FWP 1 dp166330_fwp-ps3843pre.htm FORM FWP

 

February 2022

Preliminary Terms No. 3,843

Registration Statement Nos. 333-250103; 333-250103-01

Dated February 1, 2022

Filed pursuant to Rule 433

Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Structured Investments 

Opportunities in U.S. and International Equities

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside 

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023

Fully and Unconditionally Guaranteed by Morgan Stanley 

§Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF (the “underlying”)

§The securities offered are unsecured obligations of Morgan Stanley Finance LLC (“MSFL”) and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Morgan Stanley. The securities will pay no interest, provide for a payment at maturity that may be significantly less than the face amount and have the terms described in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS and prospectus, as supplemented or modified by this document.  At maturity:

§If the price of the underlying has increased, investors will receive the face amount plus a positive return equal to 150% of the percentage increase in the price of the underlying from the starting price, subject to a maximum return at maturity of at least 28% (to be determined on the pricing date) of the face amount. As a result of the maximum return, the maximum maturity payment amount will be at least $1,280 per security

§If the price of the underlying has decreased, but the underlying has not decreased by more than 12.50%, investors will receive the face amount

§If the underlying has decreased by more than 12.50%, investors will have 1-to-1 downside exposure to the decrease in the price of the underlying from the starting price in excess of 12.50%

§Investors may lose up to 87.50% of the face amount of the securities

§The ARK Innovation ETF is actively managed and is subject to certain risks. Unlike a passively managed fund, an actively managed fund, such as the ARK Innovation ETF, does not attempt to track an index or other benchmark, and the investment decisions for an actively managed fund are instead made by its investment adviser.

§The securities are for investors who seek an equity-based return and who are willing to risk their investment and forgo current income and upside above the maximum return in exchange for the participation rate and buffer features that in each case apply to a limited range of performance of the underlying

§The securities are notes issued as part of MSFL’s Series A Global Medium-Term Notes program

§All payments are subject to our credit risk.  If we default on our obligations, you could lose some or all of your investment

§These securities are not secured obligations and you will not have any security interest in, or otherwise have any access to, any securities included in the underlying

The current estimated value of the securities is approximately $948.50 per security, or within $35.00 of that estimate.  The estimated value of the securities is determined using our own pricing and valuation models, market inputs and assumptions relating to the underlying, instruments based on the underlying, volatility and other factors including current and expected interest rates, as well as an interest rate related to our secondary market credit spread, which is the implied interest rate at which our conventional fixed rate debt trades in the secondary market. See “Estimated Value of the Securities” on page 4.

The securities have complex features and investing in the securities involves risks not associated with an investment in ordinary debt securities.  See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 11.  All payments on the securities are subject to our credit risk.

The Securities and Exchange Commission and state securities regulators have not approved or disapproved these securities, or determined if this document or the accompanying product supplement and prospectus is truthful or complete.  Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

The securities are not deposits or savings accounts and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency or instrumentality, nor are they obligations of, or guaranteed by, a bank.

You should read this document together with the related product supplement for PLUS and prospectus, each of which can be accessed via the hyperlinks below.  Please also see “Additional Terms of the Securities” and “Additional Information About the Securities” at the end of this document.

As used in this document, “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Morgan Stanley or MSFL, or Morgan Stanley and MSFL collectively, as the context requires.

Commissions and offering price: Price to public Agent’s commissions(1)(2) Proceeds to us(3)
Per security $1,000 $21.25 $978.75
Total $ $ $
(1)Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, an agent for this offering, will receive a commission of up to $21.25 for each security it sells.  Dealers, including Wells Fargo Advisors (“WFA”), may receive a selling concession of up to $12.50 per security, and WFA will receive a distribution expense fee of $0.75 for each security sold by WFA.  See “Supplemental information concerning plan of distribution; conflicts of interest.”  

(2)In respect of certain securities sold in this offering, we may pay a fee of up to $1.00 per security to selected securities dealers in consideration for marketing and other services in connection with the distribution of the securities to other securities dealers.

(3)See “Use of proceeds and hedging” on page 26.

 

Product Supplement for PLUS dated November 16, 2020 Prospectus dated November 16, 2020
   
Morgan Stanley Wells Fargo Securities

 

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

 Terms
Issuer: Morgan Stanley Finance LLC
Guarantor: Morgan Stanley
Maturity date: May 18, 2023*, subject to postponement if the calculation day is postponed
Underlying: ARK Innovation ETF
Aggregate face amount: $
Maturity payment amount:

At maturity, the maturity payment amount per $1,000 face amount of securities will be determined as follows:

 

·

If the ending price is greater than the starting price:

 

$1,000 plus the lesser of:

 

 

                       (ii) the maximum return  

 

·

If the ending price is less than or equal to the starting price, but greater than or equal to the threshold price:

 

$1,000

 

·

If the ending price is less than the threshold price:

 

$1,000 minus

 

 

If the ending price is less than the threshold price, you will receive less, and up to 87.50% less, than the face amount of your securities at maturity.

 

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS, the amount you will receive at maturity will be the maturity payment amount, defined and calculated as provided in this document.

Participation rate: 150%
Closing price: The “closing price” for one share of the underlying (or one unit of any other security for which a closing price must be determined) on any trading day means the product of (i) the official closing price on such day published by the principal United States securities exchange registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, on which the underlying (or any such other security) is listed or admitted to trading, and (ii) the adjustment factor on such trading day.
Starting price: $       , which is the closing price on the pricing date
Ending price: The closing price on the final determination date
Calculation day: May 11, 2023*, subject to postponement for non-trading days and certain market disruption events
Threshold price: $       , which is equal to 87.50% of the starting price
Maximum return: The “maximum return” will be determined on the pricing date and will be at least 28% of the face amount per security (at least $280 per security). As a result of the maximum return, the maximum maturity payment amount will be at least $1,280.00.
Face amount: $1,000 per security.  References in this document to a “security” are to a security with a face amount of $1,000.
Pricing date: February 15, 2022*
Original issue date: February 18, 2022* (3 business days after the pricing date)
Adjustment factor: 1.0, subject to adjustment in the event of certain events affecting the underlying. See “Additional Terms of the Securities—Anti-dilution Adjustments; Alternate Calculation” below.
CUSIP / ISIN: 61773H2A6 / US61773H2A67
Listing: The securities will not be listed on any securities exchange.
Agents: Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC (“MS & Co.”), an affiliate of MSFL and a wholly owned subsidiary of
February 2022Page 2

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

  Morgan Stanley, and Wells Fargo Securities, LLC (“WFS”).  See “Supplemental information regarding plan of distribution; conflicts of interest.”
*To the extent we make any change to the pricing date or original issue date, the calculation day and maturity date may also be changed in our discretion to ensure that the term of the securities remains the same.
February 2022Page 3

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Estimated Value of the Securities

The face amount of each security is $1,000.  This price includes costs associated with issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities, which are borne by you, and, consequently, the estimated value of the securities on the pricing date will be less than $1,000 per security.  We estimate that the value of each security on the pricing date will be approximately $948.50, or within $35.00 of that estimate.  Our estimate of the value of the securities as determined on the pricing date will be set forth in the final pricing supplement.

 

What goes into the estimated value on the pricing date?

 

In valuing the securities on the pricing date, we take into account that the securities comprise both a debt component and a performance-based component linked to the underlying.  The estimated value of the securities is determined using our own pricing and valuation models, market inputs and assumptions relating to the underlying, instruments based on the underlying, volatility and other factors including current and expected interest rates, as well as an interest rate related to our secondary market credit spread, which is the implied interest rate at which our conventional fixed rate debt trades in the secondary market.

 

What determines the economic terms of the securities?

 

In determining the economic terms of the securities, including the maximum return, the participation rate and the threshold price, we use an internal funding rate which is likely to be lower than our secondary market credit spreads and therefore advantageous to us.  If the issuing, selling, structuring and hedging costs borne by you were lower or if the internal funding rate were higher, one or more of the economic terms of the securities would be more favorable to you.

 

What is the relationship between the estimated value on the pricing date and the secondary market price of the securities?

 

The price at which MS & Co. purchases the securities in the secondary market, absent changes in market conditions, including those related to the underlying, may vary from, and be lower than, the estimated value on the pricing date, because the secondary market price takes into account our secondary market credit spread as well as the bid-offer spread that MS & Co. would charge in a secondary market transaction of this type and other factors.  However, because the costs associated with issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities are not fully deducted upon issuance, for a period of up to 3 months following the issue date, to the extent that MS & Co. may buy or sell the securities in the secondary market, absent changes in market conditions, including those related to the underlying, and to our secondary market credit spreads, it would do so based on values higher than the estimated value.  We expect that those higher values will also be reflected in your brokerage account statements.

 

MS & Co. may, but is not obligated to, make a market in the securities and, if it once chooses to make a market, may cease doing so at any time.

 

February 2022Page 4

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Investor Considerations

The Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 (the “securities”) can be used:

 

§As an alternative to direct exposure to the underlying that enhances returns for a certain range of positive performance of the underlying

 

§To enhance returns and potentially outperform the underlying in a moderately bullish scenario

 

§To achieve similar levels of upside exposure to the underlying as a direct investment, subject to the maximum return, while using fewer dollars by taking advantage of the participation rate

 

§To obtain a buffer against a specified price of negative performance in the underlying

 

The securities are not designed for, and may not be an appropriate investment for, investors who:

 

§Seek a liquid investment or are unable or unwilling to hold the securities to maturity

 

§Are unwilling to accept the risk that the ending price of the underlying may decrease by more than 12.50% from the starting price, resulting in a loss of some or a significant portion of the initial investment

 

§Seek uncapped exposure to the upside performance of the underlying

 

§Seek full return of the face amount of the securities at maturity

 

§Seek current income from their investments

 

§Are unwilling to accept the risk of exposure to the underlying or an actively managed exchange-traded fund generally

 

§Seek exposure to the underlying but are unwilling to accept the risk/return trade-offs inherent in the payment at maturity for the securities

 

§Are unwilling to accept our credit risk

 

§Prefer the lower risk of fixed income investments with comparable maturities issued by companies with comparable credit ratings

 

The considerations identified above are not exhaustive. Whether or not the securities are an appropriate investment for you will depend on your individual circumstances, and you should reach an investment decision only after you and your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisors have carefully considered the appropriateness of an investment in the securities in light of your particular circumstances. You should also review carefully the “Risk Factors” herein and in the accompanying product supplement for risks related to an investment in the securities. For more information about the underlying, please see the section titled “ARK Innovation ETF Overview” below.

 

February 2022Page 5

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Determining Payment at Maturity

At maturity, the maturity payment amount per $1,000 face amount of securities will be determined as follows:

 

 

 


 

 

February 2022Page 6

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

How the Securities Work

Payoff Diagram

 

The payoff diagram below illustrates the maturity payment amount on the securities based on the following terms:

 

Face amount: $1,000 per security
Participation rate: 150%
Threshold price: 87.50% of the starting price
Hypothetical maximum return: 28% of the face amount ($280.00 per security). The actual maximum return will be determined on the pricing date.
   
Securities Payoff Diagram
February 2022Page 7

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Scenario Analysis and Examples of Maturity Payment Amount at Maturity

The following scenario analysis and examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are hypothetical.  They do not purport to be representative of every possible scenario concerning increases or decreases in the price of the underlying relative to the starting price.  We cannot predict the ending price on the calculation day.  You should not take the scenario analysis and these examples as an indication or assurance of the expected performance of the underlying. The numbers appearing in the examples below may have been rounded for ease of analysis.  Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS, the amount you will receive per $1,000 face amount of securities at maturity will be the maturity payment amount, defined and calculated as provided in this document.  The following scenario analysis and examples illustrate the payment at maturity on a hypothetical offering of the securities, based on the following terms*:

 

Investment term: 1.25 years
Hypothetical starting price: $100.00
Threshold price: $87.50 (87.50% of the hypothetical starting price)
Participation rate: 150%
Hypothetical maximum return: 28% of the face amount ($280.00 per security). The actual maximum return will be determined on the pricing date.

* The hypothetical starting price of $100.00 has been chosen for illustrative purposes only and does not represent the actual starting price.  The actual starting price and participation rate will be determined on the pricing date and will be set forth under “Terms” above.  For historical data regarding the actual closing prices of the underlying, see the historical information set forth herein.

 

Example 1The price of the underlying increases from a starting price of $100.00 to an ending price of $110.00.  

 

Because the hypothetical ending price is greater than the hypothetical starting price, the maturity payment amount would equal $1,000 plus a positive return equal to the lesser of:

 

(i)    $1,000  ×     $110.00  – $100.00    × 150%    = $150.00  
    $100.00    

 

(ii)                       the maximum return of $280.00

 

On the maturity date, you would receive the maturity payment amount equal to $1,150.00 per $1,000 face amount of securities, resulting in a total return on the securities of 15%.

 

Example 2The price of the underlying increases from a starting price of $100.00 to an ending price of $130.00.  

 

Because the hypothetical ending price is greater than the hypothetical starting price, the maturity payment amount would equal $1,000 plus a positive return equal to the lesser of:

 

(i)    $1,000  ×     $130.00  – $100.00    × 150%    = $450.00  
    $100.00    

 

(ii)                       the maximum return of $280.00

 

February 2022Page 8

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

On the maturity date, you would receive the maturity payment amount equal to $1,280.00 per $1,000 face amount of securities (which is the maximum maturity payment amount), resulting in a total return on the securities of 28%.  The appreciation potential of the securities is limited by the hypothetical maximum return.  Although the participation rate provides 150% exposure to any increase in the ending level over the starting level, because the maturity payment amount will be limited to 128% of the face amount for the securities (assuming a maximum return of $280.00 per security), any increase in the ending level over the starting level by more than approximately 18.67% of the starting level will not further increase the return on the securities.

 

Example 3The price of the underlying decreases from a starting price of $100.00 to an ending price of $95.00.  

 

Because the hypothetical ending price is less than or equal to the hypothetical starting price but greater than or equal to the hypothetical threshold price, the maturity payment amount would equal:

 

$1,000

 

Because the hypothetical ending price is less than or equal to the hypothetical starting price but greater than or equal to the hypothetical threshold price, you would receive the maturity payment amount equal to $1,000 per $1,000 face amount of securities, resulting in a total return on the securities of 0%.

 

Example 4The price of the underlying decreases from a starting price of $100.00 to an ending price of $50.00.  

 

Because the hypothetical ending price is less than the hypothetical starting price by more than 12.50%, you would lose a significant portion of the face amount of your securities and receive the maturity payment amount equal to:

 

 

Because the ending price is below the threshold price on the calculation day, the securities will be exposed on a 1-to-1 basis to any decline in the price of the underlying in excess of 12.50%.  Therefore, the maturity payment amount is equal to $625.00 per $1,000 face amount of securities, resulting in a total loss on the securities of 37.50%.

 

If the ending price is below the threshold price on the calculation day, the securities will be exposed on a 1-to-1 basis to any decline in the price of the underlying in excess of 12.50%.  You may lose up to 87.50% of the face amount of your securities at maturity.

 

February 2022Page 9

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Scenario Analysis – Hypothetical Maturity Payment Amount for each $1,000 Face Amount of Securities.

 

Performance of the Underlying* 

Performance of the Securities(1) 

Ending Price 

Percentage Change from the Starting Price to the Ending Price 

Maturity Payment Amount 

Return on Securities(2) 

$200.00 100.00% $1,280.00 28.00%
$190.00 90.00% $1,280.00 28.00%
$180.00 80.00% $1,280.00 28.00%
$170.00 70.00% $1,280.00 28.00%
$160.00 60.00% $1,280.00 28.00%
$150.00 50.00% $1,280.00 28.00%
$140.00 40.00% $1,280.00 28.00%
$130.00 30.00% $1,280.00 28.00%
$120.00 20.00% $1,280.00 28.00%
$118.67 18.67% $1,280.00 28.00%
$110.00 10.00% $1,150.00 15.00%
$105.00 5.00% $1,075.00 7.50%
$100.00(3) 0.00% $1,000.00 0.00%
$95.00 -5.00% $1,000.00 0.00%
$90.00 -10.00% $1,000.00 0.00%
$87.50 -12.50% $1,000.00 0.00%
$87.00 -13.00% $995.00 -0.50%
$80.00 -20.00% $925.00 -7.50%
$70.00 -30.00% $825.00 -17.50%
$60.00 -40.00% $725.00 -27.50%
$50.00 -50.00% $625.00 -37.50%
$40.00 -60.00% $525.00 -47.50%
$30.00 -70.00% $425.00 -57.50%
$20.00 -80.00% $325.00 -67.50%
$10.00 -90.00% $225.00 -77.50%
$0.00 -100.00% $125.00 -87.50%

 

 

 

*The underlying excludes cash dividend payments with respect to the underlying.

 

(1)Assumes a maximum return of 28% of the face amount ($280.00 per security). The actual maximum return will be determined on the pricing date.

(2)The “Return on Securities” is the number, expressed as a percentage, which results from comparing the maturity payment amount per $1,000 face amount of securities to the purchase price of $1,000 per security.

(3)The hypothetical starting price

 

February 2022Page 10

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Risk Factors

This section describes the material risks relating to the securities.  For further discussion of these and other risks, you should read the section entitled “Risk Factors” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS and prospectus.  We also urge you to consult your investment, legal, tax, accounting and other advisers in connection with your investment in the securities.

 

Risks Relating to an Investment in the Securities

 

§The securities do not pay interest, and you will receive less, and up to 87.50% less, than the face amount of your securities at maturity if the ending price is less than the threshold price.  The terms of the securities differ from those of ordinary debt securities in that the securities do not pay interest or repay a fixed amount of the face amount of the securities.  If the ending price is less than the threshold price, which is 87.50% of the starting price, you will receive less, and up to 87.50% less, than the face amount of your securities at maturity. Investors may lose some or a significant portion of their investment in the securities.

 

§The appreciation potential of the securities is limited by the maximum return.  The appreciation potential of the securities is limited by the maximum return.  Although the participation rate provides 150% exposure to any increase in the ending level over the starting level, because any positive return on the securities will be limited to the maximum return of at least 28% of the face amount for the securities, any increase in the ending level over the starting level by more than approximately 18.67% of the starting level, depending on the actual maximum return, will not further increase the return on the securities.

 

§The market price will be influenced by many unpredictable factors. Several factors, many of which are beyond our control, will influence the value of the securities in the secondary market and the price at which MS & Co. may be willing to purchase or sell the securities in the secondary market.  We expect that generally the level of interest rates available in the market and the value of the underlying on any day, including in relation to the starting price and threshold price, will affect the value of the securities more than any other factors.  Other factors that may influence the value of the securities include:

 

othe trading price and volatility (frequency and magnitude of changes in value) of the underlying,

 

ogeopolitical conditions and economic, financial, political, regulatory or judicial events that affect the underlying or the securities markets generally and which may affect the price of the underlying,

 

odividend rates on the underlying,

 

othe time remaining until the securities mature,

 

ointerest and yield rates in the market,

 

othe availability of comparable instruments,

 

othe occurrence of certain events affecting the underlying that may or may not require an adjustment to the adjustment factor, and

 

oany actual or anticipated changes in our credit ratings or credit spreads.

 

Generally, the longer the time remaining to maturity, the more the market price of the securities will be affected by the other factors described above.  Some or all of these factors will influence the price that you will receive if you sell your securities prior to maturity.  For example, you may have to sell your securities at a substantial discount from the face amount of $1,000 per security if the price of the underlying at the time of sale is near or below its threshold price or if market interest rates rise.

 

You cannot predict the future performance of the underlying based on its historical performance.  If the ending price is less than the threshold price, you will be exposed on a 1-to-1 basis to any decline in the ending price in excess of 12.50%.  See “ARK Innovation ETF Overview” below.

 

February 2022Page 11

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

§The securities are subject to our credit risk, and any actual or anticipated changes to our credit ratings or credit spreads may adversely affect the market value of the securities.  You are dependent on our ability to pay all amounts due on the securities at maturity, and therefore you are subject to our credit risk.  If we default on our obligations under the securities, your investment would be at risk and you could lose some or all of your investment.  As a result, the market value of the securities prior to maturity will be affected by changes in the market’s view of our creditworthiness.  Any actual or anticipated decline in our credit ratings or increase in the credit spreads charged by the market for taking our credit risk is likely to adversely affect the market value of the securities.

 

§As a finance subsidiary, MSFL has no independent operations and will have no independent assets.  As a finance subsidiary, MSFL has no independent operations beyond the issuance and administration of its securities and will have no independent assets available for distributions to holders of MSFL securities if they make claims in respect of such securities in a bankruptcy, resolution or similar proceeding.  Accordingly, any recoveries by such holders will be limited to those available under the related guarantee by Morgan Stanley and that guarantee will rank pari passu with all other unsecured, unsubordinated obligations of Morgan Stanley. Holders will have recourse only to a single claim against Morgan Stanley and its assets under the guarantee. Holders of securities issued by MSFL should accordingly assume that in any such proceedings they would not have any priority over and should be treated pari passu with the claims of other unsecured, unsubordinated creditors of Morgan Stanley, including holders of Morgan Stanley-issued securities.

 

§The amount payable on the securities is not linked to the value of the underlying at any time other than the calculation day.  The ending price will be based on the closing price of the underlying on the calculation day, subject to postponement for non-trading days and certain market disruption events.  Even if the price of the underlying increases prior to the calculation day but then decreases by the calculation day, the maturity payment amount will be less, and may be significantly less, than it would have been had the maturity payment amount been linked to the price of the underlying prior to such decrease.  Although the actual price of the underlying on the maturity date or at other times during the term of the securities may be higher than the ending price, the maturity payment amount will be based solely on the closing price of the underlying on the calculation day.

 

§Investing in the securities is not equivalent to investing in the underlying.  Investing in the securities is not equivalent to investing in the underlying.  Investors in the securities will not participate in any positive performance of the underlying, and will not have voting rights or rights to receive dividends or other distributions or any other rights with respect to the underlying.

 

§The rate we are willing to pay for securities of this type, maturity and issuance size is likely to be lower than the rate implied by our secondary market credit spreads and advantageous to us.  Both the lower rate and the inclusion of costs associated with issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities in the face amount reduce the economic terms of the securities, cause the estimated value of the securities to be less than the face amount and will adversely affect secondary market prices.  Assuming no change in market conditions or any other relevant factors, the prices, if any, at which dealers, including MS & Co., may be willing to purchase the securities in secondary market transactions will likely be significantly lower than the face amount, because secondary market prices will exclude the issuing, selling, structuring and hedging-related costs that are included in the face amount and borne by you and because the secondary market prices will reflect our secondary market credit spreads and the bid-offer spread that any dealer would charge in a secondary market transaction of this type as well as other factors.

 

The inclusion of the costs of issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities in the face amount and the lower rate we are willing to pay as issuer make the economic terms of the securities less favorable to you than they otherwise would be.

 

However, because the costs associated with issuing, selling, structuring and hedging the securities are not fully deducted upon issuance, for a period of up to 3 months following the issue date, to the extent that MS & Co. may buy or sell the securities in the secondary market, absent changes in market conditions, including those related to the underlying, and to our secondary market credit spreads, it would do so based on values higher than the estimated value, and we expect that those higher values will also be reflected in your brokerage account statements.

 

February 2022Page 12

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

§The estimated value of the securities is determined by reference to our pricing and valuation models, which may differ from those of other dealers and is not a maximum or minimum secondary market price.  These pricing and valuation models are proprietary and rely in part on subjective views of certain market inputs and certain assumptions about future events, which may prove to be incorrect.  As a result, because there is no market-standard way to value these types of securities, our models may yield a higher estimated value of the securities than those generated by others, including other dealers in the market, if they attempted to value the securities.  In addition, the estimated value on the pricing date does not represent a minimum or maximum price at which dealers, including MS & Co., would be willing to purchase your securities in the secondary market (if any exists) at any time.  The value of your securities at any time after the date of this document will vary based on many factors that cannot be predicted with accuracy, including our creditworthiness and changes in market conditions.  See also “The market price will be influenced by many unpredictable factors” above.

 

§The securities will not be listed on any securities exchange and secondary trading may be limited.  The securities will not be listed on any securities exchange.  Therefore, there may be little or no secondary market for the securities.  MS & Co. and WFS may, but are not obligated to, make a market in the securities and, if either of them once chooses to make a market, may cease doing so at any time.  When they do make a market, they will generally do so for transactions of routine secondary market size at prices based on their respective estimates of the current value of the securities, taking into account their respective bid/offer spreads, our credit spreads, market volatility, the notional size of the proposed sale, the cost of unwinding any related hedging positions, the time remaining to maturity and the likelihood that they will be able to resell the securities.  Even if there is a secondary market, it may not provide enough liquidity to allow you to trade or sell the securities easily.  Since other broker-dealers may not participate significantly in the secondary market for the securities, the price at which you may be able to trade your securities is likely to depend on the price, if any, at which MS & Co. or WFS is willing to transact.  If, at any time, MS & Co. and WFS were to cease making a market in the securities, it is likely that there would be no secondary market for the securities.  Accordingly, you should be willing to hold your securities to maturity.

 

§The calculation agent, which is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley and an affiliate of MSFL, will make determinations with respect to the securities.  As calculation agent, MS & Co. will determine the starting price, the threshold price and the ending price and will calculate the amount of cash you receive at maturity, if any.  Moreover, certain determinations made by MS & Co., in its capacity as calculation agent, may require it to exercise discretion and make subjective judgments, such as with respect to the occurrence or non-occurrence of market disruption events and the selection of a successor index or calculation of the ending price in the event of a market disruption event or certain adjustments to the adjustment factor.  These potentially subjective determinations may adversely affect the payout to you at maturity, if any.  For further information regarding these types of determinations, see “Description of PLUS—Alternate Exchange Calculation in Case of an Event of Default,” “—Discontinuance of the Underlying Shares of an Exchange-Traded Fund and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” and “—Calculation Agent and Calculations” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS and “Additional Terms of the Securities” below.  In addition, MS & Co. has determined the estimated value of the securities on the pricing date.

 

§Hedging and trading activity by our affiliates could potentially adversely affect the value of the securities.  One or more of our affiliates and/or third-party dealers expect to carry out hedging activities related to the securities (and possibly to other instruments linked to the underlying), including trading in the underlying. As a result, these entities may be unwinding or adjusting hedge positions during the term of the securities, and the hedging strategy may involve greater and more frequent dynamic adjustments to the hedge as the final determination date approaches.  Some of our affiliates also trade the underlying and/or other financial instruments related to the underlying on a regular basis as part of their general broker-dealer and other businesses. Any of these hedging or trading activities on or prior to the pricing date could potentially affect the starting price, and, therefore, could increase the price at or above which the underlying must close on the calculation day so that you do not suffer a loss on your initial investment in the securities. Additionally, such hedging or trading activities during the term of the securities, including on the calculation day, could adversely affect the price of the underlying on the calculation day, and, accordingly, the amount of cash an investor will receive at maturity.

 

§The maturity date may be postponed if the calculation day is postponed.  If the scheduled calculation day is not a trading day or if a market disruption event occurs on that day so that the calculation day is postponed and falls less

 

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than two business days prior to the maturity date, the maturity date of the securities will be postponed to the second business day following that calculation day as postponed.

 

§Potentially inconsistent research, opinions or recommendations by Morgan Stanley, MSFL, WFS or our or their respective affiliates.  Morgan Stanley, MSFL, WFS and our or their respective affiliates may publish research from time to time on financial markets and other matters that may influence the value of the securities, or express opinions or provide recommendations that are inconsistent with purchasing or holding the securities.  Any research, opinions or recommendations expressed by Morgan Stanley, MSFL, WFS or our or their respective affiliates may not be consistent with each other and may be modified from time to time without notice. Investors should make their own independent investigation of the merits of investing in the securities and the underlying to which the securities are linked.

 

§The U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities are uncertain.  Please read the discussion under “Additional Information—Tax considerations” in this document and the discussion under “United States Federal Taxation” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS (together, the “Tax Disclosure Sections”) concerning the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities.  As discussed in the Tax Disclosure Sections, there is a substantial risk that the “constructive ownership” rule could apply, in which case all or a portion of any long-term capital gain recognized by a U.S. Holder could be recharacterized as ordinary income and an interest charge could be imposed.  If the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) were successful in asserting an alternative treatment, the timing and character of income on the securities might differ significantly from the tax treatment described in the Tax Disclosure Sections.  For example, under one possible treatment, the IRS could seek to recharacterize the securities as debt instruments.  In that event, U.S. Holders would be required to accrue into income original issue discount on the securities every year at a “comparable yield” determined at the time of issuance and recognize all income and gain in respect of the securities as ordinary income.  The risk that financial instruments providing for buffers, triggers or similar downside protection features, such as the securities, would be recharacterized as debt is greater than the risk of recharacterization for comparable financial instruments that do not have such features.  We do not plan to request a ruling from the IRS regarding the tax treatment of the securities, and the IRS or a court may not agree with the tax treatment described in the Tax Disclosure Sections.  

 

In 2007, the U.S. Treasury Department and the IRS released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments.  The notice focuses in particular on whether to require holders of these instruments to accrue income over the term of their investment.  It also asks for comments on a number of related topics, including the character of income or loss with respect to these instruments; whether short-term instruments should be subject to any such accrual regime; the relevance of factors such as the exchange-traded status of the instruments and the nature of the underlying property to which the instruments are linked; the degree, if any, to which income (including any mandated accruals) realized by non-U.S. investors should be subject to withholding tax; and whether these instruments are or should be subject to the “constructive ownership” rule, as discussed in this document.  While the notice requests comments on appropriate transition rules and effective dates, any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the securities, possibly with retroactive effect.  Both U.S. and Non-U.S. Holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities, including possible alternative treatments, the potential application of the constructive ownership rule, the issues presented by this notice and any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or non-U.S. taxing jurisdiction.

 

Risks Relating to the Underlying

 

§An investment in the securities is subject to risks associated with actively managed funds.  The underlying is actively managed. Unlike a passively managed fund, an actively managed fund does not attempt to track an index or other benchmark, and the investment decisions for an actively managed fund are instead made by its investment adviser. The investment adviser of an actively managed fund may adopt a strategy or strategies that pose significantly greater risks than the indexing strategy that would have been employed by a passively managed fund. As an actively managed fund, the underlying is subject to management risk. In managing an actively managed fund, the investment adviser of a fund applies investment strategies, techniques and analyses in making investment decisions for

 

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that fund, but there can be no guarantee that these actions will produce the intended results. The ability of the investment adviser to the underlying, ARK Investment Management LLC (the “Investment Adviser”) to potentially successfully implement the underlying’s investment strategy, and decisions made by the Investment Adviser pursuant to its investment strategy, will significantly influence the market price of the underlying and, consequently, the value of the securities.

 

§Risks associated with disruptive innovation companies.  The underlying’s investment strategy involves exposure to companies that the Investment Adviser determines to be consistent with the investment theme of disruptive innovation and technology. However, the companies selected by the Investment Adviser may not in fact do so. Companies that initially develop a novel technology may not be able to capitalize on that technology. Additionally, companies that develop disruptive technologies may face political or legal roadblocks from competitors, industry groups or local and national governments. These companies may also be exposed to risks applicable to sectors other than the disruptive innovation sector for which they are chosen, and the securities issued by these companies may underperform the securities of other companies that are primarily focused on a particular goal. The underlying may invest in companies that do not currently derive any revenue from disruptive innovations or technologies, and there is no assurance that any company will derive any revenue from disruptive innovations or technologies in the future. A disruptive innovation or technology may constitute a small portion of any company’s overall business. As a result, the success of a disruptive innovation or technology may not affect the value of the equity securities issued by that company.

 

§An investment in the securities is subject to risks associated with small-capitalization and micro-capitalization companies.  Some of the equity securities held by the underlying have been issued by companies with small-capitalization or micro-capitalization. These companies often have greater stock price volatility, lower trading volume and less liquidity than large-capitalization companies and therefore the underlying may be more volatile than a fund in which a greater percentage of the underlying components are issued by large-capitalization companies. Stock prices of small-capitalization and micro-capitalization companies are also more vulnerable than those of large-capitalization companies to adverse business and economic developments, and the stocks of small-capitalization and micro-capitalization companies may be thinly traded. In addition, small-capitalization and micro-capitalization companies are typically less well-established and less stable financially than large-capitalization companies and may depend on a small number of key personnel, making them more vulnerable to loss of personnel. Such companies tend to have smaller revenues, less diverse product lines, smaller shares of their product or service markets, fewer financial resources and less competitive strengths than large-capitalization companies and are more susceptible to adverse developments related to their products.

 

§There are risks associated with investments in securities linked to the value of foreign (and especially emerging markets) equity securities.  The price of the underlying is linked to the value of foreign (and especially emerging markets) equity securities. Investments in securities linked to the value of foreign equity securities involve risks associated with the securities markets in those countries, including risks of volatility in those markets, governmental intervention in those markets and cross-shareholdings in companies in certain countries. Also, there is generally less publicly available information about foreign companies than about U.S. companies that are subject to the reporting requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, and foreign companies are subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements different from those applicable to U.S. reporting companies. The prices of securities issued in foreign markets may be affected by political, economic, financial and social factors in those countries, or global regions, including changes in government, economic and fiscal policies and currency exchange laws. In addition, the stocks that are that are generally tracked by the underlying have been issued by companies in various emerging markets countries, which pose further risks in addition to the risks associated with investing in foreign equity markets generally. Countries with emerging markets may have relatively unstable governments, may present the risks of nationalization of businesses, restrictions on foreign ownership and prohibitions on the repatriation of assets, and may have less protection of property rights than more developed countries. The economies of countries with emerging markets may be based on only a few industries, may be highly vulnerable to changes in local or global trade conditions, and may suffer from extreme and volatile debt burdens or inflation rates. Local securities markets may trade a small number of securities and may be unable to respond effectively to increases in trading volume, potentially making prompt liquidation of holdings difficult or impossible at times. Moreover, the economies in such countries may differ unfavorably from the economy in the United States in such respects as growth of

 

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gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resources, self-sufficiency and balance of payment positions between countries.

 

§The securities are subject to currency exchange risk. Because the price of the underlying is linked to the value of foreign equity securities, holders of the securities will be exposed to currency exchange rate risk with respect to each of the currencies in which such component securities trade. Exchange rate movements for a particular currency are volatile and are the result of numerous factors including the supply of, and the demand for, those currencies, as well as relevant government policy, intervention or actions, but are also influenced significantly from time to time by political or economic developments, and by macroeconomic factors and speculative actions related to the relevant region. An investor’s net exposure will depend on the extent to which the currencies of the component securities strengthen or weaken against the U.S. dollar and the relative weight of each security. If, taking into account such weighting, the dollar strengthens against the currencies of the component securities represented in the underlying, the price of the underlying will be adversely affected and the payment at maturity on the securities may be reduced.

 

Of particular importance to potential currency exchange risk are:

 

oexisting and expected rates of inflation;

 

oexisting and expected interest rate levels;

 

othe balance of payments; and

 

othe extent of governmental surpluses or deficits in the applicable countries and the United States.

 

All of these factors are in turn sensitive to the monetary, fiscal and trade policies pursued by the governments of the applicable countries and the United States and other countries important to international trade and finance.

 

§The performance and market price of the underlying, particularly during periods of market volatility, may not correlate with the net asset value per share of the underlying. Because the underlying is traded on a securities exchange and is subject to market supply and investor demand, the market price of one share of the underlying may differ from the net asset value per share of the underlying.  During periods of market volatility, securities underlying the underlying may be unavailable in the secondary market, market participants may be unable to calculate accurately the net asset value per share of the underlying and the liquidity of the underlying may be adversely affected.  This kind of market volatility may also disrupt the ability of market participants to create and redeem the underlying. Further, market volatility may adversely affect, sometimes materially, the prices at which market participants are willing to buy and sell the underlying.  As a result, under these circumstances, the market value of the underlying may vary substantially from the net asset value per share of the underlying.  For all of the foregoing reasons, the performance of the underlying may not correlate with the net asset value per share of the underlying, which could materially and adversely affect the value of the securities in the secondary market and/or reduce any payment on the securities.

 

§The securities are subject to risks relating to cryptocurrencies and related investments.  The underlying may have exposure to cryptocurrencies, such as bitcoin, indirectly through investment funds, including through an investment in the Grayscale Bitcoin Trust (“GBTC”), a privately offered investment vehicle.  Cryptocurrencies are digital assets and do not represent legal tender.  Cryptocurrency generally operates without central authority or banks and is not backed by any government.  Cryptocurrencies are susceptible to potential theft, loss, destruction and fraud.  Cryptocurrency represents an emerging asset class, and regulation in the United States is still developing, including with respect to market integrity, anti-fraud, anti-manipulation, cybersecurity, surveillance and anti-money laundering.  Federal, state and/or foreign governments may restrict the use and exchange of cryptocurrencies.  The market prices of bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have been subject to extreme fluctuations.  Even when held indirectly, investment vehicles like GBTC may be affected by the high volatility associated with cryptocurrency exposure.  Holding a privately offered investment vehicle in its portfolio may cause the underlying to trade at a discount to its net asset value.  If cryptocurrency markets continue to be subject to sharp fluctuations, the underlying and the securities may be adversely affected.  Cryptocurrency exchanges and other trading venues on which cryptocurrencies trade are relatively new and, in many cases, largely unregulated and may therefore be more exposed to fraud and failure than established, regulated exchanges for securities, derivatives and other currencies.  Cryptocurrency exchanges may stop operating or may be permanently shut down due to fraud, technical glitches, hackers or malware, which may also affect the prices of

 

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cryptocurrencies.  Events that negatively affect cryptocurrencies may negatively affect the performance of the underlying and the securities.

 

§The antidilution adjustments the calculation agent is required to make do not cover every event that could affect the shares of the underlying.  MS & Co., as calculation agent, will adjust the adjustment factor for certain events affecting the underlying.  However, the calculation agent will not make an adjustment for every event that could affect the underlying.  If an event occurs that does not require the calculation agent to adjust the adjustment factor, the market price of the securities may be materially and adversely affected.  The determination by the calculation agent to adjust, or not to adjust, the adjustment factor may materially and adversely affect the value of the securities.  

 

§Historical prices of the underlying should not be taken as an indication of the future performance of the underlying during the term of the securities.  No assurance can be given as to the price of the underlying at any time, including on the final determination date, because historical prices of the underlying do not provide an indication of future performance of the underlying.

 

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ARK Innovation ETF Overview

The ARK Innovation ETF is an actively managed exchange-traded fund of ARK ETF Trust (the “Trust”), a registered investment company, that primarily invests in equity securities of U.S. and non-U.S. companies that are deemed to be consistent with the underlying’s investment theme of “disruptive innovation.” The underlying is managed by ARK Investment Management LLC (“ARK LLC”), the investment adviser to the underlying. As an actively managed fund, the underlying is subject to management risk. In managing the underlying, ARK LLC applies investment strategies, techniques and analyses in making investment decisions for the underlying, but there can be no guarantee that these actions will produce the intended results. The ability of ARK LLC to potentially successfully implement the underlying’s investment strategy, and decisions made by the ARK LLC pursuant to its investment strategy, will significantly influence the underlying’s performance.

 

The underlying will invest under normal circumstances at least 65% of its assets in equity securities of U.S. and non-U.S. companies that are deemed to be consistent with the underlying’s investment theme of disruptive innovation. ARK LLC defines “disruptive innovation” as the introduction of a technologically enabled new product or service that potentially changes the way the world works. ARK LLC believes that companies included within this theme are those that rely on or benefit from the development of new products or services, technological improvements and advancements in scientific research relating to the areas of genomics; innovation in automation and manufacturing, transportation, energy, artificial intelligence and materials; the increased use of shared technology, infrastructure and services; and technologies that make financial services more efficient. ARK LLC defines “genomics” as the study of genes and their functions, and related techniques (e.g., genomic sequencing).

 

Information provided to or filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) by the Trust pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940 can be located by reference to Commission file numbers 333-191019 and 811-22883, respectively, through the Commission’s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, information may be obtained from other publicly available sources. Neither the issuer nor the agent makes any representation that any such publicly available information regarding the ARK Innovation ETF is accurate or complete.

 

The following graph sets forth the daily closing prices of the underlying for the period from January 1, 2017 through January 27, 2022. The closing price of the underlying on January 27, 2022 was $66.33.  We obtained the information in the graph below from Bloomberg Financial Markets without independent verification.  You should not take the historical prices of the underlying as an indication of its future performance, and no assurance can be given as to the closing price of the underlying at any time, including on the determination dates.

 

Shares of the ARK Innovation ETF Daily Closing Prices

January 1, 2017 to January 27, 2022

 

This document relates only to the securities offered hereby and does not relate to the underlying.  We have derived all disclosures contained in this document regarding the Trust from the publicly available documents

 

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described above.  In connection with the offering of the securities, neither we nor the agent has participated in the preparation of such documents or made any due diligence inquiry with respect to the Trust.  Neither we nor the agent makes any representation that such publicly available documents or any other publicly available information regarding the Trust is accurate or complete.  Furthermore, we cannot give any assurance that all events occurring prior to the date hereof (including events that would affect the accuracy or completeness of the publicly available documents described above) that would affect the trading price of the underlying (and therefore the price of the underlying at the time we price the securities) have been publicly disclosed.  Subsequent disclosure of any such events or the disclosure of or failure to disclose material future events concerning the Trust could affect the value received with respect to the securities and therefore the value of the securities.

 

Neither the issuer nor any of its affiliates makes any representation to you as to the performance of the underlying.

 

We and/or our affiliates may presently or from time to time engage in business with the Trust.  In the course of such business, we and/or our affiliates may acquire non-public information with respect to the Trust, and neither we nor any of our affiliates undertakes to disclose any such information to you.  In addition, one or more of our affiliates may publish research reports with respect to the underlying.  The statements in the preceding two sentences are not intended to affect the rights of investors in the securities under the securities laws.  As a prospective purchaser of the securities, you should undertake an independent investigation of the Trust as in your judgment is appropriate to make an informed decision with respect to an investment linked to the underlying.

 

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Additional Terms of the Securities

Additional Terms

 

Please read this information in conjunction with the summary terms on the front cover of this document.  

 

If the terms described herein are inconsistent with those described in the accompanying product supplement or prospectus, the terms described herein shall control.

 

Certain definitions

 

A “trading day” means a day, as determined by the calculation agent, on which the relevant stock exchange and each related futures or options exchange with respect to the underlying or any successor thereto, if applicable, are scheduled to be open for trading for their respective regular trading sessions.

 

The “relevant stock exchange” for the underlying means the primary exchange or quotation system on which shares (or other applicable securities) of the underlying are traded, as determined by the calculation agent.

 

The “related futures or options exchange” for the underlying means each exchange or quotation system where trading has a material effect (as determined by the calculation agent) on the overall market for futures or options contracts relating to the underlying.

 

Market disruption events

 

The following replaces in its entirety the section entitled “Market Disruption Event” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS:

 

With respect to the underlying, market disruption event means:

 

(i) the occurrence or existence of any of:

 

(a) a suspension, absence or material limitation of trading of the underlying on the primary market for the underlying for more than two hours of trading or during the one-half hour period preceding the close of the principal trading session in such market; or

 

(b) a breakdown or failure in the price and trade reporting systems of the primary market for the underlying as a result of which the reported trading prices for the underlying during the last one-half hour preceding the close of the principal trading session in such market are materially inaccurate; or

 

(c) the suspension, absence or material limitation of trading on the primary market for trading in futures or options contracts related to the underlying, if available, during the one-half hour period preceding the close of the principal trading session in the applicable market,

 

in each case as determined by the calculation agent in its sole discretion; and

 

(ii) a determination by the calculation agent in its sole discretion that any event described in clause (i) above materially interfered with our ability or the ability of any of our affiliates to unwind or adjust all or a material portion of the hedge position with respect to the securities.

 

For the purpose of determining whether a market disruption event has occurred with respect to the underlying: (1) a limitation on the hours or number of days of trading will not constitute a market disruption event if it results from an announced change in the regular business hours of the primary market, (2) a decision to permanently discontinue trading in the underlying or in the futures or options contract related to the underlying will not constitute a market disruption event, (3) a suspension of trading in futures or options contracts on the underlying by the primary securities market trading in such contracts by reason of (a) a price change exceeding limits set by such securities exchange or market, (b) an imbalance of orders relating to such contracts or (c) a disparity in bid and ask quotes relating to such contracts will constitute a suspension, absence or material limitation of trading in futures or options contracts related to the underlying and (4) a “suspension, absence or material limitation of trading” on the relevant exchange or primary market on which futures or options contracts related to the underlying are traded will not include any time when such securities market is itself closed for trading under ordinary circumstances. Regarding any permanent discontinuance of trading in the underlying, see “Discontinuance of the underlying; alteration of method of calculation” below.

 

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Anti-dilution Adjustments; Alternate Calculation

 

Anti-dilution Adjustments

 

The calculation agent will adjust the adjustment factor as specified below if any of the events specified below occurs with respect to the underlying and the effective date or ex-dividend date, as applicable, for such event is after the pricing date and on or prior to the calculation day.

 

The adjustments specified below do not cover all events that could affect the underlying, and there may be other events that could affect the underlying for which the calculation agent will not make any such adjustments, including, without limitation, an ordinary cash dividend. Nevertheless, the calculation agent may, in its sole discretion, make additional adjustments to any terms of the securities upon the occurrence of other events that affect or could potentially affect the market price of, or shareholder rights in, the underlying, with a view to offsetting, to the extent practical, any such change, and preserving the relative investment risks of the securities. In addition, the calculation agent may, in its sole discretion, make adjustments or a series of adjustments that differ from those described herein if the calculation agent determines that such adjustments do not properly reflect the economic consequences of the events specified in this document or would not preserve the relative investment risks of the securities. All determinations made by the calculation agent in making any adjustments to the terms of the securities, including adjustments that are in addition to, or that differ from, those described in this document, will be made in good faith and a commercially reasonable manner, with the aim of ensuring an equitable result. In determining whether to make any adjustment to the terms of the securities, the calculation agent may consider any adjustment made by the Options Clearing Corporation or any other equity derivatives clearing organization on options contracts on the underlying.

 

For any event described below, the calculation agent will not be required to adjust the adjustment factor unless the adjustment would result in a change to the adjustment factor then in effect of at least 0.10%. The adjustment factor resulting from any adjustment will be rounded up or down, as appropriate, to the nearest one-hundred thousandth.

 

(A)Stock Splits and Reverse Stock Splits

 

If a stock split or reverse stock split has occurred, then once such split has become effective, the adjustment factor will be adjusted to equal the product of the prior adjustment factor and the number of securities which a holder of one share (or other applicable security) of the underlying before the effective date of such stock split or reverse stock split would have owned or been entitled to receive immediately following the applicable effective date.

 

(B)Stock Dividends

 

If a dividend or distribution of shares (or other applicable securities) to which the securities are linked has been made by the underlying ratably to all holders of record of such shares (or other applicable security), then the adjustment factor will be adjusted on the ex-dividend date to equal the prior adjustment factor plus the product of the prior adjustment factor and the number of shares (or other applicable security) of the underlying which a holder of one share (or other applicable security) of the underlying before the ex-dividend date would have owned or been entitled to receive immediately following that date; provided, however, that no adjustment will be made for a distribution for which the number of securities of the underlying paid or distributed is based on a fixed cash equivalent value.

 

(C)Extraordinary Dividends

 

If an extraordinary dividend (as defined below) has occurred, then the adjustment factor will be adjusted on the ex-dividend date to equal the product of the prior adjustment factor and a fraction, the numerator of which is the closing price per share (or other applicable security) of the underlying on the trading day preceding the ex-dividend date, and the denominator of which is the amount by which the closing price per share (or other applicable security) of the underlying on the trading day preceding the ex-dividend date exceeds the extraordinary dividend amount (as defined below).

 

For purposes of determining whether an extraordinary dividend has occurred:

 

(1)extraordinary dividend” means any cash dividend or distribution (or portion thereof) that the calculation agent determines, in its sole discretion, is extraordinary or special; and

 

(2)extraordinary dividend amount” with respect to an extraordinary dividend for the securities of the underlying will equal the amount per share (or other applicable security) of the underlying of the

 

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applicable cash dividend or distribution that is attributable to the extraordinary dividend, as determined by the calculation agent in its sole discretion.

 

A distribution on the securities of the underlying described below under the section entitled “—Reorganization Events” below that also constitutes an extraordinary dividend will only cause an adjustment pursuant to that “—Reorganization Events” section.

 

(D)Other Distributions

 

If the underlying declares or makes a distribution to all holders of the shares (or other applicable security) of the underlying of any non-cash assets, excluding dividends or distributions described under the section entitled “—Stock Dividends” above, then the calculation agent may, in its sole discretion, make such adjustment (if any) to the adjustment factor as it deems appropriate in the circumstances. If the calculation agent determines to make an adjustment pursuant to this paragraph, it will do so with a view to offsetting, to the extent practical, any change in the economic position of a holder of the securities that results solely from the applicable event.

 

(E)Reorganization Events

 

If the underlying, or any successor fund, is subject to a merger, combination, consolidation or statutory exchange of securities with another exchange traded fund, and the underlying is not the surviving entity (a “reorganization event”), then, on or after the date of such event, the calculation agent shall, in its sole discretion, make an adjustment to the adjustment factor or the method of determining the maturity payment amount or any other terms of the securities as the calculation agent determines appropriate to account for the economic effect on the securities of such event, and determine the effective date of that adjustment. If the calculation agent determines that no adjustment that it could make will produce a commercially reasonable result, then the calculation agent may deem such event a liquidation event (as defined below).

 

Discontinuance of the underlying; alteration of method of calculation

 

The following replaces in its entirety the section entitled “Discontinuance of Any ETF Shares and/or Share Underlying Index; Alteration of Method of Calculation” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS:

 

If trading in the underlying on every applicable national securities exchange, on the OTC Bulletin Board and in the over-the-counter market is permanently discontinued or the underlying is liquidated or otherwise terminated (a “discontinuance or liquidation event”), the calculation agent will, in its discretion, either (i) substitute an exchange-traded fund that the calculation agent determines, in its sole discretion, to be comparable to the discontinued underlying (the “successor fund”), after which any subsequent closing price for the underlying on any trading day following a discontinuance or liquidation event will be determined by reference to the published price of such successor fund at the regular weekday close of trading on such trading day, or (ii) accelerate the securities on the fifth business day following the date notice of such liquidation event is provided to holders of the underlying (the date of such notice, the “liquidation announcement date,” and the fifth business day following the liquidation announcement date, the “acceleration date”), after which the payment to you on the acceleration date will be equal to the fair market value of the securities on the trading day immediately following the liquidation announcement date, as determined by the calculation agent in its sole discretion based on its internal models, which will take into account the reasonable costs incurred by us or any of our affiliates in unwinding any related hedging arrangements.

 

Upon any selection by the calculation agent of a successor fund, the calculation agent will cause written notice thereof to be furnished to the trustee, to us and to the depositary, as holder of the securities, within three business days of such selection. We expect that such notice will be made available to you, as a beneficial owner of the securities, in accordance with the standard rules and procedures of the depositary and its direct and indirect participants.

 

Postponement of the calculation day

 

If a market disruption event occurs or is continuing on the calculation day, then the calculation day will be postponed to the first succeeding trading day on which a market disruption event has not occurred and is not continuing; however, if such first succeeding trading day has not occurred as of the eighth trading day after the originally scheduled calculation day, that eighth trading day shall be deemed to be the calculation day.  If the calculation day has been postponed eight trading days after the originally scheduled calculation day and a market disruption event occurs or is continuing on such eighth trading day, the calculation agent will determine the closing price of the underlying on such eighth trading day based on its good faith estimate of the value of the shares (or other applicable securities) of the underlying as of the close of trading on such eighth trading day.

 

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 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Postponement of maturity date

 

If the scheduled calculation day is not a trading day or if a market disruption event occurs on that day so that the calculation day as postponed falls less than two business days prior to the scheduled maturity date, the maturity date of the securities will be postponed to the second business day following that calculation day as postponed.

 

Interest

 

None

 

Denominations

 

$1,000 per security and integral multiples thereof

 

Trustee

 

The Bank of New York Mellon

 

Calculation agent

 

MS & Co.

 

Issuer notice to registered security holders, the trustee and the depositary

 

In the event that the maturity date is postponed due to postponement of the calculation day, the issuer shall give notice of such postponement and, once it has been determined, of the date to which the maturity date has been rescheduled (i) to each registered holder of the securities by mailing notice of such postponement by first class mail, postage prepaid, to such registered holder’s last address as it shall appear upon the registry books, (ii) to the trustee by facsimile confirmed by mailing such notice to the trustee by first class mail, postage prepaid, at its New York office and (iii) to The Depository Trust Company (the “depositary”) by telephone or facsimile, confirmed by mailing such notice to the depositary by first class mail, postage prepaid.  Any notice that is mailed to a registered holder of the securities in the manner herein provided shall be conclusively presumed to have been duly given to such registered holder, whether or not such registered holder receives the notice.  The issuer shall give such notice as promptly as possible, and in no case later than (i) with respect to notice of postponement of the maturity date, the business day immediately preceding the scheduled maturity date, and (ii) with respect to notice of the date to which the maturity date has been rescheduled, the business day immediately following the actual calculation day for determining the ending price.

 

The issuer shall, or shall cause the calculation agent to, (i) provide written notice to the trustee and to the depositary of the amount of cash to be delivered with respect to each stated principal amount of the securities, on or prior to 10:30 a.m. (New York City time) on the business day preceding the maturity date, and (ii) deliver the aggregate cash amount due with respect to the securities to the trustee for delivery to the depositary, as holder of the securities, on the maturity date.

 

Underlying

 

The accompanying product supplement refers to the underlying as the “underlying asset.”

 

Face amount

 

The accompanying product supplement refers to the face amount as the “stated principal amount.”

 

Calculation day

 

The accompanying product supplement refers to the calculation day as the “valuation date.”

 

Maturity payment amount

 

The accompanying product supplement refers to the maturity payment amount as the “payment at maturity.”

 

Starting price

 

The accompanying product supplement refers to the starting price as the “initial share price.”

 

Ending price

 

The accompanying product supplement refers to the ending price as the “final share price.”

 

Maximum return

 

The accompanying product supplement refers to the maximum return as the “maximum payment at maturity.”

 

February 2022Page 23

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Participation rate

 

The accompanying product supplement refers to the participation rate as the “leverage factor.”

 

February 2022Page 24

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Additional Information About the Securities

Minimum ticketing size

 

$1,000 / 1 security

 

Tax considerations

 

Although there is uncertainty regarding the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities due to the lack of governing authority, in the opinion of our counsel, Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP, under current law, and based on current market conditions, a security should be treated as a single financial contract that is an “open transaction” for U.S. federal income tax purposes.  However, because our counsel’s opinion is based in part on market conditions as of the date of this document, it is subject to confirmation on the pricing date.

 

Assuming this treatment of the securities is respected and subject to the discussion in “United States Federal Taxation” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS, the following U.S. federal income tax consequences should result based on current law:

 

§A U.S. Holder should not be required to recognize taxable income over the term of the securities prior to settlement, other than pursuant to a sale or exchange.  

 

§Upon sale, exchange or settlement of the securities, a U.S. Holder should recognize gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and the U.S. Holder’s tax basis in the securities.  Subject to the discussion below concerning the potential application of the “constructive ownership” rule, such gain or loss should be long-term capital gain or loss if the investor has held the securities for more than one year, and short-term capital gain or loss otherwise.

 

Because the securities are linked to shares of an exchange-traded fund, although the matter is not clear, there is a substantial risk that an investment in the securities will be treated as a “constructive ownership transaction” under Section 1260 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).  If this treatment applies, all or a portion of any long-term capital gain of the U.S. Holder in respect of the securities could be recharacterized as ordinary income (in which case an interest charge will be imposed).  As a result of certain features of the securities, including the leveraged upside payment, it is unclear how to calculate the amount of gain that would be recharacterized if an investment in the securities were treated as a constructive ownership transaction.  Due to the lack of governing authority, our counsel is unable to opine as to whether or how Section 1260 of the Code applies to the securities.  U.S. investors should read the section entitled “United States Federal Taxation—Tax Consequences to U.S. Holders—Possible Application of Section 1260 of the Code” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS for additional information and consult their tax advisers regarding the potential application of the “constructive ownership” rule.

 

In 2007, the U.S. Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) released a notice requesting comments on the U.S. federal income tax treatment of “prepaid forward contracts” and similar instruments.  The notice focuses in particular on whether to require holders of these instruments to accrue income over the term of their investment.  It also asks for comments on a number of related topics, including the character of income or loss with respect to these instruments; whether short-term instruments should be subject to any such accrual regime; the relevance of factors such as the exchange-traded status of the instruments and the nature of the underlying property to which the instruments are linked; the degree, if any, to which income (including any mandated accruals) realized by non-U.S. investors should be subject to withholding tax; and whether these instruments are or should be subject to the “constructive ownership” rule, as discussed above.  While the notice requests comments on appropriate transition rules and effective dates, any Treasury regulations or other guidance promulgated after consideration of these issues could materially and adversely affect the tax consequences of an investment in the securities, possibly with retroactive effect.

 

As discussed in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS, Section 871(m) of the Code and Treasury regulations promulgated thereunder (“Section 871(m)”) generally impose a 30% (or a lower applicable treaty rate) withholding tax on dividend equivalents paid or deemed paid to Non-U.S. Holders with respect to certain financial instruments linked to U.S. equities or indices that include U.S. equities (each, an “Underlying Security”).  Subject to certain exceptions, Section 871(m) generally applies to securities that substantially replicate the economic performance of one or more Underlying Securities, as determined based on tests set forth in the applicable Treasury regulations (a “Specified Security”).  However, pursuant to an IRS notice, Section 871(m) will not apply to securities issued before January 1, 2023 that do not have a delta of one with respect to any Underlying Security.  Based on the terms of the securities and current market conditions, we expect that the securities will not have a delta of one with respect to any Underlying Security on the pricing date.  However, we will provide an updated determination in the final pricing supplement.  Assuming that the securities do not have a delta of one with respect to any Underlying Security, our counsel is of the opinion that the securities should not be Specified Securities and, therefore, should not be subject to Section 871(m).

 

February 2022Page 25

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

Our determination is not binding on the IRS, and the IRS may disagree with this determination.  Section 871(m) is complex and its application may depend on your particular circumstances, including whether you enter into other transactions with respect to an Underlying Security.  If withholding is required, we will not be required to pay any additional amounts with respect to the amounts so withheld.  You should consult your tax adviser regarding the potential application of Section 871(m) to the securities.

 

Both U.S. and non-U.S. investors considering an investment in the securities should read the discussion under “Risk Factors” in this document and the discussion under “United States Federal Taxation” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS and consult their tax advisers regarding all aspects of the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in the securities, including possible alternative treatments, the potential application of the constructive ownership rule, the issues presented by the aforementioned notice and any tax consequences arising under the laws of any state, local or non-U.S. taxing jurisdiction.  

 

The discussion in the preceding paragraphs under “Tax considerations” and the discussion contained in the section entitled “United States Federal Taxation” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS, insofar as they purport to describe provisions of U.S. federal income tax laws or legal conclusions with respect thereto, constitute the full opinion of Davis Polk & Wardwell LLP regarding the material U.S. federal tax consequences of an investment in the securities.

 

Use of proceeds and hedging

 

The proceeds from the sale of the securities will be used by us for general corporate purposes.  We will receive, in aggregate, $1,000 per security issued, because, when we enter into hedging transactions in order to meet our obligations under the securities, our hedging counterparty will reimburse the cost of the agent’s commissions.  The costs of the securities borne by you and described beginning on page 4 above comprise the agent’s commissions and the cost of issuing, structuring and hedging the securities.

 

On or prior to the pricing date, we will hedge our anticipated exposure in connection with the securities, by entering into hedging transactions with our affiliates and/or third party dealers.  We expect our hedging counterparties to take positions in the underlying, futures and options contracts on the underlying, or positions in any other available securities or instruments that they may wish to use in connection with such hedging.  Such purchase activity could increase the price of the underlying on the pricing date, and therefore increase the price at or above which the underlying must close on the calculation day so that investors do not suffer a loss on their initial investment in the securities.  In addition, through our affiliates, we are likely to modify our hedge position throughout the term of the securities, including on the calculation day, by purchasing and selling futures or options contracts on the underlying or positions in any other available securities or instruments that we may wish to use in connection with such hedging activities.  As a result, these entities may be unwinding or adjusting hedge positions during the term of the securities, and the hedging strategy may involve greater and more frequent dynamic adjustments to the hedge as the calculation day approaches.  We cannot give any assurance that our hedging activities will not affect the price of the underlying, and, therefore, adversely affect the value of the securities or the payment you will receive at maturity.  For further information on our use of proceeds and hedging, see “Use of Proceeds and Hedging” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS.

 

Additional considerations

 

Client accounts over which Morgan Stanley, Morgan Stanley Wealth Management or any of their respective subsidiaries have investment discretion are not permitted to purchase the securities, either directly or indirectly.

 

Supplemental information regarding plan of distribution; conflicts of interest

 

MS & Co. and WFS will act as the agents for this offering.  WFS will receive a commission of up to $21.25 for each security it sells.  WFS proposes to offer the securities in part directly to the public at the price to public set forth on the cover page of this document and in part to Wells Fargo Advisors (“WFA”) (the trade name of the retail brokerage business of WFS’s affiliates, Wells Fargo Clearing Services, LLC and Wells Fargo Advisors Financial Network, LLC), an affiliate of WFS, or other securities dealers at such price less a selling concession of up to $12.50 per security.  In addition to the selling concession allowed to WFA, WFS will pay $0.75 per security of the commission to WFA as a distribution expense fee for each security sold by WFA.

 

In addition, in respect of certain securities sold in this offering, we may pay a fee of up to $1.00 per security to selected securities dealers in consideration for marketing and other services in connection with the distribution of the securities to other securities dealers.

 

February 2022Page 26

 Morgan Stanley Finance LLC

Market Linked Securities—Leveraged Upside Participation to a Cap and Fixed Percentage Buffered Downside

Principal at Risk Securities Linked to the ARK Innovation ETF due May 18, 2023 

See "Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)" in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS for information about the distribution arrangements for the securities.  References therein to "agent" refer to each of MS & Co. and WFS, as agents for this offering, except that references to "agent" in the context of offers to certain Morgan Stanley dealers and compliance with FINRA Rule 5121 do not apply to WFS.  MS & Co., WFS or their affiliates may enter into hedging transactions with us in connection with this offering.

 

MS & Co. is an affiliate of MSFL and a wholly owned subsidiary of Morgan Stanley, and it and other affiliates of ours expect to make a profit by selling, structuring and, when applicable, hedging the securities.  When MS & Co. prices this offering of securities, it will determine the economic terms of the securities, including the maximum return, such that for each security the estimated value on the pricing date will be no lower than the minimum level described in “Estimated Value of the Securities” beginning on page 4.

 

MS & Co. will conduct this offering in compliance with the requirements of FINRA Rule 5121 of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., which is commonly referred to as FINRA, regarding a FINRA member firm’s distribution of the securities of an affiliate and related conflicts of interest.  MS & Co. or any of our other affiliates may not make sales in this offering to any discretionary account.  See “Plan of Distribution (Conflicts of Interest)” and “Use of Proceeds and Hedging” in the accompanying product supplement for PLUS.

 

Where you can find more information

 

Morgan Stanley and MSFL have filed a registration statement (including a prospectus, as supplemented by the product supplement for PLUS) with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, for the offering to which this communication relates.  You should read the prospectus in that registration statement, the product supplement for PLUS and any other documents relating to this offering that Morgan Stanley and MSFL have filed with the SEC for more complete information about Morgan Stanley, MSFL and this offering.  You may get these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC web site at.www.sec.gov.  Alternatively, Morgan Stanley, MSFL, any underwriter or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the product supplement for PLUS and prospectus if you so request by calling toll-free 1-(800)-584-6837.

 

You may access these documents on the SEC web site at.www.sec.gov as follows:

 

Product Supplement for PLUS dated November 16, 2020

Prospectus dated November 16, 2020

 

Terms used but not defined in this document are defined in the product supplement for PLUS or in the prospectus.

 

“Performance Leveraged Upside SecuritiesSM” and “PLUSSM” are our service marks.

 

February 2022Page 27