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Segments and Geographic Information
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2020
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segments and Geographic Information Segments and Geographic Information
In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, we disaggregate our operations into two reportable segments: Sirius XM and Pandora. The financial results of these segments are utilized by the chief operating decision maker, who is our Chief Executive Officer, for evaluating segment performance and allocating resources. We report our segment information based on the "management" approach. The management approach designates the internal reporting used by management for making decisions and assessing performance as the source of our reportable segments. For additional information on our segments refer to Note 1.
Segment results include the revenues and cost of services which are directly attributable to each segment. There are no indirect revenues or costs incurred that are allocated to the segments. There are planned intersegment advertising campaigns which will be eliminated. We had less than $1 of intersegment advertising revenue during both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.
Segment revenue and gross profit were as follows during the periods presented:
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Sirius XMPandoraTotal
Revenue
Subscriber revenue$1,462 $132 $1,594 
Advertising revenue39 306 345 
Equipment revenue47 — 47 
Other revenue39 — 39 
Total revenue1,587 438 2,025 
Cost of services (a)
(610)(274)(884)
Segment gross profit$977 $164 $1,141 
The reconciliation between reportable segment gross profit to consolidated income before income tax is as follows:
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2020
Segment Gross Profit$1,141 
Subscriber acquisition costs(110)
Sales and marketing (a)
(205)
Engineering, design and development (a)
(53)
General and administrative (a)
(112)
Depreciation and amortization(125)
Share-based payment expense(58)
Total other (expense) income(134)
Consolidated income before income taxes$344 
(a)     Share-based payment expense of $11 related to cost of services, $17 related to sales and marketing, $11 related to engineering, design and development and $19 related to general and administrative has been excluded.
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Sirius XMPandoraTotal
Revenue
Subscriber revenue$1,424 $132 $1,556 
Advertising revenue51 315 366 
Equipment revenue45 — 45 
Other revenue44 — 44 
Total revenue1,564 447 2,011 
Cost of services (b)
(597)(273)(870)
Segment gross profit$967 $174 $1,141 
    The reconciliation between reportable segment gross profit to consolidated income before income tax is as follows:
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2019
Segment Gross Profit$1,141 
Subscriber acquisition costs(101)
Sales and marketing (b)
(210)
Engineering, design and development (b)
(63)
General and administrative (b)
(108)
Depreciation and amortization(118)
Share-based payment expense(65)
Total other (expense) income(160)
Consolidated income before income taxes$316 
(b)     Share-based payment expense of $11 related to cost of services, $23 related to sales and marketing, $15 related to engineering, design and development and $16 related to general and administrative has been excluded.
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Sirius XMPandoraTotal
Revenue
Subscriber revenue$4,372 $385 $4,757 
Advertising revenue108 758 866 
Equipment revenue113 — 113 
Other revenue115 — 115 
Total revenue4,708 1,143 5,851 
Cost of services (c)
(1,796)(783)(2,579)
Segment gross profit$2,912 $360 $3,272 
The reconciliation between reportable segment gross profit to consolidated income before income tax is as follows:
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2020
Segment Gross Profit$3,272 
Subscriber acquisition costs(257)
Sales and marketing (c)
(614)
Engineering, design and development (c)
(165)
General and administrative (c)
(305)
Depreciation and amortization(381)
Share-based payment expense(165)
Acquisition and restructuring costs(24)
Total other (expense) income(327)
Consolidated income before income taxes$1,034 
(c)     Share-based payment expense of $32 related to cost of services, $50 related to sales and marketing, $31 related to engineering, design and development and $52 related to general and administrative has been excluded.

For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Sirius XMPandoraTotal
Revenue
Subscriber revenue$4,196 $355 $4,551 
Advertising revenue149 784 933 
Equipment revenue127 — 127 
Other revenue121 — 121 
Total revenue4,593 1,139 5,732 
Cost of services (d)
(1,761)(720)(2,481)
Segment gross profit$2,832 $419 $3,251 
    The reconciliation between reportable segment gross profit to consolidated income before income tax is as follows:
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2019
Segment Gross Profit$3,251 
Subscriber acquisition costs(313)
Sales and marketing (d)
(591)
Engineering, design and development (d)
(169)
General and administrative (d)
(332)
Depreciation and amortization(344)
Share-based payment expense(171)
Acquisition and restructuring costs(83)
Total other (expense) income(350)
Consolidated income before income taxes$898 
(d)     Share-based payment expense of $30 related to cost of services, $57 related to sales and marketing, $37 related to engineering, design and development and $47 related to general and administrative has been excluded.
A measure of segment assets is not currently provided to the Chief Executive Officer and has therefore not been provided.
As of September 30, 2020, long-lived assets were predominantly located in the United States. No individual foreign country represented a material portion of our consolidated revenue during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2020 and 2019.