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Segment Information
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 29, 2025
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information
11. Segment Information
We have four reportable segments: Domestic Company-owned restaurants, North America franchising, North America commissaries, and International operations. The Domestic Company-owned restaurant segment consists of the operations of all Domestic Company-owned restaurants and principally generates revenues from retail sales of pizza and other food and beverage products. The North America franchising segment consists of our franchise sales and support activities and derives its revenues from sales of franchise and development rights and the collection of royalties from our franchisees located in the United States and Canada. The North America commissaries segment consists of the operations of our regional dough production and product distribution centers in the United States and Canada and derives its revenues principally from the sale and distribution of food and paper products to Domestic Company-owned and franchised restaurants in the United States and Canada. The International segment consists of the operations of all Company-owned restaurants located in the UK, as well as distribution sales to franchised Papa Johns restaurants located in the UK and our franchise sales and support activities, which derive revenues from sales of franchise and development rights and the collection of royalties from our International franchisees. International franchisees are defined as all franchise operations outside of the United States and Canada. Our reportable segments are distinct business units that provide different products or services. Separate management of each segment is required because each business unit is subject to different operational issues and strategies. Certain administrative and capital costs are allocated to each of our segments based upon predetermined rates or estimated resource usage.
All other business units that do not meet the quantitative or qualitative thresholds for determining reportable segments, which are not operating segments, we refer to as “All Other”. These consist of operations that derive revenues from franchise contributions to marketing funds and information systems and related services used in restaurant operations, including our point-of-sale system, online and other technology-based ordering platforms.
Our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) is the Chief Executive Officer. Beginning in the first quarter of 2025, the Company updated its measure of segment profit or loss to be adjusted EBITDA, which aligns with how the CODM evaluates performance of and allocates resources to our segments. For comparability purposes, segment results for the prior year period have been recast to reflect this change in measure of segment profit or loss. Adjusted EBITDA represents Net income before Net interest expense, Income tax expense, Depreciation and amortization, Stock-based compensation expense, and other adjustments that vary from period to period, including certain general and administrative expenses and other items that do not reflect normal, recurring expenses necessary to operate our business. During the annual budget and forecasting process, the CODM uses adjusted EBITDA to allocate resources (including employees, property, and financial or capital resources) to the segments. The CODM regularly reviews trends in adjusted EBITDA on at least a quarterly basis to evaluate the profitability of the segments and to make resource allocation decisions. When our CODM reviews balance sheet information, it is at a consolidated level.
Segment Results
The tables below present our operating results by segment (in thousands). The significant expense categories and amounts presented in the tables below align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the CODM. A reconciliation to Company results is included in the following section.
Three Months Ended June 29, 2025
Domestic Company-owned restaurantsNorth America franchisingNorth America commissariesInternationalTotal
Revenues from external customers$175,797$35,359$214,846$44,184$470,186
Intersegment revenues—1,24452,813—54,057
Segment revenue$175,797$36,603$267,659$44,184$524,243
Less segment expenses (a):
COS - Product Costs$53,196$—$190,554$13,073$256,823
COS - Salaries & Benefits57,203—30,0611,96489,228
COS - Other (d)
45,586—16,3789,37071,334
General & Administrative9,9489,76011,0149,28240,004
Other Segment Expenses (c)
———4,8584,858
Segment adjusted EBITDA$9,864 $26,843 $19,652 $5,637 $61,996 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Domestic Company-owned restaurantsNorth America franchisingNorth America commissariesInternationalTotal
Revenues from external customers$173,207$34,409$198,197$46,547$452,360
Intersegment revenues—1,04150,303—51,344
Segment revenue$173,207$35,450$248,500$46,547$503,704
Less segment expenses (a):
COS - Product Costs$50,961$—$181,272$13,735$245,968
COS - Salaries & Benefits56,507—28,9115,02390,441
COS - Other (d)
42,794—14,32811,45268,574
General & Administrative (b)
9,4718,2438,9479,57536,236
Other Segment Expenses (c)
———3,0493,049
Segment adjusted EBITDA$13,474 $27,207 $15,042 $3,713 $59,436 
Six Months Ended June 29, 2025
Domestic Company-owned restaurantsNorth America franchisingNorth America commissariesInternationalTotal
Revenues from external customers$346,592$70,911$427,765$83,295$928,563
Intersegment revenues—2,503104,271—106,774
Segment revenue$346,592$73,414$532,036$83,295$1,035,337
Less segment expenses (a):
COS - Product Costs$105,333$—$380,024$24,220$509,577
COS - Salaries & Benefits115,180—60,0433,531178,754
COS - Other (d)
90,485—32,65916,440139,584
General & Administrative20,69819,32320,30618,12678,453
Other Segment Expenses (c)
———9,9599,959
Segment adjusted EBITDA$14,896 $54,091 $39,004 $11,019 $119,010 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Domestic Company-owned restaurantsNorth America franchisingNorth America commissariesInternationalTotal
Revenues from external customers$349,431$70,106$401,484$93,220$914,241
Intersegment revenues—2,09099,570—101,660
Segment revenue$349,431$72,196$501,054$93,220$1,015,901
Less segment expenses (a):
COS - Product Costs$101,489$—$363,397$26,228$491,114
COS - Salaries & Benefits113,978—58,49210,503182,973
COS - Other (d)
85,901—28,91124,334139,146
General & Administrative (b)
19,65016,48218,03718,31472,483
Other Segment Expenses (c)
———5,9355,935
Segment adjusted EBITDA$28,413 $55,714 $32,217 $7,906 $124,250 
___________________________________
(a)    Segment expenses exclude Depreciation and amortization, Stock-based compensation expense, and certain General and Administrative expenses and other items that do not reflect normal, recurring expenses necessary to operate our business (see reconciliation that follows).
(b)    The Company prospectively adjusted for updates in internal cost allocation methodologies in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 29, 2024, which increased the amount of internal general and administrative expenses allocated to the segments from Unallocated corporate expenses. These methodology updates have been reflected in the 2024 comparable results. Refer to Note 23 of the consolidated financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 29, 2024 for additional information.
(c)    Other Segment Expenses represent all operating expenses that are not included in the significant segment expense categories. The components of Other Segment Expense are advertising fund expenses and other operating expenses.
(d)    We have included “COS - Other” as a significant expense category beginning in the first quarter of 2025, consistent with the segment expense categories regularly provided to the CODM when evaluating segment performance and allocating resources. “COS - Other” includes delivery expenses, Company-owned restaurant advertising costs, insurance, rent, aggregator fees, and other costs of sales. For comparability purposes, we have recast quarterly 2024 segment results to include this expense category.

Reconciliation of Segment Results to Company Results

The following table reconciles total revenue from our segments to Total revenues and total adjusted EBITDA from our segments to Income before income taxes (in thousands):
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 29, 2025June 30, 2024June 29, 2025June 30, 2024
Total Segment revenue$524,243 $503,704 $1,035,337 $1,015,901 
All Other Revenue (a)
73,761 69,312 148,092 134,519 
Elimination of intersegment revenue(68,838)(65,122)(135,954)(128,610)
Total revenues$529,166 $507,894 $1,047,475 $1,021,810 
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
June 29, 2025June 30, 2024June 29, 2025June 30, 2024
Total Segment adjusted EBITDA$61,996 $59,436 $119,010 $124,250 
All Other adjusted EBITDA (a)
9,233 5,817 19,397 12,714 
Unallocated corporate expenses, adjusted (b)
(18,614)(6,333)(36,168)(17,479)
Other income/(expense) adjustments to reconcile to income before income before income taxes (c)
(28,125)(30,694)(53,784)(57,541)
Net interest expense(10,584)(10,896)(20,663)(21,959)
Income before income taxes$13,906 $17,330 $27,792 $39,985 
___________________________________
(a)    As noted in the commentary above, All Other revenue and adjusted EBITDA is derived from business units that do not meet the quantitative or qualitative thresholds for determining reportable segments. These consist of operations that derive revenues from franchise contributions to marketing funds and information systems and related services used in restaurant operations, including our point-of-sale system, online and other technology-based ordering platforms. Our largest marketing fund is PJMF, which is designed to operate at break-even for the purpose of designing and administering advertising and promotional programs for all participating Domestic restaurants. Technology-based franchisee fees are meant to offset the costs of building, operating, and depreciating technology that supports franchisee operations. As such, these fees may vary from period to period, as they are designed to operate near break-even over time including the impact of depreciation.
(b)    Unallocated corporate expenses represent administrative fees incurred by the restaurant support centers, including information systems and related services, corporate salaries and bonuses, and other corporate costs. These expenses are adjusted for depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation expense, and certain general and administrative expenses and other items that do not reflect normal, recurring expenses necessary to operate our business (see reconciliation that follows).
(c)    Other income/(expense) adjustments represent Depreciation and amortization, Stock-based compensation expense, and certain general and administrative expenses and other items that do not reflect normal, recurring expenses necessary to operate our business. As such, management excludes these items from the evaluation of adjusted EBITDA. For the periods above, the adjustments include:

Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands)June 29, 2025June 30, 2024June 29, 2025June 30, 2024
Depreciation and amortization$18,819 $17,594 $37,162 $35,268 
Stock-based compensation expense3,824 2,915 7,493 2,545 
International restructuring costs (see Note 9)2,451 6,185 4,631 15,728 
Other costs3,031 4,000 4,498 4,000 
Other (income)/expense adjustments$28,125 $30,694 $53,784 $57,541 
Disaggregation of Revenue
Our segments earn revenue from both external and internal customers. No single external customer accounted for 10% or more of our total revenues. We account for intercompany sales and transfers as if the sales or transfers were to third parties and subsequently eliminate the activity. The accounting policies of our segments are the same as those described in 2. Significant Accounting Policies.
In the following tables, revenues are disaggregated by major product/service line. The tables also include a reconciliation of the disaggregated revenues by the reportable segment (in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 29, 2025
Domestic Company-owned restaurantsNorth America franchisingNorth America commissariesInternationalAll OtherElimination of Intersegment RevenueTotal
Company-owned restaurant sales$175,797 $— $— $3,192 $— $— $178,989 
Franchise royalties and fees— 36,603 — 12,943 — (1,244)48,302 
Commissary sales— — 267,659 19,730 — (52,813)234,576 
Other revenues— — — 3,409 24,301 (4,574)23,136 
Advertising funds revenue— — — 4,910 49,460 (10,207)44,163 
Total revenues$175,797 $36,603 $267,659 $44,184 $73,761 $(68,838)$529,166 
Three Months Ended June 30, 2024
Domestic Company-owned restaurantsNorth America franchisingNorth America commissariesInternationalAll OtherElimination of Intersegment RevenueTotal
Company-owned restaurant sales$173,207 $— $— $11,433 $— $— $184,640 
Franchise royalties and fees— 35,450 — 12,143 — (1,041)46,552 
Commissary sales— — 248,500 16,125 — (50,303)214,322 
Other revenues— — — 3,787 20,154 (3,531)20,410 
Advertising funds revenue— — — 3,059 49,158 (10,247)41,970 
Total revenues$173,207 $35,450 $248,500 $46,547 $69,312 $(65,122)$507,894 
Six Months Ended June 29, 2025
Domestic Company-owned restaurantsNorth America franchisingNorth America commissariesInternationalAll OtherElimination of Intersegment RevenueTotal
Company-owned restaurant sales$346,592 $— $— $6,278 $— $— $352,870 
Franchise royalties and fees— 73,414 — 25,447 — (2,503)96,358 
Commissary sales— — 532,036 35,752 — (104,271)463,517 
Other revenues— — — 6,693 49,380 (9,180)46,893 
Advertising funds revenue— — — 9,125 98,712 (20,000)87,837 
Total revenues$346,592 $73,414 $532,036 $83,295 $148,092 $(135,954)$1,047,475 
Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Domestic Company-owned restaurantsNorth America franchisingNorth America commissariesInternationalAll OtherElimination of Intersegment RevenueTotal
Company-owned restaurant sales$349,431 $— $— $26,460 $— $— $375,891 
Franchise royalties and fees— 72,196 — 23,599 — (2,090)93,705 
Commissary sales— — 501,054 30,350 — (99,570)431,834 
Other revenues— — — 6,852 41,678 (7,185)41,345 
Advertising funds revenue— — — 5,959 92,841 (19,765)79,035 
Total revenues$349,431 $72,196 $501,054 $93,220 $134,519 $(128,610)$1,021,810