New Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)." Under this guidance, a lease is a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Lessees will be required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for leases with a term more than 12 months, including operating leases defined under previous GAAP. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018.

The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 842 as of January 1, 2019, using the optional transition method provided in ASU No. 2018-11, "Leases (Topic 842): Targeted Improvements." Under this method, the Company recorded an adjustment as of the effective date and did not include any retrospective adjustments to comparative periods to reflect the adoption of ASC 842. In addition, the Company elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within ASC 842, which among other things, does not require the Company to reassess whether existing contracts contain leases, classification of leases identified, nor classification and treatment of initial direct costs capitalized under ASC 840. The Company also elected the practical expedients to combine the lease and non-lease components. The Company did not elect the practical expedient to apply hindsight as part of the leases evaluation. Additionally, the Company elected the practical expedient under ASU No. 2018-01, "Leases (Topic 842): Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842", which allows an entity to not reassess whether any existing land easements are or contain leases.

The majority of the Company’s global lease portfolio represents leases of real estate, such as manufacturing facilities, warehouses, and office buildings, while the remainder represents leases of personal property, such as vehicle leases, manufacturing and IT equipment. The Company determines whether a contract is or contains a lease at contract inception. The majority of the Company's lease arrangements are comprised of fixed payments and a limited number of these arrangements include a variable payment component based on certain index fluctuations.

Adoption of ASC 842 resulted in the recording of lease right-of-use assets ("lease assets") and lease liabilities of approximately $104 million and $103 million, respectively, as of January 1, 2019. The adoption did not impact consolidated net earnings and had no impact on cash flows.

The changes made to our Consolidated Balance Sheet as of January 1, 2019 for the adoption of ASC 842 were as follows:



(in millions)	Balance at December 31, 2018		Adjustments due to ASC 842		Balance at January 1, 2019
Other non-current assets	$	502	$	104	$	606
Accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	2,144	$	23	$	2,167
Other non-current liabilities	$	357	$	80	$	437

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-07, "Compensation - Stock Compensation (Topic 718)." It expands the scope of the employee share-based payments guidance, which currently only includes share-based payments issued to employees, to also include share-based payments issued to nonemployees for goods and services. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2019 and there was no impact to the consolidated financial statements.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-15, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40)." It requires implementation costs incurred by customers in cloud computing arrangements to be deferred and recognized over the term of the arrangement, if those costs would be capitalized by the customer in a software licensing arrangement under the internal-use software guidance (Subtopic 350-40). This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the impact of this guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2018-14, "Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20)." The new standard (i) requires the removal of disclosures that are no longer considered cost beneficial; (ii) clarifies specific requirements of certain disclosures; and (iii) adds new disclosure requirements, including the weighted average interest crediting rates for cash balance plans and other plans with promised interest crediting rates, and reasons for significant gains and losses related to changes in the benefit obligation. This guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2020 and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently assessing the guidance and will include enhanced disclosures in the consolidated financial statements upon adoption.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, "Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820)." It removes disclosure requirements on fair value measurements including the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy, the policy for timing of transfers between levels, and the valuation processes for Level 3 fair value measurements. It also amends and clarifies certain disclosures and adds new disclosure requirements including the changes in unrealized gains and losses for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 fair value measurements, and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements. This guidance is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019. An entity is permitted to early adopt any removed or modified disclosures and delay adoption of the additional disclosures until the effective date. The Company is currently assessing the guidance and does not expect this guidance to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, "Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326)." It replaces the current incurred loss impairment method with a new method that reflects expected credit losses. Under this new model an entity would recognize an impairment allowance equal to its current estimate of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this guidance will have on its consolidated financial statements.