EX-3.1 3 e31.htm Exhibit 3.1
                                                                       FILED
                                                               IN THE OFFICE OF THE
                                                                 STATE OF NEVADA
                                                                   DEC 30 1993
                                                                     17607-93

                            ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                                  GOPHER, INC.



         Know all men by these presents;

         That I, the undersigned, acting as incorporator for the purpose of
forming a corporation under and pursuant to the provisions of Nevada Revised
Statutes 78.010 to Nevada Revised Statutes 78.090 inclusive, as amended, and
certify that;

                                   ARTICLE I

         The name of this corporation is GOPHER, INC.

         The name and post office address of the incorporator signing the
Articles of Incorporation is: Krista Castleton, 3760 So. Highland Drive, Suite
330, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84106. The name and address of the first member of
the First Board of Directors is; Krista Castleton, 3760 So. Highland Drive,
Suite 300, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84106.

                                   ARTICLE II

         The Resident Agent of this corporation in Nevada shall be Nevada
Corporate Services located at 1800 E. Sahara, Suite 107, Las Vegas, Clark
County, Nevada, 89104. Offices for the transaction of any business of the
Corporation, and where meetings of the Board of Directors and of Stockholders
may be held, may be established and maintained in any other part of the State of
Nevada, or in any other state, territory or possession of the United States of
America, or in any foreign country as the Board of Directors may, from time to
time determine.

                                   ARTICLE III

         The nature of the business and the objects and purpose proposed to be
transacted, promoted or carried on by the Corporation is to conduct any lawful
activity in accordance with the Laws of the State of Nevada and


                                       1



the United States of America, including but not limited to inventing,
developing, marketing, and otherwise exploiting high technology electronic
communication systems, both hardware and software components, particularly
systems utilizing security coding and protective transmitting and receiving.

         To do each and everything necessary, suitable or proper for the
accomplishment of any of the foregoing purposes or the attainment of any one or
more at the subjects hereinabove enumerated, or which may at any time appear
conducive to or expedient for the protection or benefit of this Corporation, and
to do such acts as fully and to the same extent as natural persons might, or
could do, in any part of the world as principals, agents, partners, trustees, or
otherwise, either alone or in conjunction with any other person, association or
corporation. The period of duration of this Corporation is perpetual.

         The foregoing clauses shall be construed as powers as well as objects
and purposes and the matters expressed in each clause shall, unless herein
otherwise expressly provided, be in no wise limited by reference to or inference
from the terms of any other clause shall be regarded as independent objects,
purposes and powers and the enumeration at specific objects, purposes and powers
shall not be construed to limit or restrict in any manner the meaning of the
general terms or the general powers of the Corporation nor shall the expression
of one thing be deemed to exclude another not expressed although it be of like
nature.

                                   ARTICLE IV

         The aggregate number of shares which the Corporation shall have
authority to issue is 100,000,000 shares, having a par value of $0.001 (one
mill) per share. The stock shall be designated as Class "A" voting common stock
and shall have the same rights and preferences. The stock of the Corporation
shall be nonassessable. Fully paid stock of this Corporation shall not be liable
for any further call or assessment. The total capitalization of the Corporation
shall be $100,000. The shares of Class "A" common stock shall not be divided
into classes and may not be issued in series.

                                   ARTICLE V

         No stockholder of the Corporation shall, because of his ownership of
stock, have a pre-emptive or other


                                       2




         right to purchase, subscribe for or take part of any of the notes,
debentures, bonds or other securities convertible into or carrying options for
warrants to purchase stock of the Corporation issued, optioned or sold by it
after its incorporation, except as may be otherwise stated in these Article of
Incorporation. Any part of the capital stock and any part of the notes,
debentures, bonds, or other securities convertible into or carrying options or
warranties to purchase stock of the Corporation authorized by these Articles of
Incorporation or by an amended certificate duly filed may at any time be issued,
optioned for sale and sold or disposed or by the Corporation pursuant to the
resolution of its Board of Directors to such persons and upon such terms as may
to such Board of Directors seem proper, without first offering such stock or
securities or any part thereof to existing stockholders, except as required in
Article IV of these Articles of Incorporation.

                                   ARTICLE VI

         Each outstanding share of the class "A" common stock of the Corporation
shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of
the stockholders. Each shareholder shall be entitled to vote his or its shares
in person or by proxy, executed in writing by such shareholder or by its duly
authorized attorney in fact. At each election for directors, every shareholder
entitled to vote at such election shall have the right to vote in person or by
proxy, the number of shares owned by him or it for as many be as there are
directors to be elected and for whose election he or it has the right to vote,
but the shareholder shall have no right; whatsoever, to accumulate his or its
votes with regard to such election.

                                  ARTICLE VII

         The members of the governing board of this corporation shall be called
directors. The Board of Directors shall consist of at least one (1) person. The
number of directors of this corporation may, from time to time, be increased or
decreased by an amendment to the By-Laws in that regard and without the
necessity of amending the Articles of Incorporation. A majority of the Directors
in office, present at any meeting of the Board of Directors, duly called,
whether regular or special, shall always constitute a quorum for the transaction
of business, unless the By-Laws otherwise provide. Directors need not be
residents of the State of Nevada or


                                       3



stockholders of the Corporation.

                                  ARTICLE VIII

         This Corporation shall have a president, a secretary, a treasurer, and
a resident agent, to be chosen by the Board of Directors, any person may hold
two or more offices.

                                   ARTICLE IX

         The capital stock of the Corporation, after the fixed consideration
thereof has been paid or performed, shall not be subject to assessment, and the
individual stockholders of this Corporation shall not be individually liable for
the debts and liabilities of the Corporation, and the Articles of Incorporation
shall never be amended as to the aforesaid provisions.

                                   ARTICLE X

         The Board of Directors is expressly authorized; (subject to the
By-Laws, if any, adopted by the Stockholders)

         1) To make, alter or amend the By-Laws of the Corporation.

         2) To fix the amount in cash or otherwise, to be reserved as working
capital.

         3) To authorize and cause to be executed mortgages and liens upon the
property and franchises of the Corporation.

         4) To by resolution or resolutions passed by a majority of the whole
board, designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or
more of the Directors of the Corporation, which, to the extent provided in the
resolution or resolutions or in the By-Laws of the Corporation, shall have and
may exercise the powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the
business and affairs of the Corporation, and may have power to authorize the
seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers on which the Corporation
desires to place a seal. Such committee or committees shall have such name or
names as may be stated in the ByLaws of the Corporation or as may be determined
from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of

                                        4




         5) To sell, lease or exchange all of its property and assets, including
its goodwill and its corporate franchises, upon such terms and conditions as the
board deems expedient and for the best interests of the Corporation, when and as
authorized by the affirmative vote of the stockholders holding stock in the
Corporation entitling them to exercise at least a majority of the voting power
given at a stockholders meeting called for that purpose.

                                   ARTICLE XI

         In the absence of fraud, no contract or other transaction of the
Corporation shall be affected by the fact that any of the Directors are in any
way interested in, or connected with, any other party to such contractor,
transaction, or are themselves, parties to such contract or transaction,
provided that this interest in any such contract or transaction of any such
director shall at any time be fully disclosed or otherwise known to the Board of
Directors, and each and every person who may become a director of the
Corporation is hereby relieved of any liability that might otherwise exist from
contracting with the Corporation for the benefit of himself or any firm,
association or corporation in which he may be in any way interested.

                                  ARTICLE XII

         No director or officer of the Corporation shall be personally liable to
the Corporation or any of its stockholders for damages for breach of fiduciary
duty as a director or officer involving any act of omission of any such director
or officer provided, however, that the foregoing provision shall not eliminate
or limit the liability of a director or officer for acts or omissions which
involve intentional misconduct, fraud or a knowing violation of law, or the
payment of dividends in violation of Section 78.300 of the Nevada Revised
Statutes. Any repeal or modification of this Article by the stockholders of the
Corporation shall be prospective only, and shall not adversely affect any
limitation on the personal liability of a director or officer of the Corporation
for acts or omissions prior to such repeal or modification.


                                       5


         I, the undersigned, being the incorporator hereinbefore named for the
purpose of forming a corporation pursuant to the general corporation law of the
State of Nevada, do make and file these Articles of Incorporation, hereby
declaring and certifying that the facts herein stated are true, and accordingly
have hereunto set my hand.


                              /s/ Krista Castleton
                              --------------------


State of Utah       )
                    ) ss
County of Salt Lake )

         On December 29, 1993 personally appeared before me, the undersigned, a
Notary Public, Krista Castleton, known to me the person whose name is subscribed
to the foregoing document and acknowledged to me that she executed the same.

                               /s/ David R. Yeaman
                               -------------------
                                  Notary Public


                                                           [Seal of notary here]
                                       5




                                                                    FILED
                                                           IN THE OFFICE OF THE
                                                        SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE
                                                              STATE OF NEVADA
                                                                MAR 30 1999
                                                               NO. C17607-93
                                                              /s/ Dean Heller
                                                       DEAN HELLER, SECRETARY OF STATE


                            CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
                                       TO
                           ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                                  GOPHER, INC.
                                  ------------


         The undersigned, being the President and Secretary of Gopher, Inc.,
hereby declare that the original Articles of the corporation were filed with the
Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on December 3O, 1993. Pursuant to the
provisions of NRS 78.385-39O, at a duly noticed and convened meeting of the
shareholders of Gopher, Inc. held on March 30th, 1999, the Shareholders of the
corporation, representing a majority of the voting power of the company's Common
Stock, unanimously voted for the following amendments to the Articles of
Incorporation:

         ARTICLE I: NAME: The name of the corporation is: SeaView Underwater
Research, Inc.

         THE UNDERSIGNED, being, being the President and Secretary of Gopher,
Inc. hereby declare and certify that the facts herein stated are true and,
accordingly, have hereunto set their hands this 30th day of March, 1999.

                                 /s/ Rich McBride
                                 ------------------------------
                                                      President

                                 /s/ James R. Cox
                                 ------------------------------
                                                      Secretary

STATE OF FLORIDA    )
                    ) ss:
COUNTY OF PINELLAS  )

         On this 29th day of March, 1999, before me, a Notary Public, personally
appeared Rich McBride, persona11y known or proven to me to be the President of
Gopher, Inc. and that he executed the above instrument.

                                                          /s/ Jennifer L. Jerger
                                                          ----------------------
                                                              Notary Public


STATE OF FLORIDA    )
                    ) ss:
COUNTY OF PINELLAS  )

         On this 29th day of March, 1999, before me, a Notary Public, personally
appeared James R. Cox, personally known or proven to me to be the Secretary of
Gopher, Inc. and that he executed the above instrument.

                                                          /s/ Jennifer L. Jerger
                                                          ----------------------
                                                              Notary Public





                                                                 FILED #C17607-93
                                                                    FEB 02 2000
                                                                 IN THE OFFICE OF
                                                                 /s/ Dean Heller
                                                          DEAN HELLER SECRETARY OF STATE



                            CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT
                                       TO
                           ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
                                       OF
                       SEAVIEW UNDERWATER RESEARCH, INC.


         The undersigned, being the President and Secretary of Seaview
Underwater Research, Inc., hereby declare that the original Articles of the
corporation were filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada on
December 30, 1993. Pursuant to the provisions of NRS 78.385-390, at a duly
noticed and convened meeting of the Shareholders, by majority vote, the
following amendment to the Articles of Incorporation was duly adopted:

         ARTICLE I. The name of the corporation shall be Seaview Video
Technology, Inc.

         THE UNDERSIGNED, being the President and Secretary of Seaview
Underwater Research, Inc. hereby declare and certify that the facts herein
stated are true and, accordingly, have hereunto set their hands this 25th day
January, 2000.


                              /s/ Richard L. McBride
                              -------------------------------------
                              Richard L. McBride, President


                              /s/ James R. Cox
                              -------------------------------------
                              James R. Cox, Secretary




STATE OF FLORIDA    )
                    ) ss:
COUNTY OF PINELLAS  )

         On this 29th day of March, 1999, before me, a Notary Public, personally
appeared Rich McBride, personally known or proven to me to be the President of
Gopher, Inc. and that he executed the above instrument.

                                                          /s/ Jennifer L. Jerger
                                                          ----------------------
                                                              Notary Public


STATE OF FLORIDA    )
                    ) ss:
COUNTY OF PINELLAS  )

         On this 29th day of March, 1999, before me, a Notary Public, personally
appeared James R. Cox, personally known or proven to me to be the Secretary of
Gopher, Inc. and that he executed the above instrument.

                                                          /s/ Jennifer L. Jerger
                                                          ----------------------
                                                              Notary Public