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Stockholders' Equity - Stock Option Activity and Related Share-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($)
$ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Millions
12 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2021
Jul. 31, 2020
Jul. 31, 2019
Summary of stock option activity, number of shares      
Number of shares, beginning balance (in shares) 2,681 3,374 5,154
Granted (in shares) 323 382 487
Exercised (in shares) (718) (993) (1,924)
Canceled or expired (in shares) (82) (82) (343)
Number of shares, ending balance (in shares) 2,204 2,681 3,374
Weighted Average Exercise Price Per Share      
Weighted average exercise price per share, Beginning Balance (in dollars per share) $ 185.83 $ 150.75 $ 120.26
Granted (in dollars per share) 525.51 303.94 274.26
Exercised (in dollars per share) 128.39 111.82 102.49
Canceled or expired (in dollars per share) 264.53 188.39 138.59
Weighted average exercise price per share, Ending Balance (in dollars per share) $ 251.48 $ 185.83 $ 150.75
Stock Options Outstanding      
Number of shares (in thousands), options outstanding (in shares) 2,204 2,681 3,374
Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years), options outstanding 4 years 3 months 29 days    
Weighted average exercise price per share, options outstanding (in dollars per share) $ 251.48 $ 185.83 $ 150.75
Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions), options outstanding $ 614    
Number of shares (in thousands), options exercisable (in shares) 1,358    
Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years) options exercisable 3 years 3 months 21 days    
Weighted average exercise price per share, options exercisable (in dollars per share) $ 173.90    
Aggregate intrinsic value (in millions), options exercisable $ 483    
Market price of common stock (in dollars per share) $ 529.97    
Additional information on stock options and ESPP shares      
Weighted average fair value of options granted (in dollars per share) $ 122.16 $ 74.85 $ 63.18
Total grant date fair value of options vested $ 17 $ 23 $ 30
Aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised 179 159 248
Total tax benefit for stock option and ESPP share-based compensation 269 173 200
Cash received from option exercises 92 111 197
Cash tax benefits realized related to tax deductions for non-qualified option exercises and disqualifying dispositions under all share-based payment arrangements 48 39 58
Stock Options And Espp      
Additional information on stock options and ESPP shares      
Share-based compensation expense for stock options and ESPP 45 53 50
Total tax benefit for stock option and ESPP share-based compensation 44 $ 39 $ 59
Employee Stock Option      
Additional information on stock options and ESPP shares      
Unrecognized compensation cost $ 75    
Weighted average vesting period 3 years 3 months 18 days