Reserve for Property and Casualty Insurance Claims and Claims Expense (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2025

Reserve for Property-Liability Insurance Claims and Claims Expense [Abstract]

Schedule of Rollforward of the Reserve for Property and Casualty Insurance Claims and Claims Expense and Prior Year Reserve Re-Estimates Included in Claims and Claims Expense

Rollforward of the reserve for property and casualty insurance claims and claims expense
	Nine months ended September 30,
($ in millions)	2025		2024
Balance as of January 1	$	41,917	$	39,858
Less: recoverables (1)	8,602		8,396
Net balance as of January 1	33,315		31,462
Incurred claims and claims expense related to:
Current year	30,763		31,033
Prior years	(1,045)		(322)
Total incurred	29,718		30,711
Claims and claims expense paid related to:
Current year	(16,235)		(15,977)
Prior years	(12,688)		(12,181)
Total paid	(28,923)		(28,158)
Net balance as of September 30	34,110		34,015
Plus: recoverables	8,993		8,728
Balance as of September 30	$	43,103	$	42,743

(1)Recoverables comprises reinsurance and indemnification recoverables.

Prior year reserve reestimates included in claims and claims expense (1)
	Non-catastrophe losses				Catastrophe losses (2)				Total
($ in millions)	2025		2024		2025		2024		2025		2024
Three months ended September 30,
Auto (3)	$	(480)	$	(55)	$	(3)	$	(10)	$	(483)	$	(65)
Homeowners	(40)		(11)		(14)		(1)		(54)		(12)
Other personal lines	72		54		(6)		(3)		66		51
Commercial lines	(80)		1		(5)		—		(85)		1
Other business lines	(14)		(3)		—		—		(14)		(3)
Run-off Property-Liability (4)	146		59		—		—		146		59
Protection Services	—		1		—		—		—		1
Total prior year reserve reestimates	$	(396)	$	46	$	(28)	$	(14)	$	(424)	$	32
Nine months ended September 30,
Auto (3)	$	(1,133)	$	(293)	$	(30)	$	(26)	$	(1,163)	$	(319)
Homeowners	(35)		(114)		3		(278)		(32)		(392)
Other personal lines	153		169		(11)		(5)		142		164
Commercial lines	(104)		164		—		(5)		(104)		159
Other business lines	(39)		1		—		—		(39)		1
Run-off Property-Liability (4)	151		65		—		—		151		65
Protection Services	—		—		—		—		—		—
Total prior year reserve reestimates	$	(1,007)	$	(8)	$	(38)	$	(314)	$	(1,045)	$	(322)

(1)Reserve releases are shown in parentheses.

(2)The first nine months of 2025 includes $69 million of estimated recoveries related to the Nationwide Reinsurance Program aggregate cover for losses occurring between April 1, 2024 and December 31, 2024, and $54 million favorable subrogation settlements related to the 2021 Colorado Marshall Fire.

(3)Reserve releases primarily related to favorable severity development of $284 million and $565 million in personal auto injury coverage and $196 million and $568 million in personal auto physical damage coverage in the third quarter and first nine months of 2025, respectively.

(4)The Company’s 2025 and 2024 annual reserve reviews, using established industry and actuarial best practices, resulted in reserve reestimates that increased reserves by $146 million and $58 million, respectively.