2 — Acquisitions

Fiscal 2018 Transactions

During the year ended July 31, 2018, the Company acquired 100% of the voting stock of Autovahinkokeskus Oy (AVK), a salvage auto auction company based in Finland. AVK currently operates facilities in the municipalities of Espoo; Pirkkala; Oulu; and Turku, Finland. The aggregate purchase price of this acquisition totaled $8.9 million, net of cash acquired.

The purchase price allocation for AVK is not final for property and equipment, intangible assets and deferred taxes on acquired intangible assets, and other liabilities, pending the final valuation by the Company. The Company believes any potential changes to its preliminary purchase price allocations will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.

Fiscal 2017 Transactions

During the year ended July 31, 2017, the Company acquired 100% of the voting stock of Cycle Express, LLC, which conducts business primarily as National Powersport Auctions (NPA), a leading non-salvage auction platform for motorcycles, snowmobiles, watercraft and other powersports vehicles. NPA currently operates facilities in Atlanta, Georgia; Cincinnati, Ohio; Dallas, Texas; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and San Diego, California. NPA predominantly auctions pre-owned powersports vehicles on behalf of financing companies, dealers and manufacturers. The Company also acquired the assets of an excavation company, which engages in earthwork, soil stabilization, equipment hauling, and erosion control commercial contractor services. The aggregate purchase price of these acquisitions totaled $160.7 million, net of cash acquired.

During the year ended July 31, 2018, the purchase price allocations for NPA and the acquisition of the assets of an excavation company were finalized. As a result, from the preliminary purchase price allocation as of July 31, 2017, goodwill decreased $1.3 million, primarily related to a $1.2 million increase in intangible assets and changes to deferred taxes on acquired intangible assets. In accordance with ASC 805, any adjustments to the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities that occur subsequent to the measurement period will be reflected in the Company’s results of operations.

The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation based on the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed for these acquisitions (in thousands):



Allocation of the acquisition:
Accounts receivable and prepaid expenses	$	6,583
Vehicle pooling costs	571
Property and equipment	10,903
Inventory	1,067
Intangible assets	72,100
Goodwill	77,990
Liabilities assumed	(8,025		)
Noncontrolling interest	(500		)
Fair value of net assets and liabilities acquired	$	160,689

The NPA acquisition was undertaken because of its strategic fit, and the acquisition of certain excavation assets was undertaken to enhance the Company’s land development capabilities. These acquisitions have been accounted for using the purchase method in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, which resulted in the recognition of goodwill in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. Goodwill arose because the purchase price of each acquisition reflected a number of factors, including their future earnings and cash flow potential; the comparable multiples of earnings, cash flow and other factors at which similar businesses have been purchased by other acquirers; the complementary tactical development capability and cost control over the development of the Company’s yard locations; and the complementary strategic fit and resulting synergies brought to existing operations. Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired and is not amortized for financial reporting purposes.

The Company obtained a third party independent valuation to assist in the determination of the fair values of certain assets acquired. The valuation utilized the income approach (specifically the Multi-Period Excess Earnings Method (MPEEM) model and the Relief from Royalty model) to estimate the fair value of acquired supplier relationships and trade names, respectively. The valuation utilized the cost approach to estimate the fair value of acquired software. The valuation of these assets was performed using Level III inputs, as the calculated fair values are based on valuation models that utilize unobservable inputs that are significant to the overall fair value measurement. The unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s best estimate of what hypothetical market participants would use to determine the value of acquired assets based on the best information available in the circumstances. Intangible assets acquired include customer and supplier relationships, trade names, and software with a useful life ranging from three to eleven years. See Note - 6 — Intangibles, Net.

The purchase price allocation for NPA and the assets of an excavation company are not final for property and equipment, income taxes and intangible assets acquired, pending the final valuation by the Company. The Company believes any potential changes to its preliminary purchase price allocations will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.

These acquisitions did not result in a significant change in the Company’s consolidated results of operations individually or in the aggregate; therefore, pro forma financial information has not been presented. The operating results have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations since the acquisition dates. The acquisition-related expenses incurred during the year ended July 31, 2017, were $1.9 million and were included in general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.

Fiscal 2016 Transactions

The Company made no acquisitions during the year ended July 31, 2016.