The Company determined that it was not the primary beneficiary of any of these VIEs as of December&amp;#160;31, 2010. As a result, the Company has not consolidated PartnerRe Finance A LLC, PartnerRe Finance B LLC and PartnerRe Finance II Inc., and has reflected the debt issued by the Company related to the Senior Notes and CENts as liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets (see &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;Note 11). The&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; interest on the debt related to the Senior Notes and CENts is reported as interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(u) Segment Reporting &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;The Company monitors the performance of its operations in three segments, Non-life, Life and Corporate&amp;#160;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;and&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; Other. The Non-life segment is further divided into four sub-segments: North America, Global (Non-U.S.) Property and Casualty (Global (Non-U.S.) P&amp;amp;C), Global (Non-U.S.) Specialty and Catastrophe. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;Segments and sub-segments represent markets that are reasonably homogeneous in terms of geography, client types, buying patterns, underlying risk patterns or approach to risk management. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.5px;"&gt;During the fourth quarter of 2010, the Company redefined its financial reporting segments following the completion of its integration of Paris Re into its other Non-life sub-segments and changes in management responsibilities for certain lines of business and treaties. As a result, segment data for prior periods has been recast to conform to the current year presentation (see &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;Note 22).&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:13.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;font-weight:bold;font-style:italic;margin-left:0px;"&gt;(v) Recent Accounting Pronouncements &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:23.85px;"&gt;In January 2010, the FASB issued new accounting guidance which requires the Company to disclose additional information about its fair value measurements at a greater level of disaggregation&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; related to &lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt;Level 3 activity, which will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December&amp;#160;15, 2010. &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:9pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;margin-left:24.3px;"&gt;In October 2010, the FASB issued new accounting guidance clarifying that only acquisition costs related directly to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts may be capitalized. Those acquisition costs that may be capitalized include incremental direct costs, such as commissions, and a portion of salaries and benefits of certain employees who are involved in underwriting and policy issuance, that are directly related to time spent on an acquired contract. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December&amp;#160;15, 2011, with early adoption permitted at the beginning of an entity's annual reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance on its consolidated shareholders' equity or net income.&lt;/font&gt;&lt;font style="font-family:Times New Roman;font-size:10pt;"&gt; &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style='margin-top:4.5pt; margin-bottom:0pt'&gt;&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;</NonNumbericText><NonNumericTextHeader>2. 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