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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2022
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Business overview Business OverviewHealthcare Realty Trust Incorporated (the "Company") is a real estate investment trust ("REIT") that owns, leases, manages, acquires, finances, develops and redevelops income-producing real estate properties associated primarily with the delivery of outpatient healthcare services throughout the United States. As of March 31, 2022, the Company had gross investments of approximately $5.2 billion in 242 real estate properties, construction in progress, redevelopments, financing receivables, financing lease right-of-use assets, land held for development and corporate property. The Company's 242 real estate properties are located in 23 states and total approximately 16.9 million square feet. The Company provided leasing and property management services to approximately 14.8 million square feet nationwide. The Company owns 50% of an unconsolidated joint venture with Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association (the "TIAA Joint Venture") and earns certain fees as the managing member. As of March 31, 2022, the TIAA Joint Venture owned 21 real estate properties. See Note 2 for more details regarding the Company's unconsolidated joint ventures. Any references to square footage or occupancy percentage, and any amounts derived from these values in these notes to the Company's Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, are outside the scope of our independent registered public accounting firm’s review.
Basis of presentation
Basis of Presentation
The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. They do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. However, except as disclosed herein, management believes there has been no material change in the information disclosed in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.
This interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Management believes that all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. In addition, the interim financial information does not necessarily represent or indicate what the operating results will be for the year ending December 31, 2022 for many reasons including, but not limited to, the Company's pending merger with Healthcare Trust of America, Inc. (as discussed in more detail in Note 9 below), acquisitions, dispositions, capital financing transactions, changes in interest rates and the effects of other trends, risks and uncertainties.
Principles of consolidation Principles of ConsolidationThe Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiaries, and joint ventures and partnerships where the Company controls the operating activities.
Variable Interest Entities GAAP requires us to identify entities for which control is achieved through means other than voting rights and to determine which business enterprise is the primary beneficiary of variable interest entities (“VIEs”). Accounting Standards Codification 810 broadly defines a VIE as an entity in which either (i) the equity investors as a group, if any, lack the power through voting or similar rights to direct the activities of such entity that most significantly impact such entity’s economic performance or (ii) the equity investment at risk is insufficient to finance that entity’s activities without additional subordinated financial support. The Company identifies the primary beneficiary of a VIE as the enterprise that has both of the following characteristics: (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance; and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the entity. The Company consolidates its investment in a VIE when it determines that it is the VIE’s primary beneficiary. The Company may change its original assessment of a VIE upon subsequent events such as the modification of contractual arrangements that affect the characteristics or adequacy of the entity’s equity investments at risk and the disposition of all or a portion of an interest held by the primary beneficiary. The Company performs this analysis on an ongoing basis.For property holding entities not determined to be VIEs, the Company consolidates such entities in which it owns 100% of the equity or has a controlling financial interest evidenced by ownership of a majority voting interest. All intercompany balances and transactions are eliminated in consolidation. For entities in which the Company owns less than 100% of the equity interest, the Company consolidates the entity if it has the direct or indirect ability to control the entities’ activities based upon the terms of the respective entities’ ownership agreements. As of March 31, 2022, the Company's unconsolidated joint venture arrangements were accounted for using the equity method of accounting as the Company exercised significant influence over but did not control these entities.
Use of estimates in the condensed consolidated financial statements
Use of Estimates in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
Preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.
Investments in and Income from Leases - Financing Receivables, Net
Investments in Leases - Financing Receivables, Net
In accordance with Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 842, for transactions in which the Company enters into a contract to acquire an asset and leases it back to the seller (i.e., a sale leaseback transaction), control of the asset is not considered to have transferred when the seller-lessee has a purchase option. As a result, the Company does not recognize the underlying real estate asset but instead recognizes a financial asset in accordance with ASC 310 “Receivables”.
During the first quarter of 2022, the Company reclassified the two medical office buildings in Nashville, Tennessee that were acquired in separate sale-leaseback transactions. The leases with the sellers commenced in the first quarter which resulted in the allocation of the financing receivable totaling $73.9 million to land and building and improvements.
Income from Lease Financing Receivables
The Company recognizes the related income from the financing receivable based on an imputed interest rate over the terms of the applicable lease. As a result, the interest recognized from the financing receivable will not equal the cash payments from the lease agreement.
Acquisition costs incurred in connection with entering into the financing receivable are treated as loan origination fees. These costs are classified with the financing receivable and are included in the balance of the net investment. Amortization of these amounts will be recognized as a reduction to Income from financing receivable, net over the life of the lease.
Revenue from contract with customers (topic 606)
Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)
The Company recognizes certain revenue under the core principle of Topic 606. This topic requires an entity to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Lease revenue is not within the scope of Topic 606. To achieve the core principle, the Company applies the five step model specified in the guidance.
Revenue that is accounted for under Topic 606 is segregated on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income in the Other operating line item. This line item includes parking income, management fee income and other miscellaneous income.The Company’s major types of revenue that are accounted for under Topic 606 that are listed above are all accounted for as the performance obligation is satisfied. The performance obligations that are identified for each of these items are satisfied over time, and the Company recognizes revenue monthly based on this principle.
New accounting pronouncements
New Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting Standards Update No. 2020-04
On March 12, 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848). ASU 2020-04 contains practical expedients for reference rate reform related activities that impact debt, leases, derivatives and other contracts. The guidance in ASU 2020-04 is optional and may be elected over time as reference rate reform activities occur. The Company has elected to apply the hedge accounting expedients related to probability and the assessments of effectiveness for future LIBOR-indexed cash flows to assume that the index upon which future hedged transactions will be based matches the index on the corresponding derivatives. Application of these expedients preserves the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation. The Company continues to evaluate the impact of the guidance and may apply other elections as applicable as additional changes in the market occur.