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Reporting Segments
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2017
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Reporting Segments
Note 4
Reportable Segments
Beginning in fourth quarter 2017, the Company’s chief operating decision maker reviews financial performance and makes decisions about the allocation of resources based on the following seven reportable segments: Allstate Protection, Discontinued Lines and Coverages, Service Businesses, Allstate Life, Allstate Benefits, Allstate Annuities, and Corporate and Other. These segments are described below and align with the Company’s key product and service offerings, including the acquisition of SquareTrade and the strategic focus and expansion of Arity and other service businesses.
Allstate Protection principally offers private passenger auto and homeowners insurance in the United States and Canada, with earned premiums accounting for 82% of Allstate’s 2017 consolidated revenues. Allstate Protection is authorized to sell certain property and casualty products in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico and Canada. For 2017, the top U.S. geographic locations for premiums earned by the Allstate Protection segment were Texas, California, New York and Florida. No other jurisdiction accounted for more than 5% of premium earned for Allstate Protection. Revenues from external customers generated outside the United States were $1.11 billion, $1.06 billion and $1.03 billion in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
Discontinued Lines and Coverages includes property and casualty insurance coverage that primarily relates to policies written during the 1960s through the mid-1980s. Our exposure to asbestos, environmental and other discontinued lines claims arises principally from direct excess commercial insurance, assumed reinsurance coverage, direct primary commercial insurance and other businesses in run-off.
Service Businesses comprise SquareTrade, Arity, Allstate Roadside Services and Allstate Dealer Services and offer consumer product protection plans, device and mobile data collection services and analytic solutions, roadside assistance, and finance and insurance products (including vehicle service contracts, guaranteed asset protection waivers, road hazard tire and wheel and paintless dent repair protection). The Service Businesses primarily operate in the U.S., with certain businesses offering services in Europe, Canada and Puerto Rico. Revenues from external customers generated outside the United States relate to consumer product protection plans sold primarily in the European Union and were $35 million in 2017.
Allstate Life offers traditional, interest-sensitive and variable life insurance products. Allstate Life is authorized to sell life insurance products in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico. For 2017, the top geographic locations for statutory direct life insurance premiums were New York, California, Texas, Florida and Illinois. No other jurisdiction accounted for more than 5% of statutory direct life insurance premiums.
Allstate Benefits offers voluntary benefits products, including life, accident, critical illness, short-term disability and other health products. Allstate Benefits is authorized to sell its products in all 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam and Canada. For 2017, the top geographic locations for statutory direct accident and health insurance premiums were Florida, Texas, North Carolina and Georgia. No other jurisdiction accounted for more than 5% of statutory direct accident and health insurance premiums. Revenues from external customers generated outside the United States relate to voluntary accident and health insurance sold in Canada and were not material.
Allstate Annuities consists of deferred fixed annuities and immediate annuities (including standard and sub-standard structured settlements). This segment is in run-off. The Company also previously offered institutional products consisting of funding agreements sold to unaffiliated trusts that used them to back medium-term notes. There were no institutional products outstanding as of December 31, 2017 or 2016.
Corporate and Other comprises holding company activities and certain non-insurance operations.
Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages segments comprise Property-Liability. The Company does not allocate investment income, realized capital gains and losses, or assets to the Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages segments. Management reviews assets at the Property-Liability, Service Businesses, Allstate Life, Allstate Benefits, Allstate Annuities, and Corporate and Other levels for decision-making purposes.
The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 2. The effects of intersegment transactions are eliminated in the segment results, except for services provided by the Service Businesses to Allstate Protection that are not eliminated as management considers those transactions in assessing the results of the respective segments.
Measuring segment profit or loss
The measure of segment profit or loss used in evaluating performance is underwriting income for the Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages segments and adjusted net income for the Service Businesses, Allstate Life, Allstate Benefits, Allstate Annuities, and Corporate and Other segments. A reconciliation of these measures to net income applicable to common shareholders is provided below.
Underwriting income is calculated as premiums earned, less claims and claims expenses (“losses”), amortization of DAC, operating costs and expenses, and restructuring and related charges as determined using GAAP.
Adjusted net income is net income applicable to common shareholders, excluding:
• Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax, except for periodic settlements and accruals on non-hedge derivative instruments, which are reported with realized capital gains and losses but included in adjusted net income
• Valuation changes on embedded derivatives not hedged, after-tax

• Amortization of DAC and DSI, to the extent they resulted from the recognition of certain realized capital gains and losses or valuation changes on embedded derivatives not hedged, after-tax
•  Business combination expenses and the amortization of purchased intangible assets, after-tax
• Gain (loss) on disposition of operations, after-tax
• Adjustments for other significant non-recurring, infrequent or unusual items, when (a) the nature of the charge or gain is such that it is reasonably unlikely to recur within two years, or (b) there has been no similar charge or gain within the prior two years

Reportable segments revenue information
 
 
For the years ended December 31,

($ in millions)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Property-Liability
 
 
 
 
 
 
Insurance premiums
 
 
 
 
 
 
Auto
 
$
21,878

 
$
21,264

 
$
20,410

Homeowners
 
7,310

 
7,257

 
7,136

Other personal lines
 
1,750

 
1,700

 
1,692

Commercial lines
 
495

 
506

 
510

Allstate Protection
 
31,433

 
30,727

 
29,748

Discontinued Lines and Coverages
 
—

 
—

 
—

Total property-liability insurance premiums
 
31,433

 
30,727

 
29,748

Net investment income
 
1,478

 
1,253

 
1,226

Realized capital gains and losses
 
401

 
(6
)
 
(237
)
Total Property-Liability
 
33,312

 
31,974

 
30,737

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service Businesses
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consumer product protection plans
 
295

 
—

 
—

Roadside assistance
 
268

 
310

 
340

Finance and insurance products
 
304

 
270

 
221

Intersegment premiums and service fees (1)
 
110

 
105

 
42

Net investment income
 
16

 
13

 
11

Total Service Businesses
 
993

 
698

 
614

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allstate Life
 
 
 
 
 
 
Traditional life insurance premiums
 
568

 
533

 
505

Accident and health insurance premiums
 
2

 
2

 
2

Interest-sensitive life insurance contract charges
 
710

 
715

 
716

Net investment income
 
489

 
482

 
490

Realized capital gains and losses
 
5

 
(38
)
 
2

Total Allstate Life
 
1,774

 
1,694

 
1,715

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allstate Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
Traditional life insurance premiums
 
42

 
40

 
37

Accident and health insurance premiums
 
928

 
857

 
778

Interest-sensitive life insurance contract charges
 
114

 
114

 
106

Net investment income
 
72

 
71

 
71

Realized capital gains and losses
 
1

 
(5
)
 
1

Total Allstate Benefits
 
1,157

 
1,077

 
993

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allstate Annuities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fixed annuities contract charges
 
14

 
14

 
14

Net investment income
 
1,305

 
1,181

 
1,323

Realized capital gains and losses
 
44

 
(38
)
 
264

Total Allstate Annuities
 
1,363

 
1,157

 
1,601

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate and Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net investment income
 
41

 
42

 
35

Realized capital gains and losses
 
(6
)
 
(3
)
 
—

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Corporate and Other
 
35

 
39

 
35

Intersegment eliminations (1)
 
(110
)
 
(105
)
 
(42
)
Consolidated revenues
 
$
38,524

 
$
36,534

 
$
35,653


(1) Intersegment insurance premiums and service fees are primarily related to Arity and Allstate Roadside Services and are eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

Reportable segments financial performance
 
 
For the years ended December 31,
($ in millions)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Property-Liability
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allstate Protection
 
$
2,111

 
$
1,327

 
$
1,621

Discontinued Lines and Coverages
 
(99
)
 
(107
)
 
(55
)
Total underwriting income
 
2,012

 
1,220

 
1,566

Net investment income
 
1,478

 
1,253

 
1,226

Income tax expense on operations
 
(1,119
)
 
(812
)
 
(922
)
Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax
 
272

 
—

 
(154
)
Gain on disposition of operations, after-tax
 
9

 
—

 
—

Change in accounting for investments in qualified affordable housing projects
 
—

 
—

 
(28
)
Tax Legislation expense
 
(65
)
 
—

 
—

Property-Liability net income applicable to common shareholders
 
2,587

 
1,661

 
1,688

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service Businesses
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted net (loss) income
 
(59
)
 
3

 
2

Amortization of purchased intangible assets, after-tax
 
(60
)
 
—

 
—

Tax Legislation benefit
 
134

 
—

 
—

Service Businesses net income applicable to common shareholders
 
15

 
3

 
2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allstate Life
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted net income
 
253

 
247

 
239

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax
 
2

 
(24
)
 
1

DAC and DSI amortization related to realized capital gains and losses, after-tax
 
(10
)
 
(4
)
 
(4
)
Loss on disposition of operations, after-tax
 
—

 
—

 
(1
)
Change in accounting for investments in qualified affordable housing projects
 
—

 
—

 
(6
)
Tax Legislation benefit

 
332

 
—

 
—

Allstate Life net income applicable to common shareholders
 
577

 
219

 
229

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allstate Benefits
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted net income
 
95

 
100

 
104

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax
 
—

 
(4
)
 
—

Tax Legislation benefit

 
51

 
—

 
—

Allstate Benefits net income applicable to common shareholders
 
146

 
96

 
104

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Allstate Annuities
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted net income
 
204

 
101

 
166

Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax
 
28

 
(26
)
 
172

Valuation changes on embedded derivatives not hedged, after-tax
 
—

 
(2
)
 
(1
)
DAC and DSI amortization related to realized capital gains and losses and valuation changes on embedded derivatives not hedged, after-tax
 
—

 
—

 
1

Gain on disposition of operations, after-tax
 
4

 
3

 
3

Change in accounting for investments in qualified affordable housing projects
 
—

 
—

 
(11
)
Tax Legislation benefit

 
182

 
—

 
—

Allstate Annuities net income applicable to common shareholders
 
418

 
76

 
330

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate and Other
 
 
 
 
 
 
Adjusted net loss
 
(399
)
 
(292
)
 
(298
)
Realized capital gains and losses, after-tax
 
(4
)
 
(2
)
 
—

Goodwill impairment
 
(125
)
 
—

 
—

Business combination expenses, after-tax
 
(14
)
 
—

 
—

Tax Legislation expense
 
(128
)
 
—

 
—

Corporate and Other net loss applicable to common shareholders
 
(670
)
 
(294
)
 
(298
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated net income applicable to common shareholders
 
$
3,073

 
$
1,761

 
$
2,055



Additional significant financial performance data
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the years ended December 31,
($ in millions)
 
2017
 
2016
 
2015
Amortization of DAC
 
 
 
 
 
 
Property-Liability
 
$
4,205

 
$
4,053

 
$
3,933

Service Businesses
 
296

 
214

 
169

Allstate Life
 
134

 
131

 
133

Allstate Benefits
 
142

 
145

 
124

Allstate Annuities
 
7

 
7

 
5

Consolidated
 
$
4,784

 
$
4,550

 
$
4,364

​
 
​
 
​
 
​
Income tax expense (benefit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Property-Liability
 
$
1,318

 
$
806

 
$
867

Service Businesses
 
(193
)
 
—

 
2

Allstate Life
 
(224
)
 
91

 
108

Allstate Benefits
 
1

 
51

 
55

Allstate Annuities
 
(58
)
 
36

 
188

Corporate and Other
 
(42
)
 
(107
)
 
(109
)
Consolidated
 
$
802

 
$
877

 
$
1,111

Impacts of Tax Legislation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For the year ended December 31, 2017
($ in millions)
 
Income tax expense (benefit) before Tax Legislation
 
Tax Legislation expense (benefit)
 
Income tax expense (benefit) after Tax Legislation
Income tax expense (benefit)
 
 
 
 
 
 
Property-Liability
 
$
1,253

 
$
65

 
$
1,318

Service Businesses
 
(59
)
 
(134
)
 
(193
)
Allstate Life
 
108

 
(332
)
 
(224
)
Allstate Benefits
 
52

 
(51
)
 
1

Allstate Annuities
 
124

 
(182
)
 
(58
)
Corporate and Other
 
(170
)
 
128

 
(42
)
Consolidated
 
$
1,308

 
$
(506
)
 
$
802


Interest expense is primarily incurred in the Corporate and Other segment. Capital expenditures for long-lived assets are generally made in Property-Liability as the Company does not allocate assets to the Allstate Protection and Discontinued Lines and Coverages segments. A portion of these long-lived assets are used by entities included in the Service Businesses, Allstate Life, Allstate Benefits, Allstate Annuities and Corporate and Other segments and, accordingly, are charged to expenses in proportion to their use.
Reportable segment total assets and investments as of December 31, 2017 (1)
 
 
($ in millions)
 
 
Assets (2)
 
 
Property-Liability
 
$
60,197

Service Businesses
 
4,531

Allstate Life
 
14,107

Allstate Benefits
 
2,766

Allstate Annuities
 
28,836

Corporate and Other
 
1,985

Consolidated
 
$
112,422

​
 
​
Investments (3)
 
 
Property-Liability
 
$
43,183

Service Businesses
 
954

Allstate Life
 
11,210

Allstate Benefits
 
1,776

Allstate Annuities
 
23,722

Corporate and Other
 
1,958

Consolidated
 
$
82,803


(1) 
The balances above reflect the elimination of related party investments between segments.
(2) 
Due to the changes in reportable segments, prior year total assets are not available for the new segments as it was impracticable to calculate. Total assets for previously reported Property-Liability, Allstate Financial, and Corporate and Other segments were $60.39 billion, $45.95 billion and $2.27 billion as of December 31, 2016, respectively, and $55.67 billion, $46.34 billion and $2.64 billion as of December 31, 2015, respectively.
(3) 
Due to the changes in reportable segments, prior year investments balances are not available for the new segments as it was impracticable to calculate. Total investments for previously reported Property-Liability, Allstate Financial, and Corporate and Other segments were $42.72 billion, $36.84 billion and $2.24 billion as of December 31, 2016, respectively, and $38.48 billion, $36.79 billion and $2.49 billion as of December 31, 2015, respectively.