10-K 1 a2017-12x31form10xk.htm 10-K Document



UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
ý
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2017
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from        to
Commission File Number 1-12002
ACADIA REALTY TRUST
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Maryland
23-2715194
(State of incorporation)
(I.R.S. employer identification no.)
411 Theodore Fremd Avenue, Suite 300 Rye, NY 10580
(Address of principal executive offices)
(914) 288-8100
(Registrant’s telephone number)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, $0.001 par value
(Title of Class)
New York Stock Exchange
(Name of Exchange on which registered)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
YES x    NO o
Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15 (d) of the Securities Act.
YES o    NO x
Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
YES x    NO o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
YES x    NO o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter)
is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Large Accelerated Filer x     Accelerated Filer o      Non-accelerated Filer o      Smaller Reporting Company o
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 139a) of the Exchange Act. o
Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act) YES o    NO x
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter was approximately $2,347.5 million, based on a price of $28.06 per share, the average sales price for the registrant’s common shares of beneficial interest on the New York Stock Exchange on that date.
The number of shares of the registrant’s common shares of beneficial interest outstanding on February 20, 2018 was 83,735,086.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Part III – Portions of the registrant’s definitive proxy statement relating to its 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders presently scheduled to be held May 10, 2018 to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A.




ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
FORM 10-K
INDEX

 
 
 
 
Item No.
Description
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1.
 
1A.
 
1B.
 
2.
 
3.
 
4.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5.
 
6.
 
7.
 
7A.
 
8.
 
9.
 
9A.
 
9B.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.
 
11.
 
12.
 
13.
 
14.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15.
 
16.
 
 
 



 
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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (the “Report”) may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) and as such may involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to be materially different from future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe our future plans, strategies and expectations are generally identifiable by use of the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “intend” or “project” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology. Factors which could have a material adverse effect on our operations and future prospects include, but are not limited to those set forth under the headings “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this Report. These risks and uncertainties should be considered in evaluating any forward-looking statements contained or incorporated by reference herein.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING CERTAIN REFERENCES
All references to “Notes” throughout the document refer to the footnotes to the consolidated financial statements of the registrant referenced in Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements.



 
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PART I
ITEM 1.
BUSINESS.

GENERAL

Acadia Realty Trust (the “Trust”) was formed on March 4, 1993 as a Maryland real estate investment trust (“REIT”). All references to “Acadia,” “we,” “us,” “our” and “Company” refer to the Trust and its consolidated subsidiaries. We are a fully integrated REIT focused on the ownership, acquisition, development and management of high-quality retail properties located primarily in high-barrier-to-entry, supply-constrained, densely-populated metropolitan areas in the United States. We currently own, or have an ownership interest in these properties through our Core Portfolio and our Funds (each as defined below).

All of our assets are held by, and all of our operations are conducted through, Acadia Realty Limited Partnership (the “Operating Partnership”) and entities in which the Operating Partnership owns an interest. As of December 31, 2017, the Trust controlled 95% of the Operating Partnership as the sole general partner. As the general partner, the Trust is entitled to share, in proportion to its percentage interest, in the cash distributions and profits and losses of the Operating Partnership. The limited partners primarily represent entities or individuals that contributed their interests in certain properties or entities to the Operating Partnership in exchange for common or preferred units of limited partnership interest (“Common OP Units” or “Preferred OP Units,” respectively, and collectively, “OP Units”) and employees who have been awarded restricted Common OP Units as long-term incentive compensation (“LTIP Units”). Limited partners holding Common OP and LTIP Units are generally entitled to exchange their units on a one-for-one basis for our common shares of beneficial interest of the Trust (“Common Shares”). This structure is referred to as an umbrella partnership REIT, or “UPREIT.”

BUSINESS OBJECTIVES AND STRATEGIES

Our primary business objective is to acquire and manage commercial retail properties that will provide cash for distributions to shareholders while also creating the potential for capital appreciation to enhance investor returns. We focus on the following fundamentals to achieve this objective:

•
Own and operate a Core Portfolio of high-quality retail properties located primarily in high-barrier-to-entry, densely-populated metropolitan areas. Our goal is to create value through accretive development and re-tenanting activities within our existing portfolio and grow this platform through the acquisition of high-quality assets that have the long-term potential to outperform the asset class.

•
Generate additional growth through our Funds in which we co-invest with high-quality institutional investors. Our Fund strategy focuses on opportunistic yet disciplined acquisitions with high inherent opportunity for the creation of additional value, execution on this opportunity and the realization of value through the sale of these assets. In connection with this strategy, we focus on:

◦
value-add investments in street retail properties, located in established and “next-generation” submarkets, with re-tenanting or repositioning opportunities,
◦
opportunistic acquisitions of well-located real estate anchored by distressed retailers, and
◦
other opportunistic acquisitions, which vary based on market conditions and may include high-yield acquisitions and purchases of distressed debt.

Some of these investments historically have also included, and may in the future include, joint ventures with private equity investors for the purpose of making investments in operating retailers with significant embedded value in their real estate assets.

•
Maintain a strong and flexible balance sheet through conservative financial practices while ensuring access to sufficient capital to fund future growth.

Investment Strategy — Generate External Growth through our Dual Platforms; Core Portfolio and Funds

The requirements that acquisitions be accretive on a long-term basis based on our cost of capital, as well as increase the overall Core Portfolio quality and value, are key strategic considerations to the growth of our Core Portfolio. As such, we constantly evaluate the blended cost of equity and debt and adjust the amount of acquisition activity to align the level of investment activity with capital flows.


 
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Given the growing importance of technology and e-commerce, many of our retail tenants are appropriately focused on omni-channel sales and how to best utilize e-commerce initiatives to drive sales at their stores. In light of these initiatives, we have found retailers are becoming more selective as to the location, size and format of their next-generation stores and are focused on dense, high-traffic retail corridors, where they can utilize smaller and more productive formats closer to their shopping population. Accordingly, our focus for Core Portfolio and Fund acquisitions is on those properties which we believe will not only remain relevant to our tenants, but become even more so in the future.

In addition to our Core Portfolio investments in real estate assets, we have also capitalized on our expertise in the acquisition, development, leasing and management of retail real estate by establishing discretionary opportunity funds. Our Fund platform is an investment vehicle where the Operating Partnership invests, along with outside institutional investors, including, but not limited to, endowments, foundations, pension funds and investment management companies, in primarily opportunistic and value-add retail real estate. To date, we have launched five funds (“Funds”); Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund, LP (“Fund I,” which was liquidated in 2015), Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund II, LLC (“Fund II”), Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund III LLC (“Fund III”), Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund IV LLC (“Fund IV”) and Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund V LLC (“Fund V,” and our “current fund”). Due to our level of control, we consolidate these Funds for financial reporting purposes. Fund I and Fund II have also included investments in operating companies through Acadia Mervyn Investors I, LLC (“Mervyns I”), Acadia Mervyn Investors II, LLC (“Mervyns II”) and, in certain instances, directly through Fund II, all on a non-recourse basis. These investments comprise, and are referred to as, the Company's Retailer Controlled Property Venture (“RCP Venture”).

The Operating Partnership is the sole general partner or managing member of the Funds and Mervyns I and II and earns priority distributions or fees for asset management, property management, construction, development, leasing and legal services. Cash flows from the Funds and the RCP Venture are distributed pro-rata to their respective partners and members (including the Operating Partnership) until each receives a certain cumulative return (“Preferred Return”), and the return of all capital contributions. Thereafter, remaining cash flows are distributed 20% to the Operating Partnership (“Promote”) and 80% to the partners or members (including the Operating Partnership).

See Note 1 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Item 8 of this Report (“Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements”), for a detailed discussion of the Funds.

Capital Strategy — Balance Sheet Focus and Access to Capital

Our primary capital objective is to maintain a strong and flexible balance sheet through conservative financial practices, including moderate use of leverage within our Core Portfolio, while ensuring access to sufficient capital to fund future growth. We intend to continue financing acquisitions and property development with sources of capital determined by management to be the most appropriate based on, among other factors, availability in the current capital markets, pricing and other commercial and financial terms. The sources of capital may include the issuance of public equity, unsecured debt, mortgage and construction loans, and other capital alternatives including the issuance of OP Units. We manage our interest rate risk through the use of fixed-rate debt and, where we use variable-rate debt, through the use of certain derivative instruments, including London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) swap agreements and interest rate caps as discussed further in Item 7A. of this Form 10-K.

We launched an at-the-market (“ATM”) equity issuance program in 2012 which provides us an efficient and low-cost vehicle for raising public equity to fund our capital needs. Through this program, we have been able to effectively “match-fund” a portion of the required equity for our Core Portfolio and Fund acquisitions through the issuance of Common Shares over extended periods employing a price averaging strategy. In addition, from time to time, we have issued and intend to continue to issue equity in follow-on offerings separate from our ATM program. Net proceeds raised through our ATM program and follow-on offerings are primarily used for acquisitions, both for our Core Portfolio and our pro-rata share of Fund acquisitions and for other general corporate purposes.


 
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Common Share issuances for each of the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 are summarized as follows:

(shares and dollars in millions)
2017
2016
2015
 
 
 
 
ATM Issuance
 
 
 
Common Shares issued
—

4.5

2.0

Gross proceeds
$
—

$
157.6

$
65.6

Net proceeds
$
—

$
155.7

$
64.4

 
 
 
 
Follow-on Offering Issuances
 
 
 
Common Shares issued
—

8.4

—

Gross proceeds
$
—

$
302.0

$
—

Net proceeds
$
—

$
296.6

$
—


During 2016, we also issued OP Units equating to 0.9 million Common Shares in connection with the acquisition of properties. See Note 10 for further details.

Operating Strategy — Experienced Management Team with Proven Track Record

Our senior management team has decades of experience in the real estate industry. We have capitalized on our expertise in the acquisition, development, leasing and management of retail real estate by creating value through property development, re-tenanting and establishing joint ventures, such as the Funds, in which we earn, in addition to a return on our equity interest, Promotes, priority distributions and fees.

Operating functions such as leasing, property management, construction, finance and legal (collectively, the “Operating Departments”) are generally provided by our personnel, providing for a vertically integrated operating platform. By incorporating the Operating Departments in the acquisition process, acquisitions are appropriately priced giving effect to each asset’s specific risks and returns and transition time is minimized allowing management to immediately execute on its strategic plan for each asset.

INVESTING ACTIVITIES

Core Portfolio

Our Core Portfolio consists primarily of high-quality street retail and urban assets, as well as suburban properties located in high-barrier-to-entry, densely-populated trade areas.

During the year ended December 31, 2017, we exchanged a portion of our Core notes receivable to acquire interests in two properties we previously had undivided interests in. As a result, we increased our ownership in each property, one of which we now consolidate. See Note 2 and Note 4, for a detailed discussion of these transactions and Item 2. Properties for a description of the other properties in our Core Portfolio.

As we typically hold our Core Portfolio properties for long-term investment, we periodically review the portfolio and implement programs to renovate and re-tenant targeted properties to enhance their market position. This in turn is expected to strengthen the competitive position of the leasing program to attract and retain quality tenants, increasing cash flow, and consequently, property values. From time to time, we also identify certain properties for disposition and redeploy the capital for acquisitions and for the repositioning of existing properties with greater potential for capital appreciation. During 2017, there were no dispositions within the Core Portfolio.

We also make investments in first mortgages and other notes receivable collateralized by real estate, (“Structured Finance Program”) either directly or through entities having an ownership interest therein. During 2017, we made investments totaling $10.0 million in this program and as of December 31, 2017 had $101.7 million invested in this program and we exchanged a portion of our notes receivable for interests in two properties as described above. See Note 3, for a detailed discussion of our Structured Finance Program.


 
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Funds

Acquisitions

See Note 2 for a detailed discussion of these acquisitions.

Fund IV – During 2017, Fund IV acquired two consolidated properties for an aggregate purchase price of $44.5 million.

Fund V – During 2017, Fund V acquired four consolidated properties for an aggregate purchase price of $167.2 million.

Dispositions

See Note 2 and Note 4 for a detailed discussion of our consolidated and unconsolidated dispositions, respectively.

Fund II – During 2017, Fund II sold three consolidated properties for an aggregate of $232.3 million.

Fund III – During 2017, Fund III sold one consolidated property for $22.1 million and one unconsolidated property for $28.8 million.

Fund IV – During 2017, Fund IV sold one consolidated property for $27.0 million and seven unconsolidated properties for an aggregate sales price of $35.6 million.

Development Activities

As part of our investing strategy, we invest in real estate assets that may require significant development. As of December 31, 2017, there were two Core and four Fund development projects, consisting of five consolidated properties and one unconsolidated property. During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company placed five consolidated and three unconsolidated properties into service, reclassified one consolidated property as held for sale and placed one consolidated property into development. See Item 2. Properties—Development Activities and Note 2.

INFLATION

Our long-term leases contain provisions designed to mitigate the adverse impact of inflation on our net income. Such provisions include clauses enabling us to receive percentage rents based on tenants’ gross sales, which generally increase as prices rise, and/or, in certain cases, escalation clauses, which generally increase rental rates during the terms of the leases. Such escalation clauses are often related to increases in the consumer price index or similar inflation indexes. In addition, many of our leases are for terms of less than ten years, which permits us to seek to increase rents upon re-rental at market rates if current rents are below the then existing market rates. Most of our leases require the tenants to pay their share of operating expenses, including common area maintenance, real estate taxes, insurance and utilities, thereby reducing our exposure to increases in costs and operating expenses resulting from inflation.

ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS

For information relating to environmental laws that may have an impact on our business, please see “Item 1A. Risk Factors— We are exposed to possible liability relating to environmental matters.”

COMPETITION

There are numerous entities that compete with us in seeking properties for acquisition and tenants that will lease space in our properties. Our competitors include other REITs, financial institutions, insurance companies, pension funds, private companies and individuals. Our properties compete for tenants with similar properties primarily on the basis of location, total occupancy costs (including base rent and operating expenses) and the design and condition of the improvements.








 
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FINANCIAL INFORMATION ABOUT MARKET SEGMENTS

We have three reportable segments: Core Portfolio, Funds and Structured Financing. Structured Financing consists of our first mortgages and notes receivable and related interest income. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies set forth in Note 1 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. See Note 12 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding, among other things, revenues from external customers, a measure of profit and loss and total assets with respect to each of our segments. Our profits and losses for both our business and each of our segments are not seasonal.

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS AND EMPLOYEES

Our executive office is located at 411 Theodore Fremd Avenue, Suite 300, Rye, New York 10580, and our telephone number is (914) 288-8100. As of December 31, 2017, we had 118 employees, of which 97 were located at our executive office and 21 were located at regional property management offices. None of our employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements. Management believes that its relationship with employees is good.

COMPANY WEBSITE

All of our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, are available at no cost at our website at www.acadiarealty.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. These filings can also be accessed through the Securities and Exchange Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. Alternatively, we will provide paper copies of our filings at no cost upon request. If you wish to receive a copy of the Form 10-K, you may contact Jason Blacksberg, Corporate Secretary, at Acadia Realty Trust, 411 Theodore Fremd Avenue, Suite 300, Rye, NY 10580. You may also call (914) 288-8100 to request a copy of the Form 10-K. Information included or referred to on our website is not incorporated by reference in or otherwise a part of this Form 10-K.

CODE OF ETHICS AND WHISTLEBLOWER POLICIES

The Board of Trustees adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics applicable to all employees, as well as a “Whistleblower Policy.” Copies of these documents are available in the Investor Information section of our website. We intend to disclose future amendments to, or waivers from (with respect to our senior executive financial officers), our Code of Ethics in the Investor Information section of our website within four business days following the date of such amendment or waiver.


 
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ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS.

Set forth below are the risk factors that we believe are material to our investors. You should carefully consider these risk factors, together with all of the other information included in this Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, before you decide whether to make an investment in our securities. The occurrence of any of the following risks could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and value of our Common Shares. In such case, the value of our Common Shares and the trading price of our securities could decline, and you may lose all or a significant part of your investment. This section includes or refers to certain forward-looking statements. Refer to the explanation of the qualifications and limitations on such forward-looking statements discussed in the beginning of this Form 10-K.

The following risk factors are not exhaustive. Other sections of this report may include additional factors that could adversely affect our business and financial performance. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risk factors emerge from time to time and it is not possible for us to predict all risk factors, nor can we assess the impact of all risk factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may affect our business. Investors should also refer to our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K for future periods for material updates to these risk factors.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS AND OUR PROPERTIES

There are risks relating to investments in real estate that may adversely affect our income and cash flow.

Real property investments are subject to multiple risks. Real estate values are affected by a number of factors, including: changes in the general economic climate, local conditions (such as an oversupply of space or a reduction in demand for real estate in an area), the quality and philosophy of management, competition from other available space, the ability of the owner to provide adequate maintenance and insurance and to control variable operating costs. Retail properties, in particular, may be affected by changing perceptions of retailers or shoppers regarding the safety, convenience and attractiveness of the property and by the overall climate for the retail industry. Real estate values are also affected by such factors as government regulations, interest rate levels, the availability of financing and potential liability under, and changes in, environmental, zoning, tax and other laws. A significant portion of our income is derived from rental income from real property. Our income and cash flow would be adversely affected if we were unable to rent our vacant space to viable tenants on economically favorable terms. In the event of default by a tenant, we may experience delays in enforcing, as well as incur substantial costs to enforce, our rights as a landlord. In addition, certain significant expenditures associated with each equity investment (such as mortgage payments, real estate taxes and maintenance costs) are generally not reduced even though there may be a reduction in income from the investment.

We rely on revenues derived from tenants, in particular our key tenants, and a decrease in those revenues may adversely affect our ability to make distributions.

Revenue from our properties depends primarily on the ability of our tenants to pay the full amount of rent and other charges due under their leases on a timely basis. We derive significant revenues from a concentration of certain key tenants that occupy space at more than one property. We could be adversely affected in the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of, or a downturn in the business of, any of our key tenants, or in the event that any such tenant does not renew its leases as they expire or renews such leases at lower rental rates. See “Item 2. Properties—Major Tenants” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for quantified information with respect to the percentage of our minimum rents received from major tenants.

Anchor tenants and co-tenancy are crucial to the success of retail properties and vacated anchor space directly and indirectly affects our rental revenues.

We own properties which are supported by “anchor” tenants. Anchor tenants pay a significant portion of the total rents at a property and contribute to the success of other tenants by drawing large numbers of customers to a property. Vacated anchor space not only directly reduces rental revenues, but, if not re-tenanted with a similar tenant, or one with equal consumer attraction, could adversely affect the entire shopping center primarily through the loss of customer drawing power. This can also occur through the exercise of the right that most anchors have, to vacate and prevent re-tenanting by paying rent for the balance of the lease term (“going dark”), as would the departure of a “shadow” anchor tenant that is owned by another landlord. In addition, in the event that certain anchor tenants cease to occupy a property, such an action may result in a significant number of other tenants having the contractual right to terminate their leases, or pay a reduced rent based on a percentage of the tenant's sales, at the affected property, which could adversely affect the future income from such property (“co-tenancy”). Although it may not directly reduce our rental revenues, and there are no contractual co-tenancy conditions, vacant retail space adjacent to, or even on the same block as our street and urban properties may similarly affect shopper traffic and re-tenanting activities at our properties. See “Item 2. Properties—Major

 
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Tenants” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for quantified information with respect to the percentage of our minimum rents received from major tenants.

The bankruptcy of, or a downturn in the business of, any of our major tenants or a significant number of our smaller tenants may adversely affect our cash flows and property values.

The bankruptcy of, or a downturn in the business of, any of our major tenants causing them to reject their leases, or to not renew their leases as they expire, or renew at lower rental rates, may adversely affect our cash flows and property values. Furthermore, the impact of vacated anchor space and the potential reduction in customer traffic may adversely impact the balance of tenants at a shopping center.

Historically and from time to time, certain of our tenants experienced financial difficulties and filed for bankruptcy protection, typically under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code (“Chapter 11 Bankruptcy”). Pursuant to bankruptcy law, tenants have the right to reject some or all of their leases. In the event a tenant exercises this right, the landlord generally has the right to file a claim for lost rent equal to the greater of either one year's rent (including tenant expense reimbursements) for remaining terms greater than one year, or 15% of the rent remaining under the balance of the lease term, but not to exceed three years rent. Actual amounts to be received in satisfaction of those claims will be subject to the tenant's final bankruptcy plan and the availability of funds to pay its creditors.

Our experience shows that there can be no assurance that one or more of our major tenants will be immune from bankruptcy.

We may not be able to renew current leases or the terms of re-letting (including the cost of concessions to tenants) may be less favorable to us than current lease terms.

Upon the expiration of current leases for space located in our properties, we may not be able to re-let all or a portion of that space, or the terms of re-letting (including the cost of concessions to tenants) may be less favorable to us than current lease terms. If we are unable to re-let promptly all or a substantial portion of the space located in our properties or if the rental rates we receive upon re-letting are significantly lower than current rates, our net income and ability to make expected distributions to our shareholders will be adversely affected due to the resulting reduction in revenues. There can be no assurance that we will be able to retain tenants in any of our properties upon the expiration of their leases. See “Item 2. Properties—Lease Expirations” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information as to the scheduled lease expirations in our portfolio.

Our business is significantly influenced by demand for retail space generally, and a decrease in such demand may have a greater adverse effect on our business than if we owned a more diversified real estate portfolio.

A decrease in the demand for retail space, due to the economic factors discussed above or otherwise, may have a greater adverse effect on our business and financial condition than if we owned a more diversified real estate portfolio. The market for retail space has been, and could continue to be, adversely affected by weakness in the national, regional and local economies, the adverse financial condition of some large retailing companies, the ongoing consolidation in the retail sector, the excess amount of retail space in a number of markets, and increasing consumer purchases through the Internet. To the extent that any of these conditions occur, they are likely to negatively affect market rents for retail space and could materially and adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, cash flow, the trading price of our common shares and our ability to satisfy our debt service obligations and to pay distributions to our shareholders.

E-commerce can have an impact on our business because it may cause a downturn in the business of our current tenants and affect future leases.

The use of the internet by consumers continues to gain in popularity. The migration toward e-commerce is expected to continue. This increase in internet sales could result in a downturn in the business of our current tenants in their “brick and mortar” locations and could affect the way future tenants lease space.

While we devote considerable effort and resources to analyze and respond to tenant trends, preferences and consumer spending patterns, we cannot predict with certainty what future tenants will want, what future retail spaces will look like and how much revenue will be generated at traditional “bricks and mortar” locations. If we are unable to anticipate and respond promptly to trends in the market because of the illiquid nature of real estate (See the Risk Factor entitled, “Our ability to change our portfolio is limited because real estate investments are illiquid” below), our occupancy levels and financial results could suffer.


 
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The economic environment may cause us to lose tenants and may impair our ability to borrow money to purchase properties, refinance existing debt or finance our current development projects.

Our operations and performance depend on general economic conditions, including the health of the consumer. The U.S. economy has historically experienced financial downturns from time to time, including a decline in consumer spending, credit tightening and high unemployment.

While we currently believe we have adequate sources of liquidity, there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain secured or unsecured loan facilities to meet our needs, including to purchase additional properties, to complete current development projects, or to successfully refinance our properties as loans become due. To the extent that the availability of credit is limited, it would also adversely impact our notes receivable as counterparties may not be able to obtain the financing required to repay the loans upon maturity.

Certain sectors of the United States economy are still experiencing weakness. Over the past several years, this structural weakness has resulted in periods of high unemployment, the bankruptcy or weakened financial condition of a number of retailers, decreased consumer spending, increased home foreclosures, low consumer confidence, and reduced demand and rental rates for certain retail space. There can be no assurance that the recovery will continue. General economic factors that are beyond our control, including, but not limited to, economic recessions, decreases in consumer confidence, reductions in consumer credit availability, increasing consumer debt levels, rising energy costs, higher tax rates, continued business layoffs, downsizing and industry slowdowns, and/or rising inflation, could have a negative impact on the business of our retail tenants. In turn, this could have a material adverse effect on our business because current or prospective tenants may, among other things, (i) have difficulty paying their rent obligations as they struggle to sell goods and services to consumers, (ii) be unwilling to enter into or renew leases with us on favorable terms or at all, (iii) seek to terminate their existing leases with us or request rental concessions on such leases, or (iv) be forced to curtail operations or declare bankruptcy.

Political and economic uncertainty could have an adverse effect on our business.

We cannot predict how current political and economic uncertainty, including uncertainty related to taxation, will affect our critical tenants, joint venture partners, lenders, financial institutions and general economic conditions, including the health and confidence of the consumer and the volatility of the stock market.

Political and economic uncertainty poses a risk to us in that it may cause consumers to postpone discretionary spending in response to tighter credit, reduced consumer confidence and other macroeconomic factors affecting consumer spending behavior, resulting in a downturn in the business of our tenants. In the event current political and economic uncertainty results in financial turmoil affecting the banking system and financial markets generally or significant financial service institution failures, there could be a new or incremental tightening in the credit markets, low liquidity, and extreme volatility in fixed income, credit, currency and equity markets. Each of these could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and operating results.

Inflation may adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Increased inflation could have a more pronounced negative impact on our mortgage and debt interest and general and administrative expenses, as these costs could increase at a rate higher than our rents. Also, inflation may adversely affect tenant leases with stated rent increases or limits on such tenant’s obligation to pay its share of operating expenses, which could be lower than the increase in inflation at any given time. It may also limit our ability to recover all of our operating expenses. Inflation could also have an adverse effect on consumer spending, which could impact our tenants’ sales and, in turn, our average rents, and in some cases, our percentage rents, where applicable. In addition, renewals of leases or future leases may not be negotiated on current terms, in which event we may recover a smaller percentage of our operating expenses.

Many of our real estate costs are fixed, even if income from our properties decreases, which would cause a decrease in revenue.

Our financial results depend primarily on leasing space at our properties to tenants on terms favorable to us. Costs associated with real estate investment, such as real estate taxes, insurance and maintenance costs, generally are not reduced even when a property is not fully occupied, rental rates decrease, or other circumstances cause a reduction in income from the property. As a result, cash flow from the operations of our properties may be reduced if a tenant does not pay its rent or we are unable to fully lease our properties on favorable terms. Additionally, properties that we develop or redevelop may not produce any significant revenue immediately, and the cash flow from existing operations may be insufficient to pay the operating expenses and debt service associated with such projects until they are fully occupied.


 
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Our ability to change our portfolio is limited because real estate investments are illiquid.

Equity investments in real estate are relatively illiquid and, therefore, our ability to change our portfolio promptly in response to changed conditions is limited, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations and our ability to pay dividends and make distributions. In addition, the Code contains restrictions on a REITs ability to dispose of properties that are not applicable to other types of real estate companies. Our Board of Trustees may establish investment criteria or limitations as it deems appropriate, but our Board of Trustees currently does not limit the number of properties in which we may seek to invest or on the concentration of investments in any one geographic region. As discussed under the heading “Our Board of Trustees may change our investment policy without shareholder approval” below, we could change our investment, disposition and financing policies and objectives without a vote of our shareholders, but such change may be delayed or more difficult to implement due to the illiquidity of real estate.

Although we have historically used moderate levels of leverage, if we employed higher levels of leverage, it would result in increased risk of default on our obligations and in an increase in debt service requirements, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations and our ability to pay dividends and make distributions. In addition, the viability of the interest rate hedges we use is subject to the strength of the counterparties.

We have incurred, and expect to continue to incur, indebtedness to support our activities. As of December 31, 2017, our outstanding indebtedness was $1,438.4 million, of which $538.7 million was variable rate indebtedness. None of our Declaration of Trust, our bylaws or any policy statement formally adopted by our Board of Trustees limits either the total amount of indebtedness or the specified percentage of indebtedness that we may incur. Accordingly, we could become more highly leveraged, resulting in increased risk of default on our financial obligations and in an increase in debt service requirements. This in turn could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and our ability to make distributions.

Variable rate debt exposes us to changes in interest rates. Interest expense on our variable rate debt as of December 31, 2017 would increase by $5.4 million annually for a 100-basis-point increase in interest rates. This exposure would increase if we seek additional variable rate financing based on pricing and other commercial and financial terms.

We enter into interest rate hedging transactions, including interest rate swap and cap agreements, with counterparties, generally, the same lenders who made the loan in question. There can be no guarantee that the future financial condition of these counterparties will enable them to fulfill their obligations under these agreements.

Increases in interest rates would cause our borrowing costs to rise and may limit our ability to refinance debt.

Although a significant amount of our outstanding debt has fixed interest rates, we also borrow funds at variable interest rates. Increases in interest rates would increase our interest expense on any outstanding unhedged variable rate debt and would affect the terms under which we refinance our existing debt as it matures, which would adversely affect our cash flow, financial condition and results of operations.

Competition may adversely affect our ability to purchase properties and to attract and retain tenants.

There are numerous commercial developers, real estate companies, financial institutions and other investors with greater financial resources than we have that compete with us in seeking properties for acquisition and tenants who will lease space in our properties. Our competitors include other REITs, financial institutions, private funds, insurance companies, pension funds, private companies, family offices, sovereign wealth funds and individuals. This competition may result in a higher cost for properties than we wish to pay. In addition, retailers at our properties (both in our Core Portfolio and in the portfolios of the Funds) face increasing competition from outlet malls, discount shopping clubs, e-commerce, direct mail and telemarketing, which could (i) reduce rents payable to us and (ii) reduce our ability to attract and retain tenants at our properties leading to increased vacancy rates at our properties.

We could be adversely affected by poor market conditions where our properties are geographically concentrated.

Our performance depends on the economic conditions in markets in which our properties are concentrated. We have significant exposure to the greater New York and Chicago metropolitan regions, from which we derive 34% and 27% of the annual base rents within our Core Portfolio, respectively and 34% and 6% of annual base rents within our Funds, respectively. Our operating results could be adversely affected if market conditions, such as an oversupply of space or a reduction in demand for real estate, in these areas occur.


 
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We have pursued, and may in the future continue to pursue extensive growth opportunities, including investing in new markets, which may result in significant demands on our operational, administrative and financial resources.

We are pursuing extensive growth opportunities, some of which have been, and in the future may be, in locations in which we have not historically invested. This expansion places significant demands on our operational, administrative and financial resources. The continued growth of our real estate portfolio can be expected to continue to place a significant strain on our resources. Our future performance will depend in part on our ability to successfully attract and retain qualified management personnel to manage the growth and operations of our business. In addition, the acquired properties may fail to operate at expected levels due to the numerous factors that may affect the value of real estate. There can be no assurance that we will have sufficient resources to identify and manage the properties.

Our inability to raise capital for our Funds or to carry out our growth strategy could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

Our earnings growth strategy is based on the acquisition and development of additional properties, including acquisitions of core properties through our Operating Partnership and our high return investment programs through our Fund platform. The consummation of any future acquisitions will be subject to satisfactory completion of our extensive valuation analysis and due diligence review and to the negotiation of definitive documentation. We cannot be sure that we will be able to implement our strategy because we may have difficulty finding new properties, obtaining necessary entitlements, negotiating with new or existing tenants or securing acceptable financing. Furthermore, if we were unable to obtain sufficient investor capital commitments in order to initiate future Funds, this would adversely impact our current growth strategy.

Acquisitions of additional properties entail the risk that investments will fail to perform in accordance with expectations, including operating and leasing expectations. In the context of our business plan, “development” generally means an expansion or renovation of an existing property. Development is subject to numerous risks, including risks of construction delays, cost overruns or uncontrollable events that may increase project costs, new project commencement risks such as the receipt of zoning, occupancy and other required governmental approvals and permits, and incurring development costs in connection with projects that are not pursued to completion.

Historically, a component of our growth strategy has been through private-equity type investments made through our RCP Venture. These have included investments in operating retailers. The inability of the retailers to operate profitably would have an adverse impact on income realized from these investments. Through our investments in joint ventures we have also invested in operating businesses that have operational risk in addition to the risks associated with real estate investments, including among other risks, human capital issues, adequate supply of product and material, and merchandising issues.

Our development and construction activities could affect our operating results.

We intend to continue the selective development and construction of retail properties, with our project at City Point currently being our largest development project (see “Item 1. Business—Investing Activities–Funds–Development Activities” for a description of the City Point project).

As opportunities arise, we may delay construction until sufficient pre-leasing is reached and financing is in place. Our development and construction activities include risks that:

•
We may abandon development opportunities after expending resources to determine feasibility;
•
Construction costs of a project may exceed our original estimates;
•
Occupancy rates and rents at a newly completed property may not be sufficient to make the property profitable;
•
Financing for development of a property may not be available to us on favorable terms;
•
We may not complete construction and lease-up on schedule, resulting in increased debt service expense and construction costs, including labor and material costs; and
•
We may not be able to obtain, or may experience delays in obtaining necessary zoning and land use approvals as well as building, occupancy and other required governmental permits and authorizations.

In addition, the entitlement and development of real estate entails extensive approval processes, sometimes involving multiple regulatory jurisdictions. It is common for a project to require multiple approvals, permits and consents from U.S. federal, state and local governing and regulatory bodies. Compliance with these and other regulations and standards is time intensive and costly and may require additional long range infrastructure review and approvals which can add to project cost. In addition, development of properties containing delineated wetlands may require one or more permits from the U.S. federal government and/or state and

 
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local governmental agencies. Any of these issues can materially affect the cost, timing and economic viability of our development and redevelopment projects.
At times, we may also be required to use unionized construction workers or to pay the prevailing wage in a jurisdiction to unionized workers. Due to the highly labor intensive and price competitive nature of the construction business, the cost of unionization and/or prevailing wage requirements for new developments or redevelopments could be substantial. Unionization and prevailing wage requirements could adversely affect a project’s profitability. In addition, union activity or a union workforce could increase the risk of a strike, which would adversely affect our ability to meet our construction timetables, which could adversely affect our reputation and our results of operations.
Additionally, the time frame required for development, construction and lease-up of these properties means that we may not realize a significant cash return for several years. If any of the above events occur, the development of properties may hinder our growth and have an adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows. In addition, new development activities, regardless of whether or not they are ultimately successful, typically require substantial time and attention from management.

Developments and acquisitions may fail to perform as expected which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Our investment strategy includes the development and acquisition of retail properties in supply constrained markets in densely populated areas with high average household incomes and significant barriers to entry. The development and acquisition of properties entails risks that include the following, any of which could adversely affect our results of operations and our ability to meet our obligations:

•
The property may fail to achieve the returns we have projected, either temporarily or for extended periods;
•
We may not be able to identify suitable properties to acquire or may be unable to complete the acquisition of the properties we identify;
•
We may not be able to integrate an acquisition into our existing operations successfully;
•
Properties we redevelop or acquire may fail to achieve the occupancy or rental rates we project, within the time frames we project, in each case, at the time we make the decision to invest, which may result in the properties' failure to achieve the returns we projected;
•
Our pre-acquisition evaluation of the physical condition of each new investment may not detect certain defects or identify necessary repairs until after the property is acquired, which could significantly increase our total acquisition costs or decrease cash flow from the property; and
•
Our investigation of a property or building prior to our acquisition, and any representations we may receive from the seller of such building or property, may fail to reveal various liabilities, which could reduce the cash flow from the property or increase our acquisition cost.

We operate through a partnership structure, which could have an adverse effect on our ability to manage our assets.

Our primary property-owning vehicle is the Operating Partnership, of which we are the general partner. Our acquisition of properties through the Operating Partnership in exchange for interests in the Operating Partnership may permit certain tax deferral advantages to limited partners who contribute properties to the Operating Partnership. Since properties contributed to the Operating Partnership may have unrealized gains attributable to the differences between the fair market value and adjusted tax basis in such properties prior to contribution, the sale of such properties could cause adverse tax consequences to the limited partners who contributed such properties. Although we, as the general partner of the Operating Partnership, generally have no obligation to consider the tax consequences of our actions to any limited partner, we own several properties subject to material contractual restrictions for varying periods of time designed to minimize the adverse tax consequences to the limited partners who contributed such properties. Such restrictions may result in significantly reduced flexibility to manage some of our assets.

We currently have an exclusive obligation to seek investments for our Funds which may prevent us from making acquisitions directly.

Under the terms of the organizational documents of our current Fund, our primary goal is to seek investments for the Fund, subject to certain exceptions. We may only pursue opportunities to acquire retail properties directly through the Operating Partnership if (i) the ownership of the acquisition opportunity by the Fund would create a material conflict of interest for us; (ii) we require the acquisition opportunity for a “like-kind” exchange; (iii) the consideration payable for the acquisition opportunity is our Common Shares, OP Units or other securities or (iv) the investment is outside the parameters of our investment goals for the Fund (which, in general, seeks more opportunistic level returns). As a result, we may not be able to make attractive acquisitions directly and instead may only receive a minority interest in such acquisitions through the Fund.


 
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Our joint venture investments carry additional risks not present in our direct investments.

Partnership or joint venture investments may involve risks not otherwise present for investments made solely by us, including the possibility that our partner or co-venturer might become bankrupt, and that our partner or co-venturer may take action contrary to our instructions, requests, policies or objectives, including with respect to maintaining our qualification as a REIT. Other risks of joint venture investments include impasse on decisions, such as a sale, because neither we nor a joint venture partner may have full control over the joint venture. Also, there is no limitation under our organizational documents as to the amount of our funds that may be invested in joint ventures.

Additionally, our partners or co-venturers may engage in malfeasance in spite of our efforts to perform a high level of due diligence on them. Such acts may or may not be covered by insurance. Finally, partners and co-venturers may engage in illegal activities which may jeopardize an investment and/or subject us to reputational risk.

Any disputes that may arise between joint venture partners and us may result in litigation or arbitration that would increase our expenses and prevent our officers and/or trustees from focusing their time and effort on our business. Consequently, actions by or disputes with joint venture partners might result in subjecting properties owned by the joint venture to additional risk. In addition, we may in certain circumstances be liable for the actions of our third-party joint venture partners.

Historically, Fund I, Mervyns I and Fund III have provided Promote income. There can be no assurance that our joint ventures will continue to operate profitably and thus provide additional Promote income in the future. These factors could limit the return that we receive from such investments or cause our cash flows to be lower than our estimates. In addition, a partner or co-venturer may not have access to sufficient capital to satisfy its funding obligations to the joint venture.

Our structured financing portfolio is subject to specific risks relating to the structure and terms of the instruments and the underlying collateral.

We invest in notes receivables and preferred equity investments that are collateralized by the underlying real estate, a direct interest or the borrower’s ownership interest in the entities that own the properties and/or by the borrower’s personal guarantee. The underlying assets are sometimes subordinate in payment and collateral to more senior loans. The ability of a borrower or entity to make payments on these investments may be subject to the senior lender and/or the performance of the underlying real estate. In the event of a default by the borrower or entity on its senior loan, our investment will only be satisfied after the senior loan and we may not be able to recover the full value of the investment. In the event of a bankruptcy of an entity in which we have a preferred equity interest, or in which the borrower has pledged its interest, the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to satisfy our investment.

Market factors could have an adverse effect on our share price and our ability to access the public equity markets.

The market price of our Common Shares or other securities may fluctuate significantly in response to many factors, including:

•
actual or anticipated variations in our operating results, funds from operations, cash flows or liquidity;
•
changes in our earnings estimates or those of analysts;
•
changes in our dividend policy;
•
impairment charges affecting the carrying value of one or more of our Properties or other assets;
•
publication of research reports about us, the retail industry or the real estate industry generally;
•
increases in market interest rates that lead purchasers of our securities to seek higher dividend or interest rate yields;
•
changes in market valuations of similar companies;
•
adverse market reaction to the amount of our outstanding debt at any time, the amount of our maturing debt in the near and medium term and our ability to refinance such debt and the terms thereof or our plans to incur additional debt in the future;
•
additions or departures of key management personnel;
•
actions by institutional security holders;
•
proposed or adopted regulatory or legislative changes or developments;
•
speculation in the press or investment community;
•
the occurrence of any of the other risk factors included in, or incorporated by reference in, this report; and
•
general market and economic conditions.

 
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Many of the factors listed above are beyond our control. Those factors may cause the market price of our Common Shares or other securities to decline significantly, regardless of our financial performance and condition and prospects. It is impossible to provide any assurance that the market price of our Common Shares or other securities will not fall in the future, and it may be difficult for holders to sell such securities at prices they find attractive, or at all. A decline in our share price, as a result of this or other market factors, could unfavorably impact our ability to raise additional equity in the public markets.

RISKS RELATED TO STRUCTURE AND MANAGEMENT

The loss of a key executive officer could have an adverse effect on us.

Our success depends on the contribution of key management members. The loss of the services of Kenneth F. Bernstein, President and Chief Executive Officer, or other key executive-level employees could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Management continues to strengthen our team and provide for succession planning, but there can be no assurance that such planning will be capable of implementation or of the success of such efforts. We have obtained key-man life insurance for Mr. Bernstein. In addition, we have entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Bernstein; however, the employment agreement can be terminated by Mr. Bernstein at his discretion. We have not entered into employment agreements with other key executive-level employees.

Our Board of Trustees may change our investment policy or objectives without shareholder approval.

Our Board of Trustees may determine to change our investment and financing policies or objectives, our growth strategy and our debt, capitalization, distribution, acquisition, disposition and operating policies. Our Board of Trustees may establish investment criteria or limitations as it deems appropriate, but currently does not limit the number of properties in which we may seek to invest or on the concentration of investments in any one geographic region. Although our Board of Trustees has no present intention to revise or amend our strategies and policies, it may do so at any time without a vote by our shareholders. Accordingly, the results of decisions made by our Board of Trustees as implemented by management may or may not serve the interests of all of our shareholders and could adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations, including our ability to distribute cash to shareholders or qualify as a REIT.

Distribution requirements imposed by law limit our operating flexibility.

To maintain our status as a REIT for Federal income tax purposes, we are generally required to distribute to our shareholders at least 90% of our taxable income for each calendar year. Our taxable income is determined without regard to any deduction for dividends paid and by excluding net capital gains. To the extent that we satisfy the distribution requirement, but distribute less than 100% of our taxable income, we will be subject to Federal corporate income tax on our undistributed income. In addition, we will incur a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which our distributions in any year are less than the sum of (i) 85% of our ordinary income for that year; (ii) 95% of our capital gain net income for that year; and (iii) 100% of our undistributed taxable income from prior years. We intend to continue to make distributions to our shareholders to comply with the distribution requirements of the Internal Revenue Code and to minimize exposure to Federal income and excise taxes. Differences in timing between the receipt of income and the payment of expenses in determining our income as well as required debt amortization payments and the capitalization of certain expenses could require us to borrow funds on a short-term basis to meet the distribution requirements that are necessary to achieve the tax benefits associated with qualifying as a REIT. The distribution requirements also severely limit our ability to retain earnings to acquire and improve properties or retire outstanding debt.

Changes in accounting standards may adversely impact our financial results.

The Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”), in conjunction with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, has issued several key pronouncements that will impact how we currently account for our material transactions, including, but not limited to, lease accounting, business combinations and the recognition of other revenues. In addition, the FASB has the ability to introduce new projects to its agenda which may also impact how we account for our material transactions. At this time, we are unable to predict with certainty which, if any, proposals may be passed, what new legislation may be implemented or what level of impact any such proposal could have on the presentation of our consolidated financial statements, our results of operations and our financial ratios required by our debt covenants.





 
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Concentration of ownership by certain investors.

As of December 31, 2017, five institutional shareholders own 5% or more individually, and 59.5% in the aggregate, of our Common Shares. While this ownership concentration does not jeopardize our qualification as a REIT (due to certain “look-through provisions”), a significant concentration of ownership may allow an investor or a group of investors to exert a greater influence over our management and affairs and may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us.

Restrictions on a potential change of control could prevent changes that would be beneficial to our shareholders.

Our Board of Trustees is authorized by our Declaration of Trust to establish and issue one or more series of preferred shares of beneficial interest without shareholder approval. We have not established any series of preferred shares other than the Series A and Series C Preferred Operating Partnership Units. However, the establishment and issuance of a class or series of preferred shares could make a change of control of us that could be in the best interests of the shareholders more difficult. In addition, we have entered into an employment agreement with our Chief Executive Officer and severance agreements are in place with certain of our executives which provide that, upon the occurrence of a change in control of us and either the termination of their employment without cause (as defined) or their resignation for good reason (as defined), those executive officers would be entitled to certain termination or severance payments made by us (which may include a lump sum payment equal to defined percentages of annual salary and prior years' average bonuses, paid in accordance with the terms and conditions of the respective agreement), which could deter a change of control of us that could be in the best interests of our shareholders generally.

Certain provisions of Maryland law may limit the ability of a third party to acquire control of our Company.

Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, as amended, which we refer to as the “MGCL,” as applicable to REITs, certain “business combinations,” including certain mergers, consolidations, share exchanges and asset transfers and certain issuances and reclassifications of equity securities, between a Maryland REIT and any person who beneficially owns 10% or more of the voting power of the REIT's outstanding voting shares or an affiliate or an associate, as defined in the MGCL, of the REIT who, at any time within the two-year period immediately prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner of 10% or more of the voting power of the then-outstanding shares of beneficial interest of the REIT, which we refer to as an “interested shareholder,” or an affiliate of the interested shareholder, are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the interested shareholder becomes an interested shareholder. After that five-year period, any such business combination must be recommended by the board of trustees of the REIT and approved by the affirmative vote of at least (i) 80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares of beneficial interest of the REIT and (ii) two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting shares of the REIT other than shares held by the interested shareholder with whom, or with whose affiliate, the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested shareholder, unless, among other conditions, the REIT's common shareholders receive a minimum price, as defined in the MGCL, for their shares and the consideration is received in cash or in the same form as previously paid by the interested shareholder for its Common Shares.

These provisions of the MGCL do not apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by the board of trustees of the REIT before the interested shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, and a person is not an interested shareholder if the board of trustees approved in advance the transaction by which the person otherwise would have become an interested shareholder. In approving a transaction, our Board of Trustees may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the Board. We have not elected to opt out of the business combination statute.

The MGCL also provides that holders of “control shares” of a Maryland REIT (defined as voting shares that, when aggregated with all other shares owned by the acquirer or in respect of which the acquirer is entitled to exercise or direct the exercise of voting power (except solely by virtue of a revocable proxy), would entitle the acquirer to exercise one of three increasing ranges of voting power in electing trustees) acquired in a “control share acquisition” (defined as the direct or indirect acquisition of ownership or control of “control shares”) have no voting rights except to the extent approved by the affirmative vote of holders of at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, excluding shares owned by the acquirer, by officers or by employees who are also trustees of the REIT. Our Bylaws contain a provision exempting from the control share acquisition statute any and all acquisitions by any person of our shares of beneficial interest. Our Bylaws can be amended by our Board of Trustees by majority vote, and there can be no assurance that this provision will not be amended or eliminated at any time in the future.

Additionally, Title 3, Subtitle 8 of the MGCL permits our Board of Trustees, without shareholder approval and regardless of what is currently provided in our Declaration of Trust or Bylaws, to elect to be subject to certain provisions relating to corporate governance that may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or a change of control of our Company that might involve a premium to the market price of our Common Shares or otherwise be in the best interests of our shareholders. We are subject to some of these provisions (for example, a two-thirds vote requirement for removing a trustee) by provisions of our

 
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Declaration of Trust and Bylaws unrelated to Subtitle 8. However, pursuant to the Articles Supplementary filed November 9, 2017, which are referenced in Part IV Item 15 hereto, the Board of Trustees approved a resolution to opt out of Section 3-803 of Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the MGCL that allows the Board, without shareholder approval, to elect to classify into three classes with staggered three-year terms. The Articles Supplementary prohibit the Company, without the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast on the matter by shareholders entitled to vote generally in the election of trustees, from classifying the Board.

Becoming subject to, or the potential to become subject to, these provisions of the MGCL could inhibit, delay or prevent a transaction or a change of control of our Company that might involve a premium price for our shareholders or otherwise be in our or their best interests. In addition, the provisions of our Declaration of Trust on removal of trustees and the provisions of our Bylaws regarding advance notice of shareholder nominations of trustees and other business proposals and restricting shareholder action outside of a shareholders meeting unless such action is taken by unanimous written consent could have a similar effect.

Our rights and shareholders' rights to take action against trustees and officers are limited, which could limit recourse in the event of actions not in the best interests of shareholders.

As permitted by Maryland law, our Declaration of Trust eliminates the liability of our trustees and officers to the Company and its shareholders for money damages, except for liability resulting from:

•
actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services; or
•
a final judgment based upon a finding of active and deliberate dishonesty by the trustee or officer that was material to the cause of action adjudicated.

In addition, our Declaration of Trust authorizes, and our Bylaws obligate, us to indemnify each present or former trustee or officer, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law, who is made a party to any proceeding because of his or her service to our Company in those or certain other capacities. As part of these indemnification obligations, we may be obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by our trustees and officers.

Outages, computer viruses and similar events could disrupt our operations.

We rely on information technology networks and systems, some of which are owned and operated by third parties, to process, transmit and store electronic information. Any of these systems may be susceptible to outages due to fire, floods, power loss, telecommunications failures, terrorist or cyber-attacks and similar events. Despite the implementation of network security measures, our systems and those of third parties on which we rely may also be vulnerable to computer viruses and similar disruptions. If we or the third parties on whom we rely are unable to prevent such outages and breaches, our operations could be disrupted.

Increased Information Technology (“IT”) security threats and more sophisticated computer crime could pose a risk to our systems, networks and services.

Cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. There have been an increased number of significant cyber-attacks targeted at the retail, insurance, financial and banking industries that include, but are not limited to, gaining unauthorized access to digital systems for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive information, corrupting data or causing operational disruption. Cyber-attacks may also be carried out in a manner that does not require gaining unauthorized access, such as by causing denial-of-service attacks on websites. Cyber-attacks by third parties or insiders utilize techniques that range from highly sophisticated efforts to electronically circumvent network security or overwhelm a website to more traditional intelligence gathering and social engineering aimed at obtaining information necessary to gain access.

Increased global IT security threats are more sophisticated and targeted computer crimes pose a risk to the security of our systems and networks and the confidentiality, availability and integrity of our data. The open nature of interconnected technologies may allow for a network or Web outage or a privacy breach that reveals sensitive data or transmission of harmful/malicious code to business partners and clients. The techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems change frequently and may be difficult to detect for long periods of time, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventive measures.

Cyber-attacks may cause substantial cost and other negative consequences, which may include, but are not limited to:

•
Compromising of confidential information;
•
Manipulation and destruction of data;
•
Loss of trade secrets;
•
System downtimes and operational disruptions;

 
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•
Remediation cost that may include liability for stolen assets or information and repairing system damage that may have been caused. Remediation may include incentives offered to customers, tenants or other business partners in an effort to maintain the business relationships or due to legal requirements imposed;
•
Loss of revenues resulting from unauthorized use of proprietary information;
•
Cost to deploy additional protection strategies, training employees and engaging third party experts and consultants;
•
Reputational damage adversely affecting investor confidence; and
•
Litigation.

While we attempt to mitigate these risks by employing a number of measures, including a dedicated IT team, employee training and background checks, maintenance of backup systems, utilization of third party service providers to provide redundancy over multiple locations, and comprehensive monitoring of our networks and systems along with purchasing cyber security insurance coverage, our systems, networks and services remain potentially vulnerable to advanced threats.
If a Third-Party Vendor fails to provide agreed upon services, we may suffer losses.

We are dependent and rely on third party vendors including Cloud providers for redundancy of our network, system data, security and data integrity. If a vendor fails to provide services as agreed, suffers outages, business interruptions, financial difficulties or bankruptcy we may experience service interruption, delays or loss of information. Cloud computing is dependent upon having access to an internet connection in order to retrieve data. If a natural disaster, blackout or other unforeseen event were to occur that disrupted the ability to obtain an internet connection we may experience a slowdown or delay in our operations. We conduct appropriate due diligence on all services providers and restrict access, use and disclosure of personal information. We engage vendors with formal written agreements clearly defining the roles of the parties specifying privacy and data security responsibilities.

Use of social media may adversely impact our reputation and business.

There has been a significant increase in the use of social media platforms, including weblogs, social media websites and other forms of Internet-based communications, which allow individuals access to a broad audience, including our significant business constituents. The availability of information through these platforms is virtually immediate as is its impact and may be posted at any time without affording us an opportunity to redress or correct it timely. This information may be adverse to our interests, may be inaccurate and may harm our reputation, brand image, goodwill, performance, prospects or business. Furthermore, these platforms increase the risk of unauthorized disclosure of material non-public Company information.

Climate change and catastrophic risk from natural perils could adversely affect our properties.

Some of our current properties could be subject to potential natural or other disasters. We may acquire properties that are located in areas which are subject to natural disasters. Any properties located in coastal regions would therefore be affected by any future increases in sea levels or in the frequency or severity of hurricanes and tropical storms, whether such increases are caused by global climate changes or other factors.

Climate change is a long-term change in the statistical distribution of weather patterns over periods of time that range from decades to millions of years. It may be a change in the average weather conditions or a change in the distribution of weather events with respect to an average, for example, greater or fewer extreme weather events. Climate change may be limited to a specific region, or may occur across the whole Earth.

There may be significant physical effects of climate change that have the potential to have a material effect on our business and operations. These effects can impact our personnel, physical assets, tenants and overall operations.
Physical impacts of climate change may include:

•
Increased storm intensity and severity of weather (e.g., floods or hurricanes);
•
Sea level rise; and
•
Extreme temperatures.

As a result of these physical impacts from climate-related events, we may be vulnerable to the following:

•
Risks of property damage to our retail properties;
•
Indirect financial and operational impacts from disruptions to the operations of major tenants located in our retail properties from severe weather, such as hurricanes or floods;
•
Increased insurance premiums and deductibles, or a decrease in the availability of coverage, for properties in areas subject to severe weather;

 
19
 




•
Increased insurance claims and liabilities;
•
Increases in energy costs impacting operational returns;
•
Changes in the availability or quality of water or other natural resources on which the tenant's business depends;
•
Decreased consumer demand for consumer products or services resulting from physical changes associated with climate change (e.g., warmer temperatures or decreasing shoreline could reduce demand for residential and commercial properties previously viewed as desirable);
•
Incorrect long-term valuation of an equity investment due to changing conditions not previously anticipated at the time of the investment; and
•
Economic disruptions arising from the above.

We are exposed to possible liability relating to environmental matters.

Under various Federal, state and local environmental laws, statutes, ordinances, rules and regulations, as an owner of real property, we may be liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances at, on, in or under our property, as well as certain other potential costs relating to hazardous or toxic substances (including government fines and penalties and damages for injuries to persons and adjacent property). These laws may impose liability without regard to whether we knew of, or were responsible for, the presence or disposal of those substances. This liability may be imposed on us in connection with the activities of an operator of, or tenant at, the property. The cost of any required remediation, removal, fines or personal or property damages and our liability therefore could exceed the value of the property and/or our aggregate assets. In addition, the presence of those substances, or the failure to properly dispose of or remove those substances, may adversely affect our ability to sell or rent that property or to borrow using that property as collateral, which, in turn, could reduce our revenues and affect our ability to make distributions.

A property can also be adversely affected either through physical contamination or by virtue of an adverse effect upon value attributable to the migration of hazardous or toxic substances, or other contaminants that have or may have emanated from other properties. Although our tenants are primarily responsible for any environmental damages and claims related to the leased premises, in the event of the bankruptcy or inability of any of our tenants to satisfy any obligations with respect to the property leased to that tenant, we may be required to satisfy such obligations. In addition, we may be held directly liable for any such damages or claims irrespective of the provisions of any lease.

From time to time, in connection with the conduct of our business, and prior to the acquisition of any property from a third party or as required by our financing sources, we authorize the preparation of Phase I environmental reports and, when necessary, Phase II environmental reports, with respect to our properties. Based upon these environmental reports and our ongoing review of our properties, we are currently not aware of any environmental condition with respect to any of our properties that we believe would be reasonably likely to have a material adverse effect on us. There can be no assurance, however, that the environmental reports will reveal all environmental conditions at our properties or that the following will not expose us to material liability in the future:

•
The discovery of previously unknown environmental conditions;
•
Changes in law;
•
Activities of tenants; and
•
Activities relating to properties in the vicinity of our properties.

Changes in laws increasing the potential liability for environmental conditions existing on properties or increasing the restrictions on discharges or other conditions may result in significant unanticipated expenditures or may otherwise adversely affect the operations of our tenants, which could adversely affect our financial condition or results of operations.

Uninsured losses or a loss in excess of insured limits could adversely affect our financial condition.

We carry comprehensive general liability, all-risk property, extended coverage, loss of rent insurance, and environmental liability on our properties, with policy specifications and insured limits customarily carried for similar properties. However, with respect to those properties where the leases do not provide for abatement of rent under any circumstances, we maintain a minimum of twelve months loss of rent insurance. In addition, there are certain types of losses, such as losses resulting from wars, terrorism or acts of God that generally are not insured because they are either uninsurable or not economically insurable. Should an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of insured limits occur, we could lose capital invested in a property, as well as the anticipated future revenues from a property, while remaining obligated for any mortgage indebtedness or other financial obligations related to the property. Any loss of these types would adversely affect our financial condition.




 
20
 




Future terrorist attacks or civil unrest could harm the demand for, and the value of, our properties.

Over the past several years, a number of highly publicized terrorist acts and shootings have occurred at domestic and international retail properties. Future terrorist attacks, civil unrest and other acts of terrorism or war could harm the demand for, and the value of, our properties. Terrorist attacks could directly impact the value of our properties through damage, destruction, loss or increased security costs, and the availability of insurance for such acts may be limited or may be subject to substantial cost increases. To the extent that our tenants are impacted by future attacks, their ability to continue to honor obligations under their existing leases could be adversely affected. A decrease in retail demand could make it difficult for us to renew or re-lease our properties at lease rates equal to or above historical rates. These acts might erode business and consumer confidence and spending, and might result in increased volatility in national and international financial markets and economies. Any one of these events might decrease demand for real estate, decrease or delay the occupancy of our properties, and limit our access to capital or increase our cost of raising capital.

We may from time to time be subject to litigation that may negatively impact our cash flow, financial condition, results of operations and the trading price of our Common Shares.

We may from time to time be a defendant in lawsuits and regulatory proceedings relating to our business. Such litigation and proceedings may result in defense costs, settlements, fines or judgments against us, some of which may not be covered by insurance. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation and regulatory proceedings, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of any such litigation or proceedings. An unfavorable outcome could negatively impact our cash flow, financial condition, results of operations and trading price of our Common Shares.

Compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act and fire, safety and other regulations may require us to make unplanned expenditures that adversely affect our cash flows.

All of our properties are required to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act, or ADA. The ADA has separate compliance requirements for “public accommodations” and “commercial facilities,” but generally requires that buildings be made accessible to people with disabilities. Compliance with the ADA requirements could require removal of access barriers, and non-compliance could result in imposition of fines by the U.S. government or an award of damages to private litigants, or both. While the tenants to whom we lease properties are obligated by law to comply with the ADA provisions, and are typically obligated to cover costs of compliance, if required changes involve greater expenditures than anticipated, or if the changes must be made on a more accelerated basis than anticipated, the ability of these tenants to cover costs could be adversely affected. As a result of the foregoing or if a tenant is not obligated to cover the cost of compliance, we could be required to expend funds to comply with the provisions of the ADA, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition and our ability to make distributions to shareholders. In addition, we are required to operate our properties in compliance with fire and safety regulations, building codes and other land use regulations, as they may be adopted by governmental agencies and bodies and become applicable to the properties. We may be required to make substantial capital expenditures to comply with those requirements, and these expenditures could have a material adverse effect on our ability to meet our financial obligations and make distributions to shareholders.

RISKS RELATED TO OUR REIT STATUS

There can be no assurance we have qualified or will remain qualified as a REIT for Federal income tax purposes.

We believe that we have consistently met the requirements for qualification as a REIT for Federal income tax purposes beginning with our taxable year ended December 31, 1993, and we intend to continue to meet these requirements in the future. However, qualification as a REIT involves the application of highly technical and complex provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, for which there may be only limited judicial or administrative interpretations. No assurance can be given that we have qualified or will remain qualified as a REIT. The Internal Revenue Code provisions and income tax regulations applicable to REITs differ significantly from those applicable to other entities. The determination of various factual matters and circumstances not entirely within our control can potentially affect our ability to continue to qualify as a REIT. In addition, no assurance can be given that future legislation, regulations, administrative interpretations or court decisions will not significantly change the requirements for qualification as a REIT or adversely affect the Federal income tax consequences of such qualification. Under current law, if we fail to qualify as a REIT, we would not be allowed a deduction for dividends paid to shareholders in computing our net taxable income. In addition, our income would be subject to tax at the regular corporate rates. Also, we could be disqualified from treatment as a REIT for the four taxable years following the year during which qualification was lost. Cash available for distribution to our shareholders would be significantly reduced for each year in which we do not qualify as a REIT. In that event, we would not be required to continue to make distributions. Although we currently intend to continue to qualify as a REIT, it is possible that future economic, market, legal, tax or other considerations may cause us, without the consent of our shareholders, to revoke the REIT election or to otherwise take action that would result in disqualification.

 
21
 





Legislative or regulatory tax changes could have an adverse effect on us.

There are a number of issues associated with an investment in a REIT that are related to the Federal income tax laws, including, but not limited to, the consequences of our failing to continue to qualify as a REIT. At any time, the Federal income tax laws governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws may be amended or modified. Any new laws or interpretations may take effect retroactively and could adversely affect us or our shareholders. Reduced tax rates applicable to certain corporate dividends paid to most domestic noncorporate shareholders are not generally available to REIT shareholders since a REIT's income generally is not subject to corporate level tax. As a result, investment in non-REIT corporations may be viewed as relatively more attractive than investment in REITs by domestic noncorporate investors. Moreover, in the event that there is a reduction in tax rates applicable to corporate dividends, or a reduction in the corporate tax rate, such views may strengthen as the perceived benefits of investing in REITs by domestic noncorporate investors may decline. The foregoing factors could adversely affect the market price of our shares.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) signed into law by the President on December 22, 2017 makes significant changes to the Code, including changes that impact REITs and their shareholders, among others. In particular, the Act reduces the maximum corporate tax rate from 35% to 21%. In addition, for tax years beginning before January 1, 2026, the Act permits up to a 20% deduction for individuals, trusts, and estates with respect to their receipt of “qualified REIT dividends”, which are dividends from a REIT that are not capital gain dividends and are not qualified dividend income. These changes generally result in an effective maximum U.S. federal income tax rate on such dividends of 29.6%, if the deduction is allowed in full. However, by reducing the corporate tax rate, it is possible that the Act will nevertheless reduce the relative attractiveness to investors (as compared with potential alternative investments) of the generally single level of taxation on REIT distributions. Although certain changes to the Code are generally advantageous to REITs and their shareholders, the full ramifications of the Act remain unclear and will likely remain unclear for an indeterminate period of time. Key provisions of the Act that could impact us and the market price of our shares include the following:

•
temporarily reducing individual U.S. federal income tax rates on ordinary income; the highest individual U.S. federal income tax rate is reduced from 39.6% to 37% (through tax years beginning before January 1, 2026), while eliminating miscellaneous itemized deductions and limiting state and local tax deductions;

•
reducing the maximum corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, which reduces, but does not eliminate, the competitive advantage that REITs enjoy relative to non-REIT corporations;

•
permitting (subject to certain limitations) a deduction for certain pass-through business income, including, as noted above, dividends received by our shareholders that are not designated by us as capital gain dividends or qualified dividend income, which will allow individuals, trusts, and estates to deduct up to 20% of such amounts, generally resulting in an effective maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of 29.6% on such dividends, if the deduction is allowed in full (through tax years beginning before January 1, 2026);

•
reducing the highest rate of withholding with respect to our distributions to non-U.S. shareholders that are treated as attributable to gains from the sale or exchange of U.S. real property interests from 35% to 21%;

•
limiting our deduction for net operating losses to 80% of taxable income (prior to the application of the dividends paid deduction), where taxable income is determined without regarding to the net operating loss deduction itself, and generally eliminating net operating loss carrybacks and allowing unused net operating losses to be carried forward indefinitely;

•
amending the limitation on the deduction of net interest expense for all businesses, other than certain electing real estate businesses (which could adversely affect any of our taxable REIT subsidiaries (each, a “TRS”), including any new TRS that we may form);

•
expanding the ability of businesses to deduct the cost of certain purchases of property in the year in which such property is purchased; and

•
eliminating the corporate alternative minimum tax.

In addition to the foregoing, the Act may impact our tenants, the retail real estate market, and the overall economy, which may have an effect on us. It is not possible to state with certainty at this time the effect of the Tax Reform Act on us and on an investment in our shares


 
22
 




We may be required to borrow funds or sell assets to satisfy our REIT distribution requirements.

Our cash flows may be insufficient to fund distributions required to maintain our qualification as a REIT as a result of differences in timing between the actual receipt of income and the recognition of income for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, or the effect of non-deductible expenditures, such as capital expenditures, payments of compensation for which Section 162(m) of the Code denies a deduction, the creation of reserves or required amortization payments. If we do not have other funds available in these situations, we may need to borrow funds on a short-term basis or sell assets, even if the then- prevailing market conditions are not favorable for these borrowings or sales, in order to satisfy our REIT distribution requirements. Such actions could adversely affect our cash flow and results of operations.

Dividends payable by REITs generally do not qualify for reduced tax rates.

Certain qualified dividends paid by corporations to individuals, trusts and estates that are U.S. shareholders are taxed at capital gain rates, which are lower than ordinary income rates. Dividends of current and accumulated earnings and profits payable by REITs, however, are taxed at ordinary income rates as opposed to the capital gain rates. From 2018 through 2025, certain REIT shareholders will be permitted to deduct 20% of ordinary REIT dividends received. Dividends payable by REITs in excess of these earnings and profits generally are treated as a non-taxable reduction of the shareholders’ basis in the shares to the extent thereof and thereafter as taxable gain. The more favorable rates applicable to regular corporate dividends could cause investors who are individuals, trusts and estates to perceive investments in REITs, including us, to be relatively less attractive than investments in the stock of non-REIT corporations that pay dividends, which may negatively impact the trading prices of our securities.

Complying with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities or liquidate otherwise attractive investments.

To qualify as a REIT, we must continually satisfy tests concerning, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the amounts we distribute to our shareholders and the ownership of our Common Shares. In order to meet these tests, we may be required to forego investments we might otherwise make and refrain from engaging in certain activities. Thus, compliance with the REIT requirements may hinder our performance.

In addition, if we fail to comply with certain asset ownership tests at the end of any calendar quarter, we must correct the failure within 30 days after the end of the calendar quarter or qualify for certain statutory relief provisions to avoid losing our REIT qualification. As a result, we may be required to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.

We have limits on ownership of our shares of beneficial interest.

For us to qualify as a REIT for Federal income tax purposes, among other requirements, not more than 50% of the value of our shares of beneficial interest may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include certain entities) at any time during the last half of each taxable year, and such shares of beneficial interest must be beneficially owned by 100 or more persons during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year (in each case, other than the first such year). Our Declaration of Trust includes certain restrictions regarding transfers of our shares of beneficial interest and ownership limits that are intended to assist us in satisfying these limitations, among other purposes. These restrictions and limits may not be adequate in all cases, however, to prevent the transfer of our shares of beneficial interest in violation of the ownership limitations. The ownership limits contained in our Declaration of Trust may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change of control of us.

Actual or constructive ownership of our shares of beneficial interest in excess of the share ownership limits contained in our Declaration of Trust would cause the violative transfer or ownership to be null and void from the beginning and subject to purchase by us at a price equal to the fair market value of such shares (determined in accordance with the rules set forth in our Declaration of Trust). As a result, if a violative transfer were made, the recipient of the shares would not acquire any economic or voting rights attributable to the transferred shares. Additionally, the constructive ownership rules for these limits are complex and groups of related individuals or entities may be deemed a single owner and consequently in violation of the share ownership limits.


ITEM 1B.
UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.

None.


 
23
 




ITEM 2.PROPERTIES.

Retail Properties

The discussion and tables in this Item 2. include wholly-owned and partially-owned properties held through our Core Portfolio and our Funds. We define our Core Portfolio as those properties either 100% owned by, or partially owned through joint venture interests by the Operating Partnership or subsidiaries thereof, not including those properties owned through our Funds.

As of December 31, 2017, there are 116 operating properties in our Core Portfolio totaling approximately 6.3 million square feet of gross leasable area (“GLA”) excluding two properties under development. The Core Portfolio properties are located in 12 states and the District of Columbia and primarily consist of street retail and dense suburban shopping centers. These properties are diverse in size, ranging from approximately 1,000 to 800,000 square feet and as of December 31, 2017, were in total, excluding the properties under development, 93.5% occupied.

As of December 31, 2017, we owned and operated 54 properties totaling approximately 4.2 million square feet of GLA in our Funds, excluding four properties under development. In addition to shopping centers, the Funds have invested in mixed-use properties, which generally include retail activities. The Fund properties are located in 13 states and the District of Columbia and as of December 31, 2017, were in total, excluding the properties under development, 86.5% occupied.

Within our Core Portfolio and Funds, we had approximately 900 leases as of December 31, 2017. A majority of our rental revenues were from national retailers and consist of rents received under long-term leases. These leases generally provide for the monthly payment of fixed minimum rent and the tenants' pro-rata share of the real estate taxes, insurance, utilities and common area maintenance of the shopping centers. Certain of our leases also provide for the payment of rent based on a percentage of a tenant's gross sales in excess of a stipulated annual amount, either in addition to, or in place of, minimum rents. Minimum rents, percentage rents and expense reimbursements accounted for approximately 97% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2017.

Five of our Core Portfolio properties and two of our Fund properties are subject to long-term ground leases in which a third party owns and has leased the underlying land to us. We pay rent for the use of the land and are responsible for all costs and expenses associated with the building and improvements at all of these locations.

No individual property contributed in excess of 10% of our total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 or 2015. See Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, for information on the mortgage debt pertaining to our properties.

The following table sets forth more specific information with respect to each of our Core properties at December 31, 2017:
 
 
Year Acquired
Acadia's Interest
 
Gross Leasable Area (GLA)
 
In Place Occupancy
 
Leased Occupancy
 
Annualized Base Rent (ABR)
 
ABR/ Per Square Foot
Property (a)
Key Tenants
 
 
 
 
 
STREET AND URBAN RETAIL
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Chicago Metro
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
664 N. Michigan Avenue
Tommy Bahama, Ann Taylor Loft
2013
100.0
%
 
18,141

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
$
4,597,909

 
$
253.45

840 N. Michigan Avenue
H & M, Verizon Wireless
2014
88.4
%
 
87,135

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
7,673,433

 
88.06

Rush and Walton Streets Collection - 5 properties
Lululemon, BHLDN, Marc Jacobs
2011/12
100.0
%
 
32,501

 
85.3
%
 
85.3
%
 
5,854,996

 
211.19

651-671 West Diversey
Trader Joe's, Urban Outfitters
2011
100.0
%
 
46,259

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
2,008,816

 
43.43

Clark Street and W. Diversey Collection - 3 properties
 Ann Taylor, Akira
2011/12
100.0
%
 
23,531

 
91.3
%
 
91.3
%
 
1,244,789

 
57.94

Halsted and Armitage Collection - 9 properties
Club Monaco
2011/12
100.0
%
 
45,151

 
75.9
%
 
75.9
%
 
1,235,966

 
36.07

North Lincoln Park Chicago Collection - 6 properties
Forever 21, Aldo, Carhartt
2011/14
100.0
%
 
50,961

 
85.0
%
 
85.0
%
 
1,733,715

 
40.02

State and Washington
H & M, Nordstrom Rack
2016
100.0
%
 
78,819

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
2,969,482

 
37.67

151 N. State Street
Walgreens
2016
100.0
%
 
27,385

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,430,000

 
52.22

North and Kingsbury
Old Navy, Pier 1 Imports
2016
100.0
%
 
41,700

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,608,789

 
38.58

Concord and Milwaukee
—
2016
100.0
%
 
13,105

 
87.8
%
 
87.8
%
 
355,976

 
30.94

California and Armitage
—
2016
100.0
%
 
18,275

 
70.6
%
 
70.6
%
 
612,519

 
47.47

Roosevelt Galleria
Petco, Vitamin Shoppe
2015
100.0
%
 
37,995

 
63.4
%
 
63.4
%
 
701,982

 
29.14

Sullivan Center
Target, DSW
2016
100.0
%
 
176,181

 
98.6
%
 
100.0
%
 
6,444,079

 
37.10


 
24
 




 
 
Year Acquired
Acadia's Interest
 
Gross Leasable Area (GLA)
 
In Place Occupancy
 
Leased Occupancy
 
Annualized Base Rent (ABR)
 
ABR/ Per Square Foot
Property (a)
Key Tenants
 
 
 
 
 
New York Metro
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Soho Collection - 4 properties
Paper Source, Kate Spade, 3x1 Jeans
2011/14
100.0
%
 
12,511

—

82.4
%
—

82.4
%
—

3,157,177

 
306.25

5-7 East 17th Street
Union Fare
2008
100.0
%
 
11,467

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,300,014

 
113.37

200 West 54th Street
Stage Coach Tavern
2007
100.0
%
 
5,777

 
77.8
%
 
77.8
%
 
1,941,814

 
432.04

61 Main Street
—
2014
100.0
%
 
3,400

 
—
%
 
—
%
 
—

 
—

181 Main Street
TD Bank
2012
100.0
%
 
11,350

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
870,274

 
76.68

4401 White Plains Road
Walgreens
2011
100.0
%
 
12,964

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
625,000

 
48.21

Bartow Avenue
Mattress Firm
2005
100.0
%
 
14,590

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
485,495

 
33.28

239 Greenwich Avenue
Betteridge Jewelers
1998
75.0
%
 
16,553

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,546,912

 
93.45

252-256 Greenwich Avenue
Madewell, Jack Wills
2014
100.0
%
 
7,986

 
71.0
%
 
71.0
%
 
1,027,271

 
181.17

2914 Third Avenue
Planet Fitness
2006
100.0
%
 
40,320

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
963,001

 
23.88

868 Broadway
Dr. Martens
2013
100.0
%
 
2,031

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
745,315

 
366.97

313-315 Bowery (b)
John Varvatos, Patagonia
2013
100.0
%
 
6,600

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
479,160

 
72.60

120 West Broadway
HSBC Bank
2013
100.0
%
 
13,838

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
2,255,814

 
163.02

2520 Flatbush Avenue
Bob's Discount Furniture, Capital One
2014
100.0
%
 
29,114

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,064,374

 
36.56

991 Madison Avenue
Vera Wang, Perrin Paris
2016
100.0
%
 
7,513

 
65.6
%
 
65.6
%
 
1,553,292

 
315.16

Shops at Grand
Stop & Shop (Ahold)
2014
100.0
%
 
99,975

 
92.7
%
 
92.7
%
 
2,873,056

 
31.00

Gotham Plaza
Bank of America, Children's Place
2016
49.0
%
 
26,182

 
68.6
%
 
68.6
%
 
1,064,361

 
59.26

San Francisco Metro
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
City Center
City Target, Best Buy
2015
100.0
%
 
204,648

 
98.1
%
 
98.1
%
 
7,759,488

 
38.65

555 9th Street
Bed, Bath & Beyond, Nordstrom Rack
2016
100.0
%
 
148,832

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
6,105,614

 
41.02

District of Columbia Metro
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1739-53 & 1801-03 Connecticut Avenue
Ruth Chris Steakhouse, TD Bank
2012
100.0
%
 
20,669

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,266,138

 
61.26

Rhode Island Place Shopping Center
Ross Dress for Less
2012
100.0
%
 
57,667

 
45.5
%
 
93.4
%
 
1,246,065

 
47.49

M Street and Wisconsin Corridor -
25 Properties (c)
Lululemon, North Face, Coach
2011/16
25.4
%
 
241,182

 
91.5
%
 
91.5
%
 
15,168,759

 
68.74

Boston Metro
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
330-340 River Street
Whole Foods
2012
100.0
%
 
54,226

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,200,045

 
22.13

165 Newbury Street
Starbucks
2016
100.0
%
 
1,050

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
261,777

 
249.31

Total Street and Urban Retail
 
 
 
 
1,747,584

 
92.4
%
 
94.2
%
 
93,432,667

 
57.86

Acadia Share Total Street and Urban Retail
 
 
 
 
1,540,088

 
92.8
%
 
95.1
%
 
80,531,452

 
56.35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SUBURBAN PROPERTIES
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New Jersey
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Elmwood Park Shopping Center
Walgreens, Acme
1998
100.0
%
 
143,910

 
97.2
%
 
97.2
%
 
4,046,223

 
28.93

Marketplace of Absecon
Rite Aid, Dollar Tree
1998
100.0
%
 
104,556

 
90.3
%
 
90.3
%
 
1,362,152

 
14.43

60 Orange Street
Home Depot
2012
98.0
%
 
101,715

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
695,000

 
6.83

New York
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Village Commons Shopping Center
—
1998
100.0
%
 
87,128

 
91.1
%
 
91.1
%
 
2,612,204

 
32.91

Branch Plaza
LA Fitness, The Fresh Market
1998
100.0
%
 
123,378

 
92.2
%
 
92.2
%
 
3,024,863

 
26.59

Amboy Center
Stop & Shop (Ahold)
2005
100.0
%
 
63,290

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
2,072,234

 
32.74

Pacesetter Park Shopping Center
Stop & Shop (Ahold)
1999
100.0
%
 
97,806

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,338,641

 
13.69

LA Fitness
LA Fitness
2007
100.0
%
 
55,000

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,485,287

 
27.01

Crossroads Shopping Center
Home Goods, PetSmart, Kmart, DSW
1998
49.0
%
 
311,958

 
94.6
%
 
94.6
%
 
6,834,714

 
23.16

New Loudon Center
Price Chopper, Marshalls
1993
100.0
%
 
255,673

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
2,153,484

 
8.42

28 Jericho Turnpike
Kohl's
2012
100.0
%
 
96,363

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,815,000

 
18.84

Bedford Green
Shop Rite, CVS
2014
100.0
%
 
90,589

 
84.9
%
 
84.9
%
 
2,495,885

 
32.45

Connecticut
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Town Line Plaza (d)
Wal-Mart, Stop & Shop (Ahold)
1998
100.0
%
 
206,346

 
98.7
%
 
98.7
%
 
1,756,884

 
16.32

Massachusetts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Methuen Shopping Center
Wal-Mart, Market Basket
1998
100.0
%
 
130,021

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,360,858

 
10.47

Crescent Plaza
Home Depot, Shaw's (Supervalu)
1993
100.0
%
 
218,148

 
90.9
%
 
90.9
%
 
1,764,520

 
8.90

201 Needham Street
Michael's
2014
100.0
%
 
20,409

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
591,861

 
29.00

163 Highland Avenue
Staples, Petco
2015
100.0
%
 
40,505

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,311,747

 
32.38

Vermont
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Gateway Shopping Center
Shaw's (Supervalu)
1999
100.0
%
 
101,655

 
95.3
%
 
98.2
%
 
1,956,540

 
20.20

Illinois
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hobson West Plaza
Garden Fresh Markets
1998
100.0
%
 
99,137

 
83.0
%
 
85.8
%
 
897,118

 
10.90


 
25
 




 
 
Year Acquired
Acadia's Interest
 
Gross Leasable Area (GLA)
 
In Place Occupancy
 
Leased Occupancy
 
Annualized Base Rent (ABR)
 
ABR/ Per Square Foot
Property (a)
Key Tenants
 
 
 
 
 
Indiana
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Merrillville Plaza
Jo-Ann Fabrics, TJ Maxx
1998
100.0
%
 
236,087

 
96.8
%
 
96.8
%
 
3,350,975

 
14.66

Michigan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Bloomfield Town Square
Best Buy, Home Goods, TJ Maxx, Dick's Sporting Goods
1998
100.0
%
 
235,786

 
90.6
%
 
90.6
%
 
3,266,797

 
15.29

Ohio
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mad River Station
Babies 'R' Us
1999
100.0
%
 
123,335

 
77.1
%
 
82.7
%
 
1,255,391

 
13.20

Delaware
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Town Center
Lowes, Bed Bath & Beyond, Target, Dick's Sporting Goods
2003
61.1
%
 
824,411

 
89.2
%
 
93.8
%
 
12,107,759

 
16.46

Market Square Shopping Center
Trader Joe's, TJ Maxx
2003
100.0
%
 
102,047

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
3,034,567

 
29.74

Naamans Road
—
2006
100.0
%
 
19,850

 
30.1
%
 
63.9
%
 
433,785

 
72.60

Pennsylvania
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mark Plaza
Kmart
1993
100.0
%
 
106,856

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
244,279

 
2.29

Plaza 422
Home Depot
1993
100.0
%
 
156,279

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
850,978

 
5.45

Route 6 Plaza
Kmart
1994
100.0
%
 
175,589

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,327,169

 
7.56

Chestnut Hill
—
2006
100.0
%
 
37,646

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
953,589

 
25.33

Abington Towne Center (e)
Target, TJ Maxx
1998
100.0
%
 
216,278

 
94.5
%
 
94.5
%
 
914,927

 
16.50

Total Suburban Properties
 
 
 
 
4,581,751

 
93.9
%
 
95.1
%
 
67,315,431

 
16.57

Acadia Share Total Suburban Properties
 
 
 
 
4,099,922

 
94.3
%
 
95.3
%
 
59,105,909

 
16.30

TOTAL CORE PROPERTIES
 
 
 
 
6,329,335

 
93.5
%
 
94.9
%
 
160,748,098

 
28.30

Acadia Share Total Core Properties
 
 
 
 
5,640,010

 
93.9
%
 
95.3
%
 
139,637,361

 
27.61

__________

(a)
The above occupancy and rent amounts do not include space which is currently leased, other than "leased occupancy," but for which rent payment has not yet commenced. Residential and office GLA are excluded.
(b)
Represents the annual base rent paid to Acadia pursuant to a master lessee and does not reflect the rent paid by the retail tenants at the property.
(c)
Excludes 94,000 square feet of office GLA.
(d)
Anchor GLA includes a 97,300 square foot Wal-Mart store which is not owned by the Company. This square footage has been excluded for calculating annualized base rent per square foot.
(e)
Anchor GLA includes a 157,616 square foot Target store which is not owned by the Company. This square footage has been excluded for calculating annualized base rent per square foot.

The following table sets forth more specific information with respect to each of our Fund properties at December 31, 2017:
 
 
Year Acquired
Acadia's Interest
 
Gross Leasable Area (GLA)
 
In Place Occupancy
 
Leased Occupancy
 
Annualized Base Rent (ABR)
 
ABR/ Per Square Foot
Property (a)
Key Tenants
 
 
 
 
 
Fund II Portfolio Detail
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New York
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
City Point - Phase I and II
—
2007
26.7
%
 
475,000

 
72.6
%
 
80.1
%
 
$
9,384,250

 
$
27.21

Total - Fund II
 
 
 
 
475,000

 
72.6
%
 
80.1
%
 
$
9,384,250

 
$
27.21

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund III Portfolio Detail
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New York
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
654 Broadway
—
2011
24.5
%
 
2,896

 
—
%
 
—
%
 
$
—

 
$
—

640 Broadway
Swatch
2012
15.5
%
 
4,247

 
70.6
%
 
70.6
%
 
975,313

 
325.28

3104 M Street
—
2012
19.6
%
 
3,608

 
—
%
 
—
%
 
—

 
—

Nostrand Avenue
—
2013
24.5
%
 
42,628

 
87.3
%
 
96.8
%
 
1,738,116

 
46.71

Total - Fund III
 
 
 
 
53,379

 
75.3
%
 
82.9
%
 
$
2,713,429

 
$
67.51

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
26
 




 
 
Year Acquired
Acadia's Interest
 
Gross Leasable Area (GLA)
 
In Place Occupancy
 
Leased Occupancy
 
Annualized Base Rent (ABR)
 
ABR/ Per Square Foot
Property (a)
Key Tenants
 
 
 
 
 
Fund IV Portfolio Detail
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New York
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
801 Madison Avenue
—
2015
23.1
%
 
2,625

 
—
%
 
—
%
 
$
—

 
$
—

210 Bowery
—
2012
23.1
%
 
2,300

 
—
%
 
—
%
 
—

 
—

27 East 61st Street
—
2014
23.1
%
 
4,177

 
—
%
 
—
%
 
—

 
—

17 East 71st Street
The Row
2014
23.1
%
 
8,432

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,988,159

 
235.79

1035 Third Avenue (b)
—
2015
23.1
%
 
7,617

 
67.1
%
 
67.1
%
 
982,035

 
192.14

Colonie Plaza
Price Chopper, Big Lots
2016
23.1
%
 
153,483

 
96.9
%
 
96.9
%
 
1,680,527

 
11.30

New Jersey
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Paramus Plaza
Babies R Us, Ashley Furniture
2013
11.6
%
 
152,509

 
88.3
%
 
88.3
%
 
2,385,448

 
17.71

Massachusetts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Restaurants at Fort Point
—
2016
23.1
%
 
15,711

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
329,155

 
20.95

Maine
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Airport Mall
Hannaford, Marshalls
2016
23.1
%
 
221,830

 
89.2
%
 
89.2
%
 
1,272,679

 
6.43

Wells Plaza
Reny's, Dollar Tree
2016
23.1
%
 
90,434

 
92.4
%
 
94.4
%
 
680,143

 
8.14

Shaw's Plaza (Waterville)
Shaw's
2016
23.1
%
 
119,015

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
1,407,316

 
11.82

Shaw's Plaza (Windham)
Shaw's
2017
23.1
%
 
124,330

 
86.5
%
 
86.5
%
 
1,008,393

 
9.38

JFK Plaza
Hannaford, TJ Maxx
2016
23.1
%
 
151,107

 
78.0
%
 
78.0
%
 
761,510

 
6.46

Pennsylvania
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Dauphin Plaza
Price Rite, Ashley Furniture
2016
23.1
%
 
205,727

 
84.2
%
 
84.2
%
 
1,656,365

 
9.56

Mayfair Shopping Center
—
2016
23.1
%
 
115,411

 
62.4
%
 
62.4
%
 
1,365,002

 
18.95

Virginia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Promenade at Manassas
Home Depot
2013
22.8
%
 
265,442

 
86.4
%
 
86.4
%
 
2,978,427

 
12.99

Lake Montclair
Food Lion
2013
23.1
%
 
105,832

 
98.5
%
 
98.5
%
 
2,009,651

 
19.28

Delaware
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Eden Square
 Giant Food, LA Fitness
2014
22.8
%
 
231,044

 
73.9
%
 
88.9
%
 
2,432,867

 
14.25

Illinois
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
938 W. North Avenue
Sephora
2013
23.1
%
 
33,228

 
16.1
%
 
16.1
%
 
326,350

 
61.00

Lincoln Place
Kohl's, Marshall's
2017
23.1
%
 
271,866

 
91.2
%
 
91.2
%
 
2,884,796

 
11.63

Georgia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Broughton Street Portfolio - 19 properties
J. Crew, L'Occitane, Lululemon, Michael Kors
2014
11.6
%
 
115,640

 
76.3
%
 
76.3
%
 
3,441,130

 
39.00

North Carolina
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Wake Forest Crossing
—
2016
23.1
%
 
203,131

 
98.5
%
 
98.5
%
 
2,955,442

 
14.77

California
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
146 Geary Street
—
2015
23.1
%
 
11,436

 
—
%
 
—
%
 
—

 
—

Union and Fillmore Collection - 4 properties
—
2015
20.8
%
 
10,048

 
71.1
%
 
71.1
%
 
689,790

 
96.55

Total - Fund IV
 
 
 
 
2,622,375

 
85.3
%
 
86.7
%
 
$
33,235,185

 
$
14.86

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund V Portfolio Detail
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New Mexico
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Plaza Santa Fe
TJ Maxx, Best Buy, Ross Dress for Less
2017
20.1
%
 
224,223

 
88.3
%
 
97.3
%
 
$
3,401,093

 
$
17.18

Michigan
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New Towne Plaza
Kohl's, Jo-Ann's, DSW
2017
20.1
%
 
190,530

 
96.3
%
 
96.3
%
 
2,163,338

 
11.79

Fairlane Green
TJ Maxx, Bed Bath & Beyond, Michaels
2017
20.1
%
 
252,904

 
100.0
%
 
100.0
%
 
5,225,804

 
20.66

North Carolina
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hickory Ridge
Kohl's, Best Buy, Dick's
2017
20.1
%
 
380,565

 
98.7
%
 
98.7
%
 
4,140,630

 
11.02

Total - Fund V
 
 
 
 
1,048,222

 
96.4
%
 
98.3
%
 
$
14,930,865

 
$
14.78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
TOTAL FUND PROPERTIES
 
 
 
 
4,198,976

 
86.5
%
 
88.8
%
 
$
60,263,729

 
$
16.59

Acadia Share of Total Fund Properties
 
 
 
 
923,247

 
86.3
%
 
88.5
%
 
$
13,058,882

 
$
16.39

__________

(a)
Excludes properties under development, see “Development Activities” section below. The above occupancy and rent amounts do not include space which is currently leased, other than "leased occupancy," but for which rent payment has not yet commenced. Residential and office GLA are excluded.
(b)
Property also includes 12,371 square feet of 2nd floor office space and a 29,760 square foot parking garage (131 spaces).



 
27
 




Major Tenants

No individual retail tenant accounted for more than 5.3% of base rents for the year ended December 31, 2017, or occupied more than 6.5% of total leased GLA as of December 31, 2017. The following table sets forth certain information for the 20 largest retail tenants by base rent for leases in place as of December 31, 2017. The amounts below include our pro-rata share of GLA and annualized base rent for the Operating Partnership’s partial ownership interest in properties, including the Funds (GLA and Annualized Base Rent in thousands):
 
 
Number of
Stores in Portfolio (a)
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of Total
Represented by Retail Tenant
Retail Tenant
 
 
Total GLA
 
Annualized Base Rent (a)
 
Total Portfolio
GLA
 
Annualized Base Rent
Target
 
3

 
367

 
$
7,424

 
6.5
%
 
5.3
%
H & M
 
2

 
81

 
5,310

 
1.4
%
 
3.8
%
Royal Ahold (b)
 
4

 
208

 
3,653

 
3.7
%
 
2.6
%
Walgreens
 
5

 
78

 
3,599

 
1.4
%
 
2.6
%
Best Buy (c)
 
2

 
87

 
3,595

 
1.5
%
 
2.6
%
Nordstrom, Inc.
 
2

 
89

 
3,339

 
1.6
%
 
2.4
%
Albertsons Companies (d)
 
3

 
171

 
3,304

 
3.0
%
 
2.4
%
Bed, Bath, and Beyond (e)
 
3

 
115

 
2,797

 
2.0
%
 
2.0
%
Ascena Retail Group (f)
 
5

 
23

 
2,567

 
0.4
%
 
1.8
%
LA Fitness International LLC
 
2

 
100

 
2,525

 
1.8
%
 
1.8
%
Lululemon
 
2

 
8

 
2,268

 
0.1
%
 
1.6
%
Trader Joe's
 
3

 
41

 
2,226

 
0.7
%
 
1.6
%
TJX Companies (g)
 
7

 
208

 
2,095

 
3.7
%
 
1.5
%
Home Depot
 
3

 
313

 
1,894

 
5.5
%
 
1.4
%
Gap
 
3

 
37

 
1,747

 
0.7
%
 
1.3
%
Tapestry 8
 
2

 
4

 
1,463

 
0.1
%
 
1.0
%
JP Morgan Chase
 
7

 
29

 
1,405

 
0.5
%
 
1.0
%
Ulta Salon Cosmetic & Fragrance
 
3

 
31

 
1,395

 
0.6
%
 
1.0
%
DSW
 
2

 
36

 
1,319

 
0.6
%
 
0.9
%
Mattress Firm
 
8

 
39

 
1,289

 
0.7
%
 
0.9
%
Total
 
71

 
2,065

 
$
55,214

 
36.6
%
 
39.5
%

__________

(a)
Does not include tenants that operate at only one Acadia Core location
(b)
Stop and Shop (4 locations)
(c)
One of these Best Buy leases with GLA of 57,298 square feet was terminated in January 2018
(d)
Shaw’s (2 locations), Acme (1 location)
(e)
Bed Bath and Beyond (2 locations), Christmas Tree Shops (1 location)
(f)
Ann Taylor Loft (2 locations), Catherine’s (1 location), Dress Barn (1 location), Lane Bryant (1 location)
(g)
TJ Maxx (4 locations), Marshalls (1 location), HomeGoods (2 locations)


 
28
 




Lease Expirations

The following tables show scheduled lease expirations on a pro rata basis for retail tenants in place as of December 31, 2017, assuming that none of the tenants exercise renewal options (GLA and Annualized Base Rent in thousands):

Core Portfolio
 
 
 
 
Annualized Base Rent (a, b)
 
GLA
Leases Maturing in
 
Number of Leases
 
Current Annual Rent
 
Percentage of Total
 
Square Feet
 
Percentage of Total
Month to Month
 
8

 
$
525

 
0.4
%
 
28

 
0.4
%
2018
 
55

 
9,734

 
7.0
%
 
313

 
2.9
%
2019
 
56

 
9,391

 
6.7
%
 
508

 
10.1
%
2020
 
58

 
12,592

 
9.0
%
 
595

 
9.7
%
2021
 
78

 
17,065

 
12.2
%
 
837

 
10.8
%
2022
 
56

 
12,320

 
8.8
%
 
426

 
15.7
%
2023
 
44

 
16,588

 
11.9
%
 
517

 
8.4
%
2024
 
44

 
15,202

 
10.9
%
 
485

 
6.9
%
2025
 
41

 
11,446

 
8.2
%
 
262

 
9.4
%
2026
 
30

 
5,203

 
3.7
%
 
133

 
5.3
%
2027
 
27

 
5,270

 
3.8
%
 
172

 
2.6
%
Thereafter
 
38

 
24,301

 
17.4
%
 
763

 
17.8
%
Total
 
535

 
$
139,637

 
100.0
%
 
5,039

 
100.0
%

Funds
 
 
 
 
Annualized Base Rent (a, b)
 
GLA
Leases Maturing in
 
Number of Leases
 
Current Annual Rent
 
Percentage of Total
 
Square Feet
 
Percentage of Total
Month to Month
 
8

 
$
63

 
0.6
%
 
4

 
0.5
%
2018
 
41

 
604

 
4.6
%
 
37

 
4.6
%
2019
 
33

 
545

 
5.7
%
 
45

 
4.2
%
2020
 
44

 
1,205

 
13.8
%
 
110

 
9.2
%
2021
 
68

 
2,031

 
16.9
%
 
134

 
15.6
%
2022
 
43

 
1,266

 
9.9
%
 
78

 
9.7
%
2023
 
30

 
842

 
8.6
%
 
69

 
6.4
%
2024
 
18

 
956

 
5.9
%
 
47

 
7.3
%
2025
 
20

 
769

 
2.9
%
 
23

 
5.9
%
2026
 
27

 
782

 
5.1
%
 
40

 
6.0
%
2027
 
20

 
824

 
4.4
%
 
35

 
6.3
%
Thereafter
 
21

 
3,172

 
21.6
%
 
172

 
24.3
%
Total
 
373

 
$
13,059

 
100.0
%
 
794

 
100.0
%

__________

(a)
Base rents do not include percentage rents, additional rents for property expense reimbursements, nor contractual rent escalations.
(b)
No single market represents a material amount of exposure to the Company as it relates to the rents from these leases. Given the diversity of these markets, properties and characteristics of the individual spaces, the Company cannot make any general representations as it relates to the expiring rents and the rates for which these spaces may be re-leased.


 
29
 




Geographic Concentrations

The following table summarizes our operating retail properties by region as of December 31, 2017. The amounts below include our pro-rata share of GLA and annualized base rent for the Operating Partnership’s partial ownership interest in properties, including the Funds (GLA and Annualized Base Rent in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Percentage of Total
Represented by
Region
Region
 
GLA (a,c)
 
% Occupied (b)
 
Annualized
Base
Rent (b,c)
 
Annualized Base
Rent per
Occupied Square
Foot (c)
 
GLA
 
Annualized
Base Rent
Core Portfolio:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Operating Properties:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 

New York Metro
 
1,675

 
87
%
 
$
47,459

 
$
32.53

 
30
%
 
34
%
New England
 
772

 
96
%
 
10,204

 
15.66

 
14
%
 
7
%
Chicago Metro
 
687

 
93
%
 
37,583

 
58.88

 
12
%
 
27
%
Midwest
 
694

 
89
%
 
8,770

 
14.16

 
12
%
 
6
%
Washington D.C. Metro
 
140

 
75
%
 
6,600

 
63.36

 
2
%
 
5
%
San Francisco Metro
 
354

 
99
%
 
13,865

 
39.68

 
6
%
 
10
%
Mid-Atlantic
 
1,318

 
94
%
 
15,157

 
13.91

 
24
%
 
11
%
Total Core Operating Properties
 
5,640

 
94
%
 
$
139,638

 
$
27.61

 
100
%
 
100
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund Portfolio:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Properties:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
New York Metro
 
198

 
78
%
 
$
4,434

 
$
28.66

 
21
%
 
34
%
San Francisco Metro
 
5

 
31
%
 
143

 
96.56

 
1
%
 
1
%
Chicago Metro
 
70

 
83
%
 
742

 
12.68

 
8
%
 
6
%
Northeast
 
241

 
85
%
 
1,959

 
9.56

 
26
%
 
15
%
Midwest
 
89

 
98
%
 
1,485

 
16.93

 
10
%
 
11
%
Southeast
 
137

 
96
%
 
1,914

 
14.51

 
15
%
 
15
%
Southwest
 
45

 
88
%
 
684

 
17.18

 
5
%
 
5
%
Mid-Atlantic
 
138

 
84
%
 
1,698

 
14.72

 
14
%
 
13
%
Total Fund Operating Properties
 
923

 
86
%
 
$
13,059

 
$
16.39

 
100
%
 
100
%

__________

(a)
Property GLA includes a total of 255,000 square feet, which is not owned by us. This square footage has been excluded for calculating annualized base rent per square foot.
(b)
The above occupancy and rent amounts do not include space that is currently leased, but for which payment of rent had not commenced as of December 31, 2017.
(c)
The amounts presented reflect the Operating Partnership's pro-rata shares of properties included within each region.


 
30
 




Development Activities

As part of our strategy, we invest in real estate assets that may require significant development. As of December 31, 2017, we had 6 development projects, of which two are under construction and four are in various stages of the development process.



Property
 
Location
 
Costs
to Date
 
Anticipated
Additional
Costs (a)
 
Status
 
Square
Feet Upon
Completion
 
Estimated Stabilization Date
(dollars in millions)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cortlandt Crossing
 
Mohegan Lake, NY
 
$
40.4

 
$
20.0

 to
$
25.0

 
Construction commenced
 
130,000
 
2019
Broad Hollow Commons
 
Farmingdale, NY
 
16.5

 
33.5

 to
43.5

 
Pre-construction
 
 180,000 - 200,000
 
2020
Total Fund III
 
 
 
56.9

 
53.5

 
68.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
650 Bald Hill Road (b,c)
 
Warwick, RI
 
33.0

 
2.5

to
3.5

 
Construction commenced
 
161,000
 
2018
717 N. Michigan Avenue
 
Chicago, IL
 
109.2

 
10.8

to
18.3

 
Pre-construction
 
62,000
 
2018
Total Fund IV
 
 
 
142.2

 
13.3

 
21.8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
613-623 West Diversey
 
Chicago, IL
 
16.1

 
6.9

to
8.4

 
Construction commenced
 
30,000
 
2018
56 E. Walton Street
 
Chicago, IL
 
8.5

 
2.0

to
3.0

 
Construction commenced
 
TBD
 
2018
Total Core
 
 
 
24.6

 
8.9

 
11.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
 
 
$
223.7

 
$
75.7

 
$
101.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
__________

(a)
Anticipated additional costs are estimated ranges for completing the projects and include costs for tenant improvements and leasing commissions.
(b)
These projects are being redeveloped in joint ventures with unaffiliated entities.
(c)
Represents an unconsolidated property.

ITEM 3.
LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We are involved in various matters of litigation arising in the normal course of business. While we are unable to predict with certainty the outcome of any particular matter, Management is of the opinion that, when such litigation is resolved, our resulting exposure to loss contingencies, if any, will not have a significant effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.


ITEM 4.
MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

Not applicable.


 
31
 




PART II
ITEM 5.
MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND PERFORMANCE GRAPH.

Market Information, Dividends and Holders of Record of our Common Shares

The following table shows, for the period indicated, the high and low sales price for our Common Shares as reported on the New York Stock Exchange, and cash dividends declared during the two years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016:
Quarter Ended
 
 
 
 
 
Dividend
2017
 
High
 
Low
 
Per Share
March 31, 2017
 
$
33.45

 
$
29.23

 
$
0.26

June 30, 2017
 
32.02

 
26.70

 
0.26

September 30, 2017
 
30.36

 
26.97

 
0.26

December 31, 2017
 
30.63

 
26.85

 
0.27

2016
 
 

 
 

 
 

March 31, 2016
 
$
35.24

 
$
30.25

 
$
0.25

June 30, 2016
 
35.98

 
32.76

 
0.25

September 30, 2016
 
38.01

 
34.91

 
0.25

December 31, 2016
(a) 
36.02

 
31.31

 
0.41


__________

(a)
Includes a special dividend of $0.15 for the quarter ended December 31, 2016


At February 20, 2018, there were 280 holders of record of our Common Shares.

We have determined for income tax purposes that 78% of the total dividends distributed to shareholders during 2017 represented ordinary income and 22% represented capital gains. The dividend for the quarter ended December 31, 2017, was paid on January 12, 2018, and is taxable in 2017. Our cash flow is affected by a number of factors, including the revenues received from rental properties, our operating expenses, the interest expense on our borrowings, the ability of lessees to meet their obligations to us and unanticipated capital expenditures. Future dividends paid by us will be at the discretion of the Board of Trustees and will depend on our actual cash flows, our financial condition, capital requirements, the annual distribution requirements under the REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code and such other factors as the Board of Trustees deem relevant. In addition, we have the ability to pay dividends in cash, Common Shares or a combination thereof, subject to a minimum of 10% paid in cash.


Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

At the 2016 annual shareholders’ meeting, the shareholders' approved the Second Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Plan (the “Second Amended 2006 Plan”). This plan replaced all previous share incentive plans and increased the authorization to issue options, Restricted Shares and LTIP Units (collectively “Awards”) available to officers and employees by 1.6 million shares, for a total of 3.7 million shares available to be issued. See Note 13 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, for a summary of our Share Incentive Plans.


 
32
 




The following table provides information related to the Second Amended 2006 Plan as of December 31, 2017:

 
 
Equity Compensation Plan Information
 
 
 
 
(a)
 
(b)
 
(c)
 
 
Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise
of outstanding options,
warrants and rights
 
Weighted - average
exercise price of
outstanding options,
warrants and rights
 
Number of securities
remaining available
for future issuance under
equity compensation plans
(excluding securities
reflected in column (a))
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders
 
—

 
$
—

 
1,727,407

Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders
 
—

 
—

 
—

Total
 
—

 
$
—

 
1,727,407


Remaining Common Shares available under the Amended 2006 Plan are as follows:
 
 

Outstanding Common Shares as of December 31, 2017
83,708,140

Outstanding OP Units as of December 31, 2017
4,716,572

Total Outstanding Common Shares and OP Units
88,424,712

 
 
Common Shares and OP Units pursuant to the Second Amended 2006 Plan
8,893,681

Total Common Shares available under equity compensation plans
8,893,681

 
 

Less: Issuance of Restricted Shares and LTIP Units Granted
(4,394,501
)
Issuance of Options Granted
(2,771,773
)
Number of Common Shares remaining available
1,727,407


Share Price Performance

The following graph compares the cumulative total shareholder return for our Common Shares for the period commencing December 31, 2012, through December 31, 2017, with the cumulative total return on the Russell 2000 Index (“Russell 2000”), the NAREIT All Equity REIT Index (the “NAREIT”) and the SNL Shopping Center REITs (the “SNL”) over the same period. Total return values for the Russell 2000, the NAREIT, the SNL and the Common Shares were calculated based upon cumulative total return assuming the investment of $100.00 in each of the Russell 2000, the NAREIT, the SNL and our Common Shares on December 31, 2012, and assuming reinvestment of dividends. The shareholder return as set forth in the table below is not necessarily indicative of future performance. The information in this section is not “soliciting material,” is not deemed “filed” with the SEC, and is not to be incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.


 
33
 




chart-d04876cd19cdc76217b.jpg
 
 
At December 31,
Index
 
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
Acadia Realty Trust
 
$
100.00

 
$
102.39

 
$
137.70

 
$
148.00

 
$
150.95

 
$
131.10

Russell 2000
 
100.00

 
138.82

 
145.62

 
139.19

 
168.85

 
193.58

NAREIT All Equity REIT Index
 
100.00

 
102.86

 
131.68

 
135.40

 
147.09

 
159.85

SNL REIT Retail Shopping Ctr Index
 
100.00

 
106.84

 
138.44

 
145.85

 
150.94

 
134.21


Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities

None.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

We have an existing share repurchase program that authorizes management, at its discretion, to repurchase up to $20.0 million of our outstanding Common Shares. The program may be discontinued or extended at any time and there is no assurance that we will purchase the full amount authorized. There were no Common Shares repurchased by us during the year ended December 31, 2017. Under this program we have repurchased 2.1 million Common Shares, none of which were repurchased after December 2001. As of December 31, 2017, management may repurchase up to approximately $7.5 million of our outstanding Common Shares under this program. On February 20, 2018, this plan was revised as discussed in Note 17.

 
34
 




ITEM 6.
SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table sets forth, on a historical basis, our selected financial data. This information should be read in conjunction with our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Funds from operations (“FFO”) amounts for the year ended December 31, 2017 have been adjusted as set forth in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Reconciliation of Net Income to Funds from Operations.”

 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
2014
 
2013
OPERATING DATA:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Revenues
 
$
250,262

 
$
189,939

 
$
199,063

 
$
179,681

 
$
156,486

Operating expenses, excluding depreciation and reserves
 
(113,554
)
 
(98,039
)
 
(88,850
)
 
(79,104
)
 
(72,108
)
Depreciation and amortization
 
(104,934
)
 
(70,011
)
 
(60,751
)
 
(49,645
)
 
(40,299
)
Impairment charges
 
(14,455
)
 
—

 
(5,000
)
 
—

 
(1,500
)
Equity in earnings and gains unconsolidated affiliates inclusive of gains on disposition of properties
 
23,371

 
39,449

 
37,330

 
111,578

 
12,382

Interest income
 
29,143

 
25,829

 
16,603

 
12,607

 
11,800

Gain on change in control and other
 
5,571

 
—

 
1,596

 
2,724

 
—

Interest expense
 
(58,978
)
 
(34,645
)
 
(37,297
)
 
(39,426
)
 
(40,239
)
Income from continuing operations before income taxes
 
16,426

 
52,522

 
62,694

 
138,415

 
26,522

Income tax (provision) benefit
 
(1,004
)
 
105

 
(1,787
)
 
(629
)
 
(19
)
Income from continuing operations before
gain on disposition of properties
 
15,422

 
52,627

 
60,907

 
137,786

 
26,503

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,222

 
18,137

Gain on disposition of properties, net of tax
 
48,886

 
81,965

 
89,063

 
13,138

 
—

Net income
 
64,308

 
134,592

 
149,970

 
152,146

 
44,640

(Income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Continuing operations
 
(2,838
)
 
(61,816
)
 
(84,262
)
 
(80,059
)
 
7,523

Discontinued operations
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,023
)
 
(12,048
)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(2,838
)
 
(61,816
)
 
(84,262
)
 
(81,082
)
 
(4,525
)
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
61,470

 
$
72,776

 
$
65,708

 
$
71,064

 
$
40,115

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental Information:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Income from continuing operations attributable to Acadia
 
$
61,470

 
$
72,776

 
$
65,708

 
$
70,865

 
$
34,026

Income from discontinued operations attributable to Acadia
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
199

 
6,089

Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
61,470

 
$
72,776

 
$
65,708

 
$
71,064

 
$
40,115

Basic earnings per share:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Income from continuing operations
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.94

 
$
0.94

 
$
1.18

 
$
0.61

Income from discontinued operations
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
0.11

Basic earnings per share
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.94

 
$
0.94

 
$
1.18

 
$
0.72

Diluted earnings per share:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Income from continuing operations
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.94

 
$
0.94

 
$
1.18

 
$
0.61

Income from discontinued operations
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
0.11

Diluted earnings per share
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.94

 
$
0.94

 
$
1.18

 
$
0.72

Weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Basic
 
83,683

 
76,231

 
68,851

 
59,402

 
54,919

Diluted
 
83,685

 
76,244

 
68,870

 
59,426

 
54,982

Cash dividends declared per Common Share
 
$
1.05

 
$
1.16

 
$
1.22

 
$
1.23

 
$
0.86

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
35
 




BALANCE SHEET DATA:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Real estate before accumulated depreciation
 
$
3,466,482

 
$
3,382,000

 
$
2,736,283

 
$
2,208,595

 
$
1,819,053

Total assets
 
3,960,247

 
3,995,960

 
3,032,319

 
2,720,721

 
2,264,957

Total indebtedness
 
1,424,409

 
1,488,718

 
1,358,606

 
1,118,602

 
1,039,997

Total common shareholders’ equity
 
1,567,199

 
1,588,577

 
1,100,488

 
1,055,541

 
704,236

Noncontrolling interests
 
648,440

 
589,548

 
420,866

 
380,416

 
417,352

Total equity
 
2,215,639

 
2,178,125

 
1,521,354

 
1,435,957

 
1,121,588

OTHER:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Funds from operations attributable to Common Shareholders and Common OP Unit holders (a)
 
134,667

 
117,070

 
111,560

 
78,882

 
67,161

Cash flows provided by (used in):
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

Operating activities
 
119,833

 
111,760

 
113,598

 
82,519

 
65,233

Investing activities
 
10,082

 
(610,970
)
 
(354,503
)
 
(268,516
)
 
(87,879
)
Financing activities
 
(126,897
)
 
498,239

 
96,101

 
324,388

 
10,022


(a)
Funds from operations is a non-GAAP measure. For an explanation of the measure and a reconciliation to the nearest GAAP measure, see “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Supplemental Financial Measures.”


 
36
 




ITEM 7.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

OVERVIEW

As of December 31, 2017, there were 176 properties, which we own or have an ownership interest in, within our Core Portfolio and Funds. Our Core Portfolio consists of those properties either 100% owned, or partially owned through joint venture interests by the Operating Partnership, or subsidiaries thereof, not including those properties owned through our Funds. These properties primarily consist of street and urban retail, and dense suburban shopping centers. See Item 2. Properties for a summary of our wholly-owned and partially-owned retail properties and their physical occupancies at December 31, 2017.

The majority of our operating income is derived from rental revenues from operating properties, including expense recoveries from tenants, offset by operating and overhead expenses. As our RCP Venture invests in operating companies, the Operating Partnership invests through a taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”).

Our primary business objective is to acquire and manage commercial retail properties that will provide cash for distributions to shareholders while also creating the potential for capital appreciation to enhance investor returns. We focus on the following fundamentals to achieve this objective:

•
Own and operate a Core Portfolio of high-quality retail properties located primarily in high-barrier-to-entry, densely-populated metropolitan areas and create value through accretive development and re-tenanting activities coupled with the acquisition of high-quality assets that have the long-term potential to outperform the asset class as part of our Core asset recycling and acquisition initiative.

•
Generate additional external growth through an opportunistic yet disciplined acquisition program within our Funds. We target transactions with high inherent opportunity for the creation of additional value through:

◦
value-add investments in street retail properties, located in established and “next generation” submarkets, with re-tenanting or repositioning opportunities,
◦
opportunistic acquisitions of well-located real-estate anchored by distressed retailers, and
◦
other opportunistic acquisitions which may include high-yield acquisitions and purchases of distressed debt.

Some of these investments historically have also included, and may in the future include, joint ventures with private equity investors for the purpose of making investments in operating retailers with significant embedded value in their real estate assets.

•
Maintain a strong and flexible balance sheet through conservative financial practices while ensuring access to sufficient capital to fund future growth.

SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENTS DURING THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2017

Investments

During the year ended December 31, 2017, within our Core and Fund portfolios we invested in six new properties as follows (Note 2):

•
On December 20, 2017, Fund V acquired a consolidated suburban shopping center in Allen Park, Michigan for $62.0 million referred to as “Fairlane Green.”
•
On August 4, 2017, Fund V acquired a consolidated suburban shopping center in Canton, Michigan for $26.0 million referred to as “New Towne Plaza.”
•
On July 27, 2017, Fund V acquired a consolidated suburban shopping center in Hickory, North Carolina for $44.0 million referred to as “Hickory Ridge.”
•
On June 5, 2017, Fund V acquired a consolidated suburban shopping center in Santa Fe, New Mexico for $35.2 million referred to as “Plaza Santa Fe.”
•
On March 13, 2017, Fund IV acquired a consolidated shopping center for $35.4 million referred to as “Lincoln Place” in Fairview Heights, Illinois.
•
In our Core portfolio one of our investments, in which we hold a 20% interest (Note 4), acquired a property in Alexandria, Virginia for $3.0 million referred to as “907 King Street” on January 4, 2017.


 
37
 




In addition, we converted existing notes receivable (Note 3) into interests in the underlying real estate collateral as follows:

•
On May 1 and November 16, 2017, we exchanged a total of $92.7 million of our $153.4 million Core notes receivable plus accrued interest of $1.8 million for the remaining undivided interest in Market Square, which was subsequently consolidated, as well as an incremental 38.89% undivided interest in Town Center (Note 4).
•
On June 30, 2017, Fund IV exchanged a $9.0 million note receivable for a consolidated shopping center located in Windham, Maine referred to as “Shaw’s Plaza – Windham.”

Dispositions of Real Estate

During the year ended December 31, 2017, within our Funds we sold 13 properties for an aggregate sales price of $345.8 million and our proportionate share of the aggregate gains was $15.6 million as follows (Note 2, Note 4):

•
On December 21 and October 3, 2017, Fund IV sold five unconsolidated properties for aggregate proceeds of $11.0 million and recognized a gain of $0.6 million, of which our pro-rata share was $0.1 million and was recognized within equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated statements of income.
•
On December 13, 2017, Fund II sold a consolidated property, 260 East 161st Street, for $105.7 million and recognized a gain of $31.5 million, of which our share was $9.0 million net of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests.
•
On November 16, 2017, Fund IV sold a consolidated property, 1151 Third Avenue, for $27 million and recognized a gain of $5.2 million, of which our share was $1.2 million net of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests.
•
On October 13, 2017, Fund II sold a consolidated property, City Point Tower I, for $96 million and recognized a loss of $0.8 million, of which our share was $1.6 million net of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests. In addition, we recognized an impairment charge of $3.8 million, inclusive of an amount attributable to a noncontrolling interest of $2.7 million on the property (Note 8).
•
On September 11, 2017, Fund II sold a consolidated property, 216th Street, for $30.6 million and recognized a gain of $6.5 million, of which our share was $1.8 million net of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests.
•
On July 6, 2017, Fund III sold a consolidated property, New Hyde Park Shopping Center, for $22.1 million and recognized a gain of $6.4 million, of which our share was $1.6 million net of amounts attributable to noncontrolling interests.
•
On June 30, 2017, Fund IV sold an unconsolidated property, 1701 Belmont Avenue, for $5.6 million for which the gain was $3.3 million of which our pro-rata share was $0.8 million and was recognized within equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated statements of income.
•
On February 15, 2017, Fund III sold an unconsolidated property, Arundel Plaza, for $28.8 million for which the gain was $8.2 million of which our pro-rata share was $1.3 million and was recognized within equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated statements of income.
•
On January 31, 2017, Fund IV sold an unconsolidated property, 2819 Kennedy Boulevard, for $19.0 million, for which the gain was $6.3 million of which our pro-rata share was $1.4 million and was recognized within equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated statements of income.

Financings

During the year ended December 31, 2017, we obtained aggregate financing of $352.9 million including (Note 7):

•
We obtained an aggregate of $162.9 million in financings with eleven new non-recourse mortgages, primarily for Fund IV.
•
On September 30, 2017, Fund II closed on a new $40.0 million term loan.
•
On May 4, 2017, Fund V closed on a new $150.0 million subscription line.

We also repaid thirteen mortgages aggregating $280.8 million.

Structured Financing

During the year ended December 31, 2017 (Note 3) we entered into the following structured financing transactions:

•
On May 1 and November 16, 2017, we exchanged a total of $92.7 million of our $153.4 million Core notes receivable plus accrued interest of $1.8 million for the remaining undivided interest in Market Square, which was subsequently consolidated, as well as an incremental 38.89% undivided interest in Town Center (Note 4).
•
On June 30, 2017, Fund IV exchanged a $9.0 million note receivable plus accrued interest of $0.1 million thereon for an investment in a shopping center in Windham, Maine (Note 2).

 
38
 




•
We received full settlement of a $12.0 million Core note receivable plus $4.8 million interest and fees thereon. The note had previously been in default and was settled in bankruptcy proceedings during the second quarter.
•
We funded an additional $10.0 million on an existing $10.0 million note receivable, all of which was subsequently repaid.

Retail Real Estate Trends

Our performance is driven, in part, by factors affecting the retail sector. Trends affecting the retail sector over the past few years include changes related to: department stores, apparel spending, consumer demographics and retail technology including internet shopping; as well as the maturity of the retail industry. The number of full-line department stores has been declining steadily and many tenants are reducing both the number and size of stores they lease.  Further, consumers are spending less on apparel and housewares and more on entertainment and dining out. Although internet sales are continuing to trend up, these sales constitute a relatively small portion of total consumer spending.   As delivery costs impede growth, internet retailers are continuing to move towards an “omni-channel” retailing approach whereby brick and mortar retail still plays a critical role in attracting and retaining consumers. We have and will continue to focus on owning assets in locations that maximize our potential to address these ongoing industry changes and challenges.

Tax Cuts and Jobs Act

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the ‘‘Act’’) enacted in December 2017, makes substantial changes to the Federal income tax laws. These changes include a reduction in the generally applicable corporate tax rate to 21%, substantial limitations on the deductibility of interest, and preferential rates of taxation on most ordinary REIT dividends and certain business income derived by non-corporate taxpayers. The Act also limits the use of net operating losses, which may require us to make additional distributions to our stockholders. The effect of these, and the many other, changes made in the Act is highly uncertain, both in terms of their direct effect on the taxation of an investment in our common stock and their indirect effect on the value of our assets or market conditions generally. Furthermore, many of the provisions of the Act will require guidance through the issuance of Treasury regulations in order to assess their effect. There may be a substantial delay before such regulations are promulgated, increasing the uncertainty as to the ultimate effect of the Act on us. There may be technical corrections legislation with respect to the Act this year, the effect of which cannot be predicted. However, the Company has recorded an adjustment of $2.0 million to its deferred tax assets at December 31, 2017 owned by its taxable subsidiaries to reflect the lower Federal corporate tax rate and other provisions effective in 2018.

Share Repurchase Plan

In February 2018, our board of trustees elected to terminate the existing repurchase program and authorized a new common share repurchase program under which we may repurchase, from time to time, up to a maximum of $200.0 million of our common shares (Note 17). The shares may be repurchased in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The timing and actual number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including, share price in relation to the estimated value of our assets, corporate and regulatory requirements, market conditions and other corporate liquidity requirements and priorities. The common share repurchase program does not obligate us to repurchase any specific number of shares and may be suspended or terminated at any time at our discretion without prior notice.




 
39
 




RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

See Note 12 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for an overview of our three reportable segments.

Comparison of Results for the Year Ended December 31, 2017 to the Year Ended December 31, 2016

The results of operations by reportable segment for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the year ended December 31, 2016 are summarized in the table below (in millions, totals may not add due to rounding):

 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2017
 
Year Ended December 31, 2016
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
Core
 
Funds
 
SF
 
Total
 
Core
 
Funds
 
SF
 
Total
 
Core
 
Funds
 
SF
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
 
$
170.0

 
$
80.3

 
$
—

 
$
250.3

 
$
150.2

 
$
39.7

 
$
—

 
$
189.9

 
$
19.8

 
$
40.6

 
$
—

 
$
60.4

Depreciation and amortization
 
(61.7
)
 
(43.2
)
 
—

 
(104.9
)
 
(54.6
)
 
(15.4
)
 
—

 
(70.0
)
 
7.1

 
27.8

 
—

 
34.9

Property operating expenses, other operating and real estate taxes
 
(45.3
)
 
(34.4
)
 
—

 
(79.8
)
 
(39.6
)
 
(17.8
)
 
—

 
(57.4
)
 
5.7

 
16.6

 
—

 
22.4

Impairment charges
 
—

 
(14.5
)
 
—

 
(14.5
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
14.5

 
—

 
14.5

General and administrative expenses
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(33.8
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(40.6
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(6.8
)
Operating income
 
62.9

 
(11.8
)
 
—

 
17.3

 
56.0

 
6.5

 
—

 
21.9

 
6.9

 
(18.3
)
 
—

 
(4.6
)
Gain on disposition of properties
 
—

 
48.9

 
—

 
48.9

 
—

 
82.0

 
—

 
82.0

 
—

 
(33.1
)
 
—

 
(33.1
)
Interest income
 
—

 
—

 
29.1

 
29.1

 
—

 
—

 
25.8

 
25.8

 
—

 
—

 
3.3

 
3.3

Gain on change in control
 
5.6

 
—

 
—

 
5.6

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
5.6

 
—

 
—

 
5.6

Equity in earnings and gains of unconsolidated affiliates inclusive of gains on disposition of properties
 
3.7

 
19.6

 
—

 
23.4

 
3.8

 
35.7

 
—

 
39.4

 
(0.1
)
 
(16.1
)
 
—

 
(16.0
)
Interest expense
 
(28.6
)
 
(30.4
)
 
—

 
(59.0
)
 
(27.4
)
 
(7.2
)
 
—

 
(34.6
)
 
1.2

 
23.2

 
—

 
24.4

Income tax (provision) benefit
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1.0
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
0.1

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1.1
)
Net income
 
43.6

 
26.3

 
29.1

 
64.3

 
32.4

 
116.9

 
25.8

 
134.6

 
11.2

 
(90.6
)
 
3.3

 
(70.3
)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(1.1
)
 
(1.7
)
 
—

 
(2.8
)
 
(3.4
)
 
(58.4
)
 
—

 
(61.8
)
 
(2.3
)
 
(56.7
)
 
—

 
(59.0
)
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
42.5

 
$
24.6

 
$
29.1

 
$
61.5

 
$
29.0

 
$
58.5

 
$
25.8

 
$
72.8

 
$
13.5

 
$
(33.9
)
 
$
3.3

 
$
(11.3
)

Core Portfolio

The results of operations for our Core Portfolio segment are depicted in the table above under the headings labeled “Core.” Segment net income attributable to Acadia for our Core Portfolio increased by $13.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year as a result of the changes as further described below.

Revenues from our Core Portfolio increased by $19.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year due to $22.7 million related to Core property acquisitions in 2016 partially offset by $3.8 million attributable to the deconsolidation of the Brandywine Portfolio in 2016.

Depreciation and amortization for our Core Portfolio increased by $7.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year due to $10.3 million of additional depreciation related to Core property acquisitions in 2016 partially offset by $3.4 million of additional depreciation and amortization related to an adjustment for tenant kick-out options in 2016 (Note 1).

Property operating, other operating expenses and real estate taxes for our Core Portfolio increased by $5.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year primarily due to Core property acquisitions in 2016.


 
40
 





The gain on change in control of $5.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2017 resulted from the consolidation of our investment in Market Square upon acquisition of the outstanding third party interests (Note 4).

Interest expense for the Core Portfolio increased $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year due to $2.1 million from higher average principal balance in 2017 and a $0.9 million increase in capital lease interest in 2017, partially offset by $1.0 million due to lower average interest rates.

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests decreased $2.3 million due to the change in control of the Brandywine Portfolio in 2016.

Funds

The results of operations for our Funds segment are depicted in the table above under the headings labeled “Funds.” Segment net income attributable to Acadia for the Funds decreased by $33.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year as a result of the changes described below.

Revenues from the Funds increased by $40.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year primarily due to $26.1 million related to Fund property acquisitions in 2016 and 2017 as well as $13.6 million from development projects being placed in service during 2017 (Note 2).

Depreciation and amortization for the Funds increased by $27.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year primarily due to $15.9 million related to Fund property acquisitions in 2016 and 2017 as well as $11.0 million from the development projects being placed in service during 2017.

Property operating, other operating expenses and real estate taxes for the Funds increased by $16.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year due to $8.5 million from the development projects placed into service in 2017 as well as $6.8 million from Fund property acquisitions in 2016 and 2017.

Impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2017 totaled $14.5 million, comprised of charges of $10.6 million for a property classified as held for sale in 2017 and $3.8 million,for a property sold in 2017 (Note 8).

Gain on disposition of properties for the Funds decreased by $33.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year. Gains during the current year period comprised $31.5 million from the sale of Fund II’s 260 E. 161st Street property, $6.5 million from the sale of Fund II’s 216th Street property, $5.2 million from Fund IV’s 1151 Third Avenue property and $6.4 million from the sale of Fund III’s New Hyde Park Shopping Center. Gains during the prior year period comprised $16.6 million from the sale of Fund III’s Heritage Shops and $65.4 million from the sale of a 65% interest in Cortlandt Town Center.

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates for the Funds decreased by $16.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year primarily due to the Fund’s proportionate share of $14.8 million in aggregate gains from the sales of 1701 Belmont Avenue, Arundel Plaza and 2819 Kennedy Boulevard during the current year period as well as distributions in excess of our carrying value related to investments in Mervyn’s and Albertsons (Note 4) versus the Fund’s proportionate share of $36.0 million from the sale of Cortlandt Town Center in 2016.

Interest expense for the Funds increased $23.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year due to $7.8 million less interest capitalized during 2017, a $6.0 million increase related to higher average interest rates in 2017, a $5.1 million increase related to higher average outstanding borrowings in 2017, and a $2.9 million increase in amortization of additional loan costs in 2017.

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Funds decreased by $56.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 compared to the prior year due to the noncontrolling interests’ share of the variances discussed above.

Structured Financing

The results of operations for our Structured Financing segment are depicted in the table above under the headings labeled “SF.” Net income for Structured Financing increased by $3.3 million compared to the prior year primarily due to the recognition of additional interest of $3.6 million during the current year on the repayment of a note (Note 3) and new loans originated during 2016. These increases were partially offset by the conversion of a portion of a note receivable into increased ownership in the real estate (Note 4).

 
41
 




Unallocated

The Company does not allocate general and administrative expense and income taxes to its reportable segments. These unallocated amounts are depicted in the table above under the headings labeled “Total.” General and administrative expenses decreased by $6.8 million primarily as a result of the acceleration of equity-based compensation awards related to retirements in 2016 totaling $4.2 million as well as increased compensation expense in 2016, which included $3.9 million related to the Program (Note 13).

The income tax provision for 2017 relates to increased income of the taxable REIT subsidiaries and adjustments to reflect the new provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Note 14).

Comparison of Results for the Year Ended December 31, 2016 to the Year Ended December 31, 2015

The results of operations by reportable segment for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the year ended December 31, 2015 are summarized in the table below (in millions, totals may not add due to rounding):

 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2016
 
Year Ended December 31, 2015
 
Increase (Decrease)
 
 
Core
 
Funds
 
SF
 
Total
 
Core
 
Funds
 
SF
 
Total
 
Core
 
Funds
 
SF
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues
 
$
150.2

 
$
39.7

 
$
—

 
$
189.9

 
$
150.0

 
$
49.0

 
$
—

 
$
199.1

 
$
0.2

 
$
(9.3
)
 
$
—

 
$
(9.2
)
Depreciation and amortization
 
(54.6
)
 
(15.4
)
 
—

 
(70.0
)
 
(46.2
)
 
(14.5
)
 
—

 
(60.8
)
 
8.4

 
0.9

 
—

 
9.2

Property operating expenses, other operating and real estate taxes
 
(39.6
)
 
(17.8
)
 
—

 
(57.4
)
 
(37.3
)
 
(21.2
)
 
—

 
(58.5
)
 
2.3

 
(3.4
)
 
—

 
(1.1
)
Impairment charges
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(5.0
)
 
—

 
—

 
(5.0
)
 
(5.0
)
 
—

 
—

 
(5.0
)
General and administrative expenses
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(40.6
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(30.4
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
10.2

Operating income (loss)
 
56.0

 
6.5

 
—

 
21.9

 
61.5

 
13.3

 
—

 
44.5

 
(5.5
)
 
(6.8
)
 
—

 
(22.6
)
Gain on disposition of properties
 
—

 
82.0

 
—

 
82.0

 
—

 
89.1

 
—

 
89.1

 
—

 
(7.1
)
 
—

 
(7.1
)
Interest income
 
—

 
—

 
25.8

 
25.8

 
—

 
—

 
16.6

 
16.6

 
—

 
—

 
9.2

 
9.2

Equity in earnings and gains of unconsolidated affiliates inclusive of gains on disposition of properties
 
3.8

 
35.7

 
—

 
39.4

 
1.2

 
36.2

 
—

 
37.3

 
2.6

 
(0.5
)
 
—

 
2.1

Other
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1.6

 
1.6

 
—

 
—

 
(1.6
)
 
(1.6
)
Interest expense
 
(27.4
)
 
(7.2
)
 
—

 
(34.6
)
 
(27.9
)
 
(9.4
)
 
—

 
(37.3
)
 
(0.5
)
 
(2.2
)
 
—

 
(2.7
)
Income tax benefit (provision)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
0.1

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1.8
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1.9

Net income (loss)
 
32.4

 
116.9

 
25.8

 
134.6

 
34.8

 
129.2

 
18.2

 
150.0

 
(2.4
)
 
(12.3
)
 
7.6

 
(15.4
)
Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
$
(3.4
)
 
$
(58.4
)
 
$
—

 
$
(61.8
)
 
$
(0.1
)
 
$
(84.1
)
 
$
—

 
$
(84.3
)
 
$
3.3

 
$
(25.7
)
 
$
—

 
$
(22.5
)
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
29.0

 
$
58.5

 
$
25.8

 
$
72.8

 
$
34.6

 
$
45.0

 
$
18.2

 
$
65.7

 
$
(5.6
)
 
$
13.5

 
$
7.6

 
$
7.1


Core Portfolio

Segment net income attributable to Acadia for our Core Portfolio decreased by $5.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year as a result of the changes described below.

Revenues from our Core Portfolio increased by $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year as a result of Core property acquisitions in 2016 and 2015 partially offset by a $9.3 million decrease in revenues due to the change in control of the Brandywine Portfolio in 2016 (Note 4).


 
42
 




Depreciation and amortization for our Core Portfolio increased by $8.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year due to Core property acquisitions in 2016 and 2015.

Property operating, other operating expenses and real estate taxes for our Core Portfolio increased by $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year due to real estate taxes related to the Core property acquisitions in 2016 and 2015 and a general increase in real estate taxes.

Impairment charges of $5.0 million in 2015 relate to a property within the Brandywine Portfolio (Note 8).

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates for the Core Portfolio increased by $2.6 million due to the change in control of the Brandywine Portfolio in 2016 of $1.3 million and the Company's new investment in Gotham Plaza of $0.8 million.

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in our Core Portfolio increased by $3.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year primarily due to the deconsolidation of the Brandywine Portfolio during 2016 (Note 4).

Funds

Segment net income attributable to Acadia for the Funds increased by $13.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year as a result of the changes described below.

Revenues from the Funds decreased by $9.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year primarily as a result of a decrease of $12.7 million relating to Fund property dispositions in 2016 and 2015 partially offset by additional rental income of $4.3 million related to Fund property acquisitions in 2016 and 2015.

Property operating, other operating expenses and real estate taxes for the Funds decreased by $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year due to real estate taxes, which decreased $2.1 million primarily as a result of the Fund property dispositions in 2016.

Gain on disposition of properties for the Funds decreased by $7.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year (Note 2). The gain on disposition of properties in the Funds during 2016 of $82.0 million represents our gain on sale from 65% of Cortlandt Town Center and Heritage Shops. Gain on disposition of properties in the Funds in 2015 of $89.1 million represents our gain on sale from Lincoln Park Center, Liberty Avenue and the air rights at Fund II's City Point project.

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates for the Funds decreased by $0.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year (Note 4). The amount for 2016 includes a $36.0 million gain on disposition of properties of unconsolidated affiliates in the Funds representing our pro-rata share from the sale of 35% of Cortlandt Town Center. The amount for 2015 includes a $24.0 million gain on disposition of properties of unconsolidated affiliates in the Funds representing our pro-rata share from the sales of White City Shopping Center and Parkway Crossing. This was offset by distributions at the Mervyns/Shopko investments of $5.3 million in 2015 and additional depreciation expense related to the demolition of a building at Arundel Plaza for $5.6 million in 2015.

Interest expense for the Funds decreased by $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year due to $4.7 million more interest capitalized and a $0.3 million decrease in amortization of additional loan costs in 2016. These were offset by a $1.6 million increase related to higher average outstanding borrowings in 2016 and a $1.2 million increase related to higher average interest rates in 2016.

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the Funds decreased by $25.7 million for the year ended compared to the prior year due to the noncontrolling interests’ share of the variances discussed above.

Structured Financing

Interest income and segment net income attributable to Acadia from Structured Financing increased by $9.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year primarily due to earnings from loans originated during 2015 and 2016 and the recapture of previously established reserves of $3.4 million during 2016. Other income decreased $1.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year due to the collection of a note receivable, default interest and other costs, in excess of carrying value during 2015.




 
43
 




Unallocated

The Company does not allocate general and administrative expense and income taxes to its reportable segments. General and administrative expenses increased by $10.2 million or the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the prior year due to the acceleration of equity-based compensation awards related to retirements in 2016 totaling $4.2 million as well as increased compensation expense of $4.7 million, which included $3.9 million related to the Program (Note 13). The remaining $1.3 million relates to an increase in other professional fees.

The provision for income taxes changed by $1.9 million primarily as a result of 2015 corporate Federal income taxes incurred by a Fund IV investor.


SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL MEASURES

Net Property Operating Income

The following discussion of net property operating income (“NOI”) and rent spreads on new and renewal leases includes the activity from both our consolidated and our pro-rata share of unconsolidated properties within our Core Portfolio. Our Funds invest primarily in properties that typically require significant leasing and development. Given that the Funds are finite-life investment vehicles, these properties are sold following stabilization. For these reasons, we believe NOI and rent spreads are not meaningful measures for our Fund investments.
 
NOI represents property revenues less property expenses. We consider NOI and rent spreads on new and renewal leases for our Core Portfolio to be appropriate supplemental disclosures of portfolio operating performance due to their widespread acceptance and use within the REIT investor and analyst communities. NOI and rent spreads on new and renewal leases are presented to assist investors in analyzing our property performance, however, our method of calculating these may be different from methods used by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to such other REITs.

A reconciliation of consolidated operating income to net operating income - Core Portfolio follows (in thousands):

 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Operating Income
 
$
17,319

 
$
21,889

 
$
44,462

Add back:
 
 
 
 
 
 
  General and administrative
 
33,756

 
40,648

 
30,368

  Depreciation and amortization
 
104,934

 
70,011

 
60,751

  Impairment charges
 
14,455

 
—

 
5,000

Less:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Above/below market rent, straight-line rent and other adjustments
 
(21,110
)
 
(5,313
)
 
(8,192
)
Consolidated NOI
 
149,354

 
127,235

 
132,389

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Noncontrolling interest in consolidated NOI
 
(28,379
)
 
(20,872
)
 
(34,675
)
Less: Operating Partnership's interest in Fund NOI included above
 
(7,927
)
 
(4,981
)
 
(5,767
)
Add: Operating Partnership's share of
unconsolidated joint ventures NOI (a)
 
19,539

 
16,547

 
10,382

NOI - Core Portfolio
 
$
132,587

 
$
117,929

 
$
102,329

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
__________

(a)
Does not include the Operating Partnership’s share of NOI from unconsolidated joint ventures within the Funds


 
44
 




Same-Property NOI includes Core Portfolio properties that we owned for both the current and prior periods presented, but excludes those properties which we acquired, sold or expected to sell, and developed during these periods. The following table summarizes Same-Property NOI for our Core Portfolio (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Core Portfolio NOI
 
$
132,587

 
$
117,929

Less properties excluded from Same-Property NOI
 
(31,778
)
 
(17,172
)
Same-Property NOI
 
$
100,809

 
$
100,757

 
 
 
 
 
Percent change from prior year period
 
0.1
%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Components of Same-Property NOI:
 
 
 
 
Same-Property Revenues
 
$
137,590

 
$
133,086

Same-Property Operating Expenses
 
(36,781
)
 
(32,329
)
Same-Property NOI
 
$
100,809

 
$
100,757


Rent Spreads on Core Portfolio New and Renewal Leases

The following table summarizes rent spreads on both a cash basis and straight-line basis for new and renewal leases based on leases executed within our Core Portfolio for the year ended December 31, 2017. Cash basis represents a comparison of rent most recently paid on the previous lease as compared to the initial rent paid on the new lease. Straight-line basis represents a comparison of rents as adjusted for contractual escalations, abated rent and lease incentives for the same comparable leases.
 
 
Year Ended
December 31, 2017
 
 
Core Portfolio New and Renewal Leases
 
Cash Basis
 
Straight-Line Basis
Number of new and renewal leases executed
 
72

 
72

GLA commencing
 
500,028

 
500,028

New base rent
 
$
23.63

 
$
24.23

Expiring base rent
 
$
21.66

 
$
20.48

Percent growth in base rent
 
9.1
%
 
18.3
%
Average cost per square foot
 
$
6.16

 
$
6.16

Weighted average lease term (years)
 
5.3

 
5.3

__________

(a)
The average cost per square foot includes tenant improvement costs, leasing commissions and tenant allowances.

Funds from Operations

We consider funds from operations (“FFO”) as defined by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) to be an appropriate supplemental disclosure of operating performance for an equity REIT due to its widespread acceptance and use within the REIT and analyst communities. FFO is presented to assist investors in analyzing our performance. It is helpful as it excludes various items included in net income that are not indicative of the operating performance, such as gains (losses) from sales of depreciated property, depreciation and amortization, and impairment of depreciable real estate. Our method of calculating FFO may be different from methods used by other REITs and, accordingly, may not be comparable to such other REITs. FFO does not represent cash generated from operations as defined by generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and is not indicative of cash available to fund all cash needs, including distributions. It should not be considered as an alternative to net income for the purpose of evaluating our performance or to cash flows as a measure of liquidity. Consistent with the NAREIT definition, we define FFO as net income (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gains (losses) from sales of depreciated property and impairment of depreciable real estate, plus depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships

 
45
 




and joint ventures. A reconciliation of net income attributable to Acadia to FFO follows (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts):
(dollars in thousands except per share data)
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
61,470

 
$
72,776

 
$
65,708

 
 
 
 
 

 
 
Depreciation of real estate and amortization of leasing costs (net of noncontrolling interests' share)
 
83,515

 
67,446

 
52,013

Impairment charges (net of noncontrolling interests’ share)
 
1,088

 
—

 
1,111

Gain on sale (net of noncontrolling interests’ share)
 
(15,565
)
 
(28,154
)
 
(11,114
)
Income attributable to Common OP Unit holders
 
3,609

 
4,442

 
3,811

Distributions - Preferred OP Units
 
550

 
560

 
31

Funds from operations attributable to Common Shareholders and Common OP Unit holders
 
$
134,667

 
$
117,070

 
$
111,560

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funds From Operations per Share - Diluted
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding,
GAAP earnings
 
83,682,789

 
76,231,000

 
68,851,083

Weighted-average OP Units outstanding
 
4,741,058

 
4,435,041

 
3,894,542

Basic weighted-average shares outstanding, FFO
 
88,423,847

 
80,666,041

 
72,745,625

Assumed conversion of Preferred OP Units
to common shares
 
505,045

 
435,274

 
25,067

Assumed conversion of options, LTIP units and
restricted share units to common shares
 
69,488

 
150,843

 
296,815

Diluted weighted-average number of Common Shares
and Common OP Units outstanding, FFO
 
88,998,380

 
81,252,158

 
73,067,507

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diluted Funds from operations, per Common Share
and Common OP Unit
 
$
1.51

 
$
1.44

 
$
1.53



LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Uses of Liquidity and Cash Requirements

Our principal uses of liquidity are (i) distributions to our shareholders and OP unit holders, (ii) investments which include the funding of our capital committed to the Funds and property acquisitions and development/re-tenanting activities within our Core Portfolio, (iii) distributions to our Fund investors and (iv) debt service and loan repayments.

Distributions

In order to qualify as a REIT for Federal income tax purposes, we must currently distribute at least 90% of our taxable income to our shareholders. During the year ended December 31, 2017, we paid dividends and distributions on our Common Shares, Common OP Units and Preferred OP Units totaling $106.7 million. This amount included a $13.3 million special dividend that was paid in January 2017, which related to the Operating Partnership’s share of cash proceeds from property dispositions during 2016. The balance of the distributions were funded from the Operating Partnership’s share of operating cash flow.

Distributions of $8.4 million were made to noncontrolling interests in Fund III during the year ended December 31, 2017. These resulted from proceeds related to the dispositions of New Hyde Park Shopping Center (Note 2) and Arundel Plaza (Note 4).

Distributions of $23.5 million were made to noncontrolling interests in Fund IV during the year ended December 31, 2017. These resulted from proceeds related to the dispositions of 1151 Third Avenue (Note 2), 2819 Kennedy Boulevard, 1701 Belmont Avenue, and five properties within our Broughton Street Portfolio (Note 4).



 
46
 




Investments in Real Estate

During the year ended December 31, 2017, within our Core and Fund portfolios we acquired seven properties aggregating $214.7 million as follows:

•
Fund V acquired four consolidated properties totaling $167.2 million (Note 2);
•
Fund IV acquired a consolidated property for $35.4 million (Note 2);
•
Fund IV acquired a consolidated property in exchange for a $9.1 million note receivable plus accrued interest (Note 2, Note 3); and
•
In our Core portfolio, our Renaissance investment, in which we hold a 20% interest, acquired a $3.0 million property (Note 4).

Capital Commitments

During the year ended December 31, 2017, we made capital contributions of $11.1 million to Fund IV, $9.2 million to Fund V, and $3.6 million to Fund III in connection with acquisitions and development costs. At December 31, 2017, our share of the remaining capital commitments to our Funds aggregated $131.9 million as follows:

•
Fund II was launched in June 2004 with total committed capital of $300.0 million of which our share was $85.0 million, which has been fully funded.
•
$9.5 million to Fund III. Fund III was launched in May 2007 with total committed capital of $450.0 million of which our original share was $89.6 million. During 2015, we acquired an additional interest, which had an original capital commitment of $20.9 million.
•
$27.1 million to Fund IV. Fund IV was launched in May 2012 with total committed capital of $530.0 million of which our original share was $122.5 million.
•
$95.3 million to Fund V. Fund V was launched in August 2016 with total committed capital of $520.0 million of which our initial share is $104.5 million.

Development Activities

During the year ended December 31, 2017, capitalized costs associated with development activities totaled $108.1 million. These costs primarily related to Fund II’s City Point project. At December 31, 2017, we had 6 properties under development for which the estimated total cost to complete these projects through 2020 was $75.7 million to $101.7 million and our share was approximately $25.1 million to $33.2 million.

Debt

A summary of our consolidated debt, which includes the full amount of Fund related obligations and excludes our pro rata share of debt at our unconsolidated subsidiaries, is as follows (in thousands):
 
 
December 31,
 
December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Total Debt - Fixed and Effectively Fixed Rate
 
$
899,650

 
$
860,486

Total Debt - Variable Rate
 
538,736

 
645,185

 
 
1,438,386

 
1,505,671

Net unamortized debt issuance costs
 
(14,833
)
 
(18,289
)
Unamortized premium
 
856

 
1,336

Total Indebtedness
 
$
1,424,409

 
$
1,488,718


As of December 31, 2017, our consolidated outstanding mortgage and notes payable aggregated $1,438.4 million, excluding unamortized premium of $0.9 million and unamortized loan costs of $14.8 million, and were collateralized by 42 properties and related tenant leases. Interest rates on our outstanding indebtedness ranged from 1.00% to 5.89% with maturities that ranged from May 1, 2018, to April 15, 2035. Taking into consideration $504.0 million of notional principal under variable to fixed-rate swap agreements currently in effect, $899.7 million of the portfolio debt, or 62.5%, was fixed at a 3.74% weighted-average interest rate and $538.7 million, or 37.5% was floating at a 3.44% weighted average interest rate as of December 31, 2017. Our variable-rate debt includes $196.4 million of debt subject to interest rate caps.


 
47
 




There is $87.7 million of debt maturing in 2018 at a weighted-average interest rate of 4.17%; there is $6.7 million of scheduled principal amortization due in 2018; and our share of scheduled remaining 2018 principal payments and maturities on our unconsolidated debt was $7.9 million at December 31, 2017. In addition, $213.6 million of our total consolidated debt and $1.0 million of our pro-rata share of unconsolidated debt will come due in 2019. As it relates to the maturing debt in 2018 and 2019, we may not have sufficient cash on hand to repay such indebtedness, and, therefore, we expect to refinance at least a portion of this indebtedness or select other alternatives based on market conditions as these loans mature; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to obtain financing at acceptable terms.

A mortgage loan in the Company’s Core Portfolio for $26.3 million was in default at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (Note 7). In April 2017, the lender on this mortgage initiated a lawsuit against the Company for the full balance of the principal, accrued interest as well as penalties and fees aggregating approximately $32.1 million. The Company’s management believes that the mortgage is not recourse to the Company and that the suit is without merit.

Sources of Liquidity

Our primary sources of capital for funding our liquidity needs include (i) the issuance of both public equity and OP Units, (ii) the issuance of both secured and unsecured debt, (iii) unfunded capital commitments from noncontrolling interests within our Funds, (iv) future sales of existing properties and (v) cash on hand and future cash flow from operating activities. Our cash on hand in our consolidated subsidiaries at December 31, 2017 totaled $74.8 million. Our remaining sources of liquidity are described further below.

Issuance of Equity

We have an at-the-market (“ATM”) equity issuance program which provides us an efficient and low-cost vehicle for raising public equity to fund our capital needs. Through this program, we have been able to effectively “match-fund” the required equity for our Core Portfolio and Fund acquisitions through the issuance of Common Shares over extended periods employing a price averaging strategy. In addition, from time to time, we have issued and intend to continue to issue, equity in follow-on offerings separate from our ATM program. Net proceeds raised through our ATM program and follow-on offerings are primarily used for acquisitions, both for our Core Portfolio and our pro-rata share of Fund acquisitions, and for general corporate purposes. There were no issuances of equity under the ATM program during the year ended December 31, 2017.

Fund Capital

During the year ended December 31, 2017, noncontrolling interest capital contributions to Fund IV of $37.0 million, to Fund V of $36.6 million, and to Fund III of $11.2 million were primarily used to fund recent acquisitions and development activities. At December 31, 2017, unfunded capital commitments from noncontrolling interests within our Funds III, IV and V were $29.1 million, $90.2 million and $378.9 million, respectively.

Asset Sales

As previously discussed, during the year ended December 31, 2017, within our Fund portfolio we sold five consolidated and eight unconsolidated properties for an aggregate sales price of $345.8 million for which our proportionate share of the aggregate gains was $15.6 million (Note 2, Note 4).

Structured Financing Repayments

During 2017, we received total collections on our notes receivable of $32.0 million, including full repayment of two notes issued in prior periods (Note 3). Scheduled principal collections for 2018 total $41.0 million.

Financing and Debt

As of December 31, 2017, we had $166.5 million of additional capacity under existing revolving debt facilities. In addition, at that date we had 71 unleveraged consolidated properties with an aggregate carrying value of approximately $1.6 billion and 25 unleveraged unconsolidated properties for which our share of the carrying value was $62.9 million, although there can be no assurance that we would be able to obtain financing for these properties at favorable terms, if at all.


 
48
 




HISTORICAL CASH FLOW

Cash Flows for 2017 Compared to 2016

The following table compares the historical cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2017 with the cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2016 (in millions):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
Variance
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
119.8

 
$
111.8

 
$
8.0

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 
10.1

 
(611.0
)
 
621.1

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
 
(126.9
)
 
498.2

 
(625.1
)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
$
3.0

 
$
(1.0
)
 
$
4.0


Operating Activities

Our operating activities provided $8.0 million more cash during the year ended December 31, 2017, primarily due to additional cash flow from 2016 and 2017 Core and Fund acquisitions partially offset by a $27.0 million rent prepayment received from a tenant in 2016.

Investing Activities

During the year ended December 31, 2017 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2016, our investing activities used $621.1 million less cash, primarily due to (i) $291.8 million less cash used for the acquisition of real estate, (ii) $146.8 million less cash used for the issuance of notes receivable, (iii) $111.8 million more cash received from disposition of properties, including unconsolidated affiliates, (iv) $65.6 million less cash used for investments and advances to unconsolidated investments, and (v) $41.3 million less cash used for development and property improvement costs. These items were partially offset by (i) $30.5 million less cash received from return of capital from unconsolidated affiliates, and (ii) $10.8 million less cash received from repayments of notes receivable.

Financing Activities

Our financing activities provided $625.1 million less cash during the year ended December 31, 2017, primarily from (i) $450.1 million less cash received from the issuance of Common Shares, (ii) a decrease in cash of $209.9 million from capital contributions from noncontrolling interests, and (iii) a decrease of $19.4 million of cash provided from net borrowings. These items were partially offset by a decrease of $66.1 million in cash distributions to noncontrolling interests.

Cash Flows for 2016 Compared to 2015

The following table compares the historical cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2016 with the cash flow for the year ended December 31, 2015 (dollars in millions):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2016
 
2015
 
Variance
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
111.8

 
$
113.6

 
$
(1.8
)
Net cash used in investing activities
 
(611.0
)
 
(354.5
)
 
(256.5
)
Net cash provided by financing activities
 
498.2

 
96.1

 
402.1

Total
 
$
(1.0
)
 
$
(144.8
)
 
$
143.8


Operating Activities

Our operating activities provided $1.8 million less cash during 2016, primarily due to (i) $7.8 million of lease payments relating to 991 Madison Avenue during 2016, and (ii) additional distributions from the Mervyns I & II portfolios during 2015. These items were partially offset by additional cash flow from 2016 acquisitions.


 
49
 




Investing Activities

During 2016, our investing activities used an additional $256.5 million of cash, primarily for (i) an additional $156.9 million used for the acquisition of real estate, (ii) $108.9 million of additional cash used for the issuance of notes receivable, (iii) $47.9 million more cash used in investments and advances to unconsolidated affiliates, and (iii) $32.3 million less cash received from the disposition of properties, including unconsolidated affiliates. These items were partially offset by (i) $42.8 million more cash received from return of capital from unconsolidated affiliates (ii) $26.8 million more cash received from repayments of notes receivable and (iii) $14.9 million less cash used for development and property improvement costs,

Financing Activities

Our financing activities provided $402.1 million more cash during 2016, primarily from (i) $386.9 million more cash received from the issuance of Common Shares and (ii) an increase of $259.6 million from capital contributions from noncontrolling interests. These items were partially offset by (i) a decrease of $210.7 million of cash provided from net borrowings, (ii) distributions to noncontrolling interests increased $21.4 million, (iii) $7.3 million more cash used for deferred financing and other costs, and (iv) an additional $5.0 million of cash used to pay dividends to Common Shareholders.

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

The following table summarizes: (i) principal and interest obligations under mortgage and other notes, (ii) rents due under non-cancelable operating and capital leases, which includes ground leases at seven of our properties and the lease for our corporate office and (iii) construction commitments as of December 31, 2017 (in millions):
 
 
Payments Due by Period
Contractual Obligations
 
Total
 
Less than
1 Year
 
1 to 3
Years
 
3 to 5
Years
 
More than
5 Years
Principal obligations on debt
 
$
1,438.4

 
$
94.4

 
$
790.0

 
$
353.9

 
$
200.1

Interest obligations on debt
 
217.3

 
60.7

 
92.5

 
34.4

 
29.7

Lease obligations (a)
 
207.2

 
4.5

 
8.9

 
8.7

 
185.1

Construction commitments (b)
 
92.2

 
92.2

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total
 
$
1,955.1

 
$
251.8

 
$
891.4

 
$
397.0

 
$
414.9

__________

(a)
A ground lease expiring during 2078 provides the Company with an option to purchase the underlying land during 2031. If we do not exercise the option, the rents that will be due are based on future values and as such are not determinable at this time. Accordingly, the above table does not include rents for this lease beyond 2031.
(b)
In conjunction with the development of our Core Portfolio and Fund properties, we have entered into construction commitments with general contractors. We intend to fund these requirements with existing liquidity.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We have the following investments made through joint ventures for the purpose of investing in operating properties. We account for these investments using the equity method of accounting. As such, our financial statements reflect our investment and our share of income and loss from, but not the individual assets and liabilities, of these joint ventures.

See Note 4 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, for a discussion of our unconsolidated investments. The Operating Partnership’s pro-rata share of unconsolidated non-recourse debt related to those investments is as follows (dollars in millions):

 
50
 




 
 
Operating
Partnership
Ownership Percentage
 
Operating
Partnership
Pro-rata Share of Mortgage Debt
 
 
 
 
Investment
 
 
 
Interest Rate at December 31, 2017
 
Maturity Date
230/240 W. Broughton
 
11.6
%
 
$
1.2

 
4.37
%
 
May 2018
Promenade at Manassas
 
22.8
%
 
5.7

 
3.07
%
 
November 2018
650 Bald Hill
 
20.8
%
 
2.9

 
4.02
%
 
April 2020
Eden Square
 
22.8
%
 
5.1

 
3.52
%
 
June 2020
Gotham Plaza (a)
 
49.0
%
 
10.0

 
2.97
%
 
June 2023
Renaissance Portfolio
 
20.0
%
 
32.0

 
3.07
%
 
August 2023
Crossroads
 
49.0
%
 
33.0

 
3.94
%
 
October 2024
840 N. Michigan
 
88.4
%
 
65.0

 
4.36
%
 
February 2025
Georgetown Portfolio
 
50.0
%
 
8.4

 
4.72
%
 
December 2027
Total
 
 
 
$
163.3

 
 

 
 

(a)
Our unconsolidated affiliate is a party to an interest rate LIBOR swap with a notional value of $20.4 million, which effectively fixes the interest rate at 3.49% and matures in June 2023.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon our Consolidated Financial Statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these Consolidated Financial Statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. We base our estimates on historical experience and assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect the significant judgments and estimates used by us in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements.

Valuation of Properties

On a quarterly basis, we review the carrying value of properties held for use and for sale as well as our development properties. We perform an impairment analysis by calculating and reviewing net operating income on a property-by-property basis. We evaluate leasing projections and perform other analyses to conclude whether an asset is impaired. We record impairment losses and reduce the carrying value of properties when indicators of impairment are present and the expected undiscounted cash flows related to those properties are less than their carrying amounts. In cases where we do not expect to recover our carrying costs on properties held for use, we reduce our carrying cost to fair value. For properties held for sale, we reduce our carrying value to the fair value less costs to sell.

See Note 8 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of impairments recognized during the periods presented.

Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

We periodically review our investment in unconsolidated joint ventures for other than temporary declines in market value. Any decline that is not expected to be recovered in the next twelve months is considered other-than-temporary and an impairment charge is recorded as a reduction in the carrying value of the investment. No impairment charges related to our investment in unconsolidated joint ventures were recognized for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015.

Bad Debts

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of tenants to make payments on arrearages in billed rents, as well as the likelihood that tenants will not have the ability to make payments on unbilled rents including estimated expense recoveries. We also maintain a reserve for straight-line rent receivables. For the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, the allowance for doubtful accounts totaled $5.9 million and $5.7 million, respectively. If the financial condition
of our tenants were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.

Real Estate

Real estate assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Expenditures for acquisition, development, construction and improvement of properties, as well as significant renovations are capitalized. Interest costs are capitalized until construction is substantially complete. Construction in progress includes costs for significant property expansion and development. Depreciation is computed on the straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of 40 years for buildings, the shorter of the useful life or lease term for tenant improvements and five years for furniture, fixtures and equipment. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are charged to operations as incurred.

Upon acquisitions of real estate, we assess the fair value of acquired assets (including land, buildings and improvements, and identified intangibles such as above and below market leases and acquired in-place leases and customer relationships) and acquired liabilities in accordance with the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805 “Business Combinations” and ASC Topic 350 “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other,” and allocate purchase price based on these assessments. We assess fair value based on estimated cash flow projections that utilize appropriate discount and capitalization rates and available market information. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including the historical operating results, known trends, and market/economic conditions that may affect the property.

Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable

Leases with tenants are accounted for as operating leases. Minimum rents are recognized on a straight-line basis over the non-cancelable term of the respective leases, beginning when the tenant takes possession of the space. Certain of these leases also provide for percentage rents based upon the level of sales achieved by the tenant. Percentage rent is recognized in the period when the tenants’ sales breakpoint is met. In addition, leases typically provide for the reimbursement to us of real estate taxes, insurance and other property operating expenses. These reimbursements are recognized as revenue in the period the expenses are incurred.

We make estimates of the uncollectability of our accounts receivable related to tenant revenues. An allowance for doubtful accounts has been provided against certain tenant accounts receivable that are estimated to be uncollectible. See “Bad Debts” above. Once the amount is ultimately deemed to be uncollectible, it is written off.

Structured Financings

Real estate notes receivable investments and preferred equity investments (“Structured Financings”) are intended to be held to maturity and are carried at cost. Interest income from Structured Financings are recognized on the effective interest method over the expected life of the loan. Under the effective interest method, interest or fees to be collected at the origination of the Structured Financing investment is recognized over the term of the loan as an adjustment to yield.

Allowances for Structured Financing investments are established based upon management’s quarterly review of the investments. In performing this review, management considers the estimated net recoverable value of the investment as well as other factors, including the fair value of any collateral, the amount and status of any senior debt, and the prospects for the borrower. Because this determination is based upon projections of future economic events, which are inherently subjective, the amounts ultimately realized from the Structured Financings may differ materially from the carrying value at the balance sheet date. Interest income recognition is generally suspended for investments when, in the opinion of management, a full recovery of income and principal becomes doubtful. Income recognition is resumed when the suspended investment becomes contractually current and performance is demonstrated to be resumed.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

Reference is made to Note 1 for information about recently issued accounting pronouncements.


 
51
 




ITEM 7A.
QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Information as of December 31, 2017

Our primary market risk exposure is to changes in interest rates related to our mortgage and other debt. See Note 7 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, for certain quantitative details related to our mortgage and other debt.

Currently, we manage our exposure to fluctuations in interest rates primarily through the use of fixed-rate debt and interest rate swap and cap agreements. As of December 31, 2017, we had total mortgage and other notes payable of $1,438.4 million, excluding the unamortized premium of $0.9 million and unamortized loan costs of $14.8 million, of which $899.7 million, or 62.5% was fixed-rate, inclusive of debt with rates fixed through the use of derivative financial instruments, and $538.7 million, or 37.5%, was variable-rate based upon LIBOR or Prime rates plus certain spreads. As of December 31, 2017, we were party to 27 interest rate swap and four interest rate cap agreements to hedge our exposure to changes in interest rates with respect to $504.0 million and $196.4 million of LIBOR-based variable-rate debt, respectively.

The following table sets forth information as of December 31, 2017 concerning our long-term debt obligations on a pro-rata share basis, including principal cash flows by scheduled maturity and weighted average interest rates of maturing amounts (dollars in millions):

Core Consolidated Mortgage and Other Debt
Year
 
Scheduled
Amortization
 
Maturities
 
Total
 
Weighted-Average
Interest Rate
2018
 
$
3.1

 
$
45.9

 
$
49.0

 
4.2
%
2019
 
3.0

 
—

 
3.0

 
—
%
2020
 
3.1

 
91.5

 
94.6

 
2.7
%
2021
 
3.2

 
200.0

 
203.2

 
2.7
%
2022
 
3.4

 
50.0

 
53.4

 
3.0
%
Thereafter
 
17.4

 
147.7

 
165.1

 
3.7
%
 
 
$
33.2

 
$
535.1

 
$
568.3

 
 


Fund Consolidated Mortgage and Other Debt
Year
 
Scheduled
Amortization
 
Maturities
 
Total
 
Weighted-Average
Interest Rate
2018
 
$
0.7

 
$
5.1

 
$
5.8

 
3.6
%
2019
 
0.8

 
46.0

 
46.8

 
4.2
%
2020
 
0.5

 
111.8

 
112.3

 
3.9
%
2021
 
0.5

 
11.3

 
11.8

 
3.5
%
2022
 
0.4

 
10.1

 
10.5

 
3.4
%
Thereafter
 
0.1

 
7.0

 
7.1

 
3.6
%
 
 
$
3.0

 
$
191.3

 
$
194.3

 
 


Mortgage Debt in Unconsolidated Partnerships (at our Pro-Rata Share)
 
 
Scheduled
Amortization
 
Maturities
 
Total
 
Weighted-Average
Interest Rate
2018
 
$
1.0

 
$
6.9

 
$
7.9

 
3.1
%
2019
 
1.0

 
—

 
1.0

 
—
%
2020
 
1.1

 
8.0

 
9.1

 
1.9
%
2021
 
1.1

 
—

 
1.1

 
—
%
2022
 
1.2

 
—

 
1.2

 
—
%
Thereafter
 
2.6

 
140.4

 
143.0

 
3.9
%
 
 
$
8.0

 
$
155.3

 
$
163.3

 
 




 
52
 




In 2018, $94.4 million of our total consolidated debt and $7.9 million of our pro-rata share of unconsolidated outstanding debt will become due. In addition, $213.6 million of our total consolidated debt and $1.0 million of our pro-rata share of unconsolidated debt will become due in 2019. As we intend on refinancing some or all of such debt at the then-existing market interest rates, which may be greater than the current interest rate, our interest expense would increase by approximately $3.1 million annually if the interest rate on the refinanced debt increased by 100 basis points. After giving effect to noncontrolling interests, our share of this increase would be $1.0 million. Interest expense on our variable-rate debt of $538.7 million, net of variable to fixed-rate swap agreements currently in effect, as of December 31, 2017, would increase $5.4 million if LIBOR increased by 100 basis points. After giving effect to noncontrolling interests, our share of this increase would be $1.3 million. We may seek additional variable-rate financing if and when pricing and other commercial and financial terms warrant. As such, we would consider hedging against the interest rate risk related to such additional variable-rate debt through interest rate swaps and protection agreements, or other means.

Based on our outstanding debt balances as of December 31, 2017, the fair value of our total consolidated outstanding debt would decrease by approximately $15.9 million if interest rates increase by 1%. Conversely, if interest rates decrease by 1%, the fair value of our total outstanding debt would increase by approximately $17.3 million.

As of December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, we had consolidated notes receivable of $153.8 million and $276.2 million, respectively. We determined the estimated fair value of our notes receivable by discounting future cash receipts utilizing a discount rate equivalent to the rate at which similar notes receivable would be originated under conditions then existing.

Based on our outstanding notes receivable balances as of December 31, 2017, the fair value of our total outstanding notes receivable would decrease by approximately $1.9 million if interest rates increase by 1%. Conversely, if interest rates decrease by 1%, the fair value of our total outstanding notes receivable would increase by approximately $2.0 million.

Summarized Information as of December 31, 2016

As of December 31, 2016, we had total mortgage and other notes payable of $1,505.7 million, excluding the unamortized premium of $1.3 million and unamortized loan costs of $18.3 million, of which $860.5 million, or 57.1% was fixed-rate, inclusive of interest rate swaps, and $645.2 million, or 42.9%, was variable-rate based upon LIBOR plus certain spreads. As of December 31, 2016, we were party to 18 interest rate swap and four interest rate cap agreements to hedge our exposure to changes in interest rates with respect to $365.3 million and $196.4 million of LIBOR-based variable-rate debt, respectively.

Interest expense on our variable-rate debt of $645.2 million as of December 31, 2016, would have increased $6.5 million if LIBOR increased by 100 basis points. Based on our outstanding debt balances as of December 31, 2016, the fair value of our total outstanding debt would have decreased by approximately $20.3 million if interest rates increased by 1%. Conversely, if interest rates decreased by 1%, the fair value of our total outstanding debt would have increased by approximately $22.8 million.

Changes in Market Risk Exposures from 2016 to 2017

Our interest rate risk exposure from December 31, 2016, to December 31, 2017, has decreased on an absolute basis, as the $645.2 million of variable-rate debt as of December 31, 2016, has decreased to $538.7 million as of December 31, 2017. As a percentage of our overall debt, our interest rate risk exposure has decreased as our variable-rate debt accounted for 42.9% of our consolidated debt as of December 31, 2016, and decreased to 37.5% as of December 31, 2017.


 
53
 




ITEM 8.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 
 
Page
 
 
 
Financial Statements:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial Statement Schedules:
 
 
 
 
 


 
54
 


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Trustees of Acadia Realty Trust

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Acadia Realty Trust and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017 and the related notes and financial statement schedules listed in the Index at Item 15 (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 27, 2018, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion
These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.


/s/ BDO USA, LLP

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2005.

New York, New York
February 27, 2018


 
55
 




ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
 
December 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)
 
2017
 
2016
ASSETS
 
 
 
 
Investments in real estate, at cost
 
 

 
 

Operating real estate, net
 
$
2,952,918

 
$
2,551,448

Real estate under development
 
173,702

 
543,486

Net investments in real estate
 
3,126,620

 
3,094,934

Notes receivable, net
 
153,829

 
276,163

Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates
 
302,070

 
272,028

Other assets, net
 
214,959

 
192,786

Cash and cash equivalents
 
74,823

 
71,805

Rents receivable, net
 
51,738

 
43,842

Restricted cash
 
10,846

 
22,904

Assets of properties held for sale
 
25,362

 
21,498

Total assets
 
$
3,960,247

 
$
3,995,960

 
 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 

 
 

Mortgage and other notes payable, net
 
$
909,174

 
$
1,055,728

Unsecured notes payable, net
 
473,735

 
432,990

Unsecured line of credit
 
41,500

 
—

Accounts payable and other liabilities
 
210,052

 
208,672

Capital lease obligation
 
70,611

 
70,129

Dividends and distributions payable
 
24,244

 
36,625

Distributions in excess of income from, and investments in, unconsolidated affiliates
 
15,292

 
13,691

Total liabilities
 
1,744,608

 
1,817,835

Commitments and contingencies
 


 


EQUITY
 
 

 
 

Acadia Shareholders' Equity
 
 
 
 
Common shares, $0.001 par value, authorized 200,000,000 and 100,000,000 shares, issued and outstanding 83,708,140 and 83,597,741 shares, respectively
 
84

 
84

Additional paid-in capital
 
1,596,514

 
1,594,926

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
2,614

 
(798
)
Distributions in excess of accumulated earnings
 
(32,013
)
 
(5,635
)
Total Acadia shareholders’ equity
 
1,567,199

 
1,588,577

Noncontrolling interests
 
648,440

 
589,548

Total equity
 
2,215,639

 
2,178,125

Total liabilities and equity
 
$
3,960,247

 
$
3,995,960


The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 
56
 




ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands except per share amounts)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rental income
 
$
198,941

 
$
152,814

 
$
158,632

Expense reimbursements
 
44,907

 
32,282

 
36,306

Other
 
6,414

 
4,843

 
4,125

Total revenues
 
250,262

 
189,939

 
199,063

Operating expenses
 
 

 
 

 
 
Depreciation and amortization
 
104,934

 
70,011

 
60,751

General and administrative
 
33,756

 
40,648

 
30,368

Real estate taxes
 
35,946

 
25,630

 
25,384

Property operating
 
41,668

 
24,244

 
28,423

Other operating
 
2,184

 
7,517

 
4,675

Impairment charges
 
14,455

 
—

 
5,000

Total operating expenses
 
232,943

 
168,050

 
154,601

Operating income
 
17,319

 
21,889

 
44,462

Equity in earnings and gains of unconsolidated affiliates inclusive of gains on disposition of properties of $15,336, $35,950 and $24,043, respectively
 
23,371

 
39,449

 
37,330

Interest income
 
29,143

 
25,829

 
16,603

Interest expense
 
(58,978
)
 
(34,645
)
 
(37,297
)
Gain on change in control and other
 
5,571

 
—

 
1,596

Income from continuing operations
before income taxes
 
16,426

 
52,522

 
62,694

Income tax (provision) benefit
 
(1,004
)
 
105

 
(1,787
)
Income from continuing operations before gain
on disposition of properties
 
15,422

 
52,627

 
60,907

Gain on disposition of properties, net of tax
 
48,886

 
81,965

 
89,063

Net income
 
64,308

 
134,592

 
149,970

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(2,838
)
 
(61,816
)
 
(84,262
)
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
61,470

 
$
72,776

 
$
65,708


 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted earnings per share
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.94

 
$
0.94

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 
57
 




ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income
 
$
64,308

 
$
134,592

 
$
149,970

Other comprehensive income (loss):
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unrealized income (loss) on valuation of swap agreements
 
634

 
(646
)
 
(5,061
)
Reclassification of realized interest on swap agreements
 
3,317

 
4,576

 
5,524

Other comprehensive income
 
3,951

 
3,930

 
463

Comprehensive income
 
68,259

 
138,522

 
150,433

Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(3,377
)
 
(62,081
)
 
(85,183
)
Comprehensive income attributable to Acadia
 
$
64,882

 
$
76,441

 
$
65,250



The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
58
 


ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015



 
Acadia Shareholders
 
 
 
 
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Common Shares
 
Share Amount
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
 
(Distributions in Excess of Accumulated Earnings) Retained Earnings
 
Total
Common
Shareholders’
Equity
 
Noncontrolling
Interests
 
Total
Equity
Balance at
January 1, 2017
83,598

 
$
84

 
$
1,594,926

 
$
(798
)
 
$
(5,635
)
 
$
1,588,577

 
$
589,548

 
$
2,178,125

Conversion of OP Units to Common Shares by limited partners of the Operating Partnership
87

 
—

 
1,541

 
—

 
—

 
1,541

 
(1,541
)
 
—

Dividends/distributions declared ($1.05 per Common Share/OP Unit)
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(87,848
)
 
(87,848
)
 
(6,453
)
 
(94,301
)
Employee and trustee stock compensation, net
23

 
—

 
698

 
—

 
—

 
698

 
10,457

 
11,155

Noncontrolling interest distributions
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(32,805
)
 
(32,805
)
Noncontrolling interest contributions
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
85,206

 
85,206

Reallocation of noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
(651
)
 
—

 
—

 
(651
)
 
651

 
—

Comprehensive income
—

 
—

 
—

 
3,412

 
61,470

 
64,882

 
3,377

 
68,259

Balance at
December 31, 2017
83,708


$
84


$
1,596,514


$
2,614


$
(32,013
)

$
1,567,199


$
648,440


$
2,215,639

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at
   January 1, 2016
70,258

 
$
70

 
$
1,092,239

 
$
(4,463
)
 
$
12,642

 
$
1,100,488

 
$
420,866

 
$
1,521,354

Conversion of OP Units to Common Shares by limited partners of the Operating Partnership
351

 
1

 
7,891

 
—

 
—

 
7,892

 
(7,892
)
 
—

Issuance of Common Shares, net of issuance costs
12,961

 
13

 
450,117

 
—

 
—

 
450,130

 
—

 
450,130

Issuance of OP Units to acquire real estate
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
31,429

 
31,429

Dividends/distributions declared ($1.16 per Common Share/OP Unit)
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(91,053
)
 
(91,053
)
 
(6,753
)
 
(97,806
)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
7,546

 
—

 
—

 
7,546

 
(25,925
)
 
(18,379
)
Employee and trustee stock compensation, net
28

 
—

 
926

 
—

 
—

 
926

 
12,768

 
13,694

Change in control of previously unconsolidated investment
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(75,713
)
 
(75,713
)
Windfall tax benefit
—

 
—

 
555

 
—

 
—

 
555

 
—

 
555

Noncontrolling interest distributions
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(80,769
)
 
(80,769
)
Noncontrolling interest contributions
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
295,108

 
295,108

Comprehensive income
—

 
—

 
—

 
3,665

 
72,776

 
76,441

 
62,081

 
138,522

Reallocation of noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
35,652

 
—

 
—

 
35,652

 
(35,652
)
 
—

Balance at
December 31, 2016
83,598


$
84


$
1,594,926


$
(798
)

$
(5,635
)

$
1,588,577


$
589,548


$
2,178,125

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
59
 


ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Years Ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015


 
Acadia Shareholders
 
 
 
 
(in thousands, except per share amounts)
Common Shares
 
Share Amount
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
 
(Distributions in Excess of Accumulated Earnings) Retained Earnings
 
Total
Common
Shareholders’
Equity
 
Noncontrolling
Interests
 
Total
Equity
(Continued)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at
January 1, 2015
68,109

 
$
68

 
$
1,027,861

 
$
(4,005
)
 
$
31,617

 
$
1,055,541

 
$
380,416

 
$
1,435,957

Conversion of OP Units to Common Shares by limited partners of the Operating Partnership
101

 
—

 
2,451

 
—

 
—

 
2,451

 
(2,451
)
 
—

Issuance of Common Shares, net of issuance costs
1,973

 
2

 
64,415

 
—

 
—

 
64,417

 
—

 
64,417

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests
—

 
—

 
(4,409
)
 
—

 
—

 
(4,409
)
 
(3,561
)
 
(7,970
)
Dividends/distributions declared ($1.22 per Common Share/OP Unit)
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(84,683
)
 
(84,683
)
 
(5,983
)
 
(90,666
)
Employee and trustee stock compensation, net
75

 
—

 
1,921

 
—

 
—

 
1,921

 
6,723

 
8,644

Noncontrolling interest distributions
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(74,950
)
 
(74,950
)
Noncontrolling interest contributions
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
35,489

 
35,489

Comprehensive (loss) income
—

 
—

 
—

 
(458
)
 
65,708

 
65,250

 
85,183

 
150,433

Balance at
December 31, 2015
70,258

 
$
70

 
$
1,092,239

 
$
(4,463
)
 
$
12,642

 
$
1,100,488

 
$
420,866

 
$
1,521,354

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
60
 


ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS




 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES
 
 

 
 

 
 
Net income
 
$
64,308

 
$
134,592

 
$
149,970

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash
provided by operating activities:
 
 

 
 

 
 
Gain on disposition of properties
 
(48,886
)
 
(81,965
)
 
(89,063
)
Gain on change in control
 
(5,571
)
 
—

 
—

Depreciation and amortization
 
104,934

 
70,011

 
60,751

Distributions of operating income from unconsolidated affiliates
 
9,249

 
7,256

 
12,291

Equity in earnings and gains of unconsolidated affiliates
 
(23,371
)
 
(39,449
)
 
(37,330
)
Stock compensation expense
 
11,155

 
13,695

 
7,438

Amortization of financing costs
 
5,985

 
3,204

 
3,537

Impairment charges
 
14,455

 
—

 
5,000

Other, net
 
(10,610
)
 
(8,095
)
 
(6,483
)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other liabilities
 
(4,285
)
 
26,532

 
5,354

Prepaid expenses and other assets
 
(6,498
)
 
(11,677
)
 
12,690

Rents receivable, net
 
(11,274
)
 
(4,847
)
 
(5,673
)
Restricted cash
 
11,474

 
1,912

 
(6,168
)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
8,768

 
591

 
1,284

Net cash provided by operating activities
 
119,833

 
111,760

 
113,598

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
 
 

 
 

 
 
Acquisition of real estate
 
(200,429
)
 
(495,644
)
 
(338,700
)
Development and property improvement costs
 
(108,142
)
 
(149,434
)
 
(164,315
)
Issuance of or advances on notes receivable
 
(10,600
)
 
(157,352
)
 
(48,500
)
Proceeds from the disposition of properties
 
260,711

 
150,378

 
168,895

Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates
 
(6,535
)
 
(72,098
)
 
(24,168
)
Return of capital from unconsolidated affiliates
 
23,946

 
54,444

 
11,892

Proceeds from notes receivable
 
32,000

 
42,819

 
15,984

Deposits for properties under contract
 
(2,000
)
 
1,424

 
(5,776
)
Proceeds from disposition of properties of unconsolidated affiliates
 
26,045

 
24,586

 
38,392

Payment of deferred leasing costs
 
(5,202
)
 
(7,515
)
 
(8,207
)
Change in control of previously unconsolidated (consolidated) affiliate
 
288

 
(2,578
)
 
—

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 
10,082

 
(610,970
)
 
(354,503
)








 
61
 


ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS


 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(Continued)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
 
 

 
 

 
 
Principal payments on mortgage and other notes
 
(306,119
)
 
(394,864
)
 
(148,423
)
Principal payments on unsecured debt
 
(277,134
)
 
(541,790
)
 
(234,815
)
Proceeds received on mortgage and other notes
 
156,344

 
222,071

 
90,234

Proceeds from unsecured debt
 
359,625

 
666,716

 
417,425

Proceeds from issuance of Common Shares, net of
issuance costs of $0, $9,238 and $1,150, respectively
 
—

 
450,130

 
63,234

Capital contributions from noncontrolling interests
 
85,206

 
295,108

 
35,489

Distributions to noncontrolling interests
 
(39,942
)
 
(105,994
)
 
(84,610
)
Dividends paid to Common Shareholders
 
(99,527
)
 
(91,334
)
 
(86,353
)
Deferred financing and other costs
 
(6,211
)
 
(11,678
)
 
(4,376
)
Loan proceeds held as restricted cash
 
861

 
9,874

 
48,676

Purchase of convertible notes payable
 
—

 
—

 
(380
)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
 
(126,897
)
 
498,239

 
96,101


 
 
 
 
 
 
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
 
3,018

 
(971
)
 
(144,804
)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the year
 
71,805

 
72,776

 
217,580

Cash and cash equivalents, end of the year
 
$
74,823

 
$
71,805

 
$
72,776

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
 
 

 
 

 
 
Cash paid during the period for interest, net of
capitalized interest of $13,509, $21,109 and $16,447, respectively
 
$
49,942

 
$
42,279

 
$
47,960

Cash paid for income taxes, net of (refunds)
 
$
875

 
$
2,036

 
$
2,038

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities
 
 

 
 

 
 
Acquisition of real estate through assumption of debt
 
$
—

 
$
120,672

 
$
91,885

Acquisition of real estate through issuance of OP Units
 
$
—

 
$
29,336

 
$
—

Acquisition of capital lease obligation
 
$
—

 
$
76,461

 
$
—

Mortgage debt financed at time of acquisition
 
$
—

 
$
63,900

 
$
—

Assumption of accounts payable and accrued expenses
through acquisition of real estate
 
$
2,173

 
$
3,587

 
$
—

Assumption of prepaid expenses and other
assets through acquisition of real estate
 


 
$
2,226

 
$
—

Disposition of air rights through issuance of notes receivable
 
$
—

 


 
$
(29,539
)
Acquisition of real estate through assumption of restricted cash
 
$
—

 


 
$
(28,912
)
Acquisition of real estate through conversion of note receivable
 
$
9,000

 
$
—

 
$
13,386

Acquisition of undivided interest in a property
through conversion of notes receivable
 
$
60,695

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in control of previously unconsolidated (consolidated) investment
 
 

 
 

 
 
(Increase) decrease in real estate, net
 
$
(39,322
)
 
$
90,559

 
$
—

Gain on change in control
 
5,571

 
—

 
—

Decrease in notes receivable
 
32,010

 
—

 
—

Decrease (increase) in investments in
and advances to unconsolidated affiliates
 
4,159

 
(21,421
)
 
—

Decrease in noncontrolling interest
 
—

 
(75,713
)
 
—

Change in other assets and liabilities
 
(2,130
)
 
3,997

 
—

Increase (decrease) in cash upon change of control
 
$
288

 
$
(2,578
)
 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 
62
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 




1. Organization, Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Organization

Acadia Realty Trust and subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) is a fully-integrated equity real estate investment trust (“REIT”) focused on the ownership, acquisition, development, and management of retail properties located primarily in high-barrier-to-entry, supply-constrained, densely-populated metropolitan areas in the United States.

All of the Company’s assets are held by, and all of its operations are conducted through, Acadia Realty Limited Partnership (the “Operating Partnership”) and entities in which the Operating Partnership owns an interest. As of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company controlled approximately 95% of the Operating Partnership as the sole general partner and is entitled to share, in proportion to its percentage interest, in the cash distributions and profits and losses of the Operating Partnership. The limited partners primarily represent entities or individuals that contributed their interests in certain properties or entities to the Operating Partnership in exchange for common or preferred units of limited partnership interest (“Common OP Units” or “Preferred OP Units”) and employees who have been awarded restricted Common OP Units (“LTIP Units”) as long-term incentive compensation (Note 13). Limited partners holding Common OP and LTIP Units are generally entitled to exchange their units on a one-for-one basis for common shares of beneficial interest of the Company (“Common Shares”). This structure is referred to as an umbrella partnership REIT or “UPREIT.”

As of December 31, 2017, the Company has ownership interests in 118 properties within its core portfolio, which consist of those properties either 100% owned, or partially owned through joint venture interests, by the Operating Partnership, or subsidiaries thereof, not including those properties owned through its funds (“Core Portfolio”). The Company also has ownership interests in 58 properties within its opportunity funds, Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund II, LLC (“Fund II”), Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund III LLC (“Fund III”), Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund IV LLC (“Fund IV”), and Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund V LLC (“Fund V”). Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund I, LP (“Fund I,” together with Funds II, III, IV, and V, the “Funds”) was liquidated in 2015. The 176 Core Portfolio and Fund properties primarily consist of street and urban retail, and suburban shopping centers. In addition, the Company, together with the investors in the Funds, invest in operating companies through Acadia Mervyn Investors I, LLC (“Mervyns I”), Acadia Mervyn Investors II, LLC (“Mervyns II”) and Fund II, all on a non-recourse basis. The Company consolidates the Funds as it has (i) the power to direct the activities that most significantly impact the Funds’ economic performance, (ii) is obligated to absorb the Funds’ losses and (iii) has the right to receive benefits from the Funds that could potentially be significant.

The Operating Partnership is the sole general partner or managing member of the Funds and Mervyns I and II and earns fees or priority distributions for asset management, property management, construction, development, leasing, and legal services. Cash flows from the Funds and Mervyns I and II are distributed pro-rata to their respective partners and members (including the Operating Partnership) until each receives a certain cumulative return (“Preferred Return”) and the return of all capital contributions. Thereafter, remaining cash flow is distributed 20% to the Operating Partnership (“Promote”) and 80% to the partners or members (including the Operating Partnership). All transactions between the Funds and the Operating Partnership have been eliminated in consolidation.

The following table summarizes the general terms and Operating Partnership’s equity interests in the Funds and Mervyns II (dollars in millions):
Entity
Formation Date
Operating Partnership Share of Capital
Capital Called as of
December 31, 2017
Unfunded Commitment
Equity Interest Held By Operating Partnership (a)
Preferred Return
Total Distributions as of
December 31, 2017 (b)
Fund II and Mervyns II
6/2004
28.33%
$
347.1

$
—

28.33%
8%
$
131.6

Fund III
5/2007
24.54%
411.5

38.5

24.54%
6%
551.9

Fund IV
5/2012
23.12%
412.7

117.3

23.12%
6%
131.5

Fund V
8/2016
20.10%
45.8

474.2

20.10%
6%
—

__________

(a)
Amount represents the current economic ownership at December 31, 2017, which could differ from the stated legal ownership based upon the cumulative preferred returns of the respective fund.
(b)
Represents the total for the Funds, including the Operating Partnership and noncontrolling interests’ shares.



 
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Basis of Presentation

Segments

At December 31, 2017, the Company had three reportable operating segments: Core Portfolio, Funds and Structured Financing. The Company’s chief operating decision maker may review operational and financial data on a property basis and does not differentiate properties on a geographical basis for purposes of allocating resources or capital. Each property is considered a separate operating segment; however, each property on a stand-alone basis represents less than 10% of revenues, profit or loss, and assets of the combined reported operating segment and meets the majority of the aggregations criteria under the applicable standard.

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the consolidated accounts of the Company and its investments in partnerships and limited liability companies in which the Company has control in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 810 “Consolidation” (“ASC Topic 810”). The ownership interests of other investors in these entities are recorded as noncontrolling interests. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments in entities for which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over, but does not have financial or operating control, are accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Accordingly, the Company’s share of the earnings (or losses) of these entities are included in consolidated net income.

Cost Method Investments

The Company has certain investments to which it applies the cost method of accounting. The Company recognizes as income distributions from net accumulated earnings of the investee since the date of acquisition. The net accumulated earnings of an investee subsequent to the date of investment are recognized by the Company only to the extent distributed by the investee. Distributions received in excess of earnings subsequent to the date of investment are considered a return of investment and are recorded as reductions of cost of the investment. For the periods presented, there have been no events or changes in circumstances that may have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of the Company's cost-method investments.

Out-of-Period Adjustments

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company identified and recorded out-of-period adjustments related to accounting for certain leases whose tenants have early termination and renewal options and for interest expense related to a loan that is in default. The Company's management concluded that these non-cash adjustments are not material to the consolidated financial statements for any of the periods presented. The net impact of the adjustments on the consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2016 is reflected as a decrease to rental income of $2.1 million, an increase to depreciation and amortization expense of $1.7 million, an increase in interest expense of $0.7 million and an increase to equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates of $0.2 million, resulting in a net decrease to net income of $4.2 million, of which $1.6 million was attributable to noncontrolling interests.

During the second quarter of 2016, management determined that certain transactions involving the issuance of Common Shares of the Company and Common OP Units, Preferred OP Units, and LTIP Units of the Operating Partnership, should have resulted in an adjustment to the Operating Partnership’s non-controlling interest (“OPU NCI”) and the Company’s Additional Paid-in-Capital (“APIC”) to reflect the difference between the fair value of the consideration received or paid and the book value of the Common Shares, Common OP Units, Preferred OP Units, and LTIP Units involving these changes in ownership (the “Rebalancing”). During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company increased its APIC with an offsetting reduction to the OPU NCI of approximately $35.7 million, of which approximately $31.8 million of this Rebalancing related to prior years. Management concluded that the Rebalancing adjustments were not meaningful to the Company’s financial position for any of the prior years, and the quarterly periods in 2016, and as such, this cumulative change was recorded in the consolidated balance sheet and statement of shareholder’s equity in the second quarter of 2016 as an out-of-period adjustment. The misclassification had no impact on the previously reported consolidated assets, liabilities or total equity or on the consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, or cash flows.

Use of Estimates

GAAP requires the Company’s management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. The most significant assumptions and estimates relate to the valuation of real estate, depreciable lives, revenue recognition and the collectability of notes receivable and rents receivable. Application of these estimates

 
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and assumptions requires the exercise of judgment as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Real Estate

Land, buildings, and personal property are carried at cost less accumulated depreciation. Improvements and significant renovations that extend the useful life of the properties are capitalized, while replacements, maintenance, and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets are expensed as incurred. Real estate under development includes costs for significant property expansion and development.

Depreciation is computed on the straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:

Buildings and improvements         Useful lives of 40 years for buildings and 15 years for improvements
Furniture and fixtures             Useful lives, ranging from five years to 20 years
Tenant improvements             Shorter of economic life or lease terms

Purchase Accounting – Upon acquisitions of real estate, the Company assesses the fair value of acquired assets and assumed liabilities (including land, buildings and improvements, and identified intangibles such as above- and below-market leases and acquired in-place leases and customer relationships) and acquired liabilities in accordance with ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations” and ASC Topic 350 “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other,” and allocates the acquisition price based on these assessments.

The Company assesses fair value of its tangible assets acquired and assumed liabilities based on estimated cash flow projections that utilize appropriate discount and capitalization rates and available market information at the measurement period. Estimates of future cash flows are based on a number of factors including the historical operating results, known trends, and market/economic conditions that may affect the property.

In determining the value of above- and below-market leases, the Company estimates the present value difference between contractual rent obligations and estimated market rate of leases at the time of the transaction. To the extent there were fixed-rate options at below-market rental rates, the Company included these along with the current term below-market rent in arriving at the fair value of the acquired leases. The discounted difference between contract and market rents is being amortized to rental income over the remaining applicable lease term, inclusive of any option periods.

In determining the value of acquired in-place leases and customer relationships, the Company considers market conditions at the time of the transaction and values the costs to execute similar leases during the expected lease-up period from vacancy to existing occupancy, including carrying costs. The value assigned to in-place leases and tenant relationships is amortized over the estimated remaining term of the leases. If a lease were to be terminated prior to its scheduled expiration, all unamortized costs relating to that lease would be written off.

The Company estimates the value of any assumption of mortgage debt based on market conditions at the time of acquisitions including prevailing interest rates, terms and ability to obtain financing for a similar asset. Mortgage debt discounts or premiums are amortized into interest expense over the remaining term of the related debt instrument.

Real Estate Under Development – The Company capitalizes certain costs related to the development of real estate. Interest and real estate taxes incurred during the period of the construction, expansion or development of real estate are capitalized and depreciated over the estimated useful life of the building. The Company will cease the capitalization of these costs when construction activities are substantially completed and the property is available for occupancy by tenants, but no later than one year from the completion of major construction activity at which time the project is placed in service and depreciation commences. If the Company suspends substantially all activities related to development of a qualifying asset, the Company will cease capitalization of interest and taxes until activities are resumed.

Real Estate Impairment – The Company reviews its real estate and real estate under development for impairment when there is an event or a change in circumstances that indicates that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. In cases where the Company does not expect to recover its carrying costs on properties held for use, the Company reduces its carrying costs to fair value. The determination of anticipated undiscounted cash flows is inherently subjective, requiring significant estimates made by management, and considers the most likely expected course of action at the balance sheet date based on current plans, intended holding periods and available market information. If the Company is evaluating the potential sale of an asset, the undiscounted future cash flows

 
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analysis is probability-weighted based upon management’s best estimate of the likelihood of the alternative courses of action as of the balance sheet date. Such cash flow projections consider factors such as expected future operating income, trends and prospects, as well as the effects of demand, competition and other factors. If an impairment is indicated, an impairment loss is recognized based on the excess of the carrying amount of the asset over its fair value. See Note 8 for information about impairment charges incurred during the periods presented.

Dispositions of Real Estate – The Company recognizes property sales in accordance with ASC Topic 970 “Real Estate.” Sales of real estate include the sale of land, operating properties and investments in real estate joint ventures. Gains from dispositions are recognized using the full accrual or partial sale methods, provided that various criteria relating to the terms of sale and any subsequent involvement by the Company with the asset sold are met. 

Real Estate Held for Sale – The Company generally considers assets to be held for sale when it has entered into a contract to sell the property, all material due diligence requirements have been satisfied, and management believes it is probable that the disposition will occur within one year. Assets that are classified as held for sale are recorded at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value, less cost to sell.

Notes Receivable

Notes receivable include certain loans that are held for investment and are collateralized by real estate-related investments and may be subordinate to other senior loans. Notes receivable are recorded at stated principal amounts or at initial investment less accretive yield for loans purchased at a discount, which is accreted over the life of the note. The Company defers loan origination and commitment fees, net of origination costs, and amortizes them over the term of the related loan. The Company evaluates the collectability of both principal and interest based upon an assessment of the underlying collateral value to determine whether it is impaired. A reserve is recorded when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the existing contractual terms. The amount of the reserve is calculated by comparing the recorded investment to the value of the underlying collateral. As the underlying collateral for a majority of the notes receivable is real estate-related investments, the same valuation techniques are used to value the collateral as those used to determine the fair value of real estate investments for impairment purposes. Given the small number of notes outstanding, the Company does not provide for an additional reserve based on the grouping of loans, as the Company believes the characteristics of its notes are not sufficiently similar to allow an evaluation of these notes as a group for a possible loan loss allowance. As such, all of the Company’s notes are evaluated individually for this purpose. Interest income on performing notes is accrued as earned. A note is placed on non-accrual status when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the existing contractual terms. Recognition of interest income on an accrual basis on non-performing notes is resumed when it is probable that the Company will be able to collect amounts due according to the contractual terms.

Investments in and Advances to Unconsolidated Joint Ventures

Some of the Company’s joint ventures obtain non-recourse third-party financing on their property investments, contractually limiting the Company’s exposure to losses. The Company recognizes income for distributions in excess of its investment where there is no recourse to the Company and no intention or obligation to contribute additional capital. For investments in which there is recourse to the Company or an obligation or intention to contribute additional capital exists, distributions in excess of the investment are recorded as a liability.

When characterizing distributions from equity investees within the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows, all distributions received are first applied as returns on investment to the extent there are cumulative earnings related to the respective investment and are classified as cash inflows from operating activities. If cumulative distributions are in excess of cumulative earnings, distributions are considered return of investment. In such cases, the distribution is classified as cash inflows from investing activities.

To the extent that the Company’s carrying basis in an unconsolidated affiliate is different from the basis reflected at the joint venture level, the basis difference is amortized over the life of the related assets and included in the Company’s share of equity in net income (loss) of investments in unconsolidated affiliates the joint venture.

The Company periodically reviews its investments in unconsolidated joint ventures for other-than-temporary losses in investment value. Any decline that is not expected to be recovered based on the underlying assets of the investment, is considered other than temporary and an impairment charge is recorded as a reduction in the carrying value of the investment. During the periods presented there were no impairment charges related to the Company’s investments in unconsolidated joint ventures.



 
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Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents are maintained at financial institutions and, at times, balances may exceed the limits insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists principally of cash held for real estate taxes, construction costs, property maintenance, insurance, minimum occupancy and property operating income requirements at specific properties as required by certain loan agreements.

Deferred Costs

Fees and costs paid in the successful negotiation of leases are deferred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the terms of the respective leases. Fees and costs incurred in connection with obtaining financing are deferred and amortized as a component of interest expense over the term of the related debt obligation on a straight-line basis, which approximates the effective interest method. The Company capitalizes salaries, commissions and benefits related to time spent by leasing and legal department personnel involved in originating leases.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

The Company measures derivative instruments at fair value and records them as assets or liabilities, depending on its rights or obligations under the applicable derivative contract. Derivatives that are not designated as hedges must be adjusted to fair value through earnings. For a derivative designated and that qualified as a cash flow hedge, the effective portion of the change in fair value of the derivative is recognized in Other comprehensive (loss) income until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of a derivative’s change in fair value is immediately recognized in earnings.

Although the Company's derivative contracts are subject to master netting arrangements, which serve as credit mitigants to both the Company and its counterparties under certain situations, the Company does not net its derivative fair values or any existing rights or obligations to cash collateral on the consolidated balance sheets. The Company does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. For the periods presented, all of the Company's derivatives qualified and were designated as cash flow hedges, and none of its derivatives were deemed ineffective.

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests represent the portion of equity that the Company does not own in those entities it consolidates. The Company identifies its noncontrolling interests separately within the equity section on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The amounts of consolidated net earnings attributable to the Company and to the noncontrolling interests are presented separately on the Company’s consolidated statements of income. Noncontrolling interests also include amounts related to common and preferred OP Units issued to unrelated third parties in connection with certain property acquisitions. In addition, the Company periodically issues common OP Units to certain employees of the Company under its share-based incentive program. Unit holders generally have the right to redeem their units for shares of the Company's common stock subject to blackout and other limitations. Common and restricted OP Units are included in the caption Noncontrolling interest within the equity section on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable

Minimum rents from tenants are recognized using the straight-line method over the non-cancelable lease term of the respective leases. Lease termination fees are recognized upon the effective termination of a tenant’s lease when the Company has no further obligations under the lease. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, unbilled rents receivable relating to the straight-lining of rents of $37.3 million and $34.9 million, respectively, are included in Rents Receivable, net on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. Certain of these leases also provide for percentage rents based upon the level of sales achieved by the tenant. Percentage rent is recognized in the period when the tenants’ sales breakpoint is met. In addition, leases typically provide for the reimbursement to the Company of real estate taxes, insurance and other property operating expenses. These reimbursements are recognized as revenue in the period the related expenses are incurred.

The Company makes estimates of the uncollectability of its accounts receivable related to tenant revenues. An allowance for doubtful accounts has been provided against certain tenant accounts receivable that are estimated to be uncollectible. Once the

 
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amount is ultimately deemed to be uncollectible, it is written off. Rents receivable at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are shown net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $5.9 million and $5.7 million, respectively.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense for all equity-classified stock-based compensation awards is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with current accounting guidance for share-based payments. The Company recognizes these compensation costs for only those shares or units expected to vest on a straight-line or graded-vesting basis, as appropriate, over the requisite service period of the award. The Company includes stock-based compensation within the Additional paid-in capital caption of equity.

Income Taxes

The Company has made an election to be taxed, and believes it qualifies, as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). To maintain REIT status for Federal income tax purposes, the Company is generally required to distribute at least 90% of its REIT taxable income to its shareholders as well as comply with certain other income, asset and organizational requirements as defined in the Code. Accordingly, the Company is generally not subject to Federal corporate income tax to the extent that it distributes 100% of its REIT taxable income each year.

In connection with the REIT Modernization Act, the Company is permitted to participate in certain activities and still maintain its qualification as a REIT, so long as these activities are conducted in entities that elect to be treated as taxable subsidiaries under the Code. As such, the Company is subject to Federal and state income taxes on the income from these activities. The Protecting Americans from Tax Hikes Act (PATH Act) was enacted in December 2015, and included numerous law changes applicable to REITs. The provisions have various effective dates beginning as early as 2016. These changes did not materially impact the Company's operations or consolidated financial statements.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted in December 2017 and is generally effective for tax years beginning in 2018.  This new legislation is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business and contains several potentially favorable provisions.  However, the Company has recorded an reduction of $2.0 million to its deferred tax assets to reflect the lower Federal corporate tax rate and other provisions effective in 2018.

Although it may qualify for REIT status for Federal income tax purposes, the Company is subject to state income or franchise taxes in certain states in which some of its properties are located. In addition, taxable income from non-REIT activities managed through the Company’s taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRS”) is fully subject to Federal, state and local income taxes.

The Company accounts for TRS income taxes under the liability method as required by ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes.” Under the liability method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the temporary differences between the GAAP basis and tax basis of the TRS income, assets and liabilities.

The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent it believes it is more likely than not that these assets will be realized and would record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets when it has determined that an uncertainty exists regarding their realization, which would increase the provision for income taxes. In making such determination, the Company considers all available positive and negative evidence, including forecasts of future taxable income, the reversal of other existing temporary differences, available net operating loss carry-forwards, tax planning strategies and recent results of operations. Several of these considerations require assumptions and significant judgment about the forecasts of future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates that the Company is utilizing to manage its business. To the extent facts and circumstances change in the future, adjustments to the valuation allowances may be required.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. ASU 2014-09 is a comprehensive new revenue recognition model requiring a company to recognize revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount reflecting the consideration it expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. ASU 2014-09 does not apply to the Company’s lease revenues, but will apply to reimbursed tenant costs. Additionally, this guidance modifies disclosures regarding the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 for all entities by one year, until years beginning in 2018, with early adoption permitted but not before 2017. Entities may adopt ASU 2014-09 using either a full retrospective approach reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period with the

 
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option to elect certain practical expedients or a modified retrospective approach with the cumulative effect recognized at the date of adoption. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue is derived from its leases and therefore falls outside of the scope of this guidance. With respect to its fee-derived revenue, the Company does not anticipate any significant changes to the timing of the Company’s revenue recognition; however, the recognition of gains on sales of properties may be impacted prospectively under limited circumstances under which collectability may not be reasonably assured or if the Company has continuing involvement with a sold property. The Company intends to implement the standard using the modified retrospective approach with the cumulative effect recognized in retained earnings at the date of application.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 outlines a new model for accounting by lessees, whereby their rights and obligations under substantially all leases, existing and new, would be capitalized and recorded on the balance sheet. As a lessee, the Company is party to various equipment, ground, and office leases with future payment obligations aggregating $207.2 million at December 31, 2017 (Note 11) for which the Company expects to record right-of-use assets upon adoption of ASU 2016-02. For lessors, however, the accounting remains largely unchanged from the current model, with the distinction between operating and financing leases retained, but updated to align with certain changes to the lessee model and the new revenue recognition standard discussed above. The new guidance also requires that internal leasing costs be expensed as incurred, as opposed to capitalized and deferred. The Company expects that it will no longer capitalize a significant portion of internal leasing costs that were previously capitalized. The Company capitalized $1.0 million, $1.1 million and $1.4 million of internal leasing costs during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. ASU 2016-02 will also require extensive quantitative and qualitative disclosures and is effective beginning after December 15, 2018, but early adoption is permitted.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses. ASU 2016-13 introduces a new model for estimating credit losses for certain types of financial instruments, including loans receivable, held-to-maturity debt securities, and net investments in direct financing leases, amongst other financial instruments. ASU 2016-13 also modifies the impairment model for available-for-sale debt securities and expands the disclosure requirements regarding an entity’s assumptions, models, and methods for estimating the allowance for losses. ASU 2016-13 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with adoption permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. Retrospective adjustments shall be applied through a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings. The adoption of ASU 2016-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows – Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. ASU 2016-15 provides guidance on certain specific cash flow issues, including, but not limited to, debt prepayment or extinguishment costs, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination and distributions received from equity method investees. ASU 2016-15 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted and shall be applied retrospectively where practicable. The Company expects to elect the “cumulative distribution approach” whereby distributions received from equity method investments would be classified as cash flows from operations to the extent of equity earnings and then as cash flows from investing activities thereafter. Upon the adoption of ASU 2016-15, the Company expects to reclassify $6.3 million and $0 of its cash inflows from investing activities to cash flows from operating activities in its historical presentation of cash flows related to its equity method investments for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations – Clarifying the Definition of a Business. ASU 2017-01 clarifies that to be considered a business, the elements must include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create output. The new standard illustrates the circumstances under which real estate with in-place leases would be considered a business and provides guidance for the identification of assets and liabilities in purchase accounting. ASU 2017-01 is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. It is expected that the new standard will reduce the number of future real estate acquisitions that will be accounted for as business combinations and, therefore, reduce the amount of acquisition costs that will be expensed. The Company expensed $2.1 million and $8.2 million of acquisition costs during the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-03 Accounting Changes and Error Corrections (Topic 250) and Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323). ASU 2017-03 amends certain SEC guidance in the FASB Accounting Standards Codification in response to SEC staff announcements made during 2016 Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) meetings which addressed (i) the additional qualitative disclosures that a registrant is expected to provide when it cannot reasonably estimate the impact that ASUs 2014-09, 2016-02 and 2016-13 will have in applying the guidance in Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 11.M and (ii) guidance in ASC 323 related to the amendments made by ASU 2014-01 regarding use of the proportional amortization method in accounting for investments in qualified affordable housing projects (announcement made at the November 17, 2016, EITF meeting). The adoption of ASU 2017-03 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 
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In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-05, Other Income—Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets, which amends the guidance on nonfinancial assets in ASC 610-20. The amendments clarify that (i) a financial asset is within the scope of ASC 610-20 if it meets the definition of an in substance nonfinancial asset and may include nonfinancial assets transferred within a legal entity to a counter-party, (ii) an entity should identify each distinct nonfinancial asset or in substance nonfinancial asset promised to a counter-party and de-recognize each asset when a counter-party obtains control of it, and (iii) an entity should allocate consideration to each distinct asset by applying the guidance in ASC 606 on allocating the transaction price to performance obligations. Further, ASU 2017-05 provides guidance on accounting for partial sales of nonfinancial assets. The amendments are effective at the same time as the amendments in ASU 2014-09. The adoption of ASU 2017-05 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting, which clarifies the scope of modification accounting with respect to changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. Modification accounting would not apply if a change to an award does not affect the total current fair value (or other applicable measurement), vesting conditions, or the classification of the award. For all entities, ASU 2017-09 is effective prospectively for awards modified in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those annual periods and early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements because the Company has not historically had significant modifications of its awards.

In August 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. The purpose of this updated guidance is to better align a company’s financial reporting for hedging activities with the economic objectives of those activities. ASU 2017-12 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption, including adoption in an interim period, permitted. The Company plans to adopt ASU 2017-12 effective January 1, 2018. ASU 2017-12 requires a modified retrospective transition method in which the Company will recognize the cumulative effect of the change on the opening balance of each affected component of equity in the statement of financial position as of the date of adoption. The adoption will not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.



 
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2. Real Estate

The Company’s consolidated real estate is comprised of the following (in thousands):
 
 
December 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
Land
 
$
658,835

 
$
693,252

Buildings and improvements
 
2,406,488

 
1,916,288

Tenant improvements
 
131,850

 
132,220

Construction in progress
 
18,642

 
19,789

Properties under capital lease
 
76,965

 
76,965

Total
 
3,292,780

 
2,838,514

Less: Accumulated depreciation
 
(339,862
)
 
(287,066
)
Operating real estate, net
 
2,952,918

 
2,551,448

Real estate under development, at cost
 
173,702

 
543,486

Net investments in real estate
 
$
3,126,620

 
$
3,094,934



 
71
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Acquisitions and Conversions

During the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company acquired the following consolidated retail properties (dollars in thousands):
Property and Location
Percent Acquired
Date of Acquisition
Purchase Price
 
Debt Assumed
2017 Acquisitions and Conversions
 
 
 
 
 
Core
 
 
 
 
 
Market Square Shopping Center - Wilmington, DE (Conversion) (Note 4)
100%
Nov 16, 2017
$
42,800

 
$
—

Subtotal Core
 
 
42,800

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund IV
 
 
 
 
 
Lincoln Place - Fairview Heights, IL
100%
Mar 13, 2017
35,350

 
—

Shaw's Plaza - Windham, ME (Conversion) (Note 3)
100%
Jun 30, 2017
9,142

 
—

Subtotal Fund IV
 
 
44,492

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund V
 
 
 
 
 
Plaza Santa Fe - Santa Fe, NM
100%
Jun 5, 2017
35,220

 
—

Hickory Ridge - Hickory, NC
100%
Jul 27, 2017
44,020

 
—

New Towne Plaza - Canton, MI
100%
Aug 4, 2017
26,000

 
—

Fairlane Green - Allen Park, MI
100%
Dec 20, 2017
62,000

 
—

Subtotal Fund V
 
 
167,240

 
—

Total 2017 Acquisitions and Conversions
 
 
$
254,532

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
2016 Acquisitions
 
 
 
 
 
Core Portfolio
 
 
 
 
 
991 Madison Avenue - New York, NY (a)
100%
Mar 26, 2016
$
76,628

 
$
—

165 Newbury Street - Boston, MA
100%
May 13, 2016
6,250

 
—

Concord & Milwaukee - Chicago, IL
100%
Jul 28, 2016
6,000

 
2,902

151 North State Street - Chicago, IL
100%
Aug 10, 2016
30,500

 
14,556

State & Washington - Chicago, IL
100%
Aug 22, 2016
70,250

 
25,650

North & Kingsbury - Chicago, IL
100%
Aug 29, 2016
34,000

 
13,409

Sullivan Center - Chicago, IL
100%
Aug 31, 2016
146,939

 
—

California & Armitage - Chicago, IL
100%
Sep 12, 2016
9,250

 
2,692

555 9th Street - San Francisco, CA
100%
Nov 2, 2016
139,775

 
60,000

  Subtotal Core Portfolio
 
 
519,592

 
119,209

 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund IV
 
 
 
 
 
Restaurants at Fort Point - Boston, MA
100%
Jan 14, 2016
11,500

 
—

1964 Union Street - San Francisco, CA (a)
90%
Jan 28, 2016
2,250

 
1,463

Wake Forest Crossing - Wake Forest, NC
100%
Sep 27, 2016
36,600

 
—

Airport Mall - Bangor, ME
100%
Oct 28, 2016
10,250

 
—

Colonie Plaza - Albany, NY
100%
Oct 28, 2016
15,000

 
—

Dauphin Plaza - Harrisburg, PA
100%
Oct 28, 2016
16,000

 
—

JFK Plaza - Waterville, ME
100%
Oct 28, 2016
6,500

 
—

Mayfair Shopping Center - Philadelphia, PA
100%
Oct 28, 2016
16,600

 
—

Shaw's Plaza - Waterville, ME
100%
Oct 28, 2016
13,800

 
—

Wells Plaza - Wells, ME
100%
Oct 28, 2016
5,250

 
—

717 N Michigan - Chicago, IL
100%
Dec 1, 2016
103,500

 
—

Subtotal Fund IV
 
 
237,250

 
1,463

Total 2016 Acquisitions
 
 
$
756,842

 
$
120,672


 
72
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



__________

(a)
These acquisitions were accounted for as asset acquisitions as the underlying properties did not meet the definition of a business.

All of the above acquisitions and conversions were deemed to be business combinations except 991 Madison Avenue and 1964 Union Street. The Company expensed $2.1 million of acquisition costs for the year ended December 31, 2017, of which $1.2 million related to the Core Portfolio and $0.9 million related to the Funds and $8.2 million of acquisition costs for the year ended December 31, 2016, of which $5.5 million related to the Core Portfolio and $2.7 million related to the Funds.

Revenues, net loss and loss per share from the Company’s consolidated 2017 acquisitions and conversions totaled $10.2 million, $3.5 million and $0.04, respectively for the year ended December 31, 2017. Revenues, net loss and loss per share from the Company’s consolidated 2016 acquisitions totaled $15.3 million, $4.7 million and $0.06, respectively for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Purchase Price Allocations

The purchase prices for the business combinations were allocated to the acquired assets and assumed liabilities based on their estimated fair values at the dates of acquisition. The following table summarizes the allocation of the purchase price of properties acquired during the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 (in thousands):
 
Year Ended
December 31, 2017
 
Year Ended December 31, 2016
 
 
Net Assets Acquired
 
 
 
Land
$
48,138

 
$
225,729

Buildings and improvements
173,576

 
458,525

Other assets
84

 
3,481

Acquisition-related intangible assets (in Acquired lease intangibles, net)
44,269

 
63,606

Acquisition-related intangible liabilities (in Acquired lease intangibles, net)
(11,535
)
 
(72,985
)
Above and below market debt assumed (included in Mortgages and other notes payable, net)
—

 
(119,601
)
Net assets acquired
$
254,532

 
$
558,755


Consideration
 
 
 
Cash
$
200,429

 
$
439,546

Conversion of note receivable
41,010

 
—

Debt assumed
—

 
119,209

Liabilities assumed
3,363

 
—

Existing interest in previously unconsolidated investment
4,159

 
—

Change in control of previously unconsolidated investment
5,571

 
—

Total Consideration
$
254,532

 
$
558,755





 
73
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Dispositions

During the years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company disposed of the following consolidated properties (in thousands):
Property and Location
Owner
Date Sold
Sale Price
 
Gain/(Loss) on Sale
2017 Dispositions
 
 
 
 
 
New Hyde Park Shopping Center - New Hyde Park, NY
Fund III
Jul 6, 2017
$
22,075

 
$
6,433

216th Street - New York, NY
Fund II
Sep 11, 2017
30,579

 
6,543

City Point Condominium Tower I - Brooklyn, NY
Fund II
Oct 13, 2017
96,000

 
(810
)
1151 Third Avenue - New York, NY
Fund IV
Nov 16, 2017
27,000

 
5,183

260 E 161st Street - Bronx, NY
Fund II
Dec 13, 2017
105,684

 
31,537

Total 2017 Dispositions
 
 
$
281,338

 
$
48,886

 
 
 
 
 
 
2016 Dispositions
 
 
 
 
 
Cortlandt Town Center (65%) - Mohegan Lake, NY (Note 4)
Fund III
Jan 28, 2016
$
107,250

 
$
65,393

Heritage Shops - Chicago, IL
Fund III
Apr 26, 2016
46,500

 
16,572

Total 2016 Dispositions
 
 
$
153,750

 
$
81,965


The Company has recognized impairment charges during the periods presented related to certain properties classified as held for sale and or sold (Note 8).

The aggregate rental revenue, expenses and pre-tax income reported within continuing operations for the aforementioned consolidated properties that were sold during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 were as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Rental revenues
 
$
13,021

 
$
16,946

 
$
31,935

Expenses
 
(18,964
)
 
(13,653
)
 
(27,265
)
Loss on extinguishment of debt
 
(1,380
)
 
(81
)
 
(111
)
(Loss) income from continuing operations of
disposed properties before gain on disposition of properties
 
(7,323
)
 
3,212

 
4,559

Gain on disposition of properties, net of tax
 
48,886

 
81,965

 
89,063

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(30,072
)
 
(70,850
)
 
(1,732
)
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
11,491

 
$
14,327

 
$
91,890


Properties Held For Sale

At December 31, 2017, the Company had one property in Fund II classified as held-for-sale, Sherman Avenue, with total assets of $25.4 million and recognized an impairment charge of $10.6 million inclusive of an amount attributable to a noncontrolling interest of $7.6 million (Note 8). This property had a net loss of $12.0 million and $0.8 million and $0.0 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively. At December 31, 2015, the property was under development.

At December 31, 2016, the Company had one property in Fund II classified as held-for-sale with total assets of $21.5 million and subject to a mortgage of $25.5 million.


 
74
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Pro Forma Financial Information (Unaudited)

The following unaudited pro forma consolidated operating data is presented for the year ended December 31, 2017, as if the acquisitions of the properties acquired during that period were completed on January 1, 2016 and as if the acquisition of the properties acquired during the year ended December 31, 2016 were completed on January 1, 2015. The related acquisition expenses of $2.1 million and $8.2 million reported during the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively have been reflected as pro forma charges at January 1, 2016 and January 1, 2015, respectively. The unaudited supplemental pro forma operating data is not necessarily indicative of what the actual results of operations of the Company would have been, assuming the transactions had been completed as set forth above, nor do they purport to represent the Company’s results of operations for future periods.
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Pro forma revenues
$
266,485

 
$
247,843

 
$
243,237

Pro forma income from continuing operations
21,878

 
63,681

 
52,442

Pro forma net income attributable to Acadia
64,107

 
82,485

 
58,232

Pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share
0.77

 
1.02

 
0.79


Real Estate Under Development and Construction in Progress

Real estate under development represents the Company’s consolidated properties that have not yet been placed into service while undergoing substantial development or construction.

Depreciation and amortization expense for the year ended December 31, 2017 includes $2.0 million of accelerated depreciation related to a building under development that was demolished.

Development activity for the Company’s consolidated properties comprised the following during the periods presented (dollars in thousands):
 
December 31, 2016
 
Year Ended December 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2017
 
Number of Properties
 
Carrying Value
 
Transfers In
 
Capitalized Costs
 
Transfers Out
 
Number of Properties
 
Carrying Value
Core
1

 
$
3,499

 
$
22,422

 
$
819

 
$
4,843

 
2

 
$
21,897

Fund II
2

 
443,012

 
—

 
6,851

 
444,955

 
—

 
4,908

Fund III
3

 
50,452

 
—

 
22,572

 
9,085

 
2

 
63,939

Fund IV
4

 
46,523

 
80,508

 
2,158

 
46,231

 
1

 
82,958

Total
10

 
$
543,486

 
$
102,930

 
$
32,400

 
$
505,114

 
5

 
$
173,702


During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company placed substantially all of Fund II’s City Point project into service as well as three Fund IV properties, reclassified Fund II’s Sherman Avenue property as held for sale and placed one Core property into development. In addition to the consolidated projects noted above, the Company had one unconsolidated project remaining in development after placing three of its four unconsolidated Fund IV development properties into service during the year ended December 31, 2017.

Construction in progress pertains to construction activity at the Company’s operating properties which are in service and continue to operate during the construction period.


 
75
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



3. Notes Receivable, Net

The Company’s notes receivable, net were collateralized either by the underlying properties or the borrower’s ownership interest in the entities that own the properties, and were as follows (dollars in thousands):

 
 
December 31,
 
December 31,
 
December 31, 2017
Description
 
2017
 
2016
 
Number
 
Maturity Date
 
Interest Rate
Core Portfolio
 
$
101,695

 
$
216,400

 
3
 
June 2018 - April 2019
 
6.0% - 8.1%
Fund II
 
31,778

 
31,007

 
1
 
May 2020
 
2.5%
Fund III
 
5,106

 
4,506

 
1
 
July 2020
 
18.0%
Fund IV
 
15,250

 
24,250

 
1
 
February 2021
 
15.3%
 
 
$
153,829

 
$
276,163

 
6
 
 
 
 

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company:

•
recovered the full value of a $12.0 million Core note receivable, which was previously in default, plus accrued interest and fees aggregating $16.8 million as further described below;
•
exchanged $92.7 million of Core notes receivable plus accrued interest thereon of $1.8 million for additional undivided interests in the Market Square and Town Center properties (Note 4);
•
funded an additional $10.0 million on an existing Core note receivable, which had a total commitment of $20.0 million, and was subsequently repaid in full during the fourth quarter;
•
entered into an agreement to extend the maturity of a $15.0 million Core note receivable to June 1, 2018;
•
increased the balance of a Fund II note receivable by the interest accrued of $0.8 million;
•
advanced an additional $0.6 million on a Fund III note receivable; and
•
exchanged a $9.0 million Fund IV note receivable plus accrued interest of $0.1 million thereon for an investment in a shopping center in Windham, Maine (Note 2).

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company:

•
issued one Core note receivable and three Fund IV notes receivable aggregating $47.5 million with a weighted-average effective interest rate of 9.8%, which were collateralized by four mixed-use real estate properties;
•
received total collections of $42.8 million, including full repayment of five notes issued in prior periods aggregating $29.6 million; and
•
restructured a $30.9 million Core mezzanine loan, which bore interest at 15.0%, and replaced it with a new $153.4 million loan collateralized by a first mortgage in the borrower’s tenancy-in-common interest. The loan bears interest at 8.1% (Note 4).

At December 31, 2016, one of the Core notes receivable in the amount of $12.0 million was in default. As discussed above, the Company recovered its full carrying value of principal and interest and recognized additional interest income and expense reimbursements of $2.2 million in the first quarter of 2017 and $1.4 million in the second quarter of 2017 upon settlement of this transaction.

The Company monitors the credit quality of its notes receivable on an ongoing basis and considers indicators of credit quality such as loan payment activity, the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, the seniority of the Company’s loan in relation to other debt secured by the collateral and the prospects of the borrower.

Earnings from these notes and mortgages receivable are reported within the Company’s Structured Financing segment (Note 12).


 
76
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



4. Investments In and Advances to Unconsolidated Affiliates

The Company accounts for its investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates primarily under the equity method of accounting as it has the ability to exercise significant influence, but does not have financial or operating control over the investment, which is maintained by each of the unaffiliated partners who co-invest with the Company. The Company’s investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates consist of the following (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Nominal Ownership Interest
 
December 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Fund
Property
December 31, 2017
 
 
Core:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
840 N. Michigan (a)
88.43%
 
$
69,846

 
$
74,131

 
Renaissance Portfolio
20%
 
35,041

 
36,437

 
Gotham Plaza
49%
 
29,416

 
29,421

 
Market Square (a, b)
100%
 
—

 
5,469

 
Town Center (a, b)
61.11%
 
78,801

 
15,286

 
Georgetown Portfolio
50%
 
3,479

 
4,287

 
 
 
 
216,583

 
165,031

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mervyns I & II:
KLA/Mervyn's, LLC (c)
10.5%
 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund III:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund III Other Portfolio
90%
 
167

 
8,108

 
Self Storage Management (d)
95%
 
206

 
241

 
 
 
 
373

 
8,349

Fund IV:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Broughton Street Portfolio (e)
50%
 
48,335

 
54,839

 
Fund IV Other Portfolio
90%
 
20,199

 
21,817

 
650 Bald Hill Road
90%
 
13,609

 
18,842

 
 
 
 
82,143

 
95,498

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Various Funds:
Due from Related Parties (f)
 
 
2,415

 
2,193

 
Other (g)
 
 
556

 
957

 
Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates
 
$
302,070

 
$
272,028

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Core:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Crossroads (h)
49%
 
$
15,292

 
$
13,691

 
Distributions in excess of income from,
and investments in, unconsolidated affiliates
 
$
15,292

 
$
13,691

__________

(a)
Represents a tenancy-in-common interest.
(b)
During May and November 2017, as discussed below, the Company increased its ownership in Market Square and Town Center, which was formerly included under the caption “Brandywine Portfolio.”
(c)
Distributions have exceeded the Company’s non-recourse investment, therefore the carrying value is zero.
(d)
Represents a variable interest entity.
(e)
The Company is entitled to a 15% return on its cumulative capital contribution which was $15.4 million and $14.5 million at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. In addition, the Company is entitled to a 9% preferred return on a portion of its equity, which was $36.8 million and $45.4 million at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
(f)
Represents deferred fees.
(g)
Includes a cost-method investment in Albertson’s (Note 8) and other investments.

 
77
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



(h)
Distributions have exceeded the Company’s investment; however, the Company recognizes a liability balance as it may be required to fund future obligations of the entity.

Core Portfolio

The Company owns a 49% interest in a 311,000 square foot shopping center located in White Plains, New York (“Crossroads”), a 50% interest in a 28,000 square foot retail portfolio located in Georgetown, Washington D.C. (the “Georgetown Portfolio”), an 88.43% tenancy-in-common interest in an 87,000 square foot retail property located in Chicago, Illinois (“840 N. Michigan”), and a 49% interest in an approximately 123,000 square foot retail property located in Manhattan, New York (“Gotham Plaza”).

Acquisition of Unconsolidated Investment

On January 4, 2017, an entity in which the Company owns a 20% noncontrolling interest (the “Renaissance Portfolio”), acquired a 6,200 square foot property in Alexandria, Virginia referred to as (“907 King Street”) for $3.0 million. The Renaissance Portfolio is now a 213,000 square-foot portfolio of 18 mixed-use properties, 16 of which are located in Georgetown, Washington D.C. and two of which are located in Alexandria, Virginia.

Brandywine Portfolio, Market Square and Town Center

The Company owns an interest in an approximately one million square foot retail portfolio (the “Brandywine Portfolio” joint venture) located in Wilmington, Delaware, which includes two properties referred to as “Market Square” and “Town Center.” Prior to the second quarter of 2016, the Company had a controlling interest in the Brandywine Portfolio, and it was therefore consolidated within the Company’s financial statements. During April 2016, the arrangement with the partners of the Brandywine Portfolio was modified to change the legal ownership from a partnership to a tenancy-in-common interest, as well as to provide certain participating rights to the outside partners. As a result of these modifications, the Company de-consolidated the Brandywine Portfolio and accounted for its interest under the equity method of accounting effective May 1, 2016. Furthermore, as the owners of the Brandywine Portfolio had consistent ownership interests before and after the modification and the underlying net assets were unchanged, the Company reflected the change from consolidation to equity method based upon its historical cost. The Brandywine Portfolio and Market Square ventures do not include the property held by Brandywine Holdings, an entity consolidated by the Company.

Additionally, in April 2016, the Company repaid the outstanding balance of $140.0 million of non-recourse debt collateralized by the Brandywine Portfolio and provided a note receivable collateralized by the partners’ tenancy-in-common interest in the Brandywine Portfolio for their proportionate share of the repayment. On May 1, 2017, the Company exchanged $16.0 million of the $153.4 million notes receivable (the “Brandywine Notes Receivable”) (Note 3) plus accrued interest of $0.3 million for one of the partner’s 38.89% tenancy-in-common interests in Market Square. The Company already had a 22.22% interest in Market Square and continued to apply the equity method of accounting for its aggregate 61.11% noncontrolling interest in Market Square and its 22.22% interest in Town Center through November 16, 2017. The incremental investment in Market Square was recorded at $16.3 million and the excess of this amount over the venture’s book value associated with this interest, or $9.8 million, was being amortized over the remaining depreciable lives of the venture’s assets through November 16, 2017. On November 16, 2017, the Company exchanged an additional $16.0 million of Brandywine Notes Receivable plus accrued interest of $0.6 million for the remaining 38.89% interest in Market Square, thereby obtaining a 100% controlling interest in the property. The exchange was deemed to be a business combination and as a result, the property was consolidated and a gain on change of control of $5.6 million was recorded (Note 2).

On November 16, 2017, the Company exchanged $60.7 million of the Brandywine Notes Receivable plus accrued interest of $0.9 million for one of the partner’s 38.89% tenancy-in-common interests in Town Center. The incremental investment in Town Center was recorded at $61.6 million and the excess of this amount over the venture’s book value associated with this interest, or $34.5 million, will be amortized over the remaining depreciable lives of the venture’s assets. The Company already had a 22.22% interest in Town Center and continues to apply the equity method of accounting for its aggregate 61.11% noncontrolling interest in Town Center.

At December 31, 2017, a $60.7 million of Brandywine Note Receivable remains (Note 3), which is collateralized by the remaining 38.89% undivided interest in Town Center.






 
78
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Fund Investments

Fund III Other Portfolio includes the Company’s investment in Arundel Plaza (through its date of sale). Fund IV Other Portfolio includes the Company’s investment in Promenade at Manassas, Eden Square, 2819 Kennedy Boulevard (through its date of sale) and 1701 Belmont Avenue (through its date of sale). Self-Storage Management, a Fund III investment, was determined to be a variable interest entity. Management has evaluated the applicability of ASC Topic 810 to this joint venture and determined that the Company is not the primary beneficiary and, therefore, consolidation of this venture is not required.

Mervyn’s I & II

In 2017, Mervyn’s I and Mervyn’s II received a total of $1.1 million in distributions from certain investments. The Company had already reduced the carrying amount of its investments in Mervyn’s I and Mervyn’s II to zero, and consequently the entire amount received has been reflected as equity in earnings and gains of unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated statements of income.

Albertson’s

“Other” includes Fund II’s cost method investment in Albertson’s supermarkets among other investments. In 2017, the Company received $2.4 million in distributions from Albertson’s. The Company reduced the carrying amount of the investment to zero and reflected the remaining $2.0 million as equity in earnings and gains of unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated statements of income.

Dispositions of Unconsolidated Investments

On January 31, 2017, Fund IV completed the disposition of 2819 Kennedy Boulevard, for $19.0 million less $8.4 million debt repayment for net proceeds of $10.6 million, resulting in a gain on disposition of $6.3 million at the property level, of which the Fund’s share was $6.2 million, which is included in equity in earnings and gains from unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated statements of income. The Operating Partnership’s proportionate share of the gain was $1.4 million, net of noncontrolling interests.

On February 15, 2017, Fund III completed the disposition of Arundel Plaza, for $28.8 million less $10.0 million debt repayments for net proceeds of $18.8 million, resulting in a gain on disposition of $8.2 million at the property level, of which the Fund’s share was $5.3 million, which is included in equity in earnings and gains from unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated statements of income. The Operating Partnership’s proportionate share of the gain was $1.3 million, net of noncontrolling interests.

On June 30, 2017, Fund IV completed the disposition of 1701 Belmont Avenue, for $5.6 million less $2.9 million debt repayments for net proceeds of $2.7 million, resulting in a gain on disposition of $3.3 million at the property level, of which the Fund’s share was $3.3 million, which is included in equity in earnings and gains from unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated statements of income. The Operating Partnership’s proportionate share of the gain was $0.8 million, net of noncontrolling interests.

On October 3 and December 21, 2017, Fund IV’s Broughton Street Portfolio venture sold a total of five properties for aggregate proceeds of $11.0 million resulting in a net gain of $1.2 million at the property level, of which the Fund’s share was $0.6 million, which is included in equity in earnings and gains from unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated financial statements. The Operating Partnership’s proportionate share of the gain was $0.1 million, net of noncontrolling interests. At December 31, 2017, the Broughton Street portfolio had 18 remaining properties; however, during January 2018, two additional Broughton Street Portfolio properties were sold (Note 17).

On January 28, 2016, Fund III completed the disposition of a 65% interest in Cortlandt Town Center for $107.3 million resulting in a gain of $65.4 million and the deconsolidation of its remaining interest (Note 2). On December 21, 2016, Fund III completed the disposition of its remaining 35% interest in Cortlandt Town Center for $57.8 million less $32.6 million debt repayment for a net sales price of $25.2 million resulting in a gain on sale of $36.0 million, of which the Operating Partnership’s share was $8.8 million, which is included in equity in earnings and gains from unconsolidated affiliates in the consolidated financial statements.

Fees from Unconsolidated Affiliates

The Company earned property management, construction, development, legal and leasing fees from its investments in unconsolidated partnerships totaling $1.3 million, $1.2 million, and $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 respectively, which is included in other revenues in the consolidated financial statements.


 
79
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



In addition, the Company paid to certain unaffiliated partners of its joint ventures, $2.0 million, $2.4 million and $2.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015 respectively, for leasing commissions, development, management, construction and overhead fees.

Summarized Financial Information of Unconsolidated Affiliates

The following combined and condensed Balance Sheets and Statements of Income, in each period, summarize the financial information of the Company’s investments in unconsolidated affiliates (in thousands):
 
 
December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
Combined and Condensed Balance Sheets
 
 

 
 

Assets:
 
 

 
 

Rental property, net
 
$
518,900

 
$
576,505

Real estate under development
 
26,681

 
18,884

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates
 
6,853

 
6,853

Other assets
 
100,901

 
75,254

Total assets
 
$
653,335

 
$
677,496

Liabilities and partners’ equity:
 
 

 
 

Mortgage notes payable
 
$
405,652

 
$
407,344

Other liabilities
 
61,932

 
30,117

Partners’ equity
 
185,751

 
240,035

Total liabilities and partners’ equity
 
$
653,335

 
$
677,496

 
 
 
 
 
Company's share of accumulated equity
 
$
185,533

 
$
191,049

Basis differential
 
95,358

 
61,827

Deferred fees, net of portion related to the Company's interest
 
3,472

 
3,268

Amounts receivable by the Company
 
2,415

 
2,193

Investments in and advances to unconsolidated affiliates, net of Company's share of distributions in excess of income from and investments in unconsolidated affiliates
 
$
286,778

 
$
258,337


 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Combined and Condensed Statements of Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total revenues
 
$
83,222

 
$
84,218

 
$
43,990

Operating and other expenses
 
(24,711
)
 
(25,724
)
 
(13,721
)
Interest expense
 
(18,733
)
 
(16,300
)
 
(9,178
)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates
 
—

 
—

 
66,655

Depreciation and amortization
 
(24,192
)
 
(35,432
)
 
(12,154
)
Loss on debt extinguishment
 
(154
)
 
—

 
—

Gain (loss) on disposition of properties
 
18,957

 
(1,340
)
 
32,623

Net income attributable to unconsolidated affiliates
 
$
34,389

 
$
5,422

 
$
108,215

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company’s share of equity in
net income of unconsolidated affiliates
 
$
26,039

 
$
40,538

 
$
37,722

Basis differential amortization
 
(2,668
)
 
(1,089
)
 
(392
)
Company’s equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates
 
$
23,371

 
$
39,449

 
$
37,330



 
80
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



5. Other Assets, Net and Accounts Payable and Other Liabilities

Other assets, net and accounts payable and other liabilities are comprised of the following for the periods presented:
 
 
December 31,
(in thousands)
 
2017
 
2016
Other assets, net:
 
 
 
 
Lease intangibles, net (Note 6)
 
$
127,571

 
$
114,584

Deferred charges, net (a)
 
24,589

 
25,221

Prepaid expenses
 
16,838

 
14,351

Other receivables
 
11,356

 
9,514

Accrued interest receivable
 
11,668

 
9,354

Deposits
 
6,296

 
4,412

Due from seller
 
4,300

 
4,300

Deferred tax assets
 
2,096

 
3,733

Derivative financial instruments (Note 8)
 
4,402

 
2,921

Due from related parties
 
1,479

 
1,655

Corporate assets
 
2,369

 
1,241

Income taxes receivable
 
1,995

 
1,500

 
 
$
214,959

 
$
192,786

 
 
 
 
 
(a) Deferred charges, net:
 
 
 
 
      Deferred leasing and other costs
 
$
41,020

 
$
40,728

      Deferred financing costs
 
7,786

 
5,915

 
 
48,806

 
46,643

      Accumulated amortization
 
(24,217
)
 
(21,422
)
      Deferred charges, net
 
$
24,589

 
$
25,221

 
 
 
 
 
Accounts payable and other liabilities:
 
 
 
 
Lease intangibles, net (Note 6)
 
$
104,478

 
$
105,028

Accounts payable and accrued expenses
 
61,420

 
48,290

Deferred income
 
31,306

 
35,267

Tenant security deposits, escrow and other
 
10,029

 
14,975

Derivative financial instruments (Note 8)
 
1,467

 
3,590

Income taxes payable
 
176

 
1,287

Other
 
1,176

 
235

 
 
$
210,052

 
$
208,672




 
81
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



6. Lease Intangibles

Upon acquisitions of real estate, the Company assesses the fair value of acquired assets (including land, buildings and improvements, and identified intangibles such as above- and below-market leases, including below- market options and acquired in-place leases) and assumed liabilities. The lease intangibles are amortized over the remaining terms of the respective leases, including option periods where applicable.

Intangible assets and liabilities are summarized as follows (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Gross Carrying Amount
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying Amount
 
Gross Carrying Amount
 
Accumulated Amortization
 
Net Carrying Amount
Amortizable Intangible Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In-place lease intangible assets
$
193,821

 
$
(72,749
)
 
$
121,072

 
$
156,420

 
$
(47,827
)
 
$
108,593

Above-market rent
16,786

 
(10,287
)
 
6,499

 
16,649

 
(10,658
)
 
5,991

 
$
210,607

 
$
(83,036
)
 
$
127,571

 
$
173,069

 
$
(58,485
)
 
$
114,584

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amortizable Intangible Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Below-market rent
$
(147,232
)
 
$
43,391

 
$
(103,841
)
 
$
(137,032
)
 
$
32,004

 
$
(105,028
)
Above-market ground lease
(671
)
 
34

 
(637
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
$
(147,903
)
 
$
43,425

 
$
(104,478
)
 
$
(137,032
)
 
$
32,004

 
$
(105,028
)

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company acquired in-place lease intangible assets of $41.6 million, above-market rents of $2.7 million, below-market rents of $10.9 million, and an above-market ground lease of $0.7 million with weighted-average useful lives of 4.1, 4.8, 12.1, and 11.5 years, respectively. Amortization of in-place lease intangible assets is recorded in depreciation and amortization expense and amortization of above-market rent and below-market rent is recorded as a reduction to and increase to rental income, respectively, in the consolidated statements of income. Amortization of above-market ground leases are recorded as a reduction to rent expense in the consolidated statements of income.

The scheduled amortization of acquired lease intangible assets and assumed liabilities as of December 31, 2017 is as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending December 31,
 
Net Increase in Lease Revenues
 
Increase to Amortization
 
Reduction of Rent Expense
 
Net Income (Expense)
2018
 
$
10,005

 
$
(29,005
)
 
$
58

 
$
(18,942
)
2019
 
9,642

 
(21,678
)
 
58

 
(11,978
)
2020
 
8,655

 
(16,797
)
 
58

 
(8,084
)
2021
 
7,503

 
(12,524
)
 
58

 
(4,963
)
2022
 
7,185

 
(8,778
)
 
58

 
(1,535
)
Thereafter
 
54,352

 
(32,290
)
 
347

 
22,409

Total
 
$
97,342

 
$
(121,072
)
 
$
637

 
$
(23,093
)


 
82
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



7. Debt

A summary of the Company’s consolidated indebtedness is as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
Interest Rate at December 31,
 
Maturity Date at
 
Carrying Value at December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
December 31, 2017
 
2017
 
2016
Mortgages Payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Core Fixed Rate
3.88%-5.89%
 
3.88%-6.65%
 
February 2024 - April 2035
 
$
179,870

 
$
234,875

Core Variable Rate - Swapped (a)
1.71%-3.77%
 
1.71%-3.77%
 
July 2018 - July 2027
 
74,152

 
82,250

   Total Core Mortgages Payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
254,022

 
317,125

Fund II Fixed Rate
1.00%-4.75%
 
1.00%-5.80%
 
August 2019 - May 2020
 
205,262

 
249,762

Fund II Variable Rate
LIBOR+1.39%
 
LIBOR+0.62%-LIBOR+2.50%
 
November 2021
 
—

 
142,750

Fund II Variable Rate - Swapped (a)
2.88%
 
2.88%
 
November 2021
 
19,560

 
19,779

   Total Fund II Mortgages Payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
224,822

 
412,291

Fund III Variable Rate
Prime+0.50% -LIBOR+4.65%
 
Prime+0.50%-LIBOR+4.65%
 
May 2018 - December 2021
 
65,866

 
83,467

Fund IV Fixed Rate
3.4%-4.50%
 
3.4%-4.50%
 
October 2025-June 2026
 
10,503

 
10,503

Fund IV Variable Rate
LIBOR+1.70%-LIBOR+3.95%
 
LIBOR+1.70%-LIBOR+3.95%
 
January 2018 - April 2022
 
250,584

 
233,139

Fund IV Variable Rate - Swapped (a)
1.78%
 
1.78%
 
May 2019 - April 2022
 
86,851

 
14,509

   Total Fund IV Mortgages Payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
347,938

 
258,151

Fund V Variable Rate
LIBOR+2.25%
 
—
 
October 2020
 
28,613

 
—

Net unamortized debt issuance costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
(12,943
)
 
(16,642
)
Unamortized premium
 
 
 
 
 
 
856

 
1,336

   Total Mortgages Payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
909,174

 
$
1,055,728

Unsecured Notes Payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Core Unsecured Term Loans
LIBOR+1.30%-LIBOR+1.60%
 
LIBOR+1.30%-LIBOR+1.60%
 
July 2020 - December 2022
 
$
—

 
$
51,194

Core Variable Rate Unsecured
Term Loans - Swapped (a)
1.24%-3.77%
 
1.24%-3.77%
 
July 2018 - March 2025
 
300,000

 
248,806

  Total Core Unsecured Notes Payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
300,000

 
300,000

Fund II Unsecured Notes Payable
 LIBOR+1.40%
 
—
 
September 2020
 
31,500

 
—

Fund IV Term Loan/Subscription Facility
 LIBOR+1.65%-LIBOR+2.75%
 
 LIBOR+1.65%-LIBOR+2.75%
 
December 2018 - October 2019
 
40,825

 
134,636

Fund V Subscription Facility
 LIBOR+1.60%
 
—
 
May 2020
 
103,300

 
—

Net unamortized debt issuance costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
(1,890
)
 
(1,646
)
  Total Unsecured Notes Payable
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
473,735

 
$
432,990

Unsecured Line of Credit
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Core Unsecured Line of Credit
 LIBOR+1.40%
 
 LIBOR+1.40%
 
June 2020
 
$
18,048

 
$
—

Core Unsecured Line of Credit - Swapped (a)
1.24%-3.77%
 
—
 
July 2018 - March 2025
 
23,452

 
—

  Total Unsecured Line of Credit
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
41,500

 
$
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Debt - Fixed Rate (b)
 
 
 
 
 
$
899,650

 
$
860,486

Total Debt - Variable Rate (c)
 
 
 
 
 
 
538,736

 
645,185

Total Debt
 
 
 
 
 
1,438,386

 
1,505,671

Net unamortized debt issuance costs
 
 
 
 
 
 
(14,833
)
 
(18,289
)
Unamortized premium
 
 
 
 
 
 
856

 
1,336

Total Indebtedness
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
1,424,409

 
$
1,488,718

__________


 
83
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



(a)
At December 31, 2017, the stated rates ranged from LIBOR + 1.65% to LIBOR +1.90% for Core variable-rate debt; LIBOR + 1.39% for Fund II variable-rate debt; PRIME + 0.50% to LIBOR +4.65% for Fund III variable-rate debt; LIBOR + 1.70% to LIBOR +3.95% for Fund IV variable-rate debt, LIBOR + 2.25% for Fund V and LIBOR + 1.30% to LIBOR +1.60% for Core variable-rate unsecured notes.
(b)
Includes $504,018 and $365,343, respectively, of variable-rate debt that has been fixed with interest rate swap agreements as of the periods presented.
(c)
Includes $141.1 million and $186.6 million, respectively, of variable-rate debt that is subject to interest cap agreements.


Mortgages Payable

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company obtained eleven new non-recourse mortgages totaling $162.9 million with a weighted-average interest rate of LIBOR + 3.47% collateralized by eleven properties, which mature between February 14, 2020 and December 1, 2022. The Company entered into interest rate swap contracts to effectively fix the variable portion of the interest rates of eight of these obligations with a notional value of $73.3 million at a weighted-average rate of 2.11%. During 2017, the Company repaid thirteen mortgages in full, which had a total balance of $280.8 million and a weighted-average interest rate of 3.90%, and made scheduled principal payments of $1.0 million. At December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company’s mortgages were collateralized by 42 and 39 properties, respectively, and the related tenant leases. Certain loans are cross-collateralized and contain cross-default provisions. The loan agreements contain customary representations, covenants and events of default. Certain loan agreements require the Company to comply with affirmative and negative covenants, including the maintenance of debt service coverage and leverage ratios. A portion of the Company’s variable-rate mortgage debt has been effectively fixed through certain cash flow hedge transactions (Note 8).

The mortgage loan related to Brandywine Holdings in the Company’s Core Portfolio amounted to $26.3 million and was in default at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. This loan bears interest at 5.99%, excluding default interest of 5%, and is collateralized by a property, in which the Company holds a 22% controlling interest. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company recognized an impairment charge on this property (Note 8). In April 2017, the lender on this mortgage initiated a lawsuit against the Company for the full balance of the principal, accrued interest as well as penalties and fees aggregating approximately $32.1 million. The Company’s management believes that the mortgage is not recourse to the Company and that the suit is without merit.

See Note 17 for information about additional financing obtained after December 31, 2017.

Unsecured Notes Payable

Unsecured notes payable for which total availability was $70.3 million and $9.9 million at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, are comprised of the following:

•
In the Core portfolio there are outstanding at both December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 $300.0 million of unsecured term loans including a $150.0 million term loan and three $50.0 million term loans. All of the Core term loans are swapped to fixed rates. The Core unsecured term loans were refinanced in February 2018 (Note 17).
•
During 2017, Fund II obtained a $40.0 million term loan secured by the real estate assets of City Point Phase II with an interest rate of LIBOR plus 140 basis points and maturing in September 2020. The Fund II loan is also guaranteed by the Company and the Operating Partnership. The outstanding balance and total available credit of the Fund II term loan was $31.5 million and $8.5 million, respectively, at December 31, 2017.
•
At Fund IV there are a $41.8 million bridge facility and a $21.5 million subscription line. The outstanding balance of the Fund IV bridge facility was $40.8 million and $40.1 million at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. Total availability was $1.0 million and $0 at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The outstanding balance of the Fund IV subscription line was $0.0 million and $94.5 million and total available credit was $14.1 million and $5.5 million at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, reflecting letters of credit of $7.4 million and $0, respectively.
•
During 2017, Fund V obtained a $150.0 million subscription line collateralized by Fund V’s unfunded capital commitments with an interest rate of LIBOR plus 160 basis points and maturing in May 2020. The Fund V subscription line is also guaranteed by the Operating Partnership. The outstanding balance and total available credit of the Fund V subscription line was $103.3 million and $46.7 million, respectively, at December 31, 2017.

Unsecured Line of Credit

The Company had a total of $96.2 million and $138.7 million available under its $150.0 million Core unsecured revolving line of credit reflecting borrowings of $41.5 million and $0 and letters of credit of $12.3 million and $11.3 million at December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. At December 31, 2017 a portion of the Core unsecured revolving line of credit was swapped to a fixed rate. The Core unsecured revolving line of credit was refinanced in February 2018 (Note 17).


 
84
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 




Scheduled Debt Principal Payments

The scheduled principal repayments of the Company’s consolidated indebtedness, as of December 31, 2017 are as follows (in thousands):
Year Ending December 31,
 
2018
$
94,400

2019
213,573

2020
576,379

2021
255,027

2022
98,840

Thereafter
200,167

 
1,438,386

Unamortized fair market value of assumed debt
856

Net unamortized debt issuance costs
(14,833
)
Total indebtedness
$
1,424,409


See Note 4 for information about liabilities of the Company’s unconsolidated affiliates.

8. Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of an asset is defined as the exit price, which is the amount that would either be received when an asset is sold or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The guidance establishes a three-tier fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers are: Level 1, for which quoted market prices for identical instruments are available in active markets, such as money market funds, equity securities, and U.S. Treasury securities; Level 2, for which there are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the instrument, such as certain derivative instruments including interest rate caps and interest rate swaps; and Level 3, for financial instruments or other assets/liabilities that do not fall into Level 1 or Level 2 and for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring the Company to develop its own assumptions.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The methods and assumptions described below were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument. For significant Level 3 items, the Company has also provided the unobservable inputs along with their weighted-average ranges.

Money Market Funds — The Company has money market funds, which are included in Cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated financial statements, are comprised of government securities and/or U.S. Treasury bills. These funds were classified as Level 1 as we used quoted prices from active markets to determine their fair values.

Derivative Assets — The Company has derivative assets, which are included in Other assets, net in the consolidated financial statements, are comprised of interest rate swaps and caps. The derivative instruments were measured at fair value using readily observable market inputs, such as quotations on interest rates, and were classified as Level 2 as these instruments are custom, over-the-counter contracts with various bank counterparties that are not traded in an active market. See “Derivative Financial Instruments,” below.


Derivative Liabilities — The Company has derivative liabilities, which are included in Accounts payable and other liabilities in the consolidated financial statements, are comprised of interest rate swaps and caps. These derivative instruments were measured at fair value using readily observable market inputs, such as quotations on interest rates, and were classified as Level 2 because they are custom, over-the-counter contracts with various bank counterparties that are not traded in an active market. See “Derivative Financial Instruments,” below.

The Company did not have any transfers into or out of Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 measurements during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 or 2015.


 
85
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



The following table presents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for those assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
 
 
December 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
 
Level 1
 
Level 2
 
Level 3
Assets
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Money Market Funds
 
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
20,001

 
$
—

 
$
—

Derivative financial instruments
 
—

 
4,402

 
—

 
—

 
2,921

 
—

Liabilities
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derivative financial instruments
 
—

 
1,467

 
—

 
—

 
3,590

 
—


In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis (Including Impairment Charges)

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $3.8 million, inclusive of an amount attributable to a noncontrolling interest of $2.7 million, on Fund II’s City Point Condominium Tower I property, which was classified as held for sale at September 30, 2017, in order to reduce the carrying value of the property to its estimated fair value. In addition, the Company recognized an impairment charge of $10.6 million, inclusive of an amount attributable to a noncontrolling interest of $7.6 million, on a property classified as held for sale at December 31, 2017 (Note 2), in order to reduce the carrying value of the property to its estimated fair value. These fair value measurements approximated the estimated selling prices less estimated costs to sell. 

The Company did not record any impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2016. During the year ended December 31, 2015, as a result of the loss of a key anchor tenant at a property located in Wilmington, Delaware, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $5.0 million on its Brandywine Holdings property, which is included in the consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2015. The Operating Partnership's share of this charge, net of the noncontrolling interest, was $1.1 million. The property is collateral for $26.3 million of non-recourse mortgage debt which matured July 1, 2016 and is currently in default (Note 7).


 
86
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company had the following interest rate swaps for the periods presented (dollars in thousands):
 
Aggregate
Notional
Amount
 
 
Strike Rate
Balance Sheet Location
Fair Value
Derivative Instrument
Effective Date
Maturity Date
Low
 
High
December 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Core
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Swaps
$
149,036

Oct 2011 - March 2015
July 2018 - Mar 2025
1.38%
—
3.77%
Other Liabilities
$
(1,438
)
 
$
(3,218
)
Interest Rate Swaps
248,571

Sep 2012 - July 2017
July 2020 - July 2027
1.24%
—
3.77%
Other Assets
4,076

 
2,609

 
$
397,607

 
 
 
 
 
 
$
2,638

 
$
(609
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund II
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Swap
$
19,560

October 2014
November 2021
2.88%
—
2.88%
Other Liabilities
$
(29
)
 
$
(228
)
Interest Rate Cap
29,500

April 2013
April 2018
4.00%
—
4.00%
Other Assets
—

 
—

 
$
49,060

 
 
 
 
 
 
$
(29
)
 
$
(228
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund III
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Cap
$
58,000

Dec 2016
Jan 2020
3.00%
—
3.00%
Other Assets
$
14

 
$
127

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund IV
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Interest Rate Swaps
$
86,851

May 2014 - March 2017
May 2019 - April 2022
1.78%
—
2.11%
Other Assets
$
295

 
$
—

Interest Rate Swaps
—

May 2014 - March 2017
May 2019 - April 2022
1.78%
—
2.11%
Other Liabilities
—

 
$
(144
)
Interest Rate Caps
108,900

July 2016 - November 2016
August 2019 - December 2019
3.00%
—
3.00%
Other Assets
17

 
185

 
$
195,751

 
 
 
 
 
 
$
312

 
$
41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total asset derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
4,402

 
$
2,921

Total liability derivatives
 
 
 
 
 
 
$
(1,467
)
 
$
(3,590
)

All of the Company’s derivative instruments have been designated as cash flow hedges and hedge the future cash outflows on variable-rate debt (Note 7). It is estimated that approximately $0.6 million included in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income related to derivatives will be reclassified to interest expense in the 2018 results of operation. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, no derivatives were designated as fair value hedges or hedges of net investments in foreign operations. Additionally, the Company does not use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes and currently does not have any derivatives that are not designated hedges.

Risk Management Objective of Using Derivatives

The Company is exposed to certain risks arising from both its business operations and economic conditions. The Company manages economic risks, including interest rate, liquidity and credit risk, primarily by managing the amount, sources and duration of its debt funding and, from time to time, through the use of derivative financial instruments. The Company enters into derivative financial instruments to manage exposures that result in the receipt or payment of future known and uncertain cash amounts, the values of which are determined by interest rates. The Company’s derivative financial instruments are used to manage differences in the amount, timing and duration of the Company’s known or expected cash receipts and its known or expected cash payments principally related to the Company’s investments and borrowings.

 
87
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 




The Company is exposed to credit risk in the event of non-performance by the counterparties to the Swaps if the derivative position has a positive balance. The Company believes it mitigates its credit risk by entering into Swaps with major financial institutions. The Company continually monitors and actively manages interest costs on its variable-rate debt portfolio and may enter into additional interest rate swap positions or other derivative interest rate instruments based on market conditions. The Company has not entered, and does not plan to enter, into any derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The following table presents the location in the financial statements of the income (losses) recognized related to the Company’s cash flow hedges (in thousands):
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Amount of (loss) income related to the effective portion recognized in other comprehensive income
$
634

 
$
(646
)
 
$
(5,061
)
Amount of loss related to the effective portion subsequently reclassified to earnings
—

 
—

 
—

Amount of gain (loss) related to the ineffective portion and amount excluded from effectiveness testing
—

 
—

 
—


Credit Risk-Related Contingent Features

The Company has agreements with each of its Swap counterparties that contain a provision whereby if the Company defaults on certain of its unsecured indebtedness the Company could also be declared in default on its swaps, resulting in an acceleration of payment under the swaps.

Other Financial Instruments

The Company’s other financial instruments had the following carrying values and fair values as of the dates shown (dollars in thousands):
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
Level
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Carrying
Amount
 
Estimated
Fair
Value
Notes Receivable (a)
 
3
 
$
153,829

 
$
151,712

 
$
276,163

 
$
272,052

Mortgage and Other Notes Payable, net (a)
 
3
 
909,174

 
921,891

 
1,055,728

 
1,077,926

Investment in non-traded equity securities (b)
 
3
 
411

 
22,824

 
802

 
25,194

Unsecured notes payable and Unsecured line of credit, net (c)
 
2
 
515,235

 
515,330

 
434,636

 
435,779

__________

(a)
The Company determined the estimated fair value of these financial instruments using a discounted cash flow model with rates that take into account the credit of the borrower or tenant, where applicable, and interest rate risk. The Company also considered the value of the underlying collateral, taking into account the quality of the collateral, the credit quality of the borrower, the time until maturity and the current market interest rate environment.
(b)
Represents Fund II’s cost-method investment in Albertson’s supermarkets (Note 4).
(c)
The Company determined the estimated fair value of the unsecured notes payable and unsecured line of credit using quoted market prices in an open market with limited trading volume where available. In cases where there was no trading volume, the Company determined the estimated fair value using a discounted cash flow model using a rate that reflects the average yield of similar market participants.

The Company’s cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and certain financial instruments included in other assets and other liabilities had fair values that approximated their carrying values at December 31, 2017.


 
88
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



9. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is involved in various matters of litigation arising in the normal course of business. While the Company is unable to predict with certainty the amounts involved, the Company’s management and counsel are of the opinion that, when such litigation is resolved, the Company’s resulting liability, if any, will not have a significant effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity. The Company's policy is to accrue legal expenses as they are incurred.

Commitments and Guaranties

In conjunction with the development and expansion of various properties, the Company has entered into agreements with general contractors for the construction or development of properties aggregating approximately $92.2 million and $85.4 million as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.

At each of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had letters of credit outstanding of $19.7 million and $11.3 million, respectively. The Company has not recorded any obligation associated with these letters of credit. The majority of the letters of credit are collateral for existing indebtedness and other obligations of the Company.

10. Shareholders’ Equity, Noncontrolling Interests and Other Comprehensive Income

Common Shares

The Company completed the following transactions in its common shares during the year ended December 31, 2017:

•
The Company withheld 4,314 Restricted Shares to pay the employees’ statutory minimum income taxes due on the value of the portion of their Restricted Shares that vested.
•
The Company recognized Common Share and Common OP Unit-based compensation totaling $8.4 million in connection with Restricted Shares and Units (Note 13).
•
At the May 10 Shareholder Meeting, Shareholders approved an amendment to the Company’s Declaration of Trust to increase the authorized share capital of the Company from 100 million shares of beneficial interest to 200 million shares which became effective on July 24, 2017.

The Company completed the following transactions in its common shares during the year ended December 31, 2016:

•
The Company issued 4,500,000 Common Shares under its at-the-market (“ATM”) equity programs, generating gross proceeds of $157.6 million and net proceeds of $155.7 million. The Company has established a new ATM equity program, effective July 2016, with an additional aggregate offering amount of up to $250.0 million of gross proceeds from the sale of Common Shares, replacing its $200.0 million program that was launched in 2014. As of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2017, there was $218.0 million remaining under this $250.0 million program.
•
The Company entered into a forward sale agreement to issue 3,600,000 Common Shares for gross proceeds of $126.8 million and net proceeds of $124.5 million. As of December 31, 2016, these shares have been physically settled.
•
The Company issued 4,830,000 Common Shares in a public offering, generating gross proceeds of $175.2 million and net proceeds of $172.1 million.
•
The Company withheld 3,152 Restricted Shares to pay the employees’ statutory minimum income taxes due on the value of the portion of their Restricted Shares that vested.
•
The Company recognized accrued Common Share and Common OP Unit-based compensation totaling $10.9 million in connection with the vesting of Restricted Shares and Units (Note 13).

Share Repurchases

The Company has a share repurchase program that authorizes management, at its discretion, to repurchase up to $20.0 million of its outstanding Common Shares. The program may be discontinued or extended at any time. There were no Common Shares repurchased by the Company during the year ended December 31, 2017 or the year ended December 31, 2016. Under this program the Company has repurchased 2.1 million Common Shares, none of which were repurchased after December 2001. As of December 31, 2017, management may repurchase up to approximately $7.5 million of the Company’s outstanding Common Shares under this program. During 2018, the Company revised its share repurchase program (Note 17).


 
89
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Dividends and Distributions

On November 8, 2017, the Board of Trustees declared an increase of $0.01 to the $0.27 per Common Share regular quarterly cash dividend, which was paid on January 13, 2018 to holders of record as of December 29, 2017.

On November 8, 2016, the Board of Trustees declared an increase of $0.01 to the regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.25 to $0.26 per Common Share, which was paid on January 13, 2017 to holders of record as of December 30, 2016. In addition, on November 8, 2016, the Board of Trustees declared a special cash dividend of $0.15 per Common Share with the same record and payment date as the regular quarterly dividend. The special dividend is a result of the taxable capital gains for 2016 arising from property dispositions within the Funds.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following table sets forth the activity in accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 (in thousands):
 
Gains or Losses on Derivative Instruments
Balance at January 1, 2017
$
(798
)
 
 
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications
634

Reclassification of realized interest on swap agreements
3,317

Net current period other comprehensive loss
3,951

Net current period other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(539
)
Balance at December 31, 2017
$
2,614

 
 
Balance at January 1, 2016
$
(4,463
)
 
 
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications
(646
)
Reclassification of realized interest on swap agreements
4,576

Net current period other comprehensive loss
3,930

Net current period other comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
(265
)
Balance at December 31, 2016
$
(798
)

 
90
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Noncontrolling Interests

The following table summarizes the change in the noncontrolling interests for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 (dollars in thousands):
 
Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership (a)
 
Noncontrolling Interests in Partially-Owned Affiliates (b)
 
Total
 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2017
$
95,422

 
$
494,126

 
$
589,548

Distributions declared of $1.05 per Common OP Unit
(6,453
)
 
—

 
(6,453
)
Net income (loss) for the period January 1 through December 31, 2017
4,159

 
(1,321
)
 
2,838

Conversion of 5,000 Preferred and 81,453 Common OP Units to
Common Shares by limited partners of the Operating Partnership
(1,541
)
 
—

 
(1,541
)
Other comprehensive income - unrealized loss
on valuation of swap agreements
85

 
(232
)
 
(147
)
Reclassification of realized interest expense on swap agreements
141

 
545

 
686

Noncontrolling interest contributions
—

 
85,206

 
85,206

Noncontrolling interest distributions
—

 
(32,805
)
 
(32,805
)
Employee Long-term Incentive Plan Unit Awards
10,457

 
—

 
10,457

Rebalancing adjustment (d)
651

 
—

 
651

Balance at December 31, 2017
$
102,921

 
$
545,519

 
$
648,440

 
 
 
 
 
 
Balance at January 1, 2016
$
96,340

 
$
324,526

 
$
420,866

Distributions declared of $1.16 per Common OP Unit
(6,753
)
 
—

 
(6,753
)
Net income for the period January 1 through December 31, 2016
5,002

 
56,814

 
61,816

Conversion of 351,250 Common OP Units to Common Shares
by limited partners of the Operating Partnership
(7,892
)
 
—

 
(7,892
)
Issuance of Common and Preferred OP Units to acquire real estate
31,429

 
—

 
31,429

Acquisition of noncontrolling interests (c)
—

 
(25,925
)
 
(25,925
)
Other comprehensive income - unrealized loss
on valuation of swap agreements
(43
)
 
(289
)
 
(332
)
Change in control of previously unconsolidated investment
—

 
(75,713
)
 
(75,713
)
Reclassification of realized interest expense on swap agreements
223

 
374

 
597

Noncontrolling interest contributions
—

 
295,108

 
295,108

Noncontrolling interest distributions
—

 
(80,769
)
 
(80,769
)
Employee Long-term Incentive Plan Unit Awards
12,768

 
—

 
12,768

Rebalancing adjustment (d)
(35,652
)
 
—

 
(35,652
)
Balance at December 31, 2016
$
95,422

 
$
494,126

 
$
589,548

__________

(a)
Noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership are comprised of (i) the limited partners’ 3,328,873 and 3,308,875 Common OP Units at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively; (ii) 188 Series A Preferred OP Units at December 31, 2017 and 2016; (iii) 136,593 and 141,593 Series C Preferred OP Units at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively; and (iv) 2,274,147 and 1,997,099 LTIP units as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, as discussed in Share Incentive Plan (Note 13). Distributions declared for Preferred OP Units are reflected in net income in the table above.
(b)
Noncontrolling interests in partially-owned affiliates comprise third-party interests in Funds II, III, IV and V, and Mervyns I and II, and six other subsidiaries.
(c)
During the first quarter of 2016, the Company acquired an additional 8.3% interest in Fund II from a limited partner for $18.4 million, giving the Company an aggregate 28.33% interest. Amount in the table above represents the book value of this transaction.

 
91
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



(d)
Adjustment reflects the difference between the fair value of the consideration received or paid and the book value of the Common Shares, Common OP Units, Preferred OP Units, and LTIP Units involving changes in ownership (the “Rebalancing”).

Preferred OP Units

There were no issuances of Preferred OP Units and 5,000 Series C Preferred OP Units were exchanged for common shares of the Company during the year ended December 31, 2017.

In 1999 the Operating Partnership issued 1,580 Series A Preferred OP Units in connection with the acquisition of a property, which have a stated value of $1,000 per unit, and are entitled to a preferred quarterly distribution of the greater of (i) $22.50 (9% annually) per Series A Preferred OP Unit or (ii) the quarterly distribution attributable to a Series A Preferred OP Unit if such unit was converted into a Common OP Unit. Through December 31, 2016, 1,392 Series A Preferred OP Units were converted into 185,600 Common OP Units and then into Common Shares. The 188 remaining Series A Preferred OP Units are currently convertible into Common OP Units based on the stated value divided by $7.50. Either the Company or the holders can currently call for the conversion of the Series A Preferred OP Units at the lesser of $7.50 or the market price of the Common Shares as of the conversion date.

During the first quarter of 2016, the Operating Partnership issued 442,478 Common OP Units and 141,593 Series C Preferred OP Units to a third party to acquire Gotham Plaza (Note 4). The Series C Preferred OP Units have a value of $100.00 per unit and are entitled to a preferred quarterly distribution of $0.9375 per unit and are convertible into Common OP Units at a rate based on the share price at the time of conversion. If the share price is below $28.80 on the conversion date, each Series C Preferred OP Unit will be convertible into 3.4722 Common OP Units. If the share price is between $28.80 and $35.20 on the conversion date, each Series C Preferred OP Unit will be convertible into a number of Common OP Units equal to $100.00 divided by the closing share price. If the share price is above $35.20 on the conversion date, each Series C Preferred OP Unit will be convertible into 2.8409 Common OP Units. The Series C Preferred OP Units have a mandatory conversion date of December 31, 2025, at which time all units that have not been converted will automatically be converted into Common OP Units based on the same calculations.

11. Leases

Operating Leases

The Company is engaged in the operation of shopping centers and other retail properties that are either owned or, with respect to certain shopping centers, operated under long-term ground leases that expire at various dates through June 20, 2066, with renewal options. Space in the shopping centers is leased to tenants pursuant to agreements that provide for terms ranging generally from one month to ninety-nine years and generally provide for additional rents based on certain operating expenses as well as tenants’ sales volumes.

The Company leases land at seven of its shopping centers, which are accounted for as operating leases and generally provide the Company with renewal options. Ground rent expense was $1.4 million, $1.2 million and $1.7 million (including capitalized ground rent at a property under development of $0.1 million, $0.6 million and $0.9 million) for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The leases terminate at various dates between 2020 and 2066. These leases provide the Company with options to renew for additional terms aggregating from 25 to 71 years. The Company also leases space for its corporate office. Office rent expense under this lease was $1.0 million, $1.0 million and $1.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Capital Lease

During 2016, the Company entered into a 49-year master lease at 991 Madison Avenue, which is accounted for as a capital lease. During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, payments for this lease totaled $2.5 million and $1.3 million respectively. The lease was initially valued at $76.6 million, which represents the total discounted payments to be made under the lease. The property under the capital lease is included in Note 2.


 
92
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Lease Obligations

The scheduled future minimum (i) rental revenues from rental properties under the terms of all non-cancelable tenant leases, assuming no new or renegotiated leases or option extensions for such premises and (ii) rental payments under the terms of all non-cancelable operating and capital leases in which the Company is the lessee, principally for office space and ground leases, as of December 31, 2017, are summarized as follows (in thousands):

Year Ending December 31,
 
Minimum Rental Revenues
 
Minimum Rental Payments
2018
 
$
165,893

 
$
4,540

2019
 
163,576

 
4,560

2020
 
149,453

 
4,356

2021
 
130,834

 
4,302

2022
 
111,958

 
4,395

Thereafter
 
514,271

 
185,014

Total
 
$
1,235,985

 
$
207,167


A ground lease expiring during 2078 provides the Company with an option to purchase the underlying land during 2031. If the Company does not exercise the option, the rents that will be due are based on future values and as such are not determinable at this time. Accordingly, the above table does not include rents for this lease beyond 2031.

During the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, no single tenant collectively comprised more than 10% of the Company’s consolidated total revenues.

12. Segment Reporting

The Company has three reportable segments: Core Portfolio, Funds and Structured Financing. The Company’s Core Portfolio consists primarily of high-quality retail properties located primarily in high-barrier-to-entry, densely-populated metropolitan areas with a long-term investment horizon. The Company’s Funds hold primarily retail real estate in which the Company co-invests with high-quality institutional investors. The Company’s Structured Financing segment consists of earnings and expenses related to notes and mortgages receivable which are held within the Core Portfolio or the Funds (Note 3). Fees earned by the Company as the general partner or managing member of the Funds are eliminated in the Company’s consolidated financial statements and are not presented in the Company’s segments.

 
93
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



The following tables set forth certain segment information for the Company (in thousands):

 
 
As of or for the Year Ended December 31, 2017

 
Core Portfolio
 
Funds
 
Structured Financing
 
Unallocated
 
Total
Revenues
 
$
169,975

 
$
80,287

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
250,262

Depreciation and amortization
 
(61,705
)
 
(43,229
)
 
—

 
—

 
(104,934
)
Property operating expenses, other operating and real estate taxes
 
(45,349
)
 
(34,449
)
 
—

 
—

 
(79,798
)
Impairment charges
 
—

 
(14,455
)
 
—

 
—

 
(14,455
)
General and administrative expenses
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(33,756
)
 
(33,756
)
Operating income
 
62,921

 
(11,846
)
 
—

 
(33,756
)
 
17,319

Gain on disposition of properties
 
—

 
48,886

 
—

 
—

 
48,886

Interest income
 
—

 
—

 
29,143

 
—

 
29,143

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates inclusive of gains on disposition of properties
 
3,735

 
19,636

 
—

 
—

 
23,371

Interest expense
 
(28,618
)
 
(30,360
)
 
—

 
—

 
(58,978
)
Gain on change in control
 
5,571

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
5,571

Income tax provision
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,004
)
 
(1,004
)
Net income
 
43,609

 
26,316

 
29,143

 
(34,760
)
 
64,308

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(1,107
)
 
(1,731
)
 
—

 
—

 
(2,838
)
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
42,502

 
$
24,585

 
$
29,143

 
$
(34,760
)
 
$
61,470

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate at cost
 
$
2,032,485

 
$
1,433,997

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
3,466,482

Total assets
 
$
2,305,663

 
$
1,500,755

 
$
153,829

 
$
—

 
$
3,960,247

Cash paid for acquisition of real estate
 
$
—

 
$
200,429

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
200,429

Cash paid for development and property improvement costs
 
$
49,339

 
$
66,116

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
115,455



 
 
As of or for the Year Ended December 31, 2016
 
 
Core Portfolio
 
Funds
 
Structured Financing
 
Unallocated
 
Total
Revenues
 
$
150,211

 
$
39,728

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
189,939

Depreciation and amortization
 
(54,582
)
 
(15,429
)
 
—

 
—

 
(70,011
)
Property operating expenses, other operating and real estate taxes
 
(39,598
)
 
(17,793
)
 
—

 
—

 
(57,391
)
General and administrative expenses
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(40,648
)
 
(40,648
)
Operating income
 
56,031

 
6,506

 
—

 
(40,648
)
 
21,889

Gain on disposition of properties
 
—

 
81,965

 
—

 
—

 
81,965

Interest income
 
—

 
—

 
25,829

 
—

 
25,829

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates inclusive of gains on disposition of properties
 
3,774

 
35,675

 
—

 
—

 
39,449

Interest expense
 
(27,435
)
 
(7,210
)
 
—

 
—

 
(34,645
)
Income tax benefit
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
105

 
105

Net income
 
32,370

 
116,936

 
25,829

 
(40,543
)
 
134,592

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(3,411
)
 
(58,405
)
 
—

 
—

 
(61,816
)
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
28,959

 
$
58,531

 
$
25,829

 
$
(40,543
)
 
$
72,776

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate at cost
 
$
1,982,763

 
$
1,399,237

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
3,382,000

Total assets
 
$
2,271,620

 
$
1,448,177

 
$
276,163

 
$
—

 
$
3,995,960

Cash paid for acquisition of real estate
 
$
323,880

 
$
171,764

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
495,644

Cash paid for development and property improvement costs
 
$
13,434

 
$
136,000

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
149,434



 
94
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



 
 
As of or for the Year Ended December 31, 2015
 
 
Core Portfolio
 
Funds
 
Structured Financing
 
Unallocated
 
Total
Revenues
 
$
150,015

 
$
49,048

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
199,063

Depreciation and amortization
 
(46,223
)
 
(14,528
)
 
—

 
—

 
(60,751
)
Property operating expenses, other operating and real estate taxes
 
(37,259
)
 
(21,223
)
 
—

 
—

 
(58,482
)
Impairment charges
 
(5,000
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(5,000
)
General and administrative expenses
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(30,368
)
 
(30,368
)
Operating income
 
61,533

 
13,297

 
—

 
(30,368
)
 
44,462

Gain on disposition of properties
 
—

 
89,063

 
—

 
—

 
89,063

Interest income
 
—

 
—

 
16,603

 
—

 
16,603

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliates inclusive of gains on disposition of properties
 
1,169

 
36,161

 
—

 
—

 
37,330

Other
 
—

 
—

 
1,596

 
—

 
1,596

Interest expense
 
(27,945
)
 
(9,352
)
 
—

 
—

 
(37,297
)
Income tax provision
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(1,787
)
 
(1,787
)
Net income
 
34,757

 
129,169

 
18,199

 
(32,155
)
 
149,970

Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
 
(140
)
 
(84,122
)
 
—

 
—

 
(84,262
)
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
34,617

 
$
45,047

 
$
18,199

 
$
(32,155
)
 
$
65,708

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real estate at cost
 
$
1,572,681

 
$
1,163,602

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
2,736,283

Total assets
 
$
1,662,092

 
$
1,223,039

 
$
147,188

 
$
—

 
$
3,032,319

Cash paid for acquisition of real estate
 
$
181,884

 
$
156,816

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
338,700

Cash paid for development and property improvement costs
 
$
16,505

 
$
147,810

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
164,315



 
95
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



13. Share Incentive and Other Compensation

Share Incentive Plan

The Second Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Plan (the “Share Incentive Plan”) authorizes the Company to issue options, Restricted Shares, LTIP Units and other securities (collectively “Awards”) to, among others, the Company’s officers, trustees and employees. At December 31, 2017 a total of 1,756,317 shares remained available to be issued under the Share Incentive Plan.

Restricted Shares and LTIP Units

During the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company issued 306,635 LTIP Units and 7,628 Restricted Share Units to employees of the Company pursuant to the Share Incentive Plan. These awards were measured at their fair value on the grant date, which was established as the market price of the Company’s Common Shares as of the close of trading on the day preceding the grant date. The total value of the above Restricted Share Units and LTIP Units as of the grant date was $9.5 million, of which $2.2 million was recognized as compensation expense in 2016, and $7.3 million will be recognized as compensation expense over the remaining vesting period. Total long-term incentive compensation expense, including the expense related to the Share Incentive Plan, was $8.4 million and $10.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively and is recorded in General and Administrative on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

In addition, members of the Board of Trustees (the “Board”) have been issued shares and units under the Share Incentive Plan. During 2017, the Company issued 11,814 Restricted Shares and 11,105 LTIP Units to Trustees of the Company in connection with Trustee fees. Vesting with respect to 3,864 of the Restricted Shares and 5,805 of the LTIP Units will be on the first anniversary of the date of issuance and 7,950 of the Restricted Shares and 5,300 of the LTIP Units vest over three years with 33% vesting on each of the next three anniversaries of the issuance date. The Restricted Shares do not carry voting rights or other rights of Common Shares until vesting and may not be transferred, assigned or pledged until the recipients have a vested non-forfeitable right to such shares. Dividends are not paid currently on unvested Restricted Shares, but are paid cumulatively from the issuance date through the applicable vesting date of such Restricted Shares. Total trustee fee expense, including the expense related to the Share Incentive Plan, was $1.2 million and $1.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

In 2009, the Company adopted the Long Term Investment Alignment Program (the “Program”) pursuant to which the Company may grant awards to employees, entitling them to receive up to 25% of any potential future payments of Promote to the Operating Partnership from Funds III and IV. The Company has granted such awards to employees representing 25% of the potential Promote payments from Fund III to the Operating Partnership and 14.4% of the potential Promote payments from Fund IV to the Operating Partnership. Payments to senior executives under the Program require further Board approval at the time any potential payments are due pursuant to these grants. Compensation relating to these awards will be recognized in each reporting period in which Board approval is granted.

As payments to other employees are not subject to further Board approval, compensation relating to these awards will be recorded based on the estimated fair value at each reporting period in accordance with ASC Topic 718, Compensation– Stock Compensation. The awards in connection with Fund IV were determined to have no intrinsic value as of December 31, 2017.

Compensation expense of $0.6 million and $5 million was recognized for the year ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, related to the Program in connection with Fund III.


 
96
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



A summary of the status of the Company’s unvested Restricted Shares and LTIP Units is presented below:
Unvested Restricted Shares
and LTIP Units
 
Common Restricted
Shares
 
Weighted
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 
LTIP Units
 
Weighted
Grant-Date
Fair Value
Unvested at January 1, 2016
 
49,899

 
$
25.90

 
1,020,121

 
$
23.92

Granted
 
21,675

 
33.35

 
359,484

 
34.40

Vested
 
(24,886
)
 
29.17

 
(522,680
)
 
26.08

Forfeited
 
(189
)
 
35.37

 
(48
)
 
35.37

Unvested at December 31, 2016
 
46,499

 
27.58

 
856,877

 
26.99

Granted
 
19,442

 
29.85

 
310,551

 
31.80

Vested
 
(23,430
)
 
30.47

 
(257,124
)
 
28.27

Forfeited
 
(1,184
)
 
32.65

 
(205
)
 
32.49

Unvested at December 31, 2017
 
41,327

 
$
26.92

 
910,099

 
$
28.28


The weighted-average grant date fair value for Restricted Shares and LTIP Units granted for the year ended December 31, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016 were $31.69 and $34.34, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, there was $14.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based compensation arrangements granted under the Share Incentive Plan. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.2 years. The total fair value of Restricted Shares that vested for each of the year ended December 31, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, was $0.7 million. The total fair value of LTIP Units that vested during the year ended December 31, 2017 and the year ended December 31, 2016, was $7.3 million and $13.6 million, respectively.

Other Plans

On a combined basis, the Company incurred a total of $0.2 million related to the following employee benefit plans for each of the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively:

Employee Share Purchase Plan

The Acadia Realty Trust Employee Share Purchase Plan (the “Purchase Plan”), allows eligible employees of the Company to purchase Common Shares through payroll deductions. The Purchase Plan provides for employees to purchase Common Shares on a quarterly basis at a 15% discount to the closing price of the Company’s Common Shares on either the first day or the last day of the quarter, whichever is lower. A participant may not purchase more the $25,000 in Common Shares per year. Compensation expense will be recognized by the Company to the extent of the above discount to the closing price of the Common Shares with respect to the applicable quarter. During the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, a total of 4,514 and 4,016 Common Shares, respectively, were purchased by employees under the Purchase Plan.

Deferred Share Plan

During May of 2006, the Company adopted a Trustee Deferral and Distribution Election, under which the participating Trustees earn deferred compensation.

Employee 401(k) Plan

The Company maintains a 401(k) plan for employees under which the Company currently matches 50% of a plan participant’s contribution up to 6% of the employee’s annual salary. A plan participant may contribute up to a maximum of 15% of their compensation, up to $18,000, for the year ended December 31, 2017.


 
97
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



14. Federal Income Taxes

The Company has elected to qualify as a REIT in accordance with Sections 856 through 860 of the Code, and intends at all times to qualify as a REIT under the Code. To qualify as a REIT, the Company must meet a number of organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that it currently distribute at least 90% of its annual REIT taxable income to its shareholders. As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to corporate Federal income tax, provided that distributions to its shareholders equal at least the amount of its REIT taxable income as defined under the Code. As the Company distributed sufficient taxable income for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, no U.S. Federal income or excise taxes were incurred. If the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, it will be subject to Federal income taxes at the regular corporate rates (including any applicable alternative minimum tax) and may not be able to qualify as a REIT for the four subsequent taxable years. Even though the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company is subject to certain state and local taxes on its income and property and Federal income and excise taxes on any undistributed taxable income. In addition, taxable income from non-REIT activities managed through the Company’s TRS’s is subject to Federal, state and local income taxes. For taxable years beginning after 2017, no more than 20% of the value of our total assets may consist of the securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries.

In the normal course of business, the Company or one or more of its subsidiaries is subject to examination by Federal, state and local jurisdictions as well as certain jurisdictions outside the United States, in which it operates, where applicable. The Company expects to recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, as income tax expense. For the three years ended December 31, 2017, the Company recognized no material adjustments regarding its tax accounting treatment for uncertain tax provisions. As of December 31, 2017, the tax years that remain subject to examination by the major tax jurisdictions under applicable statutes of limitations are generally the year 2014 and forward.

Reconciliation of Net Income to Taxable Income

Reconciliation of GAAP net income attributable to Acadia to taxable income is as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(in thousands)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
61,470

 
$
72,776

 
$
65,708

Deferred cancellation of indebtedness income
 
2,050

 
2,050

 
2,050

Deferred rental and other income (a)
 
(934
)
 
1,610

 
82

Book/tax difference - depreciation and amortization (a)
 
21,334

 
15,189

 
9,983

Straight-line rent and above- and below-market rent adjustments (a)
 
(10,559
)
 
(7,882
)
 
(8,041
)
Book/tax differences - equity-based compensation
 
5,325

 
10,307

 
5,833

Joint venture equity in earnings, net (a)
 
9,114

 
(2,011
)
 
5,776

Impairment charges and reserves
 
—

 
769

 
(714
)
Acquisition costs (a)
 
1,135

 
5,116

 
1,190

Gains
 
(5,181
)
 
—

 
(760
)
Book/tax differences - miscellaneous
 
930

 
(4,924
)
 
2,573

Taxable income
 
$
84,684

 
$
93,000

 
$
83,680

Distributions declared
 
$
87,848

 
$
91,053

 
$
84,683


__________

(a)
Adjustments from certain subsidiaries and affiliates, which are consolidated for financial reporting but not for tax reporting, are included in the reconciliation item "Joint venture equity in earnings, net."


 
98
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Characterization of Distributions

The Company has determined that the cash distributed to the shareholders for the periods presented is characterized as follows for Federal income tax purposes:
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
 
Per Share
 
%
 
Per Share
 
%
 
Per Share
 
%
Ordinary income
$
0.82

 
78
%
 
$
0.77

 
66
%
 
$
0.83

 
68
%
Qualified dividend
—

 
—
%
 
—

 
—
%
 
—

 
—
%
Capital gain
0.23

 
22
%
 
0.39

 
34
%
 
0.39

 
32
%
Total
$
1.05

 
100
%
 
$
1.16

 
100
%
 
$
1.22

 
100
%

Taxable REIT Subsidiaries

Income taxes have been provided for using the liability method as required by ASC Topic 740, “Income Taxes.” The Company’s TRS income and provision for income taxes associated with the TRS for the periods presented are summarized as follows (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
TRS income (loss) before income taxes
 
$
(3,604
)
 
$
(1,583
)
 
$
1,008

(Provision) benefit for income taxes:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Federal
 
(982
)
 
378

 
(526
)
State and local
 
423

 
97

 
(134
)
TRS net income (loss) before noncontrolling interests
 
(4,163
)
 
(1,108
)
 
348

Noncontrolling interests
 
8

 
(9
)
 
(208
)
TRS net income (loss)
 
$
(4,155
)
 
$
(1,117
)
 
$
140


The income tax provision for the Company differs from the amount computed by applying the statutory Federal income tax rate to income before income taxes as follows. Amounts are not adjusted for temporary book/tax differences (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Federal tax provision (benefit) at statutory tax rate
 
$
(1,225
)
 
$
(538
)
 
$
343

TRS state and local taxes, net of Federal benefit
 
(190
)
 
(84
)
 
53

Tax effect of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Permanent differences, net
 
1,131

 
1,663

 
396

Prior year (over) under-accrual, net
 
(1,541
)
 
—

 
938

Effect of Tax Cuts and Jobs Act
 
1,982

 
—

 
—

Other
 
404

 
(1,516
)
 
(131
)
REIT state and local income and franchise taxes
 
443

 
370

 
188

Total provision (benefit) for income taxes
 
$
1,004

 
$
(105
)
 
$
1,787


As of December 31, 2017, and 2016, the Company’s deferred tax assets (net of applicable reserves) in its taxable REIT subsidiaries consisted of the following: additional tax basis in RCP investments of $1.0 million and $1.7 million, deferred interest of $0 and $0.8 million and net operating loss carryovers of $1.1 million and $1.3 million, respectively.



 
99
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



15. Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per Common Share is computed by dividing net income attributable to Common Shareholders by the weighted average Common Shares outstanding. During the periods presented, the Company had unvested LTIP Units which provide for non-forfeitable rights to dividend equivalent payments. Accordingly, these unvested LTIP Units are considered participating securities and are included in the computation of basic earnings per Common Share pursuant to the two-class method.

Diluted earnings per Common Share reflects the potential dilution of the conversion of obligations and the assumed exercises of securities including the effects of restricted share units (“Restricted Share Units”) and share option awards issued under the Company’s Share Incentive Plans (Note 13). The effect of such shares is excluded from the calculation of earnings per share when anti-dilutive as indicated in the table below.

The effect of the conversion of Common OP Units is not reflected in the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share, as they are exchangeable for Common Shares on a one-for-one basis. The income allocable to such units is allocated on this same basis and reflected as noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. As such, the assumed conversion of these units would have no net impact on the determination of diluted earnings per share.

 
 
Year Ended December 31,
(dollars in thousands)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Numerator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net income attributable to Acadia
 
$
61,470

 
$
72,776

 
$
65,708

Less: net income attributable to participating securities
 
(642
)
 
(793
)
 
(927
)
Income from continuing operations net of income
attributable to participating securities
 
$
60,828

 
$
71,983

 
$
64,781


 
 
 
 
 
 
Denominator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average shares for basic earnings per share
 
83,682,789

 
76,231,000

 
68,851,083

Effect of dilutive securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Employee unvested restricted shares
 
2,682

 
12,550

 
18,556

Denominator for diluted earnings per share
 
83,685,471

 
76,243,550

 
68,869,639

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic and diluted earnings per Common Share from
continuing operations attributable to Acadia
 
$
0.73

 
$
0.94

 
$
0.94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Anti-Dilutive Shares Excluded from Denominator:
 
 
 
 
 
 
Series A Preferred OP Units
 
188

 
188

 
188

Series A Preferred OP Units - Common share equivalent
 
25,067

 
25,067

 
25,067

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Series C Preferred OP Units
 
136,593

 
141,593

 
—

Series C Preferred OP Units - Common share equivalent
 
479,978

 
410,207

 
—



 
100
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



16. Summary of Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited)

The quarterly results of operations of the Company for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as follows (in thousands, except per share amounts):
 
 
Three Months Ended (a,b,c,d)
 
 
March 31, 2017
 
June 30, 2017
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2017
Revenues
 
$
61,999

 
$
59,504

 
$
62,678

 
$
66,081

Net income
 
19,971

 
6,108

 
13,285

 
24,944

  Net (income) loss attributable to
noncontrolling interests
 
(4,340
)
 
5,952

 
(418
)
 
(4,032
)
  Net income attributable to Acadia
 
15,631

 
12,060

 
12,867

 
20,912

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Earnings per share attributable to Acadia:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Basic
 
$
0.18

 
$
0.14

 
$
0.15

 
$
0.25

  Diluted
 
0.18

 
0.14

 
0.15

 
0.25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of shares:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Basic
 
83,635

 
83,662

 
83,700

 
83,733

  Diluted
 
83,646

 
83,662

 
83,700

 
83,733

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash dividends declared per Common Share
 
$
0.26

 
$
0.26

 
$
0.26

 
$
0.27


__________

(a)
The three months ended March 31, 2017 includes the Company’s $2.7 million proportionate share of aggregate gains of $14.5 million on the sales of two unconsolidated properties (Note 4).
(b)
The three months ended June 30, 2017 includes the Company’s $0.8 million proportionate share of a $3.3 million gain on sale of an unconsolidated property (Note 4).
(c)
The three months ended September 30, 2017 includes an aggregate $13.0 million gain on the sales of two consolidated properties (Note 2), of which $10.7 million was attributable to noncontrolling interests as well as an impairment charge of  $3.8 million, inclusive of an amount attributable to a noncontrolling interest of $2.7 million (Note 8).
(d)
The three months ended December 31, 2017 includes a $5.6 million gain on change in control of interests (Note 4), an aggregate $35.9 million gain on the sales of three consolidated properties (Note 2), of which $26.7 million was attributable to noncontrolling interests; and an impairment charge of $10.6 million, of which $7.6 million was attributable to noncontrolling interests (Note 8).


 
101
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



 
 
Three Months Ended (a, b, c, d)
 
 
March 31, 2016
 
June 30, 2016
 
September 30, 2016
 
December 31, 2016
Revenues
 
$
48,045

 
$
43,918

 
$
43,855

 
$
54,121

Net income
 
73,875

 
26,155

 
326

 
34,236

  Net (income) loss attributable to
noncontrolling interests
 
(44,950
)
 
(8,237
)
 
5,786

 
(14,415
)
  Net income attributable to Acadia
 
28,925

 
17,918

 
6,112

 
19,821

Earnings per share attributable to Acadia:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Basic
 
$
0.40

 
$
0.24

 
$
0.08

 
$
0.24

  Diluted
 
0.40

 
0.24

 
0.08

 
0.24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Weighted average number of shares:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Basic
 
70,756

 
72,896

 
78,449

 
82,728

  Diluted
 
71,215

 
72,896

 
78,624

 
82,728

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash dividends declared per Common Share
 
$
0.25

 
$
0.25

 
$
0.25

 
$
0.41

__________
(a)
The three months ended March 31, 2016 includes Fund III's $65.4 million gain on sale of its 65% consolidated interest in Cortlandt Town Center of which $49.4 million was attributable to noncontrolling interests (Note 2).
(b)
The three months ended June 30, 2016 includes a $16.6 million gain on sale of Fund III's consolidated Heritage Shops property of which $12.5 million was attributable to noncontrolling interests (Note 2).
(c)
The three months ended June 30, 2016, September 30, 2016 and December 31, 2016 reflect the impact of the de-consolidation of the Company's investment in the Brandywine portfolio, which was effective May 1, 2016 (Note 4).
(d)
The three months ended December 31, 2016 reflect the impact of an out-of-period adjustment resulting in a net decrease to net income of $4.2 million, of which $1.6 million was attributable to noncontrolling interests (Note 1).


17. Subsequent Events

Acquisition

On February 21, 2018, Fund V acquired a shopping center located in Trussville, Alabama for $45.2 million. It is not practicable to disclose the preliminary purchase price allocation or consolidated pro forma financial information for this transaction given the short period of time between the acquisition date and the filing of this Report.

Financings

On January 24, 2018, Fund V obtained mortgage financing of $22.9 million for its recently acquired Plaza Santa Fe property (Note 2).

On January 29, 2018, Fund V obtained mortgage financing of $16.9 million for its recently acquired New Towne Plaza property (Note 2).

On February 20, 2018, the Company completed a $500.0 million senior unsecured credit facility (the “Credit Facility”), comprised of a $150.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”), and a $350.0 million senior unsecured term loan (the “Term Loan”). The Credit Facility refinanced the Company’s existing $300.0 million credit facility (comprised of the $150.0 million Core unsecured revolving line of credit and the $150.0 million term loan), $150.0 million in Core unsecured term loans (Note 7) and repaid a $40.4 million mortgage secured by its 664 North Michigan Property. The Revolver and Term Loans mature on March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2023, respectively.


 
102
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS



    

 



Dispositions

On January 18, 2018, Fund IV’s Broughton Street Portfolio venture (Note 4) sold its 108 W. Broughton and 110 W. Broughton Street properties for a total of $8.0 million.

Structured Financing

On January 24, 2018, the Company received full settlement of one of its Core notes receivable with a principal amount of $26.0 million (Note 3).

Other

On February 20, 2018, the Company’s Board of Trustees elected to terminate the existing repurchase program and authorized a new Common Share repurchase program under which the Company may repurchase, from time to time, up to a maximum of $200.0 million of its common shares. The shares may be repurchased in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The common share repurchase program does not obligate the Company to repurchase any specific number of shares and may be suspended or terminated at any time at the Company’s discretion without prior notice.



 
103
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST
SCHEDULE II - VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS




 
Balance at Beginning of Year
 
Charged to Expenses
 
Adjustments to Valuation Accounts
 
Deductions
 
Balance at End of Year
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended December 31, 2017:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for deferred tax asset
$
859

 
$
—

 
$
671

 
$
—

 
$
1,530

Allowance for uncollectible accounts
5,720

 
200

 
—

 
—

 
5,920

Allowance for notes receivable
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Year ended December 31, 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for deferred tax asset
—

 
—

 
859

 
—

 
859

Allowance for uncollectible accounts
7,451

 
—

 
—

 
(1,731
)
 
5,720

Allowance for notes receivable
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Year ended December 31, 2015:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allowance for deferred tax asset
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

Allowance for uncollectible accounts
5,952

 
1,499

 
—

 
—

 
7,451

Allowance for notes receivable
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—



 
104
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST
SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION


December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
Initial Cost
to Company
 
 
 
Amount at Which
Carried at December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description and Location
 
Encumbrances
 
Land
 
Buildings &
Improvements
 
Increase (Decrease) in Net Investments
 
Land
 
Buildings &
Improvements
 
Total
 
Accumulated
Depreciation
 
Date of
Acquisition (a)
Construction (c)
 
 
 
Life on which Depreciation in Latest Statement of Income is Compared
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Core Portfolio:
 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Crescent Plaza Brockton, MA
 
—

 
1,147

 
7,425

 
3,194

 
1,147

 
10,619

 
11,766

 
7,749

 
1993
 
(a)
 
40 years
New Loudon Center Latham, NY
 
—

 
505

 
4,161

 
14,118

 
505

 
18,279

 
18,784

 
14,486

 
1993
 
(a)
 
40 years
Mark Plaza Edwardsville, PA
 
—

 
—

 
3,396

 
—

 
—

 
3,396

 
3,396

 
2,934

 
1993
 
(c)
 
40 years
Plaza 422 Lebanon, PA
 
—

 
190

 
3,004

 
2,765

 
190

 
5,769

 
5,959

 
5,192

 
1993
 
(c)
 
40 years
Route 6 Mall Honesdale, PA
 
—

 
1,664

 
—

 
12,446

 
1,664

 
12,446

 
14,110

 
9,234

 
1994
 
(c)
 
40 years
Abington Towne Center Abington, PA
 
—

 
799

 
3,197

 
2,870

 
799

 
6,067

 
6,866

 
3,890

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
Bloomfield Town Square Bloomfield Hills, MI
 
—

 
3,207

 
13,774

 
23,557

 
3,207

 
37,331

 
40,538

 
21,396

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
Elmwood Park Shopping Center Elmwood Park, NJ
 
—

 
3,248

 
12,992

 
15,857

 
3,798

 
28,299

 
32,097

 
19,237

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
Merrillville Plaza Hobart, IN
 
—

 
4,288

 
17,152

 
5,661

 
4,288

 
22,813

 
27,101

 
12,260

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
Marketplace of Absecon Absecon, NJ
 
—

 
2,573

 
10,294

 
4,900

 
2,577

 
15,190

 
17,767

 
8,107

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
239 Greenwich Avenue Greenwich, CT
 
27,000

 
1,817

 
15,846

 
1,032

 
1,817

 
16,878

 
18,695

 
7,830

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
Hobson West Plaza Naperville, IL
 
—

 
1,793

 
7,172

 
1,983

 
1,793

 
9,155

 
10,948

 
5,095

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
Village Commons Shopping Center Smithtown, NY
 
—

 
3,229

 
12,917

 
4,265

 
3,229

 
17,182

 
20,411

 
9,389

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
Town Line Plaza Rocky Hill, CT
 
—

 
878

 
3,510

 
7,736

 
907

 
11,217

 
12,124

 
9,062

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
Branch Shopping Center Smithtown, NY
 
—

 
3,156

 
12,545

 
15,935

 
3,401

 
28,235

 
31,636

 
11,247

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
Methuen Shopping Center Methuen, MA
 
—

 
956

 
3,826

 
1,260

 
961

 
5,081

 
6,042

 
2,518

 
1998
 
(a)
 
40 years
The Gateway Shopping Center South Burlington, VT
 
—

 
1,273

 
5,091

 
12,262

 
1,273

 
17,353

 
18,626

 
9,521

 
1999
 
(a)
 
40 years
Mad River Station Dayton, OH
 
—

 
2,350

 
9,404

 
2,102

 
2,350

 
11,506

 
13,856

 
5,597

 
1999
 
(a)
 
40 years
Pacesetter Park Shopping Center Ramapo, NY
 
—

 
1,475

 
5,899

 
3,602

 
1,475

 
9,501

 
10,976

 
4,976

 
1999
 
(a)
 
40 years
Brandywine Holdings Wilmington, DE
 
26,250

 
5,063

 
15,252

 
2,495

 
5,201

 
17,609

 
22,810

 
6,796

 
2003
 
(a)
 
40 years
Bartow Avenue Bronx, NY
 
—

 
1,691

 
5,803

 
1,184

 
1,691

 
6,987

 
8,678

 
2,958

 
2005
 
(c)
 
40 years
Amboy Road Staten Island, NY
 
—

 
—

 
11,909

 
2,483

 
—

 
14,392

 
14,392

 
6,564

 
2005
 
(a)
 
40 years
Chestnut Hill Philadelphia, PA
 
—

 
8,289

 
5,691

 
4,509

 
8,289

 
10,200

 
18,489

 
3,877

 
2006
 
(a)
 
40 years
2914 Third Avenue Bronx, NY
 
—

 
11,108

 
8,038

 
4,768

 
11,855

 
12,059

 
23,914

 
2,757

 
2006
 
(a)
 
40 years
West Shore Expressway Staten Island, NY
 
—

 
3,380

 
13,499

 
—

 
3,380

 
13,499

 
16,879

 
4,114

 
2007
 
(a)
 
40 years
West 54th Street Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
16,699

 
18,704

 
1,236

 
16,699

 
19,940

 
36,639

 
5,480

 
2007
 
(a)
 
40 years
5-7 East 17th Street Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
3,048

 
7,281

 
5,183

 
3,048

 
12,464

 
15,512

 
2,426

 
2008
 
(a)
 
40 years
651-671 W Diversey Chicago, IL
 
—

 
8,576

 
17,256

 
8

 
8,576

 
17,264

 
25,840

 
2,841

 
2011
 
(a)
 
40 years
15 Mercer Street New York, NY
 
—

 
1,887

 
2,483

 
—

 
1,887

 
2,483

 
4,370

 
404

 
2011
 
(a)
 
40 years
4401 White Plains Bronx, NY
 
—

 
1,581

 
5,054

 
—

 
1,581

 
5,054

 
6,635

 
800

 
2011
 
(a)
 
40 years
Chicago Street Retail Portfolio
 
—

 
17,527

 
49,501

 
5,544

 
17,565

 
55,007

 
72,572

 
11,383

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years

 
105
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST
SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION


 
 
 
 
Initial Cost
to Company
 
 
 
Amount at Which
Carried at December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description and Location
 
Encumbrances
 
Land
 
Buildings &
Improvements
 
Increase (Decrease) in Net Investments
 
Land
 
Buildings &
Improvements
 
Total
 
Accumulated
Depreciation
 
Date of
Acquisition (a)
Construction (c)
 
 
 
Life on which Depreciation in Latest Statement of Income is Compared
1520 Milwaukee Avenue Chicago, IL
 
—

 
2,110

 
1,306

 
2

 
2,110

 
1,308

 
3,418

 
193

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
330-340 River St Cambridge, MA
 
11,644

 
8,404

 
14,235

 
—

 
8,404

 
14,235

 
22,639

 
2,179

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
Rhode Island Place Shopping Center Washington, D.C.
 
—

 
7,458

 
15,968

 
1,708

 
7,458

 
17,676

 
25,134

 
2,709

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
930 Rush Street Chicago, IL
 
—

 
4,933

 
14,587

 
—

 
4,933

 
14,587

 
19,520

 
2,097

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
28 Jericho Turnpike Westbury, NY
 
14,402

 
6,220

 
24,416

 
—

 
6,220

 
24,416

 
30,636

 
3,575

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
181 Main Street Westport, CT
 
—

 
1,908

 
12,158

 
333

 
1,908

 
12,491

 
14,399

 
1,612

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
83 Spring Street Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
1,754

 
9,200

 
—

 
1,754

 
9,200

 
10,954

 
1,265

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
60 Orange Street Bloomfield, NJ
 
7,522

 
3,609

 
10,790

 
—

 
3,609

 
10,790

 
14,399

 
1,562

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
179-53 & 1801-03 Connecticut Avenue Washington, D.C.
 
—

 
11,690

 
10,135

 
802

 
11,690

 
10,937

 
22,627

 
1,522

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
639 West Diversey Chicago, IL
 
—

 
4,429

 
6,102

 
779

 
4,429

 
6,881

 
11,310

 
1,069

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
664 North Michigan Chicago, IL
 
40,584

 
15,240

 
65,331

 
—

 
15,240

 
65,331

 
80,571

 
7,973

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
8-12 E. Walton Chicago, IL
 
—

 
5,398

 
15,601

 
939

 
5,398

 
16,540

 
21,938

 
1,879

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
3200-3204 M Street Washington, DC
 
—

 
6,899

 
4,249

 
168

 
6,899

 
4,417

 
11,316

 
547

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
868 Broadway Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
3,519

 
9,247

 
5

 
3,519

 
9,252

 
12,771

 
942

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
313-315 Bowery Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
—

 
5,516

 
—

 
—

 
5,516

 
5,516

 
893

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
120 West Broadway Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
—

 
32,819

 
1,116

 
—

 
33,935

 
33,935

 
2,192

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
11 E. Walton Chicago, IL
 
—

 
16,744

 
28,346

 
192

 
16,744

 
28,538

 
45,282

 
2,923

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
61 Main St. Westport, CT
 
—

 
4,578

 
2,645

 
182

 
4,578

 
2,827

 
7,405

 
307

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
865 W. North Avenue Chicago, IL
 
—

 
1,893

 
11,594

 
23

 
1,893

 
11,617

 
13,510

 
1,105

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
152-154 Spring St. Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
8,544

 
27,001

 
—

 
8,544

 
27,001

 
35,545

 
2,509

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
2520 Flatbush Ave Brooklyn, NY
 
—

 
6,613

 
10,419

 
193

 
6,613

 
10,612

 
17,225

 
1,026

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
252-256 Greenwich Avenue Greenwich, CT
 
—

 
10,175

 
12,641

 
119

 
10,175

 
12,760

 
22,935

 
1,300

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
Bedford Green Bedford Hills, NY
 
—

 
12,425

 
32,730

 
1,929

 
12,425

 
34,659

 
47,084

 
3,228

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
131-135 Prince Street Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
—

 
57,536

 
135

 
—

 
57,671

 
57,671

 
8,969

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
Shops at Grand Ave Queens, NY
 
—

 
20,264

 
33,131

 
312

 
20,264

 
33,443

 
53,707

 
2,746

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
201 Needham St. Newton, MA
 
—

 
4,550

 
4,459

 
105

 
4,550

 
4,564

 
9,114

 
419

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
City Center San Francisco, CA
 
—

 
36,063

 
109,098

 
2,604

 
36,063

 
111,702

 
147,765

 
7,731

 
2015
 
(a)
 
40 years
163 Highland Avenue Needham, MA
 
9,112

 
12,679

 
11,213

 
—

 
12,679

 
11,213

 
23,892

 
911

 
2015
 
(a)
 
40 years
Roosevelt Galleria Chicago, IL
 
—

 
4,838

 
14,574

 
—

 
4,838

 
14,574

 
19,412

 
856

 
2015
 
(a)
 
40 years
Route 202 Shopping Center Wilmington, DE
 
—

 
—

 
6,346

 
13

 
—

 
6,359

 
6,359

 
467

 
2015
 
(a)
 
40 years
991 Madison Avenue New York, NY
 
—

 
—

 
76,965

 
175

 
—

 
77,140

 
77,140

 
2,749

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
165 Newbury Street Boston, MA
 
—

 
1,918

 
3,980

 
—

 
1,918

 
3,980

 
5,898

 
166

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
Concord & Milwaukee Chicago, IL
 
2,802

 
2,739

 
2,746

 
—

 
2,739

 
2,746

 
5,485

 
103

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
State & Washington Chicago, IL
 
24,974

 
3,907

 
70,943

 
—

 
3,907

 
70,943

 
74,850

 
2,365

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years

 
106
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST
SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION


 
 
 
 
Initial Cost
to Company
 
 
 
Amount at Which
Carried at December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description and Location
 
Encumbrances
 
Land
 
Buildings &
Improvements
 
Increase (Decrease) in Net Investments
 
Land
 
Buildings &
Improvements
 
Total
 
Accumulated
Depreciation
 
Date of
Acquisition (a)
Construction (c)
 
 
 
Life on which Depreciation in Latest Statement of Income is Compared
151 N. State Street Chicago, IL
 
14,179

 
1,941

 
25,529

 
—

 
1,941

 
25,529

 
27,470

 
904

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
North & Kingsbury Chicago, IL
 
12,931

 
18,731

 
16,292

 
—

 
18,731

 
16,292

 
35,023

 
564

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
Sullivan Center Chicago, IL
 
—

 
13,443

 
137,327

 
54

 
13,443

 
137,381

 
150,824

 
4,578

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
California & Armitage Chicago, IL
 
2,622

 
6,770

 
2,292

 
2

 
6,770

 
2,294

 
9,064

 
84

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
555 9th Street San Francisco, CA
 
60,000

 
75,591

 
73,268

 
—

 
75,591

 
73,268

 
148,859

 
2,154

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
Market Square Wilmington, DE
 
—

 
8,100

 
31,221

 
157

 
8,100

 
31,379

 
39,479

 
75

 
2017
 
(a)
 
40 years
Undeveloped Land
 
—

 
100

 
—

 
—

 
100

 
—

 
100

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Fund II:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
City Point
Brooklyn, NY
 
224,820

 
—

 
100,316

 
455,125

 
—

 
555,441

 
555,441

 
13,628

 
2007
 
(c)
 
40 years
Fund III:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
654 Broadway
Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
9,040

 
3,654

 
2,883

 
9,040

 
6,537

 
15,577

 
921

 
2011
 
(a)
 
40 years
640 Broadway
Manhattan, NY
 
49,470

 
12,503

 
19,960

 
12,921

 
12,503

 
32,881

 
45,384

 
4,694

 
2012
 
(a)
 
40 years
3104 M St. Washington, DC
 
4,419

 
750

 
2,115

 
5,139

 
750

 
7,254

 
8,004

 
283

 
2013
 
(c)
 
40 years
3780-3858 Nostrand Avenue
Brooklyn, NY
 
10,617

 
6,229

 
11,216

 
6,139

 
6,229

 
17,355

 
23,584

 
2,157

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
Fund IV:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
—

 
 
 
 
 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
210 Bowery Manhattan, NY
 
10,919

 
1,875

 
5,625

 
17,104

 
1,875

 
22,729

 
24,604

 
142

 
2012
 
(c)
 
40 years
Paramus Plaza
Paramus, NJ
 
18,454

 
11,052

 
7,037

 
11,560

 
11,052

 
18,597

 
29,649

 
1,739

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
Lake Montclair Center
Dumfries, VA
 
14,098

 
7,077

 
12,028

 
702

 
7,077

 
12,730

 
19,807

 
1,482

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
938 W. North Avenue
Chicago, IL
 
14,100

 
2,314

 
17,067

 
2,044

 
2,314

 
19,111

 
21,425

 
1,733

 
2013
 
(a)
 
40 years
27 E. 61st Street Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
4,813

 
14,438

 
6,693

 
4,813

 
21,131

 
25,944

 
131

 
2014
 
(c)
 
40 years
17 E. 71st Street
Manhattan, NY
 
19,000

 
7,391

 
20,176

 
266

 
7,391

 
20,442

 
27,833

 
1,680

 
2014
 
(a)
 
40 years
Broughton St. Portfolio Savannah, GA
 
24,699

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
2014
 
(c)
 
40 years
1035 Third Ave
Manhattan, NY
 
41,387

 
12,759

 
37,431

 
4,648

 
14,099

 
40,739

 
54,838

 
2,992

 
2015
 
(a)
 
40 years
801 Madison Avenue
Manhattan, NY
 
—

 
4,178

 
28,470

 
4,474

 
4,178

 
32,945

 
37,123

 
206

 
2015
 
(c)
 
40 years
2208-2216 Fillmore Street
San Francisco, CA
 
5,606

 
3,027

 
6,376

 
26

 
3,027

 
6,402

 
9,429

 
348

 
2015
 
(a)
 
40 years
146 Geary Street
San Francisco, CA
 
27,700

 
9,500

 
28,500

 
7

 
9,500

 
28,507

 
38,007

 
1,544

 
2015
 
(a)
 
40 years
2207 Fillmore Street
San Francisco, CA
 
1,120

 
1,498

 
1,735

 
119

 
1,498

 
1,854

 
3,352

 
93

 
2015
 
(a)
 
40 years
1861 Union St. San Francisco, CA
 
2,315

 
2,188

 
1,293

 
8

 
2,188

 
1,301

 
3,489

 
67

 
2015
 
(a)
 
40 years
1964 Union Street San Francisco, CA
 
1,463

 
563

 
1,688

 
2,577

 
563

 
4,265

 
4,828

 
44

 
2016
 
(c)
 
40 years
Restaurants at Fort Point
Boston, MA
 
6,425

 
1,041

 
10,905

 
—

 
1,041

 
10,905

 
11,946

 
545

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
Wakeforest Crossing
Wake Forest, NC
 
24,000

 
7,570

 
24,829

 
196

 
7,570

 
25,025

 
32,595

 
989

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
Airport Mall Bangor, ME
 
5,613

 
2,294

 
7,067

 
74

 
2,294

 
7,141

 
9,435

 
278

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
Colonie Plaza Albany, NY
 
11,890

 
2,852

 
9,619

 
4

 
2,852

 
9,623

 
12,475

 
338

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
Dauphin Plaza Harrisburg, PA
 
10,270

 
5,290

 
9,464

 
317

 
5,290

 
9,781

 
15,071

 
351

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
JFK Plaza Waterville, ME
 
4,490

 
751

 
5,991

 
7

 
751

 
5,998

 
6,749

 
222

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
Mayfair Shopping Center Philadelphia, PA
 
—

 
6,178

 
9,266

 
32

 
6,178

 
9,298

 
15,476

 
294

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
Shaw's Plaza Waterville, ME
 
8,035

 
828

 
11,814

 
—

 
828

 
11,814

 
12,642

 
388

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years

 
107
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST
SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION


 
 
 
 
Initial Cost
to Company
 
 
 
Amount at Which
Carried at December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Description and Location
 
Encumbrances
 
Land
 
Buildings &
Improvements
 
Increase (Decrease) in Net Investments
 
Land
 
Buildings &
Improvements
 
Total
 
Accumulated
Depreciation
 
Date of
Acquisition (a)
Construction (c)
 
 
 
Life on which Depreciation in Latest Statement of Income is Compared
Wells Plaza Wells, ME
 
3,368

 
1,892

 
2,585

 
—

 
1,892

 
2,585

 
4,477

 
124

 
2016
 
(a)
 
40 years
717 N. Michigan Chicago, IL
 
18,199

 
20,674

 
10,093

 
—

 
20,674

 
10,093

 
30,767

 
270

 
2016
 
(c)
 
40 years
Shaw's Plaza North Windham, ME
 
5,988

 
1,876

 
6,696

 
—

 
1,876

 
6,696

 
8,572

 
94

 
2017
 
(a)
 
40 years
Lincoln Place Fairview Heights, IL
 
23,100

 
7,149

 
22,201

 
55

 
7,149

 
22,256

 
29,405

 
545

 
2017
 
(a)
 
40 years
Fund V:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Plaza Santa Fe Santa Fe, NM
 
—

 
—

 
28,214

 
—

 
—

 
28,214

 
28,214

 
452

 
2017
 
(a)
 
40 years
Hickory Ridge Hickory, NC
 
28,613

 
7,852

 
29,998

 
—

 
7,852

 
29,998

 
37,850

 
312

 
2017
 
(a)
 
40 years
New Towne Plaza Canton, MI
 
—

 
5,040

 
17,391

 
1

 
5,040

 
17,392

 
22,432

 
208

 
2017
 
(a)
 
40 years
Fairlane Green Allen Park, MI
 
—

 
18,121

 
37,626

 
—

 
18,121

 
37,626

 
55,747

 
—

 
2017
 
(a)
 
40 years
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Real Estate Under Development
 
47,061

 
88,108

 
31,473

 
54,122

 
88,108

 
85,594

 
173,702

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Debt of Assets Held for Sale
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Unamortized Loan Costs
 
(12,943
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Unamortized Premium
 
856

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
$
909,174

 
$
743,847

 
$
1,960,389

 
$
762,245

 
$
746,943

 
$
2,719,539

 
$
3,466,482

 
$
339,862

 
 
 
 
 
 

Notes:
1.
Depreciation on buildings and improvements reflected in the consolidated statements of income is calculated over the estimated useful life of the assets as follows: Buildings at 40 years and improvements at the shorter of lease term or useful life.
2.
The aggregate gross cost of property included above for Federal income tax purposes was approximately $3.4 billion as of December 31, 2017.
The following table reconciles the activity for real estate properties from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017 (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Balance at beginning of year
 
$
3,382,000

 
$
2,736,283

 
$
2,208,595

Other improvements
 
55,763

 
152,129

 
162,760

Property acquisitions
 
179,292

 
761,400

 
418,396

Property dispositions or held for sale assets
 
(189,895
)
 
(134,332
)
 
(66,359
)
Prior year purchase price allocation adjustments
 
—

 
(9,844
)
 
—

Deconsolidation of previously consolidated investments
 
—

 
(123,636
)
 
—

Consolidation of previously unconsolidated investments
 
39,322

 
—

 
12,891

Balance at end of year
 
$
3,466,482

 
$
3,382,000

 
$
2,736,283



 
108
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST
SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION


The following table reconciles accumulated depreciation from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017 (in thousands):
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Balance at beginning of year
 
$
287,066

 
$
298,703

 
$
256,015

Depreciation related to real estate
 
73,268

 
49,269

 
49,775

Property dispositions
 
(20,472
)
 
(27,829
)
 
(7,087
)
Deconsolidation of previously consolidated investments
 
—

 
(33,077
)
 
—

Balance at end of year
 
$
339,862

 
$
287,066

 
$
298,703



 
109
 

ACADIA REALTY TRUST
SCHEDULE IV - MORTGAGE LOANS ON REAL ESTATE


December 31, 2017
(in thousands)

Description
 
Effective
Interest Rate
 
Final Maturity Date
 
Face Amount of Notes Receivable
 
Net Carrying Amount of Notes Receivable as of December 31, 2017
First Mortgage Loan
 
6.0%
 
6/1/2018
 
$
15,000

 
$
15,000

First Mortgage Loan
 
LIBOR + 7.1%
 
6/25/2018
 
26,000

 
26,000

First Mortgage Loan
 
8.1%
 
4/30/2019
 
153,400

 
60,695

Zero Coupon Loan
 
2.5%
 
5/31/2020
 
29,793

 
31,778

Mezzanine Loan
 
18.0%
 
7/1/2020
 
3,007

 
5,106

Preferred Equity
 
15.3%
 
2/3/2021
 
14,000

 
15,250

Total
 
 
 
 
 
$
241,200

 
$
153,829


The Company monitors the credit quality of its notes receivable on an ongoing basis and considers indicators of credit quality such as loan payment activity, the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral, the seniority of the Company's loan in relation to other debt secured by the collateral, the personal guarantees of the borrower and the prospects of the borrower.

The following table reconciles the activity for loans on real estate from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017 (in thousands):
 
Reconciliation of Loans on Real Estate
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Balance at beginning of year
$
276,163

 
$
147,188

 
$
102,286

Additions
11,371

 
171,794

 
48,500

Disposition of air rights through issuance of notes
—

 
—

 
29,539

Repayments
(32,000
)
 
(42,819
)
 
(15,984
)
Conversion to real estate through receipt of deed or through foreclosure
(101,705
)
 
—

 
(13,386
)
Other
—

 
—

 
(3,767
)
Balance at end of year
$
153,829

 
$
276,163

 
$
147,188



 
110
 




ITEM 9.
CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES.

None.

ITEM 9A.
CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2017 to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of Acadia Realty Trust is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13(a)-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017 as required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13(a)-15(c). In making this assessment, we used the criteria set forth in the framework in Internal Control–Integrated Framework (2013 Framework) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “COSO criteria”). Based on our evaluation under the COSO criteria, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2017 to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

BDO USA, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm that audited our Financial Statements included in this Annual Report, has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, which appears in paragraph (b) of this Item 9A.

Acadia Realty Trust
Rye, New York
February 27, 2018

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

During the three months ended December 31, 2017, there were no changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting that materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and Board of Trustees of Acadia Realty Trust
Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Acadia Realty Trust and subsidiaries’ (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the “COSO criteria”). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes and schedules, and our report dated February 27, 2018, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 
111
 




Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsbile for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Item 9A, Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ BDO USA, LLP
New York, New York
February 27, 2018

ITEM 9B.
OTHER INFORMATION.

None.


 
112
 




PART III
In accordance with the rules of the SEC, certain information required by Part III is omitted and is incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K from our definitive proxy statement relating to our 2018 annual meeting of stockholders (our “2018 Proxy Statement”) that we intend to file with the SEC no later than April 30, 2018.

ITEM 10.
DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.

The information under the following headings in the 2018 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference:

•
“PROPOSAL 1 — ELECTION OF TRUSTEES”
•
“MANAGEMENT”
•
“SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE”

ITEM 11.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.

The information under the following headings in the 2018 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference:

•
“ACADIA REALTY TRUST COMPENSATION COMMITTEE REPORT”
•
“COMPENSATION DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS”
•
“BOARD OF TRUSTEES COMPENSATION”
•
“COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION”

ITEM 12.
SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT.

The information under the heading “SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT” in the 2018 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

The information under Item 5. of this Form 10-K under the heading “(c) Securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans” is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 13.
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.

The information under the following headings in the 2018 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference:

•
“CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS”
•
“PROPOSAL 1 — ELECTION OF TRUSTEES—Trustee Independence”

ITEM 14.
PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.

The information under the heading “AUDIT COMMITTEE INFORMATION” in the 2018 Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.


 
113
 




PART IV

ITEM 15.
EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.

1.
Financial Statements: See “Index to Financial Statements” at Item 8.
2.
Financial Statement Schedule: See “Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts” at Item 8.
3.
Financial Statement Schedule: See “Schedule III—Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation” at Item 8.
4.
Financial Statement Schedule: See “Schedule IV—Mortgage Loans on Real Estate” at Item 8.
5.
Exhibits: The index of exhibits below is incorporated herein by reference.

The following is an index to all exhibits including (i) those filed with this Annual Report on Form 10-K and (ii) those incorporated by reference herein:
Exhibit No.
Description
Method of Filing
Declaration of Trust of the Company
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2012.
First Amendment to Declaration of Trust of the Company
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2012.
Second Amendment to Declaration of Trust of the Company
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 3.3 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2012.
Third Amendment to Declaration of Trust of the Company
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 3.4 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2012.
3.5
Fourth Amendment to Declaration of Trust
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 3.1 (a) to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended September 30, 1998.
Fifth Amendment to Declaration of Trust
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 3.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended March 31, 2009.
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 18, 2013.
Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2014.
Articles Supplementary

Incorporated by reference to the copy therefore filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 9, 2017.
Amended and Restated Acadia Realty Trust 2006 Share Incentive Plan (a)
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Appendix A to the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed on April 5, 2012.
Certain information regarding the compensation arrangements with certain officers of registrant
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as to Item 5.02 of the registrant's Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 4, 2008.
Description of Long Term Investment Alignment Program
Incorporated by reference to page 20 to the Company’s 2009 Annual Proxy Statement filed with the SEC April 9, 2009.
10.4
Registration Rights and Lock-Up Agreement (RD Capital Transaction)
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 99.1 (a) to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed on March 3, 2000.
10.5
Contribution and Share Purchase Agreement dated as of April 15, 1998 among Mark Centers Trust, Mark Centers Limited Partnership, the Contributing Owners and Contributing Entities named therein, RD Properties, L.P. VI, RD Properties, L.P. VIA and RD Properties, L.P. VIB
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 8-K filed on April 20, 1998.

 
114
 




Exhibit No.
Description
Method of Filing
Amended and Restated Employment agreement between the Company and Kenneth F. Bernstein (a)
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 1, 2014.
Form of Amended and Restated Severance Agreement, effective as of February 26, 2018, with each of: Joel Braun, Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer; John Gottfried, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer; Jason Blacksberg, Senior Vice President, General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer and Secretary; Christopher Conlon, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer and Joseph M. Napolitano, Senior Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer (a)

Filed herewith.
Revolving Credit Agreement Dated as of November 21, 2012 by and among Acadia Strategic Opportunity Fund IV LLC as Borrower, Acadia Realty Acquisition IV LLC as Borrowers Managing Member, Acadia Realty Limited Partnership as Guarantor, Acadia Realty Trust as Guarantor General Partner, Acadia Investors IV Inc. as Pledgor and Bank of America, N.A. as Administrative Agent, Structuring Agent, Sole Bookrunner, Sole Lead Arranger, Letter of Credit Issuer, and Lender
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 10.23 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2012.
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of February 20, 2018, among Acadia Realty Limited Partnership, as the Borrower, and Acadia Realty Trust and Certain Subsidiaries of Acadia Realty Limited Partnership from time to time party thereto, as Guarantors, Bank of America, N.A., as Administrative Agent, Swing Line Lender, L/C Issuer, and as a Lender, PNC Bank, National Association and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as Co-Documentation Agents, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, as a Joint Lead Arranger and Sole Bookrunner and PNC Bank, National Association and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, as Joint Lead Arrangers
Filed herewith.
Agreement and Plan Of Merger Dated as of December 22, 2005 by and among Acadia Realty Acquisition I, LLC, Ara Btc LLC, ARA MS LLC, ARA BS LLC, ARA BC LLC and ARA BH LLC, Acadia Investors, Inc., AII BTC LLC, AII MS LLC, AII BS LLC, AII BC LLC And AII BH LLC, Samuel Ginsburg 2000 Trust Agreement #1, Martin Ginsburg 2000 Trust Agreement #1, Martin Ginsburg, Samuel Ginsburg and Adam Ginsburg, and GDC SMG, LLC, GDC Beechwood, LLC, Aspen Cove Apartments, LLC and SMG Celebration, LLC
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2006.
Form of Assignments and Assumptions of Carried Interest with respect to the Company's Long-Term Incentive Alignment Program
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended June 30, 2015.
Form of Omnibus Amendment to the Series of Assignments and Assumptions of Carried Interest with respect to the Company's Long-Term Incentive Alignment Program
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended June 30, 2015.
Form of 2018 Long-Term Incentive Plan Award Agreement (Time Based Only)
Filed herewith
Form of 2018 Long-Term Incentive Plan Award Agreement (Time and Performance Based)
Filed herewith

 
115
 




Exhibit No.
Description
Method of Filing
List of Subsidiaries of Acadia Realty Trust
Filed herewith
Consent of Registered Public Accounting Firm to incorporation by reference its reports into Forms S-3 and Forms S-8
Filed herewith
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Filed herewith
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Filed herewith
Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Filed herewith
Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
Filed herewith
99.1
Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Operating Partnership (not including immaterial amendments)
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 10.1 (c) to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed on March 3, 2000.
Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Operating Partnership
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended June 30, 2015.
Eighth Amendment to Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of the Operating Partnership
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 10.8 to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed on March 12, 2009.
99.4
Certificate of Designation of Series A Preferred Operating Partnership Units of Limited Partnership Interest of Acadia Realty Limited Partnership
Incorporated by reference to the copy thereof filed as Exhibit 99.5 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended June 30, 1997.
101.INS
XBRL Instance Document
Filed herewith
101.SCH
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
Filed herewith
101.CAL
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Document
Filed herewith
101.DEF
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Document
Filed herewith
101.LAB
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Document
Filed herewith
101.PRE
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Document
Filed herewith
__________

(a)
The referenced exhibit is a management contract or compensation plan or arrangement required to be filed as an exhibit pursuant to Item 15 (a)(3) of Form 10-K.

ITEM 16.
Form 10-K SUMMARY.

None.


 
116
 




SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized.
 
 
ACADIA REALTY TRUST
 
 
(Registrant)
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Kenneth F. Bernstein
 
 
Kenneth F. Bernstein
 
 
Chief Executive Officer,
 
 
President and Trustee
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ John Gottfried
 
 
John Gottfried
 
 
Senior Vice President and
 
 
Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
 
By:
/s/ Richard Hartmann
 
 
Richard Hartmann
 
 
Senior Vice President and
 
 
Chief Accounting Officer
Dated: February 27, 2018

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature
 
Title
 
Date
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Kenneth F. Bernstein
(Kenneth F. Bernstein)
 
Chief Executive Officer,
President and Trustee
(Principal Executive Officer)
 
February 27, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ John Gottfried
(John Gottfried)
 
Senior Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
 
February 27, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Richard Hartmann
(Richard Hartmann)
 
Senior Vice President
and Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
 
February 27, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Douglas Crocker II
(Douglas Crocker II)
 
Trustee
 
February 27, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Lorrence T. Kellar
(Lorrence T. Kellar)
 
Trustee
 
February 27, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Wendy Luscombe
(Wendy Luscombe)
 
Trustee
 
February 27, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ William T. Spitz
(William T. Spitz)
 
Trustee
 
February 27, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Lynn Thurber
(Lynn Thurber)
 
Trustee
 
February 27, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ Lee S. Wielansky
(Lee S. Wielansky)
 
Trustee
 
February 27, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ C. David Zoba
(C. David Zoba)
 
Trustee
 
February 27, 2018

 
117