Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Business Overview

Healthcare Realty Trust Incorporated (the “Company”) is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) that integrates owning, managing, financing and developing income-producing real estate properties associated primarily with the delivery of outpatient healthcare services throughout the United States. The Company had investments of approximately $2.9 billion in 205 real estate properties and mortgages as of June 30, 2012. The Company’s 198 owned real estate properties are located in 28 states and total approximately 13.5 million square feet. The Company provided property management services to approximately 10.3 million square feet nationwide.

Principles of Consolidation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries, joint ventures, partnerships and certain variable interest entities (“VIEs”) where the Company controls the operating activities.

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements that are included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. Management believes, however, that all adjustments of a normal, recurring nature considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

This interim financial information should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in this report and in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. This interim financial information does not necessarily represent or indicate what the operating results will be for the year ending December 31, 2012 for many reasons including, but not limited to, acquisitions, dispositions, capital financing transactions, changes in interest rates and the effects of other trends, risks, and uncertainties.

In January 2012, a construction mortgage note receivable totaling approximately $35.1 million was repaid in full. The construction mortgage note was funding the ongoing development of an inpatient facility in South Dakota that was leased by Sanford Health. In the third quarter of 2011, the Company began consolidating the construction project upon its conclusion that it was the primary beneficiary of the VIE that was constructing the facility. As a result of the consolidation of the VIE, the Company also eliminated the construction mortgage note and related interest on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Upon repayment of the mortgage note, the Company deconsolidated the VIE and recognized net mortgage interest income of $0.4 million and overhead expense of $0.1 million, resulting in a net gain to the Company of $0.3 million.

The Company also had a variable interest in two unconsolidated VIEs consisting of construction mortgage notes aggregating approximately $68.7 million at June 30, 2012 in which management concluded that the Company was not currently the primary beneficiary.

The Company had an investment in one unconsolidated joint venture of approximately $1.3 million at June 30, 2012 which the Company accounts for under the cost method since the Company does not exert significant influence over the joint venture's operations. The joint venture, which invests in real estate properties, is included in other assets on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the related distributions received are included in interest and other income, net on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Use of Estimates in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Actual results may differ from those estimates.

Segment Reporting

The Company owns, acquires, manages, finances, and develops outpatient and other healthcare-related properties. The Company is managed as one reporting unit, rather than multiple reporting units, for internal reporting purposes and for internal decision-making. Therefore, the Company discloses its operating results in a single reportable segment.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. Assets sold or held for sale, and related liabilities, have been reclassified in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the operating results of those assets have been reclassified from continuing to discontinued operations for all periods presented.

Revenue Recognition

General

The Company recognizes revenue when it is realized or realizable and earned. There are four criteria that must be met before a company may recognize revenue, including: persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services have been rendered (i.e., the tenant has taken possession of and controls the physical use of the leased asset); the price has been fixed or is determinable; and collectability is reasonably assured. Income received but not yet earned is deferred until such time it is earned. Deferred revenue is included in other liabilities in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company derives most of its revenues from its real estate and mortgage notes receivable portfolio. The Company’s rental and mortgage interest income is recognized based on contractual arrangements with its tenants, sponsors or borrowers. These contractual arrangements generally fall into three categories: leases, mortgage notes receivable, and property operating agreements as described in the following paragraphs. The Company may accrue late fees based on the contractual terms of a lease or note. Such fees, if accrued, are included in single-tenant net lease revenue, property operating income, or mortgage interest income in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, based on the type of contractual agreement.

Rental Income

Rental income related to non-cancelable operating leases is recognized as earned over the life of the lease agreements on a straight-line basis. The Company’s lease agreements generally include provisions for stated annual increases or increases based on a Consumer Price Index. The Company’s multi-tenant office lease arrangements also generally allow for operating expense recoveries which the Company calculates and bills to its tenants. Rental income from properties under single-tenant net lease arrangements (formerly named master leases) is included in single-tenant net lease revenue and rental income from properties with multi-tenant office lease arrangements is included in property operating income in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s leases, formerly named as master leases, have over time changed from single tenant leases with underlying sub-tenants occupying the majority of the buildings to buildings that are leased and occupied by a single tenant. As such, the Company has renamed the revenues from these types of agreements to “single-tenant net leases” to describe more fully the nature of these leases.

Interest Income

Mortgage interest income and notes receivable interest income are recognized based on the interest rates and maturity date or amortization period specific to each note. Loan origination fees received are deferred and are recognized in mortgage interest income over the estimated life of the loan.

Property Operating Agreements

At June 30, 2012, the Company had six real estate properties with an aggregate gross investment of approximately $73.6 million subject to property operating agreements that obligate the sponsoring health system to provide to the Company a minimum return on the Company’s investment in the property in exchange for the right to be involved in the operating decisions of the property, including tenancy. If the minimum return is not achieved through normal operations of the property, the sponsor is responsible to the Company for the shortfall under the terms of these agreements. The Company recognizes any shortfall income in other operating income in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. Property operating agreement payments totaling approximately $0.5 million per quarter on two of the Company’s properties in New Orleans expired on September 30, 2011. No other property operating agreements are scheduled to expire until 2016.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Certain items must be included in comprehensive income (loss), including items such as foreign currency translation adjustments, minimum pension liability adjustments, and unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities. The Company’s accumulated other comprehensive loss includes the cumulative pension liability adjustments, which are generally recognized in the fourth quarter of each year.

Income Taxes

No provision has been made for federal income taxes. The Company intends at all times to qualify as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. The Company must distribute at least 90% of its REIT taxable income each year to its stockholders and meet other requirements to continue to qualify as a REIT.

The Company must pay certain state income taxes and the provisions are generally included in general and administrative expense on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The Company classifies interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, in its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements as a component of general and administrative expense. No such amounts were recognized during the six months ended June 30, 2012 or 2011.

Incentive Plans

The Company has various employee and non-employee stock-based awards outstanding, including restricted stock issued under its incentive plans, and options granted to employees pursuant to its employee stock purchase plan (the “Employee Stock Purchase Plan”). The Company generally recognizes compensation expense for awards issued under its incentive plans based on the grant date fair value of the awards ratably over the requisite service period. Compensation expense for awards issued under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan is based on fair value, net of estimated forfeitures, using the Black-Scholes model, and is generally recognized when the awards are granted in the first quarter of each year since they immediately vest when granted.

Defined Benefit Pension Plan

The Company has a pension plan (the “Executive Retirement Plan”) under which three of the Company’s founding officers may receive certain retirement benefits upon retirement. The plan is unfunded and benefits will be paid from future cash flows of the Company. The maximum annual benefits payable to each individual under the Executive Retirement Plan is $896,000, subject to cost-of-living adjustments. The Company calculates pension expense and the corresponding liability annually on the measurement date (December 31) which requires certain assumptions, such as a discount rate and the recognition of actuarial gains and losses. Pension expense is recognized on an accrual basis over an estimated service period.

Operating Leases

As described in more detail in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company is obligated under operating lease agreements consisting primarily of its corporate office lease and various ground leases related to the Company’s real estate investments where the Company is the lessee.

Discontinued Operations and Assets Held for Sale

The Company sells properties from time to time due to a variety of factors, including among other things, market conditions or the exercise of purchase options by tenants. The operating results of properties that have been sold or are held for sale are reported as discontinued operations in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. A company must report discontinued operations when a component of an entity has either been disposed of or is deemed to be held for sale if (i) both the operations and cash flows of the component have been or will be eliminated from ongoing operations as a result of the disposal transaction, and (ii) the entity will not have any significant continuing involvement in the operations of the component after the disposal transaction. Long-lived assets classified as held for sale in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or their estimated fair value less cost to sell. Further, depreciation of these assets ceases at the time the assets are classified as discontinued operations. Losses resulting from the sale or anticipated sale of such properties are characterized as impairment losses relating to discontinued operations in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 3 for a detail of the Company’s assets held for sale and discontinued operations.

Land Held for Development

Land held for development, which is included in construction in progress in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, includes parcels of land owned by the Company upon which the Company intends to develop and own outpatient healthcare facilities.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset, or paid to transfer a liability, in an orderly transaction between market participants. In calculating fair value, a company must maximize the use of observable market inputs, minimize the use of unobservable market inputs and disclose in the form of an outlined hierarchy the details of such fair value measurements.

A hierarchy of valuation techniques is defined to determine whether the inputs to a fair value measurement are considered to be observable or unobservable in a marketplace. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company’s market assumptions. This hierarchy requires the use of observable market data when available. These inputs have created the following fair value hierarchy:


•	Level 1 – quoted prices for identical instruments in active markets;


•	Level 2 – quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations in which significant inputs and significant value drivers are observable in active markets; and


•	Level 3 – fair value measurements derived from valuation techniques in which one or more significant inputs or significant value drivers are unobservable.

In connection with the sale of five medical office buildings in the second quarter of 2012, the Company recorded impairment charges totaling approximately $0.2 million based on the contractual sales prices, a Level 1 input.

Real Estate Properties

Real estate properties are recorded at cost or fair value, if acquired. Cost or fair value at the time of acquisition is allocated between land, buildings, tenant improvements, lease and other intangibles, and personal property.

The Company also capitalizes direct construction and development costs, including interest, to all consolidated real estate properties that are under construction and substantive activities are ongoing to prepare the asset for its intended use. The Company considers a building as substantially complete and held available for occupancy upon the completion of tenant improvements, but may extend that in some cases to a time no later than one year from cessation of major construction activity. Development costs incurred after a project is substantially complete and ready for its intended use, or after development activities have ceased, are expensed as incurred.

Mortgage Notes

Mortgage notes receivable may be classified as held-for-investment or held-for-sale based on a lender’s intent and ability to hold the loans. Notes held-for-investment are carried at amortized cost and are reduced by valuation allowances for estimated credit losses as necessary. Notes held-for-sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. All of the Company’s notes receivable are classified as held-for-investment.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts and Credit Losses

Management monitors the aging and collectibility of its accounts receivable balances on an ongoing basis. Whenever there is deterioration in the timeliness of payment from a tenant or sponsor, management investigates and determines the reason(s) for the delay. Considering all information gathered, management’s judgment is exercised in determining whether a receivable is potentially uncollectible and, if so, how much or what percentage may be uncollectible. Among the factors management considers in determining collectibility are: the type of contractual arrangement under which the receivable was recorded (e.g., a triple net lease, a gross lease, a sponsor guaranty agreement, or some other type of agreement); the tenant’s reason for slow payment; industry influences under which the tenant operates; evidence of willingness and ability of the tenant to pay the receivable; credit-worthiness of the tenant; collateral, security deposit, letters of credit or other monies held as security; tenant’s historical payment pattern; other contractual agreements between the tenant and the Company; relationship between the tenant and the Company; the state in which the tenant operates; and the existence of a guarantor and the willingness and ability of the guarantor to pay the receivable. Considering these factors and others, management concludes whether all or some of the aged receivable balance is likely uncollectible. Upon determining that some portion of the receivable is likely uncollectible, the Company records a provision for bad debts for the amount it expects will be uncollectible. When efforts to collect a receivable are exhausted, the receivable amount is charged off against the allowance.

The Company also evaluates collectibility of its mortgage notes and notes receivable and records an allowance on the notes as necessary. A loan is impaired when it is probable that a creditor will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan as scheduled, including both contractual interest and principal payments. If a mortgage loan or note receivable becomes past due, the Company will review the specific circumstances and may discontinue the accrual of interest on the loan. The loan is not returned to accrual status until the debtor has demonstrated the ability to continue debt service in accordance with the contractual terms. Loans placed on non-accrual status will be accounted for either on a cash basis, in which income is recognized only upon receipt of cash, or on a cost-recovery basis, in which all cash receipts reduce the carrying value of the loan, based on the Company’s expectation of future collectibility.

New Pronouncements

On January 1, 2012, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2011-08, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350), Testing Goodwill for Impairment.” The standard simplifies the process a company must go through to test goodwill for impairment. Companies have an option to first assess qualitative factors of a reporting unit being tested before having to assess quantitative factors. If a company believes no impairment exists based on qualitative factors, then it will no longer be required to perform the two-step quantitative impairment test. The Company tests its $3.5 million of goodwill for impairment as of December 31 of each year. The adoption of this new standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.