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RISK MANAGEMENT AND FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position Location And Carrying Value of Derivative Instruments

The following table summarizes the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position location and carrying value of our derivative instruments, as well as the maximum potential settlement amounts in the event of the specific circumstances described above. All amounts are presented gross in the Consolidated Statements of Financial Position.


December 31, 2022	Derivative Instruments Used as Cash Flow Hedges	Derivative Instruments Used as Fair Value Hedges	Non- Qualifying Derivative Instruments	Total Gross Derivative Instruments as Presented	Amounts Available for Offset	Total Net Derivative Instruments
(millions of Canadian dollars)
Accounts receivable and other
Foreign exchange contracts	—	—	46	46	(41)	5
Interest rate contracts	649	—	11	660	—	660
Commodity contracts	—	—	302	302	(182)	120
Other contracts	—	—	7	7	—	7
	649	—	366	1,015	(223)	792
Deferred amounts and other assets
Foreign exchange contracts	—	156	153	309	(138)	171
Interest rate contracts	254	—	—	254	—	254
Commodity contracts	—	—	61	61	(25)	36
Other contracts	1	—	2	3	—	3
	255	156	216	627	(163)	464
Accounts payable and other
Foreign exchange contracts	—	(42)	(524)	(566)	41	(525)

Commodity contracts	(48)	—	(284)	(332)	182	(150)

	(48)	(42)	(808)	(898)	223	(675)
Other long-term liabilities
Foreign exchange contracts	—	—	(1,116)	(1,116)	138	(978)
Interest rate contracts	(3)	—	(1)	(4)	—	(4)
Commodity contracts	(37)	—	(133)	(170)	25	(145)

	(40)	—	(1,250)	(1,290)	163	(1,127)
Total net derivative asset/(liability)
Foreign exchange contracts	—	114	(1,441)	(1,327)	—	(1,327)
Interest rate contracts	900	—	10	910	—	910
Commodity contracts	(85)	—	(54)	(139)	—	(139)
Other contracts	1	—	9	10	—	10
	816	114	(1,476)	(546)	—	(546)


December 31, 2021	Derivative Instruments Used as Cash Flow Hedges	Derivative Instruments Used as Fair Value Hedges	Non- Qualifying Derivative Instruments	Total Gross Derivative Instruments as Presented	Amounts Available for Offset	Total Net Derivative Instruments
(millions of Canadian dollars)
Accounts receivable and other
Foreign exchange contracts	—	—	259	259	(41)	218
Interest rate contracts	64	—	—	64	—	64
Commodity contracts	—	—	204	204	(129)	75
Other contracts	—	—	2	2	—	2
	64	—	465	529	(170)	359
Deferred amounts and other assets
Foreign exchange contracts	—	—	240	240	(61)	179
Interest rate contracts	88	—	—	88	(1)	87
Commodity contracts	—	—	29	29	(13)	16
Other contracts	—	—	3	3	—	3
	88	—	272	360	(75)	285
Accounts payable and other
Foreign exchange contracts	(15)	(112)	(176)	(303)	41	(262)
Interest rate contracts	(150)	—	—	(150)	—	(150)
Commodity contracts	(14)	—	(250)	(264)	129	(135)

	(179)	(112)	(426)	(717)	170	(547)
Other long-term liabilities
Foreign exchange contracts	—	—	(423)	(423)	61	(362)
Interest rate contracts	(1)	—	(23)	(24)	1	(23)
Commodity contracts	(17)	—	(67)	(84)	13	(71)

	(18)	—	(513)	(531)	75	(456)
Total net derivative asset/(liability)
Foreign exchange contracts	(15)	(112)	(100)	(227)	—	(227)
Interest rate contracts	1	—	(23)	(22)	—	(22)
Commodity contracts	(31)	—	(84)	(115)	—	(115)
Other contracts	—	—	5	5	—	5
	(45)	(112)	(202)	(359)	—	(359)

Schedule of The Maturity And Notional Principal or Quantity Outstanding Related to Derivative Instruments

The following table summarizes the maturity and notional principal or quantity outstanding related to our derivative instruments.


	2022								2021
As at December 31,	2023	2024	2025	2026	2027	Thereafter	Total		Total
Foreign exchange contracts - US dollar forwards - purchase (millions of US dollars)	655	1,000	500	—	—	—	2,155		2,508
Foreign exchange contracts - US dollar forwards - sell (millions of US dollars)	8,297	6,386	4,613	4,121	2,837	1,356	27,610		25,427
Foreign exchange contracts - British pound (GBP) forwards - sell (millions of GBP)	29	30	30	28	32	—	149		177
Foreign exchange contracts - Euro forwards - sell (millions of Euro)	92	91	86	85	81	262	697		801
Foreign exchange contracts - Japanese yen forwards - purchase (millions of yen)	—	—	84,800	—	—	—	84,800		72,500
Interest rate contracts - short-term pay fixed rate (millions of Canadian dollars)	8,698	538	30	26	25	39	9,356		597
Interest rate contracts - long-term pay fixed rate (millions of Canadian dollars)	5,496	1,766	589	—	—	—	7,851		5,279
Equity contracts (millions of Canadian dollars)	37	31	12	—	—	—	80		67
Commodity contracts - natural gas (billions of cubic feet)	52	25	15	1	—	—	93		199
Commodity contracts - crude oil (millions of barrels)	16	—	—	—	—	—	16		12

Commodity contracts - power (megawatt per hour (MW/H))	26	(25)	(44)	—	—	—	(14)	1	(43)	1

1Total is an average net purchase/(sell) of power.

Schedule of Effect of Cash Flow Hedges and Net Investment Hedges on Consolidated Earnings and Consolidated Comprehensive Income, Before Income Taxes

The following table presents the effect of cash flow hedges and net investment hedges on our consolidated earnings and consolidated comprehensive income, before the effect of income taxes:


	2022	2021	2020
(millions of Canadian dollars)
Amount of unrealized gain/(loss) recognized in OCI
Cash flow hedges
Foreign exchange contracts	3	(29)	(1)
Interest rate contracts	1,151	252	(595)
Commodity contracts	(53)	(28)	2
Other contracts	(4)	1	(3)
Fair value hedges
Foreign exchange contracts	(35)	(5)	5
Net investment hedges
Foreign exchange contracts	—	—	13
	1,062	191	(579)
Amount of (gain)/loss reclassified from AOCI to earnings
Foreign exchange contracts1	13	5	5
Interest rate contracts2	186	296	253
Commodity contracts3	—	1	—
Other contracts3	4	2	(2)
	203	304	256

1Reported within Transportation and other services revenues and Other income/(expense) in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

2Reported within Interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

3Reported within Operating and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Schedule of Unrealized Gains and Losses Associated With Changes in The Fair Value of Non-Qualifying Derivatives

The following table presents the unrealized gains and losses associated with changes in the fair value of our non-qualifying derivatives:


Year ended December 31,	2022	2021	2020
(millions of Canadian dollars)
Foreign exchange contracts1	(1,344)	92	902
Interest rate contracts2	10	2	(25)
Commodity contracts3	50	71	(114)
Other contracts4	4	8	(7)
Total unrealized derivative fair value gain/(loss), net	(1,280)	173	756

1For the respective annual periods, reported within Transportation and other services revenue (2022 - $238 million loss; 2021 - $98 million gain; 2020 - $533 million gain) and Other income/(expense) (2022 - $1,106 million loss; 2021 - $6 million loss; 2020 - $369 million gain) in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

2Reported as an increase within Interest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

3For the respective annual periods, reported within Transportation and other services revenue (2022 - $13 million gain; 2021 - $9 million gain; 2020 - $2 million loss), Commodity sales (2022 - $89 million gain; 2021 - $160 million gain; 2020 - $321 million loss), Commodity costs (2022 - $102 million loss; 2021 - $105 million loss; 2020 - $207 million gain) and Operating and administrative expense (2022 - $50 million gain; 2021 - $7 million gain; 2020 - $2 million gain) in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

4Reported within Operating and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings

Schedule of Group Credit Concentrations and Maximum Credit Exposure, With Respect to Derivative Instruments

We have credit concentrations and credit exposure, with respect to derivative instruments, in the following counterparty segments:


December 31,	2022	2021
(millions of Canadian dollars)
Canadian financial institutions	644	424
US financial institutions	277	130
European financial institutions	334	181
Asian financial institutions	224	30
Other1	105	122
	1,584	887

1Other is comprised of commodity clearing house and physical natural gas and crude oil counterparties.

Schedule of Derivative Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value

We have categorized our derivative assets and liabilities measured at fair value as follows:


December 31, 2022	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Total Gross Derivative Instruments
(millions of Canadian dollars)
Financial assets
Current derivative assets
Foreign exchange contracts	—	46	—	46
Interest rate contracts	—	660	—	660
Commodity contracts	65	90	147	302
Other contracts	—	7	—	7
	65	803	147	1,015
Long-term derivative assets
Foreign exchange contracts	—	309	—	309
Interest rate contracts	—	254	—	254
Commodity contracts	—	17	44	61
Other contracts	—	3	—	3
	—	583	44	627
Financial liabilities
Current derivative liabilities
Foreign exchange contracts	—	(566)	—	(566)

Commodity contracts	(60)	(77)	(195)	(332)

	(60)	(643)	(195)	(898)
Long-term derivative liabilities
Foreign exchange contracts	—	(1,116)	—	(1,116)
Interest rate contracts	—	(4)	—	(4)
Commodity contracts	—	(38)	(132)	(170)

	—	(1,158)	(132)	(1,290)
Total net financial asset/(liability)
Foreign exchange contracts	—	(1,327)	—	(1,327)
Interest rate contracts	—	910	—	910
Commodity contracts	5	(8)	(136)	(139)
Other contracts	—	10	—	10
	5	(415)	(136)	(546)


December 31, 2021	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3	Total Gross Derivative Instruments
(millions of Canadian dollars)
Financial assets
Current derivative assets
Foreign exchange contracts	—	259	—	259
Interest rate contracts	—	64	—	64
Commodity contracts	38	71	95	204
Other contracts	—	2	—	2
	38	396	95	529
Long-term derivative assets
Foreign exchange contracts	—	240	—	240
Interest rate contracts	—	88	—	88
Commodity contracts	—	21	8	29
Other contracts	—	3	—	3
	—	352	8	360
Financial liabilities
Current derivative liabilities
Foreign exchange contracts	—	(303)	—	(303)
Interest rate contracts	—	(150)	—	(150)
Commodity contracts	(52)	(66)	(146)	(264)

	(52)	(519)	(146)	(717)
Long-term derivative liabilities
Foreign exchange contracts	—	(423)	—	(423)
Interest rate contracts	—	(24)	—	(24)
Commodity contracts	—	(19)	(65)	(84)

	—	(466)	(65)	(531)
Total net financial asset/(liability)
Foreign exchange contracts	—	(227)	—	(227)
Interest rate contracts	—	(22)	—	(22)
Commodity contracts	(14)	7	(108)	(115)
Other contracts	—	5	—	5
	(14)	(237)	(108)	(359)

Schedule of Significant Unobservable Inputs Used in The Fair Value Measurement of Level 3 Derivative Instruments

The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of Level 3 derivative instruments were as follows:


December 31, 2022	Fair Value	Unobservable Input	Minimum Price	Maximum Price	Weighted Average Price	Unit of Measurement
(fair value in millions of Canadian dollars)
Commodity contracts - financial1
Natural gas	(35)	Forward gas price	4.57	34.56	6.25	$/mmbtu2
Crude	(4)	Forward crude price	71.10	105.22	83.26	$/barrel

Power	(71)	Forward power price	36.63	364.00	103.30	$/MW/H
Commodity contracts - physical1
Natural gas	(41)	Forward gas price	1.67	33.89	6.00	$/mmbtu2
Crude	(2)	Forward crude price	64.43	116.60	86.25	$/barrel

Power	17	Forward power price	30.49	183.88	72.48	$/MW/H
	(136)

1Financial and physical forward commodity contracts are valued using a market approach valuation technique.

2One million British thermal units (mmbtu).

Schedule of Changes in Net Fair Value of Derivative Assets and Liabilities Classified as Level 3 in the Fair Value Hierarchy

Changes in net fair value of derivative assets and liabilities classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy were as follows:


Year ended December 31,	2022	2021
(millions of Canadian dollars)
Level 3 net derivative liability at beginning of period	(108)	(191)
Total gain/(loss)
Included in earnings1	6	(39)
Included in OCI	(54)	(29)
Settlements	20	151
Level 3 net derivative liability at end of period	(136)	(108)

1Reported within Transportation and other services revenues, Commodity costs and Operating and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of financial instruments measured at fair value, including those classified in shareholders' equity measured on a recurring or nonrecurring basis. Disclosures include, but are not limited to, fair value measurements recorded and the reasons for the measurements, level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements are categorized and transfers between levels 1 and 2. Nonrecurring fair value measurements are those that are required or permitted in the statement of financial position in particular circumstances.

+ References + Details

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of all significant concentrations of risk, including credit risk and market risk, arising from all financial instruments (as defined), whether from an individual counterparty or groups of counterparties. The disclosure concerning concentrations of risk may consist of the following information: (1) for concentrations of credit risk disclosure may include: (a) information about the (shared) activity, region, or economic characteristic that identifies the concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss due to credit risk that, based on the gross fair value of the financial instrument, the entity would incur if parties to the financial instruments that make up the concentration failed completely to perform according to the terms of the contracts and the collateral or other security, if any, for the amount due proved to be of no value to the entity, (c) the policy of requiring collateral or other security to support financial instruments subject to credit risk, information about the entity's access to that collateral or other security, and the nature and a brief description of the collateral or other security supporting those financial instruments, and (d) the policy of entering into master netting arrangements to mitigate the credit risk of financial instruments, information about the arrangements for which the entity is a party, and a brief description of the terms of those arrangements, including the extent to which they would reduce the entity's maximum amount of loss due to credit risk and (2) for disclosure of quantitative information about the market risks of financial instruments that is consistent with the way the company manages or adjusts those risks, disclosure may include: (a) more details about current positions and perhaps activity during the period, (b) the hypothetical effects on comprehensive income (or net assets), or annual income, of several possible changes in market prices, (c) a gap analysis of interest rate re-pricing or maturity dates, (d) the duration of the financial instruments, (e) the entity's value at risk from derivatives and from other positions at the end of the reporting period and the average value at risk during the year, or (f) other ways of reporting quantitative information as internally developed.

+ References + Details