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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
 Weighted Average  
December 31,Depreciation Rate20232022
(millions of Canadian dollars)   
Pipelines2.9 %66,698 66,528 
Facilities and equipment3.1 %37,634 37,028 
Land and right-of-way1
2.3 %3,600 3,637 
Gas mains, services and other2.6 %15,346 14,491 
Storage2.5 %4,929 3,477 
Wind turbines, solar panels and other4.1 %4,511 4,912 
Other10.1 %1,652 1,611 
Under construction— %2,829 2,316 
Total property, plant and equipment 137,199 134,000 
Total accumulated depreciation(32,558)(29,540)
Property, plant and equipment, net 104,641 104,460 
1The measurement of weighted average depreciation rate excludes non-depreciable assets.

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $4.0 billion, $3.8 billion and $3.5 billion, respectively.

IMPAIRMENT
Chapman Ranch Wind Farm
Chapman Ranch Wind Farm (Chapman Ranch) is experiencing financial challenges associated with the original equipment integrity. As a result, we have recognized an impairment loss of $251 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is included in Impairment of long-lived assets in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings and is part of our Renewable Power Generation segment.
Magic Valley Wind Farm
In 2022, Magic Valley Wind Farm (Magic Valley) had commercial challenges caused by electricity transmission congestion and a negative price differential arising from higher transmission costs resulting in a lower electricity sale price. As a result, we recognized an impairment loss of $227 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, which is included in Impairment of long-lived assets in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings and is part of our Renewable Power Generation segment.

Bakken Pipeline System
For the year ended December 31, 2022, we recognized an impairment loss of $183 million on the US and Canadian components of the interstate pipeline transportation system within the North Dakota System of our Bakken Pipeline System in connection with the expiration of certain long-term take-or-pay contracts in 2023. This loss is included in Impairment of long-lived assets in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings and is part of our Liquids Pipelines segment.

Impairment charges were based on the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeded fair value, determined using expected discounted future cash flows.