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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]  
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
 Weighted Average  
December 31,Depreciation Rate20222021
(millions of Canadian dollars)   
Pipelines2.9 %66,528 62,997 
Facilities and equipment3.5 %37,028 34,331 
Land and right-of-way1
2.2 %3,637 3,320 
Gas mains, services and other2.6 %14,491 13,606 
Storage2.3 %3,477 3,099 
Wind turbines, solar panels and other4.1 %4,912 4,912 
Other8.5 %1,611 1,507 
Under construction— %2,316 2,268 
Total property, plant and equipment 134,000 126,040 
Total accumulated depreciation(29,540)(25,973)
Property, plant and equipment, net 104,460 100,067 
1The measurement of weighted average depreciation rate excludes non-depreciable assets.

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 was $3.8 billion, $3.5 billion and $3.4 billion, respectively.

IMPAIRMENT
Magic Valley Wind Farm
Magic Valley Wind Farm (Magic Valley) has commercial challenges caused by electricity transmission congestion and a negative price differential arising from higher transmission costs resulting in a lower electricity sale price. As a result, we have recognized an impairment loss of $227 million to our investment in Magic Valley, which is included in Impairment of long-lived assets in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings and is part of our Renewable Power Generation segment.

Bakken Pipeline System
The Bakken Pipeline System currently has long-term take-or-pay contracts that are set to expire in 2023. In connection with the upcoming expiration of the contracts, we have recognized an impairment loss of $183 million on the US and Canadian components of the interstate pipeline transportation system within the North Dakota System of our Bakken System, which is included in Impairment of long-lived assets in the Consolidated Statements of Earnings and is part of our Liquids Pipelines segment.

Impairment charges were based on the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeded fair value, determined using expected discounted future cash flows.