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Investment Securities
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investment Securities Investment Securities
The following tables summarize the Company’s portfolio of debt securities available for sale and equity investments with readily determinable fair values:
December 31, 2024
(in millions)
Amortized Cost (1)
Gross Unrealized GainGross Unrealized LossFair Value
Debt securities available-for-sale
Mortgage-Related Debt Securities:
GSE certificates$1,273 $— $167 $1,106 
GSE CMOs
7,724 27 447 7,304 
Private label collateralized mortgage obligations
158 6 1 163 
Total mortgage-related debt securities$9,155 $33 $615 $8,573 
Other Debt Securities:
GSE debentures$1,502 $— $299 $1,203 
Asset-backed securities (2)
237 1 2 236 
Municipal bonds5 — — 5 
Corporate bonds314 — 6 308 
Foreign notes35 — — 35 
Capital trust notes47 5 10 42 
Total other debt securities$2,140 $6 $317 $1,829 
Total debt securities available for sale$11,295 $39 $932 $10,402 
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values:
Mutual funds$16 $— $2 $14 
Total equity securities with readily determinable fair values
$16 $— $2 $14 
Total securities, net of allowance for credit losses
$11,311 $39 $934 $10,416 
(1)The amortized cost of investment securities is reported net of an allowance for credit losses of $3 million.
(2)The underlying assets of the asset-backed securities are substantially guaranteed by the U.S. Government.
(3)Excludes accrued interest receivable of $35 million included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.

December 31, 2023
(in millions)
Amortized Cost (1)
Gross Unrealized GainGross Unrealized LossFair Value
Debt securities available-for-sale
Mortgage-Related Debt Securities:
GSE certificates$1,366 $1 $146 $1,221 
GSE CMOs
5,495 48 381 5,162 
Private label collateralized mortgage obligations
174 7 1 180 
Total mortgage-related debt securities$7,035 $56 $528 $6,563 
Other Debt Securities:
U. S. Treasury obligations$198 $— $— $198 
GSE debentures1,899 1 291 1,609 
Asset-backed securities (2)
307 — 5 302 
Municipal bonds6 — — 6 
Corporate bonds365 — 22 343 
Foreign Notes35 — 1 34 
Capital trust notes97 5 12 90 
Total other debt securities$2,907 $6 $331 $2,582 
Total other securities available for sale$9,942 $62 $859 $9,145 
Equity securities with readily determinable fair values:
Mutual funds$16 $— $2 $14 
Total equity securities with readily determinable fair values
$16 $— $2 $14 
Total securities, net of allowance for credit losses
$9,958 $62 $861 $9,159 
(1)The underlying assets of the asset-backed securities are substantially guaranteed by the U.S. Government.
(2)Excludes accrued interest receivable of $38 million included in other assets in the Consolidated Statements of Condition.
Gross realized gains and gross realized losses on sales of available-for-sale securities were less than $1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. During the year ended December 31, 2023, gross realized gains were $2 million and gross realized losses were $3 million.

There were no unrealized losses on equity securities recognized in earnings for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. For the year ended December 31, 2022, there was $2 million of unrealized losses on equity securities recognized in earnings.

The following table summarizes, by contractual maturity, the amortized cost of securities at December 31, 2024:

Mortgage- Related SecuritiesU.S. Government and GSE ObligationsState, County, and Municipal
Other Debt Securities (1)
Fair Value
(in millions)
Available-for-Sale Debt Securities:
Due within one year$81 $— $— $50 $130 
Due from one to five years113 — 5 222 334 
Due from five to ten years290 1,502 — 84 1,535 
Due after ten years8,671 — — 277 8,403 
Total debt securities available for sale$9,155 $1,502 $5 $633 $10,402 
(1)Includes corporate bonds, capital trust notes, foreign notes, and asset-backed securities.

The following table presents securities having a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and for twelve months or longer as of December 31, 2024:

Less than Twelve MonthsTwelve Months or LongerTotal
(in millions)Fair ValueUnrealized LossFair ValueUnrealized LossFair ValueUnrealized Loss
Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position:
U.S. Government agency and GSE obligations$— $— $1,203 $299 $1,203 $299 
GSE certificates38 — 1,040 167 1,078 167 
Private Label collateralized mortgage obligations — — 17 1 17 1 
GSE collateralized mortgage obligations1,636 3 2,822 444 4,458 447 
Asset-backed securities — — 154 2 154 2 
Municipal bonds— — 5 — 5 — 
Corporate bonds— — 308 6 308 6 
Foreign notes — — 10 — 10 — 
Capital trust notes — — 33 10 33 10 
Equity securities — — 14 2 14 2 
Total securities in a continuous unrealized loss position$1,674 $3 $5,606 $931 $7,280 $934 
The following table presents securities having a continuous unrealized loss position for less than twelve months and for twelve months or longer as of December 31, 2023:

Less than Twelve MonthsTwelve Months or LongerTotal
(in millions)Fair ValueUnrealized LossFair ValueUnrealized LossFair ValueUnrealized Loss
Securities in a continuous unrealized loss position:
U.S. Government agency and GSE obligations$181 $1 $1,362 $290 $1,543 $291 
GSE certificates312 5 843 141 1,155 146 
Private Label collateralized mortgage obligations
29 1 — — 29 1 
GSE collateralized mortgage obligations
1,835 77 1,312 304 3,147 381 
Asset-backed securities
— — 228 5 228 5 
Municipal bonds
— — 6 — 6 — 
Corporate bonds
— — 343 22 343 22 
Foreign notes
— — 9 1 9 1 
Capital trust notes
— — 81 12 81 12 
Equity securities
— — 14 2 14 2 
Total securities in a continuous unrealized loss position
$2,357 $84 $4,198 $777 $6,555 $861 

The investment securities having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more at December 31, 2024 consisted of two hundred twenty-three agency collateralized mortgage obligations, five capital trusts notes, five asset-backed securities, eleven corporate bonds, thirty-three US government agency bonds, three hundred twenty-eight mortgage-backed securities, one mutual fund, one foreign debt, and one municipal bond. The investment securities designated as having a continuous loss position for twelve months or more at December 31, 2023 consisted of eighty-four agency collateralized mortgage obligations, six capital trusts notes, eight asset-backed securities, twelve corporate bonds, thirty-seven US government agency bonds, three hundred two mortgage-backed securities, one mutual fund, one foreign debt and one municipal bond.

The Company evaluates available-for-sale debt securities in unrealized loss positions at least quarterly to determine if an allowance for credit losses is required. We also assess whether (i) we intend to sell, or (ii) it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If either of these criteria is met, any previously recognized allowances are charged off and the security’s amortized cost basis is written down to fair value through income. If neither of these criteria are met, we evaluate whether the decline in fair value has resulted from credit losses or other factors. If this assessment indicates that a credit loss exists, the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the security are compared to the amortized cost basis of the security. If the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is less than the amortized cost basis, a credit loss exists and an allowance for credit losses is recorded for the credit loss, limited by the amount that the fair value is less than the amortized cost basis. Any impairment that has not been recorded through an allowance for credit losses is recognized in other comprehensive income.

None of the remaining unrealized losses identified as of December 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023 relate to the marketability of the securities or the issuers’ ability to honor redemption obligations. Rather, the unrealized losses relate to changes in interest rates relative to when the investment securities were purchased, and do not indicate credit-related impairment. The Company does not intend to sell, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell, the positions before the recovery of their amortized cost basis, which may be at maturity.

The Company also holds shares of FHLB-NY stock and FHLB-Indianapolis stock, which are carried at cost, and evaluated for impairment:
December 31,
(dollars in millions)20242023
FHLB-Indianapolis
$329 $328 
FHLB-NY
598861
Federal Reserve Bank Stock
219203