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Income Tax
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]
Income Tax

The provision for income tax expense differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax statutory rate of 21.0% to pre-tax income as a result of the following for the three and six months ended June 30, 2019 and 2018, respectively (dollars in thousands):
 
 
Three months ended June 30,
 
Six months ended June 30,
 
 
2019
 
2018
 
2019
 
2018
Tax provision at U.S. statutory rate
 
$
54,616

 
$
51,931

 
$
100,095

 
$
80,895

Increase (decrease) in income taxes resulting from:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Tax Reform provisional adjustments
 
—

 
(4,314
)
 
—

 
(3,539
)
Foreign tax rate differing from U.S. tax rate
 
627

 
(330
)
 
1,292

 
1,103

Differences in tax bases in foreign jurisdictions
 
(5,997
)
 
(1,132
)
 
(21,076
)
 
(6,892
)
Deferred tax valuation allowance
 
4,662

 
3,079

 
23,207

 
10,501

Amounts related to tax audit contingencies
 
2,404

 
(2,036
)
 
2,964

 
(1,201
)
Corporate rate changes
 
94

 
145

 
(1,737
)
 
417

Subpart F
 
301

 
(348
)
 
466

 
310

Foreign tax credits
 
(415
)
 
113

 
(107
)
 
(459
)
Global intangible low-taxed income, net of credit
 
—

 
(119
)
 
—

 
4,291

Equity compensation excess benefit
 
(3,694
)
 
(3,135
)
 
(5,155
)
 
(4,250
)
Return to provision adjustments
 
3,376

 
(503
)
 
3,596

 
(139
)
Other, net
 
1,405

 
(437
)
 
891

 
(428
)
Total provision for income taxes
 
$
57,379

 
$
42,914

 
$
104,436

 
$
80,609

Effective tax rate
 
22.1
%
 
17.4
%
 
21.9
%
 
20.9
%

The effective tax rates for the second quarter and first six months of 2019 were higher than the U.S. Statutory rate of 21.0% primarily as a result of valuation allowances established on losses in foreign jurisdictions, accrual of uncertain tax positions, and return to provision adjustments. These expenses were partially offset by benefits from differences in bases in foreign jurisdictions and excess tax benefits related to equity compensation.
The effective tax rates for the second quarter and first six months of 2018 were lower than the U.S. Statutory rate of 21.0% primarily as a result of U.S. Tax Reform related adjustments, the effective settlement of an uncertain tax position, benefits from differences in bases in foreign jurisdictions and excess tax benefits related to equity compensation. These benefits were partially offset by valuation allowances established on losses in foreign jurisdictions.