As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 13, 2023

Registration No. 333-255059

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, DC 20549

POST-EFFECTIVE

AMENDMENT NO. 4

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

Midland National Life Insurance Company

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Iowa	6311	46-0164570
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

8300 Mills Civic Parkway

West Des Moines, Iowa 50266-1071

(877) 586-0240

(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

Brett L. Agnew Midland National Life Insurance Company 8300 Mills Civic Parkway West Des Moines, Iowa (515) 327-5890	Copy to: Dodie Kent Eversheds Sutherland 1114 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10036 (212) 389-5080
(Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent for Service)

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: Continuously on and after the effective date of this registration statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.  ☒

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act.  ☐

The registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

LiveWell Dynamic Annuity Prospectus

November 13, 2023

A Flexible Premium Deferred Registered Index Linked and Variable Annuity

issued by: Midland National Life Insurance Company

through the Midland National Life Separate Account C

This prospectus describes the LiveWell Dynamic Annuity (the “Contract”) issued by Midland National Life Insurance Company (the “Company,” “us,” “we,” “our”). This prospectus provides information you should know before purchasing the Contract.

The Contract is designed to aid in long-term financial planning and provides for accumulation of capital on a tax-deferred basis for retirement or other savings needs. The Contract does not provide tax deferral benefits beyond those already provided under the Internal Revenue Code for a Contract purchased as a Qualified Contract through an Individual Retirement Account (“IRA”). Amounts withdrawn from the Contract prior to age 59 ¹⁄₂ may also be subject to taxes, including a 10% federal penalty tax. You should consult with your tax advisor for more information.

The Contract offers two types of investment options: (i) Cycle Investments, which are linked to the performance of the Index; and (ii) Subaccounts (“Subaccount(s)”), which, in turn, each invest in a mutual fund portfolio (“Investment Portfolio”).

• Each Cycle Investment provides a return based on the performance, positive or negative, of the Index to which it is linked for specified period of time (the “Cycle Term”). All of the Indices we currently offer are price return indices which do not reflect dividends or distributions paid on the components of the Indices. Any positive return will be subject to either a Cap Rate or a Participation Rate (the “Crediting Type”). A Cap Rate is the maximum positive return that you could be credited on the last day of the Cycle Term (the “Cycle End Date”). A Participation Rate is the portion of positive Index performance, if any, that you will be credited on the Cycle End Date, and your potential increase is not subject to a maximum. Any negative return will be subject to a certain level of downside protection in the form of either a Floor Rate or Buffer Rate (the “Cycle Structure”). A Floor Rate is the maximum loss that you will bear on the Cycle End Date. A Buffer Rate is the maximum Index loss that the Company will protect you from on the Cycle End Date, and you will be subject to any Index loss in excess of the Buffer Rate. See “The Cycle Investment Options” section for the Cycle Investments we currently offer.

The value of your Cycle Investment on any day is calculated by multiplying the Cycle Investment Unit Value for that day by the number of Cycle Investment Units credited to your Contract (“Cycle Investment Value”). The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value on any Cycle Start Date is $10.00, and we determine the number of Cycle Investment Units initially credited to your Contract by dividing your initial Cycle Investment by the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value. On each Business Day, other than the Cycle Start Date and Cycle End Date, an independent third party (the “Fair Value Calculation Agent”) determines the Fair Value for each Cycle Investment based on the economic value of hypothetical financial instruments designed to equal the Cycle Investment value at maturity. We calculate the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply). If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that

the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. Your Cycle Investment Value, less any surrender charges, if applicable, is the amount available for withdrawals prior to the Cycle End Date, including Free Withdrawal Amounts, Systematic Withdrawals, Required Minimum Distributions, transfers to the Subaccounts, full or partial surrenders of your contract (including exercising your right to cancel the contract), payment of a death benefit or annuitization. You should seek advice from financial and/or tax professionals before investing in the Cycle Investments.

• Your Accumulation Value in each Subaccount will increase or decrease based on investment performance of the underlying Investment Portfolio. This means that a Subaccount’s Accumulation Unit Value is not based on a Fair Value calculation, unlike a Cycle Investment Unit Value prior to the Cycle End Date.

You should also note that Index-linked annuity contracts are complex insurance and investment vehicles, and before you purchase the Contract, you should carefully read this prospectus and speak with your financial professional about the Contract’s features, benefits, risks, and fees, and whether the Contract is appropriate for you based upon your financial situation and objective. You should also consult with a tax professional.

There are risks associated with investing in the Cycle Investments. You may lose money, up to all or a significant amount of your principal investment and earnings from prior Cycle Investment periods that are reinvested, and this loss could be greater due to the imposition of withdrawal charges. Prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value is based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For all Cycle Investments, this means on any day prior to the Cycle End Date if you make a withdrawal, surrender or annuitize the Contract, or if a death benefit becomes payable, your Cycle Investment Value could reflect lower gains and higher losses than on the Cycle End Date and you could lose up to 100% of your principal investment and any earnings. On the Cycle End Date, the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do apply, and you could lose up to 10% of your investment in a Cycle Investment with a -10% Floor Rate or up to 90% of your investment in a Cycle Investment with a -10% Buffer Rate.

We reserve the right to remove or substitute the Cycle Investments currently available and to add new Cycle Investment options in the future. If we do so, we guarantee that we will never offer a Cycle Investment with a Floor Rate lower than -60% or a Buffer Rate lower than -2.5% for the life of your Contract. In such cases, if you invest in a Cycle Investment with a Floor Rate Cycle Structure and hold your investment through the end of the Cycle Term, you could lose up to 60% of your investment in the Cycle Investment; and if you invest in a Cycle Investment with a Buffer Rate Cycle Structure and hold your investment through the end of the Cycle Term, you could lose up to 97.5% of your investment in the Cycle Investment. In addition, we reserve the right not to offer any Cycle Investments in the future. If we do so, you will be limited to investing in the Subaccounts, which are not tied to the performance of an Index. This Contract may not be appropriate for you if you intend to invest solely in the Index-linked Cycle Investments and intend or need to make withdrawals prior to the Cycle End Dates.

This Contract may not be appropriate for you if you intend to invest solely in the Index-linked Cycle Investments and intend or need to make withdrawals prior to the Cycle End Dates. There are also risks associated with investing in the Subaccounts, including the risk of loss of up to all or a significant amount of your principal investment and any

earnings. You should not buy this Contract if you are not willing to assume these investment risks. The obligations under the Contract other than those related to the Subaccounts are subject to the creditworthiness and claims-paying ability of the Company. See RISK FACTORS on page 18 of this prospectus.

If you are a new investor in the Contract, you may cancel your Contract within 10 days of receiving it without paying fees or penalties. In some states, this cancellation period may be longer. Upon cancellation, you will receive either a full refund of the amount you paid with your application or your total Contract Value. You should review this prospectus, or consult with your investment professional, for additional information about the specific cancellation terms that apply. See “Right to Cancel” in this prospectus for more detail.

The Contract described in this Prospectus:

• Is not a bank deposit;

• Is not an obligation or guarantee of a bank or credit union;

• Is not insured or guaranteed by the FDIC or a government agency;

• Is subject to loss of principal.

NEITHER THE SEC NOR ANY STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION HAS APPROVED OR DISAPPROVED OF THESE SECURITIES OR DETERMINED IF THIS PROSPECTUS IS ACCURATE OR COMPLETE. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.

Additional Information about certain investment products, including variable annuities, has been prepared by the Securities and Exchange Commission’s staff and is available at Investor.gov.

The principal underwriter of the Contract is Sammons Financial Network, LLC. The offering of the Contract is intended to be continuous. This prospectus does not constitute an offering in any jurisdiction in which such offer may not be lawfully made.

The minimum initial premium payment is $25,000.

Prospectus Date: November 13, 2023

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DEFINITIONS	1
IMPORTANT INFORMATION YOU SHOULD CONSIDER ABOUT THE CONTRACT	6
OVERVIEW OF THE MIDLAND LIVE WELL DYNAMIC ANNUITY	11
SUMMARY QUESTIONS RELATED TO THE CYCLE INVESTMENTS	13
FEE TABLE	16
PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE CONTRACT	18
Risks of Investing in the Cycle Investments	19
Risk of Loss	19
Liquidity Risk	19
Changes to the Cycle Investments	20
Limited Participation in Positive Performance	20
Cap Rates and Participation Rates	20
Cycle Investment Unit Value Based Upon Fair Value During Cycle Term	21
Risk Associated with Indices	22
No Rights in the Securities Underlying the Index	23
Replacement of the Index	23
Risks of Investing in the Subacounts	24
Other General Risks of Investing in the Contract	24
THE LIVE WELL DYNAMIC ANNUITY CONTRACT	26
Purchasing the Contract	27
Right to Cancel	27
Tax-free Section  1035 Exchanges	28
Additional Premium Payments	28
Allocation of Premium Payments	29
Changing Your Premium Payment Allocation Instructions	29
The Cycle Investment Options	30
Features of a Cycle Investment	30
Investing in the Cycle Investments	33
Cycle Investment Value	36
Cycle Investment Unit Value Calculation for Cycle Investments with a Floor Rate and a Cap Rate	36
Cycle Investment Unit Value Calculation for Cycle Investments with a Buffer Rate and a Cap Rate	42
Cycle Investment Unit Value Calculation for Cycle Investments with a Buffer Rate and a Participation Rate	46
Transfers out of a Cycle Investment	47
Withdrawals from Cycle Investments	47
Cycle End Date Payments; Rollovers	49
Additional Information About the Indices	49
Replacement of the Index	50
Valuation of A Cycle Investment	51
Cycle Investment Unit	51
Cycle Investment Unit Value	52
The Subaccount Investment Options	53
Availability of the Investment Portfolios	54
Your Accumulation Value (Contract Value allocated to the Subaccounts)	54
Accumulation Units	55
Transfers of Accumulation Value	55
Transfer Limitations	56
Processing Surrenders and Partial Withdrawals – Cycle Investment  & Subaccounts	58
Benefits Under the Contract	59
Systematic Withdrawals	61

Dollar Cost Averaging (DCA)	62
Portfolio Rebalancing	63
Death Benefit	64
Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider	66
CHARGES, FEES AND DEDUCTIONS	68
Transaction Expenses	68
Annual Contract Expenses	70
Investment Portfolio Charges	70
Optional Benefit Rider Charges	70
State Premium Taxes	71
Other Taxes	71
MATURITY DATE	71
Electing an Income Payment Option	71
Fixed Payment Options	72
Income Payment Options	72
FEDERAL TAX STATUS	73
Annuity Contracts in General	73
Qualified and Non-Qualified Contracts	73
Minimum Distribution Rules and Eligible Rollover Distributions	74
Diversification and Distribution Requirements	74
Owner Control	74
Surrenders and Partial Withdrawals	75
Multiple Contracts	75
Withholding	75
Annuity Payments	75
Partial Annuitization	76
Investment Income Surtax	76
Definition of Spouse under Federal Law	76
Annuity Contracts Purchased by Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Corporations	76
Taxation of Death Benefit Proceeds	76
Transfers, Assignments or Exchange of Contracts	77
Possible Tax Law Changes	77
Federal Estate, Gift and Generation-Skipping Transfer Taxes	77
Annuity Purchases by Residents of Puerto Rico	77
Foreign Tax Credits	77
MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY	78
INFORMATION ABOUT MIDLAND NATIONAL	78
Generally	78
Midland National’s Business	78
Competition	79
Financial strength ratings	79
Risk Factors Related to Midland National and Its Business	80
Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	99
Executive Officers and Directors	99
Executive Compensation	102
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management	107
Transactions with Related Persons Promoters and Certain Control Persons (amounts in $1,000’s)	109
EXPERTS	112
FINANCIAL INFORMATION	113
OTHER INFORMATION	258
The Registered Separate Account	258
The Non-Registered Separate Account	259
Modification to the Contract	259
Administrative Procedures	260

Legal Proceedings	260
Distribution of the Contract	261
Portfolio Voting Rights	262
APPENDIX A – INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS AVAILABLE UNDER THE CONTRACT	A-1
APPENDIX B – STATE VARIATIONS	B-1
APPENDIX C – CYCLE INVESTMENT UNIT VALUE EXAMPLES	B-4
APPENDIX D – INDEX DISCLAIMERS	B-15
APPENDIX E – FAIR VALUE FORMULAS	B-18

DEFINITIONS

For your convenience, below is a glossary of the special terms we use in this prospectus. These terms are generally capitalized throughout this document.

Accumulation Unit means the units credited to each Subaccount in the Registered Separate Account before the Maturity Date.

Accumulation Unit Value means the value of an Accumulation Unit of a Subaccount for a Valuation Period.

Accumulation Value means the sum of the amounts you have in the Subaccounts.

Annuitant means the person(s) whose life is used to determine the amount and duration of any annuity payments involving life contingencies. The Annuitant may not be changed during the Annuitant’s lifetime. If you elect the Joint and Survivor Income Payment option, the duration of any annuity payment will depend on the life of the Annuitant and the Joint Annuitant.

Annuitization means an election of an annuity payment option.

Annuitize means an election to receive regular income payments from your Contract under one of the annuity payment options. An election to annuitize your Contract is irrevocable. If you elect to annuitize your Contract, you will no longer be able to exercise any liquidity (e.g., withdrawal or surrender) provision that may have previously been available.

Beneficiary means the person or persons to whom a Death Benefit will be paid in the event of the death of the Owner.

Buffer Rate means the rate used to determine the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer as described in “Valuation of a Cycle Investment—On the Cycle End Date” later in this Prospectus. It represents the maximum loss due to negative Index performance from which the Owner is protected on a Cycle End Date. The Buffer Rate does not apply before the Cycle End Date.

Business Day means any day the New York Stock Exchange is open for regular trading. Our Business Day ends when the New York Stock Exchange closes for regular trading, generally 3:00 p.m. Central Time.

Cap Rate means the rate used to determine the Cycle Investment’s Unit Value Cap. It represents the maximum potential increase in the Cycle Investment Unit Value for a Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date.

Contract Anniversary means the same date in each Contract year as the Issue Date.

Contract Month means a month that starts on the same date as the Issue Date in each month. For this purpose, if the Issue Date is not a calendar date in every month, then we look forward to the first day of the next calendar month. For example, assume a Contract is issued on January 31st; subsequent Contract months will begin on the first day of each month (February 1, March 31, April 1, May 31, etc.).

Contract Quarter means a three-month period that starts on the same date as the Issue Date in each three-month period. For this purpose, if the Issue Date is not a calendar date in every month, then we look forward to the first day of the next calendar month. For example, assume a Contract is issued on January 31st; Contract quarters will begin on the first day of each quarter (May 1, July 31, and October 31).

Contract Value means the sum of amounts invested in the Cycle Investments and the Subaccounts, plus any amounts in the Default Account.

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Contract Year means a year that starts on the Issue Date or on each Contract anniversary thereafter.

Crediting Type means the upside investment exposure type associated with a Cycle Investment. We offer two upside investment exposure types: (i) the Cap Rate, and (ii) the Participation Rate.

Customer Service Center means where you must send correspondence, service or transaction requests, and inquiries. Please note: Premium payments must be sent to P.O. Box 9261, Des Moines, IA 50306-9261. The overnight mailing address is Midland National, 8300 Mills Civic Parkway, West Des Moines, IA 50266-3833. This should only be used for mail delivered via a courier.

Cycle Business Day means any Business Day on which the Cycle Investment Unit Value for a Cycle Investment is determined.

Cycle End Date means the Cycle Business Day on which a Cycle Investment is scheduled to end. Any Cycle End Date will be the Business Day prior to the 3rd Thursday of each month, provided the 3rd Thursday is a Business Day. If the 3rd Thursday of the month is not a Business Day, the following Business Day will be used.

Cycle Investment means an index-linked investment under the Contract that has a specific Index, Cycle Term, Cycle Start Date, Cycle End Date, Cycle Structure (i.e., Floor Rate or Buffer Rate) and Crediting Type (i.e., Cap Rate or Participation Rate).

Cycle Investment Unit means the measurement we use to calculate a Cycle Investment Value. Units may only be purchased on the Cycle Start Date.

Cycle Investment Unit Value means the value of a Cycle Investment Unit on a Cycle Investment Business Day. The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value on any Cycle Start Date is $10.00. Prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value is determined by the Fair Value, and the Floor and Buffer rates do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate.

Cycle Investment Value means the sum of the amounts you have invested in the Cycle Investments. The value of a Cycle Investment on any Cycle Business Day is equal to the number of Cycle Investment Units multiplied by that day’s Cycle Investment Unit Value. We also use this term, in context, to define the amount you have invested in a single Cycle Investment.

Cycle Start Date means the Business Day on which a Cycle Investment is established. Any Cycle Start Date will be the 3rd Thursday of each month, provided the 3rd Thursday is a Business Day. If the 3rd Thursday of the month is not a Business Day, the following Business Day will be used.

Cycle Structure means the downside protection type associated with a Cycle Investment. We offer two downside protection types: (i) The Floor Rate, and (ii) the Buffer Rate.

Cycle Term, for any Cycle Investment, means the period from the Cycle Start Date to the Cycle End Date.

Cycle Type means all Cycle Investments having the same Index, Cycle Term, Cycle Structure, and Crediting Type.

Death Benefit means the amount that we will pay to the Beneficiary in the event of the death of the Owner if the Contract is still in force and in the Accumulation phase. The amount of the Death Benefit will be determined as of the Business Day that our Customer Service Center receives the required documentation in Good Order.

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Default Account means the Fidelity VIP Government Money Mkt Svc 2 Money Market Subaccount, which is used to hold the following: (i) premium payments designated for a new Cycle Investment(s) upon allocation to the Contract, (ii) transfers of Contract Value designated for a new Cycle Investment(s) as of one Business Day prior to the Cycle Start Date, (iii) proceeds from a maturing Cycle Investment(s) before they are reinvested into a new Cycle Investment, and (iv) proceeds from a maturing Cycle Investment for a discontinued Cycle Investment which we have no instructions or for which the Cycle Investment does not launch.

Fair Value means a value used to determine the Cycle Investment Unit Value on each Business Day during the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date. It is the Fair Value of the Cycle based on the current value of the financial instruments used to calculate the Cycle payout on the Cycle End Date as determined by the independent third party Fair Value Calculation Agent.

Fair Value Calculation Agent means an independent third party with whom the Company contracts to determine the Fair Value of a Cycle Investment during the Cycle Term. Currently, the Fair Value Calculation Agent is S&P Global Market Intelligence. We may use different Fair Value Calculation Agents for different Cycle Investments.

Floor Rate means the rate used to determine the Cycle End Date Unit Value Floor as described in “Valuation of a Cycle Investment —On the Cycle End Date” later in this Prospectus. It represents the maximum potential loss in Cycle Investment Unit Value for a Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date. The Floor Rate does not apply before the Cycle End Date.

Free Withdrawal Amount means the amount available for withdrawal without incurring a Surrender Charge. During the first Contract Year, the Free Withdrawal Amount is equal to the RMD, if applicable. Beginning the second Contract Year, the Free Withdrawal Amount equals the Remaining Premium payments six years or older (i.e., no longer subject to surrender charges) plus 10% of the Remaining Premium payments less than six years old (i.e., subject to surrender charges) at the beginning of the Contract year, or RMD, if greater. For this purpose, premium payments are considered to have been withdrawn in the order in which they were received (i.e., first in, first out).

General Account means assets we own that are not in a separate account, but rather are held as part of our general assets and are subject to claims of our general creditors.

Good Order means all of the information necessary to process a transaction, as we determine in our discretion. Transaction requests will generally be processed on the Business Day they are received at the Customer Service Center as long as the request is in Good Order. For more detailed information see “Administrative Procedures.”

Index means the index to which a Cycle Investment is linked.

Index Value means the value of the Index as reported to us by the Index provider.

Indicative Rates means the rates we post and update on our website every Tuesday before any Cycle Start Date. They are the Cap Rate(s) or Participation Rate(s) we would declare if that day was a Cycle Start Date, based on then current market conditions.

Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value means the Cycle Investment Unit Value on any Cycle Start Date. The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value is set as $10.00 for each Cycle on the Cycle Start Date.

Investment Options means the investments available under the Contract, which are: (i) the Cycle Investments, each of which is linked to the performance of a specified Index; and (ii) the Subaccounts, which are each a division of our registered Separate Account, each of which, in turn, invests exclusively in one share class of one Investment Portfolio.

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Investment Portfolio means a mutual fund portfolio in which a Subaccount invests.

Issue Age means the age of the Owner on the last birthday before the Issue Date. In the case of Joint Owners, Issue Age is based on the age of the oldest Joint Owner.

Issue Date means the date the Contract goes into effect.

Maturity Date means either the date, specified in your Contract, on which income payments will begin, or an earlier date that you specify. The earliest possible Maturity Date is the first Contract anniversary, at which time you may annuitize your full Contract Value. The maximum Maturity Date is the Contract anniversary immediately following the Annuitant’s 115^th birthday.

Non-Registered Separate Account means the separate account under the Contract that holds amounts allocated to the Cycle Investments. The Non-Registered Separate Account is non-unitized, was established under Iowa law and is not registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

Owner means the person(s) or entity that is named in the application or on the latest change filed with us who is entitled to exercise all rights and privileges provided in the Contract.

Participation Rate means the rate used to determine the Cycle Investment’s Unit Value gain. It represents the portion of positive Index performance, if any, for a Cycle Investment that your Cycle Investment Unit Value will participate in on the Cycle End Date for Cycles with a Participation Rate Crediting Type.

Payee means the person who is entitled to receive annuity payments after Annuitization. On or after the Maturity Date, the Owner will be the Payee. The Beneficiary is the Payee of the proceeds at the death of the Owner, if the date of death is prior to the Maturity Date.

Principal Office means Midland National Life Insurance Company’s principal place of business located at 8300 Mills Civic Parkway, West Des Moines, IA 50266. Please note: You must send all correspondence, service or transaction requests, inquiries, and premium payments to our Customer Service Center.

Proof of Death means a certified copy of the death certificate or any other proof satisfactory to us.

Proportional Cap Rate means the proportion of the Cap Rate used to determine the maximum potential increase in a Cycle Investment Unit Value before the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. The Proportional Cap Rate is equal to the Cap Rate multiplied by the number of days lapsed during the Cycle Term divided by the number of days in the Cycle Term. The Proportional Cap Rate does not apply if the Cap Rate is unlimited.

Rate Threshold means the minimum Cap Rate we will declare for any Cycle Type with a Cap Rate Crediting Type or the minimum Participation Rate we will declare for any Cycle Type with a Participation Rate Crediting Type. Each Cycle Type will have a specific Rate Threshold. A Cycle Investment will not be launched on a scheduled Start Date if the resulting Cycle Cap Rate or Cycle Participation Rate is lower than its Rate Threshold.

Remaining Premium means the premium payments made less any partial withdrawals previously taken and less any surrender charges previously deducted as a result of such partial withdrawals on a dollar-for-dollar basis.

Registered Separate Account means Midland National Life Separate Account C, which receives and invests your premiums that are allocated to, and Contract Value that is transferred to, the Subaccounts. Our Registered Separate Account is divided into Subaccounts. Separate Account C is registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

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Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider means the optional Return of Premium Death Benefit available for an additional charge, which pays your beneficiary the greater of (i) your Contract Value or (ii) your total premium payments, adjusted for withdrawals. For more detailed information, see “Death Benefit.”

Subaccount means a division of our Registered Separate Account which invests exclusively in one share class of one Investment Portfolio. We may use this term interchangeably with the term “Investment Division.”

Surrender Value means the Contract Value on the date of surrender less any applicable surrender charge and state premium tax. This may also be referred to as Cash Surrender Value.

Unit Value Cap means the maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value at any time during the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023. The Unit Value Cap is the Initial Unit Value times (1 + Proportional Cap Rate). Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 are no subject to a Proportional Cap Rate and, therefore, do not have a Unit Value Cap.

Valuation Period means the time beginning at the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (generally 3:00 p.m., Central Time) on one Business Day and ending at the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange on the next Business Day. Midland National reserves the right to revise the definition of Valuation Period as needed in accordance with applicable federal securities laws and regulations.

Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider means the optional Waiver of Surrender Charge benefit available for an additional charge, which increases your Free Withdrawal Amount to 100% of your Contract Value. For more detailed information, see “Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider.”

Written Notice or Written Request means a notice or request submitted in a written form satisfactory to us, which is signed by the Owner and received by us in Good Order at our Customer Service Center, P.O. Box 9261, Des Moines, IA 50306-9261, or via fax (866) 511-7038. The overnight mailing address is Midland National Customer Service Center, 8300 Mills Civic Parkway, West Des Moines, IA 50266-3833.

5

IMPORTANT INFORMATION YOU SHOULD CONSIDER ABOUT THE CONTRACT

FEES AND EXPENSES							LOCATION IN PROSPECTUS
Charges for Early Withdrawals	If you withdraw money from your Contract within six years following your last premium payment, you may be assessed a Surrender Charge of up to 8% of the premium payment being partially or fully withdrawn. For example, if you make an early withdrawal, you could pay a withdrawal charge of up to $8,000 on a $100,000 withdrawal. If you withdraw money from a Cycle Investment Option prior to the Cycle End Date, you will receive the Cycle Investment Unit Value. We calculate the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. This means you can lose up to 100% of your principal invested in a Cycle Investment upon withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate.						Charges and Fees – Surrender Charge The Cycle Investment Options - Examples
Transaction Charges	In addition to the charges for early withdrawals, we reserve the right to impose a Transfer Fee of $15.00 per transfer on transfers among Subaccounts and between Subaccounts and Cycle Investments in excess of 15 per Contract Year. We are not currently charging this fee. We will never charge for any transfers of initial or additional premium payments that included allocation instructions to Cycle Investment Options for the next Cycle Start Date.						Expenses – Transfer Fee
Ongoing Fees and Expenses (annual charges)	The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay each year, if you allocate premiums and/or your Contract Value to the Subaccounts, depending on the Investment Portfolios that you choose. Please refer to your Contract specifications page for information about the specific fees you will pay each year based on the options you elected.						Expenses
	Annual Fee	Minimum		Maximum
	Base Contract Expenses1		1.15%		1.15%
	Investment Portfolios2 (Portfolio Company fees and expenses)		0.48%		1.06%
	Optional benefits available for an additional charge3 (for a single optional benefit, if elected)		0.20%		0.30%
	1  As a percentage of the Accumulation Value. These fees are not applied against the Cycle Investment Value. 2  As a percentage of Investment Portfolio assets. These fees are not applied against the Cycle Investment Value. 3  As a percentage of the Contract Value. These fees are applied pro-rata against all Investment Options, including the Cycle Investment Value and amounts held in the Default Account.

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FEES AND EXPENSES		LOCATION IN PROSPECTUS
	Because your Contract is customizable, the choices you make affect how much you will pay. To help you understand the cost of owning your Contract, the following table shows the lowest and highest cost you could pay each year, based on current charges. This estimate assumes that you do not take withdrawals from the Contract, which could add surrender charges that substantially increase costs.

Lowest Annual Cost: $1,481	Highest Annual Cost: $2,320
Assumes:	Assumes:
•  Investment of $100,000 (to the Subaccounts only) •  5% annual appreciation •  Least expensive investment portfolio fees and expenses •  No optional benefits •  Base Contract Expenses of 1.15% •  No Surrender Charges •  No additional premium payments, transfers, or withdrawals	•  Investment of $100,000 (to the Subaccounts only) •  5% annual appreciation •  Most expensive investment portfolio fees and expenses •  Both the Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider and the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider •  Base Contract Expenses of 1.15% •  No Surrender Charges •  No additional premium payments, transfers, or withdrawals

RISKS		LOCATION IN PROSPECTUS
Risk of Loss	You can lose money by investing in this Contract, including loss of principal and prior Contract earnings.	Principal Risks
Not a Short-Term Investment	This Contract is not designed for short-term investing and is not appropriate for an investor who needs ready access to cash.	Principal Risks
	A Surrender Charge applies for up to six years following your last premium payment. The charge will reduce the value of your Contract if you withdraw money during that time. The benefit of tax deferral also means the Contract is more beneficial to investors with a long time horizon. Prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value is based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. This means you can lose up to

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RISKS		LOCATION IN PROSPECTUS
	100% of your principal invested in a Cycle Investment upon withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply). If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower.
	Your Cycle Investment Value, less any surrender charges, if applicable, is the amount available for withdrawals prior to the Cycle End Date, including Free Withdrawal Amounts, Systematic Withdrawals, Required Minimum Distributions, transfers to the Subaccounts, full or partial surrenders of your contract (including exercising your right to cancel the contract), payment of a Death Benefit or annuitization.
Risks Associated with Investment Options	•  An investment in this Contract is subject to the risk of poor investment performance of the Cycle Investments and the Investment Portfolios that you select.	Principal Risks
	•  Each Cycle Investment, Subaccount, and the Default Account has its own unique risks.
	•  You should review this prospectus as well as the prospectuses for available Investment Portfolios.
Insurance Company Risks	Any obligations, guarantees, and benefits of the Contract are subject to our claims- paying ability. If Midland National experiences financial distress, it may not be able to meet its obligations to you. More information about Midland National, including its financial strength ratings, is available upon request. You may make such request by calling 1-866-747-3421 or visiting www.SRSLiveWell.com.	Principal Risks

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RESTRICTIONS		LOCATION IN PROSPECTUS
Investments	•  We reserve the right not to offer any Cycle Investments and to reject or limit the amount that may be invested in a Cycle Investment. If we exercise our right not to offer any Cycle Investments, you will be limited to investing in the Subaccounts, which are not tied to the performance of an Index.	The Cycle Investments; Subaccounts;
	•  You are not permitted to transfer Contract Value into a Cycle Investment on any day other than a Cycle Start Date.	Appendix A: Investment Portfolios Available Under the Contract
	•  Currently, we allow unlimited transfers without charge among Subaccounts and between the Subaccounts and Cycle Investments during the Accumulation Phase. However, we reserve the right to impose a charge for transfers in excess of 15 per year.
	•  Currently, we allow you to invest in an unlimited number of Investment Options at one time. However, we reserve the right to limit the number of Subaccounts and/or Cycle Investments in which you may invest at any one time.
	•  We reserve the right to limit transfers among Subaccount in circumstances of frequent or large transfers.
	•  We reserve the right to remove or substitute the Subaccounts and/or Cycle Investments currently available.	Benefits Under the Contract
Optional Benefits	•  Withdrawals may reduce the Return of Premium Death Benefit by more than the amount withdrawn.	Appendix B: State Variations
	•  The Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider and the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider may only be elected at the time you purchase the Contract.
	•  The Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider and the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider are not available in all states.

TAXES		LOCATION IN PROSPECTUS
Tax Implications	•  You should consult with a tax professional to determine the tax implications of an investment in, withdrawals from and payments received under the Contract.	Federal Tax Status
	•  If you purchase the Contract through a qualified retirement plan or individual retirement account (IRA), you do not receive any additional tax benefit.
	•  Earnings on your Contract are taxed at ordinary income tax rates when you withdraw them, and you may have to pay a penalty if you take a withdrawal before age 591/2.

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CONFLICTS OF INTEREST		LOCATION IN PROSPECTUS
Investment Professional Compensation	Your registered representative may receive compensation for selling this Contract to you in the form of commissions. Cash compensation includes bonuses and allowances based on factors such as sales, productivity and persistency (the degree to which Contracts sold remain in force). Non-cash compensation includes various recognition items such as prizes and awards as well as attendance at, and payment of the costs associated with attendance at, conferences, seminars and recognition trips, and also includes contributions to certain individual plans such as pension and medical plans. Sales of the Contract may help these registered representatives and their supervisors qualify for such benefits. This compensation may influence your registered representative to recommend this Contract over another investment. In addition to the foregoing, we provide payments to certain third parties for training, product development, marketing and development efforts with selling firms, and other wholesaling and relationship management services.	Distribution of the Contract
Exchanges	Some investment professionals may have a financial incentive to offer you a new contract in place of the one you own. You should only exchange your contract if you determine, after comparing the features, fees, and risks of both contracts, that it is better for you to purchase the new contract rather than continue to own your existing contract.	Tax-Free Section 1035 Exchanges

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OVERVIEW OF THE MIDLAND LIVE WELL DYNAMIC ANNUITY

Q: What is the Contract, and what is it designed to do?

A: The Midland LiveWell Dynamic Annuity is designed to enable you to accumulate assets through Cycle Investments and Subaccounts of the Registered Separate Account. The Cycle Investments provide returns linked to the performance of a single specified Index. Each Subaccount invests in one share class of an Investment Portfolio.

The Contract can supplement your retirement income by providing a stream of income during the Income Phase. Before you begin income payments, the Contract also provides a standard Death Benefit for your designated beneficiaries. The amount of the Death Benefit will be determined as of the Business Day that our Customer Service Center receives the required documentation in Good Order.

The Contract may be appropriate if you have a long term investment horizon. It is not intended for people who need to take early or frequent withdrawals or who intend to engage in frequent trading among the Subaccounts. Because of the Surrender Charge (which is in effect for many years), and the possibility of income tax and tax penalties on early withdrawals, the Contract should not be viewed as a short-term investment vehicle. In addition, prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply). If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower.

For these reasons, your financial goal in acquiring the Contract should focus on a long-term insurance product, offering the prospect of investment growth.

Q: How do I accumulate assets in the Contract and receive income from the Contract?

A: The Contract has two phases: the Accumulation Phase and the Income Phase.

1. Accumulation Phase

During the Accumulation Phase, subject to certain restrictions, you may apply premium payments to the Contract and allocate the premium payments among:

• Available Cycle Investments, each which provides a return linked to the performance of a specified Index over a specified Cycle Term. We provide a summary regarding investing in the Cycle Investments immediately following this section in “Summary – Common Questions Related to the Cycle Investments.”

• Available Subaccounts, each of which invests an Investment Portfolio which has its own investment strategy, investment adviser, expense ratio and returns.

See The Cycle Investment Options for additional information about available Cycle Investments. A list of the Investment Portfolios offered through the Subaccounts appears at the back of this Prospectus in APPENDIX A – INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS AVAILABLE UNDER THE CONTRACT.

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2. Income Phase

During the Income Phase, you may receive annuity payments under the Contract by applying your Contract Value to an annuity payment option. Depending on the income payment option you select, payments may continue for the life of the Annuitant (and the Joint Annuitant, if any) or for a specified period between five and twenty years.

When you elect to annuitize the Contract, your Contract Value will be converted into income payments and you will no longer be able to make withdrawals from the Contract. At this time, the Accumulation Phase will end, and the standard Death Benefit and any optional benefits, including the Return of Premium Death Benefit, you have elected will terminate.

Q: What are the primary features and options of the Contract?

A. Contract Types. The Contract is available for purchase as a Non-Qualified Contract for accounts that do not qualify for special federal tax advantages under the Internal Revenue Code and as a Qualified Contract for retirement accounts that qualify for such tax advantages. The Contract does not offer any additional tax benefits when purchased in a retirement account.

B. Available Investments. You may allocate your Contract Value to one or more Cycle Investments and/or to one or more Subaccounts.

C. Accessing Your Money. You may make a full or partial withdrawal of your Contract Value at any time before the Maturity Date by submitting a written request to our Customer Service Center. You may also submit requests for partial withdrawals by telephone with prior authorization. The Contract permits you to take a certain amount of withdrawals without incurring a Surrender Charge, which we call the “Free Withdrawal Amount.” For an additional charge, you can purchase the optional Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider, which allows you to take unlimited withdrawals without incurring a Surrender Charge.

D. Tax Treatment. You may transfer your Contract Value among Investment Options without tax implications. Returns credited to your Contract are generally tax-deferred and are taxed only when (1) you make a partial or full withdrawal; (2) you receive an Annuity Payment under the Contract; or (3) upon payment of a Death Benefit.

E. Death Benefit. Your Contract includes a standard Death Benefit (the “Contract Value Death Benefit”) payable to your designated beneficiaries. The amount of the Death Benefit will be determined as of the Business Day that our Customer Service Center receives the required documentation in Good Order. For an additional charge, you can purchase the optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider, which may increase the amount of money payable to your designated beneficiaries.

F. Additional Features and Services. We make certain optional services available under the Contract at no additional charge:

• The Dollar Cost Averaging Program allows you to systematically transfer a set amount from a Subaccount to any other Subaccount on a regular schedule. This program does not permit Contract Value to be transferred to or from any Cycle Investments.

• The Automatic Rebalancing Program automatically rebalances your Accumulation Value among your selected Subaccounts in order to restore your allocation to the original level. Contract Value allocated to the Cycle Investments cannot participate.

• Systematic Withdrawals enable you to automatically withdraw a portion of your Contract Value at a frequency you select. If you chose to take Systematic Withdrawals from a Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, the Fair Value calculation could cause your Cycle Investment Unit Value to reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which

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could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply). If you take a withdrawal, including a Systematic Withdrawal, prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. You should consult with a financial professional before taking Systematic Withdrawals from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date.

SUMMARY QUESTIONS RELATED TO THE CYCLE INVESTMENTS

Q: What are Cycle Investments?

A Cycle Investment provides the opportunity to tie your investment to the performance of the Index. Each time you allocate a premium payment and/or Contract Value to a Cycle Investment, you must make the following investment decisions:

• What Index do I want my investment return to be based on?

• How long do I want to tie investment to that Index’s performance?

• How much and what type of downside investment protection do I want?

• What type of upside investment potential do I want?

• Is the level of upside investment exposure that is available with my chosen Index, investment timeframe and downside protection sufficient in terms of my financial needs and goals?

Q: What are the elements of a Cycle Investment?

The component parts of a Cycle Investment are as follows:

• The Index to which your investment is linked.

• The period between the Cycle Start Date and the Cycle End Date, or the Cycle Term;

• The type of downside protection (“Cycle Structure”), which are either: (i) the maximum loss you will incur due to negative Index performance for the Cycle Term, or the Floor Rate, or (ii) the maximum amount of negative Index performance for the Cycle Term from which the Company will protect you, or the Buffer Rate.

• The type of upside investment exposure (“Crediting Type”), in the event of any positive Index performance, which are either: (i) the maximum rate of return at the end of the Cycle Term, or the Cap Rate, or (ii) the portion of positive Index performance for the Cycle Term in which you will participate, or the Participation Rate.

Q: What Indexes are currently available?

• S&P 500^® Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: SPX), which is a market-capitalization-weighted index of the 500 largest U.S. publicly-traded companies, which does not include dividends or distributions.

• MSCI EAFE Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: MXEA), which is designed to represent the performance of large and mid-cap securities across 21 developed markets, including countries in

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Europe, Australasia and the Far East, excluding the U.S. and Canada, and is available for a number of regions, market segments/sizes and covers approximately 85% of the free float-adjusted market capitalization in each of the 21 countries, and which does not include dividends or distributions.

• Russell 2000 Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: RTY), which is a stock market index that measures the performance of the 2,000 smaller companies included in the Russell 3000 Index and is largely regarded as a bellwether of the U.S. economy because of its focus on smaller companies that focus on the U.S. market, and which does not include dividends or distributions.

Q: What Cycle Investments are currently available?

Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure	Cycle Floor/Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
S&P500		1	Floor		-10	%	Cap		2.5	%
S&P500		1	Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
S&P500		1	Buffer		-30	%	Cap		5	%
S&P500		3	Floor		-10	%	Cap		2.5	%
S&P500		3	Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
S&P500		6	Floor		-10	%	Cap		5	%
S&P500		6	Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
S&P500		6	Buffer		-20	%	Cap		10	%
S&P500		6	Buffer		-30	%	Cap		7.5	%
MSCI EAFE		1	Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
Russell 2000		1	Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%

Not all Cycle Investments are available in all states. See Appendix B: State Variations.

Q: What is the Floor Rate?

The Floor Rate is a type of downside protection available under the Contract. It is the maximum loss due to negative Index performance that the Contract Owner will absorb on the Cycle End Date. You will be protected against loss attributable to negative Index performance in excess of the Floor Rate on the Cycle End Date. Any percentage decline in the Index’s performance reduces the Contract Owner’s Cycle Maturity Value up to a maximum loss of the Floor Rate. For example, if you invest $100,000 in a Cycle Investment with a Floor Rate of -10% and do not take any withdrawals, the most you can lose on the Cycle End Date is $10,000, even if the Index decreases more than -10%. For more detailed examples, see “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples – Floor Protection – on the Cycle End Date.”

The Floor Rate only applies on the Cycle End Date. This means prior to the Cycle End Date, Midland will not protect you from any losses. See “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples – For Cycle Investments with a Floor Rate – During the Cycle Term” for examples for how this feature works.

Q: What is the Buffer Rate?

The Buffer Rate is a type of downside protection available under the Contract. It is the amount of the Index’s negative performance from which Midland will protect you on the Cycle End Date. You will be subject to any negative Index performance in excess of the Buffer Rate on the Cycle End Date. For example, if you invest $100,000 in a Cycle Investment with a Buffer Rate of -20% and do not take any withdrawals, on the Cycle End Date the Company will protect you from Index loss up to -20%, or $20,000. You would bear any Index loss in excess of -20%. This means that if the Index decreases 50%, the Company would protect you from the first $20,000 of loss, and you would bear any loss in excess of that amount, or, in this case, $30,000. For more detailed examples, see Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples – Buffer Protection – on the Cycle End Date.

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The Buffer Rate only applies on the Cycle End Date. This means prior to the Cycle End Date, Midland will not protect you from any losses. See “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples – For Cycle Investments with a Buffer Rate – During the Cycle Term” for examples of how this feature works.

Q: What is the Cap Rate?

The Cap Rate is a Crediting Type, which is a type of upside investment exposure, available under the Contract. It is the maximum potential increase due to positive Index performance, if any, that the Contract Owner may be credited on the Cycle End Date. The return on an Investment Cycle on the Cycle End Date is limited to the Cap Rate even if the Index performance on the Cycle End Date is higher. For example, if you invest in a Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate of 8%, on the Cycle End date you will be credited with any Index gain up to 8%. This means that if the Index increases 10%, your rate of return would be limited to 8%, which is the Cap Rate. If the Index increases 5%, your rate of return would be the full 5% because it is below the Cap Rate.

Prior to the Cycle End Date, your rate of return is calculated based on the Fair Value provided by the Fair Value Calculation Agent. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Proportional Cap Rate will also be incorporated to calculate your rate of return. See “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples – For Cycle Investments with a Floor Rate and a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023 – During the Cycle Term” or “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples – For Cycle Investments with a Buffer Rate and a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023 – During the Cycle Term” for examples of how this feature works. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. See “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples – For Cycle Investments with a Floor Rate and a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 – During the Cycle Term” or “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples – For Cycle Investments with a Buffer Rate and a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 – During the Cycle Term” for examples.

Q: What is the Participation Rate?

The Participation Rate is a Crediting Type, which is a type of upside investment exposure, available under the Contract. It is the portion of any positive Index performance, if any, that the Contract Owner will participate in on the Cycle End Date. The return on an Investment Cycle is not limited to a maximum amount. For example, if you invest in a Cycle Investment with a Participation Rate of 90%, on the Cycle End Date you will be credited with 90% of any positive Index gain, no matter how high or low the Index gain may be. This means that if the Index increases 10%, your rate of return would be limited to 9%, which is 90% of the Index gain. If the Index increases 5%, your rate of return would be 4.5%, which is 90% of the Index gain.

Prior to the Cycle End Date, your rate of return is calculated based on the Fair Value provided by the Fair Value Calculation Agent. See “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples – For Cycle Investments with a Buffer Rate and a Participation Rate – During the Cycle Term” for examples.

Q: What is the value of my Cycle Investment during the Cycle Term?

The value of your Cycle Investment is measured in the value of your Units. The Cycle Investment Unit Value will fluctuate based upon the Fair Value of the Cycle Investment determined by the Fair Value Calculation Agent as described in “Valuation of a Cycle Investment” later in this prospectus. In determining the Fair Value during a Cycle Term, the Fair Value Calculation Agent will take into account a variety of factors, including the change in the Index Value from the Start Date, volatility of the Index, interest rate changes, and the time remaining until the Cycle End Date.

This means that your Cycle Investment Value on any Business Day could be less than your initial investment.

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During the Cycle Term, the Cycle Investment Unit Value estimates the market value of the risk of loss and possibility of gain if the Cycle Investment is held to the Cycle End Date. Before the Cycle End Date, the value of the Cycle Investment Unit may be lower than the value on the Start Date even when the Index performance is positive due to the possibility that the Index performance could decrease before the Cycle End Date. Changes in the volatility of the Index price and interest rates also may reduce the Cycle Investment Unit Value before the Cycle End Date.

For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. The Proportional Cap Rate reduces the Cap Rate based on the time lapsed during the Cycle Term relative to the Cycle Term. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. In addition, the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply. If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. See “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples” for examples of how the value of your Cycle Investment is determined during the Cycle Term. In some states, pending regulatory approval(s), if any, the Proportional Cap Rate will continue to be incorporated into the Fair Value calculation for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023. See “Appendix B – State Variations.”

Q: How is my return calculated on the Cycle End Date?

The Cycle Maturity Value is the final Cycle Investment Unit Value for a Cycle investment on the Cycle End Date. The Cycle Maturity Value is calculated based on the Index’s performance over the Cycle Term, which is the difference between the Index value on the Cycle Start Date and the Index value on the Cycle End Date, subject to the full Cap Rate (for a Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate Crediting Type) or the Participation Rate (for a Cycle Investment with a Participation Rate Crediting Type), and subject to the Floor Rate (for a Cycle Investment with a Floor Rate Cycle Structure) or the Buffer Rate (for a Cycle Investment with a Buffer Rate Cycle Structure).

The following table describes the maximum amount that may be lost in Cycle Investment Options on the Cycle End Date:

Maximum Cycle Investment Loss on Cycle End Date
-10% Floor	-10% Buffer			-20% Buffer			-30% Buffer
-10%		-90	%		-80	%		-70	%

FEE TABLE

The following tables describe the fees and expenses that you will pay when buying, owning, and surrendering or making withdrawals from the Contract. Please refer to your Contract specifications page for information about the specific fees you will pay each year based on the options you have elected.

The first table describes the fees and expenses that you will pay at the time that you buy the Contract, surrender or make withdrawals from the Contract, or transfer Contract Value between investment options. State premium taxes may also be deducted.

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Transaction Expenses

Contract Owner Transaction Expenses	Charge
Sales Load Imposed on Premiums	None
Surrender Charge (as a percentage of premiums withdrawn)	8.0%
State Premium Tax1	0% to 3.5%
Transfer Fee2	$15
Fair Value Calculation3 (as a percentage of premium payment)	100%

¹  State premium tax is based on current resident state and varies by state. If applicable in your state, it is generally payable upon full surrender, death, or the Income Payment Start Date.

²  Currently the charge is $0, but we reserve the right to charge $15 per transfer for transfers in excess of 15 per Contract year. If applied, the Transfer Fee would apply both to transfers among Subaccounts and between Subaccounts and Cycle Investments. We will not charge for any transfers of initial or additional premium payments that include allocation instructions to Cycle Investment Options for the next Cycle Start Date.

³  If you withdraw money from a Cycle Investment Option prior to the Cycle End Date, you will receive the Cycle Investment Unit Value. We calculate the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. In the event of severe market disruption where the value of the financial instruments become worthless, this means you can lose up to 100% of your principal invested in a Cycle Investment upon withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date. See “Valuation of a Cycle Investment” later in this Prospectus, as well as “Fair Value Formulas” in Appendix E.

The next table describes the fees and expenses that you will pay each year during the time that you own the Contract (not including Investment Portfolio company fees and expenses).

Annual Contract Expenses

Annual Contract Expenses	Current Charge			Maximum Charge
Base Contract Expenses (as a percentage of average Accumulation Value)1		1.15	%		1.15	%
Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider (as a percentage of Contract Value)2		0.20	%		0.20	%
Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider (as a percentage of Contract Value)2		0.30	%		0.30	%

¹  This charge is a percentage of the Accumulation Value in each Subaccount including the Default Account. It does not apply to Contract Value allocated to the Cycle Investments. This annual charge is deducted daily. The maximum charges are guaranteed for the life of the Contract. We call this charge the Separate Account Annual Expense charge later in this prospectus.

²  This charge is a percentage of the Contract Value. It applies pro-rata against all Investment Options, including the Cycle Investment Value and amounts held in the Default Account. This annual charge is deducted quarterly.

The next item shows the minimum and maximum total operating expenses charged by the Investment Portfolios that you may pay periodically during the time you own the Contract. A complete list of

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Investment Portfolios available under the Contract, including the Default Account, as well as their annual expenses, may be found in “APPENDIX A – INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS AVAILABLE UNDER THE CONTRACT” at the back of this Prospectus.

Annual Investment Portfolio Expenses1 (expenses that are deducted from portfolios assets, including management fees, distribution, and/or service (12b-1) fees and other expenses)	Minimum			Maximum
Total annual operating expenses		0.48	%		1.06	%

¹  The investment portfolio expenses used to prepare this table were provided to us by the fund company(ies). We have not independently verified such information of unaffiliated investment portfolio options. The expenses are those incurred as of the fiscal year ending December 31, 2022. Current or future expenses may be higher or lower than those shown. These charges do not apply to Contract Value allocated to the Cycle Investments.

Expense Examples

This Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Contract with the cost of investing in other variable annuity contracts. These costs include transaction expenses, annual Contract expenses, and Annual Investment Portfolio Expenses.

The Example assumes that you invest $100,000 in the Subaccounts for the time periods indicated. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and assumes the most expensive combination of Annual Investment Portfolio Expenses and optional benefits available for an additional charge. The Example assumes you do not allocate any Contract Value to the Cycle Investments and there is no Contract Value in the Default Account. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:

(1) If you surrender your Contract at the end of the applicable time period:

1 Year	3 Years	5 Years	10 Years
$9,932	$13,784	$17,899	$	30,318

(2) If you annuitize your Contract at the end of the applicable time period:

1 Year	3 Years	5 Years	10 Years
$2,732	$8,384	$14,299	$	30,318

(3) If you do NOT surrender or annuitize your Contract:

1 Year	3 Years	5 Years	10 Years
$2,732	$8,384	$14,299	$	30,318

PRINCIPAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE CONTRACT

General Risk of Loss

Investments in the Contract are subject to the risk of loss of principal and previously credited earnings due the negative performance of the Index to which a Cycle is linked or of the Investment Portfolio in which a Subaccount invests.

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General Liquidity Risk

The Contract is designed to help meet long-term financial goals. It is not suitable as a vehicle for short-term savings. If you are not a long-term investor, this Contract may not be appropriate for you. Each premium Payment is subject to a six year Surrender Charge, which may reduce your Surrender Value below the amount of premium payments you made.

RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE CYCLE INVESTMENTS

Risk of Loss

Investments in Cycle Investments will fluctuate in value based on the performance of the Index. Such losses may be substantial depending on the performance of the Index and the Cycle Investment to which you allocate Contract Value. You will bear the portion of the loss that exceeds the Buffer Rate or the loss up to the amount of the Floor Rate, as applicable. The Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate provide downside protection from negative Index Performance only on the Cycle End Date. For Cycle Investments with multi-year Cycle Terms, these rates do not apply on an annual basis: any negative Index performance is measured from the Cycle Start Date until the Cycle End Date.

Liquidity Risk

The amount of Cycle Investment Value available for withdrawal on any Business Day is equal to the Cycle Investment Unit Value on that day multiplied by the number of Cycle Investment Units credited to your Contract. Prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value for each Cycle Investment is based on the Fair Value of the financial instruments that equal the Cycle Investment at maturity. The Fair Value estimates the market value of the risk of loss and possibility of gain if the Cycle Investment is held to the Cycle End Date. The Fair Value determination takes into account a variety of factors, including the change in Index value from the Cycle Start Date, volatility of the Index, interest rate changes, and time remaining to the Cycle End Date. Before the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Value may be lower than the amount allocated to the Cycle Investment on the Start Date even when the index performance is positive due to the possibility that the index performance could decrease before the Cycle End Date. Changes in the Index volatility and interest rates also may reduce the Cycle Investment Unit Value.

For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. In addition, the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply). If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. For all Cycle Investments, this means on any day prior to the Cycle End Date if you make a withdrawal, surrender or annuitize the Contract, or if a death benefit becomes payable, you could lose up to 100% of your principal investment and any earnings. On the Cycle End Date (when the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do apply), you could lose up to 10% of your investment in a Cycle Investment with a -10% Floor Rate or up to 90% of your investment in a Cycle Investment with a -10% Buffer Rate.

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Your Cycle Investment Value, less any surrender charges, if applicable, is the amount available for withdrawals prior to the Cycle End Date, including Free Withdrawal Amounts, Systematic Withdrawals, Required Minimum Distributions, transfers to the Subaccounts, full or partial surrenders of your contract (including exercising your right to cancel the contract), payment of a death benefit or annuitization.

Transfers, withdrawals, and optional benefit rider charges deducted before the Cycle End Date will reduce your Cycle Investment Value dollar for dollar.

Changes to the Cycle Investments

Availability of the Cycle Investments for future Cycle Types are solely at our discretion, and we can change or remove them without Contract Owner consent. You bear the risk that a Cycle Type in which you initially invest will not continue to be available in the future. We reserve the right not to offer any Cycle Investments, and to reject or limit the amount that can be invested in a Cycle Investment. If we exercise our right not to offer any Cycle Investments, you will be limited to investing in the Subaccounts, which are not tied to the performance of an Index. We set Cap Rates and Participation Rates at our discretion based on a variety of factors. These rates may change from Cycle Term to Cycle Term and may be less than your initial rates. Contract Owners bear the risk that the rates we set will be less favorable than they find acceptable. We will amend the prospectus should we cease offering Cycle Investments.

In the event that the Index for a Cycle Investment is discontinued, or is changed substantially, or if hedging instruments become difficult to acquire or the cost of hedging becomes excessive, for future Cycle Investments, we may replace the Index with an available comparable Index, subject to any necessary regulatory filings. If the Index is discontinued, for Cycle Investments that are ongoing, the Cycle Term will end, i.e., we will “mature” it, on the date the Index is discontinued, and we will calculate the Cycle Investment return, positive or negative, based on the Crediting Type (i.e., Cap Rate or Participation Rate) and the Cycle Structure (i.e., Floor Rate or Buffer Rate), as applicable. See “Replacement of the Index” below for additional information.

Limited Participation in Positive Performance

Any increase in the value of the Contract Owner’s Cycle Investment for any Cycle, on the Cycle End Date, is limited by the Cycle’s Cap Rate or Participation Rate, which could cause the Contract Owner’s Cycle Investment on any Cycle Business Day to be lower than they would otherwise be if the Contract Owner invested, for example, in a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund tracking the same Index. The Cap Rates and Participation Rates benefit us because they limit the hedging costs to cover the amount of increase in the Cycle Investment that we may be obligated to pay. We set the Cap Rates and Participation Rates at our discretion. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation, which determines the amount available for withdrawal, will take into account the Proportional Cap Rate, which may reduce the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the time remaining until the Cycle End Date Term. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. Generally, Cycle Investments that provide greater protection against negative Index performance through the Floor Rate or Buffer Rate have lower Cap Rates and Participation Rates than Cycle Investments with the same Index and Cycle Term that provide less protection.

Cap Rates and Participation Rates

The Cap Rate for a Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate Crediting Type and the Participation Rate for a Cycle Investment with a Participation Rate Crediting Type are declared on the Cycle Start Date and will be disclosed on our website www.srslivewellservice.com. Prior to the Cycle Start Date, we will post Indicative Rates every Tuesday. The Cap Rate or Participation Rate for a new Cycle Term may be higher, lower, or equal to the Cap

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Rate or Participation Rate for the prior Cycle Term and/or the Indicative Rate. There is a risk that the Cap Rate will be lower than the Index’s rate of return. For Participation Rates lower than 100%, investors will not fully participate in the Index’s positive rate of return.

We have established a minimum Cap Rate for each available Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate Crediting Type and a minimum Participation Rate for each available Cycle Investment with a Participation Rate Crediting Type, which is the Rate Threshold disclosed in this prospectus. If we cannot offer the Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate or Participation Rate that is equal to or above the applicable Rate Threshold, the Cycle Investment will not launch on the Cycle Start Date for the new Cycle Term. If this occurs, there is a risk that allocation of your Contract Value to a different Cycle Investment will be delayed until the following month because a new Cycle Investment can only be established on a Cycle Start Date (i.e., the third Thursday of each month). There is also a risk that you may not have a Cycle Investment to invest in if we decide not to offer any Cycle Investments in the future. Contract Value that you allocate to a Cycle Investment that does not launch will remain in the Default Account until you provide us with alternative allocation instructions.

The Cap Rates and Participation Rates apply from the Cycle Start Date to the Cycle End Date. The Cap Rate is a limit on the maximum rate of return on a Cycle Investment at the end of the Cycle Term, not the end of each year of the Cycle Term. It is not an annual limit. For Participation Rates with multi- year Cycle Terms, the Participation Rate is the portion of the Index gain on a Cycle Investment at the end of the Cycle Term, not the end of each year of the Cycle Term. Interim changes in the value of the Cycle Investment during a Cycle Term will occur, and may be higher or lower, sometimes significantly higher or lower, than the return on the Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date.

We will inform you of the final Cap Rate or Participation Rate for each new Cycle Investment (whether an initial Cycle Investment or a renewal from a maturing Cycle Investment) to which your Contract Value is allocated. If the Cap Rate or Participation Rate is not satisfactory to you, you will be eligible to “bailout” of the new Cycle Investment, regardless of whether it is an initial Cycle Investment or a renewal from a maturing Cycle Investment. In order to exercise your right to bailout of the Cycle Investment, you must notify us within 10 business days from the day we send you notice of the final Cap Rate(s) or Participation Rate(s). When you do so, you must instruct us where to reallocate your investment. Your bailout proceeds will be equal to the entire amount you allocated to the new Cycle Investment on the Cycle Start Date, i.e., it will not be subject to any Fair Value calculation and it will not be subject to any transfer charges. Your bailout right permits you to (i) reallocate your Contract Value to different investment options under the Contract without being subject to the Fair Value calculation or any transfer charges, or (ii) withdraw or surrender your Contract Value without being subject to the Fair Value calculation. Surrender Charges will be assessed, if applicable. Amounts withdrawn or surrendered may also be subject to taxes, including a 10% federal penalty tax before age 59¹⁄₂. If you do not exercise your right to bailout within 10 business days of the notice, then your Contract Value allocated to Cycle Investments will remain invested in the Cycle Investment. This means that if you later decide to transfer or withdraw your Contract Value from the Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value of the amount you allocated to the Cycle Investment will be based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate or Buffer Rate will not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. See “Transfers out of a Cycle Investment” and “Withdrawals from Cycle Investments” for more information about the consequences of transfers and withdrawals from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date.

Cycle Investment Unit Value Based Upon Fair Value During Cycle Term

On each Cycle Business Day, other than the Cycle Start Date and Cycle End Date, we determine the Cycle Investment Unit Value for a Cycle Investment by reference to a Fair Value. The Fair Value of a Cycle Investment reflects the current value of financial instruments that would provide a return equal to the change in Index Value at the end of the Cycle Term, without regard to the Floor Rate or the Buffer Rate, as applicable. For

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Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also be subject to the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. In some states, pending regulatory approval(s), if any, the Proportional Cap Rate will continue to be incorporated into the Fair Value calculation for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023. See “Appendix B – State Variations.”

We contract with a Fair Value Calculation Agent to determine the Fair Value of a Cycle Investment based on a variety of factors such as the change in the Index Value from the Cycle Start Date, implied volatility of the Index, interest rate changes, and the time remaining to the Cycle End Date. The Fair Value is determined using a formula which is determined based on the economic value of a hypothetical financial investments at the time of the valuation designed to match Cycle Investment value at the Cycle End Date. The formula is based on the value of each of these financial instruments and is determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent using standard financial industry calculations. This means the Fair Value of a Cycle Investment before the Cycle End Date could be different than the performance of the reference Index during the calculation period. For more information on the formula used to calculate Fair Value, see “Valuation of a Cycle Investment – Cycle Value Unit Value – During the Cycle Term.”

Midland National will publish the Cycle Investment Unit Values each Business Day on its website: www.srslivewellservice.com. For more information and to see how Fair Value and Cycle Investment Unit Value are calculated, see “Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples”, “Investing in the Cycle Investments”, and “Appendix E – Fair Value Formulas” in this prospectus.

Risk Associated with Indices

The value of the Contract Owner’s Cycle Investment is dependent on the performance of the reference Index. The performance of an Index is based on changes in the values of the securities or other investments that comprise or define the Index. The securities comprising or defining the Indices are subject to a variety of investment risks, many of which are complicated and interrelated. These risks may affect capital markets generally, specific market segments, or specific issuers. The performance of the Indices may fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. Negative Index performance may cause the Contract Owner to lose money. The historical performance of an Index does not guarantee future results. It is impossible to predict whether an Index will perform positively or negatively over the course of a Cycle Term.

While it is not possible to invest directly in an Index, if the Contract Owner chooses to allocate amounts to a Cycle Investment, the Contract Owner is indirectly exposed to the investment risks associated with the referenced Index. Because each Index is comprised or defined by a collection of equity securities, each Index is largely exposed to market risk and issuer risk. Market risk is the risk that market fluctuations may cause the value of a security to fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. Issuer risk is the risk that the value of an issuer’s securities may decline for reasons directly related to the issuer, as opposed to the market generally. Over time, we may also change the Indices to which the Cycle Investments are linked. Below is a summary of important investment risks to which each Index is exposed. For more information, see “Additional Information about the Indices” later in this prospectus.

• S&P 500^® Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: SPX). The S&P 500^® Price Return Index is comprised of equity securities issued by large-capitalization U.S. companies. In general, large-capitalization companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges, and may not be able to attain the high growth rate of successful smaller companies. The S&P 500^® Price Return does not include dividends or distributions.

• MSCI EAFE Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: MXEA). The MSCI EAFE Index is designed to represent the performance of large and mid-cap securities across 21 developed markets, including

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countries in Europe, Australasia and the Far East, excluding the U.S. and Canada. In general, large-capitalization companies may be unable to respond quickly to new competitive challenges and may not be able to attain the high growth rate of successful smaller companies, and the securities of mid-capitalization companies may be more volatile and may involve more risk than the securities of larger companies. Securities issued by non-U.S. companies (including related depository receipts) are subject to the risks related to investments in foreign markets (e.g., increased price volatility; changing currency exchange rates; and greater political, regulatory, and economic uncertainty). The price return index does not include dividends or distributions.

• Russell 2000 Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: RTY). The Russell 2000 Index refers to a stock market index that measures the performance of the 2,000 smaller companies included in the Russell 3000 Index. In general, the securities of small-capitalization companies may be more volatile and may involve more risk than the securities of larger companies. Small-capitalization companies are more likely to fail than larger companies. The price return index does not include dividends or distributions.

We reference the S&P 500^® Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: SPX), the MSCI EAFE Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: MXEA), and the Russell 2000 Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: RTY), which are price appreciation indices that do not include dividends or distributions, so the indices performances do not reflect dividends or distributions paid on the securities comprising the indices. The calculation of the Index performance for a Cycle Investment, therefore, will not reflect the full investment performance of the underlying securities.

No Rights in the Securities Underlying the Index

A Cycle Investment does not involve investing in the associated Index nor in any securities included in that Index. As a result, Contract Owners will not have voting rights, rights to receive cash dividends or other distributions or other rights that holders of securities comprising the indexes would have. We calculate the increase in value of Cycle Investment without taking into account any such distributions or dividends paid.

Replacement of the Index

If an Index is discontinued, we reserve the right to replace it with an alternative index for future Cycle Investments. We will give at least a 30 day notice of the change, unless the Index provider gives us less than 30 days’ notice, in which case we will give you notice as soon as practicable at our discretion. We will attempt to choose a replacement index that has a similar investment objective and risk profile to the discontinued Index. If we replace an Index, any future Cycle Investments will be available with the same Rate Threshold, Floor Rate and Buffer Rate features. In addition, in the event the Index for a Cycle Investment is changed substantially, or if hedging instruments become difficult to acquire or the cost of hedging becomes excessive, we may stop offering and/or replace the Index with an available comparable Index for future Cycle Investments. You bear the risk that the replacement index may not be acceptable to you.

Due to the possibility that an Index may be discontinued, we cannot guarantee that any Index will remain available through the end of a Cycle Term. In the event an Index is discontinued, we will terminate the Cycle Investment, as described below.

If an Index were to be discontinued, we will end, or mature, the Cycle Term before its scheduled Cycle End Date as of the date of the most recently available closing value of the Index before its discontinuance. We will use that closing value to calculate the Cycle Investment return, positive or negative, through that date. We will apply the Index performance as of that date subject to the Crediting Type (i.e., Cap Rate or Participation Rate) and the Cycle Structure (i.e., Floor or Buffer Rate), as applicable. For example, if the Index was up 10% at the time we matured the Cycle for a Cycle with an 8% Cap Rate, we would credit an 8% return to your Cycle Investment

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Value and for a Cycle with a 90% Participation Rate, we would credit a 9% return to your Cycle Investment Value. If the Index was down 30% at the time we matured the Cycle for a Cycle with a -10% Buffer Rate, we would credit a -20% negative return to your Cycle Investment Value and for a Cycle with a -10% Floor Rate, we would credit a -10% negative return to you Cycle Investment Value. We would provide notice about ending the Cycle, as soon as practicable and ask for instructions on where to transfer your Cycle End Date value. If you do not provide us with instructions, your Cycle End Date value will be transferred to the Default Account and will remain there until you provide us with alternative allocation instructions.

In the case of any of the types of early maturities discussed above, you can allocate the Cycle Investment Value to any of the available investment options, such as immediately to a Subaccount.

RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE SUBACCOUNTS

Risk of Loss

You bear the risk of any decline in the Accumulation Value of your Subaccounts resulting from the performance of the Investment Portfolios you have chosen. The Accumulation Value could decline very significantly, and there is a risk of loss of the entire amount invested. This risk varies with each Investment Portfolio. The investment risks are described in the prospectuses for the Investment Portfolios.

OTHER GENERAL RISKS OF INVESTING IN THE CONTRACT

Financial Strength of Midland National

Midland National is solely responsible for all guarantees provided under the Contract, including without limitation values calculated for the Cycle Investments, a Death Benefit and any annuity payments. Our General Account assets, which support these guarantees and payments are subject to the claims of our creditors. As such, the guarantees and payments are subject to our financial strength and claims paying ability and, therefore, to the risk that we may default on the guarantees and payments. For information on our financial condition, please review our financial statements included in this prospectus. Additional information about our business and operations is set forth in “Midland National Life Insurance Company”, later in this prospectus.

Optional Benefit Risk

If you choose to purchase one or both of the optional benefits available for an additional charge, the fees for the optional benefit(s) will be deducted from your Contract Value, including the Cycle Investments.

Prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. When charges for optional benefits are deducted from the Cycle Investments, the Cycle Investment Value from which the deduction is taken is based on the Fair Value calculation unless the deduction is made on the Cycle End Date. If a deduction is taken to pay optional benefit charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if a deduction is taken to pay optional benefit charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if the deduction was taken on the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower.

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The fees for the optional benefit(s) you select will be deducted from your Contract Value for the life of the Contract. You cannot voluntarily terminate an optional benefit available without surrendering or annuitizing your Contract. If you purchase the Surrender of Waiver Charge Rider and do not take withdrawals that would otherwise have been subject to a Surrender Charge, you will have paid for the benefit without realizing any financial savings provided by the benefit. Withdrawals may reduce the Return of Premium Death Benefit by more than the amount withdrawn, and it is possible that the Return of Premium Death Benefit will be no greater than the Contract Value Death Benefit for which we do not assess a charge. There is a risk that any financial savings or return provided by an optional benefit will ultimately be less than the amount you paid for the benefit.

Upon the Contract’s Maturity Date, any optional benefits, including the Return of Premium Death Benefit, you have elected will terminate without value.

The Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider and the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider are not available in all states. See Appendix B: State Variations.

Adverse Tax Consequences

Certain transactions including, but not limited to, withdrawals (including systematic withdrawals and required minimum distributions) and surrenders may lead to a taxable event. If you purchase the Contract through a tax advantaged retirement account, distributions received before you attain age 591/₂ may be includable in income and subject to a 10% penalty tax. If you take a withdrawal from a Non-Qualified Contract, any earnings before you attain age 591/₂ may be included in income and subject to a 10% penalty tax in addition to ordinary income tax. In addition, existing tax laws that benefit this Contract may change at any time.

Premium Payment Risk

Your ability to make subsequent premium payments is subject to restrictions. We reserve the right to refuse any premium payment, to further limit your ability to make subsequent premium payments with advance notice, and require our prior approval before accepting premium payments. There is no guarantee that you will always be permitted to make premium payments. If we refuse and/or limit your premium payments:

• your ability to increase your Contract Value will be affected, which in turn will affect the amounts that may be applied to an annuity payout option or toward the Contract Value Death Benefit;

• you will be unable to increase the value of the Return of Premium Death Benefit; and

• the potential financial savings provided by the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider will be limited, because Surrender Charges are not assessed after 6 years following your last premium payment.

Minimum Contract Value Risk

The minimum amount that can be left in the entire Contract after a withdrawal is $1,000.00. The entire Contract will be closed and the balance will be distributed to the Contract Owner if a withdrawal causes the Contract Value to drop below $1,000.00.

Cybersecurity

We rely heavily on interconnected computer systems and digital data to conduct our insurance business activities. Because our insurance business is highly dependent upon the effective operation of our computer systems and those of our business partners, our business is potentially vulnerable to disruptions from utility outages and other problems, and susceptible to operational and information security risks resulting from information systems

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failure (hardware and software malfunctions) and cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks may be systemic (affecting the internet, cloud services, or other infrastructure) or targeted (failure in or breach of our systems or those of third parties on whom we rely). There may be an increased risk of cyber- attacks during periods of geopolitical or military conflict. Due to the increasing sophistication of cyber-attacks, such cybersecurity incidents could occur and persist for an extended period of time without detection. These risks include, among other things, the theft, misuse, corruption and destruction of data maintained online or digitally, and unauthorized release of confidential customer information. For instance, cyber-attacks may: interfere with our processing of Contract transactions, including the processing of orders from our website; cause the release and possible destruction of confidential customer or business information; impede order processing; subject us and/or our service providers and intermediaries to regulatory fines and financial losses; and/or cause reputational damage.

Cybersecurity risks may also affect the Indices and the Investment Portfolios in which the Subaccounts invest. Breaches in cybersecurity may cause the performance of an Index or Investment Portfolio to be calculated incorrectly, which could affect the calculation of values under the Contract. We are not responsible for the calculation of any Index or the performance of any Investment Portfolio. Breaches in cybersecurity may also negatively affect the value of the securities or other investments that comprise or define an Index or in which a portfolio invests.

Catastrophic Events

Catastrophic events including, but not limited to, terrorist attacks, floods, severe storms or hurricanes, computer cyber-terrorism, military actions or a pandemic disease like the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, could have a material and adverse effect on our business in several respects by:

• causing long-term interruptions in our service and the services provided by our significant vendors;

• creating economic uncertainty, and reducing or halting economic activity;

• disrupting the financial markets and adversely affecting the value, volatility, and liquidity of securities and other instruments;

• increasing mortality or mortality risks that could adversely affect our claims experience, the actuarial assumptions that underlie our insurance products, and the costs of reinsurance.

The extent to which these types of catastrophic events may impact our business, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, or prospects will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

THE LIVEWELL DYNAMIC ANNUITY CONTRACT

The Live Well Dynamic Annuity Contract is a flexible premium deferred registered index and variable annuity that is designed to aid in long-term financial planning for retirement or other savings needs. It is available for purchase as a Non-Qualified Contract, as well as through Individual Retirement Accounts (“IRAs”), including Traditional IRAs and Roth IRAs.

The prospectus and the Statement of Additional Information (SAI) describe all material terms and features of the Contract. Certain non-material provisions of your Contract may be different than the general description in this prospectus and the SAI because of legal requirements in the state in which you purchased the Contract. Any such variation will be included in your Contract. All material state variations are described in this prospectus. You may also contact your registered representative or our Customer Service Center for additional information about Contract variations applicable to your state. A summary of such material state specific variations is included in APPENDIX B – STATE VARIATIONS at the back of this prospectus.

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PURCHASING THE CONTRACT

Any person wishing to purchase a Contract must submit an application form and an initial premium payment of at least $25,000. The sale must take place through a representative who is licensed, registered and authorized to sell the Contract. The maximum Issue Age for the Contract is 85 years.

If your application is complete and in Good Order (see “Administrative Procedures”), we will accept or reject it within two Business Days of receipt. If the application is incomplete, we will attempt to complete it within five Business Days. If it is not complete at the end of this period (or cannot be accepted for some other reason), then we will inform you of the reason for the delay and the premium payment will be returned unless you let us keep the premium until the application is complete. Your initial premium is held in a non- interest bearing suspense account (which is part of our General Account and is subject to claims of our general creditors) until your Contract is issued or your premium is refunded.

You may allocate your premium payments among the Subaccounts and/or Cycle Investments available in the Contract. Because Cycle Investments only start on the third Thursday of each month, any amount of your initial premium payment and any subsequent premium payments that you wish to allocate to an upcoming Cycle Investment will be held in the Default Account until the Cycle Start Date.

We will allocate your initial premium payment according to your instructions when we receive it or accept your application (whichever is later) at our Customer Service Center before the New York Stock Exchange closes for regular trading (generally, 3:00 p.m. Central Time). If we receive your initial premium payment or accept your application (whichever is later) after the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange, for investments in the Subaccounts, we will credit Accumulation Units at the Accumulation Unit Value determined at the close of the next Valuation Period.

All premium payments that you allocate to any Cycle Investment will be invested in the Default Account until your selected Cycle Start Date. The allocations will move from the Default Account into the corresponding Cycle Investments, if they launch, on the Cycle Start Date. If a Cycle Investment does not launch, the corresponding allocations will remain in the Default Account until you provide us with alternative allocation instructions. Cycle Investments begin on the third Thursday of each month. If the third Thursday of the month is not a Business Day, the Cycle Investments will launch on the next Business Day.

There may be delays in our receipt of applications that are outside of our control because of the failure of the selling registered representative to forward the application to us promptly, or because of delays in their broker dealer determining that the Contract is suitable for you. Any such delays will affect when your Contract can be issued and when your premium payment is allocated among the Subaccounts and the Cycle Investments.

Right to Cancel

You may cancel your Contract within the ten (10) day Right to Cancel period (also called the “Free Look Period”). We deem the Right to Cancel period to expire 10 days after you have received your Contract. Some states and circumstances may provide you with a longer Right to Cancel period. To cancel your Contract, you need to return your Contract and any other documentation that we may require, in Good Order, to the registered representative who sold it to you or to our Customer Service Center. If you cancel your Contract, regardless of whether it is a Qualified Contract or a Non-Qualified Contract, then we will return:

• The Contract Value (which may be more or less than the premium payments you paid), or

• If greater and required by law, your premiums paid minus any partial withdrawals.

Whether you receive your Contract Value or adjusted premium payment, we do not deduct surrender charges when you exercise your Right to Cancel during the Right to Cancel period.

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If we return the Contract Value, the amount you receive will reflect the investment performance of the Investment Options you allocated your premiums to before you cancelled the Contract. Contract Value that is allocated to the Cycle Investments will be based on the Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time, which, if prior to the Cycle End Date, is based on the Fair Value, and does not provide the protection of the Floor Rate or Buffer Rate. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable.

If we return the premiums paid minus any partial withdrawals, the amount you receive will not reflect the investment performance of the Investment Options you allocated your premiums to before you cancelled the Contract. If you allocated Contract Value to the Cycle Investments, the amount due to you is not based on the Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time. The amount you receive will only be reduced to the extent you took any partial withdrawals before exercising your Right to Cancel.

Tax-free Section 1035 Exchanges

You can generally exchange one non-qualified annuity contract for another in a “tax-free exchange” under Section 1035 of the Internal Revenue Code. Before making an exchange, you should compare both annuity contracts carefully. Remember that if you exchange another annuity contract for the one described in this prospectus, you might have to pay a surrender charge on your old annuity contract, there may be a surrender charge on this Contract, and other charges may be higher (or lower) and the benefits may be different. You should not exchange another annuity contract for this one unless you determine, after knowing all the facts, that the exchange is in your best interest and not just better for the person trying to sell you this Contract (that person will generally earn a commission if you buy this Contract through an exchange or otherwise). If you purchase the Contract in exchange for an existing annuity contract from another company, we may not receive your premium payment from the other company for a substantial period of time after you sign the application and send it to us, and we cannot credit your premium to the Contract until we receive it.

If you are considering a partial exchange of an annuity contract, you should consider the conditions described by Revenue Procedure 2011-38, effective for transfers that are completed on or after October 24, 2011. Under Revenue Procedure 2011-38: (1) the period of time after which cash can be withdrawn from either contract is 180 days beginning on the date of the transfer and (2) annuity payments that satisfy the newly enacted partial annuitization rule under Section 72(a)(2) of the Code will not be treated as a distribution from either the old or new contract.

You should consult with and rely upon a tax adviser if you are considering a contract exchange.

ADDITIONAL PREMIUM PAYMENTS

You may make additional premium payments at any time after the Free Look Period and prior to Annuitization in any amount of $1,000 or more, within certain limits and subject to our right to refuse any premium payments. By current Company practice, we will also accept additional payments via automatic bank draft in amounts of $100 or more per month. Unless you receive approval from us, the maximum amount of premium you may pay into this Contract prior to the Maturity Date is $2,000,000. In addition, an initial or additional premium that would cause the Contract Value or total value of all annuity contracts that you maintain with Midland National to exceed $5,000,000 requires our prior approval. We calculate this limit for each Annuitant or Owner based on all active annuity contracts.

Additional premium payments to Subaccounts will be credited as of the end of the Valuation Period in which they are received by us, in Good Order. Because Cycle Investments only start every third Thursday, any amount of your additional premium payments that you wish to allocate to an upcoming Cycle Investment will be invested in the Default Account until your selected Cycle Start Date. The allocations will move from the Default Account

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into the corresponding Cycle Investments, if they launch, on the Cycle Start Date. If a Cycle Investment does not launch, the corresponding allocations will remain in the Default Account until you provide us with alternative allocation instructions.

We may refuse to accept certain forms of premium payments (e.g., third party checks, traveler’s checks, money orders), and we reserve the right to accept or reject any premium payment or form of payment. If we exercise our right to reject or place limitations on the acceptance and allocation of additional premiums, you may be unable or limited in your ability to increase your Contract Value through additional premium payments, which, in turn, will affect the amounts that may be applied to an annuity payout option or toward the Contract Value Death Benefit. You will also be unable to increase the value of the Return of Premium Death Benefit. In addition, the potential financial savings provided by the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider will be limited, because Surrender Charges are not assessed after 6 years following your last premium payment.

You may mail premium payments by regular mail to Midland National Life Insurance Company at P.O. Box 9261, Des Moines, IA 50306-9261, or by overnight delivery service to 8300 Mills Civic Pkwy, West Des Moines, IA 50266-3833.

Allocation of Premium Payments

You will provide premium payment allocation instructions in your application for the Contract. These instructions will dictate how we allocate your additional premium payments. Allocation percentages may be any whole number (from 0 to 100) and the sum must equal 100. The allocation instructions in your application will apply to all additional premium payments, unless you change your allocation instructions by providing us with written instructions. We reserve the right to limit the number of Cycle Investments and Subaccounts to which you may allocate your premium payments or transfer your Contract Value.

Changing Your Premium Payment Allocation Instructions

You may change your allocation instructions by submitting a written request to our Customer Service Center that provides new allocation instruction in whole numbers from 0 to 100, the sum of which must equal 100. We may allow other means to make this type of request with proper authorization and verification. Changes to allocation instructions will apply to premium payments received as of the date we receive your request at our Customer Service Center. Changing your allocation instructions will not affect how your existing Contract Value is allocated among the Investment Options. When the Dollar Cost Averaging (DCA) program is in effect, the DCA allocation percentages will apply to any premium payments received unless you specify otherwise. (See “Dollar Cost Averaging” later in this prospectus.

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THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIONS

Available Cycle Investments. We currently offer the following Cycle Investments:

Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure	Cycle Floor/Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
S&P500		1	Floor		-10	%	Cap		2.5	%
S&P500		1	Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
S&P500		1	Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
S&P500		3	Floor		-10	%	Cap		2.5	%
S&P500		3	Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
S&P500		6	Floor		-10	%	Cap		5	%
S&P500		6	Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
S&P500		6	Buffer		-20	%	Cap		10	%
S&P500		6	Buffer		-30	%	Cap		7.5	%
MSCI EAFE		1	Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
Russell 2000		1	Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%

Not all Cycle Investments are available in all states. See Appendix B: State Variations.

Over time, we may add and/or remove the Cycle Investments offered for new Cycle Terms. If we do so, we will amend this Prospectus.

Features of a Cycle Investment

The key features of a Cycle Investment are:

• the Index to which it is linked;

• the Cycle Term, which is the period between Cycle Start Date and Cycle End Date;

• The type of downside protection (“Cycle Structure”), which are either: (i) the maximum loss you will incur due to negative Index performance for the Cycle Term, or the Floor Rate, or (ii) the maximum amount of negative Index performance for the Cycle Term from which the Company will protect you, or the Buffer Rate; and

• the type of upside investment exposure (“Crediting Type”), which are either: (i) the maximum positive rate of return at the end of the Cycle Term, which is the Cap Rate (subject to the Rate Threshold set forth in the table above), or (ii) the portion of positive Index performance for the Cycle Term in which you will participate, which is the Participation Rate (subject to the Rate Threshold set forth in the table above).

The Index. We currently offer Cycle Investments linked to the following Indices (each, an “Index”):

• S&P 500^® Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: SPX), which is a price return index based on the market- capitalization-weighted index of the 500 largest U.S. publicly-traded companies that does not include dividends or distributions.

• MSCI EAFE Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: MXEA), which is designed to represent the performance of large and mid-cap securities across 21 developed markets, including countries in Europe, Australasia and the Far East, excluding the U.S. and Canada, and is available for a number of regions, market segments/sizes and covers approximately 85% of the free float-adjusted market capitalization in each of the 21 countries, and which does not include dividends or distributions.

• Russell 2000 Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: RTY), which is a stock market index that measures the performance of the 2,000 smaller companies included in the Russell 3000 Index and is

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largely regarded as a bellwether of the U.S. economy because of its focus on smaller companies that focus on the U.S. market, and which does not include dividends or distributions.

Each Index involves risks, including the risk of loss of principal and previous earnings. See “Principal Risks of Investing in the Contract” earlier in this prospectus for more information.

Cycle Terms. A Cycle Term begins on the Start Date and ends on the Cycle End Date. We currently offer Cycle Terms of 1, 3 and 6 years for Cycle Investments with a Floor Rate described below and Cycle Terms of 1, 3, and 6 years for Cycle Investments with a Buffer Rate described below.

Floor Rate. The Floor Rate is the maximum loss you will incur due to negative Index performance for the Cycle Term. We currently offer a Floor Rate of -10%, as reflected in the table of available Cycle Investments above.

Example 1: If the performance of the Index at the end of a 1-year Cycle Term is -15%, and the Floor Rate of -10% is selected, the return on the Cycle Investment would be -10%. In this Example, the -10% Floor Rate applies, and Midland National bears the risk of any loss due to negative Index performance below -10%.

Example 2: If the performance of the Index at the end of a 1-year Cycle Term is -5%, and the Floor Rate of -10% is selected, the return on the Cycle Investment would be -5%. In this Example, the -10% Floor Rate does not apply because the return on the Cycle Investment is higher. The Contract Owner bears negative index performance down to -10%.

We will continue to offer the same Floor Rate for each subsequent Cycle Term of the same Cycle Investment option, but we may offer the same or different rates in the future for newly offered Cycle Investment options. We guarantee that we will never offer a Cycle Investment with a Floor Rate above -60% for the life of your Contract. In such case, if you invest in a Cycle Investment with a Floor Rate Cycle Structure and hold your investment through the end of the Cycle Term, you will never lose more than 60% of your investment in the Cycle Investment.

Buffer Rate. The Buffer Rate is the maximum amount of negative Index performance that the Company will protect you from on the Cycle End Date, and you will bear any negative Index performance in excess of the Buffer Rate. We currently offer Buffer Rates of -10%, -20% and -30%, as reflected in the table of available Cycle Investments above.

Example 1: If the Index performance on the Cycle End Date is -15% and a Buffer Rate selected is -20%, the return on the Cycle Investment would be 0%. In this example, the Buffer Rate would apply, and Midland National would protect you from all of the negative index performance.

Example 2: If the Index performance on the Cycle End Date is -15% and the Buffer Rate selected is -10%, the return on the Cycle Investment would be -5%. The Buffer Rate would apply, and Midland National would absorb negative Index performance of -10%. The Contract Owner bears the loss to the extent negative Index performance –exceeds 10%.

Buffer Rates do not limit the Contract Owner’s loss to a particular amount. A Cycle Investment with a Buffer Rate of -10% could experience a loss equal to -90%, and a Cycle Investment with a Buffer Rate of -20% could experience a loss equal to -80%. This means that selecting a Cycle Investment with a Buffer Rate could result in a large losses during periods of steep declines in the stock market.

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We will continue to offer the same Buffer Rate for each subsequent Cycle Term of the same Cycle Investment option, but we may offer the same or different rates in the future for newly offered Cycle Investment options. We guarantee that we will never offer a Cycle Investment with a Buffer Rate below -2.5% for the life of your Contract. In such case, if you invest in a Cycle Investment with a Buffer Rate Cycle Structure and hold your investment through the end of the Cycle Term, you will never lose more than 97.5% of your investment in the Cycle Investment.

The Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate only apply on the Cycle End Date. For Cycle Investments with multi-year Cycle Terms, these rates do not apply on an annual basis: any negative Index performance is measured from the Cycle Start Date until the Cycle End Date.

Neither the Floor Rate nor the Buffer Rate will apply to any partial or full withdrawals of a Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date, which means that you will not have any guaranteed downside protection on these withdrawals during the Cycle Term.

Example 1: If you invest $100,000, and the Floor Rate -10% is selected, but you withdraw the entire Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Unit Value is $8, i.e. the Cycle performance to date (based on the Fair Value, which considers various market factors in addition to Index performance) is -20%, the Floor Rate would not apply and you could incur the full loss of -20%, or $20,000. This is because if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, there is no downside protection and you risk the loss of your entire investment.

Example 2: If you invest $100,000, and the Buffer Rate -20% is selected, and you withdraw the entire Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Unit Value is $9, i.e. the Cycle performance to date (based on the Fair Value, which considers various market factors in addition to Index performance) is -10%, the Buffer Rate would not apply and you could incur the full loss of 10%, or $10,000. In this example, your loss could be equal the full amount of the Cycle Investment Unit Value decline of 10%, or $10,000. This is because if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, there is no downside protection and you risk the loss of your entire investment.

Cap Rate. The Cap Rate is the maximum rate of return on a Cycle End Date and it limits participation in positive Index performance. This means that the return on an Investment Cycle is limited to the Cap Rate even if the Index performance on the Investment Cycle End Date is higher.

Example 1. If the performance of the Index at the end of a 3-year Cycle Term is 30%, but the Cap Rate is 25%, the return on your Cycle Investment for that Cycle Term would be limited to 25%, which is the Cap Rate.

Example 2. If the performance of the Index at the end of year of a 3-year Cycle Term is 5%, but the Cap Rate is 25%, the return on your Cycle Investment for that Cycle Term would be the full 5% because it is below the Cap Rate.

We have established a minimum Cap Rate for each available Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate Crediting Type, which are the Rate Thresholds disclosed in this prospectus. If we cannot offer the Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate that is equal to or above the applicable Rate Threshold, the Cycle Investment will not launch on the Cycle Start Date for the new Cycle Term. We guarantee that we will never offer a Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate below 2.0% for the life of your Contract.

Participation Rate. The Participation Rate is the portion of positive Index performance for a Cycle Investment that your Cycle Investment Unit Value will participate in on the Cycle End Date. We determine the return on an Investment Cycle based on a Participation Rate by multiplying any Index gain over the Cycle Term by the Participation Rate.

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Example 1. If the performance of an Index at the end of a 6-year Cycle Term is 10%, and the Participation Rate is 90%, the return on the Cycle Investment for that Cycle Term would be 9%, which is 90% of the Index gain.

Example 2. If the performance of an Index at the end of a 6-year Cycle Term is 5%, and the Participation Rate is 90%, the return on the Cycle Investment for that Cycle Term would be 4.5%, which is 90% of the Index gain.

Participation Rates do not limit the Contract Owner’s return to a maximum amount. A Cycle Investment with a Participation Rate of 90% will experience returns equal to 90% of the Index gain over the Cycle Term, no matter how high or low the Index gain may be.

We have established a minimum Participation Rate for each available Cycle Investment with a Participation Rate Crediting Type, which are the Rate Thresholds disclosed in this prospectus. If we cannot offer the Cycle Investment with a Participation Rate that is equal to or above the applicable Rate Threshold, the Cycle Investment will not launch on the Cycle Start Date for the new Cycle Term. We guarantee that we will never offer a Cycle Investment with a Participation Rate below 5.0% for the life of your Contract.

The Index return for a Cycle Investment is measured as the difference between applicable Index value on the Cycle Start Date and the Cycle End Date. For Cycle Investments with multi-year Cycle Terms, these rates do not apply on an annual basis: any positive Index performance is measured as the difference between applicable Index value on the Cycle Start Date and the Cycle End Date. The Cap Rate is a limit on the maximum rate of return on a Cycle Investment at the end of the Cycle Term, not the end each year of the Cycle Term. For Participation Rates with multi-year Cycle Terms, the Participation Rate is the portion of the Index gain on a Cycle Investment at the end of the Cycle Term, not the End of each year of the Cycle Term. Interim changes in the value of the Cycle Investment during a Cycle Term will occur, and may be higher or lower, sometimes significantly higher or lower, than the return on the Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date.

Please note, generally the higher the Floor Rate you select, the higher the Cap Rate we will offer. For example if the Floor Rate is increased from -10% to -20%, the Cap Rate would increase. In general, the lower the Buffer Rate you select, the higher the Cap Rate or Participation Rate we will offer. For example if the Buffer Rate is decreased from -20% to -10%, the Cap Rate or Participation Rate would increase. In other words, selecting less protection from potential losses due to negative Index performance will generally result in a higher Cap Rate or Participation Rate, giving you more exposure to upside potential.

Investing in the Cycle Investments

Subject to our right not to offer any Cycle Investments, we will launch new Investment Cycles on the third Thursday of every month. If the third Thursday of the month is not a Business Day, we will launch the new Investment Cycles on the next Business Day.

Every Tuesday following a Cycle Launch Date, we will post information online about the Cycle Investments scheduled to start next. The notice, which will be posted on the Midland National’s website at www.srslivewellservice.com and will include the following information for each available Cycle Investment:

1) Index, Cycle Term, and Floor Rate or Buffer Rate, as applicable;

2) Start Date and Cycle End Date;

3) Indicative Rate and Crediting Type (which will be updated every Tuesday before the Cycle Start Date);

4) Instructions for completing investment allocation instructions for the new Cycle Investments deadline.

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The final Cap Rate or Participation Rate for a Cycle Investment will be declared on the Cycle Start Date and will be disclosed on our website www.srslivewellservice.com as of that day. Prior to the Cycle Start Date, we will post Indicative Rates every Tuesday. The Cap Rate or Participation Rate for a new Cycle Term may be higher, lower, or equal to the Cap Rate or Participation Rate for the prior Cycle Term and/or the Indicative Rate.

We have established a minimum Cap Rate for each available Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate Crediting Type and a minimum Participation Rate for each available Cycle Investment with a Participation Rate Crediting Type, which are the Rate Thresholds disclosed in this prospectus. If we cannot offer the Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate or Participation Rate that is equal to or above the applicable Rate Threshold, the Cycle Investment will not launch on the Cycle Start Date for the new Cycle Term. There is a risk that you may not have a Cycle Investment to invest in if we decide not to offer any Cycle Investments in the future.

We will inform you in writing, or electronically, if applicable, of the final Cap Rate or Participation Rate for each new Cycle Investment (whether an initial Cycle Investment or a renewal from a maturing Cycle Investment) to which your Contract Value is allocated. If the Cap Rate or Participation Rate is not satisfactory to you, you will be eligible to “bailout” of the new Cycle Investment, regardless of whether it is an initial Cycle Investment or a renewal from a maturing Cycle Investment. In order to exercise your right to bailout of the Cycle Investment, you must notify us within 10 business days from the day we send you notice of the final Cap Rate(s) or Participation Rate(s). When you do so, you must instruct us where to reallocate your investment. If you want to exercise your right to bailout, you can do so by contacting us by telephone at 866-747-3421 or by e-mail at Securities@SFGMembers.com. Your bailout right permits you to (i) reallocate your Contract Value to different investment options under the Contract without being subject to the Fair Value calculation or any transfer charges, or (ii) withdraw or surrender your Contract Value without being subject to the Fair Value calculation. Surrender Charges will be assessed, if applicable. Amounts withdrawn or surrendered may also be subject to taxes, including a 10% federal penalty tax before age 59¹⁄₂. If you do not exercise your right to bailout within 10 business days of the notice, then your Contract Value will remain invested in the Cycle Investment for the duration of the Cycle Term. This means that if you later decide to transfer or withdraw your Contract Value from the Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value of the amount you allocated to the Cycle Investment will be based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate or Buffer Rate will not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. See “Transfers out of a Cycle Investment” and “Withdrawals from Cycle Investments” for more information about the consequences of transfers and withdrawals from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date.

Your bailout proceeds will be equal to the entire amount you allocated to the new Cycle Investment on the Cycle Start Date, i.e., it will not be subject to any Fair Value calculation and it will not be subject to any transfer charges .

If you have a maturing Cycle Investment, we will mail you this notice, or, if applicable, deliver it electronically. For more information, see “Cycle End Date Payments; Rollovers” below in this section.

To invest in a new Cycle Investment, you must submit your allocation instructions no later than the close of the Business Day prior to the Cycle Start Date. Your allocation instructions must specify:

1) the Cycle Investment(s) you select for investment; and

2) the amount and source of Contract Value to be allocated to the Cycle Investment(s), i.e., additional premium payments, amounts allocated to Investment Portfolios Available Under the Contract Investment Options or proceeds from a Cycle Investment maturing prior to the applicable Cycle Start Date.

All transfers of Contract Value to the Cycle Investments will be placed in the Default Account one Business Day prior to the Cycle Start Date. All allocations of premium payments to the Cycle Investments will be placed in the

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Default Account upon allocation to the Contract and held there until the Cycle Start Date. All proceeds from maturing Cycle Investments that will rollover into a new Cycle Term of the same Cycle Investment or will be reallocated to a different Cycle Investment will be placed in the Default Account on the Cycle End Date before they are reinvested into a new Cycle Investment. On the Cycle Start Date, we will then reallocate the amounts to the designated Cycle Investment(s). This includes initial premiums, additional premium payments, transferred Contract Value from the Subaccounts and rollovers from maturing Cycle Investments.

Depending on market and business considerations, we may determine not to offer a Cycle Investment on a Cycle Start Date and may reject or limit the amount allocated in a Cycle Investment at our sole discretion at any time until the end of the Business Day on the Cycle Start Date. We may choose not to offer any Cycle Investment for any period or we may decide to cease offering Cycle Investments. If we decide to cease offering Cycle Investments, each outstanding Cycle Investment will continue until its respective Cycle End Date.

If you do not provide us with allocation instructions, or we do not timely receive your allocations instructions, or if the Cycle Investment you have selected is not available on the Cycle Start Date, your Contract Value will be invested in the Default Account until you provide us with alternative allocation instructions in Good Order.

The Default Account. The Default Account is the Fidelity VIP Government Money Mkt Svc 2 Money Market Subaccount, which is used to hold the following: (i) premium payments designated for a new Cycle Investment(s) upon allocation to the Contract, (ii) transfers of Contract Value designated for a new Cycle Investment(s) as of one Business Day prior to the Cycle Start Date, (iii) proceeds from a maturing Cycle Investment(s) before they are reinvested into a new Cycle Investment, and (iv) proceeds from a maturing Cycle Investment for a discontinued Cycle Investment which we have no instructions or for which the Cycle Investment does not launch.

The Cycle Start Date. We establish the Cap Rate or Participation Rate for a new Cycle Investment on the Cycle Start Date in our sole discretion based on a variety of factors. The Cap Rate or Participation Rate we establish may be different from the Indicative Rate on our website and in the Notice, if you are already a Contract owner invested in a Cycle Investment. You will not know the final Cap Rate or Participation Rate until the Cycle Start Date, at which point it will be posted on our website, www.srslivewellservice.com. You will also be notified by mail or electronically, as applicable. The following table sets forth the Cycle Investments that are currently available.

Index	Cycle Term (# of years)	Cycle Structure	Cycle Floor/ Buffer Rate	Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
S&P500	1	Floor	-10%	Cap	2.5%
S&P500	1	Buffer	-10%	Cap	5%
S&P500	1	Buffer	-30%	Cap	5%
S&P500	3	Floor	-10%	Cap	2.5%
S&P500	3	Buffer	-10%	Cap	5%
S&P500	6	Floor	-10%	Cap	5%
S&P500	6	Buffer	-10%	Participation	10%
S&P500	6	Buffer	-20%	Cap	10%
S&P500	6	Buffer	-30%	Cap	7.5%
MSCI EAFE	1	Buffer	-10%	Cap	5%
Russell 2000	1	Buffer	-10%	Cap	5%

Not all Cycle Investments are available in all states. See Appendix B: State Variations.

You may invest in a Cycle Investment only on the Cycle Start Date. You may not make any additional investments in a Cycle Investment after it has launched.

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Cycle Investment Value

The value of a Cycle Investment is measured in terms of the number of Cycle Investment Units credited to the Contract upon investment in the Cycle Investment and the Cycle Investment Unit Value of such Units. The Cycle Investment Unit Value on the Cycle Start Date of each Cycle Investment will be $10.00. The number of Cycle Investment Units credited to the Cycle Investment is determined by dividing the amount invested in the Cycle Investment divided by the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10.00.

In determining the Fair Value of a Cycle Investment Unit during a Cycle Term, the Fair Value Calculation Agent will take into account a variety of factors, such as the change in the Index Value from the Start Date, volatility of the Index, interest rate changes, and time remaining to the Cycle End Date. During the Cycle Term, the Floor Rate or Buffer Rate will not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also take into account the length of time since the Cycle Start Date and will reflect the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. In some states, pending regulatory approval(s), if any, the Proportional Cap Rate will continue to be incorporated into the Fair Value calculation for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023. See “Appendix B – State Variations.”

During a Cycle Term, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will fluctuate based upon the Fair Value of the Cycle Investment determined by the Fair Value Calculation Agent as described in “Valuation of a Cycle Investment” later in this prospectus. Before the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Value may be lower than the amount allocated to the Cycle Investment on the Start Date even when the Index performance is positive due to the possibility that the Index performance could decrease before the Cycle End Date. The Cycle Investment Unit Value may also be reduced by changes in Index volatility and interest rates. See “Appendix E – Fair Value Formulas” for the formulas used by the Fair Value Calculation Agent to determine the Fair Value and detailed examples of the Fair Value calculation under different market conditions.

The Proportional Cap Rate (for Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023 only). Prior to the Cycle End Date, your investment returns will be based on the Cycle Investment Unit Value, which is the Fair Value of your Cycle Investment limited by the Proportional Cap Rate. The Proportional Cap Rate reduces any positive performance based on the time lapsed during the Cycle Term relative to the Cycle Term. This means, on any day prior to the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains (because of the Proportional Cap). If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower.

Example: The Cap Rate of a 6-year Cycle Investment is set at 60%. After 3 years, you take a full withdrawal from the Cycle Investment. The Proportional Cap Rate would be 3/6 of the Cap Rate of 60%, or 30%. This means that the maximum increase in the Cycle Investment Unit Value is 30% above the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10 set on the Cycle Start Date, i.e. the maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value of $13.00 = $10.00 * (1+30%). The maximum return that you will receive at the time of your withdrawal would not be greater than 30%, even if the Index return were higher.

CYCLE INVESTMENT UNIT VALUE CALCULATION FOR CYCLE INVESTMENTS WITH A FLOOR RATE AND A CAP RATE:

Start Date

The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value will be set as $10 for each Cycle on the Cycle Start Date.

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During the Cycle Term

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023:

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as the lesser of the result of (A) and (B) below:

(A) The Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value

Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent. This is equivalent to the Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units.

and

(B) The Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate

The percentage gain in the Cycle Investment Unit Value, prior to the Cycle End Date, is limited by the Proportional Cap Rate, which is the Cap Rate multiplied by the amount of time that has elapsed since the Cycle Start Date, divided by the Cycle term.

The Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Cycle Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]}.

The Proportional Cap Rate is the maximum the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be prior to the Cycle End Date.

The hypothetical examples below assumes 100,000 Cycle Investment units and the Index Value on the Cycle Start Date of 1,000. The examples of the hypothetical Fair Value for different index levels, different points in the Cycle’s life, and different Cycle Terms were chosen to demonstrate the effects of the Floor not applying before the Cycle End Date and the effects of the Proportional Cap Rate on the Cycle Investment Unit Value. See “Appendix E – Fair Value Formulas” for the formulas used by the Fair Value Calculation Agent to determine the Fair Value and detailed examples of the Fair Value calculation under different market conditions.

Example 1 – Index Increases 50%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 20% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume that the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,050,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,050,000 / 100,000 = $10.50

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 20% x (150/(365 x 3)} = $10.27. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$10.50, $10.27} = $10.27, the Cycle Investment Unit Value, based on the Fair Value, is greater than the Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate, so the Cycle Investment Unit Value is limited by the Proportional Cap Rate.

Example 2 – Index decreases 40%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 20% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 600 (40% loss) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $800,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding Unit Value = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $800,000 / 100,000 = $8.00

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(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 20% x (150/(365 x 3)} = $10.27. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$8.00, $10.27} = $8.00, which is a 20% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 20% = (1 - $8.00 / $10.00) x 100%. The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 3 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 20% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $780,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $780,000 / 100,000 = $7.80

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 20% x (150/(365 x 3)} = $10.27. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$7.80, $10.27} = $7.80, which is a 22% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 22% = (1 - $7.80 / $10.00) x 100%. The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 4 – Index Increases 50%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 20% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 750 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,160,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,160,000 / 100,000 = $11.60

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 20% x (750/(365 x 3)} = $11.37. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$11.60, $11.37} = $11.37, the Cycle Investment Unit Value, based on the Fair Value, is greater than the Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate, so the Cycle Investment Unit Value is limited by the Proportional Cap Rate.

Example 5 – Index Decreases 40%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 20% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 600 (40% loss) 750 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $850,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $850,000 / 100,000 = $8.50

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days In a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 20% x (750/(365 x 3)} = $11.37. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

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The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$8.50, $11.37} = $8.50, which is a 15% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 15% = (1 - $8.50 / $10.00) x 100%. The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 6 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 20% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 750 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $840,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $840,000 / 100,000 = $8.40

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 20% x (750/(365 x 3)} = $11.37. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$8.4, $11.37} = $8.40, which is a 16% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 16% = (1 - $8.40 / $10.00) x 100% The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 7 – Index increases 50%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 60% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,055,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,055,000 / 100,000 = $10.55

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 60% x (150/(365 x 6)} = $10.41. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$10.55, $10.41} = $10.41, the Cycle Investment Unit Value, based on the Fair Value, is greater than the Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate, so the Cycle Investment Unit Value is limited by the Proportional Cap Rate.

Example 8 – Index decreases 40%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 60% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 600 (40% loss) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $720,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $720,000 / 100,000 = $7.20

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 60% x (150/(365 x 6)} = $10.41. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$7.20, $10.41} = $7.20, which is a 28% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 28% = (1 - $7.20 / $10.00) x 100%. The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

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Example 9 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 60% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $670,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $670,000 / 100,000 = $6.70

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 60% x (150/(365 x 6)} = $10.41. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$6.70, $10.41} = $6.70, which is a 33% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 33% = (1 - $6.70 / $10.00) x 100%. The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 10 – Index increases 50%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 60% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 2,000 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,450,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,450,000 / 100,000 = $14.50

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 60% x (2,000/(365 x 6)} = $15.48. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$14.50, $15.48} = $14.50, the Cycle Investment Unit Value, is based on the Fair Value, as the Cycle Investment Unit Value is not limited by the Proportional Cap Rate.

Example 11 – Index decreases 40%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 60% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 600 (40% loss) 2,000 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $925,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $925,000 / 100,000 = $9.25

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 60% x (2,000/(365 x 6)} = $15.48. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$9.25, $15.48} = $9.25, which is a 7.5% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 7.5% = (1 - $9.25 / $10.00) x 100%. The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 12 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 60% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 2,000 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $920,000.

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(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $920,000 / 100,000 = $9.20

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 60% x (2,000/(365 x 6)} = $15.48. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$9.20, $15.48} = $9.20, which is a 8% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 8% = (1 - $9.20 / $10.00) x 100%. The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

During the Cycle Term

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023:

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as:

The Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value

Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent. This is equivalent to the Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units.

The hypothetical examples below assumes 100,000 Cycle Investment units and the Index Value on the Cycle Start Date of 1,000. The examples of the hypothetical Fair Value were chosen to demonstrate the effects of the Floor not applying before the Cycle End Date on the Cycle Investment Unit Value. See “Appendix E – Fair Value Formulas” for the formulas used by the Fair Value Calculation Agent to determine the Fair Value and detailed examples of the Fair Value calculation under different market conditions.

Example 1 – Index Increases 50%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 20% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,050,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,050,000 / 100,000 = $10.50

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10.50, the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value.

Example 2 – Index decreases 40%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 20% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 600 (40% loss) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $800,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding Unit Value = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $800,000 / 100,000 = $8.00

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = $8.00, which is a 20% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 20% = (1 - $8.00 / $10.00) x 100%. The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 3 – Index Increases 60%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 60% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,600 (60% gain) 2,000 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,500,000.

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The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,500,000 / 100,000 = $15.00

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = $15.00, the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value.

Example 4 – Index decreases 40%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Floor Rate, and 20% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 600 (40% loss) 2,000 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $850,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding Unit Value = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $850,000 / 100,000 = $8.50

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = $8.50, which is a 15% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 15% = (1 - $8.50 / $10.00) x 100%. The Floor Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

CYCLE INVESTMENT UNIT VALUE CALCULATION FOR CYCLE INVESTMENTS WITH A BUFFER RATE AND A CAP RATE:

Start Date

The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value will be set as $10 for each Cycle Investment on the Start Date.

During the Cycle Term

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023:

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as the lesser of the result of (A) and (B) below:

(A) The Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value

Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent. This is equivalent to the Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units

and

(B) The Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate

The percentage gain in the Cycle Investment Unit Value, prior to the Cycle End Date, is limited by the Proportional Cap Rate, which is the Cap Rate multiplied by the amount of time that has elapsed since the Cycle Start Date, divided by the cycle term.

The Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value } x {1 + ( Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Cycle Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]}.

The Proportional Cap Rate is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be prior to the Cycle End Date.

The hypothetical examples below assumes 100,000 Cycle Investment Units for all of the examples and the Index Value on the Cycle Start Date of 1,000. The examples of the hypothetical Fair Value for different index levels, different points in the Cycle’s life, and different Cycle Terms were chosen to demonstrate the effects of the Buffer not applying before the Cycle End Date and the effects of the Proportional Cap Rate on the Cycle Investment Unit Value. See “Appendix E – Fair Value Formulas” for the formulas used by the Fair Value Calculation Agent to determine the Fair Value and detailed examples of the Fair Value calculation under different market conditions.

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Example 1 – Index increases 50%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 100% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,400,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,400,000 / 100,000 = $14.00

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Cycle Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 100% x (150/(365 x 3)} = $11.37. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$12.90, $11.37} = $11.37, the Cycle Investment Unit Value, based on the Fair Value, is greater than the Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate, so the Cycle Investment Unit Value is limited by the Proportional Cap Rate.

Example 2 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 35% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $450,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $450,000 / 100,000 = $4.50

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]}= $10 x {1+ 100% x (150/(365 x 3)} = $11.37. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$4.50, $11.37} = $4.50, which is a 55% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 55% = (1—$4.50 / $10.00) x 100%. The Buffer Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 3 – Index increases 50%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 100% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 750 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,460,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,460,000 / 100,000 = $14.60

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Cycle Start Date) / (number of days In a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 100% x (750/(365 x 3)} = $16.85. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$14.60, $16.85} = $14.60, the Cycle Investment Unit Value, based on the Fair Value, is greater than the Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate, so the Cycle Investment Unit Value is not limited by the Proportional Cap Rate.

Example 4 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 100% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 750 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $510,000.

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(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $510,000 / 100,000 = $5.10

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]}= $10 x {1+ 100% x (750/(365 x 3)} = $16.85. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$5.10, $16.85} = $5.10, which is a 49% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 49% = (1 - $5.10 / $10.00) x 100%. The Buffer Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 5 – Index increases 50%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -30% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 75% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,130,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,130,000 / 100,000 = $11.30

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Cycle Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 75% x (150/(365 x 6)} = $10.51. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$11.30, $10.51} = $10.51, the Cycle Investment Unit Value, based on the Fair Value, is greater than the Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate, so the Cycle Investment Unit Value is limited by the Proportional Cap Rate.

Example 6 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -30% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 75% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $530,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $530,000 / 100,000 = $5.30

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]}= $10 x {1+ 75% x (150/(365 x 6)} = $10.51. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$5.30, $10.51} = $5.30, which is a 47% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 47% = (1 - $5.30 / $10.00) x 100%. The Buffer Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 7 – Index increases 50%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -30% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 75% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 2,000 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,475,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,475,000 / 100,000 = $14.75

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(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Cycle Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 75% x (2,000/(365 x 6)} = $16.85. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$14.75, $16.85} = $14.75, the Cycle Investment Unit Value, is based on the Fair Value, as the Cycle Investment Unit Value is not limited by the Proportional Cap Rate.

Example 8 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -30% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 75% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 2,000 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $720,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $720,000 / 100,000 = $7.20

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]}= $10 x {1+ 75% x (2,000/(365 x 6)} = $16.85. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$7.20, $16.85} = $7.20, which is a 28% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 28% = (1 - $7.20 / $10.00) x 100%, the Buffer Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

During the Cycle Term

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023:

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as:

The Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value

Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent. This is equivalent to the Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units

The hypothetical examples below assumes 100,000 Cycle Investment Units for all of the examples and the Index Value on the Cycle Start Date of 1,000. The examples of the hypothetical Fair Value were chosen to demonstrate the effects of the Buffer not applying before the Cycle End Date on the Cycle Investment Unit Value. See “Appendix E – Fair Value Formulas” for the formulas used by the Fair Value Calculation Agent to determine the Fair Value and detailed examples of the Fair Value calculation under different market conditions.

Example 1 – Index increases 50%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 100% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,400,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,400,000 / 100,000 = $14.00

Cycle Investment Unit Value = $14.00, the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value.

Example 2 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 3 year (1,095 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 100% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $450,000.

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The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $450,000 / 100,000 = $4.50

Cycle Investment Unit Value = $4.50, which is a 55% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 55% = (1 – $4.50 / $10.00) x 100%. The Buffer Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 3 – Index increases 60%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 200% Cap Rate. The index increases to 1,600 (60% gain) 2,000 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,580,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,580,000 / 100,000 = $15.80

Cycle Investment Unit Value = $15.80, the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value.

Example 4 – Index decreases 50%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Cycle Buffer Rate, and 200% Cap Rate. The index decreases to 500 (50% loss) 2,000 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $650,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $650,000 / 100,000 = $6.50

Cycle Investment Unit Value = $6.50, which is a 35% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 35% = (1 – $6.50 / $10.00) x 100%. The Buffer Rate does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date.

CYCLE INVESTMENT UNIT VALUE CALCULATION FOR CYCLE INVESTMENTS WITH A BUFFER RATE AND A PARTICIPATION RATE:

Start Date

The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value will be set as $10 for each Cycle Investment on the Start Date.

During the Cycle Term

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value.

Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent. This is equivalent to the Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units

The hypothetical examples below assume 100,000 Cycle Investment Units for all of the examples and the Index Value on the Cycle Start Date of 1,000. The examples of the hypothetical Fair Value were chosen to demonstrate the effects of the Buffer not applying before the Cycle End Date on the Cycle Investment Unit Value. See “Appendix E – Fair Value Formulas” for the formulas used by the Fair Value Calculation Agent to determine the Fair Value and detailed examples of the Fair Value calculation under different market conditions.

Example 1 – Index increases 50%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Buffer Rate, and 110% Participation Rate. The Index increases to 1,500 (50% gain) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $1,400,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,400,000 / 100,000 = $14.00

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Cycle Investment Unit Value = $14.00, the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value.

Example 2 – Index decreases 60%: A Cycle with a 6 year (2,190 days) Cycle Term, -10% Buffer Rate, and 110% Participation Rate. The Index decreases to 400 (60% loss) 150 days after the Cycle Start Date. Assume the Fair Value Calculation Agent has determined the Fair Value is $450,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $450,000 / 100,000 = $4.50

Cycle Investment Unit Value = $4.50, which is a 55% decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value from the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10; the decrease is equal to 55% = (1 – $4.50 / $10.00) x 100%. The Buffer Rate of -10% does not apply prior to the Cycle End Date, so in this case the decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value was not limited to 55% = (60% Index loss – 10% Buffer Rate).

For more information, see “Valuation of a Cycle Investment”.

Transfers out of a Cycle Investment

You may transfer all or a portion of your Cycle Investment Value out of a Cycle Investment on any Business Day. If you transfer from a Cycle Investment during the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value is based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate or Buffer Rate will not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply). If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower.

You may transfer into a Subaccount on any Business Day and/or into another Cycle Investment on the Cycle Start Date. If you transfer to another Cycle Investment, we will move your transferred Contract Value into the Default Account one Business Day prior to the Cycle Start Date. You may also request that all or part of any withdrawal amount be reallocated to an upcoming new Cycle Investment or to one or more Subaccounts available under the Contract.

For proceeds from maturing Cycles, if you do not provide transfer instructions in Good Order, we will allocate the Cycle Investment Value to the next new Cycle Investment of the same Cycle Type. If such a new Cycle Investment is not available, we will allocate the Cycle Investment Value to the Default Account.

Withdrawals from Cycle Investments

To withdraw money from a Cycle Investment, you must send us a Written Request containing the pertinent details of the withdrawal request, including the amount of the withdrawal and the Cycle Investment(s) from which to make the withdrawal (“withdrawal request”). Unless we receive specific instructions from you, we will deduct all requested withdrawals pro-rata from the Subaccounts until your Accumulation Value is exhausted. If

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your Accumulation Value is insufficient to fulfill your withdrawal request and your withdrawal request does not specifically instruct us to deduct the withdrawal from the Cycle Investment(s), we will consider the withdrawal request to be not in Good Order and we will not process the withdrawal request. The minimum partial withdrawal amount is $1,000. Required Minimum Distributions (“RMDs”) are not subject to this minimum. A Surrender Charge will generally apply to amounts withdrawn in excess of the Free Withdrawal Amount.

We will process withdrawal requests that we receive by the end of the Cycle Investment Business Day using that day’s Cycle Investment Unit Value. For withdrawal requests we receive after the end of the Cycle Investment Business Day, we will use the Cycle Investment Unit Value for the next Cycle Investment Business Day. The number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn from the Cycle Investment will equal the withdrawal amount divided by the Cycle Investment Unit Value on the close of the Business Day on which the withdrawal is processed.

We will pay the withdrawal amount to the Contract Owner no later than seven days after the Cycle Investment Business Day on which we received the Written Request, subject to our right to defer payment discussed below.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value is determined from the Cycle’s Fair Value as provided by the Fair Value Calculation Agent, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply). If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. See “Valuation of a Cycle Investment” later in this prospectus for more information.

Required Minimum Distributions. Unless we receive instructions from you, we will deduct all RMDs pro-rata from the Subaccounts until your Accumulation Value is exhausted, then from the Cycle Investments on a pro-rata basis. You may instruct us to take RMDs from all Investment Options – all Investment Portfolios Available Under the Contract Investment Options and all Cycle Investments – on a pro-rata basis. If you take an RMD from a Cycle Investment during the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date, you will receive the Cycle Investment Unit Value times the number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn and the Floor Rate or Buffer Rate will not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value is determined from the Cycle’s Fair Value as provided by the Fair Value Calculation Agent, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. For all Cycle Investments, this means, on any day prior to the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains, and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date. If you take a withdrawal, including an RMD, prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the

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Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. See “Valuation of a Cycle Investment” later in this prospectus for more information.

A withdrawal taken to satisfy an RMD is not subject to the deduction of a Surrender Charge. See “Charges, Fees and Deductions – Surrender Charge”.

Deferral of Payment. We may defer payment of any withdrawal proceeds or other payment from a Cycle Investment if, due to the closing or other disruption of financial markets or exchanges or other circumstances beyond the Company’s control, the Company is unable to settle the necessary transactions prudently as reasonably determined by the Company. See “Payment of Contract Proceeds”. Payments may be deferred for up to six months if the insurance regulatory authority of the state in which the Contract is issued approves such deferral.

Cycle End Date Payments; Rollovers

Thirty Business Days before the Cycle End Date, we will send you a Cycle Investment Maturity Notice that alerts you to the pending Cycle End Date and provides instructions on how to direct us to allocate the proceeds of a maturing Cycle Investment. If you do not provide written instructions directing us to allocate the proceeds of your maturing Cycle Investments to a new Cycle Investment or to the Subaccounts at least one Business Day before the Cycle End Date, either based on the current allocation instructions or new allocation instructions, we will allocate your proceeds as follows:

1) For maturing Cycle Investments, we will invest the proceeds in a new Cycle Investment of the same Cycle Type;

2) If such a new Cycle Investment is not available, we will allocate the proceeds to the Default Account.

We will pay proceeds of the Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date.

We no longer offer new Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type that is subject to a Proportional Cap Rate. When a Cycle Investment subject to a Proportional Cap Rate matures, we will not invest the proceeds in a new Cycle Investment of the same Cycle Type that is not subject to a Proportional Cap Rate unless you direct us to do so. If you are invested in a Cycle Investment with a Cap Rate that has a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, and you do not provide us with written reallocation instructions, we will allocate the proceeds to the Default Account when the Cycle Investment matures.

In some states, pending regulatory approval(s), if any, new Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type will continue to be subject to a Proportional Cap Rate. See “Appendix B – State Variations.”

Additional Information About the Indices

S&P 500 Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: SPX). The S&P 500 Price Return Index was established by Standard & Poor’s. The S&P 500 Price Return Index includes 500 leading companies in leading industries of the U.S. economy, capturing 75% coverage of U.S. equities. The S&P 500 Price Return Index does not include dividends declared by any of the companies included in this Index.

MSCI EAFE Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: MXEA). The MSCI EAFE Price Return Index was established by Morgan Stanley Capital International. The MSCI EAFE Index is designed to represent the performance of large and mid-cap securities across 21 developed markets, including countries in Europe,

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Australasia and the Far East, excluding the U.S. and Canada. The Index is available for a number of regions, market segments/sizes and covers approximately 85% of the free float-adjusted market capitalization in each of the 21 countries. The price return index does not include dividends or distributions.

Russell 2000 Price Return Index (Bloomberg Ticker: RTY). The Russell 2000 Price Return Index was established by the Frank Russell Company currently managed by FTSE Russell. The Russell 2000 Index refers to a stock market index that measures the performance of the 2,000 smaller companies included in the Russell 3000 Index. The Russell 2000 is widely regarded as a bellwether of the U.S. economy because of its focus on smaller companies that focus on the U.S. market. The price return index does not include dividends or distributions.

See “Appendix D - Index Disclaimers” for important information regarding the Indices.

Replacement of the Index

In the event an Index for a Cycle Investment is discontinued, we may replace the Index with an available comparable Index for future Cycle Investments.

In addition, in the event an Index for a Cycle Investment is changed substantially, or if hedging instruments become difficult to acquire or the cost of hedging becomes excessive, we may stop offering and/or replace the Index with an available comparable Index for future Cycle Investments.

If an Index is discontinued, for Cycle Terms that are ongoing, we will end, i.e., mature, the Cycle Term on the date the Index is discontinued, and calculate the Cycle Investment return based on the Crediting Type (i.e., Cap Rate or Participation Rate) and the Cycle Structure (i.e., Floor Rate or Buffer Rate), as applicable.

If we stop offering an Index for future Cycle Investments for any reason other than the Index is discontinued, any ongoing applicable Cycle Investments will continue until their Cycle End Date. This means we will not will not mature a Cycle Investment before its Cycle Ends Date if that Index has not been discontinued.

In replacing the Index for future Cycle Investments, we would attempt to choose a new Index that has a similar investment objective and risk profile to the original Index. The selection criteria for a suitable alternative Index may include the following:

1. There is a sufficiently large market in exchange traded and/or over-the counter options, futures, and similar derivative instruments based on the index to allow the Company to hedge fluctuations of the Index Value.

2. The Index is recognized as a broad-based Index for the relevant market; and

3. The publisher of the Index allows the Company to use the Index and other materials for a reasonable fee.

For example, if the S&P 500 Price Return index is discontinued, we will mature the Cycle Investments as of the date of the most recently available Index closing value. We will use that closing value to calculate the return through that date. We will apply the return calculated on that date in the same way we apply the return calculated on the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that are not terminated early. This means we will apply the Cap Rate or Participation Rate and Floor Rate or Buffer Rate, as applicable. For example, if the Index was up 10% at the time we matured the Cycle for a Cycle with an 8% Cap Rate, we would credit an 8% return to your Cycle Investment Value and for a Cycle with a 90% Participation Rate, we would credit a 9% return to your Cycle Investment Value. If the Index was down 30% at the time we matured the Cycle for a Cycle with a -10% Buffer Rate, we would credit a 20% negative return to your Cycle Investment Value and for a Cycle with a -10% Floor Rate, we would credit -10%. We would provide notice about maturing the Cycle that is terminated early, as soon as practicable and ask for instructions on where to transfer your Cycle Investment Value.

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We will give at least a 30 day notice of any change, unless the Index provider itself gives us less than 30 days’ notice, in which case we will give you notice as soon as practicable.

In the case of any of the types of early maturities discussed above, you can allocate the Cycle Investment Value to any of the available investment options, such as immediately to a Subaccount or to a Cycle Investment on the next Cycle Start Date, if available.

Contract owners are always permitted to transfer to the Subaccounts and may not invest in Cycles that have already commenced.

Valuation of a Cycle Investment

The amount invested in a Cycle Investment by the Contract Owner is the Cycle Investment Value. As of any Cycle Business Day, the Cycle Investment Value is measured by the number of Cycle Investment Units credited to the Contract multiplied by the Cycle Investment Unit Value, each as of that Cycle Business Day. The Cycle Investment Value will reflect withdrawals and fluctuations in the Cycle Investment Unit Value. ON ANY CYCLE BUSINESS DAY AFTER THE CYCLE START DATE, THE CONTRACT OWNER’S CYCLE INVESTMENT VALUE MAY BE LESS THAN THE AMOUNT INITIALLY INVESTED. The Cycle Investment Value is reduced by the dollar amount of all withdrawals and deductions for optional benefit rider charges.

Cycle Investment Unit

The number of Cycle Investment Units initially credited to the Contract is calculated by dividing the amount allocated to the Cycle Investment on the Start Date by $10.00. The number of Units credited to the Contract will be reduced by withdrawals or deductions for optional benefit rider charges prior to the Cycle End Date based on the amount withdrawn or deducted and the Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the withdrawal.

Example 1. A withdrawal of $10,000 is requested from a Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date. At the time of the request, the number of Cycle Investment Units owned by the Contract Owner is 10,000 and the Cycle Investment Unit Value is $10 for a total Cycle Investment Value of $100,000. After the withdrawal the total Cycle Investment Value is $90,000 = $100,000 – $10,000 (withdrawal). The number of Cycle Investment Units after the withdrawal is 9,000 = 10,000 – $10,000(withdrawn) / $10(Cycle Investment Unit Value).

Example 2. A Contract that includes the Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider will have a reduced number of Cycle Investment Units on the Cycle End Date as a result of the rider fee assessments. See the following two tables that illustrate this impact. The example assumes withdrawals of $10,000 are requested from the Cycle Investment at the end of the second quarter and at the end of the year. Fees of 0.20% for the Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider (ROP) are deducted from the Cycle Investment Value quarterly. At the beginning of the Cycle Term, the number of Cycle Investment Units owned by the Contract Owner is 10,000 and the Cycle Investment Unit Value is $10 for a total Cycle Investment Value of $100,000. The following two tables demonstrate the impact on Cycle Investment Value from deducting the ROP fees:

						No ROP Rider Fee
Year	Premium		1) AV Growth%			Cycle Investment Value (CIV)		Withdrawals		CIV After Withdrawals		Units		Unit Value
0	$	100,000		—		$	100,000.00	$	0.00	$	100,000.00		10,000.00	$	10.00
Q1				1.25	%	$	101,250.00	$	0.00	$	101,250.00		10,000.00	$	10.13
Q2				1.25	%	$	102,515.63	$	10,000.00	$	92,515.63		9,024.54	$	10.25
Q3				1.25	%	$	93,672.08	$	0.00	$	93,672.08		9,024.54	$	10.38
Q4				1.25	%	$	94,842.98	$	10,000.00	$	84,842.98		8,073.01	$	10.51

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Annual ROP Fee 0.20%
CIV Before ROP Fee	2) Quarterly ROP Fee Percentage			ROP Fee		Withdrawals		CIV After Withdrawals		Units		Unit Value		3) Impact of ROP Fee
100,000.00		—			0.00	$	0.00	$	100,000.00		10,000.00	$	10.00		—
101,250.00		0.05	%		50.63	$	0.00	$	101,199.38		9,995.00	$	10.13	-$	50.63
102,464.37		0.05	%		51.23	$	10,000.00	$	92,413.14		9,014.54	$	10.25	-$	102.49
93,568.31		0.05	%		46.78	$	0.00	$	93,521.52		9,010.03	$	10.38	-$	150.56
94,690.54		0.05	%		47.35	$	10,000.00	$	84,643.19		8,054.00	$	10.51	-$	199.78

¹⁾  5% growth, applied quarterly is 1.25%

²⁾  As a quarterly percentage of Cycle Investment Value, 0.20%/4 is 0.05%

³⁾  Value with ROP Fee minus value with no ROP Fee

Cycle Investment Unit Value

For each Cycle Investment, we will establish the Cycle Investment Unit Value on the Start Date, and calculate the Cycle Investment Unit Value on each Cycle Business Day and on the Cycle End Date. The methods used to calculate the Cycle Investment Unit Value on each Cycle Business Day and on the Cycle End Date are different.

On the Start Date. For each Cycle Investment we establish an Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value at $10.00 on the Cycle Start Date.

During the Cycle Term. For each Cycle Investment, we determine the Cycle Investment Unit Value as of each Cycle Business Day based on its Fair Value and the Buffer Rate and Floor rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. In some states, pending regulatory approval(s), if any, the Proportional Cap Rate will continue to be incorporated into the Fair Value calculation for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023. See “Appendix B – State Variations.”

We have contracted with S&P Global Market Intelligence, an independent analytics firm, to be the Fair Value Calculation Agent to compute the Fair Value of a Cycle Investment Unit.

The Fair Value of a Cycle Investment is determined by the Fair Value Calculation Agent as of the end of each Cycle Business Day. The Fair Value reflects the current value of certain financial instruments. These financial instruments are intended to provide a return equal to the change in Index Value at the end of the Cycle Term subject to the Cap Rate or Participation Rate and subject to the Floor Rate or Buffer Rate. The Fair Value is based on a variety of factors considered by the Fair Value Calculation Agent, which include the change in the Index Value from the Cycle Start Date, volatility of the Index, changes in prevailing interest rates and the time remaining to the Cycle End Date. The Fair Value is determined using a formula which is based on the economic value of a hypothetical investments at the time of the valuation designed to match Cycle Investment value at the Cycle End Date. The value of each of these financial instruments is determined by the Fair Value Calculation Agent using standard financial industry calculations.

On each Business Day prior to the Cycle’s End Date, we will use the Fair Value for each Cycle, as provided by the Fair Value Calculation Agent, to calculate the Fair Value per Cycle Investment Unit outstanding. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, this value is then compared to the Cycle Investment’s Proportional Cap Rate. The Cycle Investment Unit Value for that Business Day is the lesser of the Fair Value per Cycle Investment Unit outstanding and the Cycle Investment’s Proportional Cap Rate, which is the greatest possible Cycle Investment Unit Value. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate, and the Cycle Investment Unit Value for that Business Day is the Fair Value per Cycle Investment Unit outstanding.

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See “Appendix E – Fair Value Formulas” for more detailed information about how the Fair Value Calculation Agent determines the Fair Value. See

“Appendix C – Cycle Investment Unit Value Examples” for illustrations of how Cycle Investment Unit Values are computed.

Cycle Investments do not involve an investment in any underlying portfolio of securities or financial instruments. Individuals should consult their financial professional about the risks, benefits, and other features of the Cycle Investments, and whether the Cycle Investments are appropriate based upon their financial situations and objectives. Please consider carefully the important information contained in this prospectus before investing in a Cycle Investment.

THE SUBACCOUNT INVESTMENT OPTIONS

The Subaccounts are offered through the Midland National Life Separate Account C (the “Registered Separate Account”). The Registered Separate Account is divided into Subaccounts, each of which invests exclusively in shares of one Investment Portfolio. You may allocate part or all of your premium payment to one or more Subaccounts.

A list of the Investment Portfolios currently available through the Subaccounts is set forth at the back of this prospectus in “APPENDIX A – INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS AVAILABLE UNDER THE CONTRACT ”. Appendix A also includes information about the investment types and advisers of each Investment Portfolio.

The Investment Portfolios available under the Contracts are not available for purchase directly by the general public, and are not the same as the mutual funds with very similar or nearly identical names that are sold directly to the public. However, the investment objectives and policies of the Investment Portfolios are very similar to the investment objectives and policies of other (publicly available) mutual funds that have very similar or nearly identical names and that are or may be managed by the same investment adviser or manager. Nevertheless, the investment performance and results of any of the Investment Portfolios that are available under the Contracts may be lower, or higher, than the investment results of such other (publicly available) mutual funds. There can be no assurance, and no representation is made, that the investment results of any of the available Investment Portfolios will be comparable to the investment results of any other portfolio or mutual fund, even if the other portfolio or mutual fund has the same investment adviser or manager and the same investment objectives and policies and a very similar or nearly identical name.

The Investment Portfolios offered through the Contract were selected by Midland National based on several criteria, including asset class coverage, the alignment of investment objectives of a portfolio with our hedging strategy, the strength of the manager’s reputation and tenure, brand recognition, performance, and the capability and qualification of each sponsoring investment firm. Of course, we also consider whether the portfolio’s adviser is an affiliate of ours. We also consider whether the Investment Portfolio, its adviser, sub-adviser, or distributor (or an affiliate) can provide marketing and distribution support for the sale of the policies. Another factor that we consider during the selection process is whether the Investment Portfolio or one of its service providers (e.g., the investment adviser or sub-advisers) will make payments to us or our affiliates in connection with certain administrative, marketing and support services, and the amount of any such payments, or whether affiliates of the Funds can provide marketing and distribution support for sales of the Contracts.

The Investment Portfolios, their managers, or affiliates thereof, may make payments to Midland National and/or its affiliates. These payments may be derived, in whole or in part, from the fees disclosed in the Investment Portfolios’ prospectuses including investment advisory fees, 12b-1 fees and other expenses including service fees (if applicable) charged annually by each Investment Portfolio. Owners, through their indirect investment in the

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Investment Portfolios, bear the costs of these fees. The amount of these payments may be substantial, may vary between Investment Portfolios, and generally are based on a percentage of the assets in the Investment Portfolios that are attributable to the Contracts and other variable insurance products issued by Midland National. These percentages currently range up to 0.50% annually. Midland National may use these payments for any corporate purpose, including payment of expenses that Midland National and/or its affiliates incur in promoting, issuing, marketing, and administering the Contracts, and, that we incur in our role as intermediary, in promoting and marketing the Investment Portfolios. Midland National and its affiliates may profit from these payments.

You are responsible for choosing the Subaccounts, and the amounts allocated to each, that are appropriate for your own individual circumstances and by your investment goals, financial situation, and risk tolerance. Since investment risk is borne by your decisions regarding investment allocations should be carefully considered and periodically re-evaluated.

Other Investment Portfolios (or available classes) may have lower fees and better overall investment performance.

In making your investment selections, we encourage you to thoroughly investigate all of the information regarding the Investment Portfolios that are available to you, including each Investment Portfolio’s prospectus, statement of additional information and annual and semi-annual reports. Other sources such as the fund company’s website or newspapers and financial and other magazines provide more current information, including information about any regulatory actions or investigations relating to an Investment Portfolio. You should monitor and periodically re-evaluate your allocations to determine if they are still appropriate.

You bear the entire risk for the allocation of your premiums and Accumulation Value among the Investment Options whether or not you use the service of an adviser. We are not responsible for any investment or other advice or services that you may receive.

You bear the risk of any decline in the Accumulation Value of your Contract resulting from the performance of the Investment Options you have chosen.

We do not recommend or endorse any particular Investment Portfolio or Portfolios and we do not provide investment advice.

Availability of the Investment Portfolios

We cannot guarantee that each Investment Portfolio will always be available for investment through the Contracts.

We reserve the right, subject to applicable law, to make additions to, deletions from, or substitutions for the shares of an Investment Portfolio that are held in the Registered Separate Account. New or substitute Investment Portfolios may have different fees and expenses and their availability may be limited to certain classes of purchasers. If the shares of an Investment Portfolio are no longer available for investment or if, in our judgment, further investment in any portfolio should become inappropriate, we may redeem the shares of that Investment Portfolio and substitute shares of another Investment Portfolio. We will not substitute any shares without notice and prior approval of the SEC and state insurance authorities, to the extent required by the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or other applicable law.

Your Accumulation Value (Contract Value allocated to the Subaccounts)

Your Accumulation Value is the sum of the amounts you have invested in the Subaccounts. Your Accumulation Value will vary daily to reflect the investment performance of the Investment Portfolios you select, any premium

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payments, partial withdrawals, surrenders, and charges assessed in connection with the Contract and any optional benefit riders you select. Transaction charges are made on the effective date of the transaction. Charges against the Subaccounts for the Separate Account Annual Expense charge are reflected daily. Charges against the Subaccounts for any optional benefit riders you select are deducted at the end of each calendar quarter.

There is no guaranteed minimum Accumulation Value for amounts allocated to the Subaccounts. You bear the investment risk. An Subaccount’s performance will cause your Accumulation Value to go up or down each Valuation Period.

Accumulation Units

The amount you invest in each Subaccount is represented by the value of the Accumulation Unit Value times the number of Accumulation Units credited to you. Premium payments allocated to and Accumulation Value transferred to an Subaccount are used to purchase Accumulation Units. Accumulation Units are sold or redeemed when you make a surrender, partial withdrawal or transfer amounts from a Subaccount to a Cycle Investment, and to purchase an Annuity Option or pay the Death Benefit when the Owner dies. We also redeem units to pay Transaction Expenses. See the “Fee Table” for more information about Transaction Expenses.

We calculate the number of Accumulation Units purchased or redeemed in a Subaccount by dividing the dollar amount of the transaction by the Subaccount’s Accumulation Unit Value at the end of the day, if it is a Business Day. If it is not a Business Day, we will use the Accumulation Unit Value on the next Business Day. The number of Accumulation Units credited to you will not vary because of changes in Accumulation Unit Values.

The Accumulation Units of each Subaccount will have different Accumulation Unit Values. We determine Accumulation Unit Values for the Subaccounts at the end of each Business Day. The Accumulation Unit Value for each Subaccount is initially set at $10.00.

Accumulation Unit Values fluctuate with the investment performance of the corresponding portfolios. Accumulation Unit Values reflect investment income, the Investment Portfolios’ realized and unrealized capital gains and losses, and the Investment Portfolios’ expenses. The Accumulation Unit Values also reflect the daily asset charges we deduct from your Subaccount Accumulation Value currently at an effective annual rate of 1.15% for the Separate Account Annual Expense charge and quarterly asset charges we deduct from your Subaccount Accumulation Value for any optional benefit riders you select. Additional information about the Accumulation Unit Values is contained in the SAI.

Transfers of Accumulation Value

You generally may transfer amounts among the Subaccounts prior to Maturity Date, unless otherwise noted. The minimum amount that may be transferred in a single day is $100 or 100% of the Contract Value allocated to the Subaccount if less than $100. The minimum amount may come from or be transferred to more than one Subaccount. Completed transfer requests received at our Customer Service Center in Good Order before the New York Stock Exchange closes for regular trading (usually 3:00 p.m. Central Time) are priced at the Accumulation Unit Value determined at the close of that Valuation Period. If we receive your completed transfer request in Good Order after the close of a Valuation Period, we will process the transfer request at the Accumulation Unit Value determined at the close of the next Valuation Period.

For information regarding telephone or facsimile requests, see “Administrative Procedures”. Transfers may be delayed under certain circumstances. See “Payment of Contract Proceeds”. We currently do not charge for transfers between Subaccounts, but reserve the right to charge $15 per transfer for transfers in excess of 15 per Contract year. If assessed, this charge will be deducted from the amount that is transferred prior to the allocation to a different Subaccount. The fee is waived for transfers in connection with active Dollar Cost Averaging or automatic rebalancing programs.

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To the extent permitted by applicable law, we reserve the right to eliminate and/or restrict the transfer privilege in any manner we deem appropriate for some, all or specific Owners on a non-discriminatory basis.

This transfer discussion applies only to transfers to and from the Subaccounts.

Transfer Limitations

Frequent, large, programmed or short-term transfers among Subaccounts, such as those associated with “market timing” transactions, can adversely affect the Investment Portfolios and the returns achieved by Owners. In particular, such transfers may dilute the value of the Investment Portfolios’ shares, interfere with the efficient management of the Investment Portfolios’ investments, and increase brokerage and administrative costs of the Investment Portfolios. In order to try to protect our Owners and the Investment Portfolios from potentially harmful trading activity, We have implemented certain market timing and excessive trading policies and procedures (the “Market Timing Procedures”). Our Market Timing Procedures are designed to detect and prevent frequent or short-term transfer activity among the Subaccounts that may adversely affect other Owners or Investment Portfolio shareholders.

More specifically, currently our Market Timing Procedures are intended to detect potentially harmful trading or transfer activity by monitoring for excessive trading. We currently define excessive trading as:

• More than one purchase and sale of the same Subaccount within a 60-calendar day period, commonly referred to as a “round trip”. Two or more “round trips” involving the same Subaccount within a 60-calendar day period is considered excessive trading.

• Six round-trips involving the same Subaccount within a twelve month period.

We will review transfer requests, daily blotters, and transaction logs in an attempt to identify transfers that exceed these transfer parameters. We will review those transfers (and other transfers in the same Contract) to determine if, in our judgment, the transfers are part of a market timing strategy or otherwise have the potential to be harmful. We will honor and process the second transfer request, but if we believe that the activity is potentially harmful, we will suspend that Contract’s transfer privileges and we will not accept another transfer request telephonically or electronically (fax, internet, etc.) for 14 Business Days. We will attempt to inform the Owner (or registered representative) by telephone that their transfers have been deemed potentially harmful to others and that their telephone and electronic transfer privilege is suspended for 14 days. If we do not succeed in reaching the Owner or registered representative by phone, we will send a letter by first class mail to the Owner’s address of record.

We reserve the right to apply our market timing procedures to all Subaccounts available under the Contract, including Subaccounts that invest in Investment Portfolios that affirmatively permit frequent and short-term trading in other variable annuity Contracts offered by us or other insurance companies. Therefore, if you allocate premiums or your Accumulation Value to such a Subaccount, you may indirectly bear the effects of market timing or other frequent trading. These Investment Portfolios might not be appropriate for long-term investors. For a complete description of each Investment Portfolios’ trading policies, review each Investment Portfolios’ prospectus.

In addition to our own market timing procedures, managers of the Investment Portfolios might contact us if they believe or suspect that there is market timing or other potentially harmful trading, and if so we will take appropriate action to protect others. In particular, we may, and we reserve the right to, reverse a potentially harmful transfer. We will inform the relevant Owner and/or registered representative and the Owner will bear any investment loss of such reversal.

To the extent permitted by applicable law, we reserve the right to delay or reject a transfer request at any time that we are unable to purchase or redeem shares of any Investment Portfolios available through Separate Account

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C, because of any refusal or restriction on purchases or redemptions of Investment Portfolio shares on the part of the Investment Portfolio’s managers pursuant to the Investment Portfolio’s policies and procedures respecting market timing activities or other potentially abusive transfers. If this occurs, we will attempt to contact you by telephone for further instructions. If we are unable to contact you within 5 Business Days after We have been advised that your transfer request has been refused or delayed by the Investment Portfolio manager, the amount intended for transfer will be retained in or returned to the originating Subaccount. You should also be aware that as required by Rule 22c-2 under the 1940 Act, We have entered into information sharing agreements with each of the fund or trust company whose Investment Portfolios are offered through the Contract. We share your trading information under these agreements as necessary for the fund and trust companies to monitor Investment Portfolio trading and this may include personal Contract information, including names and social security numbers or other tax identification numbers. As a result of this information sharing, a fund or trust company may direct us to restrict a Contract Owner’s transactions if the fund or trust company determines that the Contract Owner violated the Investment Portfolio’s excessive/frequent trading policy. This could include the fund or trust company directing us to reject any future allocations of premium payments or transfers from a Subaccount or Cycle Investment to any Subaccount investing Investment Portfolio or all Investment Portfolios within the fund family. We are contractually obligated to comply with all restrictions imposed by the Investment Portfolios. You should read the prospectuses of the Investment Portfolios for more details on their ability to refuse or restrict purchases or redemptions of their shares.

In our sole discretion, we may revise our Market Timing Procedures at any time without prior notice as we deem necessary or appropriate to better detect and deter frequent, programmed, large, or short-term transfers that may adversely affect other Owners or Investment Portfolio shareholders, to comply with state or federal regulatory requirements, or to impose additional or alternate restrictions on market timers (such as dollar or percentage limits on transfers). We may change our parameters to monitor for a different number of transfers with different time periods, and we may include other factors such as the size of transfers made by Owners within given periods of time, as well as the number of “round trip” transfers into and out of particular Subaccounts for purposes of applying the parameters used to detect potential market timing and other potentially harmful activity. We may aggregate transfers made in two or more Contracts that We believe are connected (for example, two Contracts with the same Owner, or owned by spouses, or owned by different partnerships, trusts, or corporations that are under common control, etc.).

We do not include transfers made pursuant to the Dollar Cost Averaging program and Investment Portfolio rebalancing program in these limitations. We may vary our market timing procedures from Subaccount to Subaccount, and may be more restrictive with regard to certain Subaccounts than others. We may choose not to apply these detection methods to Subaccounts investing in Investment Portfolios that, in our judgment, would not be particularly attractive to market timers or otherwise susceptible to harm by frequent transfers.

We reserve the right to place restrictions on the methods of implementing transfers for all Owners that we believe might otherwise engage in trading activity that is harmful to others. For example, we might only accept transfers by original “wet” Owner signature conveyed through the U.S. mail (that is, we can refuse transfer requests submitted by phone, facsimile, e-mail or by any other electronic means, or overnight courier service). We also reserve the right to implement and administer redemption fees imposed by one or more of the Investment Portfolios in the future.

Contract Owners seeking to engage in frequent, programmed, large, or short-term transfer activity may deploy a variety of strategies to avoid detection. Our ability to detect and deter such transfer activity is limited by operational systems and technological limitations. In addition, the terms of the Contract may also limit our ability to restrict or deter harmful transfers. Furthermore, the identification of Owners determined to be engaged in transfer activity that may adversely affect other Owners or Investment Portfolios’ shareholders involves judgments that are inherently subjective. Accordingly, despite our best efforts, we cannot guarantee that our Market Timing Procedures will detect every potential market timer. Some market timers may get through our controls undetected and may cause dilution in Accumulation Unit Values to others. We apply our Market Timing

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Procedures consistently to all Owners without special arrangement, waiver, or exception. We may vary our Market Timing Procedures among our other variable insurance products to account for differences in various factors, such as operational systems and Contract provisions. In addition, because other insurance companies and/or retirement plans may invest in the Investment Portfolios, we cannot guarantee that the Investment Portfolios will not suffer harm from frequent, programmed large, or short-term transfers among Subaccounts of variable policies issued by other insurance companies or among Subaccounts available to retirement plan participants.

PROCESSING SURRENDERS AND PARTIAL WITHDRAWALS – CYCLE INVESTMENT & SUBACCOUNTS

You may withdraw all or part of your Surrender Value by sending a written request to our Customer Service Center in Good Order.

The Surrender Value is the Contract Value minus any applicable surrender charge. In some states, a state premium tax charge may also be deducted. Partial withdrawals must be made in amounts of $1,000 or more (except for RMDs and systematic withdrawals described below) and cannot reduce your Contract Value to less than $1,000. If a partial withdrawal results in your Contract Value becoming less than $1,000, then the entire Surrender Value must be withdrawn. A full surrender request, regardless of the Contract Value, must be submitted in writing and accompanied by your Contract. We reserve the right to change this process at any time. For a full surrender, you must send in your Contract with your surrender request or sign a lost Contract statement.

You may request partial withdrawals up to $25,000 via telephone, four times a calendar year per Contract, provided prior written authorization has been received by our Customer Service Center. You will be required to verify personally identifiable information at the time you request a partial withdrawal. If there are joint Owners, both Owners must be on the telephone at the time of request.

Telephone authorization will remain in effect until we receive written notification from you to terminate this authorization. If the Contract has joint Owners, both Owners are required to sign the written notification to terminate telephone authorization. We may discontinue this program at any time at our sole discretion. There are some restrictions on telephone partial withdrawals; please call our Customer Service Center with any questions.

We may record telephone calls and use other procedures to verify information and confirm that instructions are genuine. We will not be liable for losses or expenses arising from telephone instructions reasonably believed to be genuine. We reserve the right to restrict, suspend or eliminate the use of, or modify the requirements for making, telephone partial withdrawals at any time.

Any required tax withholding and surrender charges, if applicable, will be deducted from the amount paid. In addition, upon full surrender a state premium tax charge, if applicable, may also be subtracted.

Completed surrender or partial withdrawal requests received in Good Order at our Customer Service Center before the New York Stock Exchange closes for regular trading (usually 3:00 p.m. Central Time) are priced at the Accumulation Unit Value and Cycle Investment Unit Value determined at the close of that regular trading session of the New York Stock Exchange. If we receive your completed surrender or partial withdrawal request in Good Order after the close of a Valuation Period, we will process the surrender request at the unit value determined at the close of the next Valuation Period.

We will generally pay the surrender or partial withdrawal amount within seven days after we receive a properly completed surrender or partial withdrawal request in Good Order. See “Administrative Procedures” later in this prospectus. We may defer payment for more than seven days when:

• trading on the New York Stock Exchange is restricted as defined by the SEC;

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• the New York Stock Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closing);

• an emergency exists or if for any reason it is not reasonably practicable to dispose of or fairly value the securities held in an Investment Option;

• for such other periods as the SEC may by order permit for the protection of Owners; or

• your premium check has not cleared your bank. See “Payment of Contract Proceeds”.

If we defer payment for 30 or more days, then during the period of deferment, we will pay interest at the rate required by the jurisdiction in which this Contract is delivered.

Unless you specify otherwise, your partial withdrawal will be deducted from all Subaccounts in the same proportion as your Contract Value bears to each Subaccount. If your Accumulation Value is insufficient to fulfill your withdrawal request and your withdrawal request does not specifically instruct us to deduct the withdrawal from the Cycle Investment(s), we will consider the withdrawal request to be not in Good Order and we will not process the withdrawal request.

Withdrawals from Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date is determined by Cycle Investment Unit Value, which is based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply). If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower.

Surrenders and partial withdrawals will generally have Federal income tax consequences that can include income tax penalties and tax withholding. Surrenders and partial withdrawals may be restricted under certain qualified Contracts. You should consult with and rely on your tax advisor before making a surrender or partial withdrawal. See “FEDERAL TAX STATUS” later in the prospectus.

BENEFITS UNDER THE CONTRACT

The following table summarizes information about the benefits available under the Contract.

Name of Benefit	Purpose	Is Benefit Standard or Optional	Maximum Fee	Brief Description of Restrictions / Limitations
Systematic Withdrawal Program	Allows you to set up an automatic payment of up to 10% of your total premium payments each year	Standard	No Charge	•  Each payment must be at least $100 (unless we consent otherwise) •  Subject to any applicable income taxes, including a possible 10% federal tax penalty if taken before age 591/2.

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Name of Benefit	Purpose	Is Benefit Standard or Optional	Maximum Fee	Brief Description of Restrictions / Limitations
Dollar Cost Averaging (“DCA”) Program	Allows you to systematically transfer a set amount each month from a Subaccount to other available Subaccounts	Standard	No Charge	•  Your Accumulation Value must be at least $10,000 to initiate the DCA program. •  The minimum amount that you may transfer monthly is $100, quarterly is $300, and semi- annually is $600 and annually is $1,200. •  Not available during the Free Look Period. Not available if you elect Portfolio Rebalancing •  Transfers only available among Subaccounts – Cycle Investments are not eligible
Portfolio Rebalancing Program	Allows us to automatically rebalance your Accumulation Value to return to your original percentage allocations	Standard	No Charge	•  Your Accumulation Value must be at least $10,000 to initiate the program. •  We will terminate the program if you direct any subsequent reallocation, contribution or partial withdrawal on other than a pro- rata basis. •  We reserve the right to end the portfolio rebalancing program by sending you one month’s notice. You may not elect Portfolio Rebalancing if you have an active DCA program. •  Not available if you elect DCA •  Transfers only available among Subaccounts – Cycle Investments are not eligible
Standard Death Benefit	Pays your beneficiary your Contract Value	Standard	No Charge	•  Terminates upon the Maturity Date
Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider	Pays your beneficiary the greater of (i) your Contract Value or (ii) your total premium payments, adjusted for withdrawals	Optional	0.20% (as an annualized percentage of Contract Value)	•  Only available at Contract issue. If you purchased your Contract prior to November 13, 2023, this benefit is not available. •  Only available at Issue Ages 0-75

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Name of Benefit	Purpose	Is Benefit Standard or Optional	Maximum Fee	Brief Description of Restrictions / Limitations
				•  Not available in all states. •  Cannot be voluntarily terminated •  Withdrawals will reduce the value of the benefit in the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Contract Value, which may be more than the amount withdrawn.
Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider	Increases your Free Withdrawal Amount to 100% of your Contract Value	Optional	0.30% (as an annualized percentage of Contract Value)	•  Only available at Contract issue. If you purchased your Contract prior to November 13, 2023, this benefit is not available. •  Not available in all states. •  Cannot be voluntarily terminated

Systematic Withdrawals

The systematic withdrawal feature allows you to have a portion of your Contract Value withdrawn automatically. For example, you may elect to have $500 withdrawn from your Contract Value automatically every month.

These withdrawals occur only: (1) while the Owner is living, (2) before the Maturity Date, and (3) after the Free Look Period. You may elect this option by sending a properly completed service form to our Customer Service Center. You may designate the systematic withdrawal amount and the frequency of the systematic withdrawals, which may be monthly, quarterly, semi-annually or annually. See your Contract for details on systematic withdrawal options and when each begins.

Systemic Withdrawals will be taken pro-rata from your Subaccounts only. Once the Subaccounts’ Accumulation Value is exhausted, the Systematic Withdrawals will terminate. If the contract owner wishes to continue Systematic Withdrawals, he/she will have to contact us to set up a new Systematic Withdrawal program for the Cycle Investments and then will be taken pro-rata from your Cycle Investments. The Cycle Investment Unit Value prior to the Cycle End Date is based on the Fair Value of the Cycle, Prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply). If you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if

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you waited until the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. You should consult with a financial professional before taking Systematic Withdrawals from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date.

If the New York Stock Exchange is closed for regular trading on the day when the withdrawal is to be made, then we will process your withdrawal at the Accumulation Unit Value and/or Cycle Investment Unit Value determined at the close of the next Valuation Period.

You can stop or modify the systematic withdrawals by sending us a Written Notice. A proper Written Notice must include the consent of any effective assignee or irrevocable Beneficiary, if applicable.

Each systematic withdrawal must be at least $100. Each request for withdrawal amounts of less than $100 will be reviewed on a case- by-case basis. We reserve the right to change the frequency of payments or discontinue payments if the payment is less than $100. Upon payment, we reduce your Contract Value by an amount equal to the payment proceeds. In no event will the payment of a systematic withdrawal exceed the Surrender Value. The Contract will automatically terminate if a systematic withdrawal causes the Contract’s Surrender Value to equal zero.

To the extent, if any, that there is gain in the Contract, systematic withdrawals generally are included in the Owner’s gross income for tax purposes (as ordinary income) in the year in which the withdrawal occurs, and may be subject to a penalty tax of 10% before age 59¹/₂. Additional terms and conditions for the systematic withdrawal program are set forth in your Contract and in the application for the program.

Dollar Cost Averaging (DCA)

The Dollar Cost Averaging (DCA) program enables you to make monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual transfers of a predetermined dollar amount from the DCA source account into one or more of the Subaccounts.

For example, you can instruct us to transfer $1,000 on the first of each month to an Investment Portfolio that you have selected. Hypothetically, the $1,000 allocation may have bought 50 Accumulation Units of the Investment Portfolio in January, 65 Accumulation Units in February, and 45 Accumulation Units in March. In these three months, you allocated $3,000 to the Investment Portfolio which has resulted in 160 Accumulation Units. The value of each Accumulation Unit is an average of the three values used at the time of allocation. If you had allocated the entire $3,000 at one time, the total value might be higher or lower.

You may elect the DCA program on a monthly, quarterly, semi-annual or annual basis. Your Accumulation Value must be at least $10,000 to initiate the DCA program. The minimum amount that you may transfer monthly using DCA is $100, quarterly is $300, semi-annually is $600 and annually is $1,200.

You may select any Subaccount as the source account. The source account must have a minimum beginning balance of $1,200. The DCA program may reduce the impact of market fluctuations by allocating Accumulation Value to Subaccounts over time. The DCA program does not ensure a profit nor protect against a loss in declining markets.

You may elect only one DCA program at any time. You must complete the proper request form and send it (in Good Order) to our Customer Service Center. The minimum amount of time at set-up is 3 months. There is no maximum set-up time limit. We reserve the right to limit or change the minimum and maximum timeframes for the DCA program. You may qualify to begin a DCA program by paying a premium with the DCA request form, allocating premiums, or transferring amounts to the DCA source account. The DCA request form will specify:

• the DCA source Subaccount from which transfers will be made,

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• the total monthly amount to be transferred to the other Subaccount(s), and

• how that monthly amount is to be allocated among the Subaccounts.

Once you elect DCA, you may allocate additional premium payments to the DCA source Subaccount by sending them in with a DCA request form or written instructions. Any premium payments received while the DCA program is in effect will be allocated using the allocation percentages from the DCA request form, unless you specify otherwise. All amounts in the DCA source Subaccount will be available for transfer under the DCA program.

If requested at issue, the DCA will start on the same day of the month as the Issue Date in the second Contract Month. If requested after issue, it will start on the same day of the month as the Issue Date during Contract Month after the request is received. The DCA is not available until the end of the Free Look Period.

You may stop the DCA program at any time by sending us Written Notice. The DCA program will automatically terminate when the source Subaccount does not have sufficient Accumulation Value to fund the DCA transfers. We reserve the right to end the DCA program by sending you one month’s notice. You may not elect a DCA program together with a Portfolio Rebalancing program.

We do not charge any specific fees to participate in a DCA program.

The DCA applies only to the Subaccounts. It is not available for the Cycle Investment Options.

Portfolio Rebalancing

If you elect the Portfolio Rebalancing program, we will automatically reset your Accumulation Value allocated to each Subaccount to percentage levels that you request. If you elect this option, we will transfer amounts among the Subaccounts necessary to “rebalance” the Accumulation Value to your specified percentages. You may direct us to perform the rebalancing on a quarterly, semi-annual, or annual basis.

For example, assume that you want your initial premium payment split between two Investment Portfolios. You want 40% in Investment Portfolio A and 60% in Investment Portfolio B. Hypothetically, over the next 2¹/₂ months “A” does very well while “B” performs poorly. At the end of the first quarter, “A” now represents 50% of your holdings because of its increase in value. If you have chosen to have your holdings rebalanced quarterly, on the first day of the next quarter, we will sell some of your units in “A” to bring its value back to 40% and use the money to buy more units in “B” to increase those holdings to 60%.

Portfolio rebalancing will occur on the same day of the month as the Issue Date. If the rebalance date does not fall on a Business Day, the rebalancing will be processed on the next Business Day. If you do not select a rebalancing period, we will rebalance your Subaccounts on a quarterly basis. Rebalancing will be based on your most recent investment directions.

Portfolio rebalancing may result in transferring amounts from a Subaccount earning a relatively high return to one earning a relatively low return. Your Accumulation Value must be at least $10,000 to initiate a portfolio rebalancing program. Contact us at our Customer Service Center to elect the portfolio rebalancing program.

Portfolio rebalancing will remain in effect until we receive your written termination request. We will also terminate the program if you direct any subsequent reallocation, contribution or partial withdrawal on other than a pro-rata basis. We reserve the right to end the portfolio rebalancing program by sending you one month’s notice. You may not elect portfolio rebalancing if you have an active DCA program.

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There is no charge for portfolio rebalancing transfers, and rebalancing transfers do not count towards your transfer limits. Portfolio rebalancing applies only to the Subaccounts. It is not available or the Cycle Investment options.

Death Benefit

If an Owner dies before the Maturity Date and while the Contract is still in force, we will pay a Death Benefit to your designated Beneficiary. The amount of the Death Benefit will be determined as of the Business Day that our Customer Service Center receives the required documentation in Good Order. It is payable on receipt in Good Order (at our Customer Service Center) of satisfactory proof of the Owner’s death, an election of how the Death Benefit is to be paid, and any other required documents or forms. Payment of the Death Benefit is not subject to the Surrender Charge.

The Contract offers a standard Death Benefit, the Contract Value Death Benefit, at no additional charge. When you purchase the Contract, you may select the optional Return of Premium Death Benefit for an additional charge if the oldest Owner is younger than Issue Age 76. The Return of Premium Death Benefit is not available in all states. See “Appendix B: State Variations.”

The Contract Value Death Benefit will equal the Contract Value as of the Business Day that the Death Benefit is determined. For example, if your Contract Value is $100,000 on the date of death, September 1st, and declines to $90,000 on September 10th, which is the date that our Customer Service Center receives the required documentation in Good Order, your Death Benefit will equal $90,000.

The Return of Premium Death Benefit will equal the greater of (i) the Contract Value, or (ii) the sum of your initial premium payment plus any subsequent premium payments, less an adjustment for each withdrawal. The adjustment for withdrawals will reduce the Death Benefit by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Contract Value, calculated as follows:

Death Benefit after withdrawal = Death Benefit before withdrawal * (1 – [withdrawal amount] / [Contract Value before withdrawal])

If the value of the Return of Premium Death Benefit is greater than the Contract Value at the time of the withdrawal, then the Death Benefit will be reduced by an amount greater than the amount withdrawn.

For example, assume you purchase the Contract with an initial premium payment of $100,000 and make $10,000 in additional premium payments. If you requested a $15,000 withdrawal at a time when the Contract Value is $95,000, the Return of Premium Death Benefit would be reduced from $110,000 to $92,631.58 or a reduction of the Return of Premium Death Benefit by $17,360.42, which is more than the $15,000 amount withdrawn. Alternatively, if you requested a $15,000 withdrawal at a time when the Contract Value is $130,000, the Return of Premium Death Benefit would be reduced from $110,000 to $97,307.69 or a reduction of the Return of Premium Death Benefit by $12,692.31, which is less than the $15,000 amount withdrawn. In each case, if the Contract Value is greater than the Return of Premium Death Benefit on the date the Death Benefit is determined, your Death Benefit will equal the Contract Value.

We assess a charge for the Return of Premium Death Benefit at the end of each calendar quarter at an annual rate of 0.20% of the Contract Value. This charge is deducted pro-rata across all investments, including the Cycle Investments and the Default Account. Charges deducted from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date are based on the Fair Value calculation. If a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the

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Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if the deduction was taken on the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. These charge deductions will also reduce your Contract Value. The charge will continue to be deducted for the life of the Contract, and you cannot voluntarily terminate the Return of Premium Death Benefit without surrendering or annuitizing your Contract. It is possible that the Return of Premium Death Benefit will be no greater than the Contract Value Death Benefit. There is a risk that any financial return provided by the Return of Premium Death Benefit will ultimately be less than the amount you paid for the benefit.

Any death benefit payment or optional benefit charge deduction attributable to the Cycle Investments and paid prior to the Cycle End Date will be based on the Cycle Investment Unit Value, which is based on the Fair Value provided by the Fair Value Calculation Agent, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. This Fair Value calculation means that before the Cycle End Date, if the Index is performing positively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect lower gains than on the Cycle End Date (which could be further reduced by the Proportional Cap, if applicable), and, if the Index is performing negatively, your Cycle Investment Unit Value could reflect higher losses than on the Cycle End Date (because the Floor and Buffer Rates do not apply).

Designation of your Beneficiary. You name one or more Beneficiaries in your Contract application. A Beneficiary is revocable unless otherwise stated in the Beneficiary designation. You may change a revocable Beneficiary during your lifetime. We must receive a Written Notice (signed and dated) informing us of the change. Upon receipt and acceptance at our Customer Service Center, a change takes effect as of the date that the Written Notice is recorded by us. We will not be liable for any payment made before we receive and accept a Written Notice to change your Beneficiary.

If no primary Beneficiary is living when the Owner dies, the Death Benefit will be paid to the contingent Beneficiary, if any. If no Beneficiary is living when the Owner dies, then we will pay the Death Benefit to the Owner’s estate. If the sole Beneficiary is not the spouse, the surviving joint Owner will be the designated primary Beneficiary and any other Beneficiaries on record will be treated as contingent Beneficiaries.

For non-qualified Contracts, if an Owner dies prior to the Maturity Date, then the Death Benefit must be paid within 5 years of the Owner’s death (other than amounts payable to, or for the benefit of, the surviving spouse of the Owner). For joint Owners the Death Benefit is paid upon the first death.

If you name your spouse as the Beneficiary and the spouse (1) was married to the deceased Owner, as recognized by Federal law, as of the date of the deceased Owner’s death, and (2) is the sole primary Beneficiary, your surviving spouse may choose to continue the Contract, which will then be treated as his/her own Contract. If your spouse chooses to continue the Contract under spousal continuance, by current company practice they will receive the Death Benefit. This amount would be allocated among Investment Options in accordance with the current allocations for the Contract and may be, under certain circumstances, considered earnings. If you selected one or both of the optional benefit riders available for an additional charge when you purchased your Contract and your spouse chooses to continue the Contract under spousal continuance, the optional benefit rider(s) will terminate and the charge(s) for the optional benefit rider(s) will no longer be deducted under the continued Contract. The Death Benefit under the continued Contract will be the standard Contract Value Death Benefit. All Surrender Charges are waived under the continued Contract.

If the sole Beneficiary is not the spouse, the surviving joint Owner, if any, will be the designated primary Beneficiary and any other Beneficiaries on record will be treated as contingent Beneficiaries.

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Under a non-qualified Contract, when a Death Benefit is paid on the death of an Owner or a joint Owner and a payment option is selected, the payment option must be an annuity for the life of the Payee or for a period extending no longer than the Payee’s life expectancy, and payments must begin within one year of the date of death. In certain circumstances, required minimum distribution rules for qualified Contracts may require the Death Benefit to be paid out within ten years. See “Federal Tax Status” for more information later in this prospectus.

If there are multiple Beneficiaries, each Beneficiary will receive their proportional share of the Death Benefit proceeds as of the date we receive an election of how that Beneficiary’s portion of the Death Benefit is to be paid (or if later, when all Good Order requirements are met). Payments will include interest to the extent required by law.

After the date on which we receive an original death certificate or a copy of the death certificate via facsimile, the Beneficiary has the option of transferring the Accumulation Value to a short-term Investment Option(s) before the date on which the first complete Death Benefit claim is received. If there are multiple Beneficiaries then they all must join in such a transfer request or the Company will not be able to honor the request.

If the Owner dies on or after income payments have begun, then any remaining amounts, must be paid at least as rapidly as the benefits were being paid at the time of the Owner’s death. Other rules relating to distributions at death apply to Qualified Contracts.

If any Owner is a non-natural person, the Death Benefit is paid upon the death of the Annuitant.

If joint Owners die within 24 hours of one another, they are considered to have died simultaneously and the eldest is presumed to have died first.

Naming different persons as Owner and Annuitant can affect whether the Death Benefit is payable, the amount of the benefit, and who will receive it. Use care when naming Owners, Annuitants, and beneficiaries, and consult your registered representative if you have questions. State premium taxes may be deducted from the Death Benefit proceeds.

Every state has unclaimed property laws which generally declare annuity contracts to be abandoned after a period of inactivity of 3 to 5 years from the Contract’s Maturity Date or date the Death Benefit is due and payable. For example, if the payment of a Death Benefit has been triggered, but, if after a thorough search, we are still unable to locate the Beneficiary of the Death Benefit, or the Beneficiary does not come forward to claim the Death Benefit in a timely manner, the Death Benefit will be paid to the abandoned property division or unclaimed property office of the state in which the Beneficiary or the Owner last resided, as shown on our books and records, or to our state of domicile. This “escheatment” is revocable, however, and the state is obligated to pay the Death Benefit (without interest) if your Beneficiary steps forward to claim the Death Benefit with the proper documentation. To prevent such escheatment, it is important that you update your Beneficiary designations, including full names and complete addresses, if and as they change. Such updates should be communicated in writing, by telephone, or other approved electronic means at our Customer Service Center.

Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider

When you purchase the Contract, you may select the optional Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider for an additional charge. This benefit increases your free withdrawal amount to 100% of your Contract Value. This means that we will never assess a Surrender Charge when you take a withdrawal or surrender the Contract.

For example, if you purchase the Contract with an initial premium payment of $100,000 and request a $50,000 withdrawal in the first Contract Year, you will not be subject to the $3,200 Surrender Charge that would otherwise have applied.

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We assess the charge for this benefit at the end of each calendar quarter at an annual rate of 0.30% of the Contract Value. The charge is deducted pro-rata across all investments, including the Cycle Investments and the Default Account. Charges deducted from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date are based on the Fair Value calculation. Charges deducted from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date are based on the Fair Value calculation. If a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if the deduction was taken on the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. These charge deductions will reduce your Contract Value. The charge will continue to be deducted for the life of the Contract, which over time will reduce any savings provided by the benefit, and you cannot voluntarily terminate the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider without surrendering or annuitizing your Contract. If you purchase the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider and do not take withdrawals that would otherwise have been subject to a Surrender Charge, you will have paid for the benefit without realizing any financial savings provided by the benefit. There is a risk that any financial savings provided by the benefit will ultimately be less than the amount you paid for the benefit.

Example 1: For comparison, the tables below show the impact of electing the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider to a contract that is identical, except the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider was not elected. This example assumes a $50,000 withdrawal is taken at the end of year 3 and reflects the difference between paying surrender charges (without the rider) versus paying the rider fee and having the surrender charges waived (with the rider) while taking the same schedule of withdrawal.

Single Contract					Without Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider						With Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider
Year	Premium		Withdrawals		1) Contract Value (CV)		2) Surrender Charge $		Net Withdrawal Amount		CV Before Rider Fee		CV After Rider Fee		3) Rider Fee $		Net Withdrawal Amount
0	$	100,000.00	$	0.00	$	100,000.00	$	0.00	$	0.00		100,000.00		100,000.00		0.00	$	0.00
1			$	0.00	$	105,000.00	$	0.00	$	0.00		105,000.00		104,685.00		315.00	$	0.00
2			$	0.00	$	110,250.00	$	0.00	$	0.00		109,919.25		109,589.49		329.76	$	0.00
3			$	50,000.00	$	115,762.50	$	2,400.00	$	47,600.00		115,068.97		114,723.76		345.21	$	50,000.00
4			$	0.00	$	69,050.63	$	0.00	$	0.00		67,959.95		67,756.07		203.88	$	0.00
5			$	0.00	$	72,503.16	$	0.00	$	0.00		71,143.87		70,930.44		213.43	$	0.00
6			$	0.00	$	76,128.31	$	0.00	$	0.00		74,476.96		74,253.53		223.43	$	0.00
Totals			$	50,000.00			$	2,400.00	$	47,600.00					$	1,630.71	$	50,000.00

¹⁾  Contract Value grows at 5% annually.

²⁾  Surrender Charge is Withdrawal less Free Withdrawal Amount times the Surrender Charge percent. Surrender Charge schedule is 8%,7%,6%, 5%, 4%,3%,0%, applied to each premium payment.

³⁾  0.30% fee as a percentage of Contract Value.

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Example 2: This example assumes instead that no withdrawals are taken during the surrender charge period.

Single Contract			Without Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider		With Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider
Year	Premium		1) Contract Value (CV)		CV Before Rider Fee		CV After Rider Fee		2) Rider Fee $
0	$	100,000.00	$	100,000.00	$	100,000.00	$	100,000.00	$	0.00
1			$	105,000.00	$	105,000.00	$	104,685.00	$	315.00
2			$	110,250.00	$	109,919.25	$	109,589.49	$	329.76
3			$	115,762.50	$	115,068.97	$	114,723.76	$	345.21
4			$	121,550.63	$	120,459.95	$	120,098.57	$	361.38
5			$	127,628.16	$	126,103.50	$	125,725.19	$	378.31
6			$	134,009.56	$	132,011.45	$	131,615.41	$	396.03
Totals									$	2,125.69

¹⁾  Contract Value grows at 5% annually.

²⁾  0.30% fee as a percentage of Contract Value

The Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider is not available in all states. See “Appendix B: State Variations.”

CHARGES, FEES AND DEDUCTIONS

Transaction Expenses

Surrender Charge. The Surrender Charge is calculated as a percentage of the premium payment being partially or fully withdrawn in excess of the Free Withdrawal Amount available at the time of the Withdrawal. Withdrawals are taken first from premium payments, then from earnings. The Surrender Charge applies to each premium payment on a First-In, First-Out (FIFO) basis.

The Surrender Charge percentage varies with the number of years that have elapsed since the premium payment according to the following schedule:

Years since Premium payment	Surrender Charge (%)
0		8	%
1		7	%
2		6	%
3		5	%
4		4	%
5		3	%
6+		0	%

No surrender charge will be assessed upon:

(a) payment of Death Benefits;

(b) exercise of the Right to Cancel (i.e., during the Free Look Period);

(c) withdrawal less than or equal to the Free Withdrawal Amount;

(d) application of Contract Value to an annuity payment option after the 1st Contract Year (i.e., annuitization); and

(e) spousal continuation of the Contract following the death of the original Owner.

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The Free Withdrawal Amount is the amount of premium payment available for withdrawal without incurring a Surrender Charge. During the first Contract Year, the Free Withdrawal Amount is equal to the RMD, if applicable. Beginning the second Contract Year, the Free Withdrawal Amount is the amount of premium payment available for withdrawal without incurring a Surrender Charge. The Free Withdrawal Amount equals the Remaining Premium payments six years or older (i.e., no longer subject to surrender charges) plus 10% of the Remaining Premium payments less than six years old (i.e., subject to surrender charges) at the beginning of the Contract year, or the RMD, if greater. Like the Surrender Charge, premium payments are considered to have been withdrawn in the order in which they were received (i.e., first in, first out). If you select the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider, the Free Withdrawal Amount is 100% of your Contract Value.

The Surrender Value cannot be greater than the Contract Value, but in no event will it be less than the minimum required by the laws of the state in which this Contract is delivered. At the time of withdrawal, if your Contract Value is less than your Remaining Premium, the surrender charge will still be assessed (measured by) against the full Remaining Premium amount.

Amounts withdrawn under the Contract to comply with IRS minimum distribution rules and paid under a life expectancy option will not be subject to a surrender charge. The free withdrawal provision pertaining to the IRS minimum distribution will be calculated solely on the Contract Value of this Contract. Amounts withdrawn to comply with IRS minimum distribution rules will reduce the amount available under the Free Withdrawal Amount.

The Surrender Charge compensates the Company for distribution charges that otherwise would have been deducted through the end of the year.

Surrender Charges deducted from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date are based on the Fair Value calculation. Charges deducted from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date are based on the Fair Value calculation. If a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if the deduction was taken on the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. These charge deductions will reduce your Contract Value.

Transfer Fee. We reserve the right to charge $15 per transfer for transfers among Subaccounts and between Subaccounts and Cycle Investments in excess of 15 per Contract year. We do not currently assess this fee. If assessed, this fee will be deducted from the amount that is transferred prior to the allocation to the new Investment Option. The fee is waived for transfers in connection with active DCA or automatic rebalancing programs. We will not charge for any transfers of initial or additional premium payments that include allocation instructions for the next Cycle Start Date.

Transfer fees deducted from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date are based on the Fair Value calculation. Charges deducted from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date are based on the Fair Value calculation. If a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if the deduction was taken on the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. These charge deductions will reduce your Contract Value.

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Annual Contract Expenses

Separate Account Annual Expenses. We call this charge the Base Contract Expenses in the “Important Information You Should Consider About the Contract” and the “Fee Table” sections earlier in this prospectus.

The Separate Account Annual Expenses are composed of a mortality and expense risk charge currently assessed at an annual rate of 0.80% and an administrative fee currently assessed at an annual rate of 0.35% of your Accumulation Value. We deduct the charges on a daily basis through the calculation of the Accumulation Unit Value of the Subaccounts including the Default Account. This charge is not applied to Contract Value in the Cycle Investments.

The mortality risk we bear arises, in part, from our obligation to make monthly annuity payments regardless of how long the Annuitant or any individual may live. These payments are guaranteed in accordance with the annuity tables and other provisions contained in your Contract. This assures you that neither the longevity of the Annuitant, nor an unanticipated improvement in general life expectancy, will have any adverse effect on the monthly annuity payments the Annuitant will receive under the Contract. Our obligation, therefore, relieves the Annuitant from the risk that he or she will outlive the funds accumulated for retirement. We also assume the risk that other expense charges may be insufficient to cover the actual expenses we incur. The administration fee covers record keeping and other expenses we incur maintaining the Contracts.

We guarantee the Separate Account Annual Expenses will never exceed 1.15%. We expect to profit from these charges and may use the profit for any purpose including paying distribution expenses.

Investment Portfolio Charges

The Investment Portfolios impose management fees and other charges that are deducted from Investment Portfolio assets. The fees and expenses assessed by each Investment Portfolio will vary. See the Investment Portfolio prospectus for more information.

If an Investment Portfolio imposes liquidity fee or redemption fee on certain transactions (pursuant to SEC rules 2a-7 and 22c-2 under the Investment Company Act of 1940), the fee will be passed through and charged to the applicable Owner.

Optional Benefit Rider Charges

If you select one or more optional benefit riders available for an additional charge, we deduct the charge(s) for the benefit(s) at the end of each calendar quarter. The charge(s) is deducted pro-rata across all investments, including the Cycle Investments and the Default Account. The charge(s) will continue to be deducted for the life of the Contract.

Prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be based on the Fair Value, and the Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply. For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023, the Fair Value calculation will also incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate, if applicable. Cycle Investment that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 do not include a Proportional Cap Rate. Optional benefit charges deducted from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date are based on the Fair Value calculation. Charges deducted from the Cycle Investments prior to the Cycle End Date are based on the Fair Value calculation. If a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date, the number of Cycle Investment Units is reduced by the same proportion that the withdrawal reduced the Cycle Investment Value (which is based on the Fair Value). This means that if a deduction is taken to pay charges on any day prior to the Cycle End Date at a time when the Cycle Investment Value is lower than the Cycle

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Investment Value was on the Cycle Start Date, it will result in a reduction of more Cycle Investment Units than if the deduction was taken on the Cycle End Date, and this will always cause your Cycle Investment Value on the Cycle End Date to be lower. These charge deductions will reduce your Contract Value.

It is possible that the Internal Revenue Service may take the position that fees deducted for certain optional benefit riders are deemed to be taxable distributions to you. In particular, the Internal Revenue Service may treat fees deducted for the optional benefits as taxable withdrawals, which might also be subject to a tax penalty if withdrawn prior to age 59½. Although we do not believe that the fees associated or any optional benefit provided under the Contract should be treated as taxable withdrawals, you should consult your tax advisor prior to selecting any optional benefit under the Contract.

State Premium Taxes

The Company reserves the right to deduct on full surrender, death, or the Maturity Date a charge for any state premium taxes levied by a state or any other government entity. State premium taxes vary based on your state of residence and currently range from 0% to 3.5%. State premium taxes are subject to change.

Other Taxes

At the present time, we do not deduct any charges for any federal, state, or local taxes (other than state premium taxes) that we incur which may be attributable to the Registered Separate Account or to the Contracts. We reserve the right to impose a charge for any such tax.

MATURITY DATE

The Maturity Date is the date on which income payments will begin under the annuity option you have selected. The earliest possible Maturity Date under the Contract is the first Contract Anniversary at which time you may Annuitize your full Contract Value (less any state premium taxes). The maximum Maturity Date is the Contract Anniversary immediately following the Annuitant’s 115th birthday. You may change the Maturity Date to an earlier Contract anniversary by sending Written Notice to our Customer Service Center. We must receive your Written Notice at least 30 days prior to the original Maturity Date. The selection of a Maturity Date at the Annuitant’s advanced age could have tax consequences so you should consult a tax adviser.

If you have not previously specified otherwise and have not elected certain systematic withdrawal options, then on the Maturity Date you may:

1. take the Contract Value, less any state premium tax and any surrender charge, in one lump sum, or

2. convert the Contract Value, less any state premium tax and any surrender charge, into an annuity payable to the Payee under one of the payment options as described below.

Electing an Income Payment Option

You may apply Contract Value (less any state premium taxes) to an annuity payment option after the 1st Contract Year. During the 1st Contract Year, you may elect to apply the Contract Value (less any state premium taxes and less surrender charges) to any annuity payment option. However, you should be aware that surrender charges will apply if you elect to apply the Contract Value to an annuity payment option during the 1st Contract Year (i.e., before the Maturity Date), unless you selected the Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider. We do not deduct a surrender charge if you annuitize after the 1st Contract Year. Unless you choose otherwise, on the Maturity Date your Contract Value (less any state premium taxes) will be applied to a 10 year certain and life fixed annuity payment option. The first monthly annuity payment will be made within one month after the Maturity Date.

Only fixed payment options are available. Variable payment options are not available under this Contract. Fixed payment options are obligations of our General Account and are subject to our claims-paying ability.

Currently, income payment options are only available if the proceeds applied are $2,000 or more and the annual payment is more than $240. We reserve the right to change the payment frequency so that payments are at least $100.

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The Annuitant’s actual age at the time of Annuitization will affect each Payment Amount for annuity payment options involving life income. The amount of each annuity payment to older Annuitants will be greater than for younger Annuitants because payments to older Annuitants are expected to be fewer in number. For annuity payment options that do not involve life payment, the length of the payment period will affect the amount of each payment. With a shorter period, the amount of each annuity payment will be greater. Payments that occur more frequently will be smaller than those occurring less frequently.

The Payee or any other person who is entitled to receive payments may name a Beneficiary to receive any amount that we would otherwise pay to that person’s estate if that person died. The person who is entitled to receive payment may change the Beneficiary at any time.

Annuity payment options will be subject to our rules at the time of selection. We must approve any arrangements that involve a Payee who is not a natural person (for example, a corporation), or a Payee who is a fiduciary or an assignee. Also, the details of all arrangements will be subject to our rules at the time the arrangements take effect. This includes:

• rules on the minimum amount we will pay under an option;

• minimum amounts for installment payments, surrender or commutation rights (your rights to receive payments over time, for which we may offer you a lump sum payment);

• the naming of people who are entitled to receive payment and their Beneficiaries; and

• our requirements for proof of age, gender, and survival.

You must elect the payment option at least 30 days before the Maturity Date.

If your Contract is a Qualified Contract, not all of the payment options will satisfy required minimum distribution rules, particularly as those rules apply to your beneficiary after your death. Beginning with deaths happening on or after January 1, 2020, subject to certain exceptions, most non-spouse beneficiaries must now complete death benefit distributions within ten years of the owner’s death in order to satisfy required minimum distribution rules. Consult a tax advisor before electing such an option.

Fixed Payment Options

Payments under the fixed options are not affected by the investment experience of any Investment Option. The Contract Value (less any state premium taxes and any surrender charge) as of the Maturity Date will be applied to the fixed option selected. We guarantee interest under the fixed options at a rate of 1.00% a year. We may also credit interest under the fixed payment options at a rate that is above the 1.00% guaranteed rate (this is at our complete discretion). Thereafter, interest or payments are fixed according to the annuity option chosen.

Income Payment Options

The following four payout options are available:

1. Income for Specified Period: We pay installments for a specified period of 5 to 20 years. We will pay the amount applied in equal installments plus applicable interest (excess interest may be paid at our discretion). This option may not satisfy required minimum distribution rules for qualified Contracts. Consult a tax advisor before electing this option under a qualified Contract. However, by current Company practice we may offer other options.

2. Income for a Specified Amount: We pay income of the specified amount until the principal and interest are exhausted. The specified amount is subject to the limitation that principal and interest must be payable for at least 5 years and must be exhausted at the end of 20 years.

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3. Payment of Life Income: We will pay monthly income for the life of a single Annuitant. Joint Annuitants are permissible only under the Joint and Survivor Income option. Under the Payment of Life Income option, you may choose from 1 of 2 ways to receive the income:

a. Life Annuity: We will pay monthly income for life. With a life annuity payment option, payments will only be made as long as the Annuitant is alive. Therefore, if the Annuitant dies after the first payment, then only one payment will be made and if the Annuitant dies before the first payment then no payments will be made.

b. Life Annuity With Certain Period: We will pay equal monthly payments for either 120 or 240 guaranteed payments, and then for as long as the Annuitant is living thereafter. The period certain options are 10 and 20 years. However, by current company practice we may offer other options.

4. Joint and Survivor Income: We will make monthly payments until the last surviving Payee’s death. Therefore, if both Payees die after the first payment, then only one payment will be made and if the both Payees die before the first payment then no payments will be made. The Annuitant must be at least 50 years old and the Joint Annuitant/Payee must be at least 45 years old at the time of the first monthly payment.

FEDERAL TAX STATUS

Introduction

NOTE: We have prepared the following information on federal income taxes as a general discussion of the subject. It is not intended as tax advice to any individual. No attempt is made to consider any applicable state or other income tax laws, any state and local estate or inheritance tax, or other tax consequences of Ownership or receipt of distributions under the Contract. You should consult your own tax advisor about your own circumstances. We have included an additional discussion regarding taxes in the SAI.

Annuity Contracts in General

Deferred annuities are a way of setting aside money for future needs like retirement. Congress recognized how important saving for retirement is and provided special rules in the Internal Revenue Code for annuities.

Simply stated, these rules provide that generally you will not be taxed on the Gain, if any, on the money held in your annuity Contract until you take the money out. This is referred to as tax deferral. There are different rules as to how you will be taxed depending on how you take the money out and the type of Contract – qualified or non-qualified (discussed below).

You will generally not be taxed on increases in the value of your Contract until a distribution occurs – either as a surrender or as annuity payments.

When a non-natural person (e.g., corporation or certain other entities other than tax-qualified trusts) owns a Non-Qualified Contract, the Contract will generally not be treated as an annuity for tax purposes and any increase in the excess of the Contract Value over the investment in the Contract during the taxable year must generally be included in income. There are some exceptions to this rule and a prospective Owner that is not a natural person should discuss these with a tax advisor.

Qualified and Non-Qualified Contracts

If you invest in a variable annuity as part of an individual retirement plan, your annuity is called a Qualified Contract. If your annuity is independent of any formal retirement or pension plan, it is termed a Non-Qualified Contract. The tax rules applicable to qualified Contracts vary according to the type of retirement plan and the terms and conditions of the plan.

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Qualified Contracts are issued in connection with the plans listed below. There is additional information about qualified Contracts in the SAI.

• Individual Retirement Annuity (IRA): A traditional IRA allows individuals to make contributions, which may be deductible, to the annuity. Distributions from an IRA are generally subject to tax and, if made before age 59¹/₂, may be subject to a 10% penalty tax.

• Roth IRAs, as described in Code section 408A, permit certain eligible individuals to make non-deductible contributions to a Roth IRA in cash or as a rollover or transfer from another Roth IRA or other IRA. A rollover from or conversion of an IRA to a Roth IRA is generally subject to current tax. The Owner may wish to consult a tax adviser before combining any converted amounts with any other Roth IRA contributions, including any other conversion amounts from other tax years. Distributions from a Roth IRA generally are not taxed, except that, once aggregate distributions exceed contributions to the Roth IRA, income tax and a 10% penalty tax may apply to distributions made (1) before age 59¹/₂ (subject to certain exceptions) or (2) during the five taxable years starting with the year in which the first contribution is made to any Roth IRA. A 10% penalty tax may apply to amounts attributable to a conversion from an IRA if they are distributed during the five taxable years beginning with the year in which the conversion was made.

Distributions that are rolled over to another IRA within 60 days are not immediately taxable, however only one such rollover is permitted each year. An individual can make only one rollover from an IRA to another (or the same) IRA in any 12-month period, regardless of the number of IRAs that are owned. The limit will apply by aggregating all of an individual’s IRAs, including SEP and SIMPLE IRAs as well as traditional and Roth IRAs, effectively treating them as one IRA for purposes of the limit. This limit does not apply to direct trustee-to-trustee transfers or conversions of an IRA to a Roth IRA.

Minimum Distribution Rules and Eligible Rollover Distributions

Qualified Contracts have minimum distribution rules that govern the timing and amount of distributions. Consult with and rely upon your tax advisor. In addition, not all income options will always satisfy minimum required distribution rules. Consult with and rely upon your tax advisor before electing an income option. Please refer to the SAI for detailed information on when distributions must begin from qualified Contracts and how Death Benefit proceeds must be distributed.

Diversification and Distribution Requirements

The Internal Revenue Code provides that the underlying investments for a non-qualified variable annuity must satisfy certain diversification requirements in order to be treated as an annuity. The annuity must also meet certain distribution requirements at the death of the Annuitant or an Owner in order to be treated as an annuity Contract. These diversification and distribution requirements are discussed in the SAI. Midland National may modify the Contract to attempt to maintain favorable tax treatment.

Owner Control

In certain circumstances, a variable Contract Owner may be considered the Owner of the assets of a segregated account, such as the Registered Separate Account, if the IRS deems the Owner to possess “Ownership” in those assets, such as the ability to exercise investment control over the assets. If the Contract Owner is deemed to have “investor control” over the underlying Investment Options, then the Contract Owner will be taxed currently on income and recognized gains under the Contract. The IRS has issued Revenue Ruling 2003-91 providing a safe harbor when the facts of the ruling are present. The ruling goes on to state that whether a Contract Owner has sufficient investor control over the assets depends on the facts and circumstances. Due to the uncertainty in this area, we reserve the right to modify the Contract in an attempt to maintain favorable tax treatment. However, there is no assurance that such modifications would be successful. While we believe that the Contracts do not give Owners investment control over separate account assets, we reserve the right to modify the Contracts as necessary to prevent an Owner from being treated as the Owner of the separate account assets supporting the Contract.

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Surrenders and Partial Withdrawals

If you make a partial withdrawal from a Non-Qualified Contract before the annuity commencement date, the Internal Revenue Code treats that surrender as first coming from gain and then from your premium payments. When you make a partial withdrawal, you are taxed on the amount of the surrender that is gain. If you make a full surrender, you are generally taxed on the amount that your surrender proceeds exceed the “investment in the Contract,” which is generally your premiums paid (adjusted for any prior partial withdrawals that came out of the premiums). Withdrawals from Non-Qualified Contracts to pay third party registered investment advisor fees may be treated as taxable withdrawals. Consult a tax advisor. Different rules apply for annuity payments and under Qualified Contracts. See “Annuity Payments” below.

In the case of a withdrawal under a Qualified Contract, a ratable portion of the amount received is taxable, generally based on the ratio of the “investment in the Contract” to the individual’s total account balance or accrued benefit under the retirement plan. The “investment in the Contract” generally equals the amount of your non-deductible premium payments. In many cases, the “investment in the Contract” under a Qualified Contract can be zero.

The Internal Revenue Code also provides that surrendered Gain may be subject to a penalty. The amount of the penalty is equal to 10% of the amount that is includable in income. Some surrenders will be exempt from the penalty. In general, in the case of a distribution from a Non-Qualified Contract, this includes any amount:

• paid on or after the taxpayer reaches age 59¹/₂;

• paid after an Owner dies;

• paid if the taxpayer becomes totally disabled (as that term is defined in the Internal Revenue Code);

• paid in a series of substantially equal payments made annually (or more frequently) under a lifetime annuity;

• paid under an immediate maturity; or

• which come from premium payments made prior to August 14, 1982.

Special rules may be applicable in connection with the exceptions enumerated above. Also, additional exceptions apply to distributions from a Qualified Contract. You should consult your tax adviser with regard to exceptions from the penalty tax.

Multiple Contracts

All non-qualified deferred annuity contracts that are issued by Midland National (or its affiliates) to the same Owner during any calendar year are treated as one annuity for purposes of determining the amount includable in the Owner’s income when a taxable distribution occurs.

Withholding

Distributions from Qualified and Non-Qualified Contracts are generally subject to withholding for your federal income tax liability. The withholding rate varies according to the type of distribution and your tax status. You will be provided the opportunity to elect not to have tax withheld from distributions when allowed by law.

Annuity Payments

Although the tax consequences may vary depending on the annuity payment option you select, in general, for Non-Qualified and certain Qualified Contracts, only a portion of the annuity payments you receive will be includable in your gross income.

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In general, the excludable portion of each annuity payment you receive will be determined by dividing the “investment in the Contract” on the Maturity Date by the total expected value of the annuity payments for the term of the payments. This is the percentage of each annuity payment that is excludable.

The remainder of each annuity payment is includable in gross income. Once the “investment in the Contract” has been fully recovered, the full amount of any additional annuity payments is includable in gross income.

If, after Annuitization, annuity payments stop because an Annuitant has died, the excess (if any) of the “investment in the Contract” as of the Annuitization over the aggregate amount of annuity payments received that was excluded from gross income is generally allowable as a deduction for your last taxable year.

Partial Annuitization

If part of an annuity Contract’s value is applied to an annuity option that provides payments for one or more lives and for a period of at least ten years, those payments may be taxed as annuity payments instead of withdrawals. None of the payment options under the Contract are intended to qualify for this “partial Annuitization” treatment and, if you apply only part of the value of the Contract to a payment option, we will treat those payments as withdrawals for tax purposes.

Investment Income Surtax

Distributions from non-qualified annuity Contracts will be considered “investment income” for purposes of the investment income tax on investment income. Thus, in certain circumstances, a 3.8% tax may be applied to some or all of the taxable portion of distributions (e.g., earnings) to individuals whose income exceeds certain threshold amounts. Please consult a tax advisor for more information.

Definition of Spouse under Federal Law

The Contract provides that upon your death, a surviving spouse may have certain continuation rights that he or she may elect to exercise for the Contract’s Death Benefit. All Contract provisions relating to spousal continuation are available only to a person who meets the definition of “spouse” under federal law. The U.S. Supreme Court has held that same-sex marriages must be permitted under state law and that marriages recognized under state law will be recognized for federal law purposes. Domestic partnerships and civil unions that are not recognized as legal marriages under state law, however, will not be treated as marriages under federal law. Consult a tax advisor for more information on this subject.

Annuity Contracts Purchased by Nonresident Aliens and Foreign Corporations

The discussion above provided general information regarding U.S. federal income tax consequences to annuity Owners that are U.S. persons. Taxable distributions made to Owners who are not U.S. persons will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax withholding at a 30% rate, unless a lower treaty rate applies. In addition, such distributions may be subject to state and/or municipal taxes and taxes that may be imposed by the Owner’s country of citizenship or residence. Additional withholding may occur with respect to entity purchasers (including foreign corporations, partnerships, and trusts) that are not U.S. residents. Prospective foreign Owners are advised to consult with a qualified tax advisor regarding U.S., state, and foreign taxation for any annuity Contract purchase.

Taxation of Death Benefit Proceeds

Amounts may be distributed from the Contract because of the death of the Annuitant (only if the Owner is a non-natural person) or an Owner. Generally, such amounts should be includable in the income of the recipient:

• if distributed in a lump sum, these amounts are taxed in the same manner as a full surrender; or

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• if distributed under an annuity payment option, these amounts are taxed in the same manner as annuity payments.

Transfers, Assignments or Exchange of Contracts

A transfer of Ownership or absolute assignment of a Contract, the designation of an Annuitant or Payee or other Beneficiary who is not also the Owner, the selection of certain Maturity Date, or a change of Annuitant, may result in certain income or gift tax consequences to the Owner that are beyond the scope of this discussion. An Owner contemplating any such transfer, assignment, selection, or change should contact a competent tax advisor with respect to the potential tax effects of such a transaction.

Transfers of Non-Qualified Contracts for less than full and adequate consideration by the Owner at the time of such transfer, will trigger taxable income on the Gain in the Contract, with the transferee getting a step-up in basis for the amount included in the Owner’s income. This provision does not apply to transfers between spouses or transfers incident to a divorce.

Possible Tax Law Changes

Although the likelihood of legislative changes is uncertain, there is always the possibility that the tax treatment of the Contract could change by legislation or otherwise. You should consult a tax advisor with respect to legal developments and their effect on the Contract. We have the right to modify the contract in response to legislative changes that could otherwise diminish the favorable tax treatment that annuity contract owners currently receive. We make no guarantee regarding the tax status of any contact and do not intend the above discussion as tax advice.

Federal Estate, Gift and Generation-Skipping Transfer Taxes

While no attempt is being made to discuss the Federal estate tax implications of the Contract, a purchaser should keep in mind that the value of an annuity Contract owned by a decedent and payable to a Beneficiary by virtue of surviving the decedent is included in the decedent’s gross estate. Depending on the terms of the annuity Contract, the value of the annuity included in the gross estate may be the value of the lump sum payment payable to the designated Beneficiary or the actuarial value of the payments to be received by the Beneficiary. Consult with and rely on an estate planning advisor for more information.

Under certain circumstances, the Code may impose a generation-skipping transfer (“GST”) tax when all or part of an annuity Contract is transferred to, or a Death Benefit is paid to, an individual two or more generations younger than the Owner. Regulations issued under the Code may require us to deduct the tax from your Contract, or from any applicable payment, and pay it directly to the IRS.

The potential application of these taxes underscores the importance of seeking guidance from a qualified adviser to help ensure that your estate plan adequately addresses your needs and those of your beneficiaries under all possible scenarios.

Annuity Purchases by Residents of Puerto Rico

The Internal Revenue Service has announced that income received by residents of Puerto Rico under life insurance or annuity Contracts issued by a Puerto Rico branch of a United States life insurance company is U.S.-source income that is generally subject to United States Federal income tax.

Foreign Tax Credits

We may benefit from any foreign tax credits attributable to taxes paid by certain portfolios to foreign jurisdictions to the extent permitted under Federal tax law.

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MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

INFORMATION ABOUT MIDLAND NATIONAL

Generally

We are Midland National Life Insurance Company, a stock life insurance company. We were organized in 1906, in South Dakota, as a mutual life insurance company at that time named “The Dakota Mutual Life Insurance Company.” We were reincorporated as a stock life insurance company, in 1909. Our name “Midland” was adopted in 1925. We were re-domesticated to Iowa in 1999. We are licensed to do business in 49 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam and the Mariana Islands.

Midland National is a subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sammons Enterprises, Inc., Dallas, Texas. Sammons Enterprises has controlling or substantial stock interests in a large number of other companies engaged in the areas of insurance, corporate services, and industrial distribution.

Midland National relies on the exemption from filing reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 provided by Rule 12h-7.

Midland National’s Business

Midland National Life Insurance Company and Subsidiaries (“Midland National” or the “Company”) is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc. (“SFG”). Midland National has three wholly owned subsidiaries. MNL Reinsurance Company (“MNL Re”), Solberg Reinsurance Company (“Solberg Re”) and Canal Reinsurance Company (“Canal Re”) are captive reinsurance companies domiciled in Iowa. Midland National offers individual life and annuity products in 49 states and the District of Columbia. The Company is affiliated through common ownership with North American Company for Life and Health Insurance (“North American”) and Sammons Institutional Group, Inc. (“SIG”).

We develop innovative products and services in order to provide our distribution partners with a comprehensive suite of insurance products and services. We rely on feedback from customers, employees, registered representatives and agents, supplemented with a variety of industry information and customer databases, to develop new products to meet the demands of an evolving market. As a result, we are typically expanding product offerings in the rapidly growing indexed annuity and life space with emphasis on multiple indexes and crediting methods as well as innovative lifetime withdrawal features. Our suite of products is balanced across the customer spectrum. We believe our products are conservatively designed to achieve appropriate levels of index-based interest crediting through market cycles. Our complementary suite of product lines is designed to allow us to meet profit targets and growth objectives.

We distribute our products through multiple channels including independent agents, broker-dealers, benefit consultants and third-party marketers. In particular, we intend to continue to leverage the independent distribution channel, which has proven to be an effective model and focus on building relationships with a core group of distribution partners that result in persistency of production.

We strive to maintain profitability of our business over varying interest rate environments by monitoring and managing a close asset and liability duration match. We employ an asset liability management program which includes quarterly projections of asset and liability cash flows over a wide range of interest rate scenarios reflecting dynamic contract holder behavior.

Our operating framework includes a focus on operational efficiency, which we believe should allow us to continue to offer competitively priced products and earn attractive returns.

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Competition

The markets for insurance products and retirement solutions are highly competitive. We compete for customers and agents with a large number of other insurers as well as noninsurance financial services companies, such as banks, broker-dealers and investment managers, some of which may have greater financial resources and brand recognition than we do. We believe that competition is affected by various factors, including but not limited to, perceived financial strength and claims-paying ability, ratings, investment performance, size and strength of the agency force, distribution capabilities, commission structure, range of product lines and product quality, price and features, customer service and general reputation.

The level of competition among providers of life insurance, annuities and other retirement solutions products may increase as a result of the continuing consolidation of the financial services industry. Mergers and consolidations could increase, as companies seek to improve their competitive position through increased market share, economies of scale and diversification of products and services.

Financial strength ratings

An insurance company’s claims paying ability and financial strength ratings are an important factor in establishing its competitive position relative to other insurance companies. Ratings are important in maintaining public confidence in us and our ability to market our products. Rating organizations annually review the financial performance and condition of insurers, including Midland National. The current financial strength/claims paying ability ratings for Midland National are set forth in the chart below.

Midland National’s Ratings

Rating Agency	Rating		Outlook
S&P		A+		Stable
A.M. Best		A+		Stable
Fitch		A+		Stable

The ratings are meaningful to current and prospective contract holders and we believe give Midland National a competitive advantage in the Company’s target markets over competitors with lower ratings.

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Risk Factors Related to Midland National and Its Business

The operating results of life and annuity insurance companies as reported under statutory accounting principles have historically been subject to significant fluctuations. The financial position and operating results of Midland National are subject to certain risk factors discussed more fully below. You should consider and read carefully all of the risks and uncertainties described below, as well as the other information contained in this prospectus, including our financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This prospectus also contains forward-looking statements and estimates that involve risks and uncertainties. See “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information.”

We face risks related to recent increases in incidents of social, civil and political unrest, which could disrupt our operations.

Our business, including our investments, could be adversely affected by recent increases in incidents of social, civil and political unrest taking place in the U.S. and elsewhere. There can be no assurance as to when such civil unrest will end or that it will not escalate in the future. Any continuation or future escalation in such civil unrest, or a failure to restore public and social order by the governmental authorities in affected markets, could adversely affect the security and stability of the localities in which we operate, which could disrupt our operations, or the security and stability of the obligors on our investments. Any such impacts could increase the default rate, or negatively affect the carrying value, of such investments, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If difficult conditions in the global capital markets and the economy generally persist, they may materially adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Our business and results of operations are materially affected by conditions in the global capital markets and the economy generally. Stressed conditions, volatility and disruptions in financial asset classes or various markets, including global capital markets, can have an adverse effect on us, in part because we have a large investment portfolio and our insurance liabilities are sensitive to changing market factors. Global market factors, including interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, equity market volatility, economic uncertainty, the impact of public health crises (e.g., the COVID-19 pandemic) and reactions and responses thereto, real estate markets, consumer spending, business investment, government spending, the volatility and strength of the capital markets, deflation, inflation, counterparty risks, changes in laws or regulations (including laws relating to the financial markets generally or the taxation or regulation of the insurance industry), trade barriers, commodity prices, currency exchange rates and controls and national and international political circumstances (including governmental instability, wars, terrorist acts or security operations) can all affect our financial condition, as well as the volume, profitability and results of our business operations, either directly or by virtue of their impact on the business and economic environment generally and on general levels of economic activity, employment and customer behavior specifically. Disruptions in one market or asset class can also spread to other markets or asset classes. Upheavals in the financial markets can also affect our financial condition (including our liquidity and capital levels) as a result of mismatched impacts on the value of our assets and our liabilities.

At times, throughout the past several years, volatile conditions have characterized financial markets. Significant market volatility, and government actions taken in response thereto, may exacerbate some of the risks we face.

To the extent these uncertain financial market conditions persist, our revenues and net investment income are exposed to these risks and may be adversely affected as a result. Similarly, sustained periods of low interest rates could cause our profit margins to erode. Also, in the event of extreme prolonged market events, such as a global credit crisis, we could incur significant capital and/or operating losses. Even in the absence of a market downturn, we are exposed to substantial risk of loss due to market volatility.

We are also exposed to risks associated with the potential financial instability of our customers, whether individual or institutional, many of whom may be adversely affected by the volatile conditions in the capital

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markets. Due to the macro-economic challenges currently affecting the economy of the U.S. and other parts of the world, customers may experience serious cash flow problems and other financial difficulties. As a result, they may modify, delay, or cancel plans to purchase our products, or may make changes in the mix of products purchased that are unfavorable to us. Any inability of current and/or potential customers to pay for our products may adversely affect our earnings and cash flow.

In addition, we are susceptible to risks associated with the potential financial instability of the vendors on which we rely to provide services or to whom we delegate certain functions. The same conditions that may affect our customers also could adversely affect our vendors, causing them to significantly and quickly increase their prices or reduce their output. Our business depends on our ability to perform, in an efficient and uninterrupted fashion, our necessary business functions, and any interruption in the services provided by third parties could also adversely affect our cash flow, profitability, and financial condition.

Adverse capital and credit market conditions may significantly affect our ability to meet liquidity needs, our access to capital and our cost of capital.

The capital and credit markets may be subject to periods of extreme volatility and disruption, which could cause our liquidity and credit capacity to be limited.

We need liquidity to pay our operating expenses, maintain our securities lending activities, support our hedging programs, and replace maturing liabilities. Without sufficient liquidity, we could be forced to curtail our operations, and our business and financial results may suffer.

In the event market or other conditions have an adverse impact on our capital and liquidity and our current resources do not satisfy our needs, we may have to seek additional financing. The availability of additional financing will depend on a variety of factors, such as the then current market conditions, regulatory considerations, availability of credit to us and the financial services industry generally, our credit ratings and credit capacity, and the perception of our customers and lenders regarding our long- or short-term financial prospects if we incur large operating or investment losses or if the level of our business activity decreases due to a market downturn. Similarly, our access to funds may be impaired if regulatory authorities or rating agencies take negative actions against us. Our internal sources of liquidity may prove to be insufficient and, in such case, we may not be able to successfully obtain additional financing on favorable terms, or at all.

Our liquidity requirements may change if, among other things, we are required to return significant amounts of cash collateral on short notice under our securities lending requirements.

Disruptions, uncertainty or volatility in the capital and credit markets may also limit our access to capital needed to operate our business, most significantly in our insurance company subsidiaries. Such market conditions may limit our ability to replace, in a timely manner, maturing liabilities; satisfy regulatory capital requirements; and access the capital necessary to grow our business. As a result, we may be forced to delay raising capital, issue different types of securities than we would have otherwise, less effectively deploy such capital, issue shorter tenor securities than we prefer, or bear an unattractive cost of capital, which could decrease our profitability and significantly reduce our financial flexibility. Our results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and statutory capital position could be materially adversely affected by disruptions in the financial markets.

We are exposed to significant financial and capital markets risks that may adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and may cause our net investment income to vary from period to period.

We are exposed to significant financial and capital markets risks, including changes in interest rates, credit spreads, equity prices, real estate markets, market volatility, global economic performance in general, the performance of specific obligors, including governments, included in our investment portfolio and other factors outside our control.

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Interest rate risk. Some of our products, principally life insurance and fixed annuities, expose us to the risk that changes in interest rates will reduce our investment margin or “spread,” or the difference between the amounts that we are obligated to pay under the contracts in our general account and the rate of return we earn on general account investments intended to support obligations under such contracts. Our spread is a key component of our net income.

During periods when interest rates are low, we may be forced to reinvest proceeds from investments that have matured or have been prepaid or sold at lower yields, which will reduce our investment margin. Moreover, during periods when interest rates are low, borrowers may prepay or redeem fixed income securities and mortgage loans in our investment portfolio with greater frequency in order to borrow at lower market rates, thereby exacerbating this risk. Although lowering interest crediting rates can help offset decreases in spreads on some products, our ability to lower these rates could be limited by competition or contractually guaranteed minimum rates and may not match the timing or magnitude of changes in asset yields. As a result, our spread could decrease or potentially become negative.

A decline in market interest rates could also reduce our return on investments that do not support particular policy obligations. During periods of sustained lower interest rates, policy liabilities may not be sufficient to meet future policy obligations and may need to be strengthened. Accordingly, declining and sustained lower interest rates may materially affect our results of operations, financial position and cash flows and significantly reduce our profitability.

Increases in market interest rates could also negatively affect our profitability. In periods of rapidly increasing interest rates, we may not be able to replace, in a timely manner, the investments in our general account with higher yielding investments needed to fund the higher crediting rates necessary to keep interest sensitive products competitive. We, therefore, may have to accept a lower spread and, thus, lower profitability or face a decline in sales and greater loss of existing contracts and related assets. In addition, policy loans, surrenders and withdrawals may tend to increase as contract holders seek investments with higher perceived returns as interest rates rise. This process may result in cash outflows requiring that we sell investments at a time when the prices of those investments are adversely affected by the increase in market interest rates, which may result in realized investment losses. An increase in market interest rates could also have a material adverse effect on the value of our investment portfolio, for example, by decreasing the estimated fair values of the fixed income securities that comprise a substantial portion of our investment portfolio.

We are also affected by the monetary policies of the Federal Reserve. As the Federal Reserve changes the target range for the benchmark federal funds rate, this may adversely affect the economy and could generate volatility in debt and equity markets. As the Federal Reserve moves short-term interest rates higher, this could lead to declining values on fixed income investments. The actions of the Federal Reserve may have an impact on the pricing levels of risk-bearing investments, and may adversely impact the level of product sales.

Although we take measures to manage the economic risks of investing in a changing interest rate environment, we may not be able to mitigate the interest rate risk of our fixed income investments relative to our liabilities.

Credit Spreads. Our exposure to credit spreads primarily relates to market price volatility and cash flow variability associated with changes in such spreads. Market volatility can make it difficult to value certain of our securities if trading becomes less frequent. In such case, valuations may include assumptions or estimates that may have significant period-to-period changes, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial condition. If there is a resumption of significant volatility in the markets, it could cause changes in credit spreads and defaults and a lack of pricing transparency which, individually or in tandem, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity or cash flows.

Equity Risk. Our primary exposure to equity risk relates to the potential for lower earnings associated with certain of our businesses where fee income is earned based upon the estimated fair value of the assets under

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administration. Downturns and volatility in securities markets can have an adverse effect on the revenues and investment returns from our investment products and services.

In addition, we invest a portion of our investments in alternative assets, such as private equity and private debt funds. The amount and timing of net investment income from such funds tends to be uneven as a result of the performance of the underlying investments. The timing of distributions from such funds, which depends on particular events relating to the underlying investments, as well as the funds’ schedules for making distributions and their needs for cash, can be difficult to predict. Significant volatility could adversely impact returns and net investment income on these alternative investment classes. In addition, the estimated fair value of such investments may be impacted by downturns or volatility in securities markets.

Real Estate Risk. Our primary exposure to real estate risk relates to residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”), commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”) and residential and commercial mortgage loans. Our exposure to these risks stems from various factors, including real estate supply and demand and interest rate fluctuations. General economic conditions and the recovery rate in the real estate sectors will continue to influence the performance of these investments. These factors, which are beyond our control, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity or cash flows.

Credit Risk. There is a risk that issuers of our investments may default or that other parties may not be able to pay amounts due to us and our subsidiaries. We manage our investments to limit credit risk by diversifying our portfolio among various security types and industry sectors. In addition, we take into account default risk in our product pricing. Although we believe that we carefully manage these risks, there can be no guarantee that credit risk will be managed successfully in all situations. Any failure to successfully manage credit risk could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity or cash flows.

Our participation in securities lending programs and a repurchase program subjects us to potential liquidity and other risks.

We participate in a reverse repurchase program, which is considered part of a securities lending program, whereby we sell fixed income securities to third-party repurchase counterparties, primarily major brokerage firms and commercial banks, with a concurrent agreement to repurchase those same securities at a determined future date. The cash proceeds received under the repurchase program are typically invested in fixed income securities and cannot be returned prior to the scheduled repurchase date; however, market conditions on the repurchase date may limit our ability to enter into new agreements. The repurchase of securities or our inability to enter into new repurchase agreements would require us to return the cash collateral proceeds associated with such transactions on the repurchase or maturity date.

For repurchase transactions, the securities held as invested collateral (i.e., securities that we have purchased with cash collateral received) generally have floating rate coupons that match the floating rate liabilities to minimize the impact of interest rate risk. However, in some cases, the maturity of the securities held as invested collateral may exceed the term of the related securities under repurchase agreements and the estimated fair value may fall below the amount of cash received as collateral and invested. If we are required to return significant amounts of cash collateral on short notice and we are forced to sell securities to meet the return obligation, we may have difficulty selling such collateral that is invested in securities in a timely manner, be forced to sell securities in a volatile or illiquid market for less than we otherwise would have been able to realize under normal market conditions, or both. In addition, under adverse capital market and economic conditions, liquidity may broadly deteriorate, which would further restrict our ability to sell securities. If we decrease the amount of our securities lending and repurchase activities over time, the amount of net investment income generated by these activities will also likely decline.

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We may have difficulty selling certain holdings in our investment portfolio in a timely manner and realizing full value given their illiquid nature.

There may be a limited market for certain investments we hold in our investment portfolio, making them relatively illiquid. These include privately-placed fixed maturity securities, mortgage loans, policy loans, leveraged leases, equity real estate, such as real estate joint ventures and funds, and other limited partnership interests. In recent years, even some of our very high quality investments experienced reduced liquidity during periods of market volatility or disruption. If we were forced to sell certain of our investments during periods of market volatility or disruption, market prices may be lower than our carrying value in such investments. This could result in realized losses which could have a material adverse effect on our net income and financial position.

The determination of the amount of expected credit losses taken on our investments is highly subjective and could materially impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The determination of the amount of expected credit losses vary by investment type and is based on our periodic case-by-case evaluation and assessment of known and inherent risks associated with the respective asset class. Such evaluations and assessments are revised as conditions change and new information becomes available. Management updates its evaluations regularly and reflects changes in expected credit losses in operations as such evaluations are revised. Such evaluations and assessments can change significantly from period to period, especially in times of high market volatility. There can be no assurance that management has identified all securities that could ultimately impact the level of impairments taken and allowances reflected in the financial statements. Furthermore, additional credit losses may need to be taken provided for in the future. Historical trends may not be indicative of future credit losses.

Defaults on commercial mortgage loans and volatility in performance may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Commercial mortgage loans may face heightened delinquency and default risk due to economic conditions which may have a negative impact on the performance of the underlying collateral, resulting in declining values and an adverse impact on the obligors of such instruments. An increase in the default rate of our commercial mortgage loan investments could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, the carrying value of commercial mortgage loans is negatively impacted by such factors. The carrying value of commercial mortgage loans is stated at outstanding principal less any loan loss allowances recognized. Considerations in determining allowances include, but are not limited to, the following: (i) declining debt service coverage ratios and increasing loan to value ratios; (ii) bankruptcy filings of major tenants or affiliates of the borrower on the property; (iii) catastrophic events at the property; and (iv) other subjective events or factors, including whether the terms of the debt will be restructured. There can be no assurance that management’s assessment of loan loss allowances on commercial mortgage loans will not change in future periods, which could lead to investment losses.

Our investment managers select investments that could be substantially below return expectations, below the returns of our competitors investments, or result in losses. Our investment managers select individual investments pursuant to broad authority within their stated guidelines, and we do not approve each investment decision made by these managers.

Our investment portfolio adheres to investment guidelines and policies and risk limits, however our investment managers are allowed considerable discretion within the context of an Enterprise Risk Management (“ERM”) overlay as well as other compliance measures authorized by our Investment Committee. The discretion afforded to our investment managers may result in investment returns that are substantially below expectations or that result in losses, which would materially and adversely affect our business operations and results. Our historical investment performance should not be considered as indicative of future results of our investment portfolio.

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Exposure to limited partnerships investments could adversely affect our investment portfolio.

We owned $2,744 million and $2,279 million of investments in limited partnerships at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had future funding commitments relating to limited partnerships of $1,172 million and $1,201 million, respectively. These investments consist primarily of domestic and international private equity funds, private debt funds, infrastructure funds and other miscellaneous alternative investments. These investments may produce investment income which fluctuates from period to period and is less predictable and more variable than may be the case with more conventional asset classes. In addition, many of these assets have limitations on redemptions and trading, which may cause them to be substantially less liquid than more conventional asset classes, such as publicly traded fixed income securities and equities.

If we do not appropriately structure our hedges in relation to our anticipated liabilities, our ability to conduct our businesses could be adversely affected.

We actively seek to hedge our securities market exposure, including exposure through the writing of indexed annuity products and indexed universal life products. Our ability to measure and manage risk and to implement our investment strategy and hedging arrangements is crucial to our success. If we do not properly structure such hedges to meet our expected liabilities, we could be forced to liquidate investments in order to pay any difference between the amount paid under the hedges and the amounts due for such liabilities, which could have an adverse impact on our financial condition or results of operations.

The success of our investment strategy and hedging arrangements will also be affected by general economic conditions. These conditions may cause volatile interest rates and securities markets, which in turn could increase the cost of hedging. Volatility or illiquidity in the markets could significantly and negatively affect our ability to appropriately execute our hedging strategies.

A downgrade or a potential downgrade in Midland National’s financial strength ratings could harm our competitive position.

Rating agencies regularly review the financial performance and condition of insurers, including Midland National. The current financial strength/claims paying ability ratings for Midland National as assigned by S&P, A.M. Best and Fitch were A+ (Strong), A+ (Superior) and A+, respectively. These ratings indicate a rating agency’s view of our ability to meet the obligations applicable to our in-force insurance contracts.

The rating agencies assign ratings based upon consideration of several qualitative and quantitative factors, including the rated company’s operating performance and investment results, products, risk profile, and capital resources. The rating agencies may also consider factors that may be outside of the rated company’s control, including changes in general economic conditions or their sentiment towards a particular industry. A downgrade in the ratings of Midland National could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, a downgrade in the ratings of Midland National could adversely affect, among other things, (a) its ability to sell certain of its products, (b) the rate of contract surrenders and withdrawals and (c) the return on the insurance and annuity products it issues and, ultimately, the results of its operations. In addition, there can be no assurance that a rating will be maintained for any given period of time or that a rating will not be lowered or withdrawn in its entirety.

We cannot predict what actions rating agencies may take in the future that could adversely affect our business including changes to their respective capital sufficiency models. As with other companies in the financial services industry, our ratings could be downgraded at any time and without any notice by any rating agency, and any such downgrade could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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We may not be able to mitigate the reserve strain associated with Regulation 830 and NAIC Actuarial Guideline 38, potentially resulting in a negative impact on our capital position or in a need to increase prices and/or reduce sales of term or universal life products.

The NAIC Model Regulation entitled “Valuation of Life Insurance Policies,” commonly known as “Regulation 830” or “Model #830,” requires insurers to establish additional statutory reserves for certain term life insurance policies with long-term premium guarantees and for certain universal life policies with secondary guarantees. In addition, NAIC Actuarial Guideline 38 (“AG38”) clarifies the application of Model #830 with respect to certain universal life insurance policies with secondary guarantees. Many of our term insurance products and an increasing number of our universal life insurance products are affected by Model #830 and AG38, respectively. The application of both Model #830 and AG38 involves numerous interpretations. At times, there may be differences of opinion between management and state insurance departments regarding the application of these and other actuarial standards. Such differences of opinion may lead to a state insurance regulator requiring greater reserves to support insurance liabilities than management estimated.

Model #830 and AG38 require Midland National to establish statutory reserves for applicable term and universal life products at a level that exceeds what the company’s actuarial assumptions for the applicable business would otherwise require. We have implemented, and may implement in the future, reinsurance and capital management actions to mitigate the capital impact of Model #830 and AG38, including the use of letters of credit and the implementation of other transactions that provide acceptable collateral to support the reinsurance of the liabilities to wholly owned reinsurance captives or to third-party reinsurers. These arrangements are subject to review by state insurance regulators.

As of January 1, 2015, our insurance company subsidiaries became subject to a new actuarial guideline, NAIC Actuarial Guideline 48 (“AG48”), that affects the types of assets insurance companies can use in captive reinsurance companies to back the reserves they hold for term and universal life products. Specifically, AG48 prescribes an actuarial method to determine the portion of the assets held to support reserves for certain term and universal life policies that must be “primary securities,” which are defined as cash and securities rated by the Securities Valuation Office of the NAIC (subject to some limited exceptions) or, in limited cases, certain other assets. AG48 provides that reserves in excess of those calculated with the prescribed actuarial method may be supported or financed with a broader range of assets, referred to as “other securities.” AG48 applies to certain term and universal life insurance policies written from and after January 1, 2015, or written prior to January 1, 2015, but not included in a captive reinsurer financing arrangement as of December 31, 2014. The NAIC adopted a revised Credit for Reinsurance Model Law in January 2016 and the Term and Universal Life Insurance Reserve Financing Model Regulation in December 2016 to replace AG48. Effective July 1, 2017, Iowa substantially adopted the revised Credit for Reinsurance Model Law. Effective January 10, 2018, Iowa substantially adopted the Term and Universal Life Insurance Reserve Financing Model Regulation, replacing AG48 for Iowa ceding insurers.

We cannot provide assurance that there will not be regulatory challenges to the reinsurance and capital management actions we have taken to date, or those we may take in the future, or that acceptable collateral obtained through such transactions will continue to be available or available on a cost- effective basis. The result of those potential challenges, as well as the inability to obtain acceptable collateral, could require us to increase statutory reserves, incur higher operating and/or tax costs or reduce sales.

Certain of the reserve financing facilities we have put in place will mature prior to the run off of the liabilities they support. As a result, we cannot provide assurance that we will be able to continue to implement actions either to mitigate the impact of Model #830, AG38 and AG48 on future sales of term and universal life insurance products or maintain collateral support related to our captives or existing third-party reinsurance arrangements to which one of our captive reinsurance subsidiaries is a party. If we are unable to continue to implement those actions or maintain existing collateral support, we may be required to increase statutory reserves or incur higher operating costs than we currently anticipate. Because term and universal life insurance are particularly price-

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sensitive products, any increase in premiums charged on these products to compensate us for the increased statutory reserve requirements or higher costs of reinsurance may result in a significant loss of volume and materially and adversely affect our life insurance business.

A significant portion of our institutional funding is obtained from a Federal Home Loan Bank, which subjects us to liquidity risks associated with sourcing a large concentration of our funding from one counterparty.

A significant portion of our institutional funding is obtained from the FHLB, which primarily serves as a source of funding to complement our securities lending program. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had $3.1 billion of FHLB borrowings outstanding. Should the FHLB choose to change its definition of eligible collateral, or if the market value of the pledged collateral decreases in value due to changes in interest rates or credit ratings, we may be required to post additional amounts of collateral in the form of cash or other eligible collateral. If we do not have assets maturing concurrently with the maturing liability, we could be required to renew maturing agreements at higher costs. Additionally, we may be required to find other sources to replace this funding if we lose access to the FHLB funding. This could occur if our creditworthiness falls below the FHLB’s requirements or if legislative or other political actions cause changes to the FHLB’s mandate or to the eligibility of life insurance companies to be members of the FHLB system.

Our products and services are complex and are frequently sold through intermediaries, and a failure to properly perform services or the misrepresentation of our products or services could have an adverse effect on our revenues and income.

Many of our products and services are complex and are frequently sold through intermediaries. In particular, our insurance businesses are reliant on intermediaries to describe and explain our products to their potential customers, and although we take precautions to avoid this result, such intermediaries may be deemed to have acted on our behalf. The intentional or unintentional misrepresentation of our products and services in advertising materials or other external communications, or inappropriate activities by our personnel or an intermediary, could result in liability for us and have an adverse effect on our reputation and business prospects, as well as lead to potential regulatory actions or litigation.

The insurance business is a heavily regulated industry and changes in state and federal regulation may affect our profitability.

We are subject to regulation under applicable insurance statutes, including insurance holding company statutes, in the various states in which Midland National transacts business. Midland National is domiciled in Iowa and is licensed to transact its insurance business in, and is subject to regulation and supervision by, insurance regulators in all U.S. states and territories, except New York and American Samoa. The ability of Midland National to continue to conduct its business is dependent upon the maintenance of its licenses in these various jurisdictions.

State insurance laws regulate most aspects of Midland National’s insurance business. Insurance regulatory authorities in the United States have broad administrative powers with respect to, among other things:

• licensing companies and agents to transact business;

• calculating the value of assets to determine compliance with statutory requirements;

• mandating certain insurance benefits;

• regulating certain premium rates;

• reviewing and approving policy forms;

• regulating unfair trade and claims practices, including through the imposition of restrictions on marketing and sales practices, distribution arrangements and payment of inducements;

• establishing and revising statutory capital and reserve requirements and solvency standards;

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• fixing maximum interest rates on insurance policy loans and minimum rates for guaranteed crediting rates on life insurance policies and annuity contracts;

• approving future rate increases;

• approving changes in control of insurance companies;

• restricting the payment of dividends and other transactions between affiliates; and

• regulating the types, amounts and valuation of investments.

These laws and regulations affecting the insurance industry are complex and subject to change. Moreover, they are administered and enforced by a number of different regulatory authorities, including state insurance regulators, state securities administrators, the SEC, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”), the U.S. Department of Labor (the “DOL”), the U.S. Department of Justice, and state attorneys general, each of which exercises a degree of interpretive latitude. In some cases, these laws and regulations are designed to protect or benefit the interests of a specific constituency rather than a range of constituencies. For example, state insurance laws and regulations are generally intended to protect or benefit contract holders rather than shareholders or holders of other securities of insurance companies or their holding companies. These laws and regulations may in some respects limit our insurance company subsidiaries’ ability to grow and improve the profitability of their businesses.

State insurance regulators and the NAIC regularly re-examine existing laws and regulations applicable to insurance companies and their products. Changes in these laws and regulations, or in interpretations thereof, can be made for the benefit of the consumer, or for other reasons, at the expense of the insurer, and thus could have an adverse effect on the financial condition and results of operations of our insurance company subsidiaries. Midland National cannot guarantee that the impact of any NAIC recommendations or proposed or future legislation or rule-making in the U.S. or elsewhere will not have an adverse effect on the results of operations or financial condition of our insurance company subsidiaries.

As increased scrutiny has been placed upon the insurance regulatory framework, a number of state legislatures have considered or enacted legislative proposals that alter, and in many cases increase, state authority to regulate insurance companies and holding company systems. In December 2010, the NAIC adopted amendments to the Insurance Holding Company System Regulatory Act and Model Regulation (the “Amended Holding Company Model Act”). The Amended Holding Company Model Act introduced the concept of “enterprise risk” within an insurance holding company system. The Amended Holding Company Model Act imposes more extensive informational requirements on parents and other affiliates of licensed insurers with the purpose of protecting the licensed companies from enterprise risk, including requiring an annual enterprise risk report by the ultimate controlling person identifying the material risks within the insurance holding company system that could pose enterprise risk to the licensed companies. In September 2012, the NAIC adopted the Risk Management and Own Risk and Solvency Assessment (“ORSA”) Model Act, which requires insurers to maintain a framework for identifying, assessing, monitoring, managing and reporting on the “material and relevant risks” associated with the insurer’s (or insurance group’s) current business plans. Under the ORSA Model Act, certain insurers must undertake an internal risk management review no less often than annually (but also at any time when there are significant changes to the risk profile of the insurer or its insurance group) in accordance with the ORSA Guidance Manual adopted by the NAIC, and prepare a summary report (“ORSA Report”) assessing the adequacy of the insurer’s risk management and capital in light of its current and future business plans. The ORSA Report is filed with a company’s lead state regulator and will be available to other domiciliary regulators within the holding company system. In November 2014, the NAIC adopted the Corporate Governance Annual Disclosure Model Act and Model Regulation (together, the “Corporate Governance Model Act”), which require an insurer to provide an annual disclosure regarding its corporate governance practices to its domestic regulator and lead state regulator. As adopted by the NAIC, the requirements of the Corporate Governance Model Act were effective January 1, 2016, with the first annual disclosure due by June 1, 2016. In December 2014, the NAIC promulgated additional amendments to the Amended Holding Company Model Act (the “Revised Amended Holding

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Company Model Act”) for consideration by the various states that address the authority of an insurance commissioner to act as the group-wide supervisor for an internationally active insurance group or to acknowledge the authority of another regulatory official, from another jurisdiction, to so act.

Each of the Amended Holding Company Model Act, the ORSA Model Act, the Corporate Governance Model Act and the Revised Amended Holding Company Model Act must be adopted by the individual states for the new requirements to apply to U.S. domestic insurers, and specifically in Iowa for the changes to apply to our insurance company subsidiaries. Iowa has substantially adopted the Amended Holding Company Model Act, the ORSA Model Act, the Corporate Governance Model Act and the Revised Amended Holding Company Model Act. Although the federal government currently does not directly regulate the insurance business, federal legislation and administrative policies in several areas, including pension regulation, financial services regulation, securities regulation, federal taxation, and environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”) considerations, can significantly and adversely affect the insurance business.

In July 2010, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010 (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) was enacted and signed into law. The Dodd-Frank Act made extensive changes to the laws regulating the financial services industry and required various federal agencies to adopt a broad range of new rules and regulations. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act imposed a comprehensive new regulatory regime on the over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives marketplace. Title VII of the Dodd-Frank Act (“Title VII”) subjected “swap dealers”, “major swap participants”, “security-based swap dealers” and “major security- based swap participants” (each as defined in the legislation and further clarified by the rulemaking) to registration and substantial supervision and regulation, including capital standards, margin requirements, business conduct standards, recordkeeping and reporting requirements. Title VII also requires central clearing for certain derivatives transactions that the U.S. Commodities Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) determines must be cleared and are accepted for clearing by a “derivatives clearing organization” (subject to certain exceptions) and that certain transactions subject to the mandatory clearing requirement be executed on a regulated exchange or swap execution facility. Title VII also provided the CFTC with authority to impose position limits across markets, including the swap market. The ongoing implementation and finalization of the Title VII requirements and its related regulations may adversely affect our ability to hedge risks associated with our business, including our fixed index annuity business, by increasing the costs of, imposing regulatory restrictions on, or reducing liquidity for derivatives transactions that we use to hedge such risks. Further, centralized clearing of derivatives transactions exposes us to concentrated risk of default by a clearinghouse with respect to our cleared derivative transactions.

The Dodd-Frank Act also established the Financial Stability Oversight Council (the “FSOC”) and authorized the FSOC to designate non-bank financial companies as systemically important financial institutions (“SIFIs”), thereby subjecting them to enhanced prudential standards and supervision by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“Federal Reserve”). The prudential standards for non-bank SIFIs include enhanced RBC requirements, leverage limits, liquidity requirements, single counterparty exposure limits, governance requirements for risk management, stress test requirements, special debt-to-equity limits for certain companies, early remediation procedures, and recovery and resolution planning. In April 2023, FSOC proposed new guidance to revise the process for designating non-bank financial companies as a SIFI. If the FSOC were to designate SFG as a non-bank SIFI, SFG would become subject to certain of these enhanced prudential standards.

The Dodd-Frank Act also established a Federal Insurance Office (the “FIO”) within the Treasury Department. The Dodd-Frank Act authorizes the FIO to assist the Secretary of the Treasury Department in negotiating covered agreements. A covered agreement is an agreement between the U.S. and one or more foreign governments, authorities or regulatory entities, regarding prudential measures with respect to insurance or reinsurance. The FIO is further charged with determining, in accordance with the procedures and standards established under the Dodd-Frank Act, whether state laws are preempted by a covered agreement.

Pursuant to this authority, in September 2017, the U.S. and the EU signed a covered agreement to address, among other things, reinsurance collateral and insurance group supervision requirements (the “EU Covered

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Agreement”), and the U.S. released the Policy Statement, providing the U.S.’ interpretation of certain provisions in the EU Covered Agreement. The Policy Statement provides that the U.S. expects that the group capital calculation developed by the NAIC will satisfy the EU Covered Agreement’s group capital assessment requirement. See “Regulation – Capital Requirements.” In addition, on December 18, 2018, a Bilateral Agreement between the U.S. and U.K. on Prudential Measures Regarding Insurance and Reinsurance, or the “UK Covered Agreement,” was signed in anticipation of the United Kingdom’s exit from the EU.

U.S. state regulators had until September 22, 2022 to adopt reinsurance reforms removing reinsurance collateral requirements for EU and UK reinsurers that meet the prescribed minimum conditions set forth in the applicable EU Covered Agreement or UK Covered Agreement or state laws imposing such reinsurance collateral requirements may be subject to federal preemption. The NAIC has adopted revisions to the Credit for Reinsurance Model Law and Model Regulation that would, if adopted into law by state legislatures, implement the reinsurance collateral provisions of the EU Covered Agreement and UK Covered Agreement. Iowa has substantially adopted such amendments to the Credit for Reinsurance Model Law and Regulation. We cannot predict with any certainty what the impact of implementation of the EU Covered Agreement or the UK Covered Agreement will be on our business and whether the interpretation of the provisions of the EU Covered Agreement and the UK Covered Agreement will change.

The Company is required to comply with Statutory Accounting Principles (“SAP”). SAP and various components of SAP (such as actuarial reserving methodologies) are subject to review by the NAIC and its task forces and committees, as well as state insurance departments, in an effort to address emerging issues and otherwise improve or alter financial reporting. Various proposals are currently pending before committees and task forces of the NAIC, some of which, if adopted, would negatively affect our reported financial position or operations. See “Regulation – NAIC – Recent Statutory Accounting Principles Working Group Proposals.”

Compliance with applicable laws and regulations is time consuming and personnel-intensive, and changes in these laws and regulations may materially increase the Company’s direct and indirect compliance efforts and other expenses of doing business.

The regulatory framework at the state and federal level applicable to our insurance company subsidiaries’ products is evolving. The changing regulatory framework could affect the design of such products and our insurance company subsidiaries’ ability to sell certain products. Any changes in these laws and regulations could materially and adversely affect Midland National’s business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, there is risk that any particular regulator’s or enforcement authority’s interpretation of a legal issue may change over time to Midland National’s detriment, or that changes in the overall legal environment may, even absent any particular regulator’s or enforcement authority’s interpretation of a legal issue changing, cause Midland National to change its views regarding the actions it needs to take from a legal risk management perspective, thus necessitating changes to its practices that may, in some cases, limit its ability to grow and improve the profitability of its business.

We face risks relating to litigation, including the costs of such litigation, management distraction and the potential for damage awards, which may adversely impact our business.

We are occasionally involved in litigation, both as a defendant and as a plaintiff. In addition, state regulatory bodies, such as state insurance departments, the SEC, FINRA, the DOL and other regulatory bodies regularly make inquiries and conduct examinations or investigations concerning our compliance with, among other things, insurance laws, securities laws, ERISA, and laws governing the activities of broker-dealers. Such regulatory examinations and investigations may result in fines, recommendations for corrective action or other regulatory actions. Companies in the life insurance and annuity business have faced litigation, including class action lawsuits, alleging improper product design, improper sales practices and similar claims. Plaintiffs in class action and other lawsuits against Midland National may seek very large or indeterminate amounts, including compensatory, liquidated, punitive and/or treble damages, which may remain unknown for substantial periods of

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time. Civil jury verdicts have been returned against insurers and other financial services companies involving sales, underwriting practices, product design, product disclosure, administration, denial or delay of benefits, charging excessive or impermissible fees, recommending unsuitable products to customers, breaching fiduciary or other duties to customers, refund or claims practices, alleged agent misconduct, failure to properly supervise representatives, relationships with agents or other persons with whom the insurer does business, payment of sales or other contingent commissions and other matters. Such lawsuits can result in substantial judgments that are disproportionate to actual damages, including material amounts of punitive or non-economic compensatory damages. In some states, juries, judges and arbitrators have substantial discretion in awarding punitive, or non-economic, compensatory damages, which creates the potential for unpredictable material adverse judgments or awards in any given lawsuit or arbitration. Arbitration awards are subject to very limited appellate review. In addition, in some class action and other lawsuits, financial services companies have made material settlement payments. In any event, responding to any such inquiries, examinations, investigations and lawsuits, regardless of the ultimate outcome of the proceeding, is time-consuming and expensive and can divert the time and effort of our management from its business. Moreover, even if we ultimately prevail in any such litigation, regulatory action or investigation, we could suffer significant harm to our reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, including our ability to attract new customers, retain current customers and recruit and retain employees and agents.

Our business may be negatively affected by adverse publicity or increased governmental and regulatory actions with respect to us, other well-known companies or the financial services industry in general.

Governmental scrutiny with respect to matters relating to compensation and other business practices in the financial services industry has increased dramatically in the past several years and has resulted in more aggressive and intense regulatory supervision and the application and enforcement of more stringent standards. The 2008 financial crisis and the current political and public sentiment regarding financial institutions has resulted in a significant amount of adverse press coverage, as well as adverse statements or charges by regulators and elected officials. Press coverage and other public statements that assert some form of wrongdoing, regardless of the factual basis for the assertions being made, could result in some type of inquiry or investigation by regulators, legislators and/or law enforcement officials or in lawsuits. Responding to these inquiries, investigations and lawsuits, regardless of the ultimate outcome of the proceeding, is time-consuming and expensive and can divert the time and effort of our senior management from its business. Adverse publicity, governmental scrutiny, pending or future investigations by regulators or law enforcement agencies and/or legal proceedings involving us can also have a negative impact on our reputation and on the morale and performance of employees, and on business retention and new sales, which could adversely affect our businesses and results of operations.

Changes in U.S. federal and state securities laws and regulations may affect our operations and our profitability.

U.S. federal and state securities laws, and FINRA rules apply to sales of our variable annuity products (which are considered to be both insurance products and securities) as well as to sales of third-party investment products. As a result, some of our subsidiaries and the products they offer are subject to regulation under these federal and state securities laws. Our insurance subsidiaries’ separate accounts are registered as investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940. Some variable annuity contracts issued by our insurance company subsidiaries also are registered under the Securities Act of 1933. One of our other subsidiaries is registered as a broker-dealer under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 with the SEC and is a member of, and subject to, regulation by FINRA, and is also registered as a broker-dealer in various states, as applicable. Securities laws and regulations are primarily intended to ensure the integrity of the financial markets and to protect the securities markets and investment advisory and brokerage clients. Broker-dealers are subject to laws and regulations governing all aspects of the securities business including, but not limited to, sales and trading practices. These laws and regulations generally grant supervisory agencies broad administrative powers, including the power to limit or restrict the conduct of business for failure to comply with those laws and regulations. A number of

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changes have recently been proposed to the laws and regulations that govern the conduct of our variable insurance products and retirement business and our distributors that could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Changes to these laws or regulations that restrict the conduct of our business could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Changes in federal income taxation laws, including any reduction in individual income tax rates, may affect sales of our products and profitability.

The annuity and life insurance products that we market generally provide the contract holder with certain federal income tax advantages. For example, federal income taxation on any increases in non-qualified Insurance Contract values (i.e. the “inside build-up”) is deferred until it is received by the contract holder. With other savings investments, such as certificates of deposit and taxable bonds, the increase in value is generally taxed each year as it is realized. Additionally, life insurance death benefits are generally exempt from income tax.

From time to time, various tax law changes have been proposed that could have an adverse effect on our business, including the elimination of all or a portion of the income tax advantages described above for annuities and life insurance. If legislation were enacted to eliminate all or a portion of the tax deferral for annuities, such a change would have an adverse effect on our ability to sell non-qualified annuities. Non-qualified annuities are annuities that are not sold to a qualified retirement vehicle.

The amount of Midland National’s statutory capital it must hold can vary significantly from time to time and is sensitive to a number of factors outside of our control, including securities market and credit market conditions.

Insurance regulators and the NAIC prescribe accounting standards and statutory capital and reserve requirements for SFG’s insurance company subsidiaries. The NAIC has established regulations that provide minimum capitalization requirements based on RBC formulas for life, health and property and casualty companies. The RBC formula for life companies establishes capital requirements relating to insurance, business, asset and interest rate risks, including equity, interest rate and expense recovery risks associated with variable life, annuities and group annuities that contain death benefits or certain living benefits.

In any particular year, statutory surplus amounts and RBC ratios may increase or decrease depending on a variety of factors, including the amount of statutory income or losses, the amount of additional capital Midland National must hold to support business growth, changes in securities market levels, the value of certain fixed maturity and equity securities in Midland National’s investment portfolio, changes in interest rates, as well as changes to the NAIC RBC formulas. Increases in the amount of required statutory reserves reduce the statutory capital used in calculating Midland National’s RBC ratios.

In addition, there have been recent regulatory changes made by, and continue to be projects underway with various working groups of the NAIC that may impact the classification and capital charges of our investments held by our insurance company subsidiaries. Such changes could lead to a lower RBC ratio for our insurance company subsidiaries. A material decrease in our insurance company subsidiaries’ RBC ratios could adversely affect our business.

Reinsurance may not be available, affordable or adequate to protect us against losses.

As part of our overall risk management strategy, we purchase reinsurance for certain risks underwritten by our various business segments. While reinsurance agreements generally bind the reinsurer for the life of the business reinsured at generally fixed pricing, market conditions beyond our control determine the availability and cost of the reinsurance protection for new business. In certain circumstances, the price of reinsurance for business already reinsured may also increase. Any decrease in the amount of reinsurance will increase our risk of loss and any increase in the cost of reinsurance will, absent a decrease in the amount of reinsurance, reduce our earnings.

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Accordingly, we may be forced to incur additional expenses for reinsurance or may not be able to obtain sufficient reinsurance on acceptable terms, which could adversely affect our ability to write future business or result in the assumption of more risk with respect to those policies we issue. If the counterparties to our reinsurance or indemnification arrangements or to the derivatives we use to hedge our business risks default or fail to perform, we may be exposed to risks we had sought to mitigate, which could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We use reinsurance, indemnification and derivatives to mitigate our risks in various circumstances. In general, reinsurance does not relieve us of our direct liability to our contract holders, even when the reinsurer is liable to us.

Accordingly, we bear credit risk with respect to our reinsurers and indemnitors. A reinsurer’s or indemnitor’s insolvency, inability or unwillingness to make payments under the terms of reinsurance agreements or indemnity agreements with us could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations, including our liquidity.

Differences between actual claims experience and underwriting and reserving assumptions may adversely affect our financial results.

Our earnings significantly depend upon the extent to which our actual claims experience is consistent with the assumptions we use in setting prices for our products and establishing liabilities for future policy benefits and claims. Such amounts are established based on estimates by actuaries of how much we will need to pay for future benefits and claims. To the extent that actual claims experience is less favorable than the underlying assumptions we used in establishing such liabilities, we could be required to increase our liabilities.

Due to the nature of the underlying risks and the high degree of uncertainty associated with the determination of liabilities for future policy benefits and claims, we cannot determine precisely the amounts which we will ultimately pay to settle our liabilities. Such amounts may vary from the estimated amounts, particularly when those payments may not occur until well into the future (including deviations resulting from errors in the calculation of estimated amounts). We evaluate our liabilities periodically based on accounting requirements, which change from time to time, the assumptions used to establish the liabilities, as well as our actual experience. If the liabilities originally established for future benefit payments prove inadequate, we must increase them. Such increases would affect earnings negatively in the period in which the increase is made and have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Our risk management policies and procedures, including hedging programs, may prove inadequate for the risks we face, which could negatively affect our business or result in losses.

We have developed risk management policies and procedures and expect to continue to do so in the future. Nonetheless, our policies and procedures to identify, monitor and manage risks may not be fully effective, particularly during extremely turbulent times. Many of our methods of managing risk and exposures are based upon observed historical market behavior or statistics based on historical models. As a result, these methods may not predict future exposures, which could be significantly greater than historical measures indicate. Other risk management methods depend on the evaluation of information regarding markets, customers, catastrophe occurrence (including public health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic) or other matters that is publicly available or otherwise accessible to us. This information may not always be accurate, complete, up-to-date or properly evaluated. Management of operational, legal and regulatory risks requires, among other things, policies and procedures to record and verify large numbers of transactions and events. These policies and procedures may not be fully effective.

We employ various strategies, including hedging and reinsurance, with the objective of mitigating risks inherent in our business and operations. These risks include current or future changes in the fair value of our assets and liabilities, current or future changes in cash flows, the effect of interest rates, securities markets and credit spread

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changes, the occurrence of credit defaults, currency fluctuations and changes in mortality and longevity. We seek to control these risks by, among other things, entering into reinsurance contracts and derivative instruments, such as swaps, options, futures and forward contracts. Developing an effective strategy for dealing with these risks is complex, and no strategy can completely insulate us from such risks. Our hedging strategies also rely on assumptions and projections regarding our assets, liabilities, general market factors and the creditworthiness of our counterparties that may prove to be incorrect or prove to be inadequate. Accordingly, our hedging activities may not have the desired beneficial impact on our results of operations or financial condition. Hedging strategies involve transaction costs and other costs, and if we terminate a hedging arrangement, we may also be required to pay additional costs, such as transaction fees or breakage costs. We may incur losses on transactions after taking into account our hedging strategies. Further, the nature, timing, design or execution of our hedging transactions could actually increase our risks and losses. Our hedging strategies and the derivatives that we use, or may use in the future, may not adequately mitigate or offset the hedged risk and our hedging transactions may result in losses.

We face competition from companies that have greater financial resources, broader arrays of products, higher ratings and stronger financial performance, which may impair our ability to retain existing customers, attract new customers and maintain our profitability and financial strength.

We operate in a highly competitive industry. Many of our competitors are substantially larger and enjoy substantially greater financial resources, higher ratings by rating agencies, broader and more diversified product lines and more widespread agency relationships. Our annuity products compete with index, fixed rate and variable annuities sold by other insurance companies and also with mutual fund products, traditional bank investments and other retirement funding alternatives offered by asset managers, banks and broker-dealers. Our insurance products compete with those of other insurance companies, financial intermediaries and other institutions based on a number of factors, including premium rates, policy terms and conditions, service provided to distribution channels and contract holders, ratings by rating agencies, reputation and commission structures.

Our ability to compete depends in part on returns and other benefits we make available to our contract holders through our life insurance and annuity products. We will not be able to accumulate and retain assets under management for our products if our investment results underperform the market or the competition, since such underperformance likely would result in asset withdrawals and reduced sales.

The level of competition among providers of life insurance, annuities and other retirement solutions products may increase as a result of the continuing consolidation of the financial services industry. Mergers and consolidations could increase, as companies seek to improve their competitive position through increased market share, economies of scale and diversification of products and services.

We compete for distribution sources for our products. We believe that our success in competing for distributors depends on our financial strength, the services we provide to and the relationships we develop with these distributors, as well as offering competitive commission structures. Our distributors are generally free to sell products from whichever providers they wish, which makes it important for us to continually offer distributors products and services they find attractive. If our products or services fall short of distributors’ needs, we may not be able to establish and maintain satisfactory relationships with distributors of our life insurance and annuity products. Our ability to compete in the past has also depended in part on our ability to develop innovative new products and bring them to market more quickly than our competitors. In order for us to compete in the future, we will need to continue to bring innovative products to market in a timely fashion. Otherwise, our revenues and profitability could suffer.

If we are unable to attract and retain national marketing organizations and independent agents, sales of our products may be reduced.

We distribute our life insurance and annuity products through a variable cost distribution network. We must attract and retain such marketers and agents to sell our products. Insurance companies compete vigorously for

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productive agents. We compete with other life insurance companies for marketers and agents primarily on the basis of our financial position, support services, compensation and product features. Such marketers and agents may promote products offered by other life insurance companies that may offer a larger variety of products than we do. Our competitiveness for such marketers and agents also depends upon the long-term relationships we develop with them. There can be no assurance that such relationships will continue in the future. If we are unable to attract and retain sufficient marketers and agents to sell our products, our ability to compete and our revenues would suffer.

Our profitability may decline if mortality rates or persistency rates or other assumptions differ significantly from pricing expectations.

We set prices for many of our insurance and annuity products based upon expected claims and payment patterns, using assumptions for mortality, persistency (how long a contract stays in force) and interest rates. In addition to the potential effect of natural or man-made disasters and catastrophic occurrences and pandemics, significant changes in mortality could emerge gradually over time, due to changes in the natural environment, the health habits of the insured population, effectiveness of treatment for disease or disability, or other factors. In addition, we could fail to accurately anticipate changes in other pricing assumptions, including changes in interest and inflation rates. Significant negative deviations in actual experience from our pricing assumptions could have a material adverse effect on the profitability of our products. Our earnings are significantly influenced by the claims paid under our insurance contracts and will vary from period to period depending upon the amount of claims incurred. There is only limited predictability of claims experience within any given month or year. Our future experience may not match our pricing assumptions or our past results. As a result, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

Guarantees within certain of our products may decrease our earnings, increase the volatility of our results, result in higher risk costs and expose us to increased counterparty risk.

Certain of our life and annuity products include guaranteed benefits, including guaranteed minimum death benefits, guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits, guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits, and guaranteed minimum income benefits. These guarantees are designed to protect contract holders against significant downturns in securities markets and interest rates. Any such periods of significant and sustained downturns in securities markets, increased equity volatility, or reduced interest rates could result in an increase in the valuation of our liabilities associated with those products. An increase in these liabilities would result in a decrease in our net income.

We use risk management strategies to mitigate the liability exposure and the volatility of net income associated with these liabilities. These strategies involve the use of reinsurance, which may not be completely effective. For example, in the event that reinsurers are unable or unwilling to pay, we remain liable for the guaranteed benefits.

Furthermore, we are subject to the risk that changes in contract holder behavior or mortality, combined with adverse market events, produce economic losses not addressed by the risk management techniques employed. These, individually or collectively, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, including net income, financial condition or liquidity.

The loss of key employees could disrupt our operations.

Our success depends in part on the continued service of key executives and our ability to attract and retain additional executives and employees. The loss of key employees, or our inability to recruit and retain additional qualified personnel, could cause disruption in our business and prevent us from fully implementing our business strategies, which could materially and adversely affect our business, growth and profitability. We also rely upon the knowledge and experience of employees involved in functions that require technical expertise in order to provide for sound operational controls for our overall enterprise, including the accurate and timely preparation of

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required regulatory filings and financial statements and operation of internal controls. A loss of such employees could adversely impact our ability to execute key operational functions and could adversely affect our operational controls.

Any failure to protect the confidentiality of client information could adversely affect our reputation and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and other aspects of our business.

Pursuant to U.S. federal and state laws, and laws of other jurisdictions in which we operate, various government agencies have established rules protecting the privacy and security of personal information, including personally identifiable policyholder information. In addition, most U.S. states and a number of jurisdictions outside the U.S., have enacted laws, which vary significantly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, to safeguard the privacy and security of personal information, including personally identifiable policyholder information. Further, the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999, imposes privacy and data security requirements on financial institutions, including obligations to protect and safeguard consumers’ nonpublic personal information and records, and limits the ability to share and reuse such information with third parties. Many regulators have indicated an intention to take more aggressive enforcement actions regarding cybersecurity and data privacy matters, and private litigation resulting from such matters is increasing and resulting in progressively larger judgments and settlements.

Many of our employees have access to, and routinely process, personal information of clients through a variety of media, including IT systems. We rely on various internal processes and controls to protect the confidentiality of client information that is accessible to, or in the possession of, our company and our employees. It is possible that an employee could, intentionally or unintentionally, disclose or misappropriate confidential client information, including personally identifiable policyholder information, or our data could be the subject of a cybersecurity attack. Publicly-reported cybersecurity threats and incidents have increased in recent years, and financial services companies and their third-party service providers are increasingly the targets of cyberattacks involving encryption and/or threat to disclose personal or confidential information (i.e., ransomware) or disruptions of communications (i.e., denial of service) to extort money or for other malicious purposes. The use of remote or flexible work arrangements, remote access tools, and mobile technology have expanded potential cyberattack surfaces. If we fail to maintain adequate internal controls or if our employees fail to comply with our policies and procedures, misappropriation or intentional or unintentional inappropriate disclosure or misuse of client information, including personally identifiable policyholder information, could occur. Such internal control inadequacies or non-compliance could materially damage our reputation or lead to civil or criminal penalties, which, in turn, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, our third-party service providers, including third parties to whom we outsource certain of our functions, are also subject to the risks outlined above, any one of which could result in damage to our reputation, our incurring substantial costs or other negative consequences to us. If we or any of our third-party service providers fail to protect the confidentiality of client information, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In addition, we analyze customer data to better manage our business. There has been increased scrutiny, including from regulators, regarding the use of “big data,” such as using it to set product pricing. Our ability to use data to gain insights into and manage our business may be limited in the future by regulatory scrutiny. We cannot predict what, if any, actions may be taken with regard to “big data,” but any inquiries into such use by regulators or other governmental authorities could cause reputational harm and any limitations could have a material impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Controls and business continuity plans surrounding our ITInformation Technology (“IT”) could fail or security could be compromised, which could damage our business and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Our business is highly dependent upon the effective operation of our IT. We rely on IT throughout our business for a variety of functions, including processing claims and applications, providing information to contract holders

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and distributors, performing actuarial analyses and maintaining financial records. We have also begun to offer term life insurance products, and may in the future offer other of our products, through digital distribution platforms. Despite the implementation of security and back-up measures, our IT may be vulnerable to physical or electronic intrusions, computer viruses or other attacks (including ransomware and malware), programming errors and similar disruptive problems. Due to the increasing sophistication of cyberattacks, it is possible a cybersecurity incident may occur and persist for some time without detection. The failure of controls and/or business continuity plans surrounding our IT for any reason could cause significant interruptions to our operations, which could result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. We plan to continue to make significant investments in IT to support the growth of our business.

We retain confidential information within our IT, and we rely on sophisticated commercial technologies to maintain the security of those systems. Anyone who is able to circumvent our security measures and penetrate our IT could access, view, misappropriate, alter, or delete any information in the systems, including personally identifiable contract holder information and proprietary business information. Federal regulatory requirements and all fifty states require entities to provide notification to affected state residents and, in certain instances, state and federal regulators in the event of certain security breaches affecting personal information or information systems that contain personal information or confidential information. Any compromise of the security of our computer systems or those of our third- party business partners and service providers, that results in unauthorized access to our data could expose us to a disruption and challenges relating to our daily operations, as well as to data loss, litigation, damages, fines and penalties, significant increases in compliance costs and reputational damage, any of which could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and other expenses.

We may not be successful in implementing our business strategy of developing new products and services.

As part of our business strategy, we plan to develop innovative products and services in order to provide our distribution partners with a comprehensive suite of life and annuity products and services. Due to the inherent uncertainties, such new and expanded strategic initiatives expose us to a number of risks and challenges, including the following: new and expanded business activities may require unanticipated capital expenditures and involve additional compliance requirements; new and expanded business activities may result in less growth or profit from what we currently anticipate, and there can be no assurance that such business activities will become profitable at the level we desire or at all; we may fail to identify and enter into new business opportunities in a timely fashion, putting us at a disadvantage vis-à-vis competitors; and we may need to hire or retrain personnel who are able to supervise and conduct the relevant business activities.

We may also seek, evaluate or engage in potential acquisitions, mergers, joint ventures, strategic alliances or other similar opportunities. The prospects of these initiatives are uncertain, and there can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully implement or grow new ventures, and these ventures may prove more difficult or costly than what we originally anticipated. In addition, we regularly review the profitability and growth potential of our existing and new business. As a result of such review, we may decide to exit from or to reduce the resources that we allocate to new ventures in the future. There is a risk that these ventures may not achieve profitability or operational efficiencies to the extent originally anticipated, and we may fail to recover investments or expenditures that we have already made. Any of the foregoing may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.

Regulatory changes regarding the standard of care or standard of conduct applicable to entities and individuals that recommend or sell our products may have a material and adverse effect on our business.

The financial services industry has seen many instances of regulations implemented at both the state and federal levels, which will and may continue to impact the way retirement advice is provided and products are manufactured, distributed, and sold. In 2016, the Department of Labor (DOL) issued rulemaking redefining the term “fiduciary” and significantly expanding the circumstances under which certain insurance companies may

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become fiduciaries of employee benefit plans and individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”). This rule was struck down by the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals on March 15, 2018. In 2020, DOL finalized a new “best interest” prohibited transaction exemption (“PTE”) for investment advice fiduciaries under ERISA. The preamble of the PTE restored the five– part test for determining fiduciary status that existed prior to the 2016 rule, but it also asserted that advice to roll over assets from a qualified plan or an IRA may constitute investment advice. On October 31, 2023, the DOL released a proposed rule that would amend the definition of the term “Fiduciary” as it relates to ERISA plans and IRAs. The DOL’s proposed rule and any subsequent legal challenges to the rule could require the Company or our distributors to reevaluate or change our current business practices and could incur significant ongoing compliance costs.

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) created an entirely new set of rules revising, and in some cases, interpreting standard of care rules for securities transactions. Since the SEC’s Regulation Best Interest became effective on June 30, 2020, it has been a focus of SEC examination. In addition, a majority of states have adopted the 2020 revisions to the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) Suitability in Annuity Transactions Model Regulation. However, some individual states have proposed or adopted individual state fiduciary rules. Although most states have pursued uniformity, the standards in each state can vary in scope, applicability, and timing of implementation.

There remains significant uncertainty surrounding the final form that this regulatory framework may take. Regulatory uncertainty will continue as additional state and federal proposals are introduced and deliberated, and the results could change the way investment advisers, agents, and financial institutions conduct business, how our products are marketed and offered by distributors, impact customer demand, or increase our compliance burdens and expenses. For example, our distributors may choose to limit the products they offer, or we may find it necessary to adjust compensation arrangements, replace or engage additional distributors, or to limit the advice or assistance that we can provide to owners of our insurance products. Inconsistencies among the rules adopted by federal and state regulators could increase this impact.

Catastrophic event risks such as terrorist attacks, floods, severe storms or hurricanes, computer cyber-terrorism, or public health crises (such as the COVID-19 pandemic) could have a material and adverse effect on our business in several respects by:

• causing long-term interruptions in our service and the services provided by our significant vendors;

• creating economic uncertainty, and reducing or halting economic activity;

• disrupting the financial markets and adversely affecting the value, volatility, and liquidity of securities and other instruments;

• increasing mortality or mortality risks that could adversely affect our claims experience, the actuarial assumptions that underlie our insurance products, and the costs of reinsurance.

The extent to which these types of catastrophic events, including the recent COVID-19 pandemic, may impact our business, results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, or prospects will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

Recent failures in the United States banking system could impact the Company through additional regulatory action, economic impact, and changes to policyholder behavior.

In 2023, the US banking system experienced failures of Silvergate Bank, Silicon Valley Bank, Signature Bank, and First Republic Bank and significant liquidity concerns across the banking industry, particularly among regional banks. Regulators have acted and continue to focus on further potential systemic risk. The Company does have exposure to non-Systematically Important Financial Banks (“SIBs”), including preferred stock holding in First Republic Bank. As of December 31, 2022, less than 1% of the Company’s cash was deposited with

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non-SIBs. The Company is continuing to monitor the risks related to these events and all potential impacts to the Company. Potential impacts may include impacts to the Company’s investment portfolio, which could result in fair value changes and/or credit losses if economic conditions persist or worsen, including contagion to other areas of the US economy not currently experiencing economic stress. The Company may also see changes in policyholder behavior, including banks and/or assumptions including potential increase in policyholder surrenders or withdrawals. We continue to closely monitor these events. If other banks or financial institutions enter receivership or become insolvent in the future, there could be a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Set out below are the names and ages, as of November 1, 2023, of the directors and executive officers of Midland National and a description of the business experience of each of the respective individuals.

Name	Age	Position
Esfandyar E. Dinshaw	64	President, Chairman of the Board & Chief Executive Officer
Gerald R. Blair	57	President – Sammons Life Insurance Group
William L. Lowe	59	President – Sammons Institutional Group and Director
Joseph E. Paul	57	President – Sammons Corporate Markets
Teri L. Ross	58	President – Shared Services
Robert R. TeKolste	56	President – Sammons Independent Annuity Group and Director
David C. Attaway	50	Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer
Darron K. Ash	58	Director
Willard Bunn, III	79	Director
James Roderick Clark	73	Director
Thomas Corcoran	74	Director
Susan T. Deakins	62	Director
George A. Fisk	74	Director
William D. Heinz	75	Director
Michael M. Masterson	76	Director

Executive Officers and Directors

Esfandyar Dinshaw currently serves as Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Sammons Financial Group, Inc. Mr. Dinshaw is also President of Sammons Enterprises, Inc. and serves on the Board of Directors and Executive Committee. He also serves as Chairman of the Board for North American Company for Life and Health Insurance, Sammons Financial Group, Inc., Canal Reinsurance, MNL Reinsurance, and Solberg Reinsurance. Mr. Dinshaw has more than 40 years of experience in the insurance industry with four different companies. Mr. Dinshaw has Bachelor of Science degrees from both the University of Karachi and Drake University. He currently serves on the Board of the American Council of Life Insurers and is a past Chairman of the Board for LL Global (parent organization of LIMRA & LOMA), both insurance industry-related organizations.

Jerry Blair, ChFC, LLIF, is President – Sammons Life Group providing strategic direction for the individual life business of Sammons Financial Group. Mr. Blair is ultimately responsible for individual life insurance results for Midland National Life Insurance Company and North American Company for Life and Health in the personal producing general agent, IMO, MGA, NMO and registered representative channels. His nearly 35 years of experience in the insurance industry have provided a diverse background including personal sales, agent and registered representative recruiting, marketing and distribution management. Mr. Blair previously served as Chief Distribution and Sales Officer for Sammons Financial Group’s Life division. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Distribution Officer for Midland National Life. Mr. Blair joined Sammons Financial Group in 2005 as the Vice President of Life Sales for Midland National.

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William Lowe is President – Sammons Institutional Group. Inc., a member company of Sammons Financial Group. SIG provides individual retirement solutions to financial professionals in banks and broker/dealers through its wholesale divisions, Sammons Retirement Solutions and Midland Retirement Distributors. Prior to joining Sammons Financial Group in 2011, Bill spent 17 years at ING in a variety of leadership roles. In his over 35 years in the financial services industry, Bill has managed a broker/dealer, run 401(k), IRA, and annuity businesses, and has a successful track record creating and distributing 401(k)s, variable annuities, fixed annuities, life insurance, mutual fund products, and managed accounts. Bill has a bachelor’s degree in Business Administration and Computer Science from Doane University. He has participated in executive programs at Dartmouth and the University of Chicago, and completed the CEDEP General Management Program at Insead in Fountainebleu, France. He is a General Securities Principal, Investment Advisory Representative, Chartered Life Underwriter, Chartered Financial Consultant, and Fellow of the Life Management Institute. He is currently on the boards of the Insured Retirement Institute in Washington, D.C. and Meals from the Heartland in West Des Moines, Iowa.

Joseph Paul is President – Sammons Corporate Markets at the Company. Mr. Paul has more than 30 years in the financial services industry. He is a member of the Society of Actuaries and the American Academy of Actuaries. He joined the Company in 2004, after serving as vice president at Clarica Life Insurance Company. Prior to his position at Clarica, Mr. Paul worked in the individual actuarial department of Minnesota Mutual Life Insurance Company. He holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in mathematics and a minor in physics from College of St. Thomas.

Teri Ross is President – Shared Services at the Company. As president of this division, Ms. Ross is responsible for the operations of the agency, new business, underwriting, policy administration, and claims departments. She also oversees the information technology functions for the Company. Shared Services is the largest division at the Company, with over 950 employees who provide service to more than 1.6 million in-force life and annuity policies. She has over 30 years of experience in the financial services industry. Ms. Ross is a member of the LOMA Operations Leaders Roundtable Committee, and she has received numerous designations including Fellow, Life Management Institute (FLMI); LIMRA Leadership Institute Fellow (LLIF); Associate, Annuity Products and Administration (AAPA); and Associate, Customer Service (ACS). She previously served on the board for Big Brothers Big Sisters of Central Iowa. Ms. Ross is a graduate of the University of Northern Iowa where she received a B.A. in management.

Robert TeKolste, CLU, LLIF, is President, Sammons Independent Annuity Group at the Company. With more than 30 years of experience in the insurance industry, he has a diverse background including sales, marketing, and operations management, and has served in sales and marketing management roles for industry-leading insurance companies. He previously served as president of the Company’s Shared Services division, and was responsible for the agency, new business, underwriting, policy administration, claims, and information technology business functions. Mr. TeKolste has a Bachelor of Science degree from Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa.

David Attaway is Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer of the Company. Prior to joining Midland National Life Insurance Company in 2018, Mr. Attaway was the Chief Financial Officer at a large life insurance and annuity carrier from October 2013 to May 2018. Mr. Attaway has a Bachelor of Science degree in accounting from Clemson University in Clemson, South Carolina.

Darron Ash currently serves on the board of directors for Midland National Life Insurance Company, North American Company for Life and Health Insurance and Sammons Financial Group, Inc. Mr. Ash is the Chief Executive Officer and Executive Committee member for Sammons Enterprises, Inc., and has been with Sammons since 2006. Mr. Ash joined Sammons with 17 years of experience in the public accounting, private equity, consumer products manufacturing, and professional services industries. Mr. Ash has a B.B.A degree in science from Texas A&M University and a Master of Business Administration in finance from the University of Texas.

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Willard Bunn, III is an Independent Director of Midland National Life Insurance Company, North American Company for Life and Health Insurance, and Sammons Financial Group, Inc. Mr. Bunn currently is the Senior Advisor of Colonnade Advisors. He has served as chairman, chief executive, and/or director of several commercial banks in the course of his 50-year career. Mr. Bunn’s long career in the banking industry began at Chemical Bank in New York before he returned to Springfield, Illinois in 1978 to serve as Executive Vice President, and eventually Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Marine Corporation, a multibank holding company with $1.2 billion of assets. Following Marine’s merger with Banc One, he was appointed Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Banc One Illinois Corporation, a position which he held until 1994. Mr. Bunn went on to serve in various management positions with two investment banking firms. He served as a Director of Baytree Bank of Lake Forest, Illinois from its founding in 2000 and as Chairman of the Bank from April 2010 to August 2012. He served on the Board of Directors of CIB Marine Bancshares, Inc. until April 2020, a bank holding company based in Waukesha, Wisconsin. In addition, he served as Chairman of the Board for the Poetry Foundation until June 2020, a literary organization and publisher of Poetry magazine. Mr. Bunn is currently a Trustee Emeritus at Lawrenceville School. He serves as an advisory director of Chicago-based Campus2Career Transition Services, and a member of the valuation committee of The Banc Funds Company. Mr. Bunn holds a BA from Princeton University and an MBA from the University of Virginia. In addition, he holds the Series 79 securities license.

James Roderick Clark is an Independent Director serving on the board of directors for Sammons Enterprises, Inc., Midland National Life Insurance Company, North American Company for Life and Health Insurance, and Sammons Financial Group, Inc. Mr. Clark retired in 2009, after 35 years in the oilfield services business. Prior to retirement, he was President and Chief Operating Officer of Baker Hughes Incorporated, and was responsible for 30,000 employees operating in more than 90 countries. Before Baker Hughes, Mr. Clark was President of Sperry-Sun, a Halliburton company, from 1996 to 1999. He served on the Board of Directors of Ensco plc from 2008 to 2019 when Ensco merged with Rowan Companies plc, forming Valaris plc. Mr. Clark retired from the Board of Directors of Valaris in December 2019. He has served on the Board of Trustees of the Dallas Theological Seminary since 2006. Mr. Clark has a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Texas and a Master of Business Administration from the University of Texas.

Thomas Corcoran is an Independent Director serving on the board of directors of Midland National Life Insurance Company, North American Company for Life and Health Insurance, and Sammons Financial Group, Inc., and also as Chairman of Sammons Enterprises, Inc. He was a founder of FelCor Lodging Trust in 1991, a publicly-traded real estate investment trust focused exclusively on hotels. He served as Chief Executive Officer of FelCor from its founding until beginning his tenure as non-executive Chairman of its Board in 2006. Mr. Corcoran served as Chairman of FelCor until its merger with RLJ Lodging Trust in 2017. In addition to his role with Sammons, he is the Chairman and CEO of TCOR Hotel Partners, LLC. TCOR owns five hotels in Dallas and Austin, Texas, Tampa and Jacksonville, Florida and Baltimore, Maryland and seeks to acquire additional premium select service hotels. Mr. Corcoran’s other board appointments include the American Hotel & Lodging Association (AH&LA) and Dallas College Foundation. He is Past Chairman of AH&LA and Past Chairman of the IHG Owners Association. Mr. Corcoran has a Bachelor of Arts degree from Washburn University and a Juris Doctor degree from Washburn University Law School.

Susan T. Deakins is an Independent Director serving on the board of directors for Sammons Financial Group, Inc., Midland National Life Insurance Company, and North American Company for Life and Health Insurance. Ms. Deakins formerly served as a board member for Vantis Life Insurance Company and Vantis Life Insurance Company of New York and Chair, Director, SVP and CFO of PIA Reinsurance Company of Delaware I. She also previously served as Director, EVP and CFO for The Penn Insurance & Annuity Company, EVP, CFO and Treasurer for The Penn Mutual Life Insurance Company, CFO and Treasurer for Longevity Insurance Company, and as an Audit Committee member for Janney Montgomery Scott, LLC. Ms. Deakins holds a Bachelor of Science degree in economics from Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania and is a member of the Society of Actuaries.

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George A. Fisk is an Independent Director serving on the board of directors for Sammons Enterprises, Inc., Midland National Life Insurance Company, North American Company for Life and Health Insurance, and Sammons Financial Group, Inc. Mr. Fisk joined the Board of Prosperity Bancshares on November 1, 2019 in connection with the LegacyTexas Financial Group, Inc. merger. Mr. Fisk served as Independent Director of Prosperity Bancshares, Inc. until he resigned on October 5, 2022. Mr. Fisk served on the Board as Vice Chairman of both Legacy Texas and Legacy Texas Bank since January 2015, following completion of the merger of Viewpoint Financial Group, Inc. with Legacy Texas Group, Inc., where Mr. Fisk served as Chief Executive Officer and Vice Chairman since 2004. Between 2001 and 2004, Mr. Fisk served as shareholder of Fisk & Robinson, P.C., which merged with McGladrey LLP in 2001. He has worked in the financial services sector for more than 40 years. He is a former director of Independent Bankers Financial Corporation. Mr. Fisk is a former member of the Chief Executives Round Table, a former director of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas and the Freeman Company, and a former advisory board member of the College of Business of the University of North Texas and the Texas Tech University Graduate School of Banking. Mr. Fisk holds a B.A in government from Texas Tech University and an M.B.A. in banking and finance from the University of North Texas. Mr. Fisk is a Certified Public Accountant.

William Heinz is a director of Midland National Life Insurance Company and North American Company for Life and Health Insurance. He currently is a partner at the law firm Jenner & Block LLP in Chicago. He previously served on the Board of Directors of Partners Financial Group, a bank holding company, for approximately 10 years, from the time of its founding through its subsequent acquisition. He currently serves as counsel to the board of trustees of a Big Ten university, and has served as counsel on Sarbanes Oxley issues to the Audit Committees of publicly traded companies. Mr. Heinz is a Fellow of the American College of Trial Lawyers. He has served as the past State Chair for Upstate Illinois for the American College of Trial Lawyers, and has served in a variety of leadership roles at the Illinois State Bar Association, the Chicago Bar Association and the Association of Professional Responsibility Mr. Heinz has a Bachelor of Science degree from Millikin University and a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Illinois.

Michael Masterson is a director of Midland National Life Insurance Company and North American Company for Life and Health Insurance. Mr. Masterson was the Company’s past Chairman and CEO prior to his retirement in 2011. Mr. Masterson earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Minnesota and is a graduate of the University of Minnesota Executive Program, the Harvard Executive Program in Competitive Strategies, and the LIMRA Leadership Institute. He has also earned his CLU, ChFC, and LLIF designations and has been a member of various industry boards, including the LIMRA International Board, the National Endowment for Financial Education and the American Council of Life Insurers (ACLI) Board.

Executive Compensation

This section is a review, summary and overview of our executive compensation program.

Compensation Philosophy and Strategy

The focus when designing Midland National’s Executive Compensation program is on recruitment, retention and to reward talented individuals and we do so by providing fair and competitive total compensation. This is accomplished through structured compensation to avoid excessive risk taking and/or behaviors, but which encourages entrepreneurship and promotes exceptional performance. Our compensation programs are also designed to promote ethical long-term thinking consistent with our objective of creating ever increasing enterprise economic value through solid financial performance. We provide incentives to enhance shareholder value, drive value creation, increase profits and promote the best returns on capital invested. We recognize individuals who make significant contributions to Midland National’s performance.

Total compensation is based on a holistic approach and may include any or all of the following: annual base salary, annual bonus or incentive compensation, long-term bonus or other long-term compensation, deferred

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compensation, retirement plans such as ESOP, supplemental executive retirement plans and welfare benefits such as life, health and disability insurance.

Compensation will be market driven as determined by periodic independent surveys. We will regularly survey the marketplace to determine how our total compensation compares with similar positions, as well as comparison with peer companies where possible. The mix of compensation elements may vary due to specific market conditions for specialized jobs.

As an ESOP owned enterprise, it may not be possible to be competitive with the stock equity programs of peer publicly held companies or total compensation plans of private equity firms. Executive compensation must be consistent with the principles of employer ownership and long term value creation. While Executives have higher levels of responsibility and accountability, Midland National’s results reflect the efforts of all employees.

Performance-based compensation will be discretionary and not strictly formulaic. Discretion includes consideration of circumstances (positive or negative) beyond the control of the Executive that affect performance. In making decisions on compensation for Executives, both the Executive Committee and Independent Committee (Compensation Committee) will be guided by the fundamental principles of fairness. Both Committees have the discretion to make compensation decisions that reflect the individual contributions of an Executive to perpetuate Midland National’s existence by creating ever increasing enterprise economic value for the benefit of current and future generations of its employees in order to achieve equity, both internally and in the relevant marketplace.

Since the Executive Committee’s principal focus and duties concern perpetuating Midland National’s existence by creating ever increasing enterprise economic value for the benefit of current and future generations of its employees, it is desirable that the design of compensation programs for members support this focus.

Variable compensation elements for members should emphasize a focus on both the overall performance of Midland National, plus the performance of the Controlled Investments over which any member has lead management oversight responsibility. The overall performance of Midland National will generally be determined by the change in value year to year.

The Executive Committee will have oversight responsibility for the compensation of Midland National Senior Executives. As a general rule, this “covered group” will include the senior most leaders of any business unit, and their direct reports. There may be exceptions warranted where more are included in the covered group, however it will be rare to have fewer covered by this oversight. All recommendations for compensation changes, promotions, bonuses and awards will be reviewed on a “one over one” basis. For example, compensation changes requested for a subordinate will require the approval of at least one level above the requestor. The direct superior will have responsibility for making the compensation recommendation for a subordinate. Executive Committee approval will be required for any changes impacting the people and positions they oversee. With the exception of Executive Committee compensation, all recommendations will be reviewed and approved by the next higher level of management.

Annual rewards/incentives for team results should keenly focus leaders on a balance of both short and long term financial results. Individual Leadership Development Plans (LDP’s) and Discretionary Bonus Objectives (DBO’s) will also be reflected in the annual rewards/incentives.

Through this strategy, not only will we be able to attract and retain the top talent needed to achieve our growth and financial performance objectives, we will also incentivize our top talent to achieve the best possible results.

Compensation Principles

Determination of annual and long-term incentive awards is discretionary and will not use indexes or mechanical formulas. When a percentage of base pay is used to calculate a variable compensation award, the base

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compensation on the last day of the performance period should be used to determine the amount of variable award.

Role of the Executive Committee and Board of Directors

The Board of Directors consists of the Executive Committee members and the Independent Directors. The Executive Committee will have oversight responsibility for the compensation of Midland National Senior Executives. As a general rule, this “covered group” will include the senior most leaders of any business unit, and their direct reports.

Role of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of Midland National

The Independent Directors serve as the Compensation Committee. The Compensation Committee is responsible for reviewing and approving the Compensation Philosophy and Programs as recommended by the Executive Committee. The Compensation Committee is also responsible for creating the compensation incentive programs and plans for the Executive Committee. The Compensation Committee reviews and approves the compensation recommendations for the Executive Committee direct reports. The Compensation Committee is responsible for determining and approving the compensation awards (base, bonus, L-TIP) for the Executive Committee and Key Officers.

Role of Human Resources

The Human Resources Department is responsible for the administrative and support tasks related to compensation review and administration, as assigned by the Executive Committee and Compensation Committee. The Human Resources’ role includes preparing the compensation materials for the review of the Executive Committee and Compensation Committee, evaluating outside data and comparing to our organization, researching and understanding compensation plans in the market and assisting with the design of Company compensation programs and plans, and assisting the Compensation Consultant with relevant information and data.

Role of Compensation Consultant

When needed, the Company has retained Compensation consultants to assist and provide services including serving as an advisor to senior management on various issues relating to executive compensation practices. They also provide relevant market data and analysis and assist us in evaluating the competitiveness of the total compensation program.

Elements of the Total Rewards for our Executive Officers Compensation

• Base Salary

• Annual Executive Incentive Plan

• Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) (for some)

• Supplemental ESOP Plan (for some)

• Long-Term Incentive Plan (for some)

• Deferred Compensation Plan (for some)

• Executive Perquisites (Club memberships, cars, etc.)

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Base Salary

Our base compensation is designed to be competitive with our industry peers for each position. We do not seek to be the highest or the lowest, but strive to maintain a balanced mid-range approach, recognizing the value of all other forms of compensation. Base compensation may vary between individuals in like positions based on comparative job performance and experience. Additionally, we will attempt to promote exceptional performance through forms of variable pay which are intended to recognize and reward both individual and collective performance.

Compensation for Senior Executives is market driven as determined by periodic independent surveys (typically conducted every two to three years) for comparable responsibilities. Time in position, performance and experience will be used to determine positioning in the range.

Base salary is considered to be the least effective compensation tool for driving desired business results.

Annual Executive Incentive Plan (Bonus)

Focus is on variable “at risk” compensation. There are two components, operational performance and accomplishment of Discretionary Bonus Objectives (DBO’s).

We place a significant emphasis on operational performance such as annual financial results, with the balance of focus on personal accomplishments and DBO’s. Awards are not linear and not formulaic. Fairness and equity should be the benchmark rather than mechanical formulas. Awards should be based on what the individual has accomplished. A participant should not be rewarded for results that were due primarily to positive external factors, nor should a participant be significantly penalized for economic conditions that were uncontrollable and unavoidable.

Awards are based on a look back over the previous year’s results.

• Were the business initiatives identified in the prior year implemented in a timely and competent manner?

• Were there any unforeseen obstacles encountered and how well were these managed?

• Were overall business results achieved in a collaborative and sustainable manner?

• What was the degree of stretch in the business plan targets?

Changes to the design and format of this plan are made periodically as market conditions warrant and may occur during a plan year.

ESOP

Currently, the value of the ESOP as a retirement plan far exceeds that of most other retirement plans in existence. It is a long term plan that focuses employees on their contribution to value creation. For the Senior Executives participating in this plan, the portion of the ESOP that exceeds typical retirement plans is considered to be a form of long term compensation. This important component of compensation must be taken into consideration when determining the total rewards associated with a position.

ESOP Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP)

ESOP SERP A

IRS regulations limit qualified retirement plan contributions for highly compensated employees. This plan provides a “make whole” for qualified retirement benefits lost due to treasury limitations. There is an ESOP

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SERP A Plan and an ESOP SERP B Plan. Previous participation in the ESOP SERP A plan has been limited to the top leaders in each Business Unit. The ESOP award for each participant will be determined and any “lost benefit” not received from the ESOP due to maximum allocation limitations is calculated for each participant and placed in a phantom share account. The account can only be accessed after separation from service. If an individual is a participant in the ESOP SERP A they should also be a candidate for entry into the Deferred Compensation plan.

Contributions grow in value on the same basis as the qualified plan contributions. Timing and form of payment must be elected in advance. Changes to the design and format of this plan are made periodically as market conditions warrant.

ESOP SERP B

For the ESOP SERP B there is a review each year of potential new participants. The ESOP SERP B plan is not a phantom share account as is the ESOP SERP A plan but is instead a cash account. The cash account will be credited with an annual interest at the Executive Committee’s discretion. There is also a specific vesting requirement for the ESOP SERP B plan. The account can only be accessed after separation from service and upon attainment of 55 years of age and 10 years of service.

Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP)

Focus is on achievement of critical long-term financial goals, with particular emphasis on the creation of shareholder value. When reviewing business unit value we will look at value growth realized at the annual valuation, as well as dividends from the Business Units and cash invested in the Business Units. Not formulaic, to the extent possible performance and awards should be determined based on individual business unit results.

Participation typically includes the top operational leader in the business unit (President or CEO of a business unit) as well as designated participants considered to be high potentials in the business unit.

Currently, LTIP bonus targets are a percentage of a participant’s base salary. The LTIP bonus target percentage varies by participant. Performance is measured over a three-year period and awards vest over the three-year period following the end of the performance period. 50% of the award vests in the year following the performance period and 25% vesting occurs in each of the following two years.

Changes to the design and format of this plan are made periodically in order to respond to changes in the operating environment.

Deferred Compensation Plan

This plan provides a limited number of executives an opportunity to defer any form of cash compensation (base salary, annual Incentive or L-TIP).

This core purpose of Deferred Compensation is to increase focus on value creation. Therefore, it is desirable to link the interest credit or growth factor of these deferrals to the value created at SFG. This can be accomplished in a variety of ways such as stock price growth, Return on Investment (ROI), etc.

Limitations on upside potential and downside risk are provided in the current plan.

Taxes are deferred until actual receipt of funds. Timing and form of payments must be elected in advance. Currently, both a lump sum and annual installment option are available. Changes to the design and format of this plan are made periodically as market conditions warrant.

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Executive Perquisites

Automobile allowances and club memberships are provided where competitive market conditions warrant.

Other Compensation and Benefits

In addition to the compensation and benefits noted, we also offer our employees, including our Named Executive Officers (defined below), a benefits package that includes group health, dental and vision coverage, group life insurance, short and long-term disability coverage and various deferred compensation and retirement benefits.

The programs are reviewed annually to ensure that the benefits offered are beneficial to our employees, cost-effective and are competitive within our industry.

Tax-Qualified Retirement Plans

The following tax-qualified retirement plans are offered to eligible employees, including our Named Executive Officers:

Sammons Enterprises, Inc. 401(k) Plan

Sammons Enterprises, Inc. sponsors the 401(k) Plan, a tax-qualified plan for its eligible employees, including the Named Executive Officers. Eligible employees may contribute to the 401(k) Plan on a before tax or after tax Roth 401(k) basis (or any combination of the foregoing), up to a percentage of annual eligible compensation as defined in the plan. Before-tax and Roth 401(k) contributions are subject to contribution limits and compensation limits imposed by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). There is no company match.

Sammons Enterprises, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”). The ESOP is a plan designed to allow employees of a Sammons Enterprises, Inc. (“Sammons”) company that has adopted the ESOP, to accumulate a retirement benefit based on the value of Sammons Stock while an individual is actively employed by a Sammons company. The ESOP enables employees to acquire a retirement benefit based on the value of Sammons Stock without cost to the employee. Employees can use this benefit to increase their income in their retirement years.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

SEI indirectly owns 100% of the voting securities of Midland National. SEI’s principal executive offices are located at 5949 Sherry Lane Dallas, Texas 75225. SEI is 100% owned by its Employee Stock Ownership Trust (ESOT).

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Summary Compensation Table

The following table is a summary of information regarding the total compensation paid to our Named Executive Officers for the periods indicated.

Name and principal position(a)	Year (b)		Salary ($)(c)		Bonus ($)(d)		Stock awards ($)(e)	Option awards ($)(f)	Non-equity incentive plan compensation ($)(g)	Change in pension value and nonqualified deferred compensation earnings ($)(h)		All other compensation ($)(i)		Total ($)(j)
Esfandyar E. Dinshaw		2022	$	1,033,551	$	2,569,714				$	2,070,860	$	92,435	$	5,766,560
Chairman & CEO		2021	$	946,691	$	1,907,919				$	1,581,046	$	77,942	$	4,513,598
		2020	$	919,117	$	2,860,490				$	2,320,650	$	86,578	$	6,186,835
Robert R. TeKolste		2022	$	627,522	$	855,608				$	990,404	$	72,176	$	2,545,710
President – Sammons		2021	$	598,559	$	907,370				$	686,120	$	117,032	$	2,309,081
Institutional Annuity Group		2020	$	576,439	$	1,174,607				$	697,326	$	60,387	$	2,508,759
William L. Lowe		2022	$	621,904	$	1,287,727				$	462,455	$	76,381	$	2,448,467
President – Sammons		2021	$	593,201	$	1,173,220				$	916,116	$	87,475	$	2,770,012
Institutional Group		2020	$	571,279	$	1,357,130				$	219,492	$	60,296	$	2,208,197
John D Melvin		2022	$	717,500	$	330,000				$	0	$	403,631	$	1,451,131
Senior Vice President		2021	$	275,961	$	0				$	0	$	33,732	$	309,693
Chief Investment Officer		2020	$	0	$	0				$	0	$	0	$	0
David C. Attaway		2022	$	457,500	$	453,330				$	0	$	66,703	$	977,533
Vice President, Chief		2021	$	336,632	$	176,773				$	0	$	52,465	$	565,870
Financial Officer & Treasurer		2020	$	311,250	$	117,786				$	0	$	59,331	$	488,367

CEO PAY RATIO

In accordance with SEC rules, we determined the annual total compensation of our median compensated employee and presented a comparison of that annual total compensation to the annual total compensation of our CEO, Esfand Dinshaw.

• The 2022 annual total compensation of our CEO was $5,766,560.

• The 2022 annual total compensation of our median compensated employee was $105,902.50.

Accordingly, the ratio of our CEO’s annual total compensation to the annual total compensation of our median compensated employee for 2022 was 54 to 1.

Determining the Median Compensated Employee

To determine the median compensated employee, we took the following steps:

• We identified the Company’s employee population (excluding our CEO), consisting of full-time, part-time, and temporary employees, as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, our employee population consisted of 1,862 individuals.

• Compensation for full-time employees hired after January 1, 2022, was annualized for the full year 2022.

• We identified our median compensated employee, using total compensation as our compensation measure, which included base salary, bonus compensation, and allocations under the Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”). This methodology was consistently applied to all our employees included

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in the calculation and is consistent with the methodology we use for our NEOs as set forth in the 2022 Summary Compensation Table.

• With respect to the annual total compensation of our CEO, we included the amounts reported in the 2022 Summary Compensation Table included in this prospectus.

Our pay ratio and compensation amount have been calculated using methodologies and assumptions consistent with the SEC rules. The ratio and compensation amount may not be directly comparable to those of other companies because the methodologies and assumptions used to identify the median employee and determine that employee’s total compensation may vary significantly among companies.

Transactions with Related Persons Promoter and Certain Control Persons (amounts in $1,000’s)

The Company pays fees to SEI under management contracts that cover certain investment, accounting, employee benefit and management services. The Company was charged $45,222, $36,321 and $31,765 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to these contracts.

In 2013, the Company issued guaranteed investment contracts (“GICs”) to SEI for $102,000. In 2016, the Company issued additional GICs of $100,000. During 2020, the contracts were surrendered. In 2021, the Company reissued GICs to SEI for $200,000 that had been surrendered in 2020. In 2022, $101,000 of the contracts were surrendered. The remaining contracts have an account value of $100,687 at December 31, 2022 and are included in liabilities for deposit type funds in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. Interest incurred on these contracts was $1,689, $1,386 and $3,114 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The Company pays investment management fees to an affiliate, Guggenheim Partners Investment Management Inc. (“GPIM”). SEI holds an indirect interest in Guggenheim. During 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company incurred fees of $39,252, $53,321 and $47,585, respectively, for these investment management services. In 2022, the fee structure changed from being calculated based on the average fair value of invested assets under management multiplied by a contractual rate, to a fixed fee structure.

The Company also pays investment management fees to SFGAM. During 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company incurred $5,141, $0, and $0, respectively, for these investment management services. The fee is calculated based on the average fair value of invested assets under management multiplied by a contractual rate.

Guggenheim Commercial Real Estate Finance, LLC, (an indirect subsidiary of Guggenheim) provides commercial mortgage loan origination and servicing services for the Company. The Company incurred expense of $8,528, $7,651 and $7,776 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for these commercial mortgage services. The fee is calculated monthly based on the outstanding principal balance of the commercial mortgage loans and real estate owned multiplied by a contractual rate.

In December 2020, the Company originated a commercial mortgage loan for Pathfinder Ranches, LLC, which is an indirect subsidiary of SEI. The reported value was $0 and $25,000 at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and is reported in mortgage loans in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The loan had an interest rate of 4.35% and was to mature in 2027. During 2022, Pathfinder Ranches, LLC prepaid the entire remaining principal of the loan. A prepayment fee of $4,718 was collected at the time of the payoff. Interest earned on this loan was $1,147 and $1,088 in 2022 and 2021 respectively.

At December 31, 2022, the Company holds an investment security issued by GPIM. The security is reported in invested assets in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus at December 31, 2022 (6.82% interest, $51,406 par, $51,383 reported value, due 2023). At December 31, 2021, the security was reported in invested assets in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus (3.50% interest, $51,816 par, $51,778 reported value, due 2023).

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The Company holds $313,388 and $348,173 of investments in debt securities issued by affiliates which are reported in bonds in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company also holds $1,316,224 and $1,078,429 of limited partnership interests in affiliates which are reported in other invested assets in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company provided certain investment, accounting, policy administration and management services to North American. The Company received reimbursements of $156,558, $147,536 and $128,942 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain insurance and noninsurance services to MNL Re. The Company received reimbursements of $100 in each of 2022, 2021 and 2020 for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain insurance and noninsurance services to Solberg Re. The Company received reimbursements of $100 in each of 2022, 2021 and 2020 for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain insurance and noninsurance services to Canal Re. The Company received reimbursements of $100 in 2022 and 2021, and $125 in 2020.

The Company provided certain investment, accounting, payroll administration and management series to SIG for which it was reimbursed $6,019, $6,305 and $6,333 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain investment, accounting, payroll administration and management services to SFN for which it was reimbursed $22,781, $24,945 and $19,750 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain accounting, payroll administration and management services to Beacon. The Company received reimbursements of $747, $270, and $0 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain insurance and noninsurance services to SFG Bermuda. The Company received reimbursements of $1,500, $500, and $0 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company issued surplus notes payable to SFG. The borrowings were $1,237,000 and $1,037,000 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 respectively. The Company paid interest to SFG in the amount of $72,330, $65,213, and $54,350 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The Company is party to a coinsurance agreement with North American. In this indemnity agreement, the Company assumes 80% of all policies issued by North American on or after January 1, 2014 of specific annuity plans. The Company recognized $779, $775 and $12,929 at December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, of premium under this agreement in the statement of operations. The Company retrocedes 100% of this business to a third party reinsurer through a modified coinsurance agreement.

The Company has a coinsurance agreement with MNL Re, an affiliated limited purpose subsidiary life insurance company. The agreement has subsequently been amended to extend the term and increase the life insurance policies covered under the agreement. The Company ceded a defined block of permanent life insurance products to MNL Re. The Company recognized reserve credits of $1,299,032 and $1,318,921 under this agreement on December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are reflected as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits. The Company recognized $779,076 and $712,205 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of funds held under coinsurance under this agreement in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and

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surplus. The reserve credit was supported by a contingent note guarantee (“LLC Note”) with a balance of $513,753 and $606,715 for 2022 and 2021, respectively. The LLC Note held by MNL Re, which functions in a manner similar to a standby letter of credit and which Midland National is a beneficiary, is an admitted asset under Iowa prescribed practice and the surplus generated by this prescribed practice has been retained in the carrying value of MNL Re.

The Company has a coinsurance agreement with Solberg Re, an affiliated limited purpose subsidiary life insurance company. The agreement has subsequently been amended to extend the term and increase the life insurance policies covered under the agreement. The Company ceded a defined block of term life insurance to Solberg Re. The Company received experience refunds related to this agreement of $789, $10,241 and $18,170 during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company recognized reserve credits of $524,486, and $536,961 under this agreement on December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are reflected as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The Company recognized $201,852 and $198,999 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of funds held under coinsurance under this agreement which is reported as funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The reserve credit was supported by an LLC Note with a balance of $322,634 and $337,962 for 2022 and 2021, respectively. The LLC Note held by Solberg Re, which functions in a manner similar to a standby letter of credit and which Midland National is a beneficiary, is an admitted asset under Iowa prescribed practice and the surplus generated by this prescribed practice has been retained in the carrying value of Solberg Re.

The Company entered into a coinsurance agreement with Canal Re, an affiliated limited purpose subsidiary life insurance company. The Company ceded a defined block of term life insurance products to Canal Re. The Company received experience refunds related to this agreement of $27,653, $25,549, and $44,467 during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 respectively. The Company recognized reserve credits of $395,144 and $347,654 under this agreement on December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are reflected as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The Company recognized $166,262 and $146,400 at December 31, 2022 and 2020 of funds held under coinsurance under this agreement which is reported as funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The reserve credit was supported by an LLC Note with a balance of $228,882 and $201,253 for 2022 and 2021, respectively. The LLC Note held by Canal Re, which functions in a manner similar to a standby letter of credit and which Midland National is a beneficiary, is an admitted asset under Iowa prescribed practice and the surplus generated by this prescribed practice has been retained in the carrying value of Canal Re.

On October 31, 2021, the Company entered into a funds withheld coinsurance agreement with SFG Bermuda, an affiliated company domiciled in Bermuda, under which the Company ceded 100% of certain fixed index annuity policies issued prior to October 1, 2021. The Company also cedes 80% of all fixed index annuity policies issued on or after October 1, 2021. On July 1, 2022 the Company began ceding 80% of all fixed annuity policies issued. The Company ceded premiums of $3,410,246 during 2021, which includes the initial ceding premium on the inforce business ceded. The Company recognized $6,963,526 and $3,365,728 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of funds withheld under coinsurance under this agreement as a component of funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. Reserve credits of $6,952,687 and $3,356,579 associated with this agreement are reported as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The treaty also involved the coinsurance of interest maintenance reserves generated by the assets in the funds withheld portfolio. Interest maintenance reserve credits associated with this treaty of $393,146 and $490,480 are reported as a component of interest maintenance reserves in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

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EXPERTS

The financial statements of Midland National Life Insurance Company as of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022 included in this Prospectus have been so included in reliance on the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

The financial statements of Midland National Life Insurance Company Separate Account C are in the SAI. The SAI is part of the registration statement filed on Form N-4.

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operation

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

As an insurance company, we are required by state insurance regulation to hold a specified amount of reserves in order to meet the contractual obligations to our contract holders. Our reserves may be held in our general account, or with respect to certain products in our separate accounts. We monitor our reserves so that we hold sufficient amounts to cover actual or expected contract and claims payments. It is important to note, however, that there is no guarantee that we will always be able to meet our claims-paying obligations, and that there are risks to purchasing any insurance product or contract.

State insurance regulators also require insurance companies to maintain a minimum amount of capital, which acts as a cushion in the event that the insurer suffers a financial impairment, based on the inherent risks in the insurer’s operations. These risks include those associated with losses that we may incur as the result of defaults on the payment of interest or principal on our general account and separate accounts’ assets, as well as the loss in market value of those investments. We may also experience liquidity risk if our general account assets cannot be readily converted into cash to meet obligations to our contract holders or to provide collateral necessary to finance our business operations.

We strive to maintain a solid risk-adjusted capitalization for our current business strategy and related investment risks. Our capital position is supported by our operations and our fixed-income investment portfolio. In addition, we are subject to state insurance regulations based on the risk-based capital (“RBC”) requirements of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”) and report our RBC based on a formula calculated by applying factors to various asset, premium and statutory reserve items, as well as taking into account our risk characteristics. We currently target a RBC ratio (company action level) of 400%.

Selected Financial Data

	Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018
Statement of Operations Data:
Premium considerations:
Life	$	1,998,424	$	2,903,919	$	862,658	$	834,451	$	1,154,707
Annuity		1,995,393		1,173,790		5,587,095		2,421,597		2,526,365
Total premium considerations		3,993,817		4,077,709		6,449,753		3,256,048		3,681,072
Net investment income and other revenues		2,241,413		1,525,509		1,982,908		2,262,883		2,350,711
Total revenues		6,235,230		5,603,218		8,432,661		5,518,931		6,031,783
Total benefits and expenses		5,559,484		4,495,024		7,961,534		5,042,205		5,522,022
Net gain from operations before federal income taxes and before realized capital gains or (losses)		675,746		1,108,194		471,127		476,726		509,761
Net income	$	512,344	$	956,597	$	152,626	$	371,200	$	401,605

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	As of December 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018
Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and invested assets	$	68,506,437	$	65,411,142	$	59,094,762	$	53,060,013	$	51,705,164
Total admitted assets		77,808,910		74,338,746		67,262,504		60,416,251		57,914,703
Aggregate reserves for life and annuity contracts		45,321,010		43,928,249		43,223,475		38,935,399		37,541,225
Other liabilities		27,424,383		25,162,055		19,833,970		17,628,421		16,802,270
Total liabilities		72,745,393		69,090,304		63,057,445		56,563,820		54,343,495
Total capital and surplus		5,063,517		5,248,442		4,205,059		3,852,431		3,571,208

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operation

The following discussion provides an assessment of the statutory basis financial position and results of operations of Midland National. Statutory accounting practices (“SAP”) financial information is prepared and presented in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the NAIC and the Iowa Insurance Division. Certain differences exist between SAP and GAAP. See Note 1 of Midland National’s statutory basis audited financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this document, for a detail discussion of these differences.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements which can be identified by the use of terms such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “shall,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “seeks,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” or other comparable terms. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainty. Future events and outcomes may differ materially from those made or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. We do not assume any responsibility for actual future results that differ from expectations reflected in forward-looking statements. For more information about the risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements, please see “Risk Factors” in Section 7 – Midland National Life Insurance Company.

Overview

Midland National is a life insurance company domiciled in the state of Iowa. The Company offers a variety of financial and retirement products through multiple distribution channels. Its insurance products include life insurance, including bank and credit union-owned life insurance, and fixed and variable annuities.

Our primary sources of earnings are (i) the spread that we earn on our investments (i.e., net investment income less cost of money, which includes interest credited to contract holder accounts and costs of hedging) and (ii) mortality gains (i.e., premiums and other revenues offset by life death benefits and increases in reserves), offset by general and administrative expenses.

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Analysis of Results of Operations – Years Ended December 31, 2022 and 2021

The following table presents the statutory results of operations for the periods indicated:

	Year Ended December 31,						% Change
(dollars in thousands)	2022			2021
Revenues:
Life premium	$	1,998,424		$	2,903,919			-31	%
Annuity considerations		1,995,393			1,173,790			70	%
Net investment income		2,188,896			3,450,756			-37	%
Other income		52,517			(1,925,247	)		-103	%
Total revenues		6,235,230			5,603,218			11	%
Benefits and Expenses:
Policyholder benefits		3,151,700			3,260,079			-3	%
Change in policyholder reserves		1,392,761			704,775			98	%
Operating costs and other items		876,196			786,727			11	%
Transfers to interest maintenance reserve ceded		39,327			(513,281	)		-108	%
Net transfers to (from) separate accounts		99,500			256,724			-61	%
Total Benefits and Expenses		5,559,484			4,495,024			24	%
Operating results before Federal income taxes and realized capital gains (losses)		675,746			1,108,194			-39	%
Federal income taxes		130,924			122,814			7	%
Operating results before realized gains (losses)		544,822			985,380			-45	%
Realized gains (losses) net of federal income taxes		(32,478	)		(28,783	)		13	%
Net income	$	512,344		$	956,597			-46	%

Operating results before Federal income taxes and realized capital gains (losses) decreased 39% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 compared to the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2021. This decrease is primarily attributable to lower investment income from alternative investments and a reduction in earnings from company owned life insurance. In addition, earnings were impacted by lower equity markets which resulted in lower hedge proceeds relative to the increase in reserves on index products in 2022 compared to 2021. On October 1, 2021 the Company entered into a funds withheld coinsurance agreement with SFG Bermuda, an affiliated company domiciled in Bermuda. Under this indemnity agreement, the Company ceded 100% of certain fixed index annuity policies issued prior to October 1, 2021. The Company also cedes 80% of fixed index annuity policies issued on or after October 1, 2021 as well as 80% of MYGA policies issued on or after July 1, 2022. The Company recognized reserve credits of $6,953 million under this agreement as of December 31, 2022. The premium ceded in 2022 was $3,789 million.

Net income decreased 46% in 2022 compared to 2021. This decrease was driven by the same factors that impacted operating results in 2022 compared to 2021 as described in the previous paragraph.

Revenues

Total revenues increased 11% in the twelve months ended December 31, 2022 compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2021. Following is a discussion of the primary contributors to this increase.

Life insurance premiums decreased 31%. This decrease was primarily due to decrease in sales of bank owned life insurance. Annuity considerations in 2022 were 70% higher than 2021. This increase was primarily due to a $2.9 million ceded premium recorded in 2021 associated with the reinsurance of an inforce block of fixed indexed annuities to SFG Bermuda. Direct premiums increased in 2022 due to higher sales of fixed indexed annuities and multi-year guarantee annuities and an increase in issuance of new Pension Risk Transfer (“PRT”) policies.

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Net investment income decreased 37% in the 2022 period compared to 2021. The following table provides a summary of the components of net investment income:

	Year Ended December 31,					% Change
(dollars in thousands)	2022			2021
Revenues:
Bonds	$	2,351,761		$	2,313,227		2	%
Preferred stocks		88,961			79,100		12	%
Common stocks		15,105			13,208		14	%
Mortgage loans		183,527			188,120		-2	%
Real estate		6,525			10,074		-35	%
Policy loans		23,969			21,190		13	%
Cash and short-term investments		6,106			2,397		155	%
Derivative instruments		(403,530	)		764,920		-153	%
Other invested assets		197,483			289,754		-32	%
Other investment income		3,283			2,318		42	%
Total gross investment income		2,473,190			3,684,308		-33	%
Less: investment expenses		284,294			233,552		22	%
Net investment income	$	2,188,896		$	3,450,756		-37	%

The decrease in 2022 is primarily attributable to an decrease in income from derivative instruments. Derivative instruments primarily consist of derivatives purchased to economically hedge our exposure to fixed indexed annuity and universal life insurance policyholder obligations. Midland National recognizes index options and futures payouts as investment income. This income is also impacted by a corresponding increase in policyholder reserves. Index option and futures payouts decreased in 2022 compared to 2021 due to the relative decrease in annual returns on equity market indices during 2022 compared to 2021. Excluding derivative instruments, net investment income decreased 3% in 2022 compared to 2021. The decrease in net investment income, excluding derivative instruments, is attributable to decreased earnings from other invested assets and from indexed linked securities reported as bonds, partially offset by higher levels of invested assets.

The increase in other income is attributable to a smaller reserve adjustment on reinsurance ceded in 2022 (negative $304 million) compared to 2021 (negative $1,577 million). The reserve adjustments on reinsurance ceded relate to surrender activity on a closed block of annuities reinsured through a modified coinsurance agreement with an unaffiliated party and the decrease in other income related to this item is offset by a corresponding increase in net policy outflows ceded on the block reinsured. These increases were offset by decrease in earnings from MNL’s company owned life insurance (income of $33 million in 2022 compared to $176 million in 2021).

Benefits and Expenses

Policyholder benefits decreased 3% in 2022 compared to 2021. This was primarily attributable to a decline in net surrenders on annuities and a decline in life insurance death benefits incurred. Surrender and withdrawal benefits are offset by a corresponding decrease in policyholder reserves. The life death benefits result in an impact to operating earnings by the amount of benefit paid above the amount of policyholder reserve released, net of reinsurance.

Change in policyholder reserves increased 98% in 2022 compared to 2021. The increase in FIA, MYG and PRT sales in 2022 resulted in a larger increase in reserves. The $3,789 million of reinsurance premium ceded to SFG Bermuda during 2022 generated a reduction of reserve, and lower bank owned life and corporate owned life insurance sales in 2022 resulted in a lower increase in reserves relative to 2021.

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Operating costs and other items increased 11% in 2022 compared to 2021. This is primarily due to increases in salaries and other costs associated with growth related initiatives of the Company and higher commissions due to increases in life and annuity sales.

Within the funds withheld coinsurance treaty with an affiliate, SFG Bermuda, the Company recognized realized gains(losses) ceded of ($52) million and $649 million, respectively in 2022 and 2021 , which was reported as a component of other income in revenue. The Company also recognized transfers to interest maintenance reserve (“IMR”) ceded of $39 million and ($513) million in 2022 and 2021, respectively associated with the coinsurance of any IMR generated from net realized losses/gains generated on the assets in the funds withheld portfolio. The remaining unamortized ceded IMR balance of $393 million associated with this treaty is reported as a component of interest maintenance reserve in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022.

Net transfers to (from) separate accounts were $100 million in 2022 compared to $257 million in 2021, due to a decrease in variable annuity premium in 2022. Transfers to (from) separate accounts consist of the net transfer of premiums and benefits related to our variable life, variable annuity and bank owned life insurance. This transfer has no impact on the Company’s operations as the transferred premiums and benefits are reported elsewhere in the statement of operations.

Federal Income Taxes

The effective Federal income tax rate applicable to operations in 2022 was 4% compared to 14% in 2021. The decrease in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the impact of the tax credit bonds held and tax exempt income.

Realized Gains (Losses) Net of Federal Income Taxes

Realized losses net of federal income taxes in 2022 were $32 million compared to losses of $29 million in 2021. For statutory reporting purposes, realized gains (losses) reported on the statement of operations are net of gains and losses transferred to the Interest Maintenance Reserve (“IMR”). Amounts transferred to IMR, which is a liability reported in the statement of financial position, are gains and losses resulting from changes in interest rates and are amortized into operations over the estimated remaining lives of the securities sold. Gains and losses reported in the statement of operations are credit and non-interest related. The losses reported in 2022 and 2021 were primarily due to other than temporary impairments taken during 2022 that were driven by residual impacts in the aircraft sector, emerging market, high yield and privately placed direct lending credit exposure deterioration as well as an intent to sell a specific subset of securities prior to recovery. The losses reported in 2021 are primarily related to emerging market credit exposure deterioration and residual impacts in the aircraft sector from the post-pandemic era.

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Analysis of Results of Operations – Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2020

Selected Financial Data

	Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017
Statement of Operations Data:
Premium considerations:
Life	$	2,903,919	$	862,658	$	834,451	$	1,154,707	$	1,422,912
Annuity		1,173,790		5,587,095		2,421,597		2,526,365		2,620,471
Total premium considerations		4,077,709		6,449,753		3,256,048		3,681,072		4,043,383
Net investment income and other revenues		1,525,509		1,982,908		2,262,883		2,350,711		3,096,197
Total revenues		5,603,218		8,432,661		5,518,931		6,031,783		7,139,580
Total benefits and expenses		4,495,024		7,961,534		5,042,205		5,522,022		6,438,281
Net gain from operations before federal income taxes and before realized capital gains or (losses)		1,108,194		471,127		476,726		509,761		701,299
Net income	$	956,597	$	152,626	$	371,200	$	401,605	$	545,794
	As of December 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017
Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and invested assets	$	65,411,142	$	59,094,762	$	53,060,013	$	51,705,164	$	50,942,825
Total admitted assets		74,338,746		67,262,504		60,416,251		57,914,703		56,495,203
Aggregate reserves for life and annuity contracts		43,928,249		43,223,475		38,935,399		37,541,225		35,492,546
Other liabilities		25,162,055		19,833,970		17,628,421		16,802,270		17,588,595
Total liabilities		69,090,304		63,057,445		56,563,820		54,343,495		53,081,141
Total capital and surplus		5,248,442		4,205,059		3,852,431		3,571,208		3,414,062

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operation

The following discussion provides an assessment of the statutory basis financial position and results of operations of Midland National. Statutory accounting practices (“SAP”) financial information is prepared and presented in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the NAIC and the Iowa Insurance Division. Certain differences exist between SAP and GAAP. See Note 1 of Midland National’s statutory basis audited financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this document, for a detail discussion of these differences.

Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This prospectus contains forward-looking statements which can be identified by the use of terms such as “believes,” “expects,” “may,” “will,” “shall,” “should,” “would,” “could,” “seeks,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” “anticipates” or other comparable terms. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainty. Future events and outcomes may differ materially from those made or suggested by the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. We do not assume any responsibility for actual future results that differ from expectations reflected in forward-looking statements. For more information about the risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from forward-looking statements, please see “Risk Factors” in Section 7—Midland National Life Insurance Company.

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Overview

Midland National is a life insurance company domiciled in the state of Iowa. The Company offers a variety of financial and retirement products through multiple distribution channels. Its insurance products include life insurance, including bank and credit union-owned life insurance, and fixed and variable annuities.

Our primary sources of earnings are (i) the spread that we earn on our investments (i.e., net investment income less cost of money, which includes interest credited to contract holder accounts and costs of hedging) and (ii) mortality gains (i.e., premiums and other revenues offset by life death benefits and increases in reserves), offset by general and administrative expenses.

Analysis of Results of Operations – Years Ended December 31, 2021 and 2020

The following table presents the statutory results of operations for the periods indicated:

	Year Ended December 31,						% Change
(dollars in thousands)	2021			2020
Revenues:
Life premium	$	2,903,919		$	862,658			237	%
Annuity considerations		1,173,790			5,587,095			-79	%
Net investment income		3,450,756			2,320,212			49	%
Other income		(1,925,247	)		(337,304	)		471	%
Total revenues		5,603,218			8,432,661			-34	%
Benefits and Expenses:
Policyholder benefits		3,260,079			2,969,121			10	%
Change in policyholder reserves		704,775			4,300,648			-84	%
Operating costs and other items		786,727			694,142			13	%
Transfers to interest maintenance reserve ceded		(513,281	)		—			N/A
Net transfers to (from) separate accounts		256,724			(2,377	)		-10900	%
Total Benefits and Expenses		4,495,024			7,961,534			-44	%
Operating results before Federal income taxes and realized capital gains (losses)		1,108,194			471,127			135	%
Federal income taxes		122,814			125,687			-2	%
Operating results before realized gains (losses)		985,380			345,440			185	%
Realized gains (losses) net of federal income taxes		(28,783	)		(192,814	)		-85	%
Net income	$	956,597		$	152,626			527	%

Operating results before Federal income taxes and realized capital gains (losses) increased 135% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 compared to the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2020. This increase is primarily attributable to increased earnings generated from the growth in inforce life and annuity business in 2021. On October 1, 2021 the Company entered into a funds withheld coinsurance agreement with SFG Bermuda, an affiliated company domiciled in Bermuda. Under this indemnity agreement, the Company ceded 100% of certain fixed index annuity policies issued prior to October 1, 2021. The Company also cedes 80% of fixed index annuity policies issued on or after October 1, 2021 as well as 80% of MYGA policies issued on or after July 1, 2022.. The Company recognized reserve credits of $3,357 million under this agreement as of December 31, 2021. The premium ceded in 2021 was $3,410 million.

Net income increased 527% in 2021 compared to 2020. This increase was driven by lower levels of realized investment losses incurred in 2021 compared to 2020. The realized losses in 2021 were more typical of expected

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levels. The larger losses reported in 2020 are primarily attributable to other than temporary impairments recognized on several oil and gas exploration and production securities, asset backed securities in the air craft sector that were impacted by the Covid-19 pandemic and impairments on certain commercial mortgage loans.

Revenues

Total revenues decreased 34% in the twelve months ended December 31, 2021 compared to the twelve months ended December 31, 2020. Following is a discussion of the primary contributors to this decrease.

Life insurance premiums increased 237%. This increase was primarily due to increase of $1,374 million in sales of bank owned life insurance as well as the initial ceded premium on the New Re transaction in 2020 that did not reoccur in 2021. Annuity considerations in 2021 were 79% lower than 2020. This decrease was primarily due to the $3,410 million premium ceded to SFG Bermuda in 2021 and due to lower sales of Multi-Year Guarantee fixed annuities (MYG).

Net investment income increased 49% in the 2021 period compared to 2020. The following table provides a summary of the components of net investment income:

	Year Ended December 31,				% Change
(dollars in thousands)	2021		2020
Revenues:
Bonds	$	2,313,227	$	2,058,710		12	%
Preferred stocks		79,100		25,166		214	%
Common stocks		13,208		11,850		11	%
Mortgage loans		188,120		204,361		-8	%
Real estate		10,074		2,607		286	%
Policy loans		21,190		22,860		-7	%
Cash and short-term investments		2,397		5,046		-52	%
Derivative instruments		764,920		100,840		659	%
Other invested assets		289,754		127,347		128	%
Other investment income		2,318		1,152		101	%
Total gross investment income		3,684,308		2,559,939		44	%
Less: investment expenses		233,552		239,727		-3	%
Net investment income	$	3,450,756	$	2,320,212		49	%

The increase in 2021 is primarily attributable to an increase in income from derivative instruments. Derivative instruments primarily consist of derivatives purchased to economically hedge our exposure to fixed indexed annuity and universal life insurance policyholder obligations. Midland National recognizes index options and futures payouts as investment income. This income is also impacted by a corresponding increase in policyholder reserves. Index option and futures payouts increased in 2021 compared to 2020 due to the relative increase in annual returns on equity market indices during 2021 compared to 2020. Excluding derivative instruments, net investment income increased 21% in 2021 compared to 2020. The increase in net investment income, excluding derivative instruments, is attributable to increased earnings from higher levels of invested assets, and increased earned yields on other invested assets.

The decrease in other income is attributable to a larger reserve adjustment on reinsurance ceded in 2021 (negative $1,577 million) compared to 2020 (negative $524 million). The reserve adjustments on reinsurance ceded relate to significant surrender activity on a block of annuities reinsured through a modified coinsurance agreement with an unaffiliated party and the decrease in other income related to this item is offset by a corresponding increase in net policy outflows ceded on the block reinsured. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in earnings from MNL’s company owned life insurance (income of $175.8 million in 2021 compared to $90.1 million in 2020).

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Benefits and Expenses

Policyholder benefits increased 10% in 2021 compared to 2020. This was primarily attributable to an increase in life and annuity surrender, withdrawal and death benefits incurred. Surrender and withdrawal benefits are offset by a corresponding decrease in policyholder reserves. The life death benefits result in an impact to operating earnings by the amount of benefit paid above the amount of policyholder reserve released, net of reinsurance.

Change in policyholder reserves decreased 84% in 2021 compared to 2020. The reduction in MYG sales in 2021 resulted in a smaller increase in reserves. The $2,942 million of reinsurance premium ceded to SFG Bermuda generated a reduction of reserve. These items were offset by higher bank owned life and corporate owned life insurance sales in 2021 which increased the reserve.

Operating costs and other items increased 13% in 2021 compared to 2020. This is primarily due to increases in salaries and other costs associated with growth related initiatives of the Company.

Within the funds withheld coinsurance treaty with an affiliate, SFG Bermuda, the Company recognized realized gains ceded of $649 million, which was reported as a component of negative other income in revenue. The Company also recognized transfers to interest maintenance reserve (“IMR”) ceded of $513 million associated with the coinsurance of any IMR generated from net realized gains generated on the assets in the funds withheld portfolio. The remaining unamortized ceded IMR balance of $490 million associated with this treaty is reported as a component of interest maintenance reserve in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2021.

Net transfers to (from) separate accounts were $257 million in 2021 compared to $(2) million in 2020, due to an increase in variable annuity premium in 2021. Transfers to (from) separate accounts consist of the net transfer of premiums and benefits related to our variable life, variable annuity and bank owned life insurance. This transfer has no impact on the Company’s operations as the transferred premiums and benefits are reported elsewhere in the statement of operations. The net transfer increased in 2021 due to the additional variable annuity premiums received.

Federal Income Taxes

The effective Federal income tax rate applicable to operations in 2021 was 14% compared to 27% in 2020. The decrease in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the impact of the tax credit bonds held and tax exempt income.

Realized Gains (Losses) Net of Federal Income Taxes

Realized losses in 2021 were $29 million compared to losses of $193 million in 2020. For statutory reporting purposes, realized gains (losses) reported on the statement of operations are net of gains and losses transferred to the Interest Maintenance Reserve (“IMR”). Amounts transferred to IMR, which is a liability reported in the statement of financial position, are gains and losses resulting from changes in interest rates and are amortized into operations over the estimated remaining lives of the securities sold. Gains and losses reported in the statement of operations are credit and non-interest related. The losses reported in 2021 were primarily due to other than temporary impairments taken during 2021 that were driven by the COVID 19 pandemic and the associated economic ramifications that were more impactful to certain sectors such as aircraft. The losses reported in 2020 are primarily related to intent to sell designations on securities with oil and gas exposure that were uniquely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact it had on energy prices, recognition of impairment losses on specific asset-backed securities in the aircraft and CLO sectors and certain commercial mortgage loans uniquely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Cash inflows consist primarily of premiums and deposits on insurance and annuity products, investment income and proceeds from sales or maturities of investments. Cash outflows consist primarily of benefits to policyholders and beneficiaries, payments for policy and contract surrenders, dividends to Sammons Financial Group, payments for investments acquired, operating expenses and taxes.

Midland National structures its investment portfolio to provide liquidity for timely payment of policy benefits, operational expenses and other obligations such as dividends. Midland National’s cash and short-term invested assets were $722 million and $2,030 million at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $1,451 million and $1,219 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. Net cash flow from operating activities primarily consists of net investment income and premium receipts from insurance contracts less benefit payments, operating expenses and income taxes. The increase in cash provided by operating activities in 2022 is primarily due a reduction in surrenders, deaths and benefits paid to policyholders and an increase in ceding allowances received on reinsurance ceded, partially offset by a reduction in cash flow from investment income from derivatives used to hedge indexed life and annuity liabilities.

Cash flow from financing activities was $2,145 million and $4,075 million for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The cash flow in 2022 was primarily due to a increase in the funds withheld balance attributed continued ceded premium to SFG Bermuda, which offset ceded premium in operating activities partially offset by net outflows on deposit type contracts and dividends paid. The increase of cash in 2021 was primarily due to an increase in the funds withheld balance attributed to the execution of the SFG Bermuda treaty, which offset ceded premium in operating activities.

Midland National is a member of the FHLB of Des Moines. The FHLB membership provides the Company a borrowing facility with access to low cost funding. As members of the FHLB, Midland National is required to purchase and hold the FHLB common stock. In addition, Midland National is required to purchase activity common stock equal to 5% of outstanding borrowings. As of December 31, 2022, Midland National owned a total of $133 million of membership and activity common stock of the FHLB.

The Company utilizes the FHLB borrowing ability as a source of funding to complement its security lending program. The Company had total outstanding borrowings from the FHLB of $3,073 million at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021. These borrowings are fully secured by assets pledged as collateral to the FHLB. The total borrowing capacity available to the Company is dependent on the type and amount of assets eligible to be pledged as collateral. The Company believes it has sufficient assets available to be pledged as collateral to meet any unexpected liquidity need in the foreseeable future.

The Company utilizes a security lending program (primarily repurchase agreements) to enhance investment income. This program could be used as a source of short-term funds if the need arose. As of December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had outstanding repurchase agreements of $4,806 million and $4,509 million, respectively. The repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities and an agreement to repurchase the same securities at a later date at an agreed-upon price. Our policy requires that, at all times during the term of the repurchase agreements, cash or other types of collateral provided is sufficient to allow the counterparty to fund substantially all of the cost of purchasing replacement assets. The cash proceeds received under these repurchase agreements are typically invested in fixed income securities. The Company accounts for these transactions as secured borrowings, where the amount borrowed is tied to the fair value of the underlying collateral securities. The collateral for these agreements is reported in bonds in the balance sheet of the Company. Iowa, the state of domicile for the Company, limits the amount of securities lending to 10% of policyholder legal reserves. As of December 31, 2022, Midland National’s securities lending was 10% of policyholder legal reserves.

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At December 31, 2022 Midland National had outstanding capital commitments to limited partnerships of $1,510 million.

Insurance Policyholder Liabilities

Liquidity needs vary by product. Factors that affect each product’s need for liquidity include interest rate levels, contract size, competitive products, termination or surrender charges, market value adjustments, federal income taxes, benefit levels and level of underwriting risk. To help assure that obligations will be met when they fall due, the Company uses asset/liability cash flow management techniques that take into consideration current and total investment return requirements, asset and liability durations, risk tolerance, and cash flow requirements. The Company closely monitors the general account to assess asset/liability matching and to modify investment strategies and rebalance investment portfolio durations as necessary. The fair values for liabilities under all insurance contracts are taken into consideration in the overall management of interest rate risk.

The Company’s product features enhance its liquidity position. Virtually all individual deferred annuity products and universal life products contain surrender charges for varying durations, reducing the risk that customers will seek withdrawals during the period surrender charges are in place. Surrender charges allow the Company to better plan the maturities of its invested assets by reducing the risk that future cash outflows will exceed anticipated levels. Also, 66% of the Company’s in-force annuity products (measured by reserves) at December 31, 2022 had a market value adjustment (“MVA”) that protects the Company when surrenders occur as a result of changes in market interest rates.

The following table provides a summary of statutory annuity reserves by withdrawal characteristics:^(l)

(dollars in millions)	December 31, 2022
	Annuity Reserve Amount		Percent of Total
Subject to discretionary withdrawal:
With fair value adjustment	$	27,160,146		65	%
At fair value		2,060,022		5	%
At book value less surrender charge of 5% or more		90,884		—	%
Total with adjustment or fair value		29,311,052		70	%
At book value without adjustment		11,445,312		27	%
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal		1,277,846		3	%
Total		42,034,210		100	%
Reinsurance ceded		9,783,538
Total net of reinsurance	$	32,250,672

⁽¹⁾  Annuity contract reserves and deposit fund liabilities are monetary amounts that an insurer must have available to provide for future obligations with respect to annuities and deposit funds. These are liabilities on the balance sheets of financial statements prepared in conformity with statutory accounting practices. These amounts are at least equal to the value to be withdrawn by policyholders.

As indicated in the table above, 3% of policyholder funds at December 31, 2022 were not subject to discretionary withdrawal and another 70% were subject to adjustments and charges that are designed to protect the Company from early withdrawals in the event that they occur. We believe that this structure provides the Company with a relatively stable block of deposit liabilities which helps reduce the risk of unexpected cash withdrawals and the adverse financial effects cash withdrawals could cause.

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Certain of our life and annuity products include guaranteed benefits, including guaranteed minimum death benefits, guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits, guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits, and guaranteed minimum income benefits. These guarantees are designed to protect contract holders against significant downturns in securities markets and interest rates. Any such periods of significant and sustained downturns in securities markets, increased equity volatility, or reduced interest rates could result in an increase in the valuation of our liabilities associated with those products. An increase in these liabilities would result in a decrease in our net income.

Although cash flow testing includes many different scenarios, cash flow requirements are inherently unpredictable, as they are affected by external factors, such as changes in interest rates.

There can be no assurance that future experience regarding benefits and surrenders will be similar to historic experience because withdrawal and surrender levels are influenced by factors such as the interest rate environment and the Company’s claims-paying and financial strength ratings.

Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, Midland National’s total adjusted capital (“TAC”), as defined by the NAIC, was $5,655 million and $5,939 million, respectively. The TAC is used to calculate the Company’s risk based capital (“RBC”) at the end of each reporting period. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, Midland National’s company action level RBC was 404% and 448%, respectively. Midland National’s TAC is well in excess of all RBC standards as of both indicated reporting dates. In addition, Midland National monitors its capital levels as determined by each of its rating agencies (AM Best, Standard & Poor’s and Fitch). As of December 31, 2022 and 2021 Midland National’s capital exceeds the amount necessary to maintain its current ratings.

The following table summarizes the components of MNL’s TAC:

	December 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2022		2021
Capital and surplus	$	5,063,517	$	5,248,442
Asset valuation reserve		590,241		689,593
Subsidiaries’ asset valuation reserve		816		692
Total Adjusted Capital	$	5,654,574	$	5,938,727

The Company is wholly owned by SFG and its ability to pay dividends is limited by the laws of the state of Iowa, its state of domicile. Without prior approval of the commissioner of the Iowa Insurance Division, MNL is limited to pay ordinary dividends to SFG of $545 million in 2023. MNL paid dividends to SFG of $574 million in 2022, $300 million in 2021 and $205 million in 2020.

Midland National has three wholly owned limited purpose captive subsidiaries domiciled in the state of Iowa. The purpose of these captive subsidiaries is to provide statutory relief for redundant statutory required reserves on certain life insurance policies. The statutory relief is in the form of admissibility of qualifying regulatory defined other security assets. The following describes the arrangements applicable to each wholly owned limited purpose captive subsidiary.

Solberg Reinsurance Company (“Solberg Re”), a wholly owned limited purpose subsidiary domiciled in the state of Iowa, secured a contingent note guarantee from an unrelated third party insurance company. The contingent note guarantee supports redundant statutory required reserves on certain term life insurance policies assumed from Midland National and North American Company for Life and Health Insurance (“North American”), an affiliate of Midland National. The contingent note guarantee has a term of 18 years and has a maximum issuance amount of $632 million. The contingent note guarantee can be drawn upon when actual policy benefits applicable

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to the specific life insurance term policies exceed specified thresholds. Solberg Re does not anticipate drawing funds against the contingent note guarantee. The amount of the contingent note guarantee is reported as an admitted asset by Solberg Re.

MNL Reinsurance Company (“MNL Re”), another wholly owned limited purpose subsidiary domiciled in the state of Iowa, secured a contingent note guarantee by an unrelated third party for specific risks on certain permanent life insurance policies assumed by MNL Re from Midland National and North American. The contingent note guarantee has a term of 18 years and an aggregate maximum amount of $1,522 million. The contingent note can be drawn upon when actual policy benefits applicable to the specific permanent life insurance policies exceed certain thresholds. MNL Re does not anticipate drawing funds against the contingent note. The amount of the contingent note guarantee is reported as an admitted asset by MNL Re.

Canal Reinsurance Company (“Canal Re”), a wholly owned limited purpose subsidiary domiciled in the state of Iowa, was launched on September 30, 2019 at which time it secured a contingent note guarantee from an unrelated third party insurance company. The contingent note guarantee supports redundant statutory required reserves on certain term life insurance policies assumed from Midland National and North American. The contingent note guarantee has a term of 18 years and has a maximum issuance amount of $434 million. The contingent note guarantee can be drawn upon when actual policy benefits applicable to the specific life insurance term policies exceed specified thresholds. Canal Re does not anticipate drawing funds against the contingent note guarantee. The amount of the contingent note guarantee is reported as an admitted asset by Canal Re.

On December 31, 2020, the Company entered into a coinsurance agreement with a third party reinsurer. The Company has ceded a defined block of permanent life insurance products to the third party reinsurer. The Company recognized funds held under coinsurance under this agreement as a component of funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. A reserve credit associated with this agreement is reported as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

On October 31, 2021, the Company entered into a funds withheld coinsurance agreement with SFG Bermuda, an affiliated company domiciled in Bermuda, under which the Company ceded 100% of certain fixed index annuity policies issued prior to October 1, 2021. The Company also cedes 80% of all fixed index annuity policies issued on or after October 1, 2021 as well as 80% of MYGA policies issued on or after July 1, 2022. The Company ceded premiums during 2021 which includes the initial ceding premium on the inforce business ceded. The Company recognized funds held under coinsurance under this agreement as a component of funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021.

Midland National’s parent, SFG, has issued senior notes in 2013, 2017 and 2021. The proceeds from these notes issued in 2013 and 2017 were used to purchase surplus notes from SFG’s insurance subsidiaries to support business growth. Midland National received $142 million in 2013 and $295 million in 2017 as capital contributions from these senior note offerings to support its business growth. The proceeds from the notes issued in 2021 were used to support continued business growth. SFG has the ability to issue additional debt in order to support future business growth of Midland National and other insurance subsidiaries. SEI also has access a bank line of credit and other sources of capital that can be contributed to SFG and its insurance subsidiaries to support business growth.

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Investments

Midland National had total cash and invested assets of $68,506 million and $65,411 million at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, as illustrated below:

	December 31, 2022					December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value		% of Total Admitted Value			Admitted Value		% of Total Admitted Value
Cash and invested assets
Bonds	$	56,710,124		83	%	$	52,703,583		80	%
Stocks
Preferred stocks		1,653,807		2	%		1,920,572		3	%
Common-subsidiaries		264,909		0	%		269,866		0	%
Common-other		309,008		0	%		601,668		1	%
Mortgage loans		3,835,425		6	%		3,663,334		6	%
Real estate		99,050		0	%		100,145		0	%
Policy loans		459,745		1	%		416,799		1	%
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		722,450		1	%		2,029,737		3	%
Receivable for securities		4,686		0	%		54,083		0	%
Derivative instruments		621,508		1	%		519,979		1	%
Other invested assets		3,825,725		6	%		3,131,376		5	%
Total cash and invested assets	$	68,506,437		100	%	$	65,411,142		100	%

All investments held by the Company are monitored for conformity with the qualitative and quantitative limits prescribed by the Iowa insurance laws and regulations. In addition, the Company’s Board of Directors periodically reviews the investment portfolio, including its credit quality and performance. The Company’s investment strategy is to maintain a predominantly investment-grade, fixed maturity portfolio to provide adequate liquidity for projected insurance and reinsurance obligations, and to generate income while prudently managing the portfolio’s risk.

126

The following table summarizes the admitted values and estimated fair values of the Company’s bond portfolio for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	December 31, 2022							December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total Admitted Value			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total Admitted Value
Bonds
U.S. government	$	2,645,599	$	3,372,011		6	%	$	3,666,675	$	3,485,470		7	%
All other government		961,324		1,303,556		2	%		1,317,580		1,319,534		3	%
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		11,104,478		12,642,252		22	%		14,138,145		12,747,547		24	%
Industrial and miscellaneous		32,625,334		37,734,661		67	%		34,977,952		33,219,007		62	%
Bank loans		1,249,000		1,292,873		2	%		1,553,170		1,532,074		3	%
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		344,812		364,771		1	%		415,372		399,951		1	%
Total bonds	$	48,930,547	$	56,710,124		100	%	$	56,068,894	$	52,703,583		100	%
Preferred stock	$	1,601,753	$	1,653,807		100	%	$	1,941,730	$	1,920,572		100	%
Common stock
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates	$	264,909	$	264,909		46	%	$	269,866	$	269,866		31	%
Other		309,008		309,008		54	%		601,668		601,668		69	%
Total common stock	$	573,917	$	573,917		100	%	$	871,534	$	871,534		100	%

The Company’s rating designations are based on ratings from nationally recognized rating organizations, primarily those assigned by S&P, Moody’s Investor Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and Fitch. The Company’s bond portfolio consisted of 94% and 92% of investment grade securities at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The NAIC Securities Valuation Office (“SVO”) is responsible for the day-to-day credit quality assessment and valuation of securities owned by state-regulated insurance companies. Comparisons between the NAIC ratings and rating agency designations are published by the NAIC. The NAIC assigns securities quality ratings and uniform valuations, which are used by insurers when preparing their annual statements to their state insurance regulators. The NAIC ratings are similar to the rating agency designations of the Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (“NRSRO”) for marketable bonds. NAIC ratings 1 and 2 include bonds generally considered investment grade (rated Baa3 or higher by Moody’s, or BBB- or higher by S&P and Fitch), by such ratings organizations. NAIC ratings 3 through 6 include bonds generally considered below investment grade (rated Bal or lower by Moody’s, or rated BB+ or lower by S&P and Fitch). Typically, if a security has been rated by an NRSRO, the SVO utilizes that rating and assigns an NAIC designation based on the following system:

NAIC Rating	NRSRO Equivalent
1	Aaa/Aa/A
2	Baa
3	Ba
4	B
5	Caa and lower
6	In or near default

127

The following table summarizes Midland National’s bond portfolio by NAIC ratings:

(dollars in thousands)	At December 31, 2022					At December 31, 2021
	Admitted Value		% of Total			Admitted Value		% of Total
NAIC Designation
1	$	33,331,016		59	%	$	31,480,717		60	%
2		19,544,817		34	%		17,033,032		33	%
3		2,074,143		4	%		2,343,375		4	%
4		1,377,295		2	%		1,608,286		3	%
5		364,796		1	%		194,186		0	%
6		18,057		0	%		43,987		0	%
Total Bonds	$	56,710,124		100	%	$	52,703,583		100	%

The admitted value of investments in bonds, by contractual maturity, are summarized below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties:

(dollars in thousands)	At December 31, 2022					At December 31, 2021
	Admitted Value		% of Total			Admitted Value		% of Total
Contractual maturity
Due in one year or less	$	647,759		1	%	$	415,341		1	%
Due after one year through five years		4,942,884		9	%		4,694,504		9	%
Due after five years through ten years		6,982,739		12	%		8,628,922		16	%
Due after ten years		29,947,902		53	%		26,470,606		50	%
Securities not due at a single maturity date (primarily mortgage-backed securities)		14,188,840		25	%		12,494,210		24	%
Total Bonds	$	56,710,124		100	%	$	52,703,583		100	%

Important factors in the selection of investments include diversification, credit quality, liquidity, yield and call protection. The relative importance of these factors is determined by market conditions and underlying product or portfolio characteristics. The largest asset class in which bonds were invested was Industrial and Miscellaneous, which constituted 67% and 62% of bonds at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The following tables summarize the Company’s sector allocation, admitted values, estimated fair values and ratings distribution for Industrial and Miscellaneous bonds at December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	At December 31, 2022							At December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
Industrial & Miscellaneous
Insurance	$	3,036,691	$	3,569,694		9	%	$	3,283,294	$	3,101,856		10	%
Banking		2,981,799		3,347,904		8	%		2,949,926		2,695,286		9	%
Military Housing		2,723,791		3,020,483		8	%		3,521,588		3,066,281		10	%
CLO		2,455,669		2,609,555		7	%		2,476,778		2,467,544		8	%
Energy		2,128,434		2,549,136		7	%		2,389,636		2,254,598		7	%
Consumer Non Cyclical		1,817,306		2,235,984		6	%		1,959,280		1,860,209		6	%
Transportation		1,870,979		2,180,156		6	%		2,580,528		2,560,206		9	%
Communications		1,288,655		1,604,980		4	%		1,376,247		1,322,214		4	%
Consumer Cyclical		1,320,738		1,542,173		4	%		1,336,256		1,259,133		4	%

128

	At December 31, 2022							At December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
Technology		1,118,747		1,353,221		4	%		1,166,640		1,112,884		3	%
Whole Business		1,167,712		1,343,628		4	%		1,079,947		1,045,656		3	%
Basic		1,047,378		1,273,745		3	%		1,146,432		1,107,366		3	%
Brokerage/Asset Managers/Exchanges		997,470		1,261,806		3	%		1,140,652		1,093,176		3	%
Financial		861,736		1,020,492		3	%		1,056,667		1,041,403		3	%
CRE-CLO		994,360		1,019,013		3	%		443,794		439,528		1	%
Other Industrials		591,521		736,819		2	%		577,226		563,321		2	%
Electric		557,805		648,746		2	%		462,282		436,076		1	%
Sovereign		493,319		573,817		2	%		482,575		472,750		1	%
Capital Goods		499,349		570,419		2	%		651,148		616,037		2	%
Other ABS		523,309		566,166		2	%		371,071		371,690		1	%
Prime		414,153		484,576		1	%		117,604		109,914		0	%
Finance Company		410,798		479,410		1	%		383,447		370,301		1	%
Other Financials		381,619		449,564		1	%		513,474		496,311		1	%
CTL		399,602		441,869		1	%		480,574		460,804		1	%
CDO		357,988		424,116		1	%		467,490		465,644		1	%
Cell Tower		324,145		378,246		1	%		249,190		240,261		1	%
REIT		319,799		360,927		1	%		305,302		289,694		1	%
Triple Net Lease		314,429		348,500		1	%		340,710		336,524		1	%
Agency		279,551		326,466		1	%		543,735		511,906		2	%
Traditional-Conduit		236,327		268,359		1	%		270,698		264,106		1	%
Traditional-Single Borrower		222,719		232,287		1	%		118,892		114,317		0	%
Alt-A		97,227		100,637		0	%		154,137		142,142		0	%
Hospital		47,893		58,103		0	%		—		—		0	%
Diversified Payment Rights		52,659		55,110		0	%		75,672		73,012		0	%
Subprime		47,175		46,160		0	%		69,293		60,074		0	%
Power		40,318		45,656		0	%		50,740		45,740		0	%
University		41,343		44,377		0	%		—		—		0	%
Housing		40,377		42,835		0	%		—		—		0	%
Other		30,498		33,041		0	%		172,565		152,570		0	%
Re-Remic		35,739		29,187		0	%		42,078		33,355		0	%
Automotive		13,882		13,916		0	%		22,027		21,635		0	%
State		11,548		12,718		0	%		—		—		0	%
City		9,905		10,898		0	%		—		—		0	%
Fixed Income		8,301		8,301		0	%		—		—		0	%
Water & Sewer		5,352		5,888		0	%		—		—		0	%
Servicing Advance		3,235		3,575		0	%		3,545		3,573		0	%
Non-Traditional		846		907		0	%		25,342		21,113		0	%
School		761		715		0	%		—		—		0	%
Consumer Unsecured		377		380		0	%		806		797		0	%
Credit Card		—		—		0	%		118,664		118,000		0	%
Total Industrial & Miscellaneous	$	32,625,334	$	37,734,661		100	%	$	34,977,952	$	33,219,007		100	%

129

	At December 31, 2022							At December 31,2021
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
NAIC Designation
1	$	14,679,507	$	16,650,238		44	%	$	15,186,861	$	14,351,105		43	%
2		15,904,380		18,650,407		50	%		16,952,795		16,138,032		49	%
3		1,539,497		1,837,259		5	%		2,148,649		2,052,333		6	%
4		456,117		545,430		1	%		631,011		622,149		2	%
5		32,221		37,851		0	%		20,109		18,641		0	%
6		13,612		13,476		0	%		38,527		36,747		0	%
Total Industrial & Miscellaneous	$	32,625,334	$	37,734,661		100	%	$	34,977,952	$	33,219,007		100	%

The following table summarizes the Company’s sector allocation, admitted values, estimated fair values and ratings distribution for Bank Loans at December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	At December 31, 2022							At December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
Bank Loans
Consumer Non Cyclical	$	343,241	$	367,419		29	%	$	262,403	$	261,231		17	%
Technology		204,476		209,456		16	%		291,556		283,546		19	%
Consumer Cyclical		160,912		165,004		13	%		248,281		250,484		16	%
Transportation		130,192		130,858		10	%		154,223		152,242		10	%
Other Industrials		101,174		105,279		8	%		48,898		47,433		3	%
Capital Goods		96,479		99,257		8	%		120,229		120,782		8	%
Brokerage/Asset Managers/Exchanges		86,197		89,931		7	%		97,701		96,690		6	%
Basic		33,444		33,527		3	%		14,178		9,703		1	%
Communications		27,131		29,515		2	%		135,307		131,570		9	%
Other Financials		27,923		29,222		2	%		3,287		3,294		0	%
Electric		25,669		25,687		2	%		66,723		65,738		4	%
Energy		8,544		4,084		0	%		74,017		73,246		5	%
REIT		3,618		3,634		0	%		2,907		2,907		0	%
Finance Company		—		—		0	%		33,460		33,208		2	%
Total Bank Loans	$	1,249,000	$	1,292,873		100	%	$	1,553,170	$	1,532,074		100	%

(dollars in thousands)	At December 31, 2022							At December 31, 2021
	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
NAIC Designation
1	$	38,605	$	42,155		3	%	$	16,560	$	16,495		1	%
2		183,041		184,226		14	%		239,993		234,495		15	%
3		92,910		94,674		7	%		153,988		153,508		10	%
4		768,559		804,795		63	%		984,782		972,246		64	%
5		160,708		162,443		13	%		145,103		148,091		10	%
6		5,177		4,580		0	%		12,744		7,239		0	%
Total Industrial & Miscellaneous	$	1,249,000	$	1,292,873		100	%	$	1,553,170	$	1,532,074		100	%

130

The following tables summarize the security type, admitted values, estimated fair values and ratings distribution for the Company’s investments in Parents, Subsidiaries and Affiliates at December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	At December 31, 2022							At December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
Parent, Subsidiaries and Affiliates
Issuer Obligations/Affiliates	$	5,780	$	3,343		1	%	$	7,147	$	3,717		1	%
Structured Securities/Affiliates		288,204		310,045		85	%		356,340		344,456		86	%
Bank Loans/Affiliates		50,828		51,383		14	%		51,885		51,778		13	%
Total Parent, Subsidiaries and Affiliates	$	344,812	$	364,771		100	%	$	415,372	$	399,951		100	%

	At December 31, 2022							At December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
NAIC Designation
1	$	121,314	$	120,321		33	%	$	318,386	$	307,877		77	%
2		944		1,060		0	%		11,668		11,427		3	%
3		66,169		68,116		19	%		52,895		52,788		13	%
4		10,708		10,772		3	%		389		405		0	%
5		145,677		164,502		45	%		32,034		27,454		7	%
6		—		—		0	%		—		—		0	%
Total Parent, Subsidiaries and Affiliates	$	344,812	$	364,771		100	%	$	415,372	$	399,951		100	%

Mortgage Loans

The following tables outline the Company’s mortgage loans by property type:

(dollars in thousands)	At December 31, 2022						At December 31, 2021
	Admitted Value			% of Total			Admitted Value			% of Total
Property Type
Office	$	1,683,399			44	%	$	1,414,498			38	%
Retail		770,983			20	%		751,517			21	%
Hotel		646,030			17	%		537,453			15	%
Industrial		302,512			8	%		324,901			9	%
Multi-family		275,721			7	%		419,901			11	%
Other		123,418			3	%		179,145			5	%
Medical		36,818			1	%		37,893			1	%
Residential		—			0	%		—			0	%
Less: Allowance		(3,456	)		0	%		(1,974	)		0	%
Total Mortgage Loans	$	3,835,425			100	%	$	3,663,334			100	%

131

The following tables outline the Company’s mortgage loans by geographic location:

(dollars in thousands)	At December 31, 2022						At December 31, 2021
	Admitted Value			% of Total			Admitted Value			% of Total
Geographic Location
Pacific	$	1,065,106			27	%	$	1,109,602			30	%
South Atlantic		946,011			25	%		1,150,440			31	%
Middle Atlantic		914,950			24	%		459,839			13	%
Mountain		364,931			10	%		376,391			10	%
New England		167,405			4	%		216,389			6	%
East South Central		136,932			4	%		43,000			1	%
East North Central		120,789			3	%		143,258			4	%
West North Central		75,909			2	%		58,205			2	%
West South Central		46,848			1	%		108,184			3	%
Less: Allowance		(3,456	)		0	%		(1,974	)		0	%
Total Mortgage Loans	$	3,835,425			100	%	$	3,663,334			100	%

The following table summarizes the Company’s mortgage loans by year of origination, current carrying value, average loan-to-value (“LTV”) at date of origination and range of interest rates.

(dollars in thousands)			Range of LTV at Origination		Admitted Value as of December 31, 2022			% of Total
Year of Origination	Interest Rate Range
2018 and prior		3.55% – 7.35%		42% – 76%	$	2,040,199			53	%
2019		3.55% – 8.00%		48% – 68%		450,629			12	%
2020		3.39% – 4.85%		44% – 70%		138,752			4	%
2021		3.00% – 4.25%		51% – 68%		346,420			9	%
2022		3.50% – 9.97%		11% – 67%		862,881			22	%
Less: Allowance						(3,456	)		0	%
	$	—		—  %	$	3,835,425			100	%

132

Other Invested Assets

Other invested assets are comprised of limited partnerships, limited liability companies, residual equity interests, collateral loans, surplus notes and reverse mortgages. The following table summarizes the admitted value and unfunded commitments for the categories of other invested assets reported in the Company’s balance sheet.

	At December 31, 2022				At December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value		Unfunded commitments		Admitted Value		Unfunded commitments
Investments that have underlying characteristics of:
Mortgage loans	$	250,637	$	61,563	$	229,341	$	82,871
Fixed income instruments-Unaffiliated		67,020		97,475		35,592		80,014
Fixed income instruments-Affiliated		283,789		6,286		326,392		—
Common stocks-Unaffiliated		1,040,467		739,286		685,866		620,270
Common stocks-Affiliated		720,193		73,807		531,687		26,411
Real estate		16,531		460,962		33,149		1,133
Surplus Notes		990,447		—		910,580		—
Collateral loans-Unaffiliated		116,436		—		134,479		112,437
Collateral loans-Affiliated		305,222		—		220,351		190,830
Miscellaneous other		34,983		—		23,939		—
Total other invested assets	$	3,825,725	$	1,439,379	$	3,131,376	$	1,113,966

Derivatives

Derivatives consist of options, futures, interest rate floors, interest rate swaps and foreign currency forwards. Midland National uses derivative instruments to manage its fixed indexed and policy obligations, interest guarantees and interest rate and credit risks applicable to its investments.

Derivatives are financial instruments whose values are derived from interest rates, financial indices, or other prices of securities. Under Iowa insurance statutes, Midland National may use derivatives to hedge market values or cash flows of assets or liabilities; to replicate cash market instruments; and for limited income generating activities. Midland National is prohibited from using derivatives for speculative purposes.

133

The following table presents the estimated fair value and admitted value for assets and reported value for liabilities of derivatives:

	At December 31, 2022				At December 31, 2021
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value
Derivative instruments:
Assets:
Call options	$	599,246	$	546,347	$	451,286	$	1,470,505
Futures		4,342		4,342		63,187		63,187
Interest rate floors		—		—		3,695		3,695
Interest rate swaps		16,085		2,658		1,293		1,293
Foreign exchange forwards		1,835		1,835		518		518
Total derivative instruments assets	$	621,508	$	555,182	$	519,979	$	1,539,198
	Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps	$	12,648	$	12,648	$	—	$	—
Written options		271,812		229,542		156,199		691,562
Foreign exchange forwards		1,678		1,678		2,239		2,239
Total derivative instruments liabilities	$	286,138	$	243,868	$	158,438	$	693,801

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements of insurance companies requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. The most significant areas that require the use of management’s estimates relate to the determination of the fair values of financial assets and liabilities, derivatives and derivative instruments, impairments of securities, income taxes and liabilities for future policy benefits. Note 1 of the 2022 Midland National Audited Statutory Financial Statements provides a summary of significant accounting policies.

Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Midland National is primarily exposed to market risk through its investment activities and management of its policyholder insurance account balances. The investment portfolio is managed with the objective of generating returns that meet pricing spread targets and fulfill future policyholder obligations.

Interest rate, liquidity and credit risk related to our investment portfolio are our primary market risk exposures. In addition, we are exposed to interest rate risk and risks associated with hedging our indexed life and annuity policyholder obligations. Midland National’s financial position and earnings are subject to various market risks including changes in interest rates, changes in the yield curve, changes in risk-free and risk-adjusted spreads and movements in equity indices levels. These market risks impact the fair values of our bonds and, to a lesser extent, our other invested assets, the levels of interest credited to our policyholder account balances and the participation

134

and cap rates available on our fixed indexed annuity and life insurance products. Many of our annuity and life insurance products feature surrender charges, market value adjustments and other features to encourage policyholder persistency.

There may be a limited market for certain investments we hold in our investment portfolio. These investments, which may be illiquid under certain circumstances, include privately-placed bonds, mortgage loans, policy loans, real estate and other limited partnerships. Under certain market conditions, some of our very high quality bonds can experience reduced liquidity such as during periods of market volatility or disruption. Under these circumstances market prices may be lower than our carrying value and we could be forced to sell these investments at a loss.

The credit risk in our investment portfolio is related to the risk of default by the issuers of fixed income invested assets and mortgages held in our portfolio. Our product pricing incorporates a certain level of defaults within our portfolio. Historically, the actual level of defaults has not exceeded the assumed level built into our product pricing. Our investment manager applies vigorous credit analysis prior to the purchase of a security and during the holding period in order to minimize the negative impact from security defaults.

Midland National manages these markets risks by utilizing a comprehensive asset/liability management process involving the monitoring of asset and liability interest rate sensitivities for our various products. This process includes cash flow testing under various interest rate scenarios, including severe stress tests. The monitoring includes an analysis of rebalancing the assets and liabilities under the various scenarios with respect to interest rate movements, risk profiles and cash flow characteristics. Midland National has established internal guidelines for matching the duration of our assets and liabilities. The duration of our assets and liabilities measures the present value of asset or liability cash flows and is used to measure the sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Maintaining a close relationship between the duration of our assets and liabilities reduces the risk of an adverse impact to our financial condition or operations as a result of changing interest rates.

Midland National sells fife and annuity products that provide for a guarantee base return and a higher return tied to several major equity market indices. In order to mitigate this market risk, Midland National purchases over-the-counter index options and futures contracts that compensate us for any appreciation over the strike price and offsets the corresponding increase in the policyholder obligation. Midland National purchases index call options on applicable indices and enters futures contract during the year to fund the annual index credits on our fixed indexed fife and annuity policies. The risk associated with these purchases is the fluctuation of costs from period to period. We manage this risk by adjusting caps and participation rates on the applicable indexed products within contractual limitations. By managing the caps and participation rates we can limit the cost of the options and futures to be within product pricing assumptions subject to contractual limitations. For the past three years, index credits to policyholders were $234 in 2022, $1,110 million in 2021 and $520 million in 2020. Proceeds from option payouts and futures contracts were $242 in 2022, $1,150 million in 2021 and $529 million in 2020. The difference between proceeds received and index credits is impacted by levels of surrender, withdrawals, lapses and other policyholder behavior.

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

135

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS AND SUPPLEMENTAL SCHEDULES

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

136

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

	Page(s)
Midland National Life Insurance Company Financial Statements
Report of Independent Auditors		138
Statements of Admitted Assets, Liabilities and Capital and Surplus- Statutory Basis		140
Statements of Operations- Statutory Basis		141
Statements of Changes in Capital and Surplus- Statutory Basis		142
Statements of Cash Flow- Statutory Basis		143
Notes to Statutory Financial Statements- Statutory Basis		144

Report of Independent Auditors

To the Board of Directors and Management of Midland National Life Insurance Company

Opinions

We have audited the accompanying statutory basis financial statements of Midland National Life Insurance Company (the “Company”), which comprise the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus – statutory basis as of December 31, 2022, and 2021, and the related statements of operations – statutory basis, changes in capital and surplus – statutory basis, and of cash flows – statutory basis for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”).

Unmodified Opinion on Statutory Basis of Accounting

In our opinion, the accompanying financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus – statutory basis of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows – statutory basis for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in accordance with the accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the Iowa Insurance Division described in Note 1.

Adverse Opinion on U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

In our opinion, because of the significance of the matter discussed in the Basis for Adverse Opinion on U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles section of our report, the accompanying financial statements do not present fairly, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, or the results of its operations or its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022.

Basis for Opinions

We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America (US GAAS). Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the Company and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinions.

Basis for Adverse Opinion on U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

As described in Note 1 to the financial statements, the financial statements are prepared by the Company on the basis of the accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the Iowa Insurance Division, which is a basis of accounting other than accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Hub Tower, 699 Walnut Street, Des Moines, Iowa 50309

T: (515) 246 3800, www.pwc.com/us

138

The effects on the financial statements of the variances between the statutory basis of accounting described in Note 1 and accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, although not reasonably determinable, are presumed to be material.

Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with the accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the Iowa Insurance Division. Management is also responsible for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for one year after the date the financial statements are available to be issued.

Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors’ report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with US GAAS will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the financial statements.

In performing an audit in accordance with US GAAS, we:

• Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit.

• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.

• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed.

• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements.

• Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time.

We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control-related matters that we identified during the audit.

Des Moines, Iowa

April 14, 2023

139

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

STATEMENTS OF ADMITTED ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL AND SURPLUS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022 and 2021

(Dollars in Thousands, except par value)

	2022		2021
ADMITTED ASSETS
Bonds	$	56,710,124	$	52,703,583
Stocks
Preferred		1,653,807		1,920,572
Common – subsidiaries		264,909		269,866
Common – other		309,008		601,668
Mortgage loans		3,835,425		3,663,334
Real estate		99,050		100,145
Policy loans		459,745		416,799
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		722,450		2,029,737
Receivable for securities		4,686		54,083
Derivative instruments		621,508		519,979
Other invested assets		3,825,725		3,131,376
Total cash and invested assets		68,506,437		65,411,142
Policy premiums due, deferred or uncollected		169,886		164,822
Accrued investment income		621,057		520,054
Current federal income tax receivable		113,935		—
Net deferred tax asset		387,692		339,238
Company owned life insurance		1,733,483		1,300,481
Interest maintenance asset		18,231		—
Other admitted assets		88,149		72,250
Separate account assets		6,170,040		6,530,759
Total admitted assets	$	77,808,910	$	74,338,746
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL AND SURPLUS
Liabilities for future policy benefits	$	45,321,010	$	43,928,249
Liabilities for deposit-type contracts		479,550		585,759
Policy and contract claims		251,547		241,007
Other policyholder funds		3,001		3,121
Total policyholder liabilities		46,055,108		44,758,136
Amounts payable for reinsurance		26,065		48,214
Interest maintenance reserve		—		85,174
Asset valuation reserve		590,241		689,593
Repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivatives		8,029,978		7,932,459
Payable for securities		182,503		209,610
Funds held under coinsurance		11,378,268		7,909,077
Derivative instruments		286,138		158,438
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		387,443		1,002,353
Current federal income tax payable		—		56,525
Separate account liabilities		5,809,649		6,240,725
Total liabilities		72,745,393		69,090,304
Capital and surplus
Common stock—$1 par value; 2,549,439 shares authorized, issued, and outstanding		2,549		2,549
Surplus notes		1,237,000		1,037,000
Additional paid-in capital		793,927		793,927
Unassigned surplus		3,030,041		3,414,966
Total capital and surplus		5,063,517		5,248,442
Total liabilities and capital and surplus	$	77,808,910	$	74,338,746

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statutory basis financial statements.

140

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS – STATUTORY BASIS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2022			2021			2020
REVENUES
Life insurance and annuity premiums and other considerations	$	4,001,982		$	4,091,787		$	6,462,830
Net investment income		2,188,896			3,450,756			2,320,212
Commissions and expense allowances on reinsurance ceded		447,227			243,438			96,559
Amortization of interest maintenance reserve		(5,181	)		23,476			22,463
Reserve adjustments on reinsurance ceded		(303,636	)		(1,576,570	)		(523,700	)
Investment income ceded – funds withheld reinsurance		(254,135	)		(967,336	)		(187,482	)
Other income		160,077			337,667			241,779
Total revenues		6,235,230			5,603,218			8,432,661
BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
Life and annuity policy benefits		3,151,700			3,260,079			2,969,121
Increase in liabilities for future life and annuity policy benefits		1,392,761			704,775			4,300,648
Commissions		499,681			434,736			393,037
General expenses		314,645			275,720			252,016
Insurance taxes, licenses and fees		61,870			76,271			49,089
Transfers to interest maintenance reserve ceded		39,327			(513,281	)		—
Net transfers to (from) separate accounts		99,500			256,724			(2,377	)
Total benefits and expenses		5,559,484			4,495,024			7,961,534
Net gain from operations before federal income taxes and net realized capital losses		675,746			1,108,194			471,127
Federal income tax expense		130,924			122,814			125,687
Net gain from operations before net realized capital losses		544,822			985,380			345,440
Net realized capital losses		(32,478	)		(28,783	)		(192,814	)
Net income	$	512,344		$	956,597		$	152,626

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statutory basis financial statements.

141

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CAPITAL AND SURPLUS – STATUTORY BASIS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	Common Stock		Surplus Notes		Additional Paid-In Capital		Unassigned Surplus			Total Capital and Surplus
Balances at December 31, 2019	$	2,549	$	837,000	$	618,927	$	2,393,955		$	3,852,431
Net income		—		—		—		152,626			152,626
Change in net unrealized capital gains (losses)		—		—		—		(114,070	)		(114,070	)
Change in net deferred income tax		—		—		—		116,682			116,682
Change in nonadmitted assets		—		—		—		(84,726	)		(84,726	)
Change in liability for reinsurance in unauthorized and certified companies		—		—		—		(221	)		(221	)
Change in reserve on account of change in valuation basis		—		—		—		12,573			12,573
Change in asset valuation reserve		—		—		—		(10,351	)		(10,351	)
Surplus (contributed to) withdrawn from Separate Accounts during period		—		—		—		41,000			41,000
Other changes in surplus in Separate Accounts statement		—		—		—		(41,000	)		(41,000	)
Change in surplus notes		—		200,000		—		—			200,000
Additional paid in surplus		—		—		175,000		—			175,000
Change in surplus as a result of reinsurance		—		—		—		113,521			113,521
Dividends to stockholder		—		—		—		(205,109	)		(205,109	)
OPEB SSAP92 adjustment		—		—		—		(3,297	)		(3,297	)
Balances at December 31, 2020		2,549		1,037,000		793,927		2,371,583			4,205,059
Net income		—		—		—		956,597			956,597
Change in net unrealized capital gains (losses)		—		—		—		(39,962	)		(39,962	)
Change in net deferred income tax		—		—		—		54,769			54,769
Change in nonadmitted assets		—		—		—		26,861			26,861
Change in liability for reinsurance in unauthorized and certified companies		—		—		—		(25	)		(25	)
Change in asset valuation reserve		—		—		—		(182,835	)		(182,835	)
Change in surplus as a result of reinsurance		—		—		—		464,272			464,272
Dividends to stockholder		—		—		—		(299,652	)		(299,652	)
OPEB SSAP92 adjustment		—		—		—		2,708			2,708
Change in accounting principle		—		—		—		60,650			60,650
Balances at December 31, 2021		2,549		1,037,000		793,927		3,414,966			5,248,442
Net income		—		—		—		512,344			512,344
Change in net unrealized capital gains (losses)		—		—		—		(299,475	)		(299,475	)
Change in net deferred income tax		—		—		—		80,458			80,458
Change in nonadmitted assets		—		—		—		(144,035	)		(144,035	)
Change in liability for reinsurance in unauthorized and certified companies		—		—		—		246			246
Change in asset valuation reserve		—		—		—		99,353			99,353
Surplus (contributed to) withdrawn from Separate Accounts during period		—		—		—		(10,000	)		(10,000	)
Other changes in surplus in Separate Accounts statement		—		—		—		10,000			10,000
Change in surplus notes		—		200,000		—		—			200,000
Change in surplus as a result of reinsurance		—		—		—		(66,063	)		(66,063	)
Dividends to stockholder		—		—		—		(574,000	)		(574,000	)
OPEB SSAP92 adjustment		—		—		—		6,247			6,247
Balances at December 31, 2022	$	2,549	$	1,237,000	$	793,927	$	3,030,041		$	5,063,517

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statutory basis financial statements.

142

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW – STATUTORY BASIS

FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2022			2021			2020
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Life insurance and annuity premiums and other considerations	$	3,996,937		$	4,088,513		$	6,461,161
Net investment income		1,974,329			3,243,915			2,136,137
Other income		433,394			875,971			278,494
Benefits paid		(3,421,869	)		(4,850,647	)		(3,391,507	)
Net transfers (to) from separate account		(95,057	)		(257,988	)		1,447
Insurance expenses paid		(1,165,497	)		(1,708,220	)		(873,997	)
Federal income taxes paid		(271,633	)		(172,760	)		(91,074	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		1,450,604			1,218,784			4,520,661
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from investments sold, matured or repaid
Bonds		11,537,942			13,845,623			9,537,035
Preferred and common stocks		386,777			235,378			117,761
Mortgage loans		701,630			1,115,348			312,026
Real estate		—			—			63
Other invested assets		268,929			705,944			261,725
Miscellaneous proceeds		49,373			99,393			14,373
Cost of investments acquired
Bonds		(15,668,480	)		(18,064,480	)		(13,581,973	)
Preferred and common stocks		(225,116	)		(862,211	)		(804,395	)
Mortgage loans		(873,182	)		(358,167	)		(239,315	)
Real estate		(1,510	)		(1,717	)		(62,948	)
Other invested assets		(911,304	)		(1,303,835	)		(599,269	)
Miscellaneous applications		(124,756	)		(110,536	)		(13 6,699	)
Net change in policy loans		(42,879	)		(12,695	)		(9,424	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(4,902,576	)		(4,711,955	)		(5,191,040	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Surplus notes		200,000			—			200,000
Company owned life insurance		(400,000	)		—			834
Capital and paid in surplus		—			175,000			—
Net change in collateral liability		(199,473	)		55,077			(6,987	)
Net change in repurchase agreements and FHLB advances		296,992			329,376			1,066,824
Net withdrawals on deposit-type contract		(123,118	)		226,724			(219,853	)
Dividends paid to stockholder		(574,000	)		(299,652	)		(205,109	)
Net change in funds held under coinsurance		3,471,541			3,363,753			321,184
Net change in remittances and items not allocated		(564,169	)		295,258			352,580
Other cash provided (used)		36,912			(70,664	)		114,532
Net cash provided by financing activity and other sources		2,144,685			4,074,872			1,624,006
RECONCILIATION OF CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		(1,307,287	)		581,701			953,627
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments:
Beginning of year		2,029,737			1,448,036			494,409
End of year	$	722,450		$	2,029,737		$	1,448,036
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW
Non-cash transactions:
Accrued capital contribution from parent	$	—		$	—		$	175,000
Capitalized Interest		31,370			50,111			75,078

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statutory basis financial statements.

143

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

Organization

Midland National Life Insurance Company (“Midland National” or the “Company”) is a stock life insurance company domiciled in the state of Iowa. The Company operates predominantly in the individual life and annuity business of the life insurance industry and is licensed to operate in 49 states, the District of Columbia, and several U.S. territories. The Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc. (“SFG”), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Enterprises, Inc. (“SEI”). MNL Reinsurance Company (“MNL Re”), Solberg Reinsurance Company (“Solberg Re”) and Canal Reinsurance Company (“Canal Re”), subsidiaries of Midland National, are captive reinsurance companies domiciled in Iowa. The Company is affiliated through common ownership with North American Company for Life and Health Insurance (“North American”), Sammons Securities, Inc. (“Sammons Securities”), Sammons Institutional Group, Inc. (“SIG”), SFG Tenura, LLC (“Tenura”), Heyday Insurance Agency, LLC (“Heyday”), Beacon Capital Management, Inc. (“Beacon”), SFG Bermuda, LTD (“SFG Bermuda”), Property Disposition, Inc. (“PDI”), SFG Asset Management, LLC (“SFGAM”), and SFG Fortuna (“Fortuna”).

Basis of presentation

The Company is domiciled in Iowa and prepares its statutory basis financial statements in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the Iowa Insurance Division. Prescribed statutory accounting practices (“SAP”) include state laws, regulations and general administrative rules, as well as a variety of publications of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”), including the NAIC Annual Statement Instructions, and the NAIC Accounting Practices and Procedures Manual (“NAIC SAP”). The NAIC SAP was promulgated within a set of approved and published Statements of Statutory Accounting Principles (“SSAP”). Permitted practices encompass all accounting practices not so prescribed. The Company’s capital and surplus was adequate for regulatory purposes prior to the effect of the prescribed practices described below and would not have been subject to a risk-based capital triggering event. The Company’s financial statements reflect the following prescribed practices in 2022, 2021 and 2020:

a. Iowa Bulletin 07-06 – In 2006 the Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Iowa issued Bulletin 07-06 that allows a prescribed practice for Iowa domiciled companies. This prescribed practice instructs insurance companies to use other than market value for assets held in separate accounts where general account guarantees are present on such separate accounts. Based on this prescribed practice the Company adopted Bulletin 07-06 in 2006 and presents the assets on its Bank-Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”), Pension Risk Transfer (“PRT”) and Registered Index-Linked Annuity (“RILA”) Separate Accounts at amortized cost except for derivatives in the RILA separate account that are presented at market value. The impact of applying this prescribed practice had no impact on 2022 statutory net income; however, Capital and Surplus as of December 31, 2022 is increased by $358,693 as a result of this prescribed practice. The impact of applying this prescribed practice had no impact on 2021 statutory net income; however, Capital and Surplus as of December 31, 2021 is decreased by $232,837 as a result of this prescribed practice. The impact of applying this prescribed practice had no impact on 2020 statutory net income; however, Capital and Surplus as of December 31, 2020 is decreased by $312,374 as a result of this prescribed practice.

144

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

b. Iowa Administrative Code 191 – Chapter 97, “Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments Used to Hedge the Growth in Interest Credited for Indexed Insurance Products and Accounting for the Indexed Insurance Products Reserve” (“IAC 191-97”). This prescribed practice allows insurance companies domiciled in Iowa to account for eligible derivative assets at amortized cost, if the insurance company can demonstrate it meets the criteria for an economic hedge. Eligible derivative assets include call or put options that are purchased to hedge the growth in interest credited to an indexed product as a direct result of changes in the related external index or indices, or call or put options that are written to offset all or a portion of a purchased call or put option. Other derivative instruments such as index futures, swaps and swaptions that may be used to hedge the growth in interest credited to the policy as a direct result of changes in the related indices would still be accounted for at fair value since an amortized cost for those instruments does not exist. IAC 191-97 also prescribes that insurance companies determine indexed annuity reserve calculations based on the Guideline 35 Reserve assuming the fair value of the call option(s) associated with the current index term is zero, regardless of the observable market for such option(s). At the conclusion of the index term, credited interest is reflected in the reserve as realized, based on actual index performance. This prescribed accounting practice must be applied to both the indexed reserves and the call/put options used to hedge indexed insurance products. The impact of applying this prescribed practice increased the Company’s statutory net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 by $306,761 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2022 was an increase of $71,615. The impact of applying this prescribed practice increased the Company’s statutory net income for the year ended December 31, 2021 by $16,763 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2021 was a decrease of $235,146. The impact of applying this prescribed practice decreased the Company’s statutory net income for the year ended December 31, 2020 by $35,751 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2020 was an decrease of $251,909.

Under either the NAIC basis or the IAC 191-97, the Company elects to establish a voluntary reserve to offset the timing mismatch between the derivative instruments and the hedged liabilities, if that mismatch results in an increase in surplus. Under the IAC 191-97, a timing mismatch occurs related to the emergence of earnings. The impact of equity markets is reflected in investment income from futures during the policyholder’s contract years, but is not reflected in the reserve until the policy anniversary, at which time the index credit is applied to the account value. The voluntary reserve established as of December 31, 2022 is $0 as the timing mismatch between the futures and the hedged liabilities resulted in a $1,370 decrease to the Company’s statutory net income and surplus calculated in accordance with IAC 191-97. Under the NAIC basis, a voluntary reserve of $0 would have been established as of December 31, 2022 as the timing mismatch between futures and hedged liabilities would have resulted in a $72,985 decrease to the Company’s statutory net income and surplus. The impact of applying this prescribed practice, net of the effect of the difference between the above mentioned voluntary reserve and the voluntary reserve that would have been established without the prescribed practice resulted in an increase to the Company’s statutory net income of $71,615 year ended December 31, 2022 and increased the Company’s Capital and Surplus by $71,615 at December 31, 2022. The voluntary reserve established as of December 31, 2021 was $117,560 which offsets the portion of investment income on futures that has been determined to represent earnings that will be used to fund index credits that have not yet been applied to policy account balances. This eliminates the timing mismatch of the assets and liabilities calculated in accordance with IAC 191-97. Under the NAIC basis, a voluntary reserve of $352,707 would have been established as of

145

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

December 31, 2021 to eliminate the timing mismatch of the assets and liabilities. The impact of applying this prescribed practice, net of the effect of the difference between the above mentioned voluntary reserve and the voluntary reserve that would have been established without the prescribed practice resulted in no impact to the Company’s statutory net income for the year ended December 31, 2021 and there was no cumulative impact to the Company’s Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2021. The voluntary reserve established as of December 31, 2020 is $126,888 which offsets the portion of investment income on futures that has been determined to represent earnings that will be used to fund index credits that have not yet been applied to policy account balances. This eliminates the timing mismatch of the assets and liabilities calculated in accordance with IAC 191-97. Under the NAIC basis, a voluntary reserve of $378,798 would have been established as of December 31, 2020 to eliminate the timing mismatch of the assets and liabilities. The impact of applying this prescribed practice, net of the effect of the difference between the above mentioned voluntary reserve and the voluntary reserve that would have been established without the prescribed practice resulted in a decrease to the Company’s statutory net income of no impact for the year ended December 31, 2020 and there was no cumulative impact to the Company’s Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2020.

c. Iowa Administrative Code 191 – Chapter 43, “Annuity Mortality Tables For Use in Determining Reserve Liabilities For Annuities” (“IAC 191-43”) allows a prescribed practice for Iowa domiciled companies. This prescribed practice allows insurance companies domiciled in Iowa to use the Annuity 2000 Mortality Table for determining the minimum standard of valuation for annuities issued during 2015. SSAP 51 requires the 2012 Individual Annuity Reserving (“IAR”) Mortality Table for determining the minimum standard of valuation for annuities issued on or after January 1, 2015. The impact of applying this prescribed practice increased the Company’s statutory net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 by $1,247 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2022 was an increase of $20,176. The impact of applying this prescribed practice decreased the Company’s statutory net income for the year ended December 31, 2021 by $38,342 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2021 was an increase of $18,929. The impact of applying this prescribed practice increased the Company’s statutory net income for the year ended December 31, 2020 by $3,295 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2020 was an increase of $57,271.

The following table compares the Company’s statutory income and capital and surplus according to the NAIC practices to those prescribed by the State of Iowa:

	For the years ended December 31,
	2022		2021			2020
Net Income:
(1)   Midland National state basis	$	512,344	$	956,597		$	152,626
(2)   State prescribed practice that increase (decrease) NAIC SAP:
(a)   Economic hedge of call option derivative assets (IAC 191-97)		306,761		16,763			(35,751	)
(b)   Deferral of 2012 annuity mortality table (IAC 191-43)		1,247		(38,342	)		3,295
(3)   NAIC SAP (1-2=3)	$	204,336	$	978,176		$	185,082

146

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	For the years ended December 31,
	2022		2021			2020
Surplus:
(4)   Midland National state basis	$	5,063,517	$	5,248,442		$	4,205,059
(5)   State prescribed practices that increase (decrease) NAIC SAP:
(a)   Book value of separate account assets (Bulletin 07-06)		358,693		(232,837	)		(312,374	)
(b)   Economic hedge of call option derivative assets (IAC 191-97)		71,615		(235,146	)		(251,909	)
(c)   Deferral of 2012 annuity mortality table (IAC 191-43)		20,176		18,929			57,271
(6)   NAIC SAP (4-5=6)	$	4,613,033	$	5,697,496		$	4,712,071

The Company has coinsurance agreements with MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re, which are affiliated limited purpose subsidiary life insurance companies. The Company recognizes reserve credits under these agreements. The reserve credits at MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re, are supported by contingent note guarantees (“LLC Notes”). The LLC Notes held by MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re, function in a manner similar to a standby letter of credit and which the Company is a beneficiary, are admitted assets under Iowa prescribed practice and the surplus generated by the prescribed practice has been retained in the carrying value of MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re. Under NAIC Accounting principles, the LLC Notes would be non-admitted assets.

The impact of the Company’s limited purpose subsidiary life insurance companies applying this prescribed practice has no impact the Company’s statutory net income but the cumulative effect on the Company’s Capital and Surplus was an increase of $2,191,125, $2,306,047, and $1,969,923 as of December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

If the Company’s subsidiaries had not utilized this prescribed practice, the result would not have triggered a regulatory event at the Company.

The Company’s investment in MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re at December 31, 2022 was $95,180, $71,759 and $92,579, respectively. If the Company’s subsidiaries had not used this prescribed practice, the Company’s investment in MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re at December 31, 2022, respectively, would have been negative $1,102,536, negative $487,818 and negative $341,253.

The Company reports investment income ceded on funds withheld coinsurance as part of revenue in the Statements of Operations. Under SAP, investment income ceded on funds withheld coinsurance should be reported as an expense. The difference in presentation does not impact the Company’s statutory net income nor the Company’s Capital and Surplus. The Iowa Insurance Division does not object to the Company’s presentation of investment income ceded on funds withheld coinsurance.

SAP differs in some respects from accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). The more significant of these differences are as follows:

• Acquisition costs of acquiring new business are charged to current operations as incurred rather than deferred and amortized over the life of the policies;

147

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

• Policy reserves on traditional life products are based on statutory mortality and interest rates which may differ from reserves based on expected mortality, interest and withdrawals which include a provision for possible unfavorable deviation from such assumptions. In addition, SAP requires additional reserves according to actuarial guidelines that are not required for GAAP;

• Policy reserves on universal life and investment products are based on discounting methodologies utilizing statutory interest rates rather than interest rates used to calculate full account values. In addition, SAP requires additional reserves according to actuarial guidelines that are not required by GAAP;

• Changes in deferred tax assets (“DTAs”) are recorded directly to surplus as opposed to being an item of income tax benefit or expenses for GAAP. Admittance testing may result in a charge to surplus for non-admitted portions of DTAs;;

• An Interest Maintenance Reserve (“IMR”) liability, prescribed by the NAIC, reflects the net accumulated unamortized realized capital gains and losses, net of tax, attributable to changes in market interest rates. Such gains and losses are deferred into the reserve when incurred, rather than recognized as gains or losses in the statement of operations, then amortized back into operations over the expected remaining period to maturity of the investment that was sold. When cumulative capital losses exceed capital gains, a negative IMR liability occurs which is not admitted and is charged directly to unassigned surplus. There were no non-admitted IMR assets recorded at 2022 and 2021;

• An Asset Valuation Reserve (“AVR”) liability has been recorded in accordance with the formula prescribed by the NAIC which represents a provision for future impairments of bonds, equity securities, mortgage loans, real estate and other invested assets including temporary declines in the estimated realizable value of such investments. Changes in the AVR reserve are charged directly to unassigned surplus;

• Under SAP, certain assets designated as “non-admitted assets” are excluded from the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus and are charged directly to statutory unassigned surplus as follows:

	2022		2021		Changes in 2022
Policy loans	$	1,501	$	1,567	$	(66	)
Other invested assets		329		372		(43	)
Agents’ balances		13,040		14,189		(1,149	)
Amounts recoverable from reinsurers		7,600		6,623		977
Net deferred tax asset		242,738		134,105		108,633
Electronic data processing equipment		33,128		24,087		9,041
Furniture and Equipment		1,139		422		717
Other assets		57,666		31,741		25,925
Total nonadmitted assets	$	357,141	$	213,106	$	144,035

148

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Under GAAP, such assets would be recorded at their net realizable or book value;

• For universal life and investment products, revenues consist of premiums received rather than policy charges for the cost of insurance, policy administration charges, amortization of policy initiation fees and surrender charges assessed; benefits consist of amounts incurred rather than the excess of the benefits incurred over the policy account value released;

• Available-for-sale and trading bonds rated by the NAIC as five or higher are reported at amortized cost rather than fair value. Available-for-sale and trading bonds rated by the NAIC as six are reported at the lower of amortized cost or fair value with changes in fair value reported as a change in surplus. Under GAAP reporting, available-for-sale and trading bonds are reported at fair value with changes in fair value presented as a component of other comprehensive income for available-for-sale securities and as a component of net income for trading securities;

• Redeemable preferred stocks rated three or higher are reported at amortized cost. Redeemable preferred stocks rated by the NAIC as four or lower are reported at the lower of amortized cost or fair value with changes in fair value reported as a change in surplus. Under GAAP, redeemable preferred stocks are reported at fair value with changes in fair value presented as a component of other comprehensive income. Perpetual preferred stocks are carried at fair value not to exceed the current effective call price, regardless of NAIC designations. Unrealized gains and losses are recognized in surplus. Under GAAP, perpetual preferred stocks are reported at fair value with change in fair value presented as a component of earnings;

• Common stocks, other than common stocks of affiliates, are reported at fair value with changes in fair value reported as a change in surplus. Under GAAP, common stocks, other than common stocks of affiliates, are reported at fair value with changes in fair value presented as a component of net income;

• Common stock of subsidiaries is recorded based on the underlying audited statutory equity of the respective entity’s financial statements. GAAP requires consolidation of subsidiaries;

• The assets and liabilities for reinsurance transactions are generally recorded on a net basis versus a gross basis for GAAP;

• In accordance with IAC 191-97, option derivative instruments that hedge the growth in interest credited to the hedged policy as a direct result of changes in the related indices are carried on the statutory statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus at amortized cost and any amortization or proceeds from terminated or expired options is reported in income. Other derivative instruments, such as index futures that are used to hedge the growth in interest credited to the hedged policy as a direct result of changes in the related indices, are carried at fair value since an amortized cost for these instruments does not exist and the change in fair values is reported as income. Other derivative instruments not qualifying for hedge accounting are carried at fair value with changes in the fair value being recorded directly to unassigned surplus. Derivative instruments not qualifying for hedge accounting are carried on the GAAP balance sheet at fair value, with changes in fair value recognized through income. Under GAAP, indexed life and annuity liabilities and funds withheld coinsurance treaties include embedded derivatives and the change in fair value of the embedded derivative is recognized through income;

149

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

• Under SAP, the statements of cash flow reconcile to changes in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments with original maturities of one year or less. Under GAAP, the statements of cash flow reconcile to changes in cash;

• Recognition of the changes in equity from limited partnership investments is recorded directly to surplus under SAP reporting purposes; whereas for GAAP reporting, the equity method reports the change in the equity value through earnings as a component of net investment income;

• The Company, in accordance with GAAP, performs an analysis related to variable interest entities (“VIE”) on all entities with which it has a financial interest to determine if financial results require consolidation as a primary beneficiary of the VIE. SAP reporting requirements do not require such an analysis;

• Surplus notes issued by the Company are included in capital and surplus under SAP whereas GAAP reporting includes surplus notes in debt.

• Under SAP, when total consideration received on securities called before their maturity is greater than the par value of that security, the excess of consideration received over par value is reported as net investment income, while the excess of par value over book value is report as realized capital gains. Under GAAP reporting there is no such requirement to bifurcate total consideration between net investment income and realized capital gains/(losses). As such, the Company recognizes the excess of total consideration received over book value as part of realized capital gains/(losses) for GAAP reporting purposes.

• Under SAP, all leases are considered to be operating leases and rental expense is recognized over the lease term without recognition of a right-to-use asset or lease liability. GAAP requires recognition of a right-of-use asset and lease liability on the balance sheet for all operating and capital leases.

Other significant accounting policies are as follows:

Use of estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with SAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of admitted assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus, and reported amounts of revenues and benefits and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

The most significant areas that require the use of management’s estimates relate to the determination of the fair values of financial assets and liabilities, derivatives and derivative instruments, impairments of securities, income taxes, and liabilities for future policy benefits.

Fair value of financial assets, financial liabilities and financial instruments

Fair value estimates are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows. Although fair value estimates are calculated using assumptions that management believes are appropriate, changes in assumptions could cause these estimates to vary materially. In that regard, the derived fair value estimates cannot be substantiated by comparison to

150

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

independent markets and, in some cases, could not be realized in the immediate settlement of the instruments. Certain financial liabilities (including non-investment type insurance contracts) and all nonfinancial instruments are excluded from the disclosure requirements. Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented in Note 2 may not represent the underlying value to the Company.

The Company uses the following methods and assumptions in estimating the fair value of its financial instruments:

Investment securities

Fair value for bonds and preferred stocks is obtained primarily from independent pricing sources, broker quotes and fair value/cash flow models. Fair value is based on quoted market prices, where available. For bonds and preferred stocks not actively traded, fair value is estimated using values obtained from independent pricing services or broker quotes. When values are not available from pricing services or broker quotes, such as private placements including corporate securities, asset-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities and residential mortgage-backed securities, fair value may be estimated by discounting expected future cash flows using a current market rate applicable to the yield, credit quality, and maturity of the investments. The fair value of unaffiliated common stocks is based on quoted market prices, where available, and for those common stocks not actively traded, fair values are obtained from independent pricing services or internal fair value/cash flow models.

Mortgage loans

Fair value for mortgage loans is estimated using a duration-adjusted pricing methodology that reflects changes in market interest rates and the specific interest-rate sensitivity of each mortgage. Price changes derived from the monthly duration-adjustments are applied to the mortgage portfolio. Each modeled mortgage is assigned a spread corresponding to its risk profile. These spreads are adjusted for current market conditions. The discount rates used include internally generated illiquidity and default factors.

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

Cash consists of deposits held by various commercial and custodial banks. Cash equivalents consists of short-term highly liquid investments, which are readily convertible to cash. Short-term investments primarily consist of fixed income securities acquired with less than one year to maturity. The Company has deposits with certain financial institutions which exceed federally insured limits. The Company has reviewed the creditworthiness of these financial institutions and believes there is minimal risk of material loss. Fair value approximates amortized cost due to the nature and short-term duration of cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments.

Derivative instruments

Fair value for options is based on internal financial models or counterparty quoted prices. Variation margin accounts, consisting of cash balances applicable to open futures contracts, held by counterparties are reported at the cash balances, which is equal to fair value. Fair value for interest rate swaps, interest rate floors and foreign currency forwards is based on exchange prices, broker quoted prices or fair values provided by the counterparties.

151

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Other invested assets

Other invested assets consist of limited partnerships, limited liability companies, residual equity interests, collateral loans, surplus notes and reverse mortgages. The carrying amounts for other invested assets other than collateral loans, surplus notes, residual equity interests and reverse mortgages, which are carried at amortized cost, represent the Company’s share of each entity’s underlying equity reported to the Company. There is a limited market for these other invested assets and the fair value is determined based on inputs received from the entities. Fair value of residual equity interests, surplus notes and collateral loans are obtained using the same techniques as investment securities. Fair value for reverse mortgages are obtained using the same techniques as mortgage loans.

Company owned life insurance

The Company is the owner and beneficiary of life insurance policies reported at their cash surrender values pursuant to SSAP No. 21R in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The underlying investment characteristics of the investment vehicle are categorized as follows at December 31:

	2022		2021
Bonds	$	520,190	$	349,423
Mutual funds		30,409		39,758
Cash and short-term investments		165,178		192,252
Other invested assets		1,017,706		719,048
Total company owned life insurance	$	1,733,483	$	1,300,481

Investment-type insurance contracts

Fair value for the Company’s liabilities under investment-type insurance contracts is estimated using two methods. For those contracts without a defined maturity, the fair value is estimated as the amount payable on demand (cash surrender value). For those contracts with known maturities, fair value is estimated using discounted cash flow calculations using interest rates currently being offered for similar contracts with maturities consistent with the contracts being valued. The reported value of the Company’s investment-type insurance contracts includes the fair value of indexed life and annuity embedded derivatives which are calculated using discounted cash flow valuation techniques based on current interest rates adjusted to reflect credit risk and additional risk margins.

Repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivative instruments

The fair value of the Company’s repurchase agreements is tied to the fair value of the underlying collateral securities. The fair value of FHLB advances is estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation with the current interest rate and maturity of the contract. The fair value of collateral on derivative instruments approximates the carrying value due to the short-term nature of the investment. These investments primarily consist of cash and fixed income securities.

152

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Investments and Investment Income

Bonds

Bonds not backed by other loans, loan-backed bonds, collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”) and other structured securities are carried at amortized cost using the interest method, except for those bonds with an NAIC designation of six or those securities which have an other-than-temporary impairment, which are reported at the lower of amortized cost or fair value.

For CMOs and mortgage-backed securities, the Company recognizes income using a constant effective yield based on anticipated prepayments and the estimated economic life of the securities. When actual prepayments differ from anticipated prepayments, the effective yield is recalculated to reflect actual payments to date and anticipated future payments. When actual prepayments differ from anticipated prepayments, the effective yield is recalculated prospectively to reflect actual payments to date and anticipated future payments for loan backed securities under SSAP 43R. When actual prepayments differ from anticipated prepayments for highly rated CMO’s and mortgage-backed securities, the effective yield is recalculated retrospectively to reflect actual payments to date and anticipated future payments under SSAP 26R. This adjustment is included in net investment income. Included in this category are approximately $46,237 and $60,118 of mortgage-backed securities that are all or partially collateralized by sub-prime mortgages at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. A sub-prime mortgage is defined as a mortgage with one or more of the following attributes: weak credit score, high debt-to-income ratio, high loan-to-value ratio or undocumented income. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, 93% and 98%, respectively, of the Company’s securities with sub-prime exposure are rated as investment grade.

Stocks

Perpetual preferred stocks are carried at fair value, not to exceed the current stated call price. Redeemable preferred stocks are stated at cost except for those with an NAIC designation of four or lower which are stated at the lower of cost or fair value. Dividend income is recognized when dividends are declared.

Investments in common stocks are carried at fair value, which is based on NAIC Securities Valuation Office (“SVO”) prices. For common stocks without SVO prices, fair value is estimated using independent pricing services or internally developed pricing models.

Investment in common stocks of the affiliated insurance subsidiaries are valued at audited statutory capital and surplus. The audited statutory capital and surplus of MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re reflects the utilization of prescribed practices allowed by the State of Iowa for reinsurance transactions entered into by MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re with the Company and North American. Refer to Note 8 for further discussion of the reinsurance transactions and prescribed practices for MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re. Undistributed earnings or losses of the subsidiary and unrealized appreciation or depreciation on common stocks are reflected as unrealized capital gains and losses directly in unassigned surplus.

Mortgage loans

Mortgage loans consist principally of commercial mortgage loans and are carried at the adjusted unpaid balances. The Company’s lending policies allow for primarily first-lien mortgages that generally do not

153

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

exceed 77% of the fair market value of the property allowing for sufficient excess collateral to absorb losses should the Company be required to foreclose and take possession of the collateral. The mortgage portfolio invests primarily in larger metropolitan areas across the U.S. and is diversified by type of property. Property and casualty insurance is required on all properties covered by mortgage loans at least equal to the excess of the loan over the maximum loan which would be permitted by law on the land without the buildings. Interest income on non-performing loans is generally recognized on a cash basis.

Policy loans

Policy loans are carried at the unpaid principal balance to the extent it does not exceed the cash surrender value. Amounts in excess of cash surrender value are non-admitted.

Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments

Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost and short-term investments acquired with less than one year to maturity are stated at amortized cost.

Other invested assets

Other invested assets are comprised of limited partnerships, limited liability companies, residual equity interests, collateral loans, surplus notes and reverse mortgages. Limited partnerships and limited liability companies are valued in accordance with SSAP No. 48, Joint Ventures, Partnerships, and Limited Liability Companies and SSAP No. 97, Investments in Subsidiary, Controlled, and Affiliated Entities, a Replacement of SSAP No. 88 that allow the Company to carry these interests based on the underlying tax or GAAP audited equity of the investee. Residual equity interest, surplus notes and collateral loans are carried at amortized cost under SSAP No. 43R, SSAP No. 41R and SSAP No. 21R, respectively. The reverse mortgages are first liens on the related residential properties located primarily in California and Florida. These reverse mortgages are valued in accordance with SSAP No. 39, Reverse Mortgages that allow the Company to carry these securities at remaining principal balances. Income on reverse mortgages is recognized using effective yield based on the contractual interest rate and anticipated repayment of the mortgage.

Other-than-temporary impairment losses

The Company reviews its investments to determine if declines in fair value are other-than-temporary. If the fair value of a fixed income security is less than its amortized cost basis or an equity security is less than its original cost basis at the balance sheet date, the Company must assess whether the impairment is other-than-temporary.

The Company evaluates factors in its assessment of whether a decline in value is other-than-temporary. Some of the factors evaluated include the issuer’s ability to pay the amounts due according to the contractual terms of the investment, the length of time and magnitude by which the fair value is less than amortized cost, adverse conditions specifically related to the security, changes to the rating of the security by a rating agency, changes in the quality of underlying credit enhancements and changes in the fair value of the security subsequent to the balance sheet date.

154

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

When an other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) has occurred, the amount of the impairment charged against earnings depends on whether the Company intends to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If the Company intends to sell the security or more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the entire impairment is recognized as a charge against earnings. If the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is not more likely than not it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis, the impairment is bifurcated into an interest related loss and a non-interest related loss for loan-backed and structured securities. The non-interest related loss is measured as the difference between the present value of cash flows expected to be collected from the loan-backed security and the loan-backed security’s amortized cost. The amount of the non-interest related loss is recognized as a charge against earnings. The difference between the fair value of the impaired loan-backed security and the present value of cash flows expected to be collected is the interest related impairment. For stocks, non loan-backed and other than structured securities the impairment is not bifurcated and is charged against earnings.

The Company uses a single best estimate of cash flows approach and uses the effective yield prior to the date of impairment to calculate the present value of cash flows. The Company’s assumptions for residential mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, other asset-backed securities and collateralized debt obligations include collateral pledged, scheduled interest payments, default levels, delinquency rates and the level of nonperforming assets for the remainder of the investments’ expected term. The Company’s assumptions for corporate and other fixed maturity securities include scheduled interest payments and an estimated recovery value, generally based on a percentage return of the current market value.

After an other-than-temporary write-down, the new cost basis is the prior amortized cost less the non-interest related loss. The adjusted cost basis is generally not adjusted for subsequent recoveries in fair value. However, if the Company can reasonably estimate future cash flows after a write-down and the expected cash flows indicate some or all of the non-interest related loss will be recovered, the discount or reduced premium recorded is amortized over the remaining life of the security. Amortization in this instance is computed using the prospective method and is determined based on the current estimate of the amount and timing of future cash flows.

For common and preferred stocks, OTTI has occurred when the Company determines that it does not have the ability or intent to hold the security until a recovery of the original cost or the Company determines that the security will not recover to original cost within a reasonable amount of time. The Company determines what constitutes a reasonable amount of time on a security by security basis by considering all available evidence including the length of time and magnitude by which the fair value of the security is less than original cost.

Investment income

Investment income is recorded when earned and includes interest and dividends received and accrued, amortization of purchased premium and accretion of discounts on securities, certain proceeds from derivatives and equity earnings from limited partnerships. Investment expenses are reported as a reduction in investment income.

155

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Net realized investment gains (losses)

Realized capital gains and losses are determined on the basis of specific identification of the investments and are reported net of related federal income taxes and IMR.

Net unrealized investment gains (losses)

Unrealized capital gains and losses on bonds, preferred stocks, common stocks, derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting and other invested assets are reported as a component of surplus net of related income taxes.

See Note 3 for further discussion of the Company’s investments and investment income.

Derivatives and derivative instruments

Derivative instruments consist of options, futures, interest rate floors, interest rate swaps, and foreign currency forwards. Futures are reported at the cash balances held in counterparty variation margin accounts, which equals fair value. Options, interest rate floors, interest rate swaps and foreign currency forwards are reported at fair value, with the exception of call and put options which are carried in accordance with IAC191-97 as discussed in the prescribed practice footnote. The Company does not sell or settle its options prior to maturity.

The Company primarily uses derivative instruments to manage its fixed indexed and policy obligation interest guarantees and interest rate risks applicable to its investments. To mitigate these risks, the Company enters into interest rate swaps, interest rate floors, futures contracts and equity indexed call and put options. To qualify for hedge accounting, the Company is required to formally document the hedging relationship at the inception of each derivative transaction. This documentation includes the specific derivative instrument, risk management objective, hedging strategy, identification of the hedged item, specific risk being hedged and how effectiveness will be assessed. To be considered an effective hedge, the derivative must be highly effective in offsetting the variability of the cash flows or the changes in fair value of the hedged item. Effectiveness is evaluated on a retrospective and prospective basis. The Company has no derivatives that are accounted for under hedge accounting. The Company also uses foreign currency forwards to protect itself against currency fluctuations on financial instruments denominated in foreign currencies.

The agreements between the Company and its derivatives counterparties require the posting of collateral when the fair value of the derivative instruments exceeds the cost of the instruments. Collateral posted by counterparties is reported in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus as a component of cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments with a corresponding liability reported as a component of repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivative instruments. Collateral posted by the Company is reported in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus as a component of other invested assets.

See Note 4 for further discussion of the Company’s derivatives and derivative instruments.

156

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Accrued investment income

Accrued investment income consists of amounts due on invested assets. It excludes amounts the Company does not expect to receive or is 90 days past due.

Future policy benefits and policy and contract claims

Life, annuity, and accident and health benefit reserves are developed by actuarial methods and are determined based on published tables using statutorily specified interest rates and valuation methods that are intended to provide, in the aggregate, reserves that are greater than or equal to the minimum or guaranteed policy cash values or the amounts required by the Iowa Insurance Division.

The liability for future policy benefits provides amounts adequate to discharge estimated future obligations on policies in force. Reserves for life policies issued through 2019 are computed principally by the Net Level Reserve Method and the Commissioners’ Reserve Valuation Method using interest rates ranging from 2.5% to 6.0% and mortality assumptions (primarily Commissioners’ Standard Ordinary mortality tables 1941, 1958, 1980, 2001, 2017) as prescribed by regulatory authorities. Starting in 2020, reserves for life policy issues are calculated as the greatest of the stochastic, deterministic and net premium reserve as defined in VM-20. The stochastic and deterministic reserves are principles based reserves using prudent estimate assumptions for interest, mortality and other assumptions. The net premium reserve is calculated using rates of interest from 3.00% to 4.50% and 2017 Commissioners Standard Ordinary mortality.

The NAIC adopted revisions to Actuarial Guideline XXXVIII (“AG38”), effective December 31, 2012. AG38 8D applies to policies issued July 1, 2005 to December 31, 2012 containing secondary guarantees with multiple sets of charges. AG38 8D requires that for this business a company needs to calculate the reserve as it had as of December 31, 2011 (“2011 method”), as well as calculate the deterministic reserve as prescribed under the Valuation Manual (“VM method”) adopted by the NAIC on August 17, 2012, with prescribed changes to have projected asset yields and discount rates, and hold the greater of the two. The Company has calculated its gross and net of reinsurance reserves under both methods described above and holds the greater of the two reserves calculated on both a gross and net basis. The impact of performing the VM method calculations resulted in a gross reserve of $594,798 and a net reserve of $319,612 over what would have been calculated if only using the 2011 method as of December 31, 2022. The impact of performing the VM method calculations resulted in a gross reserve of $713,111 and a net reserve of $313,352 over what would have been calculated if only using the 2011 method as of December 31, 2021.

Reserves for deferred annuities are computed on the basis of interest rates ranging from 2.50% to 8.75% and the reserves for immediate annuities range from 1.00% to 11.25%.

The liability for policy and contract claims includes provisions for reported claims and estimates for claims incurred but not reported, based on the terms of the related policies and contracts and on prior experience. Claim liabilities are based on estimates and are subject to future changes in claim severity and frequency. Estimates are periodically reviewed and adjustments to such liabilities are reflected in current operations.

157

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Reinsurance

For annuity coinsurance and life insurance mortality reinsurance arrangements, reinsurance premiums, claims and claim adjustment expenses are accounted for on a basis consistent with those used in accounting for the original policies issued and the terms of the reinsurance contracts. The Company remains contingently liable for the liabilities ceded in the event the reinsurers are unable to meet their obligations under the reinsurance agreements. To limit the possibility of such losses, the Company evaluates the financial condition of its reinsurers and monitors its concentration of credit risk. The Company generally reinsures with companies rated “A” or better by A.M. Best. The Company monitors these ratings on an on-going basis as a reinsurer may be downgraded after an agreement has been entered.

Premiums and related costs

Premiums are recognized as revenue over the premium-paying period. Annuity considerations are recognized as revenue when received. Commissions and other costs applicable to the acquisition of policies are charged to operations as incurred.

Repurchase agreements

As part of its investment strategy, the Company enters into repurchase agreements to increase the Company’s investment return. The Company accounts for these transactions as secured borrowings, where the amount borrowed is tied to the fair value of the underlying collateral securities. Repurchase agreements involve a sale of securities and an agreement to repurchase the same securities at a later date at an agreed-upon price. These agreements are a bilateral trade agreement.

A majority of the Company’s repurchase agreement arrangements are for contractual terms of greater than one year. As a result, the par value and fair value of the securities sold under agreement to repurchase can change during the term of the repurchase agreement due to amortization, pay downs and changes in fair values. In situations where the underlying collateral subject to repurchase has a fair value greater or less than the contractual requirements under the repurchase agreement, the Company or counterparties are required to post additional collateral. Generally, the amount advanced by the counterparty cannot be less than 95% of the fair value of the underlying collateral sold under the agreement to repurchase.

Income taxes

Under SSAP No. 101, income taxes incurred are charged or credited to net income based upon amounts estimated to be payable or recoverable for the current year. The Company recognizes deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax effects attributable to temporary differences between financial statement and tax return bases of assets and liabilities, based on enacted rates and other provisions of the tax laws. All changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities are reported directly in surplus, including the effect of a change in tax laws or rates in the period in which such change is enacted. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Adjusted deferred income tax assets, after valuation allowance, are further subjected to an admissibility test. Admitted adjusted deferred tax assets are limited to (1) the amount of federal income taxes paid in prior year that can be recovered through loss carrybacks for existing temporary differences that reverse during a timeframe corresponding with IRS tax loss carryback provisions, which

158

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

currently allow only capital loss carrybacks, plus (2) the lesser of the remaining gross deferred income taxes expected to be realized within three years of the balance sheet date or 15% of adjusted capital and surplus, plus (3) the amount of remaining gross deferred income tax assets that can be offset against existing deferred income tax liabilities. The remaining deferred income tax assets in excess of the above are non-admitted. The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return with its subsidiaries, MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re.

If applicable, the Company’s liability for income taxes would include a liability for uncertain tax positions, interest and penalties which relate to tax years still subject to review by the IRS or other taxing jurisdictions.

See Note 13 for the Company’s SSAP No. 101 calculation.

Variable life and annuity products

A portion of the separate accounts held by the Company are funds on which investment income and gains or losses accrue directly to certain policyholders. The assets of these accounts are legally separated and are not subject to the claims that may arise out of any other business of the Company. The Company reports these separate account assets at fair value; the underlying investment risks are assumed by the policyholders. The fair value of the variable separate accounts assets are based on market quoted net asset values of the underlying mutual funds. The Company records the related liabilities at amounts equal to the fair value of the underlying assets. The Company reflects these assets and liabilities in the separate account assets and liabilities lines in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The Company records the fees earned for administrative and contract holder services performed for the separate accounts in other income of the statements of operations.

Separate accounts guaranteed by the general account

Another portion of the separate accounts held by the Company relates to individual bank owned life insurance policies that are non-indexed with fixed guarantees, pension risk transfer policies and registered index-linked annuities. The assets in these separate accounts are carried at book value in accordance with the prescribed practice promulgated by the State of Iowa except for derivatives in the RILA separate account that are held at market value. The Company assumes the underlying risk for the performance of the assets in these separate accounts. The Company reflects these assets and liabilities in the separate account assets and liabilities lines in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus.

159

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

2. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:

	December 31, 2022
Type of Financial Instrument	Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Not Practicable (Carrying Value)
Financial assets:
Bonds	$	48,930,547	$	56,710,124	$	—	$	44,114,787	$	4,815,760	$	—
Preferred stocks		1,601,753		1,653,807		—		1,594,819		6,934		—
Common stocks		309,008		309,008		172,306		132,912		3,790		—
Mortgage loans		3,666,321		3,835,425		—		3,666,321		—		—
Policy loans		459,745		459,745		—		459,745		—		—
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		720,895		722,450		477,259		243,636		—		—
Derivative instruments		555,182		621,508		4,342		550,840		—		—
Other invested assets		1,478,247		1,585,747		—		774,261		703,986		17,133
Separate accounts		5,715,998		6,170,040		2,755,051		2,822,444		138,503		—
Financial liabilities:
Liabilities for deposit-type contracts	$	486,123	$	479,550	$	—	$	—	$	486,123	$	—
Repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivative instruments		7,838,841		8,029,978		151,286		7,687,555		—		—
Derivative instruments		243,868		286,138		—		243,868		—		—

160

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	December 31, 2021
Type of Financial Instrument	Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Not Practicable (Carrying Value)
Financial assets:
Bonds	$	56,068,894	$	52,703,583	$	—	$	50,307,608	$	5,761,286	$	—
Preferred stocks		1,941,730		1,920,572		—		1,941,667		63		—
Common stocks		601,668		601,668		462,642		132,912		6,114		—
Mortgage loans		3,698,314		3,663,334		—		3,698,314		—		—
Policy loans		416,799		416,799		—		416,799		—		—
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		2,029,804		2,029,737		1,218,011		811,793		—		—
Derivative instruments		1,539,198		519,979		63,187		1,476,011		—		—
Other invested assets		1,619,702		1,455,268		—		965,207		654,495		22,606
Separate accounts		6,825,498		6,530,759		3,383,808		3,255,359		186,331		—
Financial liabilities:
Liabilities for deposit-type contracts	$	592,365	$	585,759	$	—	$	—	$	592,365	$	—
Repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivative instruments		7,929,391		7,932,459		350,759		7,578,632		—		—
Derivative instruments		693,801		158,438		—		693,801		—		—

Included in various investment related line items in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus are certain financial instruments carried at fair value. Other financial instruments are periodically measured at fair value, such as when impaired, or for certain bonds and preferred stocks when carried at the lower of cost or fair value.

The Company has certain financial instruments for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value. These instruments are Build America Bond tax credits that have been stripped from the principal portion of the bond. The tax credits are nontransferable. Therefore, there is no active market for the tax credits and the fair value is not readily estimable.

Fair value measurements

Fair value is based on an exit price, which is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value guidance also establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of instrument and the characteristics specific to the instrument. Financial instruments with readily available active quoted prices or for which fair value can be

161

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

The Company determines the fair value of its investments, in the absence of observable market prices, using the valuation methodologies described below applied on a consistent basis. For some investments, market activity may be minimal or nonexistent and management’s determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances and may incorporate management’s own assumptions, which involves a significant degree of judgment.

Investments for which market prices are not observable are generally private investments, securities valued using non-binding broker quotes, or securities with very little trading activity. Fair values of private investments are determined by reference to public market or private transactions or valuations for comparable companies or assets in the relevant asset class when such amounts are available. If these are not available, a discounted cash flow analysis using interest spreads adjusted for the maturity/average life differences may be used. Spread adjustments are intended to reflect an illiquidity premium and take into account a variety of factors including but not limited to senior unsecured versus secured, par amount outstanding, number of holders, maturity, average life, composition of lending group, debt rating, credit default spreads, default rates and credit spreads applicable to the security sector. These valuation methodologies involve a significant degree of judgment.

Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:

Level 1 – Quoted prices are available in active markets that the Company has the ability to access for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The types of financial instruments included in Level 1 are listed equities, mutual funds, money market funds, non-interest bearing cash, exchange traded futures and separate account assets. As required by the fair value measurements guidance, the Company does not adjust the quoted price for these financial instruments, even in situations where it holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.

Level 2 – Fair values are based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active and inactive markets. Inactive markets involve few transactions for similar assets or liabilities and the prices are not current or price quotations vary substantially over time or among market makers, which would include some broker quotes. Level 2 inputs also include corroborated market data such as interest rate spreads, yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, credit risks and default rates. Financial instruments that are generally included in this category include corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, CMOs, short-term investments, less liquid and restricted equity securities and over-the-counter derivatives.

Level 3 – Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instrument and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. These inputs may reflect the Company’s estimates of the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the financial instruments. Financial instruments that are included in this category generally include private corporate securities and collateralized debt obligations.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, a financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument. From time to time there may be movements between levels as inputs become

162

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

more or less observable, which may depend on several factors including the activity of the market for the specific security, the activity of the market for similar securities, the level of risk spreads and the source of the information from which the Company obtains the information.

The Company relies on third party pricing services and independent broker quotes to value bonds and equity securities. The third party pricing services use discounted cash flow models or the market approach to value the securities when the securities are not traded on an exchange. The following characteristics are considered in the valuation process: benchmark yields, reported trades, issuer spreads, bids, offers, benchmark and comparable securities, estimated cash flows and prepayment speeds.

The Company performs both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the prices. The review includes initial and ongoing review of the third party pricing methodologies, back testing of recent trades, and review of pricing trends and statistics.

The following tables summarize the valuation of the Company’s financial instruments carried at fair value as presented in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus, by the fair value hierarchy levels defined in the fair value measurements guidance. Methods and assumptions used to determine the fair values are described in Note 1.

	December 31, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Net Asset Value		Total
Financial assets (carried at fair value):
Bonds – industrial & miscellaneous	$	—	$	4,516	$	11,304	$	—	$	15,820
Preferred stocks		—		1,364,999		—		—		1,364,999
Common stocks – other		172,306		132,912		3,790		—		309,008
Derivative instruments – interest rate floors and swaps		—		14,950		—		—		14,950
Derivative instruments – foreign exchange forwards		—		1,835		—		—		1,835
Derivative instruments – futures		4,342		—		—		—		4,342
Separate account assets (a)		2,684,558		—		—		—		2,684,558
Financial liabilities (carried at fair value):
Derivative instruments – interest rate floors and swaps	$	—	$	12,530	$	—	$	—	$	12,530
Derivative instruments – foreign exchange forwards		—		1,678		—		—		1,678

163

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	December 31, 2021
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Net Asset Value		Total
Financial assets (carried at fair value):
Bonds – industrial & miscellaneous	$	—	$	18,943	$	—	$	—	$	18,943
Preferred stocks		—		1,291,747		—		—		1,291,747
Common stocks – other		462,642		132,912		6,114		—		601,668
Derivative instruments – interest rate floors and swaps		—		4,988		—		—		4,988
Derivative instruments – foreign exchange forwards		—		518		—		—		518
Derivative instruments – futures		63,187		—		—		—		63,187
Separate account assets (a)		3,318,004		—		—		—		3,318,004
Financial liabilities (carried at fair value):
Derivative instruments – foreign exchange forwards	$	—	$	2,239	$	—	$	—	$	2,239

^(a)  Fair values and changes in fair values of separate account assets generally accrue directly to policyholders and are not included in the Company’s revenues, benefits, expenses or surplus. The amounts shown in the previous tables include only the assets for the variable life insurance and variable annuity separate accounts; the amounts exclude the assets for the separate accounts guaranteed by the general account.

Included in bonds are those that have been impaired at the reporting date or NAIC 6 and are carried at fair value. SVO valuations are used for some bonds when available. SVO valuations are based upon publicly available prices for identical or similar assets or on valuation models or matrices using observable inputs. Bonds not valued using SVO valuations are those that have been impaired but not designated as in default by the SVO. Fair values for such securities may be determined utilizing unobservable inputs.

The changes in financial instruments measured at fair value, excluding accrued interest income, for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine fair value are as follows:

	December 31, 2022
	Beginning Balance		Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3		Total gains and (losses) included in Net Income		Total gains and (losses) in Surplus			Purchases		Sales			Ending Balance
Financial assets (carried at fair value):
Bonds – industrial & miscellaneous	$	—	$	11,304	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	11,304
Common stocks – other		6,114		—		—		—		(948	)		73		(1,449	)		3,790
Total assets	$	6,114	$	11,304	$	—	$	—	$	(948	)	$	73	$	(1,449	)	$	15,094

164

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	December 31, 2021
	Beginning Balance		Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3			Total gains and (losses) included in Net Income		Total gains and (losses) in Surplus			Purchases		Sales			Ending Balance
Financial assets (carried at fair value):
Bonds – industrial & miscellaneous	$	7,430			$	(7,366	)	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	(64	)	$	—
Common stocks – other		10,920		—		—			—		(119	)		611		(5,298	)		6,114
Total assets	$	18,350	$	—	$	(7,366	)	$	—	$	(119	)	$	611	$	(5,362	)	$	6,114

3. INVESTMENTS AND INVESTMENT INCOME

Bond and stock investments

The admitted value, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of investments in bonds and preferred stocks are as follows:

	December 31, 2022
	Admitted Value		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Estimated Losses		Fair Value
Bonds
U.S. governments	$	3,372,011	$	4,027	$	730,439	$	2,645,599
All other governments		1,303,556		1,720		343,952		961,324
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		12,642,252		120,823		1,658,597		11,104,478
Industrial and miscellaneous		37,734,661		104,779		5,214,106		32,625,334
Bank loans		1,292,873		8,857		52,730		1,249,000
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		364,771		2,469		22,428		344,812
Total bonds	$	56,710,124	$	242,675	$	8,022,252	$	48,930,547
Preferred stocks	$	1,653,807	$	912	$	52,966	$	1,601,753

165

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	December 31, 2021
	Admitted Value		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Estimated Losses		Fair Value
Bonds
U.S. governments	$	3,485,470	$	218,310	$	37,105	$	3,666,675
All other governments		1,319,534		28,222		30,176		1,317,580
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		12,747,547		1,415,505		24,907		14,138,145
Industrial and miscellaneous		33,219,007		1,962,455		203,510		34,977,952
Bank loans		1,532,074		28,429		7,333		1,553,170
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		399,951		15,789		368		415,372
Total bonds	$	52,703,583	$	3,668,710	$	303,399	$	56,068,894
Preferred stocks	$	1,920,572	$	23,087	$	1,929	$	1,941,730

The cost and admitted value of common stocks—subsidiaries and common stocks—other are as follows:

	December 31, 2022
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Admitted Value
Subsidiaries	$	101,422	$	163,487	$	—	$	264,909
Other		340,438		18		31,448		309,008
Total	$	441,860	$	163,505	$	31,448	$	573,917

	December 31, 2021
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Admitted Value
Subsidiaries	$	101,422	$	168,444	$	—	$	269,866
Other		590,368		16,120		4,820		601,668
Total	$	691,790	$	184,564	$	4,820	$	871,534

166

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

The admitted value and estimated fair value of investments in bonds, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties:

	2022
	Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	647,759	$	643,800
Due after one year through five years		4,942,884		4,821,057
Due after five years through ten years		6,982,739		6,253,777
Due after ten years		29,947,902		24,561,394
Securities not due at a single maturity date (primarily mortgage-backed securities)		14,188,840		12,650,519
Total bonds	$	56,710,124	$	48,930,547

As of December 31, 2022, the Company had 17 Bonds rated 5GI with a book adjusted carrying value of $116,435 and fair value of $96,426. There were no preferred stocks rated 5GI as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2021, the Company had 23 Bonds rated 5GI with a book adjusted carrying value of $87,192 and fair value of $87,267 and 1 preferred stock carried at amortize cost with book adjusted carrying value of $494 and fair value of $62.

167

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Gross unrealized losses

The Company’s gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value on its bonds and preferred stocks, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, are as follows:

	December 31, 2022
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Bonds
U.S. governments		$1,632,556		$ 337,322		$800,744		$393,117		$2,433,300		$ 730,439
All other governments		591,550		179,751		346,675		164,201		938,225		343,952
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		7,986,743		1,242,951		877,623		415,646		8,864,366		1,658,597
Industrial and miscellaneous		23,298,708		3,559,964		6,319,592		1,654,142		29,618,300		5,214,106
Bank loans		784,235		40,296		158,788		12,434		943,023		52,730
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		85,870		20,867		48,004		1,561		133,874		22,428
Total bonds		34,379,662		5,381,151		8,551,426		2,641,101		42,931,088		8,022,252
Preferred stocks – redeemable		184,634		52,966		—		—		184,634		52,966
Total bonds and preferred stocks		$34,564,296		$5,434,117		$8,551,426		$2,641,101		$43,115,722 $ 8,075,218

168

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	December 31, 2021
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Bonds
U.S. government	$	1,077,586	$	21,013	$	277,932	$	16,092	$	1,355,518	$	37,105
All other governments		458,883		25,936		59,771		4,240		518,654		30,176
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		1,216,700		21,637		70,974		3,270		1,287,674		24,907
Industrial and miscellaneous		7,389,789		123,214		2,247,933		80,296		9,637,722		203,510
Bank loans		179,240		4,452		35,585		2,881		214,825		7,333
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		—		—		67,237		368		67,237		368
Total bonds		10,322,198		196,252		2,759,432		107,147		13,081,630		303,399
Common stocks -unaffiliated		98,478		2,895		583		4,825		99,061		7,720
Preferred stocks		499,981		1,923		7,003		6		506,984		1,929
Total bonds, common and preferred stocks	$	10,920,657	$	201,070	$	2,767,018	$	111,978	$	13,687,675	$	313,048

At December 31, 2022, the Company held 16,108 positions in bonds and preferred stocks. The table above includes 13,658 positions of 1,652 issuers as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, 87% of the unrealized losses on bonds were securities rated investment grade. Investment grade securities are defined as those securities rated 1 or 2 by the SVO. Preferred stocks in the above table consist primarily of non-redeemable preferred stocks. At December 31, 2022, bonds and preferred stocks in an unrealized loss position had fair value equal to 84% of amortized cost.

The following summarizes the unrealized losses by investment category as of December 31, 2022.

U.S. government

The unrealized losses on U.S. government securities represent 9% of total unrealized losses at December 31, 2022. The total unrealized losses in this category have increased at December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021. The unrealized losses are due to securities with book yields lower than the market yield available on similar securities at December 31, 2022. Interest rates increased significantly during 2022 causing decreases in the fair values of U.S. government securities held compared to 2021. The previous table indicates 46% of the unrealized losses have been in an unrealized loss position for twelve months or less. The Company took impairment losses of $6,653 in 2022 on U.S. government securities due to the intent to sell those securities. The Company does not intend to sell and has the ability to retain all other U.S. government securities until recovery of each security’s amortized cost; therefore, the securities in these categories are not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2022.

169

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

All other governments

The unrealized losses on all other governments represent 4% of total unrealized losses at December 31, 2022. The total unrealized losses in this category have increased at December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021. The unrealized losses are applicable to securities with yields lower than the market yield available on similar securities at December 31, 2022. Interest rates increased significantly during 2022 causing decreases in the fair values of all other government securities held compared to 2021. The previous table indicates 52% of the unrealized losses have been in an unrealized loss position for twelve months or less. The Company does not intend to sell and has the ability to retain the investment until recovery of each security’s amortized cost; therefore, the securities in these categories are not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2022.

U.S. special revenue and special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed

The unrealized losses on U.S. special revenue and special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed, represent 21% of total unrealized losses at December 31, 2022. The total unrealized losses in this category have increased at December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021. The unrealized losses are applicable to securities with book yields higher than the market yield available on similar securities at December 31, 2022. Interest rates increased significantly during 2022 causing decreases in the fair values of U.S. special revenue and special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed securities held compared to 2021. The table indicates 75% of the unrealized losses have been in an unrealized loss position for twelve months or less. The Company recognized OTTI of $6,098 on these securities in 2022. For loan-backed and structured securities, the analysis includes comparing the present value of future cash flows to the security’s amortized cost. In all other cases, if the Company does not intend to sell the securities prior to recovery and has the ability to retain the investment until recovery of the security’s amortized cost, the security is not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

Industrial and miscellaneous

The unrealized losses on industrial and miscellaneous, represent 65% of unrealized losses at December 31, 2022 and are primarily in corporate bonds, private asset backed securities and collateralized debt obligations backed by various assets. The unrealized losses in this category have increased at December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021. Interest rates increased significantly during 2022 causing decreases in the fair values of industrial and miscellaneous securities held compared to 2021. The table indicates 68% of the unrealized losses have been in an unrealized loss position for twelve months or less. The Company reviews its security positions with unrealized losses on an on-going basis and recognizes OTTI if evidence indicates a loss will be incurred. In 2022, the Company recognized OTTI of $72,502 on industrial and miscellaneous securities. In all other cases, if the Company does not intend to sell the securities prior to recovery and has the intent and ability to retain the investment until recovery of the security’s amortized cost; the security is not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired.

Bank loans

The unrealized losses on bank loans, represent 1% of unrealized losses at December 31, 2022. The unrealized losses in this category have increased slightly at December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021. The table indicates 76% of the unrealized losses have been in an unrealized loss position for less than

170

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

twelve months. Interest rates increased significantly during 2022 causing decreases in the fair values of bank loans held compared to 2021. The Company recognized OTTI of $5,478 on bank loans in 2022. In all other cases, if the Company does not intend to sell the securities prior to recovery and has the ability to retain the investment until recovery of the security’s amortized cost; the security is not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired

Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates

The unrealized losses on parent, subsidiaries and affiliates, represent less than 1% of unrealized losses at December 31, 2022. The unrealized losses in this category have increased at December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021. The table indicates 93% of the unrealized losses have been in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months. The Company does not intend to sell and has the ability to retain the investment until recovery of each security’s amortized cost; therefore, the securities in these categories are not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2022.

Preferred stocks

This category, which represents 1% of unrealized losses at December 31, 2022, consists of perpetual and redeemable preferred stocks in the industrial and miscellaneous sector, primarily financial institutions. The unrealized losses in this category have increased at December 31, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021. The table indicates 100% of the unrealized losses have been in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months. The Company reviews its security positions with unrealized losses on an on-going basis and recognizes OTTI if evidence indicates a loss will be incurred. The Company does not intend to sell and has the ability to retain the investment until recovery of each security’s amortized cost; therefore, the securities in these categories are not considered to be other-than-temporarily impaired at December 31, 2022.

Other-than-temporary impairments

As a result of the Company’s review of OTTI of investment securities, OTTI recognized on loan-backed and structured securities is summarized in the following table:

CUSIP	Book/Adjusted Carrying Value Amortized Cost Before Current Period OTTI		Recognized Other- Than-Temporary Impairment		Amortized Cost After Other-Than- Temporary Impairment		Fair Value at time of OTTI		Date of Financial Statement Where Reported
00038RAB2	$	8,458	$	5,155	$	3,303	$	5,697		3/31/2022
00256DAA0		6,162		2,582		3,579		3,957		3/31/2022
00037UAC4		2,866		2,866		—		2,013		3/31/2022
BGH5C2LS3		5,019		2,443		2,576		1,918		6/30/2022
82323MAA7		16,919		5,193		11,726		11,124		6/30/2022
000366AA2		17,843		602		17,241		14,158		9/30/2022
BGH3LP5T3		1,390		1,361		29		114		9/30/2022
BGH5C2LS3		2,576		2,485		92		1,075		9/30/2022
00192JAE6		1,858		736		1,122		1,122		12/31/2022
02660TFJ7		1,809		512		1,297		1,281		12/31/2022

171

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

CUSIP	Book/Adjusted Carrying Value Amortized Cost Before Current Period OTTI		Recognized Other- Than-Temporary Impairment		Amortized Cost After Other-Than- Temporary Impairment		Fair Value at time of OTTI		Date of Financial Statement Where Reported
04301YAA1		14,163		6,825		7,338		7,339		12/31/2022
136040AA0		4,628		2,848		1,780		1,780		12/31/2022
14856EAE5		5,065		604		4,460		2,040		12/31/2022
233046AF8		18,764		1,708		17,056		17,056		12/31/2022
25755TAH3		30,956		2,587		28,369		28,369		12/31/2022
313637PZ7		23,121		1,184		21,936		21,936		12/31/2022
313637VK3		11,410		480		10,930		10,929		12/31/2022
31377U6E8		2,228		96		2,132		2,132		12/31/2022
3138LM6A6		7,395		431		6,964		6,964		12/31/2022
3138LMSU8		8,002		458		7,544		7,544		12/31/2022
3138LND24		1,941		102		1,840		1,837		12/31/2022
3138LNEJ6		3,703		211		3,492		3,485		12/31/2022
3138LNMY4		12,904		739		12,165		12,165		12/31/2022
3138LNQ46		7,048		346		6,702		6,692		12/31/2022
3140HRLW1		6,813		389		6,424		6,415		12/31/2022
3140HTS67		5,927		351		5,576		5,568		12/31/2022
440405AE8		22,968		386		22,582		17,323		12/31/2022
61752RAJ1		2,167		838		1,329		1,324		12/31/2022
69121PCH4		1,437		296		1,141		1,139		12/31/2022
74927XAE2		375		131		244		243		12/31/2022
82323MAA7		10,861		2,536		8,325		8,325		12/31/2022
863579Y69		1,308		229		1,079		1,064		12/31/2022
92919MAA6		18,000		63		17,937		17,937		12/31/2022
			$	47,773

All of the impairments in the table above were recognized due to the inability or lack of intent to retain the investment in the security for a period of time sufficient to recover the amortized cost basis of the security.

172

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Net investment income and net realized capital gains (losses)

The major categories of net investment income reflected in the statements of operations are summarized as follows:

	2022			2021		2020
Bonds	$	2,351,761		$	2,313,227	$	2,058,710
Preferred stocks		88,961			79,100		25,166
Common stocks – other		15,105			13,208		11,850
Mortgage loans		183,527			188,120		204,361
Real estate		6,525			10,074		2,607
Policy loans		23,969			21,190		22,860
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		6,106			2,397		5,046
Derivative instruments		(403,530	)		764,920		100,840
Other invested assets		197,483			289,754		127,347
Other investment income		3,283			2,318		1,152
Total gross investment income		2,473,190			3,684,308		2,559,939
Less: Investment expenses		284,294			233,552		239,727
Net investment income	$	2,188,896		$	3,450,756	$	2,320,212

Investment expenses consist primarily of investment advisory fees, interest expense on repurchase agreements, interest expense on FHLB advances, interest on surplus notes, interest related to derivative collateral liabilities and other expenses related to the administration of investments.

The Company recognized $22,546, $76,125, and $16,408 of net investment income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively related to prepayment penalties or acceleration fees on bonds in the general account that were called. The total number of called bonds in the general account were 30, 83, and 58 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

The Company recognized $678, $3,225, and $523 of net investment income for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively related to prepayment penalties or acceleration fees on bonds in the separate account that were called. The total number of called bonds in the separate account were 7, 16, and 7 for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively.

173

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

The major categories of net realized capital gains (losses) reflected in the statements of operations are summarized as follows:

	2022			2021			2020
Bonds	$	(232,283	)	$	666,002		$	(59,149	)
Preferred stocks		(511	)		3,713			13,775
Common stocks – other		(1,450	)		17,119			(40	)
Mortgage loans		(70	)		13,022			(57,455	)
Real Estate		—			—			63
Short-term investments		(23	)		599			3
Derivative instruments		13,952			3,604			(1,382	)
Other invested assets		362			27,039			(46,265	)
Realized capital gains (losses)		(220,023	)		731,098			(150,450	)
Income tax effects		30,414			(180,995	)		(7,780	)
Amounts transferred to IMR (net of federal income taxes of $(41,769), $153,881 and $9,193)		157,131			(578,886	)		(34,584	)
Net realized capital losses	$	(32,478	)	$	(28,783	)	$	(192,814	)

Proceeds from the sale of investments in bonds and the gross gains and losses realized on these sales (excluding OTTI losses, maturities, calls, exchanges and prepayments) were as follows:

	2022			2021			2020
Proceeds from sales	$	7,633,843		$	7,345,316		$	4,076,564
Gross realized gains		101,055			742,989			76,899
Gross realized losses		(231,403	)		(38,326	)		(95,042	)

The gross realized gains (losses) on the bonds represent the difference between the proceeds from the sale of the bonds and the basis of the bonds, which is primarily amortized cost.

Mortgage loans

The following table summarizes the Company’s mortgage loans by property type:

	2022					2021
	Carrying Value		% of Total			Carrying Value		% of Total
Office	$	1,679,943		44	%	$	1,414,498		39	%
Retail		770,983		20	%		751,517		21	%
Hotel		646,030		17	%		537,453		15	%
Industrial		302,512		8	%		324,901		8	%
Multi-family		275,721		7	%		419,901		11	%
Other		123,418		3	%		179,145		5	%
Medical		36,818		1	%		37,893		1	%
Total	$	3,835,425		100	%	$	3,665,308		100	%

174

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Mortgage loans by United States geographic locations are as follows:

	2022					2021
	Carrying Value		% of Total			Carrying Value		% of Total
Pacific	$	1,061,650		27	%	$	1,109,602		30	%
South Atlantic		946,011		25	%		1,150,440		31	%
Middle Atlantic		914,950		24	%		459,839		13	%
Mountain		364,931		10	%		376,391		10	%
New England		167,405		4	%		216,389		6	%
East South Central		136,932		4	%		43,000		1	%
East North Central		120,789		3	%		143,258		4	%
West North Central		75,909		2	%		58,205		2	%
West South Central		46,848		1	%		108,184		3	%
	$	3,835,425		100	%	$	3,665,308		100	%

The Company’s mortgage loans by origination year are as follows:

	Carrying Value		% of Total
2022	$	862,881		22	%
2021		346,420		9	%
2020		138,752		4	%
2019		450,629		12	%
2018 and prior		2,036,743		53	%
	$	3,835,425		100	%

The Company has no outstanding commitments on mortgage loans at December 31, 2022.

Any loan delinquent on contractual payments over 90 days past due is considered non-performing. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, there were no non-performing commercial mortgage loans that were over 90 days past due on contractual payments.

Mortgage loan equivalent ratings are based on the expected loss of the security rather than the probability of defaults. Ratings are assessed by looking at the financial condition of the borrower to make required payments, including the value of the underlying collateral, the market in which the collateral is operating and the level of associated debt.

175

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Information regarding the Company’s credit quality indicators for its recorded investment in mortgage loans, gross of valuation allowances is as follows:

	December 31, 2022					December 31, 2021
	Carrying Value		% of Total			Carrying Value		% of Total
Internal credit risk grade:
CM1	$	1,487,058		39	%		1,671,999		46	%
CM2		2,099,831		54	%		1,747,770		48	%
CM3		191,230		5	%		234,942		6	%
CM4		37,742		1	%		10,597		0	%
In or near default		19,564		1	%		—		0	%
Total mortgage loans	$	3,835,425		100	%	$	3,665,308		100	%

The Company acquired 13 new commercial mortgage loans in 2022 with interest rates ranging from 3.05% to 9.97%.

Information regarding the Company’s loan to value ratio for its recorded investment in mortgage loans, gross of valuation allowances is as follows:

	December 31, 2022					December 31, 2021
	Carrying Value		% of Total			Carrying Value		% of Total
Less than 50%	$	452,291		12	%	$	460,038		13	%
50% to 60%		1,780,787		46	%		1,566,825		43	%
61% to 70%		1,535,983		40	%		1,555,536		42	%
71% to 80%		46,800		1	%		82,909		2	%
81% to 90%		—		0	%		—		0	%
91% to 100%		19,564		1	%		—		0	%
Total mortgage loans	$	3,835,425		100	%	$	3,665,308		100	%

The loan-to-value ratio is determined using the most recent appraised value. Appraisals are updated periodically when there is an indication of a possible significant collateral decline or there are loan modifications or refinance requests. A loan-to-value ratio in excess of 100% indicates the unpaid loan amount exceeds the underlying collateral.

The Company reviews its mortgage loans for impairment on an on-going basis. It considers such factors as delinquency of payments, decreases in the value of underlying properties, the financial condition of the mortgagor and the impact of general economic conditions in the geographic areas of the properties collateralizing the mortgages. Once the determination is made that a mortgage loan is impaired, the primary consideration used to determine the amount of the impairment is the fair market value of the underlying property. The Company assumes it would receive the proceeds from the sale of the underlying property less sale expenses. The Company maintains a general allowance for mortgage loan losses. The allowance is determined through an analysis of specific loans that are believed to have a higher risk of credit impairment. The Company held an allowance of $3,456 and $1,974 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

There were no mortgage loans impaired during the year ended December 31, 2022. One mortgage loan was impaired during the year ended December 31, 2021, via direct write down of the carrying amount of the

176

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

loans in the amount of $5,936. The impairments were recognized in net realized capital losses in the statements of operations.

The recorded investment and unpaid principal balance of the impaired mortgage loans are $22,781 and $43,080, respectively, as of December 31, 2022. The average recorded investment in impaired loans was $23,391 and $41,860 for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company did not restructure or take ownership of real estate in satisfaction of any mortgage loans during 2022 and 2021. Real estate acquired through foreclosure is a component of real estate in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus.

Credit risk concentration

The Company generally strives to maintain a diversified invested assets portfolio. Credit risk concentrations to any single issuer or groups of issuers with similar credit profiles are closely monitored. Other than investments in U.S. government or U.S. government agencies, the Company has no significant concentration of credit risk.

Restricted assets

The following assets are subject to applicable restrictions under each of the following areas:

	December 31, 2022
Restricted Asset Category	Total Admitted Restricted		Gross Restricted to Total Assets			Admitted Restricted to Total Admitted Assets
Subject to repurchase agreements	$	5,580,088		7	%		7	%
FHLB capital stock		132,912		0	%		0	%
On deposit with states		3,295		0	%		0	%
Pledged as collateral to FHLB		3,072,795		4	%		4	%
Pledged as collateral not captured in other categories		48,119		0	%		0	%
Total restricted assets	$	8,837,209		11	%		11	%

	December 31, 2021
Restricted Asset Category	Total Admitted Restricted		Gross Restricted to Total Assets			Admitted Restricted to Total Admitted Assets
Subject to repurchase agreements	$	4,218,274		6	%		6	%
FHLB capital stock		132,912		0	%		0	%
On deposit with states		3,185		0	%		0	%
Pledged as collateral to FHLB		3,072,795		4	%		4	%
Pledged as collateral not captured in other categories		79,695		0	%		0	%
Total restricted assets	$	7,506,861		10	%		10	%

177

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Other

FHLB

The Company is a member of FHLB of Des Moines. In order to maintain its membership and borrow funds, the Company is required to purchase FHLB equity securities. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company owns common stock totaling $132,912, which is carried at cost. Resale of these securities is restricted only to FHLB. As a member of FHLB, the Company can borrow money provided that FHLB’s collateral and stock ownership requirements are met. The maximum amount a member can borrow is equal to thirty percent of the Company’s asset balance as of the prior quarter end subject to availability of acceptable collateral. The interest rate and repayment terms differ depending on the type of advance and the term selected. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had outstanding advances of $3,072,795 from FHLB (see Note 7).

Deposits with regulatory authorities

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, securities (primarily bonds) with admitted carrying values of $3,295 and $3,185 respectively, were on deposit with regulatory authorities as required by law.

4. DERIVATIVES AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The following table presents the notional amounts, estimated fair value and carrying value of derivatives:

	December 31, 2022
	Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value
Assets:
Derivative instruments:
Call options	$	23,095,880	$	546,347	$	599,246
Futures		1,537		4,342		4,342
Interest rate floors		113,000		—		—
Foreign exchange forwards		56,136		1,835		1,835
Interest rate swaps		887,000		2,658		16,085
			$	555,182	$	621,508
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments:
Interest rate swaps	$	950,000	$	12,648	$	12,648
Foreign exchange forwards		52,781		1,678		1,678
Written options		7,618,908		229,542		271,812
			$	243,868	$	286,138

178

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	December 31, 2021
	Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value
Assets:
Derivative instruments:
Call options	$	21,653,368	$	1,470,505	$	451,286
Futures		934,331		63,187		63,187
Interest rate floors		113,000		3,695		3,695
Foreign exchange forwards		19,655		518		518
Interest rate swaps		137,000		1,293		1,293
			$	1,539,198	$	519,979
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments:
Foreign exchange forwards	$	76,603	$	2,239	$	2,239
Written options		8,044,350		691,562		156,199
			$	693,801	$	158,438

The following table presents the impact of derivatives on net investment income and change in unrealized capital gains (losses):

	2022			2021			2020
Gain (loss) recognized in net investment income
Options	$	(335,498	)	$	553,436		$	65,988
Futures		(72,914	)		208,649			32,028
Interest rate swaps		3,550			(144	)		726
Interest rate floors		1,332			2,979			2,098
	$	(403,530	)	$	764,920		$	100,840
Gain (loss) recognized in net unrealized gains (losses):
Interest rate swaps	$	(3,813	)	$	1,293		$	(362	)
Interest rate floors		(3,430	)		(3,711	)		2,735
Foreign exchange derivatives		1,877			31			(1,610	)
	$	(5,366	)	$	(2,387	)	$	763

The Company accounts for its financial options, futures, interest rate swaps, and other derivatives in accordance with SSAP 86, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging, Income Generation, and Replication (Synthetic Asset) Transactions, except for those options accounted for in accordance with IAC 191-97, as discussed in Note 1. Following is a discussion of the various derivatives used by the Company.

Options and futures

The Company has indexed annuity and indexed universal life products that provide for a guaranteed base return and a higher potential return tied to several major equity market indices. In order to fund these

179

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

benefits the Company purchases index options that compensate the Company for any appreciation over the strike price and offsets the corresponding increase in the policyholder obligation. The Company also enters futures contracts to compensate it for increases in the same indices. The Company classifies these options and futures as derivative instruments.

In accordance with IAC 191-97, the Company carries financial options at amortized cost and amortizes the cost of the index options against investment income over the term of the option. When the options mature, any value received by the Company is reflected as investment income.

The futures contracts have no initial cost and are marked to market daily. That daily mark-to-market is settled through the Company’s variation margin accounts maintained with the counterparty. The Company reports the change in the futures variation margin accounts as investment income.

The hedged annuity liabilities are reported in the statutory statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in accordance with IAC 191-97 and credited indexed returns are reflected in the reserve as realized based on actual index performance. The hedged life liabilities are reported in the statutory statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits equal to the implied fair value appreciation of the index options until the policy anniversary date. At the anniversary date, the annuity and life policyholder account values are revalued with amounts credited to the policyholders recognized as a component of increase in aggregate reserves.

The adoption of IAC 191-97 has resulted in a timing variance between the emergence of income on futures and the emergence of the reserve increase associated with the hedged liabilities. The futures earnings are realized daily as they are earned, but the impact to the reserve of market appreciation does not occur until the policy anniversary. To mitigate this variance, to the extent the variance accelerates earnings, the Company has set up a voluntary statutory reserve. The amount of this reserve was $0 and $117,560 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and is reported as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The voluntary reserve is not reported at a value below zero. Futures losses are recognized as incurred as a reduction in investment income.

Other derivative instruments

The Company has entered into interest rate floor and interest rate swap agreements to help manage its overall exposure to interest rate changes. These other derivative instruments do not hedge specific assets or liabilities and as such are not accounted for under hedge accounting. In accordance with SSAP 86, these swaps and floors are reported at fair value in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus and changes in the fair value are reported as a change in unassigned surplus. The Company recognizes income (expense) on interest rate floor and swaps through investment income. This income is received or paid on reset/settlement date and is accrued until the next reset date.

The Company has entered into foreign currency forwards to protect itself against currency fluctuations on foreign currency denominated financial instruments. These forwards are reported at fair value in the statutory statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus and changes in fair value are reported as a component of change in unassigned surplus.

180

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

The following relates to interest rate swaps and interest rate floors. The interest rates are either measured against 3-month LIBOR or SOFR:

	2022		2021
Interest rate swaps:
Fixed rates		0.43% to 4.34%		0.43% to 0.72%
Variable rates		4.30% to 4.77%		—%
Interest rate floors, strike rates		3.00%		3.00%

Long-dated corporate bonds with fixed coupons are paired with long dated fixed to float interest rate swaps in replication transactions. This replication asset, together with a shorter term float to fixed interest rate swap, helps match the duration and cash flows of the assets and liabilities. The interest rate swaps that are part of a replicated asset are carried at amortized cost consistent with the cash component of the replicated asset. At December 31, 2022, the Company held interest rate swaps that were part of replication assets with a fair value of $(12,173) and a carrying value of $1,135.

Collateral on derivatives

As a result of market value changes, certain financial institutions involved in the interest rate swap agreements and financial options deposit cash with the Company to collateralize these obligations. The cash collateral and the amount that the Company was permitted to repledge were $151,286 and $350,759 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The obligation to repay the collateral is reflected in repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivatives in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus.

The Company generally limits its selection of counterparties that are obligated under its non-exchange traded derivative contracts to those with investment grade ratings. As of December 31, 2022, no counterparty had more than 1% exposure to the fair value of the Company’s derivative contracts. Entering into such agreements from financial institutions with long-standing performance records minimizes the credit risk. The amounts of such exposure are essentially the net replacement cost or fair value for such agreements with each counterparty, as well as any interest due the Company from the last interest payment period less any collateral posted by the financial institution.

5. OFFSETTING OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

Certain of the Company’s derivative instruments are subject to enforceable master netting arrangements that provide for the net settlement of all derivative contracts between the Company and counterparty in the event of default or upon the occurrence of certain termination events. Collateral support agreements are also in place requiring the Company or the counterparty to pledge collateral in the event minimum thresholds have been reached, typically related to the fair value of the outstanding derivatives. Additionally, certain of the Company’s repurchase agreements provide for net settlement on termination of the agreement.

The Company reports derivative instruments and repurchase agreements on a gross basis within the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus.

181

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

The tables below present the Company’s gross and net derivative instruments and gross and net repurchase agreements by asset and liabilities:

	December 31, 2022
	Gross Amounts Presented in the Balance Sheet		Collateral- Financial Instruments and/or Cash		Net Amount
Offsetting of financial assets:
Derivatives	$	621,508	$	151,286	$	470,222
Total financial assets	$	621,508	$	151,286	$	470,222
Offsetting of financial liabilities:
Derivatives	$	286,138	$	—	$	286,138
Repurchase agreements		4,805,897		4,805,897		—
Total financial liabilities	$	5,092,035	$	4,805,897	$	286,138
	December 31, 2021
	Gross Amounts Presented in the Balance Sheet		Collateral- Financial Instruments and/or Cash		Net Amount
Offsetting of financial assets:
Derivatives	$	519,979	$	350,759	$	169,220
Total financial assets	$	519,979	$	350,759	$	169,220
Offsetting of financial liabilities:
Derivatives	$	158,438	$	—	$	158,438
Repurchase agreements		4,508,905		4,508,905		—
Total financial liabilities	$	4,667,343	$	4,508,905	$	158,438

6. REAL ESTATE AND EQUIPMENT

The Company purchases and capitalizes various classes of assets in the regular course of its insurance operations. These assets are amortized using the straight-line and accelerated declining balance methodologies over a specified period of years that varies with the class of asset that ranges from 3 years to 39 years. The depreciation expense recorded in 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $19,886, $22,935 and $26,478, respectively. Following is a summary of the capitalized assets (including the Company’s office buildings

182

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

and real estate acquired in satisfaction of mortgage loans) and the related accumulated depreciation for the major classes of assets:

	Range of Useful Lives		2022			2021
Land		N/A	$	10,936		$	10,936
Land improvements		15 years		1,099			1,099
Buildings and improvements		39 years		98,879			97,369
Leasehold improvements		10 years		2,162			2,162
Furniture and fixtures		7 years		6,335			5,455
Computer equipment and software		3 years		262,931			237,354
Other		5 years		38			38
				382,380			354,413
Accumulated depreciation				(242,523	)		(223,444	)
Nonadmitted				(36,059	)		(24,930	)
Net admitted value			$	103,798		$	106,039

The net admitted value of these assets is reflected in the following lines in the Company’s statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus:

	2022		2021
Real Estate	$	99,050	$	100,145
Other admitted assets		4,748		5,894

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, real estate consists of $99,050 and $100,145, respectively, for the Company’s offices.

7. FHLB ADVANCES

The Company is a member of FHLB of Des Moines. In accordance with the FHLB membership agreement, the Company can be required to purchase FHLB common stock in order to borrow funds. These borrowings are reported as FHLB advances in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The Company did not purchase or sell any common stock in 2022 or 2021. In addition, the Company has posted mortgage loans and agency MBS/CMO fixed income securities with fair values in excess of the amount of the borrowings as collateral.

The amount of FHLB stock held is as follows:

	2022		2021
Membership stock-class A	$	10,000	$	10,000
Activity stock		122,912		122,912
Total	$	132,912	$	132,912

The Class A Membership Stock is not eligible for redemption.

183

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had outstanding advances of $3,072,795. It is not part of the Company’s strategy to utilize these funds for operations, and any funds obtained from the FHLB of Des Moines for use in general operations would be accounted for consistent with SSAP No. 15 as borrowed money. The purpose of the advances is to complement the Company’s repurchase agreement program. The advances are reported as a component of repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivatives in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The borrowings outstanding at December 31, 2022 is as follows:

Maturity Date	Advance		Rate
1/10/2023	$	75,000		2.03%
1/13/2023		70,000		1.76%
2/3/2023		50,000		1.75%
2/14/2023		130,000		1.75%
3/16/2023		400,000		1.18%
5/18/2023		70,000		1.35%
6/26/2023		155,455		0.93%
10/5/2023		70,000		1.50%
10/30/2023		150,000		1.48%
12/18/2023		65,000		1.98%
1/11/2024		75,000		1.93%
4/1/2024		57,000		0.57%
2/11/2025		88,960		0.86%
3/14/2025		400,000		1.03%
3/18/2025		200,000		0.90%
5/2/2025		90,000		0.95%
6/27/2025		155,455		1.05%
9/9/2026		203,125		1.28%
11/20/2026		150,000		0.88%
11/23/2026		157,800		0.88%
12/18/2026		260,000		0.89%
	$	3,072,795

Interest expense incurred during 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $42,178, $57,009 and $57,271, respectively, and is reported as a component of net investment income in the statement of operations. The Company has determined the actual maximum borrowing capacity as $3,705,319. The Company calculated this amount in accordance with limitations in the FHLB capital plan (e.g., current FHLB capital stock, limitations in the FHLB capital plan, current and potential acquisitions of FHLB capital stock, etc.).

The amount of collateral pledged to the FHLB is as follows:

Amount pledged as of reporting date	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Aggregate total borrowing
2022		4,797,917		5,339,067		3,072,795
2021		4,728,480		4,418,691		3,072,795

184

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Maximum amount pledged during reporting period	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Amount borrowed at time of maximum collateral
2022		4,881,464		5,383,561		3,072,795
2021		4,728,480		4,418,692		3,072,795

8. REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS

The following tables summarizes the repurchase agreements accounted for as a secured borrowing for the Company:

Type of Repo Trades Used

	2022
	First Quarter		Second Quarter		Third Quarter		Fourth Quarter
Bilateral (YES/NO)		YES		YES		YES		YES
Tri-party (YES/NO)		YES		YES		YES		YES

Original (flow) & residual maturity

	2022
	First Quarter		Second Quarter		Third Quarter		Fourth Quarter
Maximum amount
Open – no maturity	$	1,136	$	89,906	$	284,906	$	311,990
Overnight		328,270		400,000		190,000		—
2 days to 1 week		328,270		500,000		290,000		160,000
>1 week to 1 month		774,270		774,270		290,000		380,000
>1 month to 3 months		525,000		998,270		290,000		279,000
>3 months to 1 year		939,000		569,000		1,024,398		1,494,367
>1 year		3,248,500		4,135,500		4,135,500		3,595,102
Ending balance
Open – no maturity	$	—	$	9,906	$	237,939	$	1,398
Overnight		—		—		—		—
2 days to 1 week		—		40,000		—		160,000
>1 week to 1 month		774,270		—		—		220,000
>1 month to 3 months		370,000		290,000		—		59,000
>3 months to 1 year		569,000		279,000		1,024,398		1,494,367
>1 year		3,194,500		4,135,500		3,620,102		2,871,133

185

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Securities sold under repo- secured borrowing

	2022
	First Quarter		Second Quarter		Third Quarter		Fourth Quarter
Maximum amount
Book adjusted carrying value (“BACV”)		XXX		XXX		XXX	$	5,754,825
Nonadmitted – subset of BACV		XXX		XXX		XXX		XXX
Fair value	$	4,643,063	$	4,836,511	$	4,713,806	$	4,800,017
Ending Balance
BACV		XXX		XXX		XXX	$	5,580,088
Nonadmitted – subset of BACV		XXX		XXX		XXX		XXX
Fair value	$	4,643,063	$	4,382,701	$	4,233,151	$	4,726,480

Securities sold under repo- secured borrowing by NAIC designation

	As of December 31, 2022
	NONE		NAIC 1		NAIC 2		NAIC 3
Bonds – BACV	$	—	$	1,419,062	$	1,137,777	$	—
Bonds – FV		—		1,085,190		910,122		—
LB & SS – BACV		—		3,023,248		—		—
LB & SS – FV		—		2,731,168		—		—
Total assets – BACV	$	—	$	4,442,310	$	1,137,777	$	—
Total assets – FV	$	—	$	3,816,358	$	910,122	$	—
	As of December 31, 2022
	NAIC 4		NAIC 5		NAIC 6		Non- Admitted
Bonds – BACV	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Bonds – FV		—		—		—		—
LB & SS – BACV		—		—		—		—
LB & SS – FV		—		—		—		—
Total assets – BACV	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Total assets – FV	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

186

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Collateral received- secured borrowing
	2022
	First Quarter		Second Quarter		Third Quarter		Fourth Quarter
Maximum Amount
Cash	$	6,144,445	$	7,466,946	$	6,504,804	$	6,220,459
Securities (FV)		—		—		—		—
Ending Balance
Cash	$	4,907,770	$	4,754,406	$	4,882,439	$	4,805,897
Securities (FV)		—		—		—		—
Cash and non-cash collateral received- secured borrowing by NAIC designation
	As of December 31, 2022
	NONE		NAIC 1		NAIC 2		NAIC 3
Ending balance
Cash	$	4,805,897	$	—	$	—	$	—
Total collateral assets – FV	$	4,805,897	$	—	$	—	$	—
	As of December 31, 2022
	NAIC 4		NAIC 5		NAIC 6		Does Not Qualify As Admitted
Ending balance
Cash	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Total collateral assets – FV	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Allocation of aggregate collateral by remaining contractual maturity

	As of December 31, 2022
	Fair Value
Overnight and continuous	$	1,398
30 days or less		380,000
31 to 90 days		59,000
> 90 days		4,365,500

187

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Allocation of aggregate collateral reinvested by remaining contractual maturity

	As of December 31, 2022
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
30 days or less	$	10,916	$	10,920
31 to 60 days		810		810
61 to 90 days		4,955		5,250
121 to 180 days		4,997		4,971
181 to 365 days		54,240		54,060
1 to 2 years		102,902		98,509
2 to 3 years		55,666		54,278
> 3 years		6,045,544		5,539,748

Liability to return collateral- secured borrowing

	2022
	FIRST QUARTER		SECOND QUARTER		THIRD QUARTER		FOURTH QUARTER
Maximum amount
Cash (collateral – all)	$	6,144,445	$	7,466,946	$	6,504,804	$	6,220,459
Securities collateral (FV)		—		—		—		—
Ending balance
Cash (collateral – all)	$	4,907,770	$	4,754,406	$	4,882,439	$	4,805,897
Securities collateral (FV)		—		—		—		—

In addition to the securities summarized in the maturity distribution above, the Company holds short-term investments representing the balance of the repurchase agreement liabilities. The Master Repurchase Agreements with the various counterparties do not require the Company to invest the proceeds in securities with maturities matching the maturities of the repurchase agreement liabilities. As previously stated, a majority of the Company’s repurchase agreements are for terms of greater than one year. The Company has sufficient cash flows from operations and investment maturities, pay downs and calls to meet the repurchase obligations under the outstanding agreements. In addition, the Company has the ability to sell securities to meet future repayment obligations under the agreements.

9. REINSURANCE

The Company is primarily involved in the cession and, to a lesser degree, assumption of life and annuity reinsurance with other companies. Reinsurance premiums and claims ceded and assumed for the years ended December 31 are as follows:

	2022					2021					2020
	Ceded		Assumed			Ceded		Assumed			Ceded		Assumed
Premiums written	$	4,267,463	$	874		$	3,904,711	$	1,666		$	1,120,417	$	13,064
Claims incurred		461,340		12,820			528,126		21,882			491,553		25,763
Reserve changes		3,366,335		(74,936	)		3,480,002		(354,673	)		432,783		(169,129	)

188

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Premiums and benefits incurred are stated net of the amounts of premiums and claims assumed and ceded. Policy benefit reserves and policy claims and benefits payable are reported net of the related reinsurance receivables. These receivables are recognized in a manner consistent with the liabilities related to the underlying reinsured contracts.

The Company is a party to a reinsurance agreement with North American. In this indemnity agreement, the Company assumes 80% of all policies issued by North American on or after January 1, 2014 of specific annuity plans. The Company recognized $779, $775 and $12,929 at December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, of premium under this agreement in the statement of operations. The Company retrocedes 100% of this business to a third party reinsurer through a modified coinsurance agreement.

The Company is a party to a modified coinsurance agreement with a third-party reinsurer. This indemnity agreement covers 80% of all policies issued by the Company on or after January 1, 2014 of specific annuity plans along with 100% of the business the Company assumes from North American in the coinsurance agreement discussed in the previous paragraph. In this agreement, the Company retains, on behalf of the reinsurer, assets equal to the statutory liabilities associated with the reinsured policies. The Company recognized $877,162 and $1,137,689 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of modified coinsurance reserves under this agreement in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus.

The Company is party to a reinsurance agreement providing for the coinsurance of 30% for certain policies that were acquired from an acquisition in 2002. The reinsurer assumes 30% of the net premiums and benefits related to this block of business and reimburses the Company for various expenses related to this business through the expense allowances provided for in the agreement. Reserve credits of $255,315 and $267,952 associated with this agreement are reported as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company is a party to two funds withheld coinsurance agreements with a third-party reinsurer. These are indemnity agreements that cover 50% of substantially all policies of specific annuity plans issued from January 1, 2002 through March 31, 2005, 60% of substantially all policies of specific annuity plans issued from April 1, 2005 through February 29, 2008 and 50% of substantially all policies of specific annuity plans issued from March 1, 2008 through November 30, 2013 of specific annuity plans. In these agreements, the Company agrees to withhold, on behalf of the assuming company, assets equal to the statutory reserve associated with these policies. A funds withheld liability of $2,542,336 and $2,863,676 is reflected as a component of funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company is a party to a coinsurance agreements with a third-party reinsurer. This indemnity agreement covers 100% of all policies issued from January 1, 2008 through September 30, 2009 of specific annuity plans. Reserve credits of $107,993 and $117,824, associated with this agreement are reported as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. In addition, reserve credits of $1,690 and $1,473 associated with this agreement are reported as a component of policy and contract claims in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company is party to a coinsurance and yearly renewable term agreement with a third-party reinsurer that was effective on January 1, 2016. The Company ceded policies issued during 2016 for specific annuity

189

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

plans. Premiums ceded under this agreement of $25,719, $20,352 and $18,050 are reported as a component of life insurance and annuity premiums and other considerations in the statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Reserve credits of $152,896 and $143,641 associated with this agreement are reported as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. A funds withheld liability of $96,129 and $72,113 is reflected as a component of funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company has a coinsurance agreement with MNL Re, an affiliated limited purpose subsidiary life insurance company. The agreement has subsequently been amended to extend the term and increase the life insurance policies covered under the agreement. The Company ceded a defined block of permanent life insurance products to MNL Re. The Company recognized reserve credits of $1,299,032 and $1,318,921 under this agreement on December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are reflected as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The Company recognized $779,076 and $712,205 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of funds held under coinsurance under this agreement in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The reserve credit was supported by a contingent note guarantee (“LLC Note”) with a balance of $513,753 and $606,715 for 2022 and 2021, respectively. The LLC Note held by MNL Re, which functions in a manner similar to a standby letter of credit and which Midland National is a beneficiary, is an admitted asset under Iowa prescribed practice and the surplus generated by this prescribed practice has been retained in the carrying value of MNL Re.

On December 31, 2011, the Company entered into a coinsurance agreement with Solberg Re, an affiliated limited purpose subsidiary life insurance company. The agreement has subsequently been amended to extend the term and increase the life insurance policies covered under the agreement. The Company ceded a defined block of term life insurance to Solberg Re. The Company received experience refunds related to this agreement of $789, $10,241 and $18,170 during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Company recognized reserve credits of $524,486 and $536,961 under this agreement on December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are reflected as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The Company recognized $201,852 and $198,999 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of funds held under coinsurance under this agreement which is reported as funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The reserve credit was supported by an LLC Note with a balance of $322,634 and $337,962 for 2022 and 2021, respectively. The LLC Note held by Solberg Re, which functions in a manner similar to a standby letter of credit and which Midland National is a beneficiary, is an admitted asset under Iowa prescribed practice and the surplus generated by this prescribed practice has been retained in the carrying value of Solberg Re.

On September 30, 2019, the Company entered into a coinsurance agreement with Canal Re, an affiliated limited purpose subsidiary life insurance company. The Company ceded a defined block of term life insurance products to Canal Re. The Company received experience refunds related to this agreement of $27,653 and $25,549 during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company recognized reserve credit of $395,144 and $347,654 under this agreement on December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which is reflected as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The Company recognized $166,262 and $146,400 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of funds held under coinsurance under this agreement which is

190

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

reported as funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The reserve credit was supported by an LLC Note with a balance of $228,882 and $201,253 for 2022 and 2021, respectively. The LLC Note held by Canal Re, which functions in a manner similar to a standby letter of credit and which Midland National is a beneficiary, is an admitted asset under Iowa prescribed practice and the surplus generated by this prescribed practice has been retained in the carrying value of Canal Re.

On December 31, 2020, the Company entered into a coinsurance agreement with a third party reinsurer. The Company has ceded a defined block of permanent life insurance products to the third party reinsurer. The Company recognized $629,087 and $549,956 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of funds held under coinsurance under this agreement as a component of funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. A reserve credit of $853,955 and $739,591 associated with this agreement is reported as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

On October 31, 2021, the Company entered into a funds withheld coinsurance agreement with SFG Bermuda, an affiliated company domiciled in Bermuda, under which the Company ceded 100% of certain fixed index annuity policies issued prior to October 1, 2021. The Company also cedes 80% of all fixed index annuity policies issued on or after October 1, 2021. On July 1, 2022 the Company began ceding 80% of all fixed annuity policies issued. The Company ceded premiums of $3,410,246 during 2021 which includes the initial ceding premium on the inforce business ceded. The Company recognized $6,963,526 and $3,365,728 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, of funds held under coinsurance under this agreement as a component of funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. A reserve credit of $6,952,687 and $3,356,579 associated with this agreement is reported as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The treaty also involved the coinsurance of interest maintenance reserve generated by the assets in the funds withheld portfolio. An interest maintenance reserve credit associated with this treaty of $393,146 and $490,480 is reported as a component of interest maintenance reserves in the statements of admitted assets liabilities and capital and surplus as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company is a party to several reinsurance agreements with Scottish Re (U.S.), Inc. (“SRUS”) for cession of mortality risks on its life insurance business. SRUS was put into rehabilitation in 2019. In 2020, as a result of the Company’s ongoing assessment of the rehabilitation proceedings, it was deemed unlikely that the Company would be able to recover from SRUS the full amount of reserve credit recognized for business ceded to SRUS. In 2020, the Company recorded an impairment of $17,830 which was reflected in increase in liabilities for future life and annuity policy benefits in the statement of operations and as an increase of liabilities for future policy benefits on the statement of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, reserve credit of $6,911 and $8,826, respectively, net of impairment, was included in liabilities for future policy benefits on the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus related to the Company’s reinsurance contracts with SRUS.

The estimated amount of the aggregate reduction in surplus (for agreements other than those under which the reinsurer may unilaterally cancel for reasons other than the nonpayment of premiums or other similar credits) for nonperformance or termination of all reinsurance agreements, by either party, is $1,008,060 as of December 31, 2022.

191

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

10. FUTURE POLICY BENEFITS AND POLICY PREMIUMS DUE, DEFERRED OR

UNCOLLECTED

Reserves for life contracts and deposit-type contracts

The Company waives deduction of deferred fractional premiums upon death of the insured. For policies without flexible premiums the Company returns any portion of the final premium beyond the policy month of death. Reserves include the excess of the surrender value over the reserve as otherwise computed. Additional premiums plus the regular gross premium for the true age are charged for substandard lives. Mean reserves are determined by computing the regular mean reserve for the plan at the true age and holding, in addition, one-half (50%) of the extra premium charge for the year for fixed premium plans and one-half of the extra risk charge for the month for flexible premium plans.

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had $12,839,472 and $14,366,065, respectively, of insurance in force for which the gross premiums are less than the net premiums according to the standard of valuation set by the State of Iowa. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, reserves to cover the above insurance totaled $283,017 and $275,708, respectively, before reinsurance ceded. The Company anticipates investment income as a factor in the calculations of its premium deficiency reserves.

The Company fully adopted valuation manual standard 20 (“VM-20”) as of January 1, 2020. The VM-20 reserving methodology is a principles based approach required for life insurance policies which uses prudent estimate assumptions. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company held VM-20 reserves for the applicable life insurance policies in the amount of $4,884,171 and $3,266,645, respectively. These reserves were reflected in the liabilities for future policy benefits and as a decrease to unassigned surplus in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus.

The Company adopted valuation manual standard 21 (“VM-21”) as of January 1, 2020. The VM-21 reserving methodology is a principles based approach required for variable annuity policies which uses prudent estimate assumptions for interest and other assumptions. The adoption of VM-21 resulted in a reduction of the applicable reserves on variable annuity policies in the amount of $12,573 and was reflected in the liabilities for future policy benefits and as an increase to unassigned surplus in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The Company elected to record the full impact in 2020 rather than electing to grade in the change in valuation basis. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company held VM-21 reserves for the applicable life insurance policies in the amount of $2,362,433 and $2,785,595, respectively. These reserves were reflected in the liabilities for future policy benefits and as a decrease to unassigned surplus in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus.

Analysis of annuity actuarial reserves and deposit liabilities by withdrawal characteristics

A portion of the Company’s liabilities for future policy benefits relate to liabilities established on a variety of products that are not subject to significant mortality and morbidity risk; however, there may be certain restrictions placed upon the amount of funds that can be withdrawn without penalty. The amount of reserves on these products, by withdrawal characteristics and the related percentage of the total, are summarized as follows at December 31:

192

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Individual Annuities

	2022
	General Account		Separate Account with Guarantees		Separate Account Nonguaranteed		Total		Percent
Subject to discretionary withdrawal
With market value adjustment	$	25,469,004	$	—	$	—	$	25,469,004		71	%
At book value less current surrender charge of 5% or more		86,203		—		—		86,203		—	%
At fair value – separate account non-guaranteed		—		—		2,060,022		2,060,022		6	%
Total with market value adjustment		25,555,207		—		2,060,022		27,615,229		77	%
At book value without adjustment (minimal or no charge or adjustment)		8,161,713		—		—		8,161,713		22	%
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal		274,838		10,764		—		285,602		1	%
Total		33,991,758		10,764		2,060,022		36,062,544		100	%
Reinsurance ceded		8,247,561		—		—		8,247,561
Total (gross – ceded)	$	25,744,197	$	10,764	$	2,060,022	$	27,814,983
Amount included in book value less surrender charges above that will move to book value without adjustment for the first time within the year after the statement date:	$	31,280

193

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2021
	General Account		Separate Account with Guarantees		Separate Account Nonguaranteed		Total		Percent
Subject to discretionary withdrawal
With market value adjustment	$	22,736,206	$	—	$	—	$	22,736,206		68	%
At book value less current surrender charge of 5% or more		139,142		—		—		139,142		—	%
At fair value – separate account non-guaranteed		—		—		2,497,318		2,497,318		8	%
Total with market value adjustment		22,875,348		—		2,497,318		25,372,666		76	%
At book value without adjustment (minimal or no charge or adjustment)		7,578,348		—		—		7,578,348		23	%
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal		284,492		—		—		284,492		1	%
Total		30,738,188		—		2,497,318		33,235,506		100	%
Reinsurance ceded		4,804,586		—		—		4,804,586
Total (gross – ceded)	$	25,933,602	$	—	$	2,497,318	$	28,430,920
Amount included in book value less surrender charges above that will move to book value without adjustment for the first time within the year after the statement date:	$	54,694

194

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Group Annuities

	2022
	General Account		Separate Account with Guarantees		Separate Account Nonguaranteed		Total		Percent
Subject to discretionary withdrawal
With market value adjustment	$	1,688,307	$	—	$	—	$	1,688,307		31	%
At book value less current surrender charge of 5% or more		4,681		—		—		4,681		—	%
At fair value – separate account non-guaranteed		—		—		—		—		—	%
Total with market value adjustment		1,692,988		—		—		1,692,988		31	%
At book value without adjustment (minimal or no charge or adjustment)		3,053,456		—		—		3,053,456		56	%
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal		656,666		88,355		—		745,021		13	%
Total (gross: direct + assumed		5,403,110		88,355		—		5,491,465		100	%
Reinsurance ceded		1,535,335		—		—		1,535,335
Total (gross – ceded)	$	3,867,775	$	88,355	$	—	$	3,956,130
Amount included in book value less surrender charges above that will move to book value without adjustment for the first time within the year after the statement date:	$	—

195

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2021
	General Account		Separate Account with Guarantees		Separate Account Nonguaranteed		Total		Percent
Subject to discretionary withdrawal
With market value adjustment	$	1,910,147	$	—	$	—	$	1,910,147		35	%
At book value less current surrender charge of 5% or more		4,965		—		—		4,965		—	%
At fair value – separate account non-guaranteed		—		—		—		—		—	%
Total with market value adjustment		1,915,112		—		—		1,915,112		35	%
At book value without adjustment (minimal or no charge or adjustment)		3,313,807		—		—		3,313,807		62	%
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal		170,967		—		—		170,967		3	%
Total (gross: direct + assumed		5,399,886		—		—		5,399,886		100	%
Reinsurance ceded		1,685,310		—		—		1,685,310
Total (gross – ceded)	$	3,714,576	$	—	$	—	$	3,714,576
Amount included in book value less surrender charges above that will move to book value without adjustment for the first time within the year after the statement date:	$	—

196

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Deposit-type Contracts

	2022
	General Account		Separate Account with Guarantees		Separate Account Nonguaranteed		Total		Percent
Subject to discretionary withdrawal
With market value adjustment	$	2,835	$	—	$	—	$	2,835		1	%
At book value less current surrender charge of 5% or more		—		—		—		—		—	%
At fair value – separate account non-guaranteed		—		—		—		—		—	%
Total with market value adjustment		2,835		—		—		2,835		1	%
At book value without adjustment (minimal or no charge or adjustment)		230,143		—		—		230,143		48	%
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal		247,214		9		—		247,223		51	%
Total (gross: direct + assumed		480,192		9		—		480,201		100	%
Reinsurance ceded		642		—		—		642
Total (gross – ceded)	$	479,550	$	9	$	—	$	479,559
Amount included in book value less surrender charges above that will move to book value without adjustment for the first time within the year after the statement date:	$	—

	2021
	General Account		Separate Account with Guarantees		Separate Account Nonguaranteed		Total		Percent
Subject to discretionary withdrawal
With market value adjustment	$	3,841	$	—	$	—	$	3,841		1	%
At book value less current surrender charge of 5% or more		—		—		—		—		—	%
At fair value – separate account non-guaranteed		—		—		—		—		—	%
Total with market value adjustment		3,841		—		—		3,841		1	%
At book value without adjustment (minimal or no charge or adjustment)		327,307		—		—		327,307		56	%
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal		255,265		—		—		255,265		43	%
Total (gross: direct + assumed		586,413		—		—		586,413		100	%
Reinsurance ceded		654		—		—		654
Total (gross – ceded)	$	585,759	$	—	$	—	$	585,759
Amount included in book value less surrender charges above that will move to book value without adjustment for the first time within the year after the statement date:	$	—

197

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Analysis of life actuarial reserves by withdrawal characteristics

	2022
	General Account
	Account Value		Cash Value		Reserve
Subject to discretionary withdrawal, surrender values, or policy loans:
Universal life	$	9,875,415	$	9,840,206	$	9,736,529
Universal life with secondary guarantees		506,231		389,178		2,339,631
Indexed universal life		4,559,359		4,088,431		4,108,425
Indexed universal life with secondary guarantees		598,568		438,893		961,555
Other permanent cash value life insurance		190,130		190,130		305,570
Variable universal life		89,761		88,881		93,167
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal or no cash values:
Term policies without cash value		—		—		1,401,267
Accidental death benefits		—		—		675
Disability – active lives		—		—		7,369
Disability – disabled lives		—		—		39,504
Miscellaneous reserves		—		—		282,329
Total		15,819,464		15,035,719		19,276,021
Reinsurance ceded		652,819		509,803		3,567,007
Total net of reinsurance ceded	$	15,166,645	$	14,525,916	$	15,709,014

198

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2022
	Separate Account with Guarantees
	Account Value		Cash Value		Reserve
Subject to discretionary withdrawal, surrender values, or policy loans:
Universal life	$	2,990,787	$	2,990,787	$	2,990,132
Universal life with secondary guarantees		—		—		—
Indexed universal life		—		—		—
Indexed universal life with secondary guarantees		—		—		—
Other permanent cash value life insurance		—		—		—
Variable universal life		—		—		—
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal or no cash values:
Term policies without cash value		—		—		—
Accidental death benefits		—		—		—
Disability – active lives		—		—		—
Disability – disabled lives		—		—		—
Miscellaneous reserves		—		—		—
Total		2,990,787		2,990,787		2,990,132
Reinsurance ceded		—		—		—
Total net of reinsurance ceded	$	2,990,787	$	2,990,787	$	2,990,132

199

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2022
	Separate Account Non-guaranteed
	Account Value		Cash Value		Reserve
Subject to discretionary withdrawal, surrender values, or policy loans:
Universal life	$	—	$	—	$	—
Universal life with secondary guarantees		—		—		—
Indexed universal life		—		—		—
Indexed universal life with secondary guarantees		—		—		—
Other permanent cash value life insurance		—		—		—
Variable universal life		598,793		588,639		591,828
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal or no cash values:
Term policies without cash value		—		—		—
Accidental death benefits		—		—		—
Disability – active lives		—		—		—
Disability – disabled lives		—		—		—
Miscellaneous reserves		—		—		—
Total		598,793		588,639		591,828
Reinsurance ceded		—		—		—
Total net of reinsurance ceded	$	598,793	$	588,639	$	591,828

200

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2021
	General Account
	Account Value		Cash Value		Reserve
Subject to discretionary withdrawal, surrender values, or policy loans:
Universal life	$	8,673,914	$	8,632,526	$	8,558,333
Universal life with secondary guarantees		524,521		386,536		2,299,982
Indexed universal life		4,263,219		3,818,356		3,845,318
Indexed universal life with secondary guarantees		554,629		405,302		868,741
Other permanent cash value life insurance		185,551		185,551		293,788
Variable universal life		90,985		89,976		94,728
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal or no cash values:
Term policies without cash value		—		—		1,369,169
Accidental death benefits		—		—		715
Disability – active lives		—		—		7,779
Disability – disabled lives		—		—		39,207
Miscellaneous reserves		—		—		392,582
Total		14,292,819		13,518,247		17,770,342
Reinsurance ceded		646,296		499,480		3,490,382
Total net of reinsurance ceded	$	13,646,523	$	13,018,767	$	14,279,960

201

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2021
	Separate Account with Guarantees
	Account Value		Cash Value		Reserve
Subject to discretionary withdrawal, surrender values, or policy loans:
Universal life	$	2,891,381	$	2,891,381	$	2,890,763
Universal life with secondary guarantees		—		—		—
Indexed universal life		—		—		—
Indexed universal life with secondary guarantees		—		—		—
Other permanent cash value life insurance		—		—		—
Variable universal life		—		—		—
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal or no cash values:
Term policies without cash value		—		—		—
Accidental death benefits		—		—		—
Disability – active lives		—		—		—
Disability – disabled lives		—		—		—
Miscellaneous reserves		—		—		—
Total		2,891,381		2,891,381		2,890,763
Reinsurance ceded		—		—		—
Total net of reinsurance ceded	$	2,891,381	$	2,891,381	$	2,890,763

202

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2021
	Separate Account Non-guaranteed
	Account Value		Cash Value		Reserve
Subject to discretionary withdrawal, surrender values, or policy loans:
Universal life	$	—	$	—	$	—
Universal life with secondary guarantees		—		—		—
Indexed universal life		—		—		—
Indexed universal life with secondary guarantees		—		—		—
Other permanent cash value life insurance		—		—		—
Variable universal life		792,341		779,257		782,030
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal or no cash values:
Term policies without cash value		—		—		—
Accidental death benefits		—		—		—
Disability – active lives		—		—		—
Disability – disabled lives		—		—		—
Miscellaneous reserves		—		—		—
Total		792,341		779,257		782,030
Reinsurance ceded		—		—		—
Total net of reinsurance ceded	$	792,341	$	779,257	$	782,030

Policy premium due, deferred and uncollected

Gross premiums are amounts charged to the policyholder and recognized as income when due from policyholders under the terms of the insurance contract. Net premiums are the amount calculated on the basis of the interest and mortality table used to calculate the policy reserves. The difference between gross premium and net premium is referred to as loading and generally includes allowances for acquisition costs and other expenses, but also includes the differences in mortality and interest assumptions utilized for statutory reserving purposes.

Due, deferred and uncollected life insurance premiums (net of reinsurance ceded) are summarized as follows at December 31:

	2022				2021
	Gross		Net of Loading		Gross		Net of Loading
Ordinary – new business	$	8,324	$	519	$	8,379	$	1,968
Ordinary – renewal		85,613		169,367		79,533		162,854
	$	93,937	$	169,886	$	87,912	$	164,822

203

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

11. SEPARATE ACCOUNTS

The Company has separate accounts for its variable life and annuity business, a portion of its pension risk transfer business, registered index-linked annuity business, and a portion of its bank owned life insurance business. Information regarding the separate accounts of the Company is as follows:

	2022		2021
Reserves at December 31 for accounts with assets at:
Market value	$	2,651,850	$	3,279,348
Amortized cost		3,089,250		2,890,763
Total reserves	$	5,741,100	$	6,170,111
By withdrawal characteristics:
At book value without MV adjustment and with current surrender charges less than 5%	$	5,641,981	$	6,170,111
Not subject to discretionary withdrawal		99,119		—
Total reserves	$	5,741,100	$	6,170,111

Following is a summary reconciliation of amounts reported as transfers to and from separate accounts in the summary of operations of the Company’s NAIC separate account annual statements with the amounts reported as net transfers to separate accounts in the accompanying statements of operations for the years ended December 31:

	2022			2021			2020
Reconciliations of net transfers to (from) separate accounts
Transfers of premiums to separate accounts	$	453,431		$	651,572		$	295,797
Transfers from separate accounts		(353,931	)		(394,848	)		(298,174	)
Net transfers to (from) the separate accounts as reported in the statements of operations	$	99,500		$	256,724		$	(2,377	)

The Company has variable annuities with guaranteed benefits including guaranteed death benefits and guaranteed living benefits. The total maximum guarantee provided to the separate account associated with guaranteed death benefits of $125,286, $47,870, $48,759, $48,744 and $85,497 as of December 31, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The risk charges remitted to the general account associated with these guarantees was $800, $868, $747, $512 and $590 for 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.

12. CAPITAL AND SURPLUS AND DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS

The Company has 2,549 common stock shares authorized, issued and outstanding. The Company has no preferred stock outstanding. Without prior approval of its domiciliary commissioner, dividends to shareholders is limited by the laws of the Company’s state of incorporation, Iowa, to $544,822 in 2023 an amount that is based on restrictions relating to the 2022 net gain from operations and statutory surplus. Within these limitations, there are no restrictions placed on the portion of Company profits that may be paid as ordinary dividends to its stockholder. The unassigned surplus of $3,030,041 is unrestricted and held for the benefit of the Company’s stockholder.

204

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

During 2022, the Company paid ordinary cash dividends in the amounts of $166,000 on March 31, $209,000 on September 30, and $199,000 on December 31 to its stockholder, SFG.

On October 25, 2013, the Company issued a surplus note to its parent, SFG, for $142,000. This note is reported as a component of capital and surplus in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The surplus note bears annual interest at 7.5% payable in semi-annual installments. The maturity date of the note is October 31, 2043. Payment of principal and interest on this note is subject to approval by the Iowa Insurance Division. The Company incurred interest expense of $10,650 in 2022, 2021 and 2020. The Company has recognized life-to-date interest of $99,500.

On December 30, 2014, the Company issued a surplus note to its parent, SFG, for $200,000. This note is reported as a component of capital and surplus in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The surplus note bears annual interest at 7.0% payable in semi-annual installments. The maturity date of the note is December 30, 2044. Payment of principal and interest on this note is subject to approval by the Iowa Insurance Division. The Company incurred interest expense of $14,000 in 2022, 2021 and 2020. The Company has recognized life-to-date interest of $112,000.

On June 30, 2017, the Company issued a surplus note to its parent, SFG, for $295,000. This note is reported as a component of capital and surplus in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The surplus note bears annual interest at 6.0% payable in semi-annual installments. The maturity date of the note is June 30, 2047. Payment of principal and interest on this note is subject to approval by the Iowa Insurance Division. The Company incurred interest expense of $17,700 in 2022, 2021, and 2020. The Company has recognized life-to-date interest of $95,047.

On December 30, 2017, the Company issued a surplus note to its parent, SFG, for $200,000. This note is reported as a component of capital and surplus in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The surplus note bears an annual interest rate at 6.0% payable in semi-annual installments. The maturity date of the note is December 30, 2047. Payment of principal and interest on this note is subject to approval by the Iowa Insurance Division. The Company incurred interest expense of $12,000 in 2022, 2021, and 2020. The Company has recognized life-to-date interest of $60,000.

On December 30, 2020, the Company issued a surplus note to its parent, SFG, for $200,000. This note is reported as a component of capital and surplus in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The surplus note bears an annual interest rate at 6.5% payable in semi-annual installments. The maturity date of the note is December 30, 2050. Payment of principal and interest on this note is subject to approval by the Iowa Insurance Division. The Company incurred interest expense of $13,000 and $10,863 in 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company has recognized life-to-date interest of $23,863.

On May 4, 2022, the Company issued a surplus note to its parent, SFG, for $200,000. This note is reported as a component of capital and surplus in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The surplus note bears an annual interest rate at 6.1% payable in semi-annual installments. The maturity date of the note is March 31, 2052. Payment of principal and interest on this note is subject to approval by the Iowa Insurance Division. The Company incurred interest expense of $4,980 in 2022. The Company has recognized life-to-date interest of $4,980.

205

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

13. INCOME TAXES

The components of the net deferred tax asset recognized by the Company at December 31 are as follows:

	2022						2021						Change
	Ordinary		Capital		Total		Ordinary		Capital		Total		Ordinary			Capital		Total
Gross deferred tax asset	$	609,794	$	154,122	$	763,916	$	576,282	$	46,816	$	623,098	$	33,512		$	107,306	$	140,818
Statutory valuation allowance		—		—		—		—		—		—		—			—		—
Adjusted gross deferred tax		609,794		154,122		763,916		576,282		46,816		623,098		33,512			107,306		140,818
Deferred tax assets nonadmitted		242,738		—		242,738		134,105		—		134,105		108,633			—		108,633
Subtotal net admitted deferred tax asset		367,056		154,122		521,178		442,177		46,816		488,993		(75,121	)		107,306		32,185
Deferred tax liabilities		112,140		21,346		133,486		149,755		—		149,755		(37,615	)		21,346		(16,269	)
Net admitted deferred tax	$	254,916	$	132,776	$	387,692	$	292,422	$	46,816	$	339,238	$	(37,506	)	$	85,960	$	48,454

	2022						2021						Change
	Ordinary		Capital		Total		Ordinary		Capital		Total		Ordinary			Capital		Total
Admission Calculation
Components SSAP No. 101:
(a) Federal income taxes paid in prior years recoverable through loss carrybacks	$	—	$	154,122	$	154,122	$	—	$	46,816	$	46,816	$	—		$	107,306	$	107,306
(b) Adjusted gross deferred tax assets expected to be realized after application of the threshold limitation		254,916		—	$	254,916		292,422		—	$	292,422		(37,506	)		—	$	(37,506	)
Adjusted gross deferred be realized following the balance sheet date		254,916		—	$	254,916		292,422		—		292,422		(37,506	)		—		(37,506	)
Adjusted gross deferred tax assets allowed per limitation threshold		XXX		XXX		700,918		XXX		XXX		735,727		XXX			XXX		(34,809	)
(c) Adjusted gross deferred tax assets offset by gross deferred tax liabilities		112,140		—	$	112,140		149,755		—		149,755		(37,615	)		—	$	(37,615	)
Deferred tax assets admitted as the result of application of SSAP No. 101 (a)+(b)+(c)	$	367,056	$	154,122	$	521,178	$	442,177	$	46,816	$	488,993	$	(75,121	)	$	107,306	$	32,185

206

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

	2022			2021
Ratio percentage used to determine recovery period and threshold limitation amount		753	%		844	%
Amount of adjusted capital and surplus used to determine recovery period and threshold limitation	$	4,671,065		$	4,904,846

The impact of tax planning strategies at December 31 is as follows:

	2022						2021						Change
	(1)			(2)			(3)			(4)			(5)			(6)
	Ordinary			Capital			Ordinary			Capital			(Col 1-3) Ordinary			(Col 2-4) Capital
Impact of tax-planning strategies
(a) Determination of adjusted gross deferred tax assets and net admitted deferred tax assets, by tax character as a percentage
1. Adjusted gross DTAs amount from note 9A1(c)	$	609,794		$	154,122		$	576,282		$	46,816		$	33,512		$	107,306
2. Percentage of adjusted gross DTAs by tax character attributable to the impact of tax planning strategies		1.1	%		17.4	%		1.1	%		7.5	%		—	%		9.9	%
3. Net admitted adjusted gross DTAs amount from note 9A1(e)	$	367,056		$	154,122		$	442,177		$	46,816		$	(75,121	)	$	107,306
4. Percentage of net admitted adjusted gross DTAs by tax character admitted because of the impact of tax planning strategies		2.2	%		34.2	%		2.0	%		13.8	%		0.2	%		20.4	%

The Company’s tax-planning strategies do not include the use of reinsurance.

There are no deferred tax liabilities that have not been recognized.

Current income taxes incurred consist of the following major components at December 31:

	2022			2021			2020
Current income tax:
Federal income tax on operations	$	158,428		$	137,652		$	120,855
Federal income tax on net capital gains		(30,414	)		180,995			7,780
Other		(27,504	)		(14,838	)		4,832
Federal and foreign income taxes incurred	$	100,510		$	303,809		$	133,467

207

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

The components of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows:

	2022		2021			Change
Deferred tax assets:
Ordinary
Policyholder reserves	$	279,341	$	285,903		$	(6,562	)
Investments		1,145		2,843			(1,698	)
Deferred acquisition costs		267,781		232,876			34,905
Fixed assets		7,196		5,147			2,049
Compensation and benefits accrual		2,738		2,980			(242	)
Pension accrual		31,114		30,190			924
Receivables—nonadmitted		1,596		1,391			205
Other (including items <5% of total ordinary tax assets)		18,883		14,952			3,931
Subtotal		609,794		576,282			33,512
Nonadmitted		242,738		134,105			108,633
Admitted ordinary deferred tax assets		367,056		442,177			(75,121	)
Capital
Investments		154,122		46,816			107,306
Admitted capital deferred tax assets		154,122		46,816			107,306
Admitted deferred tax assets	$	521,178	$	488,993		$	32,185
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
Ordinary
Investments	$	29,240	$	54,237		$	(24,997	)
Fixed assets		7,721		9,798			(2,077	)
Deferred and uncollected premium		35,676		34,613			1,063
Policyholder reserves		38,298		51,563			(13,265	)
Other (including items <5% of total ordinary tax liabilities)		1,205		(456	)		1,661
Subtotal		112,140		149,755			(37,615	)
Capital
Investments		21,346		—			21,346
Deferred tax liabilities		133,486		149,755			(16,269	)
Net deferred tax assets	$	387,692	$	339,238		$	48,454

208

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

The provision for income taxes incurred is different from that which would be obtained by applying the statutory Federal income tax rate to income before income taxes. The significant items causing this difference for the year ended December 31, 2022, are as follows:

	Tax Effect			Effective Tax Rate
Provision computed at statutory rate	$	95,702			21.0	%
IMR amortization		1,309			0.3	%
Tax exempt income		(24,986	)		(5.5	)%
Tax credits		(40,380	)		(8.9	)%
Change in nonadmitted assets		(5,498	)		(1.2	)%
Other		(6,095	)		(1.3	)%
Total statutory income taxes	$	20,052			4.4	%
Federal income taxes incurred	$	100,510			22.1	%
Change in net deferred income taxes		(80,458	)		(17.7	)%
Total statutory income taxes	$	20,052			4.4	%

At December 31, 2022, the Company had no operating loss or tax credit carryforwards available and has not made any deposits under Section 6603 of the Internal Revenue Code. The income taxes incurred in the current and prior years that will be available for recoupment in the event of a future capital loss are $0 in 2022, $203,819 in 2021 and $0 in 2020.

On August 16, 2022, the U.S. enacted the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the Act). The Act contained various tax-related provisions, including the establishment of a new 15 percent corporate alternative minimum tax (CAMT) on adjusted financial statement income for certain large corporations effective for tax years beginning on or after January 1, 2023. Reporting entities that are aware they will be subject to the CAMT would normally reflect the effects of the Act on the calculations impacted by the CAMT in the period of enactment if reasonably estimable.

The Statutory Accounting Principles Working Group (the Working Group) issued INT 22-02: Third Quarter 2022 Reporting of the Inflation Reduction Act – Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax on October

6, 2022. On December 13, 2022, the Working Group adopted a consensus to extend this interpretation for December 31, 2022, and first quarter 2023 statutory financial statements. Because of the timing of the adoption of the Act and the considerable number of unknown variables at December 31, 2022, the Working Group determined that a reasonable estimate is not determinable for the calculations impacted by the CAMT and reporting entities shall not recognize impacts related to CAMT for the 2022 annual financial statements.

The Company expects that the new CAMT provisions will apply to it in 2023 and future years; however, it does not expect to incur any liability for additional taxes as it will not be allocated any portion of any potential consolidated CAMT liability under the tax sharing arrangement with its parent company.

14. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The Company provides certain postretirement health care and life insurance benefits for eligible active employees through health and welfare benefit plans. Substantially all employees working for the Company are eligible for those benefits at retirement. The type and amount of benefit varies based on the plan in effect for a particular employee group.

209

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

As of December 31, 2022, the Company anticipates contributing the following amounts to its health care plan:

2023	$	1,091
2024		1,120
2025		1,179
2026		1,259
2027		1,318
Thereafter		7,305

The following table summarizes the assets, benefit obligations and other information related to these plans as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:

	Underfunded
Change in Postretirement Benefits	2022			2021			2020
Benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	32,841		$	35,149		$	30,335
Service cost		1,674			1,600			1,319
Interest cost		948			814			939
Contribution by plan participants		447			509			523
Actuarial gain (loss)		(8,795	)		(4,199	)		3,929
Benefits paid		(1,200	)		(1,032	)		(1,214	)
Plan amendments		—			—			(682	)
Benefit obligation at end of year	$	25,915		$	32,841		$	35,149

	Postretirement Benefits
Change in plan assets	2022			2021
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	$	—		$	—
Actual return on plan assets		—			—
Foreign currency exchange rate changes		—			—
Reporting entity contribution		753			523
Aplan participants’ contributions		447			509
Benefits paid		(1,200	)		(1,032	)
Business combinations, divestitures and settlements		—			—
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	—		$	—

	Postretirement Benefits
Components of net periodic benefit costs	2022			2021			2020
Service cost	$	1,674		$	1,600		$	1,319
Interest cost		948			814			939
Gains and losses		207			367			210
Prior service cost or credits		(96	)		(96	)		(81	)
Total net periodic benefit cost	$	2,733		$	2,685		$	2,387

210

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Amounts in unassigned funds (surplus) recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost	Postretirement Benefits
	2022			2021			2020
Net prior service cost or credit arising during the period	$	—		$	—		$	(683	)
Net prior service cost or credit recognized		96			96			81
Net gain and loss arising during the period		(8,795	)		(4,199	)		3,929
Net gain and loss recognized		(207	)		(367	)		(210	)
Items not yet recognized as a component of net periodic cost—current year	$	(8,906	)	$	(4,470	)	$	3,117

Amounts in unassigned funds (surplus) that have not yet been recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost	Postretirement Benefits
	2022			2021
Net prior service cost or credit	$	—		$	—
Net recognized gains and losses		(298	)		17
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost as of December 31	Postretirement Benefits
	2022			2021
Weighted-average discount rate		2.75	%		2.40	%
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets		n/a			n/a
Rate of compensation increase		n/a			n/a
Weighted-average assumptions used to determine projected benefit obligation as of December 31	Postretirement Benefits
	2022			2021
Weighted average discount rate		5.00	%		2.75	%
Rate of compensation increase		n/a			n/a

The Company participates in an Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) sponsored by SEI covering eligible employees of SFG. SFG pays and recognizes as an expense the current year allocation to its employees pursuant to the terms of a service agreement with SEI. SEI is responsible for funding employee distributions from the SEI ESOP to participants as they occur.

Compensation expense is recognized as shares to participants are committed to be released.

The expense for 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $27,486, $33,375 and $17,501, respectively.

15. OTHER RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company pays fees to SEI under management contracts that cover certain investment, accounting, employee benefit and management services. The Company was charged $45,222, $36,321 and $31,765 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, related to these contracts.

In 2013, the Company issued guaranteed investment contracts (“GICs”) to SEI for $102,000. In 2016, the Company issued additional GICs of $100,000. During 2020, the contracts were surrendered. In 2021, Midland National reissued GICs to SEI for $200,000 that had been surrendered in 2020. In 2022, $101,000 of the contracts were surrendered. The remaining contracts have an account value of $100,687 at December 31, 2022 and are included in liabilities for deposit type funds in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. Interest incurred on these contracts was $1,689, $1,386 and $3,114 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

211

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

The Company pays investment management fees to an affiliate, Guggenheim Partners Investment Management Inc. (“GPIM”). SEI holds an indirect interest in Guggenheim. During 2022, 2021 and 2020, the Company incurred fees of $39,252, $53,321 and $47,585, respectively, for these investment management services. In 2022, the fee structure changed from being calculated based on the average fair value of invested assets under management multiplied by a contractual rate, to a fixed fee structure.

The Company entered an agreement effective July 31, 2022 to receive investment management services from SFGAM, an affiliate registered investment advisor which was established in 2022. During 2022, the Company incurred $5,141 for these investment management services. The fee is calculated based on the average fair value of invested assets under management multiplied by a contractual rate.

Guggenheim Commercial Real Estate Finance, LLC, (an indirect subsidiary of Guggenheim) provides commercial mortgage loan origination and servicing services for the Company. The Company incurred expense of $8,528, $7,651 and $7,776 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for these commercial mortgage services. The fee is calculated monthly based on the outstanding principal balance of the commercial mortgage loans and real estate owned multiplied by a contractual rate.

In December 2020, the Company originated a commercial mortgage loan for Pathfinder Ranches, LLC, which is an indirect subsidiary of SEI in the amount of $25,000. The loan had a rate of 4.35% and was set to mature in 2027. In 2022, Pathfinder Ranches, LLC prepaid the entire remaining principal of the loan. A prepayment fee of $4,718 was collected at the time of the payoff. Interest earned on this loan was $1,147 and $1,088 in 2022 and 2021, respectively.

At December 31, 2022, the Company holds an investment security issued by GPIM. The security is reported in invested assets in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus at December 31, 2022 (6.82% interest, $51,406 par, $51,383 reported value, due 2023). At December 31, 2021, the security was reported in invested assets in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus (3.50% interest, $51,816 par, $51,778 reported value, due 2023).

The Company holds $313,388 and $348,173 of investments in debt securities issued by affiliates which are reported in bonds in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus at December 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. The Company also holds $1,316,224 and $1,078,429 of limited partnership interests in affiliates which are reported in other invested assets in the statement of admitted assets, liabilities, and capital and surplus at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

The Company provided certain investment, accounting, policy administration and management services to North American. The Company received reimbursements of $156,558, $147,536 and $128,942 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain insurance and noninsurance services to MNL Re. The Company received reimbursements of $100 in each of 2022, 2021 and 2020 for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain insurance and noninsurance services to Solberg Re. The Company received reimbursements of $100 in each of 2022, 2021 and 2020 for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain insurance and noninsurance services to Canal Re. The Company received reimbursements of $100 in 2022 and 2021, and $125 in 2020, respectively, for the costs incurred to render such services.

212

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

The Company provided certain investment, accounting, payroll administration and management services to SIG for which it was reimbursed $6,019, $6,305 and $6,333 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provided certain investment, accounting, payroll administration and management services to SFN for which it was reimbursed $22,781, $24,945 and $19,750 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain accounting, payroll administration and management services to Beacon. The Company received reimbursements of $747, $270, and $0 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company provides certain insurance and noninsurance services to SFG Bermuda. The Company received reimbursements of $1,500, $500, and $0 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for the costs incurred to render such services.

The Company issued surplus notes payable to SFG. The borrowings were $1,237,000 and $1,037,000 as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The Company paid interest to SFG in the amount of $72,330, $65,213, and $54,350 in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. See Note 12 for further discussion of these surplus notes.

The Company is party to coinsurance agreements with North American, MNL Re, Solberg Re, Canal Re, and SFG Bermuda. See Note 9 for further discussion of these transactions.

16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Limited partnership commitments

At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the Company had outstanding capital commitments to limited partnerships of $1,509,768 and $751,352, respectively.

Lease commitments

The Company leases certain equipment and office space. Rental expense on operating leases of $1,773, $1,871 and $4,055 were incurred in 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The approximate future minimum lease payments under these non-cancelable leases at December 31, 2022 are as follows:

2023	$	525
2024		512
2025		446
2026		313
2027		331
Thereafter		2,019

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MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020

(Dollars in Thousands)

Other contingencies

Under insurance guaranty fund laws, in most states insurance companies doing business therein can be assessed up to prescribed limits for policyholder losses incurred by insolvent companies. The Company does not believe such assessments will be materially different from amounts already provided for in the financial statements. Most of these laws do provide, however, that an assessment may be excused or deferred if it would threaten an insurer’s own financial strength.

The Company has, in the normal course of business, claims and lawsuits filed against it. In some cases the damages sought are substantially in excess of contractual policy benefits. The Company believes these claims and lawsuits, either individually or in the aggregate, will not materially affect the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

17. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company evaluated subsequent events through April 14, 2023, the date the financial statements were available to be issued.

Subsequent to December, 31, 2022, the US banking system experienced failures of Silvergate Bank, Silicon Valley Bank and Signature Bank and significant liquidity concerns across the banking industry, particularly among regional banks. Regulators have acted and continue to focus on further potential systemic risk. While the Company has no exposure in its investment portfolio to the three aforementioned banks that failed, the Company does have exposure to non-Systematically Important Financial Banks (SIBs), including a preferred stock holding in First Republic Bank. As of December 31, 2022, less than 1% of the Company’s cash was deposited with non-SIBs.

The Company is continuing to monitor the risks related to these events and all potential impacts to the Company. Potential impacts may include:

• Impacts to the Company’s investment portfolio, which could result in fair value changes and/or credit losses if economic conditions persist or worsen, including contagion to other areas of the US economy not currently experiencing economic stress.

• Changes in policyholder behavior, including banks and/or assumptions including potential increase in policyholder surrenders or withdrawals

While future events cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not expect the exposure to non-SIB institutions to have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition.

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Second Quarter 2023 Financial Information

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

	Year to Date June 30,
(dollars in thousands)	2023		2022
Statement of Operations Data:
Premium considerations:
Life	$	434,183	$	1,465,233
Annuity		1,477,726		798,227
Total premium considerations		1,911,909		2,263,460
Net investment income and other revenues		1,094,818		1,170,082
Total revenues		3,006,727		3,433,542
Total benefits and expenses		2,695,291		3,054,418
Net gain from operations before federal income taxes and before realized capital gains or (losses)		311,436		379,124
Net income	$	94,260	$	275,764
	As of June 30,		As of December 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2023		2022
Balance Sheet Data:
Cash and invested assets	$	68,728,681	$	68,506,437
Total admitted assets		78,516,666		77,808,910
Aggregate reserves for life and annuity contracts		45,042,355		45,321,010
Other liabilities		28,381,132		27,424,383
Total liabilities		73,423,487		72,745,393
Total capital and surplus		5,093,179		5,063,517

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITIONS AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion provides an assessment of the statutory basis financial position and results of operations of Midland National. Statutory accounting practices (“SAP”) financial information is prepared and presented in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the NAIC and the Iowa Insurance Division. Certain differences exist between SAP and GAAP. See Note 1 of Midland National’s statutory basis audited financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this document, for a detail discussion of these differences.

Overview

Midland National is a life insurance company domiciled in the state of Iowa. The Company offers a variety of financial and retirement products through multiple distribution channels. Its insurance products include life insurance, including bank and credit union-owned life insurance, and fixed and variable annuities.

Our primary sources of earnings are (i) the spread that we earn on our investments (i.e., net investment income less cost of money, which includes interest credited to contract holder accounts and costs of hedging) and (ii) mortality gains (i.e., premiums and other revenues offset by life death benefits and increases in reserves), offset by general and administrative expenses.

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Analysis of Results of Operations – Year to Date June 30, 2023 and 2022

The following table presents the statutory results of operations for the periods indicated:

	Year to Date June 30,						% Change
(dollars in thousands)	2023			2022
Revenues:
Life premium	$	434,183		$	1,465,233			-70	%
Annuity considerations		1,477,726			798,227			85	%
Net investment income		1,123,256			1,168,851			-4	%
Other income		(28,438	)		1,231			-2411	%
Total revenues		3,006,727			3,433,542			-12	%
Benefits and Expenses:
Policyholder benefits		2,488,210			1,592,628			56	%
Change in policyholder reserves		(278,655	)		879,041			-132	%
Operating costs and other items		420,337			422,697			-1	%
Transfers to interest maintenance reserve ceded		17,175			51,741			-67	%
Net transfers to (from) separate accounts		48,224			108,311			-55	%
Total Benefits and Expenses		2,695,291			3,054,418			-12	%
Operating results before Federal income taxes and realized capital gains (losses)		311,436			379,124			-18	%
Federal income taxes		32,517			79,316			-59	%
Operating results before realized gains (losses)		278,919			299,808			-7	%
Realized gains (losses) net of federal income taxes		(184,659	)		(24,044	)		668	%
Net income	$	94,260		$	275,764			-66	%

Operating results before federal income taxes and realized gains (losses) decreased 18% year to date June 30, 2023 compared to the same period ended June 30, 2022. This decrease in earnings for the six month period is due to lower investment income from alternative assets in 2023, particularly in the 1st quarter.

Net income decreased 66% year to date June 30, 2023 and the same period ended June 30, 2022. This decrease was driven by the same factors that impacted operating results for the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to the same periods ended June 30, 2022 as described in the previous paragraph as well as realized losses taken on a preferred stock position of a regional bank that failed and this position was disposed of in the second quarter of 2023. A portion of that loss was offset by increase in unrealized loss through surplus where it had been recognized prior to Q2 2023.

Revenues

Total revenues decreased 12% year to date June 30, 2023 and the same period ended June 30, 2022. Following is a discussion of the primary contributors to this decrease.

Life insurance premiums decreased 70% for year to date June 30, 2023 compared to the same period ended June 30, 2022. These decreases were primarily due to decreases in sales of bank owned life insurance. Annuity considerations increased 85% for year to date June 30, 2023 compared to the same period ended June 30, 2022. This increase in premiums was due to higher sales of fixed indexed annuities and multi-year guarantee annuities and a reduction in fixed indexed annuity premiums ceded to an affiliate, SFG Bermuda, in 2023 compared to 2022.

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Net investment income decreased 4% for year to date June 30, 2023 compared to the same period ended June 30, 2022. The following table provides a summary of the components of net investment income:

	Quarter Ended June 30,						% Change			Year to Date June 30,						% Change
(dollars in thousands)	2023			2022						2023			2022
Net Investment Income:
Bonds	$	656,851		$	560,671			17	%	$	1,295,647		$	1,136,639			14	%
Preferred stocks		23,660			31,370			-25	%		44,882			41,772			7	%
Common stocks		2,743			3,956			-31	%		5,851			6,871			-15	%
Mortgage loans		43,389			47,161			-8	%		87,386			87,581			—	%
Real estate		1,631			2,519			-35	%		3,263			5,037			-35	%
Policy loans		5,744			5,716			—	%		11,602			11,359			2	%
Cash and short-term investments		20,389			208			9699	%		28,108			286			9734	%
Derivative instruments		(62,227	)		(97,668	)		-36	%		(195,054	)		(134,850	)		45	%
Other invested assets		47,207			45,236			4	%		74,868			119,573			-37	%
Other investment income		386			2,440			-84	%		1,558			2,766			-44	%
Total gross investment income		739,773			601,609			23	%		1,358,111			1,277,034			6	%
Less: investment expenses		136,482			72,144			89	%		234,855			108,183			117	%
Net investment income	$	603,291		$	529,465			14	%	$	1,123,256		$	1,168,851			-4	%

For the year to date June 30, 2023 net investment income decreased 4% over the comparable prior year primarily attributable to a decrease in income from derivative instruments and lower income from other invested assets, partially offset by increases in investment income on the core portfolio. Excluding derivative instruments, net investment income increased 1% for the six months ended June 30, 2023 over the comparable prior year. The increase in net investment income, excluding derivative instruments, is attributable to increased earnings bonds and short term assets, partially offset by lower income from other invested assets and higher interest expenses on FHLB borrowings and repurchase agreements.

Benefits and Expenses

Policyholder benefits increased 56% for year to date June 30, 2023 compared to the same period ended June 30, 2022. This was primarily attributable to an increase in net surrenders on annuities over the prior year comparable periods. Surrender and withdrawal benefits are generally offset by a corresponding decrease in policyholder reserves

Change in policyholder reserves decreased 132% for year to date June 30, 2023 compared to the same period ended June 30, 2022. An increase in annuity surrenders generated a reduction of reserve, and lower bank owned life and corporate owned life insurance sales in 2023 resulted in a lower increase in reserves relative to 2022.

Federal Income Taxes

The effective Federal income tax rate applicable to operations for the year to date June 30, 2023 was 10% compared to 21% for the same period ended June 30, 2022. The decrease in the effective tax rate is primarily attributable to the impact of the tax credit bonds held and tax exempt income.

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Realized Gains (Losses) Net of Federal Income Taxes

Realized losses net of federal income taxes for year to date June 30, 2023 were $185 million compared to losses of $24 million for the same period ended June 30, 2022. For statutory reporting purposes, realized gains (losses) reported on the statement of operations are net of gains and losses transferred to the Interest Maintenance Reserve (“IMR”). Amounts transferred to IMR, which is a liability reported in the statement of financial position, are gains and losses resulting from changes in interest rates and are amortized into operations over the estimated remaining lives of the securities sold. Gains and losses reported in the statement of operations are credit and non-interest related. The losses reported for year to date in 2023 were primarily due to an impairment taken on a preferred stock in March followed by the write-off of the remaining value in April associated with a failed regional bank. The remaining smaller losses for all periods related to other than temporary impairments taken during 2023 and 2022 on various holdings with credit deterioration as well as interest rate related impairments taken due to intent to sell designations taken on a specific subset of securities prior to recovery.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Cash inflows consist primarily of premiums and deposits on insurance and annuity products, investment income and proceeds from sales or maturities of investments. Cash outflows consist primarily of benefits to policyholders and beneficiaries, payments for policy and contract surrenders, dividends to Sammons Financial Group, payments for investments acquired, operating expenses and taxes.

Midland National structures its investment portfolio to provide liquidity for timely payment of policy benefits, operational expenses and other obligations such as dividends. Midland National’s cash and short-term invested assets were $2,684 million and $722 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

Net cash used by operating activities was $148 million year to date June 30, 2023 and net cash provided by operating activities was $909 million for the same period ended June 30, 2022. Net cash flow from operating activities primarily consists of net investment income and premium receipts from insurance contracts less benefit payments, operating expenses and income taxes. The decrease in cash provided by operating activities in 2023 compared to 2022 is primarily due an increase in surrenders, deaths and benefits paid to policyholders, partially offset by a increase in cash flows from investment income from derivatives used to hedge indexed life and annuity liabilities.

Cash flow provided by investing activities was $1,496 million for year to date June 30, 2023 and net cash used by investing activities was $2,399 million for the same period ended June 30, 2022. Net cash flow provided or used by investing activities primarily consists of the purchase or sale of securities generated from or required to fund operating and financing cash flows. Operating plus financing cash flows generally determine the cash used by or provided by investing activities. The fluctuations from period to period are driven by the variations in those operating and financing cash flows. In addition during the first half of 2023, the Company accumulated an additional $1,962 million of cash and short term investments, which impacted the level of cash used by or provided by investing activities..

Cash flow provided by financing activities was $613 million for year to date June 30, 2023 and net cash used by financing activities was $99 million for the same period ended June 30, 2022.

Midland National is a member of the FHLB of Des Moines. The FHLB membership provides the Company a borrowing facility with access to low cost funding. As members of the FHLB, Midland National is required to purchase and hold the FHLB common stock. In addition, Midland National is required to purchase activity common stock equal to 5% of outstanding borrowings. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Midland National owned a total of $133 million of membership and activity common stock of the FHLB.

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The Company utilizes the FHLB borrowing ability as a source of funding to complement its security lending program. The Company had total outstanding borrowings from the FHLB of $3,073 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. These borrowings are fully secured by assets pledged as collateral to the FHLB. The total borrowing capacity available to the Company is dependent on the type and amount of assets eligible to be pledged as collateral. The Company believes it has sufficient assets available to be pledged as collateral to meet any unexpected liquidity need in the foreseeable future.

The Company utilizes a security lending program (primarily repurchase agreements) to enhance investment income. This program could be used as a source of short-term funds if the need arose. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had outstanding repurchase agreements of $4,766 million and $4,806 million, respectively. The repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities and an agreement to repurchase the same securities at a later date at an agreed-upon price. Our policy requires that, at all times during the term of the repurchase agreements, cash or other types of collateral provided is sufficient to allow the counterparty to fund substantially all of the cost of purchasing replacement assets. The cash proceeds received under these repurchase agreements are typically invested in fixed income securities. The Company accounts for these transactions as secured borrowings, where the amount borrowed is tied to the fair value of the underlying collateral securities. The collateral for these agreements is reported in bonds in the balance sheet of the Company. Iowa, the state of domicile for the Company, limits the amount of securities lending to 10% of policyholder legal reserves. As of December 31, 2022, Midland National’s securities lending was 10% of policyholder legal reserves.

At December 31, 2022 Midland National had outstanding capital commitments to limited partnerships of $1,510 million.

Insurance Policyholder Liabilities

Liquidity needs vary by product. Factors that affect each product’s need for liquidity include interest rate levels, contract size, competitive products, termination or surrender charges, market value adjustments, federal income taxes, benefit levels and level of underwriting risk. To help assure that obligations will be met when they fall due, the Company uses asset/liability cash flow management techniques that take into consideration current and total investment return requirements, asset and liability durations, risk tolerance, and cash flow requirements. The Company closely monitors the general account to assess asset/liability matching and to modify investment strategies and rebalance investment portfolio durations as necessary. The fair values for liabilities under all insurance contracts are taken into consideration in the overall management of interest rate risk.

The Company’s product features enhance its liquidity position. Virtually all individual deferred annuity products and universal life products contain surrender charges for varying durations, reducing the risk that customers will seek withdrawals during the period surrender charges are in place. Surrender charges allow the Company to better plan the maturities of its invested assets by reducing the risk that future cash outflows will exceed anticipated levels.

Certain of our life and annuity products include guaranteed benefits, including guaranteed minimum death benefits, guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits, guaranteed minimum accumulation benefits, and guaranteed minimum income benefits. These guarantees are designed to protect contract holders against significant downturns in securities markets and interest rates. Any such periods of significant and sustained downturns in securities markets, increased equity volatility, or reduced interest rates could result in an increase in the valuation of our liabilities associated with those products. An increase in these liabilities would result in a decrease in our net income.

Although cash flow testing includes many different scenarios, cash flow requirements are inherently unpredictable, as they are affected by external factors, such as changes in interest rates.

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There can be no assurance that future experience regarding benefits and surrenders will be similar to historic experience because withdrawal and surrender levels are influenced by factors such as the interest rate environment and the Company’s claims-paying and financial strength ratings.

Capital Resources

As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Midland National’s total adjusted capital (“TAC”), as defined by the NAIC, was $5,727 million and $5,655 million, respectively. The TAC is used to calculate the Company’s risk based capital (“RBC”) at the end of each reporting period. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, Midland National’s company action level RBC was 412% and 404%,

respectively. Midland National’s TAC is well in excess of all RBC standards as of both indicated reporting dates. In addition, Midland National monitors its capital levels as determined by each of its rating agencies (AM Best, Standard & Poor’s and Fitch). As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 Midland National’s capital exceeds the amount necessary to maintain its current ratings.

The following table summarizes the components of MNL’s TAC:

	As of June 30,		As of December 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2023		2022
Capital and surplus	$	5,093,179	$	5,063,517
Asset valuation reserve		633,105		590,241
Subsidiaries’ asset valuation reserve		854		816
Total Adjusted Capital	$	5,727,138	$	5,654,574

The Company is wholly owned by SFG and its ability to pay dividends is limited by the laws of the state of Iowa, its state of domicile. Without prior approval of the commissioner of the Iowa Insurance Division, MNL is limited to pay ordinary dividends to SFG of $545 million in 2023. MNL paid dividends to SFG of $100 million and $166 million for years to date June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Midland National has three wholly owned limited purpose captive subsidiaries domiciled in the state of Iowa. The purpose of these captive subsidiaries is to provide statutory relief for redundant statutory required reserves on certain life insurance policies. The statutory relief is in the form of admissibility of qualifying regulatory defined other security assets. The following describes the arrangements applicable to each wholly owned limited purpose captive subsidiary.

Solberg Reinsurance Company (“Solberg Re”), a wholly owned limited purpose subsidiary domiciled in the state of Iowa, secured a contingent note guarantee from an unrelated third party insurance company. The contingent note guarantee supports redundant statutory required reserves on certain term life insurance policies assumed from Midland National and North American Company for Life and Health Insurance (“North American”), an affiliate of Midland National. The contingent note guarantee has a term of 18 years and has a maximum issuance amount of $612 million. The contingent note guarantee can be drawn upon when actual policy benefits applicable to the specific life insurance term policies exceed specified thresholds. Solberg Re does not anticipate drawing funds against the contingent note guarantee. The amount of the contingent note guarantee is reported as an admitted asset by Solberg Re.

MNL Reinsurance Company (“MNL Re”), another wholly owned limited purpose subsidiary domiciled in the state of Iowa, secured a contingent note guarantee by an unrelated third party for specific risks on certain permanent life insurance policies assumed by MNL Re from Midland National and North American. The contingent note guarantee has a term of 18 years and an aggregate maximum amount of $1,499 million. The

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contingent note can be drawn upon when actual policy benefits applicable to the specific permanent life insurance policies exceed certain thresholds. MNL Re does not anticipate drawing funds against the contingent note. The amount of the contingent note guarantee is reported as an admitted asset by MNL Re.

Canal Reinsurance Company (“Canal Re”), a wholly owned limited purpose subsidiary domiciled in the state of Iowa, was launched on September 30, 2019 at which time it secured a contingent note guarantee from an unrelated third party insurance company. The contingent note guarantee supports redundant statutory required reserves on certain term life insurance policies assumed from Midland National and North American. The contingent note guarantee has a term of 18 years and has a maximum issuance amount of $453 million. The contingent note guarantee can be drawn upon when actual policy benefits applicable to the specific life insurance term policies exceed specified thresholds. Canal Re does not anticipate drawing funds against the contingent note guarantee. The amount of the contingent note guarantee is reported as an admitted asset by Canal Re.

On December 31, 2020, the Company entered into a coinsurance agreement with a third party reinsurer. The Company has ceded a defined block of permanent life insurance products to the third party reinsurer. The Company recognized funds held under coinsurance under this agreement as a component of funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. A reserve credit associated with this agreement is reported as a component of liabilities for future policy benefits in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

On October 31, 2021, the Company entered into a funds withheld coinsurance agreement with SFG Bermuda, an affiliated company domiciled in Bermuda, under which the Company ceded 100% of certain fixed index annuity policies issued prior to October 1, 2021. The Company also ceded 80% of all fixed index annuity policies issued between October 1, 2021 and March 31, 2023, cedes 80% of certain fixed indexed annuity policies issued on or after April 1, 2023 and ceded 80% of MYGA policies issued between July 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022.. The Company recognizes funds held under coinsurance under this agreement as a component of funds held under coinsurance in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

Midland National’s parent, SFG, has issued senior notes in 2013, 2017, 2021 and 2022. The proceeds from these notes issued in 2013 and 2017 were used to purchase surplus notes from SFG’s insurance subsidiaries to support business growth. Midland National received $142 million in 2013 and $295 million in 2017 as capital contributions from these senior note offerings to support its business growth. The proceeds from the notes issued in 2021 and 2022 were used to support continued business growth and $200 mllion of the proceeds from the notes issued in 2022 were used to purchase surplus notes from SFG’s insurance subsidiaries including $200 million from Midland National. SFG has the ability to issue additional debt in order to support future business growth of Midland National and other insurance subsidiaries. SEI also has access a bank line of credit and other sources of capital that can be contributed to SFG and its insurance subsidiaries to support business growth.

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Investments

Midland National had total cash and invested assets of $68,729 million and $68,506 million at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, as illustrated below:

	June 30, 2023					December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value		% of Total Admitted Value			Admitted Value		% of Total Admitted Value
Cash and invested assets
Bonds	$	54,997,759		81	%	$	56,710,124		83	%
Stocks
Preferred stocks		1,314,015		2	%		1,653,807		2	%
Common-subsidiaries		314,545		0	%		264,909		0	%
Common-other		228,368		0	%		309,008		0	%
Mortgage loans		3,637,936		5	%		3,835,425		6	%
Real estate		99,474		0	%		99,050		0	%
Policy loans		488,156		1	%		459,745		1	%
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		2,683,594		4	%		722,450		1	%
Receivable for securities		42,276		0	%		4,686		0	%
Derivative instruments		635,774		1	%		621,508		1	%
Other invested assets		4,286,784		6	%		3,825,725		6	%
Total cash and invested assets	$	68,728,681		100	%	$	68,506,437		100	%

All investments held by the Company are monitored for conformity with the qualitative and quantitative limits prescribed by the Iowa insurance laws and regulations. In addition, the Company’s Board of Directors periodically reviews the investment portfolio, including its credit quality and performance. The Company’s investment strategy is to maintain a predominantly investment-grade, fixed maturity portfolio to provide adequate liquidity for projected insurance and reinsurance obligations, and to generate income while prudently managing the portfolio’s risk.

The following table summarizes the admitted values and estimated fair values of the Company’s bond portfolio for the years ended June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	At June 30, 2023							At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total Admitted Value			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total Admitted Value
Bonds
U.S. government	$	2,732,527	$	3,371,772		6	%	$	2,645,599	$	3,372,011		6	%
All other government		1,003,107		1,345,715		2	%		961,324		1,303,556		2	%
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		10,570,728		12,027,617		22	%		11,104,478		12,642,252		22	%
Industrial and miscellaneous		32,276,478		36,771,963		67	%		32,625,334		37,734,661		67	%
Bank loans		1,121,520		1,145,491		2	%		1,249,000		1,292,873		2	%
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		336,183		335,201		1	%		344,812		364,771		1	%
Total bonds	$	48,040,543	$	54,997,759		100	%	$	48,930,547	$	56,710,124		100	%
Preferred stock	$	1,270,185	$	1,314,015		100	%	$	1,601,753	$	1,653,807		100	%
Common stock
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates	$	314,545	$	314,545		58	%	$	264,909	$	264,909		46	%
Other		228,368		228,368		42	%		309,008		309,008		54	%
Total common stock	$	542,913	$	542,913		100	%	$	573,917	$	573,917		100	%

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The Company’s rating designations are based on ratings from nationally recognized rating organizations, primarily those assigned by S&P, Moody’s Investor Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and Fitch. The Company’s bond portfolio consisted of 94% and 94% of investment grade securities at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. The NAIC Securities Valuation Office (“SVO”) is responsible for the day-to-day credit quality assessment and valuation of securities owned by state-regulated insurance companies. Comparisons between the NAIC ratings and rating agency designations are published by the NAIC. The NAIC assigns securities quality ratings and uniform valuations, which are used by insurers when preparing their annual statements to their state insurance regulators. The NAIC ratings are similar to the rating agency designations of the Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (“NRSRO”) for marketable bonds. NAIC ratings 1 and 2 include bonds generally considered investment grade (rated Baa3 or higher by Moody’s, or BBB- or higher by S&P and Fitch), by such ratings organizations. NAIC ratings 3 through 6 include bonds generally considered below investment grade (rated Ba1 or lower by Moody’s, or rated BB+ or lower by S&P and Fitch). Typically, if a security has been rated by an NRSRO, the SVO utilizes that rating and assigns an NAIC designation based on the following system:

NAIC Rating	NRSRO Equivalent
1	Aaa/Aa/A
2	Baa
3	Ba
4	B
5	Caa and lower
6	In or near default

The following table summarizes Midland National’s bond portfolio by NAIC ratings:

	At June 30, 2023					At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value		% of Total			Admitted Value		% of Total
NAIC Designation
1	$	32,780,434		60	%	$	33,331,016		59	%
2		18,793,744		34	%		19,544,817		34	%
3		1,785,557		3	%		2,074,143		4	%
4		1,273,738		2	%		1,377,295		2	%
5		355,526		1	%		364,796		1	%
6		8,760		0	%		18,057		0	%
Total Bonds	$	54,997,759		100	%	$	56,710,124		100	%

The admitted value of investments in bonds, by contractual maturity, are summarized below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties:

	At June 30, 2023					At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value		% of Total			Admitted Value		% of Total
Contractual maturity
Due in one year or less	$	754,324		1	%	$	647,759		1	%
Due after one year through five years		4,852,715		9	%		4,942,884		9	%
Due after five years through ten years		6,965,865		13	%		6,982,739		12	%
Due after ten years		28,560,468		52	%		29,947,902		53	%
Securities not due at a single maturity date
(primarily mortgage-backed securities)		13,864,387		25	%		14,188,840		25	%
Total Bonds	$	54,997,759		100	%	$	56,710,124		100	%

223

Important factors in the selection of investments include diversification, credit quality, liquidity, yield and call protection. The relative importance of these factors is determined by market conditions and underlying product or portfolio characteristics. The largest asset class in which bonds were invested was Industrial and Miscellaneous, which constituted 67% and 67% of bonds at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

The following tables summarize the Company’s sector allocation, admitted values, estimated fair values and ratings distribution for Industrial and Miscellaneous bonds at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	At June 30, 2023							At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
Industrial & Miscellaneous
Insurance	$	2,885,964	$	3,370,694		10	%	$	3,036,691	$	3,569,694		9	%
Banking		2,783,815		3,108,461		9	%		2,981,799		3,347,904		8	%
Military Housing		2,622,252		2,857,620		8	%		2,723,791		3,020,483		8	%
CLO		2,597,288		2,719,877		7	%		2,455,669		2,609,555		7	%
Energy		2,198,099		2,577,546		7	%		2,128,434		2,549,136		7	%
Consumer Non Cyclical		1,981,356		2,336,168		6	%		1,817,306		2,235,984		6	%
Transportation		1,682,272		1,885,770		5	%		1,870,979		2,180,156		6	%
Communications		1,318,436		1,592,525		4	%		1,288,655		1,604,980		4	%
Consumer Cyclical		1,238,187		1,436,272		4	%		1,320,738		1,542,173		4	%
Technology		1,219,103		1,423,906		4	%		1,118,747		1,353,221		4	%
Basic		1,096,677		1,313,423		4	%		1,047,378		1,273,745		3	%
Whole Business		1,107,318		1,275,280		3	%		1,167,712		1,343,628		4	%
Brokerage/Asset Managers/Exchanges		928,284		1,192,097		3	%		997,470		1,261,806		3	%
CRE-CLO		1,013,792		1,053,255		3	%		994,360		1,019,013		3	%
Financial		892,395		1,019,414		3	%		861,736		1,020,492		3	%
Other Industrials		554,052		687,403		2	%		591,521		736,819		2	%
Electric		586,720		678,693		2	%		557,805		648,746		2	%
Finance Company		598,740		667,507		2	%		410,798		479,410		1	%
Sovereign		477,869		552,193		2	%		493,319		573,817		2	%
Capital Goods		489,112		545,240		1	%		499,349		570,419		2	%
Other ABS		495,438		530,126		1	%		523,309		566,166		2	%
Prime		381,083		448,661		1	%		414,153		484,576		1	%
Other Financials		377,521		447,519		1	%		381,619		449,564		1	%
CTL		388,956		430,877		1	%		399,602		441,869		1	%
Cell Tower		363,517		409,636		1	%		324,145		378,246		1	%
REIT		353,014		403,562		1	%		319,799		360,927		1	%
Triple Net Lease		351,640		384,220		1	%		314,429		348,500		1	%
CDO		333,872		381,804		1	%		357,988		424,116		1	%
Traditional-Conduit		187,721		223,863		1	%		236,327		268,359		1	%
Traditional-Single Borrower		210,059		220,660		1	%		222,719		232,287		1	%
Agency		168,562		198,610		1	%		279,551		326,466		1	%
Alt-A		135,835		136,514		0	%		97,227		100,637		0	%
Diversified Payment Rights		49,006		51,035		0	%		52,659		55,110		0	%
Housing		43,252		45,828		0	%		40,377		42,835		0	%
Other		27,194		29,332		0	%		30,498		33,041		0	%
Re-Remic		34,380		28,500		0	%		35,739		29,187		0	%
Fixed Income		21,803		21,803		0	%		8,301		8,301		0	%
City		13,679		14,343		0	%		9,905		10,898		0	%
University		12,676		13,928		0	%		41,343		44,377		0	%

224

	At June 30, 2023							At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
State		12,397		12,930		0	%		11,548		12,718		0	%
Subprime		11,689		12,355		0	%		47,175		46,160		0	%
Hospital		7,848		8,271		0	%		47,893		58,103		0	%
Water & Sewer		5,637		5,890		0	%		5,352		5,888		0	%
General Purpose		4,135		4,060		0	%		—		—		0	%
Traditional		3,982		4,040		0	%		—		—		0	%
Automotive		3,919		3,924		0	%		13,882		13,916		0	%
Servicing Advance		3,200		3,575		0	%		3,235		3,575		0	%
School		1,540		1,476		0	%		761		715		0	%
Non-Traditional		813		897		0	%		846		907		0	%
Consumer Unsecured		379		380		0	%		377		380		0	%
Power		—		—		0	%		40,318		45,656		0	%
Total Industrial & Miscellaneous	$	32,276,478	$	36,771,963		100	%	$	32,625,334	$	37,734,661		100	%

	At June 30, 2023							At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
NAIC Designation
1	$	14,910,526	$	16,647,535		45	%	$	14,679,507	$	16,650,238		44	%
2		15,548,037		17,993,852		49	%		15,904,380		18,650,407		50	%
3		1,326,409		1,554,864		4	%		1,539,497		1,837,259		5	%
4		467,683		552,916		2	%		456,117		545,430		1	%
5		19,733		18,749		0	%		32,221		37,851		0	%
6		4,090		4,047		0	%		13,612		13,476		0	%
Total Industrial & Miscellaneous	$	32,276,478	$	36,771,963		100	%	$	32,625,334	$	37,734,661		100	%

The following table summarizes the Company’s sector allocation, admitted values, estimated fair values and ratings distribution for Bank Loans at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	At June 30, 2023							At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
Bank Loans
Consumer Non Cyclical	$	325,046	$	346,179		31	%	$	343,241	$	367,419		29	%
Technology		198,398		199,485		18	%		204,476		209,456		16	%
Consumer Cyclical		158,265		160,552		14	%		160,912		165,004		13	%
Other Industrials		99,236		102,167		9	%		101,174		105,279		8	%
Capital Goods		94,259		94,405		8	%		96,479		99,257		8	%
Transportation		64,236		65,636		6	%		130,192		130,858		10	%
Brokerage/Asset Managers/Exchanges		60,499		60,395		5	%		86,197		89,931		7	%
Basic		33,337		34,134		3	%		33,444		33,527		3	%
Communications		25,756		26,072		2	%		27,131		29,515		2	%
Other Financials		23,217		24,784		2	%		27,923		29,222		2	%
Electric		24,033		23,888		2	%		25,669		25,687		2	%
Energy		11,737		4,176		0	%		8,544		4,084		0	%
REIT		3,501		3,618		0	%		3,618		3,634		0	%
Total Bank Loans	$	1,121,520	$	1,145,491		100	%	$	1,249,000	$	1,292,873		100	%

225

	At June 30, 2023							At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
NAIC Designation
1	$	34,457	$	34,644		3	%	$	38,605	$	42,155		3	%
2		125,227		124,290		11	%		183,041		184,226		14	%
3		89,234		90,104		8	%		92,910		94,674		7	%
4		671,222		693,734		61	%		768,559		804,795		63	%
5		192,998		198,007		17	%		160,708		162,443		13	%
6		8,382		4,712		0	%		5,177		4,580		0	%
Total Bank Loans	$	1,121,520	$	1,145,491		100	%	$	1,249,000	$	1,292,873		100	%

The following tables summarize the security type, admitted values, estimated fair values and ratings distribution for the Company’s investments in Parents, Subsidiaries and Affiliates at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

	At June 30, 2023							At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
Parent, Subsidiaries and Affiliates
Issuer Obligations/Affiliates	$	5,734	$	3,205		1	%	$	5,780	$	3,343		1	%
Structured Securities/Affiliates		279,221		280,800		84	%		288,204		310,045		85	%
Bank Loans/Affiliates		51,228		51,196		15	%		50,828		51,383		14	%
Total Parent, Subsidiaries and Affiliates	$	336,183	$	335,201		100	%	$	344,812	$	364,771		100	%

	At June 30, 2023							At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total			Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		% of Total
NAIC Designation
1	$	121,619	$	119,721		36	%	$	121,314	$	120,321		33	%
2		993		1,060		0	%		944		1,060		0	%
3		65,574		66,600		20	%		66,169		68,116		19	%
4		10,950		10,772		3	%		10,708		10,772		3	%
5		137,047		137,048		41	%		145,677		164,502		45	%
6		—				0	%		—		—		0	%
Total Parent, Subsidiaries and Affiliates	$	336,183	$	335,201		100	%	$	344,812	$	364,771		100	%

226

Mortgage Loans

The following tables outline the Company’s mortgage loans by property type:

	At June 30, 2023						At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value			% of Total			Admitted Value			% of Total
Property Type
Office	$	1,581,226			45	%	$	1,683,399			44	%
Retail		738,761			20	%		770,983			20	%
Hotel		622,288			17	%		646,030			17	%
Industrial		300,641			8	%		302,512			8	%
Multi-family		257,086			7	%		275,721			7	%
Other		126,337			3	%		123,418			3	%
Medical		14,875			0	%		36,818			1	%
Residential		—			0	%		—			0	%
Less: Allowance		(3,278	)		0	%		(3,456	)		0	%
Total Mortgage Loans	$	3,637,936			100	%	$	3,835,425			100	%

The following tables outline the Company’s mortgage loans by geographic location:

	At June 30, 2023						At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value			% of Total			Admitted Value			% of Total
Geographic Location
Pacific	$	1,014,571			27	%	$	1,065,106			27	%
South Atlantic		965,206			26	%		946,011			25	%
Middle Atlantic		862,612			24	%		914,950			24	%
Mountain		387,216			11	%		364,931			10	%
New England		165,384			5	%		167,405			4	%
East North Central		78,526			2	%		136,932			4	%
West North Central		75,069			2	%		120,789			3	%
East South Central		61,460			2	%		75,909			2	%
West South Central		31,170			1	%		46,848			1	%
Less: Allowance		(3,278	)		0	%		(3,456	)		0	%
Total Mortgage Loans	$	3,637,936			100	%		$3,835,425			100	%

The following table summarizes the Company’s mortgage loans by year of origination, current carrying value, average loan-to-value (“LTV”) at date of origination and range of interest rates.

(dollars in thousands)					Admitted Value as of
Year of Origination	Interest Rate Range		Range of LTV at Origination		June 30, 2023		% of Total
2019 and prior		3.55%-8.00%		42%-76%		$2,227,998		61%
2020		3.39%-4.85%		44%-70%		141,277		4%
2021		3.00%-4.25%		51%-68%		325,605		9%
2022		3.05%-9.97%		11%-67%		893,264		25%
2023		6.24%-6.24%		30%-30%		53,070		1%
Less: Allowance						(3,278)		0%
					$	3,637,936		100	%

227

Other Invested Assets

Other invested assets are comprised of limited partnerships, limited liability companies, residual equity interests, collateral loans, surplus notes and reverse mortgages. The following table summarizes the admitted value and unfunded commitments for the categories of other invested assets reported in the Company’s balance sheet.

	At June 30, 2023				At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value		Unfunded commitments		Admitted Value		Unfunded commitments
Investments that have underlying characteristics of:
Mortgage loans	$	217,595	$	56,099	$	250,637	$	61,563
Fixed income instruments-Unaffiliated		236,887		151,980		67,020		97,475
Fixed income instruments-Affiliated		294,444		—		283,789		6,286
Common stocks-Unaffiliated		1,182,958		724,611		1,040,467		739,286
Common stocks-Affiliated		634,267		46,516		720,193		73,807
Real estate		245,272		498,540		16,531		460,962
Surplus Notes		1,004,692		—		990,447		—
Collateral loans-Unaffiliated		116,868		9,751		116,436		—
Collateral loans-Affiliated		320,341		173,563		305,222		—
Miscellaneous other		33,460				34,983		—
Total other invested assets	$	4,286,784	$	1,661,060	$	3,825,725	$	1,439,379

Derivatives

Derivatives consist of options, futures, interest rate floors, interest rate swaps and foreign currency forwards. Midland National uses derivative instruments to manage its fixed indexed and policy obligations, interest guarantees and interest rate and credit risks applicable to its investments.

Derivatives are financial instruments whose values are derived from interest rates, financial indices, or other prices of securities. Under Iowa insurance statutes, Midland National may use derivatives to hedge market values or cash flows of assets or liabilities; to replicate cash market instruments; and for limited income generating activities. Midland National is prohibited from using derivatives for speculative purposes.

The following table presents the estimated fair value and admitted value for assets and reported value for liabilities of derivatives:

	At June 30, 2023				At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value
Derivative instruments:
Assets:
Call options	$	613,333	$	1,483,052	$	599,246	$	546,347
Futures		16,289		16,289		4,342		4,342
Interest rate floors		—		—		—		—
Interest rate swaps		511		511		16,085		2,658
Foreign exchange forwards		5,641		5,641		1,835		1,835
Total derivative instruments assets	$	635,774	$	1,505,493	$	621,508	$	555,182

228

	At June 30, 2023				At December 31, 2022
(dollars in thousands)	Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value		Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps	$	14,737	$	14,737	$	12,648	$	12,648
Written options		609		609		271,812		229,542
Foreign exchange forwards		254,009		757,817		1,678		1,678
Total derivative instruments liabilities	$	269,355	$	773,163	$	286,138	$	243,868

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

None.

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements of insurance companies requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. The most significant areas that require the use of management’s estimates relate to the determination of the fair values of financial assets and liabilities, derivatives and derivative instruments, impairments of securities, income taxes and liabilities for future policy benefits. Note 1 of the 2022 Midland National Audited Statutory Financial Statements provides a summary of significant accounting policies.

229

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

FOR THE SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 (UNAUDITED) AND THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Page(s)
Midland National Life Insurance Company
Financial Statements
Statements of Admitted Assets, Liabilities and Capital and Surplus- Statutory Basis		232
Statements of Operations- Statutory Basis		233
Statements of Changes in Capital and Surplus- Statutory Basis		234
Statements of Cash Flow- Statutory Basis		235
Notes to Statutory Financial Statements- Statutory Basis		236

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

STATEMENTS OF ADMITTED ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL AND SURPLUS -STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands, except par value)

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)
ADMITTED ASSETS
Bonds	$	54,997,759	$	56,710,124
Stocks
Preferred		1,314,015		1,653,807
Common - subsidiaries		314,545		264,909
Common - other		228,368		309,008
Mortgage loans		3,637,936		3,835,425
Real estate		99,474		99,050
Policy loans		488,156		459,745
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		2,683,594		722,450
Receivable for securities		42,276		4,686
Derivative instruments		635,774		621,508
Other invested assets		4,286,784		3,825,725
Total cash and invested assets		68,728,681		68,506,437
Policy premiums due, deferred or uncollected		167,025		169,886
Accrued investment income		635,810		621,057
Current federal income tax receivable		190,568		113,935
Net deferred tax asset		436,185		387,692
Company owned life insurance		1,784,880		1,733,483
Interest maintenance asset		15,631		18,231
Other admitted assets		96,392		88,149
Separate account assets		6,461,494		6,170,040
Total admitted assets	$	78,516,666	$	77,808,910
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL AND SURPLUS
Liabilities for future policy benefits	$	45,042,355	$	45,321,010
Liabilities for deposit-type contracts		472,767		479,550
Policy and contract claims		253,921		251,547
Other policyholder funds		3,134		3,001
Total policyholder liabilities		45,772,177		46,055,108
Amounts payable for reinsurance		41,497		26,065
Asset valuation reserve		633,105		590,241
Repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivatives		8,083,856		8,029,978
Payable for securities		47,053		182,503
Funds held under coinsurance		12,133,695		11,378,268
Derivative instruments		269,355		286,138
Accrued expenses and other liabilities		369,313		387,443
Separate account liabilities		6,073,436		5,809,649
Total liabilities		73,423,487		72,745,393
Capital and surplus
Common stock - $1 par value; 2,549,439 shares authorized, issued, and outstanding		2,549		2,549
Surplus notes		1,237,000		1,237,000
Additional paid-in capital		793,927		793,927
Unassigned surplus		3,059,703		3,030,041
Total capital and surplus		5,093,179		5,063,517
Total liabilities and capital and surplus	$	78,516,666	$	77,808,910

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statutory basis financial statements.

232

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

	Six months ended June 30,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
REVENUES
Life insurance and annuity premiums and other considerations	$	1,917,598		$	2,269,765
Net investment income		1,123,256			1,168,851
Commissions and expense allowances on reinsurance ceded		166,654			165,980
Amortization of interest maintenance reserve		(5,653	)		4,196
Reserve adjustments on reinsurance ceded		(117,401	)		(196,952	)
Investment income ceded - funds withheld reinsurance		(184,408	)		(68,003	)
Other income		106,681			89,705
Total revenues		3,006,727			3,433,542
BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
Life and annuity policy benefits		2,488,210			1,592,628
Increase (decrease) in liabilities for future life and annuity policy benefits		(278,655	)		879,041
Commissions		233,669			227,879
General expenses		170,564			150,825
Insurance taxes, licenses and fees		16,104			43,993
Transfers to interest maintenance reserve ceded		17,175			51,741
Net transfers to separate accounts		48,224			108,311
Total benefits and expenses		2,695,291			3,054,418
Net gain from operations before federal income taxes and net realized capital losses		311,436			379,124
Federal income tax expense		32,517			79,316
Net gain from operations before net realized capital losses		278,919			299,808
Net realized capital losses		(184,659	)		(24,044	)
Net income	$	94,260		$	275,764

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statutory basis financial statements.

233

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CAPITAL AND SURPLUS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

	Six months ended
	Common Stock		Surplus Notes		Additional Paid-In Capital		Unassigned Surplus			Total Capital and Surplus
Balances at December 31, 2021	$	2,549	$	1,037,000	$	793,927	$	3,414,966		$	5,248,442
Net income		—		—		—		275,764			275,764
Change in net unrealized capital gains (losses)		—		—		—		(261,463	)		(261,463	)
Change in net deferred income tax		—		—		—		38,838			38,838
Change in nonadmitted assets		—		—		—		(71,154	)		(71,154	)
Change in asset valuation reserve		—		—		—		166,634			166,634
Change in surplus notes		—		200,000		—		—			200,000
Change in surplus as a result of reinsurance		—		—		—		(33,031	)		(33,031	)
Dividends to stockholder		—		—		—		(166,000	)		(166,000	)
Balances at June 30, 2022 (Unaudited)	$	2,549	$	1,237,000	$	793,927	$	3,364,554		$	5,398,030
Balances at December 31, 2022	$	2,549	$	1,237,000	$	793,927	$	3,030,041		$	5,063,517
Net income		—		—		—		94,260			94,260
Change in net unrealized capital gains (losses)		—		—		—		116,665			116,665
Change in net deferred income tax		—		—		—		28,190			28,190
Change in nonadmitted assets		—		—		—		(33,766	)		(33,766	)
Change in asset valuation reserve		—		—		—		(42,865	)		(42,865	)
Change in surplus as a result of reinsurance		—		—		—		(32,822	)		(32,822	)
Dividends to stockholder		—		—		—		(100,000	)		(100,000	)
Balances at June 30, 2023 (Unaudited)	$	2,549	$	1,237,000	$	793,927	$	3,059,703		$	5,093,179

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statutory basis financial statements.

234

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

	Six months ended June 30,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Life insurance and annuity premiums and other considerations	$	1,917,568		$	2,268,155
Net investment income		1,057,160			1,065,793
Other income		198,555			170,152
Benefits paid		(2,596,344	)		(1,741,356	)
Net transfers to separate account		(46,385	)		(103,659	)
Insurance expenses paid		(622,953	)		(521,583	)
Federal income taxes paid		(55,692	)		(228,117	)
Net cash (used) provided by operating activities		(148,091	)		909,385
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from investments sold, matured or repaid
Bonds		3,607,653			6,850,430
Preferred and common stocks		340,747			131,837
Mortgage loans		286,218			329,085
Other invested assets		97,636			141,183
Miscellaneous proceeds		—			21,869
Cost of investments acquired
Bonds		(1,901,853	)		(8,418,276	)
Preferred and common stocks		(62,856	)		(245,873	)
Mortgage loans		(88,414	)		(660,799	)
Real estate		(1,742	)		(150	)
Other invested assets		(539,643	)		(477,420	)
Miscellaneous applications		(213,441	)		(47,204	)
Net change in policy loans		(28,411	)		(24,044	)
Net cash (used) provided in investing activities		1,495,894			(2,399,362	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Surplus notes		—			200,000
Company owned life insurance		—			(400,000	)
Net change in collateral liability		93,856			(260,018	)
Net change in repurchase agreements and FHLB advances		(39,978	)		385,500
Net withdrawals on deposit-type contract		(17,857	)		(17,721	)
Dividends paid to stockholder		(100,000	)		(166,000	)
Net change in funds held under coinsurance		753,077			787,405
Net change in remittances and items not allocated		(82,879	)		(650,366	)
Other cash provided		7,122			22,195
Net cash (used) provided by financing activity and other sources		613,341			(99,005	)
RECONCILIATION OF CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND SHORT-TERM INVESTMENTS
Net change in cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		1,961,144			(1,588,982	)
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments:
Beginning of year		722,450			2,029,737
End of year	$	2,683,594		$	440,755
SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW
Non-cash transactions:
Capitalized Interest	$	24,740		$	12,378

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statutory basis financial statements.

235

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND PROCEDURES

Organization

Midland National Life Insurance Company (“Midland National” or the “Company”) is a stock life insurance company domiciled in the state of Iowa. The Company operates predominantly in the individual life and annuity business of the life insurance industry and is licensed to operate in 49 states, the District of Columbia, and several U.S. territories. The Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc. (“SFG”), which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Enterprises, Inc. (“SEI”). MNL Reinsurance Company (“MNL Re”), Solberg Reinsurance Company (“Solberg Re”) and Canal Reinsurance Company (“Canal Re”), subsidiaries of Midland National, are captive reinsurance companies domiciled in Iowa, and New Roots M Trust (“New Roots”) and Stone Roots M Trust (“Stone Roots”), are investment subsidiaries of Midland National. The Company is affiliated through common ownership with North American Company for Life and Health Insurance (“North American”), including its subsidiaries New Roots N Trust and Stone Roots N Trust, Sammons Securities, Inc. (“Sammons Securities”), Sammons Institutional Group, Inc. (“SIG”), SFG Tenura, LLC (“Tenura”), Heyday Insurance Agency, LLC (“Heyday”), Beacon Capital Management, Inc. (“Beacon”), SFG Bermuda, LTD (“SFG Bermuda”), Property Disposition, Inc. (“PDI”), SFG Asset Management, LLC (“SFGAM”), and SFG Fortuna (“Fortuna”).

Basis of presentation

These unaudited interim statutory financial statements include material changes in financial condition or composition from the preceding fiscal year, hence, do not include all disclosures that are normally included in annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the related notes included in our Audited Financial Statements - Statutory Basis for the year ended December 31, 2022. The financial information included herein has been derived from the December 31, 2022 Audited Financial Statements - Statutory Basis.

The Company is domiciled in Iowa and prepares its statutory basis financial statements in accordance with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the Iowa Insurance Division. Prescribed statutory accounting practices (“SAP”) include state laws, regulations and general administrative rules, as well as a variety of publications of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (“NAIC”), including the NAIC Annual Statement Instructions, and the NAIC Accounting Practices and Procedures Manual (“NAIC SAP”). The NAIC SAP was promulgated within a set of approved and published Statements of Statutory Accounting Principles (“SSAP”). Permitted practices encompass all accounting practices not so prescribed. The Company’s capital and surplus was adequate for regulatory purposes prior to the effect of the prescribed practices described below and would not have been subject to a risk-based capital triggering event. The Company’s financial statements reflect the following prescribed practices as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

a. Iowa Bulletin 07-06 – In 2006 the Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Iowa issued Bulletin 07-06 that allows a prescribed practice for Iowa domiciled companies. This prescribed practice instructs insurance companies to use other than market value for assets held in separate accounts where general account guarantees are present on such separate accounts. Based on this prescribed practice the Company adopted Bulletin 07-06 in 2006 and presents the assets on its Bank-Owned Life Insurance (“BOLI”), Pension Risk Transfer (“PRT”) and Registered Index-Linked Annuity (“RILA”) Separate Accounts at amortized cost except for derivatives in the RILA separate account that are presented at

236

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

market value. The impact of applying this prescribed practice had no impact on 2023 statutory net income; however, Capital and Surplus as of June 30, 2023 is increased by $315,404 as a result of this prescribed practice. The impact of applying this prescribed practice had no impact on 2022 statutory net income; however, Capital and Surplus as of December 31, 2022 is increased by $358,693 as a result of this prescribed practice.

b. Iowa Administrative Code 191 – Chapter 97, “Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments Used to Hedge the Growth in Interest Credited for Indexed Insurance Products and Accounting for the Indexed Insurance Products Reserve” (“IAC 191-97”). This prescribed practice allows insurance companies domiciled in Iowa to account for eligible derivative assets at amortized cost, if the insurance company can demonstrate it meets the criteria for an economic hedge. Eligible derivative assets include call or put options that are purchased to hedge the growth in interest credited to an indexed product as a direct result of changes in the related external index or indices, or call or put options that are written to offset all or a portion of a purchased call or put option. Other derivative instruments such as index futures, swaps and swaptions that may be used to hedge the growth in interest credited to the policy as a direct result of changes in the related indices would still be accounted for at fair value since an amortized cost for those instruments does not exist. IAC 191-97 also prescribes that insurance companies determine indexed annuity reserve calculations based on the Guideline 35 Reserve assuming the fair value of the call option(s) associated with the current index term is zero, regardless of the observable market for such option(s). At the conclusion of the index term, credited interest is reflected in the reserve as realized, based on actual index performance. This prescribed accounting practice must be applied to both the indexed reserves and the call/put options used to hedge indexed insurance products. The impact of applying this prescribed practice decreased the Company’s statutory net income for the six months ended June 30, 2023 by $258,216 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at June 30, 2023 was a decrease of $186,601. The impact of applying this prescribed practice increased the Company’s statutory net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 by $306,761 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2022 was an increase of $71,615. The impact of applying this prescribed practice increased the Company’s statutory net income for the six months ended June 30, 2022 by $400,366 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at June 30, 2022 was an increase of $165,220.

Under either the NAIC basis or the IAC 191-97, the Company elects to establish a voluntary reserve to offset the timing mismatch between the derivative instruments and the hedged liabilities, if that mismatch results in an increase in surplus. Under the IAC 191-97, a timing mismatch occurs related to the emergence of earnings. The impact of equity markets is reflected in investment income from futures during the policyholder’s contract years, but is not reflected in the reserve until the policy anniversary, at which time the index credit is applied to the account value. The voluntary reserve established as of June 30, 2023 is $27,601 which offsets the portion of investment income on futures that has been determined to represent earnings that will be used to fund index credits that have not yet been applied to policy account balances. This eliminates the timing mismatch of the assets and liabilities calculated in accordance with IAC 191-97. Under the NAIC basis, a voluntary reserve of $214,202 would have been established as of June 30, 2023 to eliminate the timing mismatch of the assets and liabilities. The impact of applying this prescribed practice, net of the effect of the difference between the above mentioned voluntary reserve and the voluntary reserve that would have been established without the prescribed practice resulted in a decrease to the Company’s statutory net income of $71,615 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and there was no impact on the Company’s Capital and Surplus at June 30, 2023. The voluntary reserve established as of December 31, 2022 was $0 as the timing mismatch between the futures and the hedged liabilities resulted in a $1,370 decrease

237

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

to the Company’s statutory net income and surplus calculated in accordance with IAC 191-97. Under the NAIC basis, a voluntary reserve of $0 would have been established as of December 31, 2022 as the timing mismatch between futures and hedged liabilities would have resulted in a $72,985 decrease to the Company’s statutory net income and surplus. The impact of applying this prescribed practice, net of the effect of the difference between the above mentioned voluntary reserve and the voluntary reserve that would have been established without the prescribed practice resulted in an increase to the Company’s statutory net income of $71,615 for the year ended December 31, 2022 and increased the Company’s Capital and Surplus by $71,615 at December 31, 2022.

c. Iowa Administrative Code 191 – Chapter 43, “Annuity Mortality Tables For Use in Determining Reserve Liabilities For Annuities” (“IAC 191-43”) allows a prescribed practice for Iowa domiciled companies. This prescribed practice allows insurance companies domiciled in Iowa to use the Annuity 2000 Mortality Table for determining the minimum standard of valuation for annuities issued during 2015. SSAP 51 requires the 2012 Individual Annuity Reserving (“IAR”) Mortality Table for determining the minimum standard of valuation for annuities issued on or after January 1, 2015. The impact of applying this prescribed practice increased the Company’s statutory net income for the six months ended June 30, 2023 by $299 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at June 30, 2023 was an increase of $20,475. The impact of applying this prescribed practice increased the Company’s statutory net income for the year ended December 31, 2022 by $1,247 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at December 31, 2022 was an increase of $20,176. The impact of applying this prescribed practice increased the Company’s statutory net income for the six months ended June 30, 2022 by $643 and the cumulative effect on Capital and Surplus at June 30, 2022 was an increase of $19,572.

The following table compares the Company’s statutory income and capital and surplus according to the NAIC practices to those prescribed by the State of Iowa:

	Six months ended June 30,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Net Income:
(1) Midland National state basis	$	94,260		$	275,764
(2) State prescribed practice that increase (decrease) NAIC SAP:
(a) Economic hedge of call option derivative assets (IAC 191-97)		(258,216	)		400,366
(b) Deferral of 2012 annuity mortality table (IAC 191-43)		299			643
(3) NAIC SAP (1-2=3)	$	352,177		$	(125,245	)

238

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

	As of June 30, 2023			As of December 31, 2022
	(Unaudited)
Surplus:
(4) Midland National state basis	$	5,093,179		$	5,063,517
(5) State prescribed practices that increase(decrease) NAIC SAP:
(a) Book value of separate account assets (Bulletin 07-06)		315,404			358,693
(b) Economic hedge of call option derivative assets (IAC 191-97)		(186,601	)		71,615
(c) Deferral of 2012 annuity mortality table (IAC 191-43)		20,475			20,176
(6) NAIC SAP (4-5=6)	$	4,943,901		$	4,613,033

The Company has coinsurance agreements with MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re, which are affiliated limited purpose subsidiary life insurance companies. The Company recognizes reserve credits under these agreements. The reserve credits at MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re, are supported by contingent note guarantees (“LLC Notes”). The LLC Notes held by MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re, function in a manner similar to a standby letter of credit and which the Company is a beneficiary, are admitted assets under Iowa prescribed practice and the surplus generated by the prescribed practice has been retained in the carrying value of MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re. Under NAIC Accounting principles, the LLC Notes would be non-admitted assets.

The impact of the Company’s limited purpose subsidiary life insurance companies applying this prescribed practice has no impact to the Company’s statutory net income but the cumulative effect on the Company’s Capital and Surplus was an increase of $2,223,515 and $2,191,125 as of June 30, 2023, December 31, 2022, respectively.

If the Company’s subsidiaries had not utilized this prescribed practice, the result would not have triggered a regulatory event at the Company.

The Company’s investment in MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re at June 30, 2023 was $82,613, $78,413 and $97,462, respectively. If the Company’s subsidiaries had not used this prescribed practice, the Company’s investment in MNL Re, Solberg Re and Canal Re at June 30, 2023, respectively, would have been negative $1,135,878, negative $473,154 and negative $355,996.

The Company reports investment income ceded on funds withheld coinsurance as part of revenue in the Statements of Operations. Under SAP, investment income ceded on funds withheld coinsurance should be reported as an expense. The difference in presentation does not impact the Company’s statutory net income nor the Company’s Capital and Surplus. The Iowa Insurance Division does not object to the Company’s presentation of investment income ceded on funds withheld coinsurance.

For loan-backed securities, the Company recognized income using a constant effective yield based on anticipated prepayments and estimated economic life of the securities. When actual prepayments differ from anticipated prepayments, the effective yield is recalculated prospectively to reflect actual payments to date and anticipated future payments.

239

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

2. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The carrying value and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments are as follows:

	June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
Type of Financial Instrument	Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Not Practicable (Carrying Value)
Financial assets:
Bonds	$	48,040,543	$	54,997,759	$	—	$	43,271,644	$	4,768,899	$	—
Preferred stocks		1,270,185		1,314,015		—		1,263,567		6,618		—
Common stocks		284,424		228,368		90,987		189,626		3,811		—
Mortgage loans		3,447,823		3,637,936		—		3,447,823		—		—
Policy loans		488,156		488,156		—		488,156		—		—
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		2,683,877		2,683,594		955,692		1,728,185		—		—
Derivative instruments		1,505,493		635,774		16,289		1,489,204		—		—
Other invested assets		1,569,195		1,592,471		—		888,932		680,263		14,396
Separate accounts		6,062,218		6,461,494		2,939,771		3,122,447		—		—
Financial liabilities:
Liabilities for deposit-type contracts	$	479,682	$	472,767	$	—	$	—	$	479,682	$	—
Repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivative instruments		7,912,520		8,083,856		245,142		7,667,378		—		—
Derivative instruments		773,163		269,355		—		773,163		—		—

	December 31, 2022
Type of Financial Instrument	Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)		Not Practicable (Carrying Value)
Financial assets:
Bonds	$	48,930,547	$	56,710,124	$	—	$	44,114,787	$	4,815,760	$	—
Preferred stocks		1,601,753		1,653,807		—		1,594,819		6,934		—
Common stocks		309,008		309,008		172,306		132,912		3,790		—
Mortgage loans		3,666,321		3,835,425		—		3,666,321		—		—
Policy loans		459,745		459,745		—		459,745		—		—
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		720,895		722,450		477,259		243,636		—		—
Derivative instruments		555,182		621,508		4,342		550,840		—		—
Other invested assets		1,478,247		1,585,747		—		774,261		703,986		17,133
Separate accounts		5,715,998		6,170,040		2,755,051		2,822,444		138,503		—
Financial liabilities:
Liabilities for deposit-type contracts	$	486,123	$	479,550	$	—	$	—	$	486,123	$	—
Repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivative instruments		7,838,841		8,029,978		151,286		7,687,555		—		—
Derivative instruments		243,868		286,138		—		243,868		—		—

240

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

Included in various investment related line items in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus are certain financial instruments carried at fair value. Other financial instruments are periodically measured at fair value, such as when impaired, or for certain bonds and preferred stocks when carried at the lower of cost or fair value.

The Company has certain financial instruments for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value. These instruments are Build America Bond tax credits that have been stripped from the principal portion of the bond. The tax credits are nontransferable. Therefore, there is no active market for the tax credits and the fair value is not readily estimable.

Fair value measurements

Fair value is based on an exit price, which is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value guidance also establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of instrument and the characteristics specific to the instrument. Financial instruments with readily available active quoted prices or for which fair value can be measured from actively quoted prices generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

The Company determines the fair value of its investments, in the absence of observable market prices, using the valuation methodologies described below applied on a consistent basis. For some investments, market activity may be minimal or nonexistent and management’s determination of fair value is then based on the best information available in the circumstances and may incorporate management’s own assumptions, which involves a significant degree of judgment.

Investments for which market prices are not observable are generally private investments, securities valued using non-binding broker quotes, or securities with very little trading activity. Fair values of private investments are determined by reference to public market or private transactions or valuations for comparable companies or assets in the relevant asset class when such amounts are available. If these are not available, a discounted cash flow analysis using interest spreads adjusted for the maturity/average life differences may be used. Spread adjustments are intended to reflect an illiquidity premium and take into account a variety of factors including but not limited to senior unsecured versus secured, par amount outstanding, number of holders, maturity, average life, composition of lending group, debt rating, credit default spreads, default rates and credit spreads applicable to the security sector. These valuation methodologies involve a significant degree of judgment.

Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:

Level 1 – Quoted prices are available in active markets that the Company has the ability to access for identical financial instruments as of the reporting date. The types of financial instruments included in Level 1 are listed equities, mutual funds, money market funds, non-interest bearing cash, exchange traded futures and separate account assets. As required by the fair value measurements guidance, the Company does not adjust the quoted price for these financial instruments, even in situations where it holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.

Level 2 – Fair values are based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active and inactive markets. Inactive markets involve few transactions for similar assets or liabilities and the prices are not current or price quotations vary substantially over time or among market makers, which would include some

241

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

broker quotes. Level 2 inputs also include corroborated market data such as interest rate spreads, yield curves, volatilities, prepayment speeds, credit risks and default rates. Financial instruments that are generally included in this category include corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, CMOs, short-term investments, less liquid and restricted equity securities and over-the-counter derivatives.

Level 3 – Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instrument and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. These inputs may reflect the Company’s estimates of the assumptions that market participants would use in valuing the financial instruments. Financial instruments that are included in this category generally include private corporate securities and collateralized debt obligations.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, a financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the financial instrument. From time to time there may be movements between levels as inputs become more or less observable, which may depend on several factors including the activity of the market for the specific security, the activity of the market for similar securities, the level of risk spreads and the source of the information from which the Company obtains the information.

The Company relies on third party pricing services and independent broker quotes to value bonds and equity securities. The third party pricing services use discounted cash flow models or the market approach to value the securities when the securities are not traded on an exchange. The following characteristics are considered in the valuation process: benchmark yields, reported trades, issuer spreads, bids, offers, benchmark and comparable securities, estimated cash flows and prepayment speeds.

The Company performs both quantitative and qualitative analysis of the prices. The review includes initial and ongoing review of the third party pricing methodologies, back testing of recent trades, and review of pricing trends and statistics.

The following tables summarize the valuation of the Company’s financial instruments carried at fair value as presented in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus, by the fair value hierarchy levels defined in the fair value measurements guidance. Methods and assumptions used to determine the fair values are described in Note 1.

	June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Net Asset Value		Total
Financial assets (carried at fair value):
Bonds - industrial & miscellaneous	$	—	$	4,047	$	2,334	$	—	$	6,381
Preferred stocks		—		1,025,126		—		—		1,025,126
Common stocks - other		90,987		189,626		3,811		—		284,424
Derivative instruments - interest rate floors and swaps		—		5,641		—		—		5,641
Derivative instruments - foreign exchange forwards		—		511		—		—		511
Derivative instruments - futures		16,289		—		—		—		16,289
Separate account assets (a)		2,846,390		—		—		—		2,846,390
Financial liabilities (carried at fair value):
Derivative instruments - interest rate floors and swaps	$	—	$	14,737	$	—	$	—	$	14,737
Derivative instruments - foreign exchange forwards		—		609		—		—		609

242

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

	December 31, 2022
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Net Asset Value		Total
Financial assets (carried at fair value):
Bonds - industrial & miscellaneous	$	—	$	4,516	$	11,304	$	—	$	15,820
Preferred stocks		—		1,364,999		—		—		1,364,999
Common stocks - other		172,306		132,912		3,790		—		309,008
Derivative instruments - interest rate floors and swaps		—		14,950		—		—		14,950
Derivative instruments - foreign exchange forwards		—		1,835		—		—		1,835
Derivative instruments - futures		4,342		—		—		—		4,342
Separate account assets (a)		2,684,558		—		—		—		2,684,558
Financial liabilities (carried at fair value):
Derivative instruments - interest rate floors and swaps	$	—	$	12,530	$	—	$	—	$	12,530
Derivative instruments - foreign exchange forwards	$	—	$	1,678	$	—	$	—	$	1,678

^(a)  Fair values and changes in fair values of separate account assets generally accrue directly to policyholders and are not included in the Company’s revenues, benefits, expenses or surplus. The amounts shown in the previous tables include only the assets for the variable life insurance and variable annuity separate accounts; the amounts exclude the assets for the separate accounts guaranteed by the general account.

Included in bonds are those that have been impaired at the reporting date or NAIC 6 and are carried at fair value. SVO valuations are used for some bonds when available. SVO valuations are based upon publicly available prices for identical or similar assets or on valuation models or matrices using observable inputs. Bonds not valued using SVO valuations are those that have been impaired but not designated as in default by the SVO. Fair values for such securities may be determined utilizing unobservable inputs.

The changes in financial instruments measured at fair value, excluding accrued interest income, for which Level 3 inputs were used to determine fair value are as follows:

	June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
	Beginning Balance		Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3			Total gains and (losses) included in Net Income		Total gains and (losses) in Surplus			Purchases		Sales			Ending Balance
Financial assets (carried at fair value):
Bonds - industrial & miscellaneous	$	11,304	$	—	$	(851	)	$	584	$	(235	)	$	—	$	(8,468	)	$	2,334
Common stocks - other		3,790		—		—			—		22			—		(1	)		3,811
Total assets	$	15,094	$	—	$	(851	)	$	584	$	(213	)	$	—	$	(8,469	)	$	6,145

243

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

	December 31, 2022
	Beginning Balance		Transfers into Level 3		Transfers out of Level 3		Total gains and (losses) included in Net Income		Total gains and (losses) in Surplus			Purchases		Sales			Ending Balance
Financial assets (carried at fair value):
Bonds - industrial & miscellaneous	$	—	$	11,304	$	—	$	—	$	—		$	—	$	—		$	11,304
Common stocks - other		6,114		—		—		—		(948	)		73		(1,449	)		3,790
Total assets	$	6,114	$	11,304	$	—	$	—	$	(948	)	$	73	$	(1,449	)	$	15,094

3. INVESTMENTS AND INVESTMENT INCOME

Bond and stock investments

The admitted value, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value of investments in bonds and preferred stocks are as follows:

	June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
	Admitted Value		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Bonds
U.S. governments	$	3,371,772	$	5,897	$	645,142	$	2,732,527
All other governments		1,345,715		2,183		344,791		1,003,107
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		12,027,617		102,733		1,559,622		10,570,728
Industrial and miscellaneous		36,771,963		107,318		4,602,803		32,276,478
Bank loans		1,145,491		11,628		35,599		1,121,520
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		335,201		2,768		1,786		336,183
Total bonds	$	54,997,759	$	232,527	$	7,189,743	$	48,040,543
Preferred stocks	$	1,314,015	$	872	$	44,702	$	1,270,185

	December 31, 2022
	Admitted Value		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Estimated Fair Value
Bonds
U.S. governments	$	3,372,011	$	4,027	$	730,439	$	2,645,599
All other governments		1,303,556		1,720		343,952		961,324
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		12,642,252		120,823		1,658,597		11,104,478
Industrial and miscellaneous		37,734,661		104,779		5,214,106		32,625,334
Bank loans		1,292,873		8,857		52,730		1,249,000
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		364,771		2,469		22,428		344,812
Total bonds	$	56,710,124	$	242,675	$	8,022,252	$	48,930,547
Preferred stocks	$	1,653,807	$	912	$	52,966	$	1,601,753

244

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

The cost and admitted value of common stocks - subsidiaries and common stocks - other are as follows:

	June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Admitted Value
Subsidiaries	$	157,422	$	157,123	$	—	$	314,545
Other		237,531		42		9,205		228,368
Total	$	394,953	$	157,165	$	9,205	$	542,913

	December 31, 2022
	Cost		Gross Unrealized Gains		Gross Unrealized Losses		Admitted Value
Subsidiaries	$	101,422	$	163,487	$	—	$	264,909
Other		340,438		18		31,448		309,008
Total	$	441,860	$	163,505	$	31,448	$	573,917

The admitted value and estimated fair value of investments in bonds, by contractual maturity, are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties:

	June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
	Admitted Value		Estimated Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	754,324	$	754,761
Due after one year through five years		4,852,715		4,719,906
Due after five years through ten years		6,965,865		6,277,135
Due after ten years		28,560,468		23,774,541
Securities not due at a single maturity date (primarily mortgage-backed securities)		13,864,387		12,514,200
Total bonds	$	54,997,759	$	48,040,543

245

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

Gross unrealized losses

The Company’s gross unrealized losses and estimated fair value on its bonds and preferred stocks, aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, are as follows:

	June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Bonds
U.S. governments	$	408,348	$	13,389	$	2,197,610	$	631,753	$	2,605,958	$	645,142
All other governments		22,531		2,593		967,958		342,198		990,489		344,791
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		2,255,349		106,693		6,262,506		1,452,929		8,517,855		1,559,622
Industrial and miscellaneous		7,367,378		398,476		21,365,362		4,204,327		28,732,740		4,602,803
Bank loans		155,961		3,838		515,858		31,761		671,819		35,599
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		14,094		1,045		49,507		741		63,601		1,786
Total bonds		10,223,661		526,034		31,358,801		6,663,709		41,582,462		7,189,743
Preferred stocks		58,023		466		139,314		44,236		197,337		44,702
Total bonds and preferred stocks	$	10,281,684	$	526,500	$	31,498,115	$	6,707,945	$	41,779,799	$	7,234,445

	December 31, 2022
	Less than 12 Months				12 Months or More				Total
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Bonds
U.S. government	$	1,632,556	$	337,322	$	800,744	$	393,117	$	2,433,300	$	730,439
All other governments		591,550		179,751		346,675		164,201		938,225		343,952
U.S. special revenue & special assessment obligations, non-guaranteed		7,986,743		1,242,951		877,623		415,646		8,864,366		1,658,597
Industrial and miscellaneous		23,298,708		3,559,964		6,319,592		1,654,142		29,618,300		5,214,106
Bank loans		784,235		40,296		158,788		12,434		943,023		52,730
Parent, subsidiaries and affiliates		85,870		20,867		48,004		1,561		133,874		22,428
Total bonds		34,379,662		5,381,151		8,551,426		2,641,101		42,931,088		8,022,252
Preferred stocks		184,634		52,966		—		—		184,634		52,966
Total bonds and preferred stocks	$	34,564,296	$	5,434,117	$	8,551,426	$	2,641,101	$	43,115,722	$	8,075,218

246

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

Other-than-temporary impairments

As a result of the Company’s review of OTTI of investment securities, OTTI recognized on loan-backed and structured securities is summarized in the following table:

CUSIP	Book/Adjusted Carrying Value Amortized Cost Before Current Period OTTI		Recognized Other- Than-Temporary Impairment		Amortized Cost After Other-Than- Temporary Impairment		Fair Value at time of OTTI		Date of Financial Statement Where Reported
78520EAA4	$	47,721	$	208	$	47,513	$	45,696		3/31/2023
693342AH0		19,351		9		19,342		19,326		3/31/2023
682337AA8		32,500		128		32,372		31,313		3/31/2023
46619XAA1		8,144		179		7,965		7,331		3/31/2023
46619RAA4		14,191		465		13,726		12,841		3/31/2023
46617TAA2		10,827		76		10,751		9,929		3/31/2023
46590UAA0		39,433		386		39,047		35,725		3/31/2023
456606AF9		255		81		174		177		3/31/2023
02149HBR0		680		220		460		440		6/30/2023
05532CAK5		747		234		513		468		6/30/2023
05532EAR6		7,262		2,229		5,033		4,952		6/30/2023
12668A2P9		2,461		479		1,982		1,869		6/30/2023
45660LA25		1,633		48		1,585		1,210		6/30/2023
46616PAA1		17,562		509		17,053		16,168		6/30/2023
46616QAA9		6,954		230		6,724		6,328		6/30/2023
46616VAA8		11,309		869		10,440		9,891		6/30/2023
61748JAE7		2,398		457		1,941		1,112		6/30/2023
74958WAB2		1,626		84		1,542		1,214		6/30/2023
76113NAC7		1,791		126		1,665		1,470		6/30/2023
80306AAA8		19,116		683		18,433		15,630		6/30/2023
12479RAF4		8,331		95		8,236		7,910		6/30/2023
693342AJ6		18,343		65		18,278		11,969		6/30/2023
88240TAB7		22,907		55		22,852		19,367		6/30/2023
			$	7,915

All of the impairments in the table above were recognized due to the inability or lack of intent to retain the investment in the security for a period of time sufficient to recover the amortized cost basis of the security.

247

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

Net investment income and net realized capital gains (losses)

The major categories of net investment income reflected in the statements of operations are summarized as follows:

	Six months ended June 30,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Bonds	$	1,295,647		$	1,136,639
Preferred stocks		44,882			41,772
Common stocks - other		5,851			6,871
Mortgage loans		87,386			87,581
Real estate		3,263			5,037
Policy loans		11,602			11,359
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments		28,108			286
Derivative instruments		(195,054	)		(134,850	)
Other invested assets		74,868			119,573
Other investment income		1,558			2,766
Total gross investment income		1,358,111			1,277,034
Less: Investment expenses		234,855			108,183
Net investment income	$	1,123,256		$	1,168,851

Investment expenses consist primarily of investment advisory fees, interest expense on repurchase agreements, interest expense on FHLB advances, interest on surplus notes, interest related to derivative collateral liabilities and other expenses related to the administration of investments.

The Company recognized $61 and $19,170 of net investment income for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively related to prepayment penalties or acceleration fees on bonds in the general account that were called. The total number of called bonds in the general account were 1 and 20 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

The Company recognized $0 and $638 of net investment income for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively related to prepayment penalties or acceleration fees on bonds in the separate account that were called. The total number of called bonds in the separate account were 0 and 3 for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

248

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

The major categories of net realized capital gains (losses) reflected in the statements of operations are summarized as follows:

	Six months ended June 30,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Bonds	$	(77,095	)	$	(178,348	)
Preferred stocks		(193,320	)		(24	)
Common stocks - other		(24,399	)		1,703
Mortgage loans		(1,100	)		(70	)
Short-term investments		—			(23	)
Derivative instruments		(19,627	)		(7,659	)
Other invested assets		(235	)		436
Realized capital losses		(315,776	)		(183,985	)
Income tax effects		53,457			32,728
Amounts transferred to IMR (net of federal income taxes of $(20,644) and $(33,816) for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively)		77,660			127,213
Net realized capital losses	$	(184,659	)	$	(24,044	)

Proceeds from the sale of investments in bonds and the gross gains and losses realized on these sales (excluding OTTI losses, maturities, calls, exchanges and prepayments) were as follows:

	Six months ended June 30,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Proceeds from sales	$	2,487,863		$	4,657,348
Gross realized gains		49,912			36,383
Gross realized losses		(79,557	)		(177,281	)

The gross realized gains (losses) on the bonds represent the difference between the proceeds from the sale of the bonds and the basis of the bonds, which is primarily amortized cost.

Restricted assets

The following assets are subject to applicable restrictions under each of the following areas:

	June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
Restricted Asset Category	Total Admitted Restricted		Gross Restricted to Total Assets			Admitted Restricted to Total Admitted Assets
Subject to repurchase agreements	$	6,097,523		8	%		8	%
FHLB capital stock		132,912		0	%		0	%
On deposit with states		3,295		0	%		0	%
Pledged as collateral to FHLB		3,072,795		4	%		4	%
Pledged as collateral not captured in other categories		48,711		0	%		0	%
Total restricted assets	$	9,355,236		12	%		12	%

249

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

	December 31, 2022
Restricted Asset Category	Total Admitted Restricted		Gross Restricted to Total Assets			Admitted Restricted to Total Admitted Assets
Subject to repurchase agreements	$	5,580,088		7	%		7	%
FHLB capital stock		132,912		0	%		0	%
On deposit with states		3,295		0	%		0	%
Pledged as collateral to FHLB		3,072,795		4	%		4	%
Pledged as collateral not captured in other categories		48,119		0	%		0	%
Total restricted assets	$	8,837,209		11	%		11	%

Other

FHLB

The Company is a member of FHLB of Des Moines. In order to maintain its membership and borrow funds, the Company is required to purchase FHLB equity securities. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company owns common stock totaling $132,912, which is carried at cost. Resale of these securities is restricted only to FHLB. As a member of FHLB, the Company can borrow money provided that FHLB’s collateral and stock ownership requirements are met. The maximum amount a member can borrow is equal to thirty percent of the Company’s asset balance as of the prior quarter end subject to availability of acceptable collateral. The interest rate and repayment terms differ depending on the type of advance and the term selected. At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had outstanding advances of $3,072,795 from FHLB (see Note 5).

Deposits with regulatory authorities

At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, securities (primarily bonds) with admitted carrying values of $3,295, were on deposit with regulatory authorities as required by law.

250

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

4. DERIVATIVES AND DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The following table presents the notional amounts, estimated fair value and carrying value of derivatives:

	June 30, 2023
	(Unaudited)
	Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value
Assets:
Derivative instruments:
Call options	$	23,859,177	$	1,483,052	$	613,333
Futures		284,779		16,289		16,289
Foreign exchange forwards		22,707		511		511
Interest rate swaps		137,000		5,641		5,641
			$	1,505,493	$	635,774
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments:
Interest rate swaps	$	400,000	$	14,737	$	14,737
Foreign exchange forwards		70,412		609		609
Written options		8,625,748		757,817		254,009
			$	773,163	$	269,355

	December 31, 2022
	Notional Amount		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Value
Assets:
Derivative instruments:
Call options	$	23,095,880	$	546,347	$	599,246
Futures		1,537		4,342		4,342
Interest rate floors		113,000		—		—
Foreign exchange forwards		56,136		1,835		1,835
Interest rate swaps		887,000		2,658		16,085
			$	555,182	$	621,508
Liabilities:
Derivative instruments:
Interest rate swaps	$	950,000	$	12,648	$	12,648
Foreign exchange forwards		52,781		1,678		1,678
Written options		7,618,908		229,542		271,812
			$	243,868	$	286,138

251

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

The following table presents the impact of derivatives on net investment income and change in unrealized capital gains (losses):

	Six months ended June 30,
	2023			2022
	(Unaudited)			(Unaudited)
Gain (loss) recognized in net investment income:
Options	$	(201,719	)	$	(61,280	)
Futures		5,582			(74,538	)
Interest rate swaps		1,269			(281	)
Interest rate floors		(186	)		1,249
	$	(195,054	)	$	(134,850	)
Gain (loss) recognized in net unrealized gains (losses):
Interest rate swaps	$	(6,576	)	$	7,502
Interest rate floors		186			(3,191	)
Foreign exchange derivatives		(255	)		2,775
	$	(6,645	)	$	7,086

5. FHLB ADVANCES

The Company is a member of FHLB of Des Moines. In accordance with the FHLB membership agreement, the Company can be required to purchase FHLB common stock in order to borrow funds. These borrowings are reported as FHLB advances in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus. The Company did not purchase or sell any common stock for the six months ended June 30, 2023 or for the year ended December 31, 2022. In addition, the Company has posted mortgage loans and agency MBS/CMO fixed income securities with fair values in excess of the amount of the borrowings as collateral.

The amount of FHLB stock held is as follows:

	June 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Membership stock - class A	$	10,000	$	10,000
Activity stock		122,912		122,912
Total	$	132,912	$	132,912

The Class A Membership Stock is not eligible for redemption.

At June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had outstanding advances of $3,072,795. It is not part of the Company’s strategy to utilize these funds for operations, and any funds obtained from the FHLB of Des Moines for use in general operations would be accounted for consistent with SSAP No. 15 as borrowed money. The purpose of the advances is to complement the Company’s repurchase agreement program. The advances are reported as a component of repurchase agreements, FHLB advances and collateral on derivatives in the statements of admitted assets, liabilities and capital and surplus.

Interest expense incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 was $26,218 and $22,847, respectively. Interest expense is reported as a component of net investment income in the statement of operations. The Company has determined the actual maximum borrowing capacity as $3,717,328. The

252

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

Company calculated this amount in accordance with limitations in the FHLB capital plan (e.g., current FHLB capital stock, limitations in the FHLB capital plan, current and potential acquisitions of FHLB capital stock, etc.).

The amount of collateral pledged to the FHLB is as follows:

Amount pledged as of reporting date	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Aggregate total borrowing
June 30, 2023 (Unaudited)		4,775,270		5,379,334		3,072,795
December 31, 2022		4,797,917		5,339,067		3,072,795

Maximum amount pledged during reporting period	Fair Value		Carrying Value		Amount       borrowed at time of maximum collateral
June 30, 2023 (Unaudited)		5,010,209		5,495,345		3,072,795
December 31, 2022		4,881,464		5,383,561		3,072,795

6. REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS

The following tables summarizes the repurchase agreements accounted for as a secured borrowing for the Company:

Type of Repo Trades Used

	2023
	First     Quarter		Second     Quarter
Bilateral (YES/NO)		YES		YES
Tri-party (YES/NO)		YES		YES

Original (flow) & residual maturity

	2023
	First Quarter		Second Quarter
Maximum amount
Open - no maturity	$	141,398	$	121,398
Overnight		160,000		15,000
2 days to 1 week		220,000		248,577
>1 week to 1 month		220,000		1,054,412
>1 month to 3 months		59,000		579,398
>3 months to 1 year		1,789,367		1,789,367
>1 year		3,091,133		3,564,153
Ending balance
Open - no maturity	$	121,398	$	121,398
Overnight		—		—
2 days to 1 week		—		—
>1 week to 1 month		—		105,000
>1 month to 3 months		—		248,400
>3 months to 1 year		1,789,367		904,969
>1 year		2,855,133		3,386,153

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MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

Securities sold under repo- secured borrowing

	2023
	First Quarter		Second Quarter
Maximum amount
Book adjusted carrying value (“BACV”)		XXX		XXX
Nonadmitted - subset of BACV		XXX		XXX
Fair value	$	4,915,296	$	5,310,025
Ending Balance
BACV		XXX		XXX
Nonadmitted - subset of BACV		XXX		XXX
Fair value	$	4,915,296	$	5,310,025

Securities sold under repo- secured borrowing by NAIC designation

	As of June 30, 2023
	NONE		NAIC 1		NAIC 2		NAIC 3
Bonds – BACV	$	—	$	1,236,697	$	1,190,105	$	—
Bonds – FV		—		983,297		990,259		—
LB & SS – BACV		—		3,670,721		—		—
LB & SS – FV		—		3,336,469		—		—
Total assets – BACV	$	—	$	4,907,418	$	1,190,105	$	—
Total assets – FV	$	—	$	4,319,766	$	990,259	$	—

	As of June 30, 2023
	NAIC 4		NAIC 5		NAIC 6		Non- Admitted
Bonds – BACV	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Bonds – FV		—		—		—		—
LB & SS – BACV		—		—		—		—
LB & SS – FV		—		—		—		—
Total assets – BACV	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Total assets – FV	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Collateral received- secured borrowing

	2023
	First Quarter		Second Quarter
Maximum Amount
Cash	$	5,680,897	$	7,372,303
Securities (FV)		—		—
Ending Balance
Cash	$	4,765,897	$	4,765,920
Securities (FV)		—		—

254

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

Cash and non-cash collateral received- secured borrowing by NAIC designation

	As of June 30, 2023
	NONE		NAIC 1		NAIC 2		NAIC 3
Ending balance
Cash	$	4,765,920	$	—	$	—	$	—
Total collateral assets – FV	$	4,765,920	$	—	$	—	$	—

	As of June 30, 2023
	NAIC 4		NAIC 5		NAIC 6		Does Not Qualify As Admitted
Ending balance
Cash	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Total collateral assets – FV	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Allocation of aggregate collateral by remaining contractual maturity

	As of June 30, 2023
	Fair Value
Overnight and continuous	$	121,398
30 days or less		105,000
31 to 90 days		248,400
> 90 days		4,291,122

Allocation of aggregate collateral reinvested by remaining contractual maturity

	As of June 30, 2023
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value
181 to 365 days	$	10,408	$	10,562
1 to 2 years		12,879		12,466
2 to 3 years		38,339		36,147
> 3 years		5,242,705		4,824,830

Liability to return collateral- secured borrowing

	2023
	First Quarter		Second Quarter
Maximum amount
Cash (collateral - all)	$	5,680,897	$	7,372,303
Securities collateral (FV)		—		—
Ending balance
Cash (collateral - all)	$	4,765,897	$	4,765,920
Securities collateral (FV)		—		—

255

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

In addition to the securities summarized in the maturity distribution above, the Company holds short-term investments representing the balance of the repurchase agreement liabilities. The Master Repurchase Agreements with the various counterparties do not require the Company to invest the proceeds in securities with maturities matching the maturities of the repurchase agreement liabilities. As previously stated, a majority of the Company’s repurchase agreements are for terms of greater than one year. The Company has sufficient cash flows from operations and investment maturities, pay downs and calls to meet the repurchase obligations under the outstanding agreements. In addition, the Company has the ability to sell securities to meet future repayment obligations under the agreements.

7. CAPITAL AND SURPLUS AND DIVIDEND RESTRICTIONS

The Company has 2,549 common stock shares authorized, issued and outstanding. The Company has no preferred stock outstanding. Without prior approval of its domiciliary commissioner, dividends to shareholders is limited by the laws of the Company’s state of incorporation, Iowa, to $544,822 in 2023 an amount that is based on restrictions relating to the 2022 net gain from operations and statutory surplus. Within these limitations, there are no restrictions placed on the portion of Company profits that may be paid as ordinary dividends to its stockholder. The unassigned surplus of $3,059,703 is unrestricted and held for the benefit of the Company’s stockholder.

During six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company paid ordinary cash dividends in the amounts of $100,000 on April 3 to its stockholder, SFG.

8. OTHER RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The Company has entered into significant, recurring transactions with affiliates as part of its ongoing operations. These include agreements to provide investment management, accounting, administrative, employee benefit and management services.

In addition the Company is a party to reinsurance agreements with affiliated companies, has issued surplus notes to its parent and holds certain investments in bonds and limited partnership interests in affiliated companies.

The Company has entered into related party transactions in the six months ended June 30, 2023.

On April 1, 2023, the Company entered into an intercompany revolving loan agreement with SFG. During the second quarter, the Company made three loans to SFG. The loans accrue interest at 5.0% per annum and mature on December 31, 2023. The outstanding balance of the loans at June 30, 2023 is $20,000. The Company earned interest income of $124 for the six and three months ended June 30, 2023.

On April 26, 2023, the Company established New Roots M Trust for the purpose of purchasing and managing residential mortgage loans. The carrying amount of the common stock in this affiliated investment company was $56,000 as of June 30, 2023.

9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company’s outstanding capital commitments to limited partnership decreased $18,810.

256

MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(a wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Financial Group, Inc.)

NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – STATUTORY BASIS

(Dollars in Thousands)

10. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company evaluated subsequent events through November 13, 2023, the date the financial statements were filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission. There were no subsequent event transactions that required disclosure in the financial statements.

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OTHER INFORMATION

THE REGISTERED SEPARATE ACCOUNT

Registered Separate Account. The Midland National Life Separate Account C invests your premiums that are allocated to, and Contract Value that is transferred to, the Subaccounts. The Registered Separate Account was established under the insurance laws of the State of South Dakota in March 1991 and is now governed by Iowa law. It is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

We are the legal owner of all assets held in the Registered Separate Account and use the assets to support your Contract and other variable annuity Contracts. We may permit charges owed to us to stay in the Registered Separate Account. Thus, we may also participate proportionately in the Registered Separate Account. These accumulated amounts belong to us and we may transfer them from the Registered Separate Account to our General Account. The assets in the Registered Separate Account equal to the reserves and other liabilities of the Registered Separate Account may not be charged with liabilities arising out of our other business. The obligations under the Contracts are our obligations. The income, gains and losses (realized and unrealized) of the Registered Separate Account are credited to or charged against the Registered Separate Account without regard to our other income, gains, or losses. Under certain unlikely circumstances, one Subaccount of the Registered Separate Account may be liable for claims relating to the operations of another Subaccount.

Our Right to Change How We Operate the Registered Separate Account.

We have the right to modify how we operate the Registered Separate Account. In making any changes, we may not seek approval of Owners (unless approval is required by law). We have the right to:

• add Investment Options to, or remove Investment Options from our Registered Separate Account;

• combine two or more Subaccounts;

• withdraw assets relating to our variable annuities from one Subaccount and put them into another. However, if required, we would first seek approval from the Securities and Exchange Commission;

• eliminate an Investment Portfolio’s shares and substitute shares of another Investment Portfolio or another open-end, registered investment company. This may happen if the Investment Portfolio’s shares are no longer available for investment or, if in our judgment, further investment in the Investment Portfolio is inappropriate in view of the Registered Separate Account’s purposes. However, if required, we would first seek approval from the Securities and Exchange Commission and the insurance regulator where the Contract is delivered;

• end the registration of our Registered Separate Account under the Investment Company Act of 1940;

• operate our Registered Separate Account under the direction of a committee or discharge such a committee at any time (the committee may be composed entirely of “interested persons” of Midland under the Investment Company Act of 1940); and

• operate our Registered Separate Account or one or more of the Subaccounts in any other form the law allows, including a form that allows us to make direct investments. In addition, we may disapprove any change in investment advisors or investment policies unless a law or regulation provides differently.

If any changes are made that result in a material change to any Subaccount, then you will be notified. We may, for example, cause the Subaccount to invest in another mutual fund other than or in addition to the current Investment Portfolios.

If you are enrolled in a dollar cost averaging, automatic rebalancing or a comparable program when an underlying Investment Portfolio merger, substitution or liquidation takes place, unless otherwise noted in a communication from us, your Accumulation Value invested in such Subaccounts will be transferred automatically to the designated surviving Subaccount, in the case of mergers; the replacement Subaccount, in the

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case of substitutions; and in the Default Account in the case of liquidations. Your DCA or automatic rebalancing enrollment instructions will be automatically updated to reflect the surviving Subaccount, the replacement Subaccount or the Default Account, as the case may be, for any continued and future transfers or premium payments.

If you want to transfer the amount in a Subaccount that is changed as a result of a fund merger, substitution or liquidation, you may do so, without charge, by writing to our Customer Service Center.

THE NON-REGISTERED SEPARATE ACCOUNT

To support our obligations under the Cycle Investments we have established under the Iowa Insurance Law, and hold assets in, the “non-unitized” separate account. The income, gains and losses, realized or unrealized, from assets allocated to this separate account will be credited to or charged against the account, without regard to other income, gains or losses of the Company.

We are the sole owner of the assets of the Non-Registered Separate Account. We may invest and trade the assets of the Non-Registered Separate Account in any manner we choose. The only restrictions on our investments of the assets held in the Non-Registered Separate Account are those set forth by Iowa Insurance Laws. While we plan to invest the assets of the separate Account in a manner that generates a return that approximates the change in the applicable Index, subject to the Cap Rate and Participation Rate, the Floor Rate and Buffer Rate, all benefits payable are determined according to the applicable Cycle Investment Unit Value. The amounts payable under this Contract are determined by the Cycle Investment Unit Value, regardless of the performance of the assets held in the Non-Registered Separate Account. The Contract Owner does not participate in the performance of the assets held in the separate account.

We may, subject to applicable state law, transfer all assets allocated to the Non-Registered Separate Account to our General Account.

The separate account is not required to be registered, and is not registered, as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940.

Our current plan is to invest Non-Registered Separate Account assets in fixed-income obligations, including but not limited to corporate bonds, mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, government and agency issues and derivative contracts including but not limited to option contracts. We may also invest in interest rate swaps. Although the above generally describes our plan for investing the assets supporting our obligations under the Cycle Investments, we are not obligated to invest those assets according to any particular plan except as we may be required to by state insurance laws.

No Contract Owner participates in the investment results of any assets we hold in relation to the Cycle Investments.

While we hold assets in the Non-Registered Separate Account we have established under the Iowa Insurance Law to support our obligations under Cycle Investments, the Cycle Investments are General Account obligations.

MODIFICATION TO THE CONTRACT

Upon notice to you, we may modify the Contract to:

(a) permit the Contract or the Separate Accounts to comply with any applicable law or regulation issued by a government agency;

(b) assure continued qualification of the Contract under the Internal Revenue Code or other federal or state laws relating to retirement annuities or variable annuity Contracts;

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(c) reflect a change in the operation of the Separate Accounts; or

(d) provide additional Investment Options.

In the event of such modifications, we will make an appropriate endorsement to the Contract.

ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURES

If you have any questions about your Contract or need to make changes, then contact the registered representative who sold you the Contract, or contact us at our Customer Service Center:

P.O. Box 9261

Des Moines, IA 50306-9261 (Regular Mail)

8300 Mills Civic Parkway

West Des Moines, IA 50266-3833 (Overnight Delivery)

Phone : (866) 747-3421 (toll-free)

Fax : (866) 511-7038 (toll-free)

You currently may send correspondence and transaction requests to us at the above Customer Service Center address or by facsimile or telephone at the numbers listed above. Our service representatives are available between the hours of 7:30 a.m. and 5:00 p.m. Monday through Friday (Central Time), excluding holidays and any day the New York Stock Exchange is not open. Any requests for partial withdrawals, transfers, and surrenders sent to another number or address may not be considered received at our Customer Service Center and will not receive that day’s price. The procedures we follow for facsimile requests include a written confirmation sent directly to you following any transaction request. We will employ reasonable procedures to confirm that instructions communicated by telephone or facsimile are genuine. We may revoke facsimile, internet and telephone transaction privileges at any time for some or all Owners.

The procedures we follow for transactions initiated by telephone may include requirements that callers identify themselves and the Owner by name, social security number, date of birth of the Annuitant or an Owner, or other identifying information. We disclaim any liability for losses resulting from unauthorized or allegedly unauthorized facsimile, internet or telephone requests that we believe to be genuine. We may record all telephone requests. There are risks associated with requests made by facsimile (possible falsification of faxed documents by others), internet or telephone (possible falsification of Owner identity) when the original signed request is not sent to our Customer Service Center. You bear those risks.

Facsimile, internet, and telephone correspondence and transaction requests may not always be available. Facsimile, internet, and telephone systems can experience outages or slowdowns for a variety of reasons. These outages or slowdowns may prevent or delay our receipt of your request. If you are experiencing problems, you should mail your correspondence and transaction request to our Customer Service Center.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Change of Address Notification. To protect you from fraud and theft, we may verify any changes in address you request by sending a confirmation of the change to both your old and new addresses. We may also call you to verify the change of address.

Midland National Life Insurance Company and its subsidiaries, like other life insurance companies, may be involved in lawsuits, including class action lawsuits. In some class action and other lawsuits involving insurers, substantial damages have been sought and/ or material settlement payments have been made. Although the outcome of any litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, Midland National believes that, as of the date of this prospectus, there are no pending or threatened lawsuits that will have a materially adverse impact on the Registered Separate Account, on the ability of Sammons Financial Network, LLC (“Sammons Financial Network”) to perform under its distribution agreement, or on the ability of the Company to meet its obligations under the contract.

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DISTRIBUTION OF THE CONTRACT

We have entered into a distribution agreement with our affiliate, Sammons Financial Network for the distribution and sale of the Contracts. Sammons Financial Network is a Delaware limited liability company and its principal office is located at 8300 Mills Civic Parkway, West Des Moines, IA 50266. Sammons Financial Network is an indirect wholly owned subsidiary of Sammons Enterprises, Inc., of Dallas, Texas, the ultimate parent company of Midland National Life Insurance Company. Sammons Financial Network may enter into written sales agreements with other broker-dealers (“selling firms”) for the sale of the Contracts. We pay commissions to Sammons Financial Network for sales of the Contracts.

Sales commissions are based on each premium payment. The maximum commission payable on a premium payment is 6.50%. Where lower commissions are paid on premium payments, we may also pay trail commissions up to 1.00% beginning in the second Contract Year.

We also pay for Sammons Financial Network’s operating and other expenses, including the following sales expenses: sales representative training allowances; compensation and bonuses for the Sammons Financial Network’s management team; advertising expenses; and all other expenses of distributing the Contracts.

Sammons Financial Network pays selling firms all or a portion of the commissions received for their sales of the Contract. Registered representatives and their managers are also eligible for various cash benefits, such as bonuses, insurance benefits and financing arrangements, and non-cash compensation items that we may provide jointly with Sammons Financial Network. Sales of the Contract may help these registered representatives and their supervisors qualify for such benefits. This compensation may influence your registered representative to recommend this Contract over another investment.

Non-cash items that we and Sammons Financial Network may provide include conferences, seminars and trips (including travel, lodging and meals in connection therewith), entertainment, merchandise and other similar items.

A portion of the payments made to selling firms may be passed on to their registered representatives in accordance with their internal compensation programs. Those programs may also include other types of cash and non-cash compensation and other benefits. Ask your registered representative for further information about what your registered representative and the selling firm for which he or she works may receive in connection with your purchase of a Contract.

In addition to ordinary commissions, Sammons Financial Network operating and other expenses and non-cash items, we provide payments to certain third parties for training, product development, marketing and development efforts with selling firms, and other wholesaling and relationship management services. It is possible that these third parties, or their personnel, may also act as your registered investment advisor providing advice with respect to portfolio allocations in the Contract. Please be certain to review your registered investment advisor’s Form ADV Part 2A and 2B carefully for disclosure about their compensation and conflicts of interest in connection with the Contracts. Also note that your investment advisor could also be the broker-dealer, or a registered representative of the broker-dealer, who sold you the Contract; in that case, they would also receive commissions and other compensation for selling you the Contract, in addition to any investment advisory fees that you pay to your registered investment advisor (either directly or through partial withdrawals of your Accumulation Value in the Contract).

We intend to recoup commissions and other sales expenses indirectly through the following fees and charges deducted under the Contract: (a) the mortality and expense risks charge; (b) asset based administration charges, and (c) payments, if any, received from the investment portfolios, their distributors, service providers and/or managers. Commissions and other incentives or payments described above are not charged directly to you but they are reflected in the fees and charges that you do pay directly or indirectly.

261

PORTFOLIO VOTING RIGHTS

We invest the assets of our Registered Separate Account in shares of the Investment Portfolios. Midland National is the legal Owner of the shares and has the right to vote on certain matters. Among other things, we may vote:

• to elect the Funds’ or Trust’s Board of Directors/Trustees,

• to ratify the selection of independent auditors for the Investment Portfolios,

• on any other matters described in the Investment Portfolios’ current prospectuses or requiring a vote by shareholders under the Investment Company Act of 1940, and

• in some cases, to change the investment objectives and Contracts.

Even though we own the shares, we may give you the opportunity to tell us how to vote the number of shares that are allocated to your Contract. If the federal securities laws or regulations or interpretations of them change so that we are permitted to vote shares of the Investment Portfolio in our own right or to restrict Owner voting, then we may do so.

Fund companies determine if and how often shareholder meetings are held. As we receive notice of these meetings, we will ask for your voting instructions. The Investment Portfolios are not required to and generally do not hold a meeting in any given year.

If we do not receive instructions in time from all Owners, then we currently intend to vote those shares in the same proportion as we vote shares for which we have received instructions in that Investment Portfolio. We currently intend to vote any Investment Portfolio shares that we and our affiliates alone are entitled to vote in the same proportions that Owners vote. The effect of this proportional voting is that a small number of Owners may control the outcome of a vote.

How We Determine Your Voting Shares

You may participate in voting only on matters concerning the Investment Portfolios in which your Accumulation Value has been invested. We determine your voting shares in each Investment Option by dividing the amount of your Accumulation Value allocated to that Subaccount by the net asset value of one share of the corresponding Investment Portfolio. This is determined as of the record date set by the Fund’s/Trust’s Board of Directors/Trustees for the shareholders meeting.

If you have a voting interest, then we will provide you proxy material and a form for giving us voting instructions. In certain cases, we may disregard instructions relating to changes in the Investment Portfolio’s adviser or the investment adviser Contracts of the portfolios.

Voting Privileges of Participants in Other Companies

Other insurance companies own shares in the Investment Portfolios to support their variable life insurance and variable annuity products. We do not foresee any disadvantage to this. Nevertheless, each Fund’s/Trust’s Board of Directors/Trustees will monitor events to identify conflicts that may arise and determine appropriate action. If we disagree with any Investment Portfolio action, then we will see that appropriate action is taken to protect our Owners. If we ever believe that any of the Investment Portfolios are so large as to materially impair its investment performance, then we will consider exercising our right to remove or close the investing Subaccount.

Suitability of the Contract

Because of the fees and expenses and possible loss of principal and earnings from prior periods, the Contracts are not appropriate for short-term investment. In addition, Non-Qualified Contracts may be most appropriate for those who have already made maximum use of other tax favored investment plans such as 401(k) plans. The tax-deferred feature of the Contract is most favorable to those in high tax brackets. The tax-deferred feature is not

262

necessary for a tax-qualified plan. In such instances, purchasers should consider whether other features, such as the lifetime annuity payments make the Contract appropriate for their purposes. Before purchasing a Contract, you should obtain competent tax advice and financial advice both as to the tax treatment of the Contract and the suitability of the investment for your particular situation.

This Contract is not designed for resale or speculation, arbitrage, viatical settlements or any type of collective investment scheme. This Contract may not be traded on any stock exchange or secondary market. By purchasing this Contract, you represent and warrant that you are not purchasing or intending to use this Contract, for resale, speculation, arbitrage, viatical settlements or any type of collective investment scheme.

Other Products

We may offer other variable annuity contracts through our Registered Separate Account that also invest in some of the same portfolios. These annuity contracts may have different charges and may offer different benefits. We encourage you to carefully consider the costs and benefits of the Contract to ensure that it is consistent with your personal investment goals and needs. To obtain more information about these annuity contracts, contact your registered representative, or call us at (866) 747-3421.

Electronic Delivery

You may elect to receive prospectuses, transaction confirmations, reports and other communications in electronic format, instead of receiving paper copies of these documents. The electronic delivery service is subject to various terms and conditions, including a requirement that you promptly notify us of any change in your e-mail address, in order to avoid any disruption of deliveries to you. You may elect to discontinue e-Delivery at any time and may also request paper copies of any documents by contacting our Customer Service Center. You may obtain more information and assistance at www.SRSLiveWell.com or by writing us at our mailing address P.O. Box 9261 Des Moines, IA 50306-9261 or by telephone at (866) 747-3421.

Reports to Owners

We send you a quarterly report within 31 days after the end of each calendar quarter showing the Contract Value, Surrender Value, and the Death Benefit as of the end of the Calendar Quarter. The report will also show the allocation of your Contract Value and reflects amounts deducted since the last report.

Confirmation notices will be sent to you for premiums, partial withdrawals, surrenders, transfers of amounts between Investment Options and certain other financial transactions within 5 Business Days of processing.

You should promptly notify our Customer Service Center of any errors or discrepancies. We will review and correct any errors.

Unless you specifically request paper copies, we will make semi-annual reports with financial information on the portfolios available on a website. Each time a report is posted, we will send you a notice that includes a link to the report.

Assigning Your Contract

In general, you may assign your rights in a Non-Qualified Contract, however, we reserve the right, except to the extent prohibited by applicable laws, regulations, or actions of the state insurance commissioner, to refuse assignments or transfers at any time on a non-discriminatory basis. You must send a copy of the assignment to our Customer Service Center. The assignment does not take effect until we accept and approve it. We are not responsible for the validity of the assignment or for any payment we make or any action we take before we record notice of the assignment. An absolute assignment is a change of Ownership. There may be tax consequences.

263

This Contract is not designed for resale, speculation, arbitrage, viatical settlements or any other type of collective investment scheme. This Contract may not be traded on any stock exchange or secondary market.

Exemption from Exchange Act Reporting

We are relying on the exemption provided by Rule 12h-7 under the 1934 Act. In reliance on that exemption, we do not file periodic and current reports that we would be otherwise required to file pursuant to Section 15(d) of the 1934 Act.

Payment of Contract Proceeds

We will generally pay any Death Benefits, withdrawals, or surrenders within seven days after receiving the required form(s) in Good Order at our Customer Service Center.

We may delay payment or transfers for one or more of the following reasons:

• We cannot determine the amount of the payment,

• the New York Stock Exchange is closed,

• trading in securities has been restricted by the SEC,

• an emergency exists or if for any reason it is not reasonably practicable to dispose of or fairly value the securities held in an Investment Option,

• The SEC by order permits us to delay payment to protect our Owners, or

• Your premium check(s) have not cleared your bank.

If, pursuant to SEC rules, any Investment Portfolio suspends payment of redemption proceeds including, in the case of a money market fund Subaccount (which is the Subaccount used as the Default Account), in connection with liquidation of the underlying portfolio or as a result of portfolio liquidity levels then we will delay payment of any transfer (including a transfer under a DCA program), partial withdrawal, surrender, or Death Benefit from the corresponding Subaccount until the suspension of redemptions is lifted or the portfolio pays redemption proceeds.

Federal laws designed to counter terrorism and prevent money laundering by criminals might in certain circumstances require us to reject a premium payment and/or “freeze” an Owner’s account. If these laws apply in a particular situation, we would not be allowed to process any request for withdrawals, surrenders, or Death Benefits, make transfers, or continue making annuity payments. If a Contract or Investment Option is frozen, the applicable Contract Value would be moved to a special segregated interest bearing account and held in that account until we receive instructions from the appropriate federal regulator. We may also be required to provide information about you and your Contract to the government agencies and departments.

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APPENDIX A – INVESTMENT PORTFOLIOS AVAILABLE UNDER THE CONTRACT

The following is a list of the portfolios currently available under the Contract. More information about the Portfolio Companies is available in the prospectuses for the Portfolio Companies, which can be amended from time to time and can be found online at www.srslivewell.com/prospectus. You can also request this information at no cost by calling 866-747-3421 or sending an email request to SecuritiesPI@sfgmembers.com.

The current expenses and performance information below reflects fees and expenses of the Investment Portfolios, but does not reflect the other fees and expenses that your Contract may charge. Expenses would be higher and performance would be lower if these charges were included. Each investment portfolio’s past performance is not necessarily an indication of future performance.

Type/Investment Objective	Portfolio Company and Advisor/ Subadvisor	Current Expenses		Average Annual Total Returns (as of 12/31/2022 )
				1-Year Return			5-Year Returns			10-Year Return
US Fund Money Market—Taxable	Fidelity® VIP Government Money Mkt Svc 2 Fidelity Management & Research Company LLC / FMR Investment Management (U.K.) Limited; Fidelity Management & Research (Japan) Limited; Fidelity Management & Research (HK) Ltd		0.48		1.28			0.94			0.52
US Insurance Fund World Large-Stock Growth	American Funds IS® Global Growth Capital Research and Management Company		1.06		(24.92	)		6.80			9.92
US Insurance Small Growth	ClearBridge Variable Small Cap Growth Legg Mason Partners Fund Advisor, LLC / ClearBridge Investments, LLC		1.05		(29.01	)		8.28			10.95
US Insurance Large Blend	DWS Equity 500 Index VIP2 DWS Investment Management Americas, Inc. / Northern Trust Investments Inc		0.64		(18.62	)		8.75			11.90
US Insurance Intermediate Core-Plus Bond	Western Asset Core Plus VIT2 Legg Mason Partners Fund Advisor, LLC / Western Asset Management Company Pte Ltd. – Singapore; Western Asset Management Company, LLC; Western Asset Management Company Ltd. – Japan; Western Asset Management Company Limited – UK ;		0.78		(17.28	)		(0.80	)		1.47
	Soft-Closed
US Insurance Allocation—50% to 70% Equity	American Funds IS® Asset Allocation Capital Research and Management Company		0.80		(13.66	)		5.06			7.87
US Insurance Allocation—50% to 70% Equity	Calvert VP SRI Balanced Calvert Research and Management		0.88		(15.47	)		6.13			7.26

A-1

Type/Investment Objective	Portfolio Company and Advisor/ Subadvisor	Current Expenses		Average Annual Total Returns (as of 12/31/2022 )
				1-Year Return			5-Year Returns		10-Year Return
US Insurance Large Growth	Fidelity® VIP Growth Opportunities Fidelity Management & Research Company LLC / FMR Investment Management (U.K.) Limited; Fidelity Management & Research (Japan) Limited; Fidelity Management & Research (HK) Ltd;		0.88		(38.32	)		12.80		14.81
US Insurance Mid-Cap Blend	Fidelity® VIP Mid Cap Fidelity Management & Research Company LLC / FMR Investment Management (U.K.) Limited; Fidelity Management & Research (Japan) Limited; Fidelity Management & Research (HK) Ltd;		0.86		(14.97	)		5.68		9.69
US Insurance Multisector Bond	Lord Abbett Series Bond-Debenture1 Lord, Abbett & Co LLC		0.89		(12.81	)		1.01		3.65
US Insurance Short-Term Bond	Lord Abbett Series Short Duration Inc Lord, Abbett & Co LLC		0.83		(5.06	)		0.92
US Insurance Inflation-Protected Bond	PIMCO VIT Real Return Adv Pacific Investment Management Company, LLC		0.77		(11.99	)		1.86		0.80
US Insurance Ultrashort Bond	PIMCO VIT Short-Term Adv Pacific Investment Management Company, LLC		0.70		(0.25	)		1.16		1.25
US Insurance Large Value	Principal Equity Income Principal Global Investors, LLC		0.87		(10.86	)		7.09		10.39

1 The Fidelity VIP Government Money Mkt Svc 2 Money Market Subaccount operates as the Default Account and is not available for direct investment.

2 This investment option is subject to an expense reimbursement and/or fee waiver arrangement resulting in a temporary expense reduction. See the Investment Option’s prospectus for additional information.

A-2

APPENDIX B – STATE VARIATIONS

The prospectus provides a general description of the Contract, but your state of issue may provide different features from those described in the body of the prospectus.

All material state variations in the Contract are disclosed in this Appendix. For more information Contract variations applicable to your state, you may contact your registered representative or our Customer Service Center.

State	Variation
Hawaii	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.
Indiana	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/ Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.
Maryland	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/ Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.

B-1

State	Variation
Massachusetts	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.
Missouri	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/ Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.
Nebraska	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/ Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.
Oregon	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/ Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.

B-2

State	Variation
Pennsylvania	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.
Utah	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/ Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.
Vermont	•  The following Cycle Investments are not available:
		Index	Cycle Term (# of years)		Cycle Structure		Cycle Floor/ Buffer Rate			Crediting Type	Rate Threshold
		S&P 500		1		Buffer		-30	%	Cap		2.5	%
		S&P 500		6		Buffer		-10	%	Participation		10	%
		MSCI EAFE		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
		Russell 2000		1		Buffer		-10	%	Cap		5	%
	•  The Fair Value calculation prior to the Cycle End Date for Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 continues to incorporate the Proportional Cap Rate. •  The optional Return of Premium Death Benefit Rider is not available. •  The optional Waiver of Surrender Charges Rider is not available.

B-3

APPENDIX C – CYCLE INVESTMENT UNIT VALUE EXAMPLES

For each active Cycle Investment, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated on each Cycle Business Day based on each (A) Cycle Investment’s Fair Value as determined by the Fair Value Calculation Agent; (B) the number of Cycle Investment units held; and (C) the Floor Rate or Buffer Rate applicable to the Cycle Investment.

FOR CYCLE INVESTMENTS WITH A FLOOR RATE AND A CAP RATE:

Start Date

The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value will be set as $10 for each Cycle on the Start Date.

During the Cycle Term

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023:

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as the lesser of:

(A) The Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units

and

(B) The Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate

The percentage gain in the Cycle Investment Unit Value, prior to the Cycle End Date, is limited by the Proportional Cap Rate, which is the Cap Rate multiplied by the amount of time that has elapsed since the Cycle Start Date, divided by the Cycle Term.

The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value is adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value } x {1 + (Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]}. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be prior to the Cycle End Date.

Example 1: A Cycle Investment that is 150 days since the Cycle Start Date, has a 3 year Cycle Term, a 20% Cap Rate, a Fair Value of $1,250,000, and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,250,000 / 100,000 = $12.50

(B) The initial Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + ( Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 20% x (150/(365 x 3)} = $10.27. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$12.50, $10.27} = $10.27.

Example 2: A Cycle Investment that is 150 days since the Start Date, has a 3 year Cycle Term, a 20% Cap Rate, a Fair Value of $900,000, and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $900,000 / 100,000 = $9.00

B-4

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + ( Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 20% x (150/(365 x 3)} = $10.27. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$9.00, $10.27} = $9.00.

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023:

During the Cycle Term

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as:

The Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value

Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent. This is equivalent to the Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units.

Example 1: A Cycle Investment that is 150 days since the Cycle Start Date has a 3 year Cycle Term, a 20% Cap Rate, a Fair Value of $1,100,000, and the current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,100,000 / 100,000 = $11.00

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = $11.00.

Example 2: A Cycle that is 150 days since the Cycle Start Date has a 3 year Cycle Term, a 20% Cap Rate, a Fair Value of $900,000, and the current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding Unit Value = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $900,000 / 100,000 = $9.00

The Cycle Investment Unit Value = $9.00.

During the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date, no Floor Rate or Buffer Rate applies. Thus, during the Cycle Term, the decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value is not limited by Floor Rate or Buffer Rate protection. This means that you could lose all of your principal invested in a Cycle, if you take a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date.

Withdrawals from the Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date are permitted and the impact of the withdrawal on the amount of investment remaining in the Cycle Investment is based on the dollar amount withdrawn and the Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal.

(A) The dollar amount of the Withdrawal is translated into number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn as (dollar amount of the Withdrawal) / (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn.

(B) The number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal = (number of Cycle Investment Units prior to Withdrawal) – (number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn [as calculated in (A) above]).

(C) Value of the remaining investment in the Cycle Investment = (number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal [as calculated in (B) above]) x (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal).

B-5

Example 1: A Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date has a current Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10 and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 10,000 has withdrawals of $10,000.

(A) The number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn = (dollar amount of the Withdrawal) / (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = $10,000 / $10 = 1,000.

(B) The number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the withdrawal = (number of Cycle Investment Units prior to the Withdrawal) – (number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn) = 10,000 – 1,000 = 9,000.

(C) The value of the remaining investment in the Cycle Investment = (number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal) x (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = 9,000 x $10 = $90,000.

Example 2: A -10% Floor Cycle that had an initial Cycle Investment of $100,000, takes a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date. The current Cycle Investment Unit Value is $7.00 (note: if the Floor Rate applied prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value would be $9.00 = $10 * (1 + Cycle Floor Rate)) and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 10,000 has a withdrawal of $7,000.

(A) The number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn = (dollar amount of the Withdrawal) / (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = $7,000 / $7.00 = 1,000.

(B) The number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the withdrawal = (number of Cycle Investment Units prior to the Withdrawal) – (number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn) = 10,000 – 1,000 = 9,000.

(C) The value of the remaining investment in the Cycle Investment = (number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal) x (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = 9,000 x $7 = $63,000.

Example 3: A -10% Buffer Cycle that had an initial Cycle Investment of $100,000, takes a withdrawal prior to the Cycle End Date. The current Cycle Investment Unit Value is $7.00 (note: if the Buffer Rate applied prior to the Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value would be $8.00 = $10 * (30% + Cycle Buffer Rate)) and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 10,000 has a withdrawal of $7,000.

(A) The number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn = (dollar amount of the Withdrawal) / (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = $7,000 / $7.00 = 1,000.

(B) The number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the withdrawal = (number of Cycle Investment Units prior to the Withdrawal) – (number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn) = 10,000 – 1,000 = 9,000.

(C) The value of the remaining investment in the Cycle Investment = (number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal) x (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = 9,000 x $7 = $63,000.

On the Cycle End Date

The Cycle End Date Unit Value will equal the Cycle Investment Unit Value on the Cycle End Date subject to being no greater than the Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap (See D below) and being no less that the Cycle End Date Unit Value Floor (see E below).

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value:

1. The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10

(B) Change in the Index Value

B-6

The Change in the Index Value equals:

1. The last reported value of the Index on the Cycle End Date, minus the last reported value of the Index on the Start Date, divided by.

2. The last reported Value of the Index on the Start Date.

(C) Cycle End Date Initial Unit Value

The Cycle End Date’s initial Unit Value equals:

1. The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value multiplied by

2. One plus the Change in Index Value, computed as set forth in (B) above.

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap

The Cycle End Date’s Unit Value Cap equals the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value multiplied by (one plus the Cap Rate.)

(E) Cycle End Date Unit Value Floor

The Cycle End Date’s Unit Value Floor equals the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value multiplied by (one plus the Floor Rate (which is a negative number)).

(F) Maturity Unit Value

Cycle Investment Unit Cycle Investment Value is the greater of (i) (E) ; or (ii) the lesser of (C) and (D).

Example 1: A Cycle Investment matures, the Cap Rate is 20%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 1,500, Index Value on the Cycle Start Date is 1,000, and the Floor Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (1,500 – 1,000)/1,000 = 50%

(C) Cycle End Date Initial Unit Value = $10 x (1+50%) = $15.00

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap = $10 x (1+20%) = $12.00

(E) Cycle End Date Unit Value Floor = $10 x (1+ -10%) = $9.00

Cycle Investment Unit Value = (C) subject to being no greater than (D) and no less than (E) = Max {$9.00 and Min($15.00, $12.00)} = $12.00

Example 2: A Cycle Investment matures, the Cap Rate is 20%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 800, Index Value on the Start Date is 1,000, and the Floor Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (800 – 1,000)/1,000 = -20%

(C) Cycle End Date initial Unit Value = $10 x (1+-20%) = $8.00

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap = $10 x (1+20%) = $12.00

(E) Cycle End Date Unit Value Floor = $10 x (1+ -10%) = $9.00

Cycle Investment Unit Value = (C) subject to being no greater than (D) and no less than (E) = Max{$9.00 and Min($8.00, $12.00)} = $9.00

B-7

Example 3: A Cycle Investment matures, the Cap Rate is 20%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 1,100, Index Value on the Start Date is 1,000, and the Floor Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (1,100 – 1,000)/1,000 = 10%

(C) Cycle End Date initial Unit Value = $10 x (1+10%) = $11.00

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap = $10 x (1+20%) = $12.00

(E) Cycle End Date Unit Value Floor = $10 x (1+ -10%) = $9.00

Cycle Investment Unit Value = (C) subject to being no greater than (D) and no less than (E) = Max{$9.00 and Min($11.00 , $12.00)} = $11.00

The value of investment in a Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date is equal to the (number of Cycle Investment Units at the Cycle End Date) x (Cycle Investment Unit Value on the Cycle End Date).

Example 1: A Cycle on the Cycle End Date has a current Cycle Investment Unit Value of $12.31 and current number of Units of 10,000. The value of the investments in the Cycle on the Cycle End Date is $12.31 x 10,000 = $123,100.

FOR CYCLE INVESTMENTS WITH A BUFFER RATE AND A CAP RATE:

Start Date

The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value will be set as $10 for each Cycle Investment on the Start Date.

During the Cycle Term

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023:

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as the lesser of:

(A) The Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value

Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent. The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Units

and

(B) The Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate

The percentage gain in the Cycle Investment Unit Value, prior to the Cycle End Date, is limited by the Proportional Cap Rate, which is the Cap Rate multiplied by the amount of time that has elapsed since the Cycle Start Date divided by the Cycle Term.

The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value is adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = { Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value } x {1 + ( Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Cycle Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]}. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be prior to the Cycle End Date

B-8

Example 1: A Cycle Investment that is 150 days since the Cycle Start Date, has a one year Cycle Term, a 20% Cap Rate, a Fair Value of $1,250,000, and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,250,000 / 100,000 = $12.50

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + (Cap Rate) x (number of days elapsed since Cycle Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]} = $10 x {1+ 20% x (150/365)} = $10.82. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$12.50, $10.82} = $10.82

Example 2: A Cycle Investment that is 150 days since the Start Date, has a one year Cycle Term, a 20% Cap Rate, a Fair Value of $900,000, and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

(A) The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $900,000 / 100,000 = $9.00

(B) The maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate = {Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value} x {1 + ( Cap Rate) x [(number of days elapsed since Start Date) / (number of days in a Cycle Term)]}= $10 x {1+ 20% x (150/365)} = $10.82. This is the maximum that the Cycle Investment Unit Value can be.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lesser of (A) and (B) = Min {$9.00, $10.82} = $9.00

During the Cycle Term

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023:

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value

Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent. This is equivalent to the Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units

Example 1: A Cycle Investment that is 150 days since the Cycle Start Date, has a 3 year Cycle Term, a 35% Cap Rate, a Fair Value of $1,250,000, and the current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,290,000 / 100,000 = $12.90

Cycle Investment Unit Value = $12.90.

Example 2: A Cycle Investment that is 150 days since the Cycle Start Date, has a 3 year Cycle Term, a 35% Cap Rate, a Fair Value of $490,000 and the current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $490,000 / 100,000 = $4.90

Cycle Investment Unit Value = $4.90.

During the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date, no Buffer Rate or Floor Rate applies. Thus, during the Cycle Term, the decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value is not limited by the Buffer Rate or Floor Rate protection.

B-9

Withdrawals from the Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date are permitted and the impact of the withdrawal on the amount of investment remaining in the Cycle Investment is based on the dollar amount withdrawn and the Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal.

(A) The dollar amount of the Withdrawal is translated into number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn as (dollar amount of the Withdrawal) / (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn.

(B) The number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal = (number of Cycle Investment Unit prior to Withdrawal) – (number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn [as calculated in (A) above]).

(C) Value of the remaining investment in the Cycle Investment = (number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal [as calculated in (B) above]) * (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal).

Example 1: A Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date has a current Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10 and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 10,000 has withdrawals of $10,000.

(A) The number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn = (dollar amount of the Withdrawal) / (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = $10,000 / $10 = 1,000.

(B) The number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the withdrawal = (number of Cycle Investment Units prior to the Withdrawal) – (number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn) = 10,000 – 1,000 = 9,000.

(C) The value of the remaining investment in the Cycle Investment = (number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal) * (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = 9,000 * $10 = $90,000.

On the Cycle End Date

The Cycle End Date Unit Value will equal the Cycle End Date Initial Unit Value subject to being no greater than the Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap (See D below) and for losses that occur in excess of the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer (see E below).

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value:

1. The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10

(B) Change in the Index Value:

The Change in the Index Value equals:

1. The last reported value of the Index on the Cycle End Date, minus the last reported value of the Index on the Cycle Start Date, divided by

2. The last reported Value of the Index on the Cycle Start Date.

(C) Cycle End Date initial Unit Value

The Cycle End Date’s initial Unit Value equals:

1. The Initial Unit Value multiplied by

2. One plus the Change in Index Value, computed as set forth in (B) above.

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap

The Cycle End Date’s Unit Value Cap equals the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value multiplied by one plus the Cap Rate.

B-10

(E) Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer

If the Change in Index Value, as computed in (B) above, is greater than or equal to the Cycle Buffer Rate (i.e., is not a loss greater than the Buffer Rate) then the Cycle’s End Date Unit Value Buffer equals the Initial Unit Value. If the Change in the Index Value, as computed in (B) above, is less than the Cycle Buffer Rate (i.e., is a loss greater than the Buffer Rate) then the Cycle’s End Date Unit Value Buffer equals the Initial Unit Value multiplied by one plus the quantity of the Change in Index Value minus the Buffer Rate.

(F) Maturity Unit Value

Cycle Investment Unit Value is the greater of (i) (E); or (ii) the lesser of (C) and (D).

Example 1: A Cycle Investment matures, the Cap Rate is 20%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 950, Index Value on the Start Date is 1,000, and the Buffer Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (950 – 1,000)/1,000 = -5.0%

(C) Cycle End Date initial Unit Value = $10 x (1+-5.0%) = $9.50

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap = $10 x (1+20%) = $12.00

(E) Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer = $10.00; since the Change in Index Value of -5.0% is greater than Buffer Rate of -10%, the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer is the Initial Unit Value of $10.00.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Greater of $10.00 versus Min{$9.50 , $12.00}, which is $10.00.

Example 2: A Cycle Investment matures, the Cap Rate is 20%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 800, Index Value on the Start Date is 1,000, and the Buffer Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (800 – 1,000)/1,000 = -20.0%

(C) Cycle End Date Initial Unit Value = $10 x (1+-20.0%) = $8.00

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap = $10 x (1+20%) = $12.00

(E) Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer = $9.00; since the Change in Index Value of -20.0% is less than the Buffer Rate of -10%, the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer is $10 * (1 + -20% – 10%) = $9.00.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Greater of $9.00 versus Min{$8.00 , $12.00}, which is $9.00.

Example 3: A Cycle Investment matures, the Cap Rate is 20%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 1,100, Index Value on the Start Date is 1,000, and the Buffer Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (1,100 – 1,000)/1,000 = 10.0%

(C) Cycle End Date Initial Unit Value = $10 x (1+10.0%) = $11.00

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap = $10 x (1+20%) = $12.00

(E) Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer = $10.00; since the Change in Index Value of 10% is greater than the Buffer Rate of -10%, the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer is $10.00.

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Cycle Investment Unit Value = Greater of $10.00 versus Min{$11.00 , $12.00}, which is $11.00.

Example 4: A Cycle Investment matures, the Cap Rate is 20%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 1,500, Index Value on the Start Date is 1,000, and the Buffer Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (1,500 – 1,000)/1,000 = 50.0%

(C) Cycle End Date Initial Unit Value = $10 x (1+50.0%) = $15.00

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap = $10 x (1+20%) = $12.00

(E) Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer = $10.00; since the Change in Index Value of 50% is greater than the Buffer Rate of -10%, the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer is $10.00.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Greater of $10.00 versus Min{$15.00, $12.00}, which is $12.00.

The value of investment in a Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date is equal to the (number of Cycle Investment Units at the Cycle End Date)

* (Cycle Investment Unit Value on the Cycle End Date).

Example 1: A Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date has a current Cycle Investment Unit Value of $12.31 and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 10,000 the value of the investments in the Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date is $12.31 * 10,000 = $123,100.

FOR CYCLE INVESTMENTS WITH A BUFFER RATE AND A PARTICIPATION RATE:

Start Date

The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value will be set as $10 for each Cycle Investment on the Start Date.

During the Cycle Term

Each Cycle Business Day prior to Cycle End Date, the Cycle Investment Unit Value will be calculated as the Cycle Investment Unit Value based on the Fair Value

Each Business Day the Fair Value of each Cycle Investment will be determined by a Fair Value Calculation Agent.

This is equivalent to the Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units.

Example 1: A Cycle Investment that is 150 days since the Cycle Start Date has a 6-year Cycle Term, an 80% Participation Rate, a Fair Value of $1,150,000, and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $1,150,000 / 100,000 = $11.50 Cycle Investment Unit Value = $11.50

Example 2: A Cycle Investment that is 150 days since the Start Date has a 6-year Cycle Term, an 110% Participation Rate, a Fair Value of $900,000, and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 100,000.

The fair value per Cycle Units outstanding = Fair Value / number of Cycle Investment Units = $900,000 / 100,000 = $9.00

Cycle Investment Unit Value = $9.00

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During the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date, no Buffer Rate or Floor Rate applies. Thus, during the Cycle Term, the decrease in the Cycle Investment Unit Value is not limited by the Buffer Rate or Floor Rate protection.

Withdrawals from the Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date are permitted and the impact of the withdrawal on the amount of investment remaining in the Cycle Investment is based on the dollar amount withdrawn and the Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal.

(A) The dollar amount of the Withdrawal is translated into number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn as (dollar amount of the Withdrawal) / (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn.

(B) The number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal = (number of Cycle Investment Unit prior to Withdrawal) – (number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn [as calculated in (A) above]).

(C) Value of the remaining investment in the Cycle Investment = (number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal [as calculated in (B) above]) * (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal).

Example 1: A Cycle Investment prior to the Cycle End Date has a current Cycle Investment Unit Value of $10 and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 10,000 has withdrawals of $10,000.

(A) The number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn = (dollar amount of the Withdrawal) / (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = $10,000 / $10 = 1,000.

(B) The number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the withdrawal = (number of Cycle Investment Units prior to the Withdrawal) – (number of Cycle Investment Units withdrawn) = 10,000 – 1,000 = 9,000.

(C) The value of the remaining investment in the Cycle Investment = (number of Cycle Investment Units remaining after the Withdrawal) * (Cycle Investment Unit Value at the time of the Withdrawal) = 9,000 * $10 = $90,000.

On the Cycle End Date

The Cycle End Date Unit Value will be determined with reference to the Participation Rate (See C below) if there is Index gain and will equal the Initial Unit Value subject to losses that occur in excess of the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer (see D below) if there is Index loss.

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value:

1. The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10

(B) Change in the Index Value:

The Change in the Index Value equals:

1. The last reported value of the Index on the Cycle End Date, minus the last reported value of the Index on the Cycle Start Date, divided by.

2. The last reported Value of the Index on the Cycle Start Date.

(C) Maturity unit value – Index Gain

If the Change in Index Value, computed as set forth in (B) above is greater than or equal to zero, the Cycle End Date’s Unit Value equals:

1. The Initial Unit Value multiplied by

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2. One plus

3. The Change in Index Value, computed as set forth in (B) above, multiplied by the Participation Rate.

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer

If the Change in Index Value, as computed in (B) above, is greater than or equal to the Buffer Rate (i.e., is not a loss greater than the Buffer Rate) then the Cycle’s End Date Unit Value Buffer equals the Initial Unit Value. If the Change in the Index Value, as computed in (B) above, is less than the Buffer Rate (i.e., is a loss greater than the Buffer Rate) then the Cycle’s End Date Unit Value Buffer equals the Initial Unit Value multiplied by one plus the quantity of the Change in Index Value minus the Buffer Rate.

(E) Maturity unit value – Index Loss

If the Change in Index Value is less than zero, the Cycle End Date’s Unit Value is subject to (D).

Example 1: A Cycle Investment matures, the Participation Rate is 80%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 950, Index Value on the Start Date is 1,000, and the Buffer Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (950 – 1,000)/1,000 = -5.0%

(C) Is not applicable in this example because the Change in Index Value, computed in (B) above, is less than 0

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer = $10.00; since the Change in Index Value of -5.0% is greater than Buffer Rate of -10%, the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer is the Initial Unit Value of $10.00.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer computed as set forth in (D) above, which is $10.00.

Example 2: A Cycle Investment matures, the Participation Rate is 80%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 800, Index Value on the Start Date is 1,000, and the Buffer Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (800 – 1,000)/1,000 = -20.0%

(C) Is not applicable in this example because the Change in Index Value, computed in (B) above, is less than 0

(D) Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer = $9.00; since the Change in Index Value of -20.0% is less than the Buffer Rate of -10%, the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer is $10 * (1 + -20% — 10%) = $9.00.

Cycle Investment Unit Value = Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer computed as set forth in (D) above, which is $9.00.

Example 3: A Cycle Investment matures, the Participation Rate is 80%, Index Value on the Cycle End Date is 1,100, Index Value on the Start Date is 1,000, and the Buffer Rate is -10%.

(A) Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value = $10.00

(B) Change in Index Value = (1,100 – 1,000)/1,000 = 10.0%

(C) Cycle End Date Unit Value = $10 × (1+80%*10.0%) = $10.80

(D) Is not applicable in this example because the Change in Index Value computed in (B) above is greater than 0

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Cycle Investment Unit Value =$10.80 as computed in (C), since the Change in Index Value, as computed in (B) above, is greater than 0.

The value of investment in a Cycle on the Cycle End Date is equal to the (number of Cycle Investment Units at the Cycle End Date) * (Cycle Investment Unit Value on the Cycle End Date).

Example 1: A Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date has a current Cycle Investment Unit Value of $12.31 and current number of Cycle Investment Units of 10,000 the value of the investments in the Cycle Investment on the Cycle End Date is $12.31 * 10,000 = $123,100.

CYCLE INVESTMENT

The Contract Holder’s Cycle Investment on any Cycle Business Day is the number of Cycle Investment Units credited to the Contract Holder multiplied by the day’s Cycle Investment Unit Value.

Example 1: On a Cycle Start Date a Contract Holder invests $100,000 in a Cycle Investment. The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value is $10. After 6 months, the Cycle Investment Unit Value of the Cycle Investment is $13.00.

(A) Number of Cycle Investment Units = $100,000/10 = 10,000 Cycle Investment Units

(B) Cycle Investment after 6 months = 10,000 x $13.00 = $130,000

Example 2: On a Cycle Start Date a Contract Holder invests $90,000 in a Cycle Investment. The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value is $10. After 3 months, the Cycle Investment Unit Value of the Cycle Investment is $8.50.

(A) Number of Cycle Investment Units = $90,000/10 = 9,000 Cycle Investment Units

(B) Cycle Investment after 3 months = 9,000 x $8.50 = $76,500

Example 3: On a Cycle Start Date a Contract Holder invests $250,000 in a Cycle Investment. The Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value is $10. After 10 months, the Cycle Investment Unit Value of the Cycle Investment is $12.00.

(A) Number of Cycle Investment Units = $250,000/10 = 25,000 Cycle Investment Units

(B) Cycle Investment after 10 months = 25,000 x $12.00 = $300,000

APPENDIX D – INDEX DISCLAIMERS

The Cycle Investments track certain Securities Indices that are published by third parties. Midland National uses these Securities Indices under license from the Indices’ respective publishers. The following information about the Indices is included in this Prospectus in accordance with Midland National’s license agreements with the publishers of the Indices:

S&P 500^® PRICE RETURN INDEX

Standard & Poor’s requires that the following disclaimer be included in this prospectus:

The Cycle Investments are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) or its third party licensors. Neither S&P nor its third party licensors makes any representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the Contract or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Contract particularly or the ability of the S&P 500 Index (the “Index”) to track general stock market performance. S&P’s and its third party licensor’s only relationship to Midland National is

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the licensing of certain trademarks and trade names of S&P and the third party licensors and of the Index which is determined, composed and calculated by S&P or its third party licensors without regard to Midland National or the Contract. S&P and its third party licensors have no obligation to take the needs of Midland National or the owners of the Contract into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the Index. Neither S&P nor its third party licensors is responsible for and has not participated in the determination of the prices and amount of the Contract or the timing of the issuance or sale of the Contract or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the Contract is to be converted into cash. S&P has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Contract.

NEITHER S&P, ITS AFFILIATES NOR THEIR THIRD PARTY LICENSORS GUARANTEE THE ADEQUACY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS OR COMPLETENESS OF THE INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN OR ANY COMMUNICATIONS, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ORAL OR WRITTEN COMMUNICATIONS (INCLUDING ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS) WITH RESPECT THERETO. S&P, ITS AFFILIATES AND THEIR THIRD PARTY LICENSORS SHALL NOT BE SUBJECT TO ANY DAMAGES OR LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS OR DELAYS THEREIN. S&P MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE MARKS, THE INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT WHATSOEVER SHALL S&P, ITS AFFILIATES OR THEIR THIRD PARTY LICENSORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO, LOSS OF PROFITS, TRADING LOSSES, LOST TIME OR GOODWILL, EVEN IF THEY HAVE BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT, STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE.

The name “S&P 500 Index” is a trademark of Standard & Poor’s and has been licensed for use by Midland National.

MSCI EAFE PRICE RETURN INDEX

THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS ARE NOT SPONSORED, ENDORSED, SOLD OR PROMOTED BY MSCI INC. (“MSCI”), ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES, ANY OF ITS INFORMATION PROVIDERS OR ANY OTHER THIRD PARTY INVOLVED IN, OR RELATED TO, COMPILING, COMPUTING OR CREATING ANY MSCI INDEX (COLLECTIVELY, THE “MSCI PARTIES”). THE MSCI INDEXES ARE THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF MSCI. MSCI AND THE MSCI INDEX NAMES ARE SERVICE MARK(S) OF MSCI OR ITS AFFILIATES AND HAVE BEEN LICENSED FOR USE FOR CERTAIN PURPOSES BY MIDLAND NATIONAL. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, TO THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY REGARDING THE ADVISABILITY OF INVESTING IN THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS GENERALLY OR IN THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS PARTICULARLY OR THE ABILITY OF ANY MSCI INDEX TO TRACK CORRESPONDING STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE. MSCI OR ITS AFFILIATES ARE THE LICENSORS OF CERTAIN TRADEMARKS, SERVICE MARKS AND TRADE NAMES AND OF THE MSCI INDEXES WHICH ARE DETERMINED, COMPOSED AND CALCULATED BY MSCI WITHOUT REGARD TO THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS OR THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES HAS ANY OBLIGATION TO TAKE THE NEEDS OF THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY INTO CONSIDERATION IN DETERMINING, COMPOSING OR CALCULATING THE MSCI INDEXES. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES IS RESPONSIBLE FOR OR HAS PARTICIPATED IN THE DETERMINATION OF THE TIMING OF, PRICES AT, OR QUANTITIES OF THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS TO BE ISSUED OR IN THE DETERMINATION OR CALCULATION OF THE EQUATION BY OR THE CONSIDERATION INTO WHICH THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS ARE REDEEMABLE. FURTHER, NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES HAS ANY OBLIGATION OR LIABILITY TO

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THE ISSUER OR OWNERS OF THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE ADMINISTRATION, MARKETING OR OFFERING OF THE CYCLE INVESTMENT

OPTIOS. ALTHOUGH MSCI SHALL OBTAIN INFORMATION FOR INCLUSION IN OR FOR USE IN THE CALCULATION OF THE MSCI INDEXES FROM SOURCES THAT MSCI CONSIDERS RELIABLE, NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES WARRANTS OR GUARANTEES THE ORIGINALITY, ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF ANY MSCI INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES MAKES ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY THE ISSUER OF THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS, OWNERS OF THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIOS, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY, FROM THE USE OF ANY MSCI INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES SHALL HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS OR INTERRUPTIONS OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH ANY MSCI INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. FURTHER, NONE OF THE MSCI PARTIES MAKES ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, AND THE MSCI PARTIES HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, WITH RESPECT TO EACH MSCI INDEX AND ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL ANY OF THE MSCI PARTIES HAVE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, CONSEQUENTIAL OR ANY OTHER DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS) EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

RUSSELL 2000 PRICE RETURN INDEX

The Cycle Investment Options are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Frank Russell Company (“Russell”). Russell makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the Cycle Investment Options or any member of the public regarding the advisability of investing in securities generally or in the Cycle Investment Options particularly or the ability of the Russell Index to track general stock market performance or a segment of the same. Russell’s publication of the Russell Index in no way suggests or implies an opinion by Russell as to the advisability of investment in any or all of the securities upon which the Russell Index is based. Russell’s only relationship to Midland National is the licensing of certain trademarks and trade names of Russell and of the Russell Index which is determined, composed and calculated by Russell without regard to Midland National or the Cycle Investment Options. Russell is not responsible for and has not reviewed the Cycle Investment Options nor any associated literature or publications and Russell makes no representation or warranty express or implied as to their accuracy or completeness, or otherwise. Russell reserves the right, at any time and without notice, to alter, amend, terminate or in any way change the Russell Index. Russell has no obligation or liability in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the Cycle Investment Options.

RUSSELL DOES NOT GUARANTEE THE ACCURACY AND/OR THE COMPLETENESS OF THE RUSSELL INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN AND RUSSELL SHALL HA VE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS, OMISSIONS, OR INTERRUPTIONS THEREIN. RUSSELL MAKES NO WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY MIDLAND NATIONAL, INVESTORS, OWNERS OF THE CYCLE INVESTMENT OPTIONS, OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE RUSSELL INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. RUSSELL MAKES NO EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE RUSSELL INDEX OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. WITHOUT LIMITING ANY OF THE FOREGOING, IN NO EVENT SHALL RUSSELL HA VE ANY LIABILITY FOR ANY SPECIAL, PUNITIVE, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING LOST PROFITS, EVEN IF NOTIFIED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

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APPENDIX E – FAIR VALUE FORMULAS

We compute the Cycle Investment Unit Value using the Fair Value.

For Cycle Investments with a Cap Rate Crediting Type.

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023:

The Cycle Business Day’s Cycle Investment Unit Value will equal the Fair Value per Cycle Values outstanding (see A Below) subject to the maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value Cap, which is adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate (see B below).

A. Cycle Business Day Fair Value per Cycle Units outstanding

The Cycle Business Day Fair Value per Cycle Units outstanding equals the Cycle’s Fair Value divided by the total number of Cycle Investment Units outstanding, each as of that day.

B. Cycle Business Day maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value, which is adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate

If the Cycle Business Day Fair Value per Cycle Units outstanding is greater than the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value (i.e., $10.00), we determine the Cycle Business Day maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value, which is adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate. The Cycle Business Day maximum Cycle Investment Unit Value, which is adjusted for the Proportional Cap Rate equals: (i) the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value multiplied by (ii) one plus the Proportional Cap Rate. The Proportional Cap Rate is equal to the (i) the Cap Rate multiplied by (ii) the number of days lapsed during the Cycle Term divided by the number of days in the Cycle Term.

For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023:

The Cycle Business Day’s Cycle Investment Unit Value will equal the Fair Value per Cycle Values outstanding.

The Cycle Business Day Fair Value per Cycle Units outstanding equals the Cycle’s Fair Value divided by the total number of Cycle Investment Units outstanding, each as of that day.

The Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply during the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date. Thus, there is no protection against any decrease in value of the Cycle Investment for withdrawals during the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date.

On the Cycle End Date. For each Cycle Investment, we determine the Cycle Investment Unit Value on its Cycle End Date based on the change in the Index Value (see A below), the Cap Rate, and the Floor Rate or the Buffer Rate, as applicable. As of the Cycle End Date, we compute the Cycle End Date Initial Unit Value (see B below). The Cycle End Date Unit Value will equal the Cycle End Date Initial Unit Value subject to the Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap (see C below) and the Cycle End Date Unit Value Floor for Cycles Investments with Floor Rates (see D below) and the Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap (see C below) and the Buffer Rate (see E below) for Cycle Investments with Buffer Rates (see E below),

A. Change in the Index Value

The change in Index Value equals:

1) The last reported value of the Index on the Cycle End Date, minus the last reported value of the Index on the Cycle Start Date, divided by

2) The last reported value of the Index on the Cycle Start Date.

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B. Cycle End Date Initial Unit Value

The Cycle End Date’s initial Unit Value equals:

1) The initial Unit Value multiplied by

2) One plus the Change in Index Value, computed as set forth in A above.

C. Cycle End Date Unit Value Cap

The Cycle End Date’s Unit Value Cap equals the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value multiplied by one plus the Cap Rate.

D. Cycle End Date Unit Value Floor

The Cycle End Date Unit Value Floor equals the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value multiplied by one plus the Floor Rate (which is a negative number).

E. Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer

The Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer equals any negative change in the Index Value offset by the Buffer Rate. If there is negative change of less than the Buffer Rate, then impact is 0% to Unit Value. If there is negative change greater than the Buffer Rate, then the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer is the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value multiplied by one plus the difference between the change and the Buffer Rate (which is a negative number).

For Cycle Investments with a Participation Rate Crediting Type. The Cycle Business Day’s Cycle Investment Unit Value will equal the Fair Value per Cycle Values outstanding:

Cycle Business Day Fair Value per Cycle Units outstanding

The Cycle Business Day Fair Value per Cycle Units outstanding equals the Cycle’s Fair Value divided by the total number of Cycle Investment Units outstanding, each as of that day.

The Floor Rate and the Buffer Rate do not apply during the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date. Thus, there is no protection against any decrease in value of the Cycle Investment for withdrawals during the Cycle Term prior to the Cycle End Date.

On the Cycle End Date. For each Cycle Investment, we determine the Cycle Investment Unit Value on its Cycle End Date based on the change in the Index Value (see A below), the Participation Rate, and the Floor Rate or the Buffer Rate, as applicable. The Cycle End Date Unit Value will be determined with reference to the Participation Rate (see B below) if there is Index gain. The Cycle End Date Unit Value will equal the Initial Unit Value subject to the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer (see C below),

A. Change in the Index Value

The change in Index Value equals:

1) The last reported value of the Index on the Cycle End Date, minus the last reported value of the Index on the Cycle Start Date, divided by

2) The last reported value of the Index on the Cycle Start Date.

B. Maturity unit value – Index gain

If the Change in Index Value, computed as set forth in A above, is greater than or equal to 0, the Cycle End Date’s Unit Value equals:

1) The initial Unit Value multiplied by

2) One plus

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3) The Change in Index Value, computed as set forth in A above, multiplied by the Participation Rate.

C. Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer

The Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer equals any negative change in the Index Value offset by the Buffer Rate. If there is negative change of less than the Buffer Rate, then impact is 0% to Unit Value. If the Index performance is between 0% and the Buffer Rate, then impact is 0% to Unit Value. If the Index performance is less than the Buffer Rate, then the Cycle End Date Unit Value Buffer is the Initial Cycle Investment Unit Value multiplied by one plus the difference between the change and the Buffer Rate (which is a negative number).

Reporting. For each Cycle Investment in which you invest, we will make electronically available to you on each Cycle Business Day (i) the number of Cycle Investment Units credited to your Cycle Investment(s) and (ii) the Cycle Investment Unit Value on the Business Day preceding the Cycle Business Day.

At least once each year, we will send you a report containing information required by applicable state law and the following:

1) The beginning date and end date for the reporting period;

2) For each Cycle Investment in which you invested during the reporting period;

a) The Start Date, Cycle Term, Floor Rate or Buffer Rate, Creditng Type (ie. Cap Rate or Participation Rate), and the value of the Index on the Start Date, and if there was a Cycle End Date, the value of the Index on the Cycle End Date;

b) The number of Cycle Investment Units credited to the Contract (i) at the beginning of the reporting period, and (ii) on the Cycle Business Day immediately prior to the date of the report;

c) The number of Cycle Investment Units redeemed and the Cycle Investment Unit Value in connection with each withdrawal made during the current reporting period;

d) The Cycle Investment Unit Value (i) at the beginning of the reporting period, and (ii) on the Cycle Business Day immediately prior to the date of the report;

3) The Index price for each Cycle Investment on the Start Date and, at the end of the current report period.

We have contracted with S&P Global Market Intelligence, an independent analytics firm, to be the Fair Value Calculation Agent to compute the Fair Value of a Cycle Investment Unit each Business Day during a Cycle Term. The Fair Value reflects the current value of financial instruments that would provide a return equal to the change in Index Value at the end of the Cycle Term subject to the Cap Rate/Participation Rate and subject to the Floor Rate/Buffer Rate. The Fair Value is based on a variety of factors considered by the Fair Value Calculation Agent, which include the change in the Index Value from the Cycle Start Date, volatility of the Index, changes in prevailing interest rates and the time remaining until the Cycle End Date. Each of these factors is included in the applicable formulas for the Cycle Investment set forth below. The Fair Value is determined using these formulas which are based on the economic value of hypothetical investments at the time of the valuation designed to match the Cycle Investment Value at the Cycle End Date.

The value of each of these financial instruments is determined by the Fair Value Calculation Agent using standard financial industry calculations. The call and put options are all valued using the Black-Scholes option valuation formula. The value of the zero-coupon bond is determined by a present value of the maturity value at an applicable interest rate. For the derivatives valuation the we use a proxy risk-free interest rate (currently SOFR Rates). For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date before November 13, 2023 the bond discount rate is a proxy for the risk-free interest rate (currently SOFR rates). For Cycle Investments that have a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023 the bond discount rate is a proxy for the appropriate credit rate (currently SOFR plus a spread).

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Calculation of Fair Value for Cycle Investments with a Floor Rate and a Cap Rate:

The Fair Value Calculation Agent uses five hypothetical financial instruments to determine the Fair Value of a Cycle Investment during the Cycle Term. These hypothetical financial instruments are constructed to produce a return equal to the proceeds payable on a Cycle Investment on its Cycle End Date. These financial instruments are:

1) A zero-coupon bond with a maturity date equal to the Cycle End Date, plus;

2) An at-the-money call option. This is an option to buy a position in the Index on the Cycle End Date at a strike price equal to the price of the Index on the Cycle Start Date, less;

3) An at-the-money put option. This is an option to sell a position in the Index on the Cycle End Date at a strike price equal to the price of the Index on the Cycle Start Date, less;

4) An out-of-the-money call option. This is an option to buy a position in the Index on the Cycle End Date at a strike price equal to the price of the Index on the Cycle Start Date times (1 + Cap Rate), plus;

5) An out-of-the-money put option. This is an option to sell a position in the Index on the Cycle End Date at a strike price equal to the price of the Index on the Cycle Start Date times (1 + Floor Rate (which is a negative number)).

The formulas for the above components are:

1) Zero coupon bond = (Maturity Value) / [(1 + d)^T]

Whereas; d = the discount interest rate for the term T and T = time until Cycle End Date

2) Black-Scholes formula for a call option = S_te^-yTN(d₁) – Ke-rTN(d₂);

where d₁ = [ln(S_t/K) + (r—y + cr²/2)T] / cr√T

d₂ = d₁ – cr√T

Below are the inputs to calculate the at-the-money call option:

S_t = the index level at the time of the valuation

S₀ = the starting index level

K= strike price which is equal to S₀

N(x) = is cumulative probability function for the standard normal distribution

r = risk free rate for term T less the annual dividend yield for the index

y = dividend yield

T = time until Cycle End Date

cr = volatility of an at-the-money call option on the index that reflects the moneyness and term T at the time of the valuation

3) Black-Scholes formula for a put option = Ke-rTN(-d₂) – S_te^-yTN(-d₁);

where d₁ = [ln(S_t/K) + (r – y + cr²/2)T] / cr√T

d₂ = d₁ – cr√T

B-21

Below are the inputs to calculate the at-the-money put option:

S_t = the index level at the time of the valuation

S₀ = the starting index level

K= strike price which is equal to S₀

N(x) = is cumulative probability function for the standard normal distribution

r = risk free rate for term T less the annual dividend yield for the index

y = dividend yield

T = time until Cycle End Date

cr = volatility of an at-the-money put option on the index that reflects the moneyness and term T at the time of the valuation

4) Black-Scholes formula for a call option = S_te^-yTN(d₁) – Ke-rTN(d₂);

where d₁ = [ln(S_t/K) + (r –y + cr²/2)T] / cr√T

d₂ = d₁ – cr√T

Below are the inputs to calculate the out-of-the-money call option:

S_t = the index level at the time of the valuation

S₀ = the starting index level

K= strike price which is equal to S₀(1 + Cap Rate)

N(x) = is cumulative probability function for the standard normal

distribution

r = risk free rate for term T less the annual dividend yield for the index

y = dividend yield

T = time until Cycle End Date

cr = volatility of an out-the-money call option by the amount of the Cap Rate on the index that reflects the moneyness and term T at the time of the valuation

5) Black-Scholes formula for a put option = Ke-rTN(-d₂) – S_te^-yTN(-d₁);

where d₁ = [ln(St/K) + (r –y + cr²/2)T] / cr√T

d₂ = d₁ – cr√T

Below are the inputs to calculate the out-of-the-money put option:

S_t = the index level at the time of the valuation

S₀ = the starting index level

K= strike price which is equal to S₀(1 - Floor Rate)

N(x) = is cumulative probability function for the standard normal distribution

r = risk free rate for term T less the annual dividend yield on the index

y = dividend yield

T = time until Cycle End Date

cr = volatility of an out-the-money put option by the amount of the Floor Rate on the index that reflects the moneyness and term T at the time of the valuation

B-22

Calculation of Fair Value for Cycle Investments with a Buffer Rate and a Cap Rate:

The Fair Value Calculation Agent uses four hypothetical financial instruments to determine the Fair Value of a Cycle Investment during the Cycle Term. These hypothetical financial instruments are constructed to produce a return equal to the proceeds payable on a Cycle Investment on its Cycle End Date. These financial instruments are:

1) A zero-coupon bond with a maturity date equal to the Cycle End Date, plus;

2) An at-the-money call option. This is an option to buy a position in the Index on the Cycle End Date at a strike price equal to the price of the Index on the Cycle Start Date, less;

3) An out-of-the-money call option. This is an option to buy a position in the Index on the Cycle End Date at a strike price equal to the price of the Index on the Cycle Start Date times (1 + Cap Rate), less;

4) An out-of-the-money put option. This is an option to sell a position in the Index on the Cycle End Date at a strike price equal to the price of the Index on the Cycle Start Date times (1 + Buffer Rate (which is a negative number)).

The formulas for the above components are:

1) Zero coupon bond = (Maturity Value) / [(1 + d)^T]

Whereas; d = the discount rate for term T and T = time until Cycle End Date

2) Black-Scholes formula for a call option = S_te^-yTN(d₁) – Ke-rTN(d₂);

where d₁ = [ln(S_t/k) + (r –y + cr²/2)T] / cr√T

d₂ = d₁ – cr√T

Below are the inputs to calculate the at-the-money call option:

S_t = the index level at the time of the valuation

S₀ = the starting index level

K= strike price which is equal to S₀

N(x) = is cumulative probability function for the standard normal distribution

r = risk free rate for term T less the annual dividend yield for the index

y = dividend yield

T = time until Cycle End Date

cr = volatility of an at-the-money call option on the index that reflects the moneyness and term T at the time of the valuation

3) Black-Scholes formula for a call option = S_te^-yTN(d₁) – Ke-rTN(d₂);

where d₁ = [ln(S_t/k) + (r – y + cr²/2)T] / cr√T

d₂ = d₁ – cr√T

B-23

Below are the inputs to calculate the out-of-the-money call option:

S_t = the index level at the time of the valuation

S₀ = the starting index level

K= strike price which is equal to S₀(1 + Cap Rate)

N(x) = is cumulative probability function for the standard normal distribution

r = risk free rate for term T less the annual dividend yield on the index

y = dividend yield

T = time until Cycle End Date

cr = volatility of an out-the-money call option by the amount of the Cap Rate on the index that reflects the moneyness and term T at the time of the valuation

4) Black-Scholes formula for a put option = Ke-rTN(-d2) – Ste^-yTN(-d₁);

where d₁ = [ln(S_t/k) + (r – y + cr²/2)T] / cr√T

d₂ = d₁ – cr√T

Below are the inputs to calculate the out-of-the-money put option:

S_t = the index level at the time of the valuation

S₀ = the starting index level

K= strike price which is equal to S₀(1 – Buffer Rate)

N(x) = is cumulative probability function for the standard normal distribution

r = risk free rate for term T less the annual dividend yield on the index

y = dividend yield

T = time until Cycle End Date

cr = volatility of an out-the-money put option by the amount of the Buffer Rate on the index that reflects the moneyness and term T at the time of the valuation

Calculation of Fair Value for Cycle Investments with a Buffer Rate and a Participation Rate:

The Fair Value Calculation Agent uses three hypothetical financial instruments to determine the Fair Value of a Cycle Investment during the Cycle Term. These hypothetical financial instruments are constructed to produce a return equal to the proceeds payable on a Cycle Investment on its Cycle End Date. These financial instruments are:

1) A zero-coupon bond with a maturity date equal to the Cycle End Date, plus;

2) An at-the-money call option for an amount equal to the Participation Rate. This is an option to buy a position in the Index on the Cycle End Date at a strike price equal to the price of the Index on the Cycle Start Date, less;

3) An out-of-the-money put option. This is an option to sell a position in the Index on the Cycle End Date at a strike price equal to the price of the Index on the Cycle Start Date times (1 + Buffer Rate (which is a negative number)).

B-24

The formulas for the above components are:

1) Zero coupon bond = (Maturity Value) / [(1 + d)^T]

Whereas; d = the discount rate for term T and T = time until Cycle End Date

2) Black-Scholes formula for a call option times the Participation Rate = (Ste^-yTN(d1) – Ke-rTN(d2)) * Participation Rate;

where d1 = [ln(St/k) + (r – y + cr²/2)T] / cr√T

d2 = d1 – cr√T

Below are the inputs to calculate the at-the-money call option:

St = the Index level at the time of the valuation

S0 = the starting Index level

K= strike price which is equal to S0

N(x) = is cumulative probability function for the standard normal distribution

r = risk free rate for term T less the annual dividend yield for the Index

y = dividend yield

T = time until Cycle End Date

cr = volatility of an at-the-money call option on the Index that reflects the moneyness and term T at the time of the valuation

3) Black-Scholes formula for a put option = Ke-rTN(-d2) – Ste^-yTN(-d1);

where d₁ = [ln(St/k) + (r + cr²/²)T] / cr√T

d₂ = d₁ – cr√T

Below are the inputs to calculate the out-of-the-money put option:

St = the Index level at the time of the valuation

S0 = the starting Index level

K= strike price which is equal to S0(1 – Buffer Rate)

N(x) = is cumulative probability function for the standard normal distribution

r = risk free rate for term T less the annual dividend yield on the Index

T = time until Cycle End Date

cr = volatility of an out-the-money put option by the amount of the Buffer Rate on the Index that reflects the moneyness and term T at the time of the valuation

B-25

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 6-Year Cycle; -10% Floor; Cap Rate Crediting Type with a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023.

Component	6-Year Cycle; -10% Floor			6-Year Cycle; -10% Floor
Cycle Term (in months)		72			72
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			66
Cap Rate		70	%		70	%
Time to End Date (in months)		60			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)		8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)		0.39		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)		2.98		$	3.84
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)		0.00		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)		2.37		$	2.87
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}		7.94		$	8.82
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.17		$	16.48
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	7.94		$	8.82
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.67		$	0.24
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	1.48		$	1.10
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.11		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	1.12		$	0.51
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	9.37		$	9.45
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.17		$	16.42
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	9.37		$	9.45
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,010)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	2.34		$	0.72
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	1.13		$	0.49
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.24		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.85		$	1.18
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	9.99		$	10.21
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.17		$	16.42
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	9.99		$	10.21
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	5.27		$	4.10
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.43		$	0.01
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	1.42		$	0.03
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.32		$	0.00
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	11.91		$	13.87
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.17		$	16.42
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	11.17		$	13.87
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
ATM Call volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
ATM Put volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
OTM Call volatility		15.26	%		15.26	%
OTM Put volatility		22.71	%		22.71	%

B-26

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 3-Year Cycle; -10% Floor; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023.

Component	3-Year Cycle; -10% Floor			3-Year Cycle; -10% Floor
Cycle Term (in months)		36			36
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			30
Cap Rate		30	%		30	%
Time to End Date (in months)		24			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.14		$	9.78
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.04		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	3.36		$	3.82
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.54		$	2.85
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	8.36		$	8.80
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.00		$	12.50
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	8.36		$	8.80
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.14		$	9.78
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.80		$	0.20
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	1.20		$	1.05
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.07		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.79		$	0.47
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	9.46		$	9.41
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.00		$	12.50
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	9.46		$	9.41
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,020)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.14		$	9.78
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.47		$	0.74
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.71		$	0.39
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.24		$	0 01
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.45		$	0.14
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	10.12		$	10.26
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.00		$	12.50
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	10.12		$	10.26
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.14		$	9.78
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	4.56		$	4.12
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.11		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	2.13		$	1.34
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.07		$	0.00
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	11.53		$	12.56
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.00		$	12.50
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	11.00		$	12.50
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		4.58	%		4.58	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.58	%		4.58	%
M Call volatility		19.63	%		19.63	%
ATM Put volatility		19.63	%		19.63	%
OTM Call volatility		14.84	%		14.84	%
OTM Put volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%

B-27

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 1-Year Cycle; -10% Floor; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023.

Component	1-Year Cycle; -10% Floor			1-Year Cycle; -10% Floor
Cycle Term (in months)		12			12
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		2			10
Cap Rate		12	%		12	%
Time to End Date (in months)		10			2
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.57		$	9.91
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	3.64		$	3.93
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.69		$	2.94
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	8.62		$	8.92
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	10.20		$	11.00
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	8.62		$	8.92
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.57		$	9.91
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.29		$	0.02
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.96		$	0.96
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.03		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.52		$	0.27
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	9.37		$	9.25
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	10.20		$	11.00
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	9.37		$	9.25
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,010)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.57		$	9.91
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.82		$	0.36
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.41		$	0.20
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.22		$	0.01
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.21		$	0.02
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	9.96		$	10.09
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	10.20		$	11.00
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	9.96		$	10.09
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.57		$	9.91
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	4.27		$	4.05
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	3.13		$	2.86
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.00		$	0.00
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	10.71		$	11.10
7) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	10.20		$	11.00
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 6) and 7)	$	10.20		$	11.00
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		5.48	%		5.48	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		5.48	%		5.48	%
ATM Call volatility		16.79	%		16.79	%
ATM Put volatility		16.79	%		16.79	%
OTM Call volatility		13.51	%		13.51	%
OTM Put volatility		20.34	%		20.34	%

B-28

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 6-Year Cycle; -20% Buffer; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023.

Component	6-Year Cycle; -20% Buffer			6-Year Cycle; -20% Buffer
Cycle Term (in months)		72			72
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			66
Cap Rate		200	%		200	%
Time to End Date (in months)		60			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.39		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	1.82		$	1.91
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	6.74		$	7.89
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	13.33		$	28.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	6.74		$	7.89
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.67		$	0.24
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.82		$	0.18
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.02		$	9.86
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	13.33		$	28.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	9.90		$	9.86
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,010)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	2.34		$	0.72
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.62		$	0.05
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.90		$	10.47
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	13.33		$	28.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	9.90		$	10.47
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	5.27		$	4.10
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.23		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	13.21		$	13.90
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	13.33		$	28.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	13.21		$	13.90
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
ATM Call volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
OTM Call volatility		8.52	%		8.52	%
OTM Put volatility		24.02	%		24.02	%

B-29

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 6-Year Cycle; -30% Buffer; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023.

Component	6-Year Cycle; -30% Buffer			6-Year Cycle; -30% Buffer
Cycle Term (in months)		72			72
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			66
Cap Rate		80	%		80	%
Time to End Date (in months)		60			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.39		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	1.34		$	1.05
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	7.22		$	8.75
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.33		$	17.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	7.22		$	8.75
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.67		$	0.24
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.06		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.58		$	0.04
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.20		$	9.99
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.33		$	17.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	9.20		$	9.99
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,010)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	2.34		$	0.72
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.15		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.43		$	0.01
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.93		$	10.51
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.33		$	17.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	9.93		$	10.51
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.17		$	9.80
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	5.27		$	4.10
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	1.07		$	0.01
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.16		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	12.21		$	13.90
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	11.33		$	17.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	11.33		$	13.90
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
ATM Call volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
OTM Call volatility		14.59	%		14.59	%
OTM Put volatility		25.48	%		25.45	%

B-30

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 3-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023.

Component	3-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer			3-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer
Cycle Term (in months)		36			36
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			30
Cap Rate		100	%		100	%
Time to End Date (in months)		24			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.14		$	9.78
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.04		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.54		$	2.85
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	6.65		$	6.93
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	13.33		$	18.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	6.65		$	6.93
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.14		$	9.78
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.80		$	0.20
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.79		$	0.47
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.15		$	9.51
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	13.33		$	18.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	9.15		$	9.51
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,010)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.14		$	9.78
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.41		$	0.68
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.48		$	0.15
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	10.08		$	10.30
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	13.33		$	18.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	10.08		$	10.30
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.14		$	9.78
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	4.56		$	4.12
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.04		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.07		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	13.60		$	13.90
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	13.33		$	18.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	13.33		$	13.90
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		4.85	%		4.58	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.58	%		4.58	%
ATM Call volatility		19.63	%		19.63	%
OTM Call volatility		11.69	%		11.69	%
OTM Put volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%

B-31

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 1-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date prior to November 13, 2023.

Component	1-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer			1-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer
Cycle Term (in months)		12			12
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		2			10
Cap Rate		16	%		16	%
Time to End Date (in months)		10			2
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.57		$	9.91
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.69		$	2.94
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	6.87		$	6.98
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	10.27		$	11.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	6.87		$	6.98
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.57		$	9.91
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.29		$	0.02
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.01		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.52		$	0.27
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.33		$	9.66
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	10.27		$	11.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	9.33		$	9.66
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,010)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.57		$	9.91
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.82		$	0.36
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.11		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.21		$	0.02
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	10.07		$	10.25
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	10.27		$	11.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	10.07		$	10.25
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.57		$	9.91
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	4.27		$	4.05
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	2.75		$	2.47
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.00		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	11.08		$	11.50
6) Proportional Cap Rate = $10 * (1 + Cap Rate * (Valuation Date / Cycle Term))	$	10.27		$	11.33
Cycle Investment Unit Value = Lessor 5) and 6)	$	10.27		$	11.33
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		5.48	%		5.48	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		5.48	%		5.48	%
ATM Call volatility		16.79	%		16.79	%
OTM Call volatility		12.29	%		12.29	%
OTM Put volatility		20.34	%		20.34	%

B-32

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 6-Year Cycle; -10% Floor; Cap Rate Crediting Type with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	6-Year Cycle; -10% Floor			6-Year Cycle; -10% Floor
Cycle Term (in months)		72			72
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			66
Cap Rate		70	%		70	%
Time to End Date (in months)		60			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)		8.40		$	9.83
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)		0.39		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	2.98		$	3.84
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.37		$	2.87
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	8.17		$	8.85
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.40		$	9.83
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.67		$	0.24
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	1.48		$	1.10
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.11		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	1.12		$	0.51
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	9.60		$	9.47
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,100)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.40		$	9.83
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	2.95		$	1.34
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.90		$	0.22
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.41		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.67		$	0.07
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	10.72		$	11.01
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.40		$	9.83
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	5.27		$	4.10
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.43		$	0.01
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	1.42		$	0.03
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.32		$	0.00
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	12.14		$	13.89
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		3.55	%		3.55	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
ATM Call volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
ATM Put volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
OTM Call volatility		15.26	%		15.26	%
OTM Put volatility		22.71	%		22.71	%

B-33

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 3-Year Cycle; -10% Floor; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	3-Year Cycle; -10% Floor			3-Year Cycle; -10% Floor
Cycle Term (in months)		36			36
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			30
Cap Rate		30	%		30	%
Time to End Date (in months)		24			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.30		$	9.82
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.04		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at- the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	3.36		$	3.82
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.54		$	2.85
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	8.52		$	8.84
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.30		$	9.82
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.80		$	0.20
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	1.20		$	1.05
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.07		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.79		$	0.47
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	9.62		$	9.45
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,100)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.30		$	9.82
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	2.03		$	1.31
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.49		$	0.17
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.46		$	0.04
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.31		$	0.05
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	10.68		$	10.97
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.30		$	9.82
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	4.56		$	4.12
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.11		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	2.13		$	1.34
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.07		$	0.00
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	11.69		$	12.60
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		3.70	%		3.70	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.58	%		4.58	%
ATM Call volatility		19.63	%		19.63	%
ATM Put volatility		19.63	%		19.63	%
OTM Call volatility		14.84	%		14.84	%
OTM Put volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%

B-34

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 1-Year Cycle; -10% Floor; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	1-Year Cycle; -10% Floor			1-Year Cycle; -10% Floor
Cycle Term (in months)		12			12
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		2			10
Cap Rate		12	%		12	%
Time to End Date (in months)		10			2
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.68		$	9.93
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	3.64		$	3.93
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.69		$	2.94
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	8.73		$	8.94
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.68		$	9.93
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.29		$	0.02
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.96		$	0.96
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.03		$	0.00
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.52		$	0.27
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	9.49		$	9.27
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,100)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.68		$	9.93
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.48		$	1.08
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.18		$	0.02
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.61		$	0.18
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.09		$	0.00
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	10.46		$	10.81
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.68		$	9.93
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	4.27		$	4.05
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	3.13		$	2.86
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.00		$	0.00
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	10.82		$	11.12
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		4.00	%		4.00	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		5.48	%		5.48	%
ATM Call volatility		16.79	%		16.79	%
ATM Put volatility		16.79	%		16.79	%
OTM Call volatility		13.51	%		13.51	%
OTM Put volatility		20.34	%		20.34	%

B-35

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 6-Year Cycle; -20% Buffer; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	6-Year Cycle; -20% Buffer			6-Year Cycle; -20% Buffer
Cycle Term (in months)		72			72
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			66
Cap Rate		200	%		200	%
Time to End Date (in months)		60			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.47		$	9.84
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.39		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	1.82		$	1.91
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	7.04		$	7.93
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.47		$	9.84
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.67		$	0.24
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.82		$	0.18
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.32		$	9.89
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,100)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.47		$	9.84
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	2.95		$	1.34
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.49		$	0.02
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	10.94		$	11.16
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.47		$	9.84
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	5.27		$	4.10
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.23		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	13.51		$	13.94
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		3.38	%		3.38	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
ATM Call volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
OTM Call volatility		8.52	%		8.52	%
OTM Put volatility		24.02	%		24.02	%

B-36

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 6-Year Cycle; -30% Buffer; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	6-Year Cycle; -30% Buffer			6-Year Cycle; -30% Buffer
Cycle Term (in months)		72			72
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			66
Cap Rate		80	%		80	%
Time to End Date (in months)		60			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.50		$	9.84
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.39		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	1.34		$	1.05
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	7.54		$	8.79
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.50		$	9.84
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.67		$	0.24
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.06		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.58		$	0.04
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.52		$	10.03
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,100)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.50		$	9.84
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	2.95		$	1.34
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.26		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.34		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	10.85		$	11.18
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.50		$	9.84
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	5.27		$	4.10
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	1.07		$	0.01
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.16		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	12.54		$	13.94
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		3.31	%		3.31	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
ATM Call volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
OTM Call volatility		14.59	%		14.59	%
OTM Put volatility		25.45	%		25.45	%

B-37

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 3-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	3-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer			3-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer
Cycle Term (in months)		36			36
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		12			30
Cap Rate		100	%		100	%
Time to End Date (in months)		24			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.27		$	9.81
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.04		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.54		$	2.85
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	6.77		$	6.96
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.27		$	9.81
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.80		$	0.20
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.79		$	0.47
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.27		$	9.54
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,100)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.27		$	9.81
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	2.03		$	1.31
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.31		$	0.05
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	10.99		$	11.07
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.27		$	9.81
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	4.56		$	4.12
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.04		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.07		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	13.72		$	13.93
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		3.89	%		3.89	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.58	%		4.58	%
ATM Call volatility		19.63	%		19.63	%
OTM Call volatility		11.69	%		11.69	%
OTM Put volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%

B-38

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 1-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	1-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer			1-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer
Cycle Term (in months)		12			12
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		2			10
Cap Rate		16	%		16	%
Time to End Date (in months)		10			2
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.62		$	9.92
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.00		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.69		$	2.94
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	6.92		$	6.99
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.62		$	9.92
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.29		$	0.02
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.01		$	0.00
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.52		$	0.27
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	9.38		$	9.68
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,100)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.62		$	9.92
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.48		$	1.08
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.38		$	0.05
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.09		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	10.62		$	10.95
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.62		$	9.92
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	4.27		$	4.05
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	2.75		$	2.47
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.00		$	0.00
5) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4)}	$	11.14		$	11.51
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		4.80	%		4.80	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		5.48	%		5.48	%
ATM Call volatility		16.79	%		16.79	%
OTM Call volatility		12.29	%		12.29	%
OTM Put volatility		20.34	%		20.34	%

B-39

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 6-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer; Par Rate with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	6-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer			6-Year Cycle; -10% Buffer
Cycle Term (in months)		12			12
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		2			10
Participation Rate		110	%		110	%
Time to End Date (in months)		10			2
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 600)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.45		$	9.83
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call) * Participation %	$	0.43		$	0.00
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	2.37		$	2.87
4) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3)}	$	6.51		$	6.97
Assuming Change in Index Value -10% (for example from 1,000 to 900)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.45		$	9.83
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call) * Participation %	$	1.84		$	0.26
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	1.12		$	0.51
4) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3)}	$	9.17		$	9.58
Assuming Change in Index Value +10% (for example from 1,000 to 1,100)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.45		$	9.83
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call) * Participation %	$	3.25		$	1.47
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.67		$	0.07
4) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3)}	$	11.03		$	11.24
Assuming Change in Index Value +40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,400)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	8.45		$	9.83
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call) * Participation %	$	5.80		$	4.51
3) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.32		$	0.00
4) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3)}	$	13.93		$	14.35
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		3.43	%		3.43	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
ATM Call volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
OTM Put volatility		22.71	%		22.71	%

B-40

Examples: Fair Value when market inputs change after issue versus if market inputs are the same as from issue.

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 6-Year Cycle; -10% Floor; Cap Rate Crediting Type with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	6-Year Cycle; -10% Floor			6-Year Cycle; -10% Floor
Cycle Term (in months)		72			72
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		6			24
Cap Rate		70	%		70	%
Time to End Date (in months)		66			48
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,050)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)		8.26		$	7.91
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)		2.72		$	2.36
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	1.04		$	0.96
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.37		$	0.19
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.79		$	0.69
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	10.35		$	9.81
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		3.55	%		6.05	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.13	%		4.13	%
ATM Call volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
ATM Put volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%
OTM Call volatility		15.26	%		15.26	%
OTM Put volatility		22.71	%		22.71	%

B-41

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 3-Year Cycle; -10% Floor; Cap Rate Crediting Type with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	3-Year Cycle; -10% Floor			3-Year Cycle; -10% Floor
Cycle Term (in months)		36			36
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		6			12
Cap Rate		30	%		30	%
Time to End Date (in months)		30			24
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,020)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.13		$	8.87
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	1.66		$	1.47
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at- the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.77		$	0.71
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.35		$	0.24
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.52		$	0.45
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	10.19		$	9.84
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		3.70	%		6.20	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		4.58	%		4.58	%
ATM Call volatility		19.63	%		19.63	%
ATM Put volatility		19.63	%		19.63	%
OTM Call volatility		14.84	%		14.84	%
OTM Put volatility		21.50	%		21.50	%

B-42

Examples Fair Value Per Cycle Investment Unit: 1-Year Cycle; -10% Floor; Cap Rate with a Cycle Start Date on or after November 13, 2023.

Component	1-Year Cycle; -10% Floor			1-Year Cycle; -10% Floor
Cycle Term (in months)		12			12
Valuation Date (months since Cycle Start Date)		2			6
Cap Rate		12	%		12	%
Time to End Date (in months)		10			6
Assuming Change in Index Value -40% (for example from 1,000 to 1,010)
1) Fair Value hypothetical zero coupon bond (Bond)	$	9.68		$	9.68
2) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money call option (ATM Call)	$	0.82		$	0.63
3) Fair Value of hypothetical at-the-money put option (ATM Put)	$	0.41		$	0.34
4) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money call option (OTM Call)	$	0.22		$	0.10
5) Fair Value of hypothetical out-of-the-money put option (OTM Put)	$	0.21		$	0.13
6) Fair Value {1) + 2) - 3) - 4) + 5)}	$	10.08		$	9.99
Input Values used above as follows
Bond discount rate		4.00	%		6.75	%
Annual dividend yield		1.48	%		1.48	%
Risk free rate		5.48	%		5.48	%
ATM Call volatility		16.79	%		16.79	%
ATM Put volatility		16.79	%		16.79	%
OTM Call volatility		13.51	%		13.51	%
OTM Put volatility		20.34	%		20.34	%

B-43

The Statement of Additional Information (SAI) can provide you with more detailed information about the Contract, Midland National Life Insurance Company and the Midland National Life Separate Account C, including more information about commissions and distribution expenses. For more information about the Contract and/or a free copy of the SAI or prospectus, contact your registered representative or our Customer Service Center at:

Sammons Retirement Solutions

P.O. Box 9261

Des Moines, IA 50306-9261 (Regular Mail)

Sammons Retirement Solutions 8300 Mills Civic Parkway

West Des Moines, IA 50266-3833 (Overnight Mail) Phone: (866) 747-3421

Facsimile: (866) 511-7038

Reports and other information about Midland National Life Insurance Company and Midland National Life Separate Account C are available on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at http://www.sec.gov. You may obtain copies of this information, upon your payment of a duplicating fee, by electronic request at this e-mail address: publicinfo@sec.gov.

Dealer Prospectus Delivery Obligations:

All dealers that effect transactions in these securities are required to deliver a prospectus.

EDGAR Contract Identifier No. C000228204

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution

The following is a list of the estimated expenses to be incurred in connection with the securities being offered.

Registration Fees	$	69,541.40
Estimated Printing Fees	$	10,000.00
Estimated Legal Fees	$	150,000.00
Estimated Accounting Fees	$	150,000.00

Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers

The by-laws of Midland National provide, in Article VII, as follows:

a) “The corporation shall, to the fullest extent permitted by the Iowa Business Corporation Act, as the same may be amended, indemnify every person who is, or was a director, officer or employee of the corporation, or any other corporation which he serves as such at the request of the corporation, from and against any and all liability and reasonable expenses that may be incurred in connection with or resulting from any claim, action, suit or other proceeding in which he may be involved as a party or otherwise, by reason of his being a director, officer or employee, whether or not he continues to be such as the time such liability or expense shall have been incurred.

b) The right of indemnification in this Section shall be in addition to any other right to which such director, officer or employee may otherwise be entitled by contract, vote of either stockholders or disinterested directors or as a matter of law; and in the event of such person’s death, such rights shall extend to his heirs and legal representatives. The provisions of this Section as severable, and if any provision be held invalid, all other provisions are fully in effect and the invalid provision shall only be curtailed to the extent necessary to make it enforceable to the fullest extent allowed by law.

c) Expenses including attorney’s fees may be advanced to such director, officer or employee as may be determined by the Board of Directors.

d) The Board of Directors, by majority vote, may elect to indemnify other agents of the corporation on a case-by-case basis.”

Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

Not applicable

Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a) Exhibits No.

(1)(a)	Distribution Agreement between Sammons Financial Network, LLC and Midland National Life Insurance Company5
(2)	Plan of Acquisition, Reorganization, Arrangement, Liquidation or Succession—Not Applicable
(3)(a)	Articles of Incorporation of Midland National Life Insurance Company1
(b)	By-Laws of Midland National Life Insurance Company1
(4)(a)	Form of Registered Index-Linked and Variable Annuity Contract3

II-1

(b)	Form of Application for Registered Index-Linked and Variable Annuity Contract 3
(c)	Form of Return of Death Benefit Rider7
(d)	Form of Waiver of Surrender Charge Rider7
(e)	Form of Participation Rate Crediting Type Endorsement7
(5)	Opinion and Consent of Counsel7
(8)	Opinion re Tax Matters—Not applicable
(9)	Voting Trust Agreement—Not applicable
(10)	IHS Markit Master Agreement, effective as of August  12, 2019, between Markit North America Inc. and Sammons Financial Group, Inc.3
(15)	Letter re Unaudited Interim Financial Information—Not applicable
(16)	Letter re Change in Certifying Accountant—Not applicable
(21)	Subsidiaries of the Registrant4
(23)(a)	Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm7
(24)(a)	Powers of Attorney6
107	Calculation of Filing Fee Table6
1.	Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 5 for Form N-4 on February 23, 1998 (File No. 33-64016).
2.	Incorporated herein by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 for Form N-4 on December 15, 2011 (File No. 333-176870).
3.	Incorporated herein by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 for Form N-4 on December 9, 2021 (File No. 333-255058).
4.	Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 18 for Form N-4 on April 26, 2021 (File No. 333-176870).
5.	Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 for Form S-1 on April 29, 2022 (File No. 333-254710).
6.	Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 for Form S-1 on April 18, 2023 (File No. 333-255059).
7.	Filed herein.

(b) Financial Statement Schedules are included in Part I of this Registration Statement.

Item 17. Undertakings

(a) The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933;

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the

II-2

aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) (§ 230.424(b) of this chapter) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement.

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(4) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser, if the registrant is subject to Rule 430C (§230.430C of this chapter), each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A (§ 230.430A of this chapter), shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability of the registrant under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities: The undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: (i) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424 (§ 230.424 of this chapter); (ii) any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; (iii) the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and (iv) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(b) Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

II-3

EXHIBIT INDEX

Item	Exhibit
16(4)(c)	Form of Return of Death Benefit Rider
16(4)(d)	Form of Return of Surrender Charge Rider
16(4)(e)	Form of Participation Rate Crediting Type Endorsement
16(5)	Opinion and Consent of Counsel
16(23)(a)	Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, the Registrant, Midland National Life Insurance Company, has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized, in Des Moines, Iowa on this thirteenth day of November, 2023.

By: MIDLAND NATIONAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY (REGISTRANT)
By:	/s/ *
	ESFANDYAR E. DINSHAW
	Chairman of the Board

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

Signatures	Title
/S/ * ESFANDYAR E. DINSHAW	President, Chairman of the Board of Directors, Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
/S/ * DAVID C. ATTAWAY	Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer (Principal Financial & Accounting Officer)
/S/ * DARRON K. ASH	Director
/S/ * WILLARD BUNN, III	Director
/S/ * JAMES RODERICK CLARK	Director
/S/ * THOMAS J. CORCORAN	Director
/S/ * SUSAN T. DEAKINS	Director
/S/ * GEORGE A. FISK	Director
/S/ * WILLIAM D. HEINZ	Director
/S/ * WILLIAM L. LOWE	Director
/S/ * MICHAEL M. MASTERSON	Director
/S/ * ROBERT R. TEKOLSTE	Director

*By:	/s/ Brett L. Agnew	November 13, 2023
	Brett L. Agnew
	Attorney-in-Fact
	Pursuant to Power of Attorney