INCOME TAXES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

The tax provision for interim periods is determined using the estimated annual effective consolidated tax rate, based on the current estimate of full-year earnings and related estimated full year-taxes, adjusted for the impact of discrete quarterly items.

The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s Model Global Anti-Base Erosion rules under Pillar Two have been enacted by various countries beginning in 2024. These enacted laws relate to the Pillar Two safe harbors, Income Inclusion Rule, Qualified Domestic Minimum Tax, and the Undertaxed Profits Rule for 2025. We have analyzed the provisions in the applicable jurisdictions and provided for the appropriate tax amounts. We do not expect a material impact for 2025.

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively, was 25.8% and 20.5%. The higher effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2025 reflects the estimated impact of the temporary 2025 surtax enacted in France during the quarter and lower tax benefits from share-based compensation. The tax rate for 2024 also reflects tax incentives in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions from intellectual property development activities.