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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes
Income Taxes

For interim tax reporting, we estimate our annual effective tax rate and apply it to our year-to-date ordinary income. Tax jurisdictions with a projected or year-to-date loss for which a tax benefit cannot be realized are excluded from the annualized effective tax rate. The tax effects of unusual or infrequently occurring items, including changes in judgment about valuation allowances and effects of changes in tax laws or rates, are reported in the interim period in which they occur.

Our effective tax rate was 41.0 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2016, compared to 17.5 percent for the six months ended June 30, 2015. Our effective tax rate differs from the United States statutory tax rate primarily due to a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets in the Netherlands, earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, foreign withholding tax, and tax planning structures.

At June 30, 2016, we maintained a valuation allowance of approximately $12.7 million against our deferred tax assets in the Netherlands. We review the need for valuation allowances in all jurisdictions on a quarterly basis in order to assess the likelihood of the realization of our deferred tax assets. In assessing the need for recording or reversing a valuation allowance, we weigh all available positive and negative evidence. Examples of the evidence we consider are cumulative losses in recent years, losses expected in early future years, a history of potential tax benefits expiring unused, prudent and feasible tax planning strategies that could be implemented, and whether there were unusual, infrequent or extraordinary items to be considered. With respect to the valuation allowance recorded in the Netherlands, management continues to conclude that the negative evidence outweighs the positive and thus the valuation allowance was maintained.