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Postretirement benefits (Tables)
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2018
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]  
Schedule of Net Benefit Costs [Table Text Block]
9. Postretirement benefits

The components of net pension and other postretirement benefit costs (benefits) reflected in Net income in the Consolidated statements of operations were as follows:
 
Pension Benefits
 
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
 
2018
 
 
2017
 
 
2018

 
2017

Three Months Ended March 31
U.S. Plans

 
Non-U.S. Plans

 
U.S. Plans

 
Non-U.S. Plans

 
 
 
 
(in millions of U.S. dollars)
 
 
 
 
Service cost
$
14

 
$
3

 
$
16

 
$
4

 
$
—

 
$
—

Interest cost
26

 
7

 
26

 
7

 
1

 
1

Expected return on plan assets
(53
)
 
(13
)
 
(47
)
 
(10
)
 
(1
)
 
(1
)
Amortization of prior service cost
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(21
)
 
(23
)
Net periodic (benefit) cost
$
(13
)
 
$
(3
)
 
$
(5
)
 
$
1

 
$
(21
)
 
$
(23
)