XML 48 R24.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.19.2
Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Basis of Presentation
Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Libbey Inc. and its majority-owned subsidiaries (collectively, Libbey or the Company) have been prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (U.S. GAAP) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Item 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (including normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three month and six month periods ended June 30, 2019, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2019.

The balance sheet at December 31, 2018, has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The financial information included herein should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018.
Software
Software We account for software in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 350. Software represents the costs of internally developed and/or purchased software for internal use. Capitalized costs include software packages, installation and internal labor costs of employees devoted to the software development project. Costs incurred to modify existing software, providing significant enhancements and creating additional functionality are also capitalized. Once a project is complete, we estimate the useful life of the internal-use software, generally amortizing these costs over a 3 to 10 year period. Software is classified on the balance sheet in property, plant and equipment, and the related cash flows are shown as cash outflows from investing activities.
Cloud Computing Arrangements
Cloud Computing Arrangements We account for implementation costs for software that we gain access to in hosted cloud computing arrangements in accordance with FASB ASC 350. Capitalized costs of hosted cloud computing arrangements include configuration, installation, other upfront costs and internal labor costs of employees devoted to the cloud computing software implementation project. Once a project is complete, amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the term of the associated hosting arrangement, generally 3 to 10 years. In connection with our adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2018-15 on January 1, 2019, these implementation costs are now classified on the balance sheet in prepaid and other current assets and other assets, and the related cash flows are presented as cash outflows from operations. Prior to January 1, 2019, implementation costs were included in property, plant and equipment, and the related cash flows were shown as cash outflows from investing activities.
Leases
Leases We determine if an arrangement is a lease at inception. As of January 1, 2019, operating leases are included in operating lease right-of-use (ROU) assets, current operating lease liabilities and noncurrent operating lease liabilities in our balance sheet; related payments are included in operating activities on the statement of cash flows. We currently do not have any finance leases; but, if we do in the future, we will include them in property, plant and equipment, long-term debt due within one year and long-term debt within our balance sheet.

ROU assets represent our right to use an underlying asset for the lease term, and lease liabilities represent our obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the estimated present value of lease payments over the lease term.

When our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate, which is derived from information available at the lease commencement date, in determining the present value of lease payments. We give consideration to our secured borrowing rates as well as publicly available data for instruments with similar characteristics when calculating our incremental borrowing rates.

The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease prepayments made before commencement or in advance of the payment due date. Our lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Leases with a term of 12 months or less (short-term leases) are not recorded on the balance sheet. Our lease agreements do not contain any residual value guarantees or material restrictive covenants. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. Variable lease costs represent the incremental change in lease payments associated with an indexed rate (i.e. Consumers Price Index), and these costs are not included in the lease liability on the balance sheet because they are unknown at commencement date.

We have lease agreements with lease and non-lease components. Non-lease components for real estate leases relate primarily to common area maintenance, insurance, taxes and utilities associated with the properties. For real estate leases and a limited class of equipment leases, we account for the lease and non-lease components separately. Non-lease components are not recorded on the balance sheet as a ROU asset and lease liability and are not included in lease costs. For all other equipment leases, we account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease component.
New Accounting Standards
New Accounting Standards - Adopted

Each change to U.S. GAAP is established by the FASB in the form of an ASU to the FASB’s ASC. We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and either were determined to be not applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which requires a lessee to recognize on the balance sheet ROU assets and corresponding liabilities for both finance and operating leases with lease terms greater than 12 months. On January 1, 2019, we adopted this standard using the optional transition method of applying the modified retrospective approach at our adoption date. Under this method, previously reported comparative periods prior to 2019 have not been restated. We have elected the package of practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance, which allowed us to carry forward our prior conclusions on existing contracts for lease identification, lease classification and initial direct costs. In addition, for most of our classes of equipment leases, we elected the practical expedient to not separate lease and non-lease components. We also made an accounting policy election to keep leases with a term of 12 months or less off of the balance sheet for all classes of underlying assets. At adoption, we had operating leases which resulted in us recognizing operating ROU assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet of approximately $69 million. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on our condensed consolidated results of operations or cash flows, and there was no cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings. The new standard also required additional disclosures which are included in note 13.

On January 1, 2019, we early adopted ASU 2018-15, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract. This standard aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs in a cloud computing arrangement service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred for internal-use software. The new guidance also prescribes the balance sheet, income statement and cash flow classification of the capitalized implementation costs and related amortization expense, and requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures. Prior to January 1, 2019, implementation costs for cloud computing arrangements were capitalized into property, plant and equipment and amortized on a straight-line basis. Upon adoption of this new standard, we reclassed $2.8 million from construction in progress within property, plant, and equipment to other assets. When implementation projects are completed and amortization of capitalized costs begins, a portion is recorded in prepaids and other current assets. Results and disclosures for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2019, are presented under the new guidance within ASU 2018-15, while prior period amounts and disclosures are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with our previous accounting.

New Accounting Standards - Not Yet Adopted

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. This standard introduces a new approach to estimating credit losses on certain types of financial instruments, including trade receivables, and modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early application permitted. Although we are still evaluating the impact of this standard, we believe it will not have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Income Tax, Policy
For interim tax reporting, we estimate our annual effective tax rate and apply it to our year-to-date ordinary income. Tax jurisdictions with a projected or year-to-date loss for which a tax benefit cannot be realized are excluded from the annualized effective tax rate. The tax effects of unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, are reported in the interim period in which they occur.
Earnings Per Share, Policy
When applicable, diluted shares outstanding is calculated using the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding plus the dilutive effects of equity-based compensation outstanding during the period using the treasury stock method.
Derivatives, Policy
Derivatives
We utilize derivative financial instruments to hedge certain interest rate risks associated with our long-term debt and commodity price risks associated with forecasted future natural gas requirements. These derivatives qualify for hedge accounting since the hedges are highly effective, and we have designated and documented contemporaneously the hedging relationships involving these derivative instruments. While we intend to continue to meet the conditions for hedge accounting, if hedges do not qualify as highly effective or if we do not believe that forecasted transactions would occur, the changes in the fair value of the derivatives used as hedges would be reflected in our earnings. Our contracts with counterparties generally contain right of offset provisions. These provisions effectively reduce our exposure to credit risk in situations where the Company has gain and loss positions outstanding with a single counterparty. It is our policy to offset on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets the amounts recognized for derivative instruments executed with the same counterparty under a master netting agreement.

Segment Reporting, Policy
Segments

Our reporting segments align with our regionally focused organizational structure, which we believe enables us to better serve customers across the globe. Under this structure, we report financial results for U.S. and Canada; Latin America; Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA); and Other. Segment results are based primarily on the geographical destination of the sale. Our three reportable segments are defined below. Our operating segment that does not meet the criteria to be a reportable segment is disclosed as Other.

U.S. & Canada—includes sales of manufactured and sourced tableware having an end-market destination in the U.S and Canada, excluding glass products for Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM), which remain in the Latin America segment.

Latin America—includes primarily sales of manufactured and sourced glass tableware having an end-market destination in Latin America, as well as glass products for OEMs regardless of end–market destination.

EMEA—includes primarily sales of manufactured and sourced glass tableware having an end-market destination in Europe, the Middle East and Africa.

Other—includes primarily sales of manufactured and sourced glass tableware having an end-market destination in Asia Pacific.

Our measure of profit for our reportable segments is Segment Earnings before Interest and Taxes (Segment EBIT) and excludes amounts related to certain items we consider not representative of ongoing operations as well as certain retained corporate costs and other allocations that are not considered by management when evaluating performance. Segment EBIT also includes an allocation of manufacturing costs for inventory produced at a Libbey facility that is located in a region other than the end market in which the inventory is sold. This allocation can fluctuate from year to year based on the relative demands for products produced in regions other than the end markets in which they are sold. We use Segment EBIT, along with net sales and selected cash flow information, to evaluate performance and to allocate resources. Segment EBIT for reportable segments includes an allocation of some corporate expenses based on the costs of services performed.

Certain activities not related to any particular reportable segment are reported within retained corporate costs. These costs include certain headquarter, administrative and facility costs, and other costs that are global in nature and are not allocable to the reporting segments.

The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in note 2. We do not have any customers who represent 10 percent or more of total sales. Inter-segment sales are consummated at arm’s length and are reflected at end-market reporting below.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments, Policy
The fair values of our commodity futures natural gas contracts are determined using observable market inputs. The fair value of our interest rate swaps are based on the market standard methodology of netting the discounted expected future variable cash receipts and the discounted future fixed cash payments. The variable cash receipts are based on an expectation of future interest rates derived from observed market interest rate forward curves. Since these inputs are observable in active markets over the terms that the instruments are held, the derivatives are classified as Level 2 in the hierarchy. We also evaluate Company and counterparty risk in determining fair values. The commodity futures natural gas contracts and interest rate swaps are hedges of either recorded assets or liabilities or anticipated transactions.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets, Policy
The inputs used for this analysis are considered Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy (see note 12).
Indefinite life intangible assets are composed of trade names and trademarks that have an indefinite life and are therefore individually tested for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently in certain circumstances where impairment indicators arise, in accordance with FASB ASC 350. Our on-going assessment of goodwill as of June 30, 2019 resulted in the need to test Libbey Holland's indefinite life intangible asset (Royal Leerdam® trade name) for impairment. We used a relief from royalty method to determine the fair market value that was compared to the carrying value of the indefinite life intangible asset.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Goodwill, Policy
When performing our test for impairment, we measured each reporting unit's fair value using a combination of "income" and "market" approaches on a shipping point basis. The income approach calculates the fair value of the reporting unit based on a discounted cash flow analysis, incorporating the weighted average cost of capital of a hypothetical third-party buyer. Significant estimates in the income approach include the following: discount rate; expected financial outlook and profitability of the reporting unit's business; and foreign currency impacts (all Level 3 inputs in the fair value hierarchy). Discount rates use the weighted average cost of capital for companies within our peer group, adjusted for specific company risk premium factors. The market approach uses the "Guideline Company" method, which calculates the fair value of the reporting unit based on a comparison of the reporting unit to comparable publicly traded companies. Significant estimates in the market approach model include identifying similar companies with comparable business factors such as size, growth, profitability, risk and return on investment, assessing comparable multiples, as well as consideration of control premiums (Level 2 inputs). The blended approach assigns a 70 percent weighting to the income approach and 30 percent to the market approach (Level 3 input). The higher weighting is given to the income approach due to some limitations of publicly available peer information used in the market approach. The blended fair value of both approaches is then compared to the carrying value, and to the extent that fair value exceeds the carrying value, no impairment exists. However, to the extent the carrying value exceeds the fair value, an impairment is recorded.