The Company. Deckers Outdoor Corporation and its wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the Company) is a global leader in designing, marketing, and distributing innovative footwear, apparel, and accessories developed for both everyday casual lifestyles use and high-performance activities. As part of its omni-channel platform, the Company’s proprietary brands are aligned across its fashion lifestyle groups, including the UGG® (UGG) and Koolaburra by UGG® brand (Koolaburra) brands, and performance lifestyle group, including the HOKA® (HOKA), Teva® (Teva), and Sanuk® (Sanuk) brands.

The Company sells its products through domestic and international retailers, international distributors, and directly to its global consumers through its Direct-to-Consumer (DTC) business, which is comprised of its retail stores and e‑commerce websites. Independent third-party contractors manufacture all of the Company’s products. A significant part of the UGG brand’s business has historically been seasonal, requiring the Company to build inventory levels during certain quarters in its fiscal year to support higher selling seasons, which has contributed to the variation in its results from quarter to quarter. However, as the Company continues to take steps to diversify and expand its product offerings by creating more year-round styles, and as net sales of the HOKA brand continue to increase as a percentage of the Company’s aggregate net sales, the Company expects the impact from seasonality to continue to decrease over time.

Basis of Presentation. The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto (referred to herein as consolidated financial statements) as of March 31, 2023, and 2022 and for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 (referred to herein as “year ended” or “years ended”, or as “fiscal year 2023,” “fiscal year 2022,” and “fiscal year 2021,” respectively) are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (US GAAP).

Use of Estimates. The preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements in accordance with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. Management bases these estimates and assumptions upon historical experience, existing and known circumstances, authoritative accounting pronouncements and other factors that management believes to be reasonable. In addition, the Company has considered macroeconomic factors, including inflation, foreign currency exchange rate volatility, changes in interest rates, changes in commodity pricing, and recessionary concerns, on its business and operations. Although the full impact of these factors are unknown and cannot be reasonably estimated, the Company believes it has made appropriate accounting estimates and assumptions based on the facts and circumstances available as of the reporting date. However, actual results could differ materially from these estimates and assumptions, which may result in material effects on the Company's financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity. To the extent there are differences between these estimates and actual results, the Company’s consolidated financial statements may be materially affected.

Significant areas requiring the use of management estimates and assumptions relate to inventory write-downs; trade accounts receivable allowances, including variable consideration for net sales provided to customers, including the sales return asset and liability; contract assets and liabilities; stock-based compensation; impairment assessments, including goodwill, other intangible assets, and long-lived assets; depreciation and amortization; income tax receivables and liabilities; uncertain tax positions; the fair value of financial instruments; the reasonably certain lease term; lease classification; and the Company's incremental borrowing rate (IBR) utilized to measure its operating lease assets and lease liabilities.

Foreign Currency Translation. The Company considers the United States (US) dollar as its functional currency. The Company’s wholly owned foreign subsidiaries have various assets and liabilities, primarily cash, receivables, and payables, which are denominated in currencies other than their functional currency. The Company remeasures these monetary assets and liabilities using the exchange rate at the end of the reporting period, which results in

gains and losses that are recorded in selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income as incurred. In addition, the Company translates assets and liabilities of subsidiaries with reporting currencies other than US dollars into US dollars using the exchange rates at the end of the reporting period, which results in financial statement translation gains and losses recorded in other comprehensive income or loss (OCI).

Reportable Operating Segments. The Company’s six reportable operating segments include the worldwide wholesale operations of the UGG brand, HOKA brand, Teva brand, Sanuk brand, and Other brands, as well as DTC (collectively, the Company’s reportable operating segments). Refer to Note 12, "Reportable Operating Segments," for further information on the Company’s reportable operating segments.

Standard

Description

Impact Upon Adoption

ASU No. 2020-04,

Reference Rate Reform: Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting

(as amended by ASUs 2021-01 and 2022-06)

London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) is a benchmark interest rate referenced in a variety of agreements that are used by all types of entities. At the end of calendar year 2021, banks will no longer be required to report information that is used to determine LIBOR. As a result, LIBOR could be discontinued. Other interest rates used globally could also be discontinued for similar reasons.

This ASU provides companies with optional guidance to ease the potential accounting burden associated with transitioning away from reference rates that are expected to be discontinued. Guidance is limited for adoption through December 31, 2022; however, this was deferred to December 31, 2024, to provide relief and allow flexibility until the cessation of USD LIBOR.

While the sunset date was deferred with a recent amendment to this ASU, the Company elected to adopt this ASU as of January 1, 2023.

The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of this ASU on its revolving credit facilities, lease agreements, cash flow hedges and other relevant agreements; however, the adoption did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

During December 2022, the Company entered into a new credit agreement with Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) interest terms and the previous credit agreement with LIBOR interest terms was terminated. Refer to Note 6, "Revolving Credit Facilities," for further information on the Company's Revolving Credit Facilities.

Standard

Description

Planned Period of Adoption

Expected Impact on Adoption

ASU 2022-04 - Supplier Finance Program (SFP)

The ASU requires that a buyer in an SFP disclose qualitative and quantitative information about its program, including the nature and potential magnitude. Interim and annual requirements include disclosure of outstanding amounts under the SFP. Annual requirements include an activity roll forward of outstanding amounts under the SFP.

This ASU is effective on a retrospective basis for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, and interim periods within those fiscal years, except for the disclosure of roll forward information, which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023. Early adoption is permitted, except for the disclosure of roll forward information.

Q1 FY 2024
and
Q1 FY 2025

The Company currently has an SFP program with a third-party financial institution that allows certain participating suppliers to finance payment obligations of the Company, prior to their scheduled due dates, at a discounted price to the third-party financial institution. The Company evaluated this ASU and its implications on the presentation of its SFP program on its consolidated balance sheets and determined no reclassification on adoption in Q1 FY 2024 is required from trade accounts payable to short-term debt as the payment terms under the SFP program are less than 90 days.

The Company is continuing to evaluate the impact of this ASU for the new disclosure requirements.

Standard

Description

Planned Period of Adoption

Expected Impact on Adoption

ASU 2023-01 - Common Control Arrangements

A lessee is generally required to amortize leasehold improvements over the shorter of the useful life or the lease term. The ASU amends the amortization period for leasehold improvements in common control lease arrangements to the useful life of the common control group, as long as the lessee continues to control the use of the underlying asset throughout the lease term.

This ASU is effective on a retrospective basis for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted.

Q1 FY 2025

The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this ASU on the Company.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits, and all highly liquid investments, such as money-market funds, with an original maturity of three months or less. The carrying value of money-market funds approximates the fair value as it is considered a highly liquid investment when purchased. Money-market funds are recorded in cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 4, "Fair Value Measurements," for further information on the fair value of money-market funds. Refer to Note 13, "Concentration of Business," for further information on credit risks in cash.

Allowances for Doubtful Accounts. The Company provides an allowance against trade accounts receivable for estimated losses that may result from customers’ inability to pay. The Company determines the amount of the allowance by analyzing known uncollectible accounts, aged trade accounts receivable, economic conditions and forecasts, historical experience, and the customers’ creditworthiness. Trade accounts receivable that are subsequently determined to be uncollectible are charged or written off against this allowance. The allowance includes specific allowances for trade accounts, for which all or a portion are identified as potentially uncollectible based on known or anticipated losses. Additions to the allowance represent bad debt expense estimates which are recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Inventories. Inventories, which are principally comprised of finished goods on hand and in transit, are stated at the lower of cost (weighted average) or net realizable value at each financial statement date. Cost includes sourcing as well as inventory procurement costs, including freight, duty, and handling fees which are subsequently expensed to cost of sales. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs to sell. The Company regularly reviews inventory for excess, obsolete, and impaired inventory to evaluate write-downs to the lower of cost or realizable value.

Cloud Computing Arrangements. The Company enters into various cloud computing arrangements (CCAs) that are governed by service contracts (hosting arrangements) to support operations. Application development stage implementation costs (implementation costs) of a hosting arrangement are deferred and recorded to prepaid expenses and other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. Implementation costs are expensed on a straight-line basis and recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income over the term of the hosting arrangement, including reasonably certain renewals, which are generally one to three years.

As of March 31, 2023, net capitalized costs for CCAs are $5,161, with $1,880 recorded in prepaid expenses and $3,281 recorded in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. As of March 31, 2022, net capitalized costs for CCAs are $2,402, with $1,429 recorded in prepaid expenses and $973 recorded in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The increase in net capitalized costs for CCAs during the year ended March 31, 2023, are primarily due to gross additions of $4,909.

Property and Equipment, Depreciation and Amortization. Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization, and generally have a useful life of at least one year. Property and equipment include tangible, non-consumable items owned by the Company. Software implementation costs are capitalized if they are incurred during the application development stage and relate to costs to obtain computer software from third parties, including related consulting expenses, or costs incurred to modify existing software that results in additional upgrades or enhancements that provide additional functionality.

Depreciation of property and equipment is calculated using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful life. Leasehold improvements are amortized to their residual value, if any, on the straight-line basis over their estimated economic useful lives or the lease term, whichever is shorter. Changes in the estimate of the useful life of an asset may occur after an asset is placed in service. For example, this may occur as a result of the Company incurring costs that prolong the useful life of an asset, which would be recorded as an adjustment to depreciation over the revised remaining useful life. Depreciation and amortization are recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.


		As of March 31,
	Useful life (years)	2023		2022
Land	Indefinite	$	32,864	$	32,864
Building	39.5	36,191		36,112
Machinery and equipment	1-10	187,754		177,397
Furniture and fixtures	3-7	39,538		35,600
Computer software	3-10	115,349		104,114
Leasehold improvements	1-11	118,351		108,526
Construction in progress		54,140		10,407
Gross property and equipment		584,187		505,020
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		(317,508)		(282,571)
Total		$	266,679	$	222,449

Operating Lease Assets and Lease Liabilities. The Company determines if an arrangement contains a lease at inception of a contract. The Company recognizes operating lease assets and lease liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets on the lease commencement date, based on the present value of the outstanding lease payments over the reasonably certain lease term. The lease term includes the non-cancelable period at the lease commencement date, plus any additional period covered by the Company's option to extend (or not to terminate) the lease that is reasonably certain to be exercised, or an option to extend (or not to terminate) a lease that is controlled by the lessor.

Operating lease assets are initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the associated lease liabilities, adjusted for lease payments made at or before the lease commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred, less any lease incentives, such as tenant allowances. Operating lease assets are subsequently measured throughout the lease term at the carrying amount of the associated lease liabilities, plus initial direct costs, plus or minus any prepaid or accrued lease payments, less the unamortized balance of lease incentives received. Operating lease assets and lease liabilities are presented separately in the consolidated balance sheets on a discounted basis. The current portion of operating lease liabilities is presented within current liabilities, while the long-term portion is presented separately as long-term operating lease liabilities. Refer to Note 7, "Commitments and Contingencies," for further information on the discount rate methodology used to measure operating lease assets and lease liabilities.

Rent expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term and recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Lease payments recorded in the operating lease liabilities (1) are fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments and fixed rate increases, owed over the lease term and (2) exclude any lease prepayments as of the periods presented. Refer to Note 7, "Commitments and Contingencies," for further information on the nature of variable lease payments and the timing of recognition of rent expense.

The Company has elected not to recognize operating lease assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases, which are defined as those operating leases with a term of 12 months or less. Instead, lease payments for short-term leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term in rent expense and recorded as a component of SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The Company monitors for events that require a change in estimates for its operating lease assets and lease liabilities, such as modifications to the terms of the contract, including the lease term, economic events that may trigger a contractual term contingency, such as minimum lease payments or termination rights, and related changes in discount rates used to measure the operating lease assets and lease liabilities, as well as events or circumstances that result in lease abandonment or operating lease asset impairments. When a change in estimates results in the remeasurement of the operating lease liabilities, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the operating lease assets. The operating lease assets are remeasured and amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining lease term, with no impact on the related operating lease liabilities. Refer to the paragraph titled “Definite-Lived Intangible and Other Long-Lived Assets” below for further information on the Company’s accounting policy for evaluating the carrying amount of its operating lease assets and related leasehold improvements for indicators of impairment.

Asset Retirement Obligations. The Company is contractually obligated under certain of its lease agreements to restore certain retail, office, and warehouse facilities back to their original conditions. At lease inception, the present value of the estimated fair value of these liabilities is recorded along with the related asset. The liability is estimated based on assumptions requiring management’s judgment, including facility closing costs and discount rates, and is accreted to its projected future value over the life of the asset.


	Amounts
Balance, March 31, 2021	$	12,983
Additions and changes in estimate	4,622
Liabilities settled during the period	(898)
Accretion expenses	327
Foreign currency translation gains	(232)
Balance, March 31, 2022	16,802
Additions and changes in estimate	9,724
Liabilities settled during the period	(2,284)
Accretion expenses	513
Foreign currency translation gains	(199)
Balance, March 31, 2023	$	24,556

Goodwill and Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets. Goodwill is initially recorded as the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired in a business combination. Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist primarily of trademarks, customer and distributor relationships, patents, lease rights and non-compete agreements arising from the application of purchase accounting.

Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but are instead tested for impairment annually, or when an event occurs or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. The Company evaluates the goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level for the UGG and HOKA brands wholesale reportable operating segments annually as of December 31st of each year and evaluates the Teva brand indefinite-lived trademarks for impairment annually as of October 31st of each year.

The Company first assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative assessment of goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets. In general, conditions that may indicate impairment include, but are not limited to the following: (1) a significant adverse change in customer demand or business climate that could affect the value of an asset; (2) change in market share, budget-to-actual performance, and consistency of operating margins and capital expenditures; (3) changes in management or key personnel; or (4) changes in general economic conditions. The Company does not calculate the fair value of the assets unless the Company determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. If the Company concludes that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount, then the Company prepares a quantitative assessment.

The quantitative assessment requires an analysis of several best estimates and assumptions, including future sales and results of operations, discount rates, and other factors that could affect fair value or otherwise indicate potential impairment. The goodwill impairment assessment involves valuing the Company’s various reporting units that carry goodwill, which are currently the same as the Company’s reportable operating segments. This includes considering the reporting units’ projected ability to generate income from operations and positive cash flow in future periods, as well as perceived changes in customer demand and acceptance of products, or other factors impacting the industry. Upon completion of the quantitative assessment, the Company compares the fair value of the asset to its carrying amount, and if the fair value exceeds its carrying amount, no impairment charge is recognized. If the fair value is less than its carrying amount, the Company will record an impairment charge to write down the asset to its fair value. Refer to Note 3, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," for further information on the Company’s goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets and annual impairment assessment results.

Definite-Lived Intangible and Other Long-Lived Assets. Definite-lived intangible and other long-lived assets, which include definite-lived trademarks, machinery and equipment, internal-use software, operating lease assets and related leasehold improvements are amortized to their estimated residual values, if any, on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life and reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset group may not be recoverable. Amortization or depreciation are recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

At least quarterly, the Company evaluates factors that would necessitate an impairment assessment, which include a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which an asset group is used, a significant adverse change in legal factors or the business climate that could affect the value of the asset group or a significant decline in the observable market value of the asset group, among others. When an impairment-triggering event has occurred, the Company tests for recoverability of the asset group’s carrying value using estimates of undiscounted future cash flows based on the existing service potential of the applicable asset group. In determining the service potential of a long-lived asset group, the Company considers its remaining useful life, cash-flow generating capacity, and physical output capacity. These estimates include the undiscounted future cash flows associated with future expenditures necessary to maintain the existing service potential. These assets are grouped with other assets and liabilities at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities.

Recoverability of definite-lived intangible and other long-lived assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset group. If the carrying amount of the asset group exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value of the asset group, which is based on either discounted future cash flows or appraised values. An impairment loss, if any, would only reduce the carrying amount of the long-lived assets in the asset group based on its fair value limitation and is allocated to individual assets in the asset group, unless doing so would reduce the carrying amount of a long-lived asset in the asset group to an amount less than zero. Impairment charges are recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

During the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the Company recorded impairment charges of $2,817, $3,186, and $14,084, within its DTC reportable operating segment in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income for retail store-related operating lease and other long-lived assets. These impairment charges were due to the underperformance of certain retail stores that resulted in the carrying value exceeding the estimated fair value, which is determined based on an estimate of the future discounted cash flows. Refer to Note 3, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets," for further information on the Company’s definite-lived intangible asset impairment assessment results.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities. The Company may use derivative instruments to partially offset its business exposure to foreign currency risk on expected cash flows and certain existing assets and liabilities, primarily intercompany balances. To reduce the volatility in earnings from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, the Company may hedge a portion of forecasted sales denominated in foreign currencies. The Company enters into foreign currency forward or option contracts (derivative contracts), generally with maturities of 15 months or less, to manage this risk and certain of these derivative contracts are designated as cash flow hedges of forecasted sales (Designated Derivative Contracts). The Company may also enter into derivative contracts that are not designated as cash flow hedges (Non-Designated Derivative Contracts), to offset a portion of anticipated gains and losses on certain intercompany balances until the expected time of repayment. The Company does not use derivative contracts for trading purposes.

The notional amounts of outstanding Designated and Non-Designated Derivative Contracts are recorded at fair value measured using Level 2 fair value inputs, consisting of forward spot rates at the end of the applicable periods from counterparties, which are corroborated by market-based pricing, and are recorded in other current assets or other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheets. The after-tax unrealized gains or losses from changes in fair value of Designated Derivative Contracts are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss (AOCL) and are reclassified to net sales in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income in the same period or periods as the related sales are recognized. When it is probable that a forecasted transaction will not occur, the Company discontinues hedge accounting and the accumulated gains or losses in AOCL related to the hedging relationship are immediately recorded in OCI in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The Company includes all hedge components in its assessment of effectiveness for its derivative contracts.

Changes in the fair value of Non-Designated Derivative Contracts are recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The changes in fair value for these contracts are generally offset by the remeasurement gains or losses associated with the underlying foreign currency-denominated intercompany balances, which are recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The Company generally enters into over-the-counter derivative contracts with high-credit-quality counterparties, and therefore, considers the risk that counterparties fail to perform according to the terms of the contract as low. The Company factors the nonperformance risk of the counterparties into the fair value measurements of its derivative contracts. Refer to Note 9, "Derivative Instruments," for further information on the impact of derivative instruments and hedging activities.

Stock Repurchase Program. Repurchased shares of the Company’s common stock are retired. The par value of repurchased shares is deducted from common stock and the excess repurchase price over par value as well as the portion due for excise taxes, is allocated to retained earnings in the consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 10, "Stockholders' Equity," for further information on the Company’s stock repurchase program.

Revenue Recognition. Revenue is recognized when a performance obligation is completed at a point in time and when the customer has obtained control. Control passes to the customer when they have the ability to direct the use of and obtain substantially all the remaining benefits from the goods transferred. The amount of revenue recognized is based on the transaction price, which represents the invoiced amount less known actual amounts or estimates of variable consideration. The Company recognizes revenue and measures the transaction price net of taxes, including sales taxes, use taxes, value-added taxes, and some types of excise taxes, collected from customers and remitted to governmental authorities. The Company presents revenue gross of fees and sales commissions. Sales commissions are expensed as incurred and are recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The Company's customer contracts do not have a significant financing component due to their short durations, which are typically effective for one year or less and have payment terms that are generally 30 to 60 days.

Wholesale and international distributor revenue are recognized either when products are shipped or when delivered, depending on the applicable contract terms. Retail store and e-commerce revenue transactions are recognized at the point of sale and upon shipment, respectively. Shipping and handling costs paid to third-party shipping companies are recorded as cost of sales in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Shipping and handling costs are a fulfillment service, and, for certain wholesale and all e-commerce transactions, revenue is recognized when the customer is deemed to obtain control upon the date of shipment. Refer to Note 2, "Revenue Recognition," for further information regarding the Company’s components of variable consideration.

Cost of Sales. Cost of sales for the Company’s goods are for finished goods, which includes purchase costs as well as related overhead. Overhead includes certain costs for planning, purchasing, quality control, freight, and duties. Purchase costs includes allocation of initial molds and tooling cost that are amortized based on minimum contractual quantities of related product and recorded in cost of sales when the product is sold in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Purchase costs exclude depreciation and amortization costs of leasehold improvements, equipment and other assets in the Company’s retail locations, outlets, and distribution centers (DCs), as well as warehousing and distribution and sourcing costs, as these are collectively expensed as incurred and are recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Advertising, Marketing, and Promotion Expenses. Advertising, marketing, and promotion expenses include media advertising (television, radio, print, social, digital), tactical advertising (signs, banners, point-of-sale materials) and other promotional costs, and amounted to $271,140, $255,881, and $188,345 for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Advertising costs are expensed the first time the advertisement is run or communicated. All other costs of advertising, marketing, and promotion are expensed as incurred. Included in prepaid expenses as of March 31, 2023, and 2022 are $4,930 and $2,759, respectively, related to prepaid advertising, marketing, and promotion expenses for programs expected to take place after such dates.

Stock-Based Compensation. All of the Company’s stock-based compensation is classified within stockholders’ equity. Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is expensed ratably over the service period. The Company recognizes expense only for those awards for which management deems achievement of the performance criteria and service conditions to be probable. Determining the fair value and related expense of stock-based compensation requires judgment, including estimating the percentage of awards that will be forfeited and probabilities of meeting the awards’ performance criteria, as well as the Company’s reliance on the closing price of its stock on the New York Stock Exchange at or near the time of

grant. If actual forfeitures differ significantly from the estimates or if probabilities change during a period, stock-based compensation expense and the Company’s results of operations could be materially impacted. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Refer to Note 8, "Stock-Based Compensation," for further information on grant activity and additional disclosure related to stock-based compensation.

Retirement Plan. The Company provides a 401(k) defined contribution plan that eligible US employees may elect to participate in through tax-deferred contributions or other deferrals. The Company matches 50% of each eligible participant’s deferrals on up to 6% of eligible compensation. Internationally, the Company has various defined contribution plans. Certain international locations require mandatory contributions under social programs, and the Company contributes at least the statutory minimums. US 401(k) matching contributions totaled $4,433, $3,953, and $3,339 during the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, and were recorded in SG&A expenses in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. In addition, the Company may also make discretionary profit-sharing contributions to the plan. However, there were no Company profit-sharing contributions for the years ended March 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

Non-qualified Deferred Compensation. In 2010, the Company began sponsoring an unfunded, non-qualified deferred compensation plan (NQDC Plan) that permits certain members of its management team the opportunity to defer compensation into the NQDC Plan. The NQDC Plan year is from January 1st to December 31st. Participants may defer up to 50% of their annual base salary and up to 85% of any cash incentive bonus under the NQDC Plan. The Company holds all its non-qualified deferred compensation plan investments in mutual funds. In March 2015, the Board of Directors approved a Company contribution feature to allow the option, but not the obligation, for the Company to make discretionary or matching cash contributions to NQDC Plan participants.

As of March 31, 2023, and 2022, no material payments are made or pending under the plan. Deferred compensation is recognized based on the fair value of the participants’ accounts. A rabbi trust was established as a reserve for benefits payable under this plan, with the assets invested in Company-owned life insurance policies. Refer to Note 4, "Fair Value Measurements," for further information on the fair value of deferred compensation assets and liabilities.

Self-Insurance. The Company is self-insured for a significant portion of its employee medical, including pharmacy, and dental liability exposures. Liabilities for self-insured exposures are accrued for the amounts expected to be paid based on historical claims experience and actuarial data for forecasted settlements of claims filed and for incurred but not yet reported claims. Accruals for self-insured exposures are included in current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Excess liability insurance has been purchased to limit the amount of self-insured risk on claims.

Income Taxes. Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to net operating loss carryforwards and temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income during the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred taxes of a change in tax rates is recorded in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company recognizes the effect of income tax positions in the consolidated financial statements only if those positions are more likely than not to be sustained upon examination. Recognized income tax positions are measured at the largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon settlement. Changes in recognition or measurement are recorded in the period in which the change in judgment occurs. The Company records interest and penalties accrued for income tax contingencies as interest expense in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Refer to Note 5, "Income Taxes," for further information on tax impacts and components of tax balances in the consolidated financial statements.

Comprehensive Income. Comprehensive income or loss is the total of net earnings and all other non-owner changes in equity. Comprehensive income or loss includes net income or loss, foreign currency translation adjustments, and unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges. Refer to Note 10, "Stockholders' Equity," for further information on components of OCI.

Net Income per Share. Basic net income or loss per share represents net income or loss divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income or loss per share represents net income or loss divided by the weighted-average number of shares outstanding, including the dilutive impact of potential issuances of common stock. Refer to Note 11, "Basic and Diluted Shares," for a reconciliation of basic to diluted weighted-average common shares outstanding.