10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2021

☐ Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from                          to                         

Commission file number 000-19969

ARCBEST CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization) 71-0673405 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

8401 McClure Drive

Fort Smith, Arkansas 72916

(479) 785-6000

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including

area code, of the registrant’s principal executive offices)

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock $0.01 Par Value	ARCB	Nasdaq

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☒	Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☐	Smaller reporting company ☐
Emerging growth company ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class	Outstanding at April 30, 2021
Common Stock, $0.01 par value	25,385,513 shares

ARCBEST CORPORATION

INDEX

		Page
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements
	Consolidated Balance Sheets — March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020	3
	Consolidated Statements of Operations — For the Three Months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	4
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income — For the Three Months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	5
	Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity — For the Three Months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	6
	Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows — For the Three Months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020	7
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	24
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	43
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	43
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	44
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	44
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	44
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	44
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	44
Item 5.	Other Information	44
Item 6.	Exhibits	45
SIGNATURES		46

PART I.

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

ARCBEST CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(Unaudited)
	(in thousands, except share data)
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$	301,542	$	303,954
Short-term investments		59,316		65,408
Accounts receivable, less allowances (2021 – $7,736; 2020 – $7,851)		344,242		320,870
Other accounts receivable, less allowances (2021 – $662; 2020 – $660)		13,766		14,343
Prepaid expenses		40,356		37,774
Prepaid and refundable income taxes		4,604		11,397
Other		4,893		4,422
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS		768,719		758,168
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Land and structures		344,282		342,178
Revenue equipment		914,140		916,760
Service, office, and other equipment		235,727		233,810
Software		169,004		163,193
Leasehold improvements		15,534		15,156
		1,678,687		1,671,097
Less allowances for depreciation and amortization		1,015,989		992,407
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, net		662,698		678,690
GOODWILL		88,320		88,320
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net		54,028		54,981
OPERATING RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS		111,412		115,195
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES		6,289		6,158
OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS		76,549		77,496
TOTAL ASSETS	$	1,768,015	$	1,779,008
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	$	177,885	$	170,898
Income taxes payable		—		316
Accrued expenses		235,161		246,746
Current portion of long-term debt		66,064		67,105
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		21,632		21,482
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES		500,742		506,547
LONG-TERM DEBT, less current portion		200,773		217,119
OPERATING LEASE LIABILITIES, less current portion		94,473		97,839
POSTRETIREMENT LIABILITIES, less current portion		18,518		18,555
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES		33,992		37,948
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES		67,608		72,407
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 70,000,000 shares; issued 2021: 29,057,374 shares, 2020: 29,045,309 shares		291		290
Additional paid-in capital		344,542		342,354
Retained earnings		617,256		595,932
Treasury stock, at cost, 2021: 3,671,861 shares; 2020: 3,656,938 shares		(112,174)		(111,173)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		1,994		1,190
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY		851,909		828,593
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	1,768,015	$	1,779,008

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

3

ARCBEST CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(Unaudited)
	(in thousands, except share and per share data)
REVENUES	$	829,213	$	701,399
OPERATING EXPENSES		797,022		693,580
OPERATING INCOME		32,191		7,819
OTHER INCOME (COSTS)
Interest and dividend income		392		1,375
Interest and other related financing costs		(2,428)		(2,947)
Other, net		1,192		(3,862)
		(844)		(5,434)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES		31,347		2,385
INCOME TAX PROVISION		7,986		483
NET INCOME	$	23,361	$	1,902
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$	0.92	$	0.07
Diluted	$	0.87	$	0.07
AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic		25,454,921		25,390,377
Diluted		26,930,402		26,246,800
CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE	$	0.08	$	0.08

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

4

ARCBEST CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(Unaudited)
	(in thousands)
NET INCOME	$	23,361	$	1,902
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), net of tax
Postretirement benefit plans:
Net actuarial loss, net of tax of: (2021 – $—; 2020 – $3)		—		(8)
Pension settlement expense, net of tax of: (2021 – $—; 2020 – $23)		—		66
Amortization of unrecognized net periodic benefit credit, net of tax of: (2021 – $35; 2020 – $37)
Net actuarial gain		(100)		(108)
Interest rate swap and foreign currency translation:
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, net of tax of: (2021 – $204; 2020 – $352)		575		(997)
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of: (2021 – $118; 2020 – $502)		329		(1,420)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), net of tax		804		(2,467)
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)	$	24,165	$	(565)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

5

ARCBEST CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2021
											Accumulated
				Additional							Other
	Common Stock			Paid-In		Retained		Treasury Stock			Comprehensive		Total
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Earnings		Shares	Amount		Income		Equity
	(Unaudited)
	(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2020	29,045	$	290	$	342,354	$	595,932	3,657	$	(111,173)	$	1,190	$	828,593
Net income							23,361							23,361
Other comprehensive income, net of tax												804		804
Issuance of common stock under share-based compensation plans	12		1		(1)									—
Tax effect of share-based compensation plans					(165)									(165)
Share-based compensation expense					2,354									2,354
Purchase of treasury stock								15		(1,001)				(1,001)
Dividends declared on common stock							(2,037)							(2,037)
Balance at March 31, 2021	29,057	$	291	$	344,542	$	617,256	3,672	$	(112,174)	$	1,994	$	851,909

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2020
											Accumulated
				Additional							Other
	Common Stock			Paid-In		Retained		Treasury Stock			Comprehensive		Total
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Earnings		Shares	Amount		Income (Loss)		Equity
	(Unaudited)
	(in thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2019	28,811	$	288	$	333,943	$	533,187	3,405	$	(104,578)	$	203	$	763,043
Adjustments to beginning retained earnings for adoption of accounting standard							(198)							(198)
Balance at January 1, 2020	28,811		288		333,943		532,989	3,405		(104,578)		203		762,845
Net income							1,902							1,902
Other comprehensive income, net of tax												(2,467)		(2,467)
Issuance of common stock under share-based compensation plans	6													—
Tax effect of share-based compensation plans					(60)									(60)
Share-based compensation expense					2,181									2,181
Purchase of treasury stock								150		(3,162)				(3,162)
Dividends declared on common stock							(2,033)							(2,033)
Balance at March 31, 2020	28,817	$	288	$	336,064	$	532,858	3,555	$	(107,740)	$	(2,264)	$	759,206

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

6

ARCBEST CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(Unaudited)
	(in thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	23,361	$	1,902
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		29,387		28,032
Amortization of intangibles		967		981
Pension settlement expense		—		89
Share-based compensation expense		2,354		2,181
Provision for losses on accounts receivable		(96)		1,383
Change in deferred income taxes		(4,998)		(2,815)
Gain on sale of property and equipment		(8,635)		(2,130)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables		(22,568)		3,874
Prepaid expenses		(2,582)		(3,429)
Other assets		(164)		5,800
Income taxes		6,376		2,949
Operating right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, net		567		(138)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities		(1,435)		(15,550)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES		22,534		23,129
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property, plant and equipment, net of financings		(9,588)		(6,738)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment		10,079		4,692
Purchases of short-term investments		(18,130)		(73,973)
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments		24,418		12,210
Capitalization of internally developed software		(5,705)		(3,342)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES		1,074		(67,151)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Borrowings under credit facilities		—		180,000
Borrowings under accounts receivable securitization program		—		45,000
Payments on long-term debt		(17,387)		(14,598)
Net change in book overdrafts		(5,434)		(10,869)
Payment of common stock dividends		(2,037)		(2,033)
Purchases of treasury stock		(1,001)		(3,162)
Payments for tax withheld on share-based compensation		(161)		(60)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES		(26,020)		194,278
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS		(2,412)		150,256
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period		303,954		201,909
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS CASH AT END OF PERIOD	$	301,542	$	352,165
NONCASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Accruals for equipment received	$	233	$	39
Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets	$	1,959	$	10,370

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

7

ARCBEST CORPORATION

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Unaudited)

NOTE A – ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

ArcBest Corporation^™ (the “Company”) is the parent holding company of freight transportation and integrated logistics businesses providing innovative solutions. The Company’s operations are conducted through its three reportable operating segments: Asset-Based, which consists of ABF Freight System, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries (“ABF Freight”); ArcBest, the Company’s asset-light logistics operation; and FleetNet. References to the Company in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are primarily to the Company and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

The Asset-Based segment represented approximately 64% of the Company’s total revenues before other revenues and intercompany eliminations for the three months ended March 31, 2021. As of March 2021, approximately 82% of the Asset-Based segment’s employees were covered under a collective bargaining agreement, the ABF National Master Freight Agreement (the “2018 ABF NMFA”), with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (the “IBT”), which will remain in effect through June 30, 2023.

Financial Statement Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all information or footnote disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K and other current filings with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which are of a normal and recurring nature) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual amounts may differ from those estimates. The Company considered the impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on the estimates and assumptions used in preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Given the uncertainties regarding the economic environment and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, it is possible that these estimates and assumptions may materially change in future periods.

Reclassifications: Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period presentation in the consolidated statements of cash flows to conform to the current year presentation. The multiemployer pension fund withdrawal liability, which was associated with the 2018 transition agreement and withdrawal from the New England Teamsters and Trucking Industry Pension Fund, was previously presented in a separate line of changes in operating assets and liabilities in the consolidated statements of cash flows and has been reclassed to the accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities line. There was no impact on net cash used in operating activities or total cash and cash equivalents as a result of the reclassification.

Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, was amended to simplify the accounting for income taxes to improve consistency of accounting methods and remove certain exceptions. The amendment was effective for the Company on January 1, 2021, and did not impact the consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

8

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Management believes there is no other new accounting guidance issued but not yet effective that is relevant to the Company’s current financial statements.

NOTE B – FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Financial Instruments

The following table presents the components of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments:

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash deposits(1)	$	236,380	$	240,687
Variable rate demand notes(1)(2)		29,161		29,066
Money market funds(3)		36,001		34,201
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	301,542	$	303,954
Short-term investments
Certificates of deposit(1)	$	59,316	$	53,297
U.S. Treasury securities(4)		—		12,111
Total short-term investments	$	59,316	$	65,408

(1) Recorded at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value.

(2) Amounts may be redeemed on a daily basis with the original issuer.

(3) Recorded at fair value as determined by quoted market prices (see amounts presented in the table of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value within this Note).

(4) Recorded at amortized cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. U.S. Treasury securities included in short-term investments are held-to-maturity investments with maturity dates of less than one year.

The Company’s long-term financial instruments are presented in the table of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value within this Note.

Concentrations of Credit Risk of Financial Instruments

The Company is potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk related to its cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments. The Company reduces credit risk by maintaining its cash deposits primarily in FDIC-insured accounts and placing its short-term investments primarily in FDIC-insured certificates of deposit. However, certain cash deposits and certificates of deposit may exceed federally insured limits. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaling $152.9 million and $156.4 million, respectively, were neither FDIC insured nor direct obligations of the U.S. government.

Fair Value Disclosure of Financial Instruments

Fair value disclosures are made in accordance with the following hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs of market data and market assumptions used to measure fair value are observable or unobservable:

● Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.

● Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

● Level 3 — Unobservable inputs (Company’s market assumptions) that are significant to the valuation model.

9

Fair value and carrying value disclosures of financial instruments are presented in the following table:

	March 31				December 31
	2021				2020
	(in thousands)
		Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
		Value		Value		Value		Value
Credit Facility(1)	$	70,000	$	70,000	$	70,000	$	70,000
Notes payable(2)		196,830		201,282		214,216		217,226
New England Pension Fund withdrawal liability(3)		21,250		23,361		21,407		25,523
	$	288,080	$	294,643	$	305,623	$	312,749

(1) The revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) carries a variable interest rate based on LIBOR, plus a margin, that is considered to be priced at market for debt instruments having similar terms and collateral requirements (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy).

(2) Fair value of the notes payable was determined using a present value income approach based on quoted interest rates from lending institutions with which the Company would enter into similar transactions (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy).

(3) ABF Freight’s multiemployer pension plan obligation with the New England Teamsters and Trucking Industry Pension Fund (the “New England Pension Fund”) was restructured under a transition agreement effective on August 1, 2018, which resulted in a related withdrawal liability (see in Note I to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K). The fair value of the outstanding withdrawal liability is equal to the present value of the future withdrawal liability payments, discounted at an interest rate of 3.4% and 2.6% at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, determined using the 20-year U.S. Treasury rate plus a spread (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy). Included in other long-term liabilities with the current portion included in accrued expenses.

10

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table presents the assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	March 31, 2021
			Fair Value Measurements Using
			Quoted Prices		Significant		Significant
			In Active		Observable		Unobservable
			Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Money market funds(1)	$	36,001	$	36,001	$	—	$	—
Equity, bond, and money market mutual funds held in trust related to the Voluntary Savings Plan(2)		3,017		3,017		—		—
Interest rate swaps(3)		351		—		351		—
	$	39,369	$	39,018	$	351	$	—
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps(3)	$	1,194	$	—	$	1,194	$	—

	December 31, 2020
			Fair Value Measurements Using
			Quoted Prices		Significant		Significant
			In Active		Observable		Unobservable
			Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Money market funds(1)	$	34,201	$	34,201	$	—	$	—
Equity, bond, and money market mutual funds held in trust related to the Voluntary Savings Plan(2)		2,955		2,955		—		—
	$	37,156	$	37,156	$	—	$	—
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps(3)	$	1,622	$	—	$	1,622	$	—

(1) Included in cash and cash equivalents.

(2) Nonqualified deferred compensation plan investments consist of U.S. and international equity mutual funds, government and corporate bond mutual funds, and money market funds which are held in a trust with a third-party brokerage firm. Included in other long-term assets, with a corresponding liability reported within other long-term liabilities.

(3) Included in other long-term assets or other long-term liabilities. The fair values of the interest rate swaps were determined by discounting future cash flows and receipts based on expected interest rates observed in market interest rate curves adjusted for estimated credit valuation considerations reflecting nonperformance risk of the Company and the counterparty, which are considered to be in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company assessed Level 3 inputs as insignificant to the valuation at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and considers the interest rate swap valuations in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

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NOTE C – GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill by reportable operating segment consisted of $87.7 million and $0.6 million reported in the ArcBest and FleetNet segments, respectively, at both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Intangible assets consisted of the following:

		March 31, 2021						December 31, 2020
	Weighted-Average			Accumulated		Net				Accumulated		Net
	Amortization Period	Cost		Amortization		Value			Cost	Amortization		Value
	(in years)	(in thousands)						(in thousands)
Finite-lived intangible assets
Customer relationships	14	$	52,721	$	31,429	$	21,292	$	52,721	$	30,477	$	22,244
Other	13		994		558		436		980		543		437
	14		53,715		31,987		21,728		53,701		31,020		22,681
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Trade name	N/A		32,300		N/A		32,300		32,300		N/A		32,300
Total intangible assets	N/A	$	86,015	$	31,987	$	54,028	$	86,001	$	31,020	$	54,981

The future amortization for intangible assets acquired through business acquisitions as of March 31, 2021 was as follows:

	Amortization of
	Intangible Assets
	(in thousands)
Remainder of 2021	$	2,870
2022		3,815
2023		3,722
2024		3,689
2025		3,674
Thereafter		3,958
Total amortization	$	21,728

NOTE D – INCOME TAXES

The effective tax rate was 25.5% and 20.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. State tax rates vary among states and average approximately 6.0% to 6.5%, although some state rates are higher and a small number of states do not impose an income tax.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the difference between the Company’s effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate primarily resulted from state income taxes, nondeductible expenses, changes in the cash surrender value of life insurance, federal research and development tax credits, changes in tax valuation allowances, and tax benefit from the vesting of stock awards. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the difference between the Company’s effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate primarily resulted from state income taxes, nondeductible expenses, changes in the cash surrender value of life insurance, federal alternative fuel and research development tax credits, changes in valuation allowances, and the reversal of an uncertain tax position.

As of March 31, 2021, the Company’s deferred tax liabilities, which will reverse in future years, exceeded the deferred tax assets. The Company evaluated the total deferred tax assets at March 31, 2021 and concluded that, other than for certain deferred tax assets related to foreign and state tax credit carryforwards and federal and state net operating losses, the assets did not exceed the amount for which realization is more likely than not. In making this determination, the Company considered the future reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, future taxable income, and tax planning strategies. Valuation allowances for deferred tax assets totaled $1.4 million and $1.3 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

12

The Company had a reserve for uncertain tax positions of $0.9 million at December 31, 2020. The reserve was reversed in the first quarter of 2020 due to the expiration of the statute of limitations. At March 31, 2021, the Company has no reserve for uncertain tax positions.

The Company paid federal and state income taxes of $6.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021, and paid foreign and state income taxes of $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020, respectively. The Company received refunds of less than $0.1 million of federal and state income taxes and refunds of $0.4 million of federal income taxes that were paid in prior years during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

NOTE E – LEASES

The Company leases, under finance and operating lease arrangements, certain facilities used primarily in the Asset-Based segment service center operations, certain revenue equipment used in the ArcBest segment operations, and certain other office equipment.

The components of operating lease expense were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021		March 31, 2020
	(in thousands)
Operating lease expense	$	6,642	$	5,796
Variable lease expense		1,332		1,040
Sublease income		(155)		(92)
Total operating lease expense(1)	$	7,819	$	6,744

(1) Operating lease expense excludes short-term leases with a term of 12 months or less.

The operating cash flows from operating lease activity were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021		March 31, 2020
	(in thousands)
Noncash change in operating right-of-use assets	$	5,741	$	5,815
Change in operating lease liabilities		(5,174)		(5,953)
Operating right-of-use-assets and lease liabilities, net	$	567	$	(138)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	(6,079)	$	(5,925)

Maturities of operating lease liabilities at March 31, 2021 were as follows:

					Equipment
			Land and		and
	Total		Structures		Other
	(in thousands)
Remainder of 2021	$	18,816	$	18,748	$	68
2022		21,459		21,423		36
2023		17,248		17,223		25
2024		15,088		15,088		—
2025		12,561		12,561		—
Thereafter		43,109		43,109		—
Total lease payments		128,281		128,152		129
Less imputed interest		(12,176)		(12,174)		(2)
Total	$	116,105	$	115,978	$	127

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NOTE F – LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

Long-Term Debt Obligations

Long-term debt consisted of borrowings outstanding under the Company’s revolving credit facility which is further described in Financing Arrangements within this Note, and notes payable and finance lease obligations related to the financing of revenue equipment (tractors and trailers used primarily in Asset-Based segment operations), certain other equipment, and software as follows:

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Credit Facility (interest rate of 1.2%(1) at March 31, 2021)	$	70,000	$	70,000
Notes payable (weighted-average interest rate of 3.0% at March 31, 2021)		196,830		214,216
Finance lease obligations (weighted-average interest rate of 3.3% at March 31, 2021)		7		8
		266,837		284,224
Less current portion		66,064		67,105
Long-term debt, less current portion	$	200,773	$	217,119

(1) The interest rate swap mitigates interest rate risk by effectively converting $50.0 million of borrowings under the Credit Facility from variable-rate interest to fixed-rate interest with a per annum rate of 3.12% based on the margin of the Credit Facility as of both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Scheduled maturities of long-term debt obligations as of March 31, 2021 were as follows:

			Credit		Notes		Finance Lease
	Total		Facility(1)		Payable		Obligations
	(in thousands)
Due in one year or less	$	71,839	$	899	$	70,933	$	7
Due after one year through two years		60,650		1,005		59,645		—
Due after two years through three years		43,891		1,362		42,529		—
Due after three years through four years		98,088		70,854		27,234		—
Due after four years through five years		6,117		—		6,117		—
Due after five years		—		—		—		—
Total payments		280,585		74,120		206,458		7
Less amounts representing interest		13,748		4,120		9,628		—
Long-term debt	$	266,837	$	70,000	$	196,830	$	7

(1) The future interest payments included in the scheduled maturities due are calculated using variable interest rates based on the LIBOR swap curve, plus the anticipated applicable margin.

Assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases were included in property, plant and equipment as follows:

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Revenue equipment	$	325,562	$	326,823
Service, office, and other equipment		26,270		26,270
Total assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases		351,832		353,093
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(1)		126,398		115,424
Net assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases	$	225,434	$	237,669

(1) Amortization of assets held under finance leases and depreciation of assets securing notes payable are included in depreciation expense.

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Financing Arrangements

Credit Facility

The Company has a revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) under its Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with an initial maximum credit amount of $250.0 million, including a swing line facility in an aggregate amount of up to $25.0 million and a letter of credit sub-facility providing for the issuance of letters of credit up to an aggregate amount of $20.0 million. The Company may request additional revolving commitments or incremental term loans thereunder up to an aggregate amount of $125.0 million, subject to certain additional conditions as provided in the Credit Agreement. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had available borrowing capacity of $180.0 million under the initial maximum credit amount of the Credit Facility.

Principal payments under the Credit Facility are due upon maturity of the facility on October 1, 2024; however, borrowings may be repaid, at the Company’s discretion, in whole or in part at any time, without penalty, subject to required notice periods and compliance with minimum prepayment amounts. The Credit Agreement contains conditions, representations and warranties, events of default, and indemnification provisions that are customary for financings of this type, including, but not limited to, a minimum interest coverage ratio, a maximum adjusted leverage ratio, and limitations on incurrence of debt, investments, liens on assets, certain sale and leaseback transactions, transactions with affiliates, mergers, consolidations, purchases and sales of assets, and certain restricted payments. The Company was in compliance with the covenants under the Credit Agreement at March 31, 2021.

Interest Rate Swaps

The Company has an interest rate swap agreement with a $50.0 million notional amount which started on January 2, 2020 and will mature on June 30, 2022. The Company receives floating-rate interest amounts based on one-month LIBOR in exchange for fixed-rate interest payments of 1.99% over the life of the agreement. The interest rate swap mitigates interest rate risk by effectively converting $50.0 million of borrowings under the Credit Facility from variable-rate interest to fixed-rate interest with a per annum rate of 3.12% based on the margin of the Credit Facility as of March 31, 2021. The fair value of the interest rate swap of $1.2 million and $1.4 million was recorded in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The Company also has an interest rate swap agreement with a $50.0 million notional amount interest rate swap agreement which will start on June 30, 2022 and mature on October 1, 2024. The Company will receive floating-rate interest amounts based on one-month LIBOR in exchange for fixed-rate interest payments of 0.43% beginning on June 30, 2022 throughout the remaining term of the agreement. From June 30, 2022 to October 1, 2024, the extended interest rate swap agreement will effectively convert $50.0 million of borrowings under the Credit Facility from variable-rate interest to fixed-rate interest with a per annum rate of 1.56% based on the margin of the Credit Facility as of March 31, 2021. The fair value of the interest rate swap of $0.4 million was recorded in other long-term assets and $0.2 million was recorded in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The unrealized gain or loss on the interest rate swap instruments was reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, in stockholders’ equity at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, and the change in the unrealized loss on the interest rate swaps for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was reported in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The interest rate swaps are subject to certain customary provisions that could allow the counterparty to request immediate settlement of the fair value liability or asset upon violation of any or all of the provisions. The Company was in compliance with all provisions of the interest rate swap agreements at March 31, 2021.

Accounts Receivable Securitization Program

The Company’s accounts receivable securitization program, which matures on October 1, 2021, allows for cash proceeds of $125.0 million to be provided under the program and has an accordion feature allowing the Company to request additional borrowings up to $25.0 million, subject to certain conditions.

Under this program, certain subsidiaries of the Company continuously sell a designated pool of trade accounts receivables to a wholly owned subsidiary which, in turn, may borrow funds on a revolving basis. This wholly owned consolidated subsidiary is a separate bankruptcy-remote entity, and its assets would be available only to satisfy the claims related to the

15

lender’s interest in the trade accounts receivables. Borrowings under the accounts receivable securitization program bear interest based upon LIBOR, plus a margin, and an annual facility fee. The securitization agreement contains representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants, and events of default that are customary for financings of this type, including a maximum adjusted leverage ratio covenant. The Company was in compliance with the covenants under the accounts receivable securitization program at March 31, 2021.

The accounts receivable securitization program includes a provision under which the Company may request and the letter of credit issuer may issue standby letters of credit, primarily in support of workers’ compensation and third-party casualty claims liabilities in various states in which the Company is self-insured. The outstanding standby letters of credit reduce the availability of borrowings under the program. As of March 31, 2021, standby letters of credit of $11.7 million have been issued under the program, which reduced the available borrowing capacity to $113.3 million.

Letter of Credit Agreements and Surety Bond Programs

As of March 31, 2021, the Company had letters of credit outstanding of $12.3 million (including $11.7 million issued under the accounts receivable securitization program). The Company has programs in place with multiple surety companies for the issuance of surety bonds in support of its self-insurance program. As of March 31, 2021, surety bonds outstanding related to the self-insurance program totaled $61.6 million.

NOTE G – POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

Supplemental Benefit and Postretirement Health Benefit Plans

The following is a summary of the components of net periodic benefit cost:

	Three Months Ended March 31
	Supplemental				Postretirement
	Benefit Plan				Health Benefit Plan
	2021		2020		2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	48	$	47
Interest cost		1		3		107		144
Pension settlement expense(1)		—		89		—		—
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss(2)		2		4		(137)		(149)
Net periodic benefit cost(3)	$	3	$	96	$	18	$	42

(1) For the three months ended March 31, 2020, pension settlement expense for the supplemental benefit pension plan of $0.1 million (pre-tax), or $0.1 million (after-tax), was due to a $0.7 million benefit related to an officer retirement.

(2) The Company amortizes actuarial gains and losses over the average remaining active service period of the plan participants and does not use a corridor approach.

(3) Service cost is reported within operating expenses and the other components of net periodic benefit cost (including pension settlement expense) are reported within the other line item of other income (costs) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Multiemployer Plans

ABF Freight System, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries reported in the Company’s Asset-Based operating segment (“ABF Freight”) contribute to multiemployer pension and health and welfare plans, which have been established pursuant to the Taft-Hartley Act, to provide benefits for its contractual employees. The 25 multiemployer pension plans to which ABF Freight contributes vary greatly in size and in funded status. Contributions to these plans are based generally on the time worked by ABF Freight’s contractual employees at rates specified in the 2018 ABF NMFA and other related supplemental agreements. ABF Freight recognizes as expense the contractually required contributions for each period and recognizes as a liability any contributions due and unpaid. The funding obligations to the multiemployer pension plans are intended to satisfy the requirements imposed by the Pension Protection Act of 2006, which was permanently extended by the Multiemployer Pension Reform Act (the “Reform Act”) included in the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act of 2015.

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Approximately one half of ABF Freight’s total contributions to multiemployer pension plans are made to the Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Plan (the “Central States Pension Plan”). As set forth in the 2020 Annual Funding Notice for the Central States Pension Plan, the funded percentage of the plan was 19.5% as of January 1, 2020. In the Notice of Critical and Declining Status for the Central States Pension Plan dated March 31, 2021, the plan’s actuary certified that the plan is in critical and declining status, as defined by the Reform Act, for the plan year beginning January 1, 2021. Critical and declining status is applicable to critical status plans that are projected to become insolvent anytime within the next 14 plan years, or if the plan is projected to become insolvent within the next 19 plan years and either the plan’s ratio of inactive participants to active participants exceeds two to one or the plan’s funded percentage is less than 80%.

On March 11, 2021, H.R.1319, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (the “American Rescue Plan Act”) was signed into law. The American Rescue Plan Act includes the Butch Lewis Emergency Pension Plan Relief Act of 2021 (the “Pension Relief Act”). The Pension Relief Act includes provisions to improve funding for multiemployer pension plans, including financial assistance provided through the Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation (the “PBGC”) to qualifying underfunded plans to secure pension benefits for plan participants. Without the funding to be provided by the Pension Relief Act, many of the multiemployer pension funds to which ABF Freight contributes, including the Central States Pension Plan, could become insolvent in the near future; however, ABF Freight would continue to be obligated to make contributions to those funds under the terms of the 2018 ABF NMFA.

Through the term of the 2018 ABF NMFA, which extends through June 30, 2023, ABF Freight’s multiemployer pension contribution obligations generally will be satisfied by making the specified contributions when due. Future contribution rates will be determined through the negotiation process for contract periods following the term of the current collective bargaining agreement. While the Company cannot determine with any certainty the contributions that will be required under future collective bargaining agreements for ABF Freight’s contractual employees, management believes future contribution rates to multiemployer pension plans may be less likely to increase as a result of the provisions of the Pension Relief Act. If ABF Freight was to completely withdraw from certain multiemployer pension plans, under current law, ABF Freight would have material liabilities for its share of the unfunded vested liabilities of each such plan. More information will become available as the PBGC develops and issues regulations to implement the financial assistance program provided by the American Rescue Plan Act.

The multiemployer plan administrators have provided to the Company no other significant changes in information related to multiemployer plans from the information disclosed in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

NOTE H – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Components of accumulated other comprehensive income were as follows:

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Pre-tax amounts:
Unrecognized net periodic benefit credit	$	4,255	$	4,390
Interest rate swap		(843)		(1,622)
Foreign currency translation		(735)		(1,182)
Total	$	2,677	$	1,586
After-tax amounts:
Unrecognized net periodic benefit credit	$	3,160	$	3,260
Interest rate swap		(623)		(1,198)
Foreign currency translation		(543)		(872)
Total	$	1,994	$	1,190

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The following is a summary of the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

			Unrecognized			Interest	Foreign
			Net Periodic			Rate	Currency
	Total		Benefit Costs			Swap	Translation
	(in thousands)
Balances at December 31, 2020	$	1,190	$	3,260	$	(1,198)	$	(872)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		904		—		575		329
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		(100)		(100)		—		—
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		804		(100)		575		329
Balances at March 31, 2021	$	1,994	$	3,160	$	(623)	$	(543)
Balances at December 31, 2019		203		2,152		(416)		(1,533)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(2,425)		(8)		(997)		(1,420)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		(42)		(42)		—		—
Net current-period other comprehensive loss		(2,467)		(50)		(997)		(1,420)
Balances at March 31, 2020	$	(2,264)	$	2,102	$	(1,413)	$	(2,953)

The following is a summary of the significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component:

	Unrecognized Net Periodic
	Benefit Credit(1)(2)
	Three Months Ended March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Amortization of net actuarial gain	$	135	$	145
Pension settlement expense(3)		—		(89)
Total, pre-tax		135		56
Tax expense		(35)		(14)
Total, net of tax	$	100	$	42

(1) Amounts in parentheses indicate increases in expense or loss.

(2) These components of accumulated other comprehensive income are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost as disclosed in Note G.

(3) For the three months ended March 31, 2020, pension settlement expense is related to the supplemental benefit plan (see Note G).

Dividends on Common Stock

The following table is a summary of dividends declared during the applicable quarter:

	2021				2020
	Per Share		Amount		Per Share		Amount
	(in thousands, except per share data)
First quarter	$	0.08	$	2,037	$	0.08	$	2,033

On April 29, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.08 per share to stockholders of record as of May 13, 2021.

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Treasury Stock

The Company has a program to repurchase its common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The program has no expiration date but may be terminated at any time at the Board of Directors’ discretion. Repurchases may be made using the Company’s cash reserves or other available sources. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $6.6 million remaining under the program for repurchases of its common stock. On January 28, 2021 the Board of Directors extended the share repurchase program by authorizing a total of $50.0 million to be available for purchases of the Company’s common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company purchased 14,923 shares for an aggregate cost of $1.0 million, leaving $49.0 million available for repurchase of common stock under the program.

NOTE I – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Basic
Numerator:
Net income	$	23,361	$	1,902
Effect of unvested restricted stock awards		—		(1)
Adjusted net income	$	23,361	$	1,901
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares		25,454,921		25,390,377
Earnings per common share	$	0.92	$	0.07
Diluted
Numerator:
Net income	$	23,361	$	1,902
Effect of unvested restricted stock awards		—		(1)
Adjusted net income	$	23,361	$	1,901
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares		25,454,921		25,390,377
Effect of dilutive securities		1,475,481		856,423
Adjusted weighted-average shares and assumed conversions		26,930,402		26,246,800
Earnings per common share	$	0.87	$	0.07

NOTE J – OPERATING SEGMENT DATA

The Company uses the “management approach” to determine its reportable operating segments, as well as to determine the basis of reporting the operating segment information. The management approach focuses on financial information that the Company’s management uses to make operating decisions. Management uses revenues, operating expense categories, operating ratios, operating income, and key operating statistics to evaluate performance and allocate resources to the Company’s operations.

Shared services represent costs incurred to support all segments, including sales, pricing, customer service, marketing, capacity sourcing functions, human resources, financial services, information technology, and other company-wide services. Certain overhead costs are not attributable to any segment and remain unallocated in “Other and eliminations.” Included in unallocated costs are expenses related to investor relations, legal, the ArcBest Board of Directors, and certain technology investments. Shared services costs attributable to the operating segments are predominantly allocated based upon estimated and planned resource utilization-related metrics such as estimated shipment levels, number of pricing proposals, or number of personnel supported. The bases for such charges are modified and adjusted by management when

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necessary or appropriate to reflect fairly and equitably the actual incidence of cost incurred by the operating segments. Management believes the methods used to allocate expenses are reasonable.

The Company’s reportable operating segments are impacted by seasonal fluctuations which affect tonnage, shipment or service event levels, and demand for services, as described below; therefore, operating results for the interim periods presented may not necessarily be indicative of the results for the fiscal year.

The Company’s reportable operating segments are as follows:

● The Asset-Based segment includes the results of operations of ABF Freight System, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries. The segment operations include national, inter-regional, and regional transportation of general commodities through standard, expedited, and guaranteed LTL services. The Asset Based segment provides services to the ArcBest segment, including freight transportation related to certain consumer household goods self-move services.

Freight shipments and operating costs of the Asset-Based segment can be adversely affected by inclement weather conditions. The second and third calendar quarters of each year usually have the highest tonnage levels while the first quarter generally has the lowest, although other factors, including the state of the U.S. and global economies, available capacity in the market, and the impact of other adverse external events or conditions, including the COVID-19 pandemic, may influence quarterly freight tonnage levels.

● The ArcBest segment includes the results of operations of the Company’s service offerings in ground expedite, truckload, dedicated, intermodal, household goods moving, managed transportation, warehousing and distribution, and international freight transportation for air, ocean, and ground. The ArcBest segment provides services to the Asset-Based segment.

ArcBest segment operations are influenced by seasonal fluctuations that impact customers’ supply chains. The second and third calendar quarters of each year usually have the highest shipment levels while the first quarter generally has the lowest, although other factors, including the state of the U.S. and global economies, available capacity in the market, and the impact of other adverse external events or conditions, including the COVID-19 pandemic, may impact quarterly business levels. Shipments of the ArcBest segment may decline during winter months because of post-holiday slowdowns, but expedite shipments can be subject to short-term increases depending on the impact of weather disruptions to customers’ supply chains. Plant shutdowns during summer months may affect shipments for automotive and manufacturing customers of the ArcBest segment, but severe weather events can result in higher demand for expedite services. Moving services of the ArcBest segment are impacted by seasonal fluctuations, generally resulting in higher business levels in the second and third quarters as the demand for moving services is typically stronger in the summer months.

● FleetNet includes the results of operations of FleetNet America, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries that provide roadside assistance and maintenance management services for commercial vehicles through a network of third-party service providers. FleetNet provides services to the Asset-Based and ArcBest segments.

Emergency roadside service events of the FleetNet segment are favorably impacted by extreme weather conditions that affect commercial vehicle operations, and the segment’s results of operations will be influenced by seasonal variations in service event volume and the impact of other external events or conditions, including the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Company’s other business activities and operating segments that are not reportable include ArcBest Corporation and certain other subsidiaries. Certain costs incurred by the parent holding company and the Company’s shared services subsidiary are allocated to the reporting segments. The Company eliminates intercompany transactions in consolidation. However, the information used by the Company’s management with respect to its reportable segments is before intersegment eliminations of revenues and expenses.

Further classifications of operations or revenues by geographic location are impracticable and, therefore, are not provided. The Company’s foreign operations are not significant.

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The following tables reflect reportable operating segment information:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
REVENUES
Asset-Based	$	556,292	$	515,713
ArcBest		252,336		164,775
FleetNet		59,163		52,439
Other and eliminations		(38,578)		(31,528)
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399
OPERATING EXPENSES
Asset-Based
Salaries, wages, and benefits	$	285,694	$	283,838
Fuel, supplies, and expenses		60,841		61,225
Operating taxes and licenses		12,248		12,794
Insurance		8,939		7,824
Communications and utilities		4,970		4,711
Depreciation and amortization		23,484		23,270
Rents and purchased transportation		75,588		55,770
Shared services		55,866		48,885
Gain on sale of property and equipment(1)		(8,695)		(2,164)
Innovative technology costs(2)		6,868		4,533
Other		434		1,787
Total Asset-Based		526,237		502,473
ArcBest
Purchased transportation		210,995		137,182
Supplies and expenses		2,568		2,280
Depreciation and amortization		2,386		2,470
Shared services		26,072		21,727
Other		2,050		2,525
Total ArcBest		244,071		166,184
FleetNet		58,140		51,399
Other and eliminations		(31,426)		(26,476)
Total consolidated operating expenses	$	797,022	$	693,580
OPERATING INCOME
Asset-Based	$	30,055	$	13,240
ArcBest		8,265		(1,409)
FleetNet		1,023		1,040
Other and eliminations		(7,152)		(5,052)
Total consolidated operating income	$	32,191	$	7,819
OTHER INCOME (COSTS)
Interest and dividend income	$	392	$	1,375
Interest and other related financing costs		(2,428)		(2,947)
Other, net(3)		1,192		(3,862)
Total other income (costs)		(844)		(5,434)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	$	31,347	$	2,385

(1) The three months ended March 31, 2021 includes an $8.6 million gain on the sale of an unutilized service center property.

(2) Represents costs associated with the freight handling pilot test program at ABF Freight.

(3) Includes the components of net periodic benefit cost other than service cost related to the Company’s SBP and postretirement plans (see Note G) and proceeds and changes in cash surrender value of life insurance policies.

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The following table reflects information about revenues from customers and intersegment revenues:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Revenues from customers
Asset-Based	$	529,724	$	495,728
ArcBest		250,241		162,948
FleetNet		48,434		41,744
Other		814		979
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399
Intersegment revenues
Asset-Based	$	26,568	$	19,985
ArcBest		2,095		1,827
FleetNet		10,729		10,695
Other and eliminations		(39,392)		(32,507)
Total intersegment revenues	$	—	$	—
Total segment revenues
Asset-Based	$	556,292	$	515,713
ArcBest		252,336		164,775
FleetNet		59,163		52,439
Other and eliminations		(38,578)		(31,528)
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399

The following table presents operating expenses by category on a consolidated basis:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries, wages, and benefits	$	359,395	$	344,946
Rents, purchased transportation, and other costs of services		309,338		217,028
Fuel, supplies, and expenses		73,149		71,773
Depreciation and amortization(1)		30,354		29,013
Other		24,786		30,820
	$	797,022	$	693,580

(1) Includes amortization of intangible assets.

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NOTE K – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS, ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS, AND OTHER EVENTS

The Company is involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company maintains liability insurance against certain risks arising out of the normal course of its business, subject to certain self-insured retention limits. The Company routinely establishes and reviews the adequacy of reserves for estimated legal, environmental, and self-insurance exposures. While management believes that amounts accrued in the consolidated financial statements are adequate, estimates of these liabilities may change as circumstances develop. Considering amounts recorded, routine legal matters are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Environmental Matters

The Company’s subsidiaries store fuel for use in tractors and trucks in underground tanks at certain facilities. Maintenance of such tanks is regulated at the federal and, in most cases, state levels. The Company believes it is in substantial compliance with all such regulations. The Company’s underground storage tanks are required to have leak detection systems. The Company is not aware of any leaks from such tanks that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company.

The Company has received notices from the Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”) and others that it has been identified as a potentially responsible party under the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act, or other federal or state environmental statutes, at several hazardous waste sites. After investigating the Company’s involvement in waste disposal or waste generation at such sites, the Company has either agreed to de minimis settlements or determined that its obligations, other than those specifically accrued with respect to such sites, would involve immaterial monetary liability, although there can be no assurances in this regard. The Company maintains an accrual which is included in accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheets, for estimated environmental cleanup costs of properties currently or previously operated by the Company. Amounts accrued reflect management’s best estimate of the future undiscounted exposure related to identified properties based on current environmental regulations, management’s experience with similar environmental matters, and testing performed at certain sites.

Certain Asset-Based service center facilities operate with no exposure certifications or stormwater permits under the federal Clean Water Act (“the CWA”). The no exposure certification and stormwater permits may require periodic facility inspections and monitoring and reporting of stormwater sampling results. The Company determined that certain procedures regarding sampling, documentation, and reporting were not appropriately being performed in accordance with the CWA. As such, the Company self-reported the matter to the EPA. An estimated settlement expense for this matter is accrued within accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2021. Resolution of this matter is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Other Events

In February 2021, the Company received a Notice of Assessment from a state pertaining to uncollected sales and use tax, including interest and penalties, for the period September 1, 2016 to November 30, 2018. The Company does not agree with the basis of the assessment and plans to appeal the assessment and defend its position. The Company has previously accrued an amount related to this assessment consistent with applicable accounting guidance, but if the state prevails in its position, the Company may owe additional tax. Management does not believe the amount involved will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

General

ArcBest Corporation^TM (together with its subsidiaries, the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our”) provides a comprehensive suite of freight transportation and integrated logistics services to deliver innovative solutions. Our operations are conducted through our three reportable operating segments: Asset-Based, which consists of ABF Freight System, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries (“ABF Freight”); ArcBest, our asset-light logistics operation; and FleetNet. The ArcBest and the FleetNet reportable segments combined represent our Asset-Light operations. References to the Company, including “we,” “us,” and “our,” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are primarily to the Company and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is provided to assist readers in understanding our financial performance during the periods presented and significant trends which may impact our future performance, including the principal factors affecting our results of operations, liquidity and capital resources, and critical accounting policies. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the accompanying quarterly unaudited consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020. Our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K includes additional information about significant accounting policies, practices, and the transactions that underlie our financial results, as well as a detailed discussion of the most significant risks and uncertainties to which our financial and operating results are subject.

Results of Operations

Consolidated Results

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands, except per share data)
REVENUES
Asset-Based	$	556,292	$	515,713
ArcBest		252,336		164,775
FleetNet		59,163		52,439
Total Asset-Light		311,499		217,214
Other and eliminations		(38,578)		(31,528)
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399
OPERATING INCOME
Asset-Based	$	30,055	$	13,240
ArcBest		8,265		(1,409)
FleetNet		1,023		1,040
Total Asset-Light		9,288		(369)
Other and eliminations		(7,152)		(5,052)
Total consolidated operating income	$	32,191	$	7,819
NET INCOME	$	23,361	$	1,902
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE	$	0.87	$	0.07

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Our consolidated revenues, which totaled $829.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, increased 18.2%, compared to the same prior-year period, reflecting increased demand for shipping and logistics services in an improving economic environment, compared to the same prior-year period. The year-over-year changes in consolidated revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 reflect an increase in revenues of our Asset-Light operations (representing the combined operations of our ArcBest and FleetNet segments) of 43.4% and an increase in our Asset-Based revenues of 7.9%. The increased elimination of revenue amounts reported in the “Other and eliminations” line of consolidated revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, includes the impact of increased intersegment business levels among our operating segments, reflecting continued integration of our logistics services.

The increase in revenues of our Asset-Light operations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 primarily reflects increases in revenue per shipment of 25.9% and shipments per day of 22.7% for the ArcBest segment, compared to the same period of 2020. An increase in roadside service event volumes and higher revenue per event for FleetNet also contributed to the year-over-year revenue improvement. On a combined basis, the Asset-Light operating segments generated approximately 36% and 30% of our total revenues before other revenues and intercompany eliminations for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The Asset-Based revenue improvement reflects an increase in billed revenue per hundredweight, including fuel surcharges, of 8.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, with per-day increases in tonnage and shipments of 1.8% and 2.6%, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same prior-year period.

Consolidated operating income totaled $32.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $7.8 million for the same period of 2020. The $24.4 million increase in consolidated operating income is primarily due to the results of our operating segments (further described within the Asset-Based Segment Results and the Asset-Light Results sections of MD&A). Consolidated operating results benefited from gains on the sale of property and equipment, which increased $6.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020. The year-over-year comparison of consolidated operating results was also impacted by increased investments in innovative technology, as described in the following paragraph, and higher costs for certain nonunion performance-based incentive plans. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, expenses for certain nonunion performance-based incentive plans, including long-term incentive plans impacted by shareholder returns relative to peers, increased $8.5 million.

Innovative technology costs related to the freight handling pilot test program at ABF Freight impacted consolidated results by $6.9 million (pre-tax), or $5.3 million (after-tax) and $0.20 per diluted share, for first quarter 2021, compared to $4.6 million (pre-tax), or $3.6 million (after-tax) and $0.14 per diluted share, for first quarter 2020. The freight handling pilot test program is discussed in the Asset-Based Operating Income section of Asset-Based Segment Results within Asset-Based Operations.

The loss reported in the “Other and eliminations” line, which totaled $7.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $5.1 million for the same period of 2020, includes expenses related to investments to develop and design various ArcBest technology and innovations as well as expenses related to shared services for the delivery of comprehensive transportation and logistics services to ArcBest’s customers. The $2.1 million increase in the loss reported in “Other and eliminations” for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, reflects higher technology costs and shared service personnel expenses primarily related to higher business levels compared to the weaker economic environment experienced in the first quarter of 2020. We expect the loss reported in “Other and eliminations” for second quarter and full-year 2021 to approximate $5 million and $24 million, respectively.

In addition to the above items, consolidated net income and earnings per share were impacted by changes in the cash surrender value of variable life insurance policies and changes in the effective tax rate as described within the Income Taxes section of MD&A. A portion of our variable life insurance policies have investments, through separate accounts, in equity and fixed income securities and, therefore, are subject to market volatility. Changes in the cash surrender value of life insurance policies, which are reported below the operating income line in the consolidated statements of operations, increased net income by $1.3 million, or $0.05 per diluted share, for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to a decrease in net income of $3.8 million, or $0.14 per diluted share, for the same prior-year period.

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Consolidated Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”)

We report our financial results in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”). However, management believes that certain non-GAAP performance measures and ratios, such as Adjusted EBITDA, utilized for internal analysis provide analysts, investors, and others the same information that we use internally for purposes of assessing our core operating performance and provides meaningful comparisons between current and prior period results, as well as important information regarding performance trends. Accordingly, using these measures improves comparability in analyzing our performance because it removes the impact of items from operating results that, in management's opinion, do not reflect our core operating performance. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA as a key measure of performance and for business planning. The measure is particularly meaningful for analysis of our operating performance, because it excludes amortization of acquired intangibles and software of the Asset-Light businesses, which are significant expenses resulting from strategic decisions rather than core daily operations. Additionally, Adjusted EBITDA is a primary component of the financial covenants contained in our Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (see Note F to our consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q). Other companies may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently; therefore, our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative for, our reported results. Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as a better measurement than operating income, operating cash flow, net income, or earnings per share, as determined under GAAP.

Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Net income	$	23,361	$	1,902
Interest and other related financing costs		2,428		2,947
Income tax provision		7,986		483
Depreciation and amortization		30,354		29,013
Amortization of share-based compensation		2,354		2,181
Amortization of net actuarial gains of benefit plans and pension settlement expense(1)		(135)		(56)
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA	$	66,348	$	36,470

(1) The three months ended March 31, 2020 include pre-tax pension settlement expense of $0.1 million related to our supplemental benefit plan.

Asset-Based Operations

Asset-Based Segment Overview

The Asset-Based segment consists of ABF Freight System, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of ArcBest Corporation, and certain other subsidiaries (“ABF Freight”). Our Asset-Based operations are affected by general economic conditions, as well as a number of other competitive factors that are more fully described in Item 1 (Business) and in Item 1A (Risk Factors) of Part I of our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The key indicators necessary to understand the operating results of our Asset-Based segment, which are more fully described in the Asset-Based Segment Overview within the Asset-Based Operations section of Results of Operations in Item 7 (MD&A) of Part II of our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K, are outlined below. These key indicators are used by management to evaluate segment operating performance and measure the effectiveness of strategic initiatives in the results of our Asset-Based segment. We quantify certain key indicators using key operating statistics which are important measures in analyzing segment operating results from period to period. These statistics are defined within the key indicators below and referred to throughout the discussion of the results of our Asset-Based segment:

● Overall customer demand for Asset-Based transportation services, including the impact of economic factors.

● Volume of transportation services provided and processed through our network which influences operating leverage as the level of tonnage and number of shipments vary, primarily measured by:

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Pounds or Tonnage – total weight of shipments processed during the period in U.S. pounds or U.S. tons.

Pounds per day or Tonnage per day (average daily shipment weight) – pounds or tonnage divided by the number of workdays in the period.

Shipments per day – total number of shipments moving through the Asset-Based freight network during the period divided by the number of workdays in the period.

Pounds per shipment (weight per shipment) – total pounds divided by the number of shipments during the period.

Average length of haul (miles) – total miles between origin and destination service centers for all shipments (including shipments moved with purchased transportation) during the period, with miles weighted based on the size of shipments.

● Prices obtained for services, including fuel surcharges, primarily measured by:

Billed revenue per hundredweight, including fuel surcharges (yield) – revenue per every 100 pounds of shipment weight, including surcharges related to fuel, systematically calculated as shipments are processed in the Asset-Based freight network. Revenue for undelivered freight is deferred for financial statement purposes in accordance with the Company’s revenue recognition policy. Billed revenue used for calculating revenue per hundredweight measurements is not adjusted for the portion of revenue deferred for financial statement purposes.

● Ability to manage cost structure, primarily in the area of salaries, wages, and benefits (“labor”), with the total cost structure primarily measured by:

Operating ratio – the percent of operating expenses to revenue levels.

We also quantify certain key operating statistics which are used by management to evaluate productivity of operations within the Asset-Based freight network and to measure the effectiveness of strategic initiatives to manage the segment’s cost structure from period to period. These measures are defined below and further discussed in the Asset-Based Operating Expenses section within Asset-Based Segment Results:

● Shipments per DSY hour – total shipments (including shipments handled by purchased transportation agents) divided by dock, street, and yard (“DSY”) hours. This metric is used to measure labor efficiency in the segment’s local operations. The shipments per DSY hour metric will generally increase when more purchased transportation is used; however, the labor efficiency may be partially offset by increased purchase transportation expense.

● Pounds per mile – total pounds divided by total miles driven during the period (including pounds and miles moved with purchased transportation). This metric is used to measure labor efficiency of linehaul operations, although it is influenced by other factors including freight density, loading efficiency, average length of haul, and the degree to which purchased transportation (including rail service) is used.

Other companies within our industry may present different key performance indicators or operating statistics, or they may calculate their measures differently; therefore, our key performance indicators or operating statistics may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Key performance indicators or operating statistics should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative for, our reported results. Our key performance indicators or operating statistics should not be construed as better measurements of our results than operating income, operating cash flow, net income, or earnings per share, as determined under GAAP.

As of March 2021, approximately 82% of our Asset-Based segment’s employees were covered under the ABF National Master Freight Agreement (the “2018 ABF NMFA”), the collective bargaining agreement with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (the “IBT”), which will remain in effect through June 30, 2023. Under the 2018 ABF NMFA, the contractual wage and benefits costs, including the ratification bonuses and vacation restoration, are estimated to increase approximately 2.0% on a compounded annual basis through the end of the agreement. Profit-sharing bonuses

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based on the Asset-Based segment’s annual operating ratios for any full calendar year under the contract represent an additional increase in costs under the 2018 ABF NMFA.

Asset-Based Segment Results

The following table sets forth a summary of operating expenses and operating income as a percentage of revenue for the Asset-Based segment:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
Asset-Based Operating Expenses (Operating Ratio)
Salaries, wages, and benefits	51.4	%	55.0	%
Fuel, supplies, and expenses	10.9		11.9
Operating taxes and licenses	2.2		2.5
Insurance	1.6		1.5
Communications and utilities	0.9		0.9
Depreciation and amortization	4.2		4.5
Rents and purchased transportation	13.6		10.8
Shared services	10.1		9.5
Gain on sale of property and equipment	(1.6)		(0.4)
Innovative technology costs(1)	1.2		0.9
Other	0.1		0.3
	94.6	%	97.4	%
Asset-Based Operating Income	5.4	%	2.6	%

(1) Represents costs associated with the freight handling pilot test program at ABF Freight.

The following table provides a comparison of key operating statistics for the Asset-Based segment, as previously defined in the Asset-Based Overview:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020		% Change
Workdays(1)		63.0		64.0
Billed revenue per hundredweight, including fuel surcharges	$	36.09	$	33.16	8.8	%
Pounds		1,556,829,906		1,552,936,297	0.3	%
Pounds per day		24,711,586		24,264,630	1.8	%
Shipments per day		19,292		18,803	2.6	%
Shipments per DSY hour		0.455		0.439	3.6	%
Pounds per shipment		1,281		1,290	(0.7)	%
Pounds per mile		19.19		19.87	(3.4)	%
Average length of haul (miles)		1,091		1,042	4.7	%

(1) Workdays represent the number of operating days during the period after adjusting for holidays and weekends.

Asset-Based Revenues

Asset-Based segment revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021 totaled $556.3 million, compared to $515.7 million for the same period of 2020. Billed revenue (as described in the Asset-Based Segment Overview) increased 10.8% on a per-day basis for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same prior-year period. For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the increase in billed revenue reflects an 8.8% increase in total billed revenue per hundredweight, including fuel surcharges, and a 1.8% increase in tonnage per day, compared to the same period of 2020. The number of workdays was fewer by one day in first quarter 2021, versus first quarter 2020.

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The 8.8% increase in total billed revenue per hundredweight, including fuel surcharges, for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, was primarily due to changes in freight profile and business mix. A strong pricing environment and on-going yield management initiatives, including a general rate increase, also contributed to the year-over-year improvement in billed revenue per hundredweight, partially offset by lower fuel surcharges. Excluding the impact of fuel surcharges, the increase in billed revenue per hundredweight on LTL-rated freight was in the mid-single digits for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same prior-year period. Prices on accounts subject to deferred pricing agreements and annually negotiated contracts which were renewed during the three months ended March 31, 2021 increased approximately 5.6%. Pricing on contractual business reflected higher than historical average increases primarily due to tight market capacity and increased customer business levels as the economy continues to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. The Asset-Based segment implemented nominal general rate increases on its LTL base rate tariffs of 5.95% and 5.9% effective January 25, 2021 and February 24, 2020, respectively, although the rate changes vary by lane and shipment characteristics.

The 1.8% increase in tonnage per day for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same prior-year period, reflects a mid-single-digit percentage increase in LTL-rated tonnage, partially offset by a double-digit percentage decrease in truckload-rated spot shipment tonnage moving in the Asset-Based network. Although severe winter weather negatively impacted business levels during first quarter 2021, total shipments increased 2.6% on a per-day basis for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020 due to an increase in transactional LTL-rated shipments. The resulting higher proportion of these larger-sized LTL-rated shipments contributed to a 2.6% increase in LTL-rated weight per shipment for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020. Unseasonably strong demand for U-Pack household goods moving services also contributed to the first quarter 2021 tonnage and shipment growth, compared to first quarter 2020.

The Asset-Based segment’s average nominal fuel surcharge rate for the three months ended March 31, 2021 decreased slightly compared to the same period of 2020. During periods of changing diesel fuel prices, the fuel surcharge and associated direct diesel fuel costs also vary by different degrees. Depending upon the rates of these changes and the impact on costs in other fuel- and energy-related areas, operating margins could be impacted. Whether fuel prices fluctuate or remain constant, operating results may be adversely affected if competitive pressures limit our ability to recover fuel surcharges. In periods of declining fuel prices, fuel surcharge percentages also decrease, which negatively impacts the total billed revenue per hundredweight measure and, consequently, revenues. The revenue decline may be disproportionate to our fuel costs. The segment’s operating results will continue to be impacted by further changes in fuel prices and the related fuel surcharges.

Asset-Based Operating Income

The Asset-Based segment generated operating income of $30.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $13.2 million for the same period of 2020. The Asset-Based segment operating ratio improved by 2.8 percentage points for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same prior-year period, reflecting the increased revenues and effectively managing operating resources to higher shipment levels. Operating income was also positively impacted by the sale of an unutilized property which contributed to the $8.7 million of total gains on the sale of property and equipment for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $2.2 million in the same prior-year period.

Innovative technology costs related to the freight handling pilot test program at ABF Freight impacted operating results of the Asset-Based segment by $6.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $4.5 million for the same period of 2020. The pilot, which began in early 2019, is in the early stages in a limited number of locations. While ArcBest believes the pilot has potential to provide safer and improved freight handling, a number of factors will be involved in determining proof of concept and there can be no assurances that pilot testing will be successful or expand beyond current testing locations. We anticipate innovative technology costs associated with the pilot to impact our Asset-Based operating expenses by approximately $6 million in second quarter 2021, compared to $4.8 million in second quarter 2020.

The segment’s operating ratio was also impacted by changes in operating expenses as discussed in the following paragraphs.

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Asset-Based Operating Expenses

Labor costs, which are reported in operating expenses as salaries, wages, and benefits, amounted to 51.4% of Asset-Based segment revenues for the three-month period ended March 31, 2021, compared to 55.0% for the same period of 2020. The decrease in salaries, wages, and benefits as a percentage of revenue for the first quarter of 2021, compared to the first quarter of 2020, was partially offset by higher utilization of purchased transportation to meet customer demand for increased shipment levels. The improvement in salaries, wages, and benefits as a percentage of revenue was also influenced by the effect of higher revenues, as a portion of operating costs are fixed in nature and decrease as a percent of revenue with increases in revenue levels. Salaries, wages, and benefits increased $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, reflecting higher expense accruals for certain performance-based incentive plans and year-over-year increases in contractual wage and benefit contribution rates under the 2018 ABF NMFA. The contractual wage rate under the 2018 ABF NMFA increased 1.6% effective July 1, 2020, and the average health, welfare, and pension benefit contribution rate increased approximately 2.2% effective primarily on August 1, 2020.

The Asset-Based segment manages costs with shipment levels; however, portions of salaries, wages, and benefits are fixed in nature and the adjustments which would otherwise be necessary to align the labor cost structure to corresponding tonnage and shipment levels in certain locations due to customer demand may be limited as the segment strives to maintain customer service. Shipments per DSY hour improved 3.6% for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, reflecting efforts to manage costs with shipment levels and the application of data-enabled technologies that improve the efficiency of matching customer needs with available capacity resources; however, the benefit of this productivity improvement was partially offset by utilization of higher-cost purchased transportation in certain locations to maintain service levels during the shipment growth in first quarter 2021. Pounds per mile decreased 3.4% for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, due to a 0.7% decrease in weight per shipment and a 4.7% increase in average length of haul, resulting from changes in business mix.  

Fuel, supplies, and expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased 1.0 percentage point for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period in 2020, primarily due to lower costs related to repairs and maintenance on tractors and trailers and reduced travel expenses due to the COVID-19 pandemic, partially offset by increased weather-related service center expenses resulting from the severe winter storms in February 2021.

Rents and purchased transportation as a percentage of revenue increased 2.8 percentage points for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, primarily due to higher utilization of rail, local delivery agents, and linehaul purchased transportation necessary to serve the needs of our customers as freight demand increased irregularly across the Asset-Based system during the first quarter of 2021 as the economy continues to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic. For the three-month period ended March 31, 2021, rail miles increased approximately 26%, compared to the same prior-year period.

Shared services as a percentage of revenue increased 0.6 percentage points for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, primarily due to higher expense accruals for certain performance-based incentive plans, including long-term incentive plans impacted by shareholder returns relative to peers, for which the timing of recognition was impacted by the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on operating results for the first quarter of 2020. Shared service expense allocations were also higher in first quarter 2021, compared to first quarter 2020, due to increased business levels.

Gain on sale of property and equipment as a percentage of revenue increased 1.2 percentage points for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same prior-year period, primarily due to the previously mentioned sale of an unutilized service center property which contributed to the total gain on sale of property and equipment of $8.7 million for first quarter 2021, compared to $2.2 million for first quarter 2020.

Asset-Based Segment — April 2021

The improvements in Asset-Based business levels that we experienced in the first quarter of 2021 continued during April 2021. Although statistics for April 2021 have not been finalized, preliminary Asset-Based billed revenues increased approximately 47% on a per-day basis in April 2021, compared to April 2020, reflecting an increase in average daily total tonnage of approximately 29% and an increase in total billed revenue per hundredweight, including fuel surcharges, of approximately 15%. The April 2021 revenue comparison to the same prior-year month was impacted by the effect of the

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COVID-19 pandemic on billed revenues in April 2020 which decreased 21% on a per-day basis, compared to April 2019. Total shipments per day increased approximately 19% in April 2021, compared to April 2020. Total weight per shipment increased approximately 8% in April 2021, with the weight per shipment on LTL-rated shipments up approximately 9%, versus the same prior-year period.

As a result of the significant effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and the related economic shutdown on revenues in April 2020, sequential results provide a more meaningful comparison. Based on preliminary statistics for April 2021, Asset-Based billed revenues increased approximately 6% on a per-day basis, compared to March 2021, reflecting sequential increases in average daily total tonnage of approximately 5% and shipments per day of approximately 3%. Compared to typical seasonal patterns in recent years, our preliminary sequential trends for April 2021, compared to March 2021, are the best in the past 10 years for billed revenue per day and tonnage per day and the third best in the past 10 years for shipments per day. The improvement in business levels for April 2021 reflects strong demand, as customers continue to recover from the COVID-19 pandemic, and the positive impact of changes in freight mix and business mix, including continued solid demand for U-Pack household goods moving services.

The first quarter of each year generally has the highest operating ratio of the year, although other factors, including the current economic recovery, may influence quarterly comparisons. Current economic conditions and the Asset-Based segment’s pricing approach (which is described in the Asset-Based Segment Overview within the Results of Operations section of Item 7 (MD&A) of Part II of our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K) will continue to impact our Asset-Based segment’s tonnage levels and the prices it receives for its services and, as such, there can be no assurance that our Asset-Based segment will maintain or achieve improvements in its current operating results. Our efforts to manage operational costs in the Asset-Based network may not directly correspond to significant changes in business levels and there can be no assurance that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will not have an adverse effect on our operating results in future periods. The marketplace pricing environment has been positive and rational in support of our efforts  to secure needed price increases; however, the competitive environment could limit the Asset-Based segment from securing adequate increases in base LTL freight rates and could limit the amount of fuel surcharge revenue recovered in future periods.

Asset-Light Operations

Asset-Light Overview

The ArcBest and FleetNet reportable segments, combined, represent our Asset-Light operations. Our Asset-Light operations are a key component of our strategy to offer customers a single source of integrated logistics solutions, designed to satisfy the complex supply chain and unique shipping requirements customers encounter.

Our Asset-Light operations are affected by general economic conditions, as well as a number of other competitive factors that are more fully described in Item 1 (Business) and in Item 1A (Risk Factors) of Part I of our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The key indicators necessary to understand our Asset-Light operating results are outlined below. These key indicators are used by management to evaluate segment operating performance and measure the effectiveness of strategic initiatives in the results of our Asset-Light segments. We quantify certain key indicators using key operating statistics which are important measures in analyzing segment operating results from period to period. These statistics are defined within the key indicators below and referred to throughout the discussion of the results of our Asset-Light operations:

● Customer demand for logistics and premium transportation services combined with economic factors which influence the number of shipments or service events used to measure changes in business levels, primarily measured by:

Shipments per day – total shipments (excluding managed transportation solutions as discussed below) divided by the number of working days during the period, compared to the same prior-year period, for the ArcBest segment.

Service events – roadside, preventative maintenance, or total service events during the period, compared to the same prior-year period, for the FleetNet segment.

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● Prices obtained for services, primarily measured by:

Revenue per shipment or event – total segment revenue divided by total segment shipments or events during the period (excluding managed transportation solutions for the ArcBest segment as discussed below), compared to the same prior-year period.

● Availability of market capacity and cost of purchased transportation to fulfill customer shipments of the ArcBest segment, with a measure of purchased transportation cost expressed as:

Purchased transportation costs as a percentage of revenue – the expense incurred for third-party transportation providers to haul or deliver freight during the period, divided by segment revenues for the period, expressed as a percentage.

● Management of operating costs, primarily in the area of purchased transportation, with the total cost structure primarily measured by:

Operating ratio – the percent of operating expenses to revenue levels.

Presentation and discussion of the key operating statistics of revenue per shipment and shipments per day for the ArcBest segment exclude statistical data of the managed transportation solutions transactions. Growth in managed transportation solutions has increased the number of shipments for these services to approximately one half of the ArcBest segment’s total shipments, while the business represents less than 20% of segment revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Due to the nature of our managed transportation solutions which typically involve a larger number of shipments at a significantly lower revenue per shipment level than the segment’s other service offerings, inclusion of the managed transportation solutions data would result in key operating statistics which are not representative of the operating results of the segment as a whole. As such, the key operating statistics management uses to evaluate performance of the ArcBest segment exclude managed transportation services transactions.

Other companies within our industry may present different key performance indicators or they may calculate their key performance indicators differently; therefore, our key performance indicators may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Key performance indicators should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative for, our reported results. Our key performance indicators should not be construed as better measurements of our results than operating income, operating cash flow, net income, or earnings per share, as determined under GAAP.

Asset-Light Results

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the combined revenues of our Asset-Light operations totaled $311.5 million, compared to $217.2 million for the same period of 2020. The combined revenues of our Asset-Light operating segments generated approximately 36% of our total revenues before other revenues and intercompany eliminations for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to approximately 30% for the three months ended March 31, 2020. Our Asset-Light combined operating income for the three months ended March 31, 2021 improved to $9.3 million, compared to a combined operating loss of $0.4 million for the same prior-year period, primarily reflecting improved demand and higher market prices resulting from tighter truckload capacity.

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ArcBest Segment

The following table sets forth a summary of operating expenses and operating income as a percentage of revenue for the ArcBest segment:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
ArcBest Segment Operating Expenses (Operating Ratio)
Purchased transportation	83.6	%	83.3	%
Supplies and expenses	1.0		1.4
Depreciation and amortization	1.0		1.5
Shared services	10.3		13.2
Other	0.8		1.5
	96.7	%	100.9	%
ArcBest Segment Operating Income (Loss)	3.3	%	(0.9)	%

A comparison of key operating statistics for the ArcBest segment, as previously defined in the Asset-Light Overview section, is presented in the following table:

	Year Over Year % Change
	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021
Revenue per shipment		25.9%
Shipments per day		22.7%

ArcBest segment revenues totaled $252.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $164.8 million for the same period of 2020. The 53.1% increase in first quarter 2021 revenues, compared to first quarter 2020, primarily reflects a 25.9% increase in revenue per shipment associated with higher market prices resulting from tighter truckload capacity and a 22.7% increase in shipments per day (excluding managed transportation shipments) reflecting stronger customer demand. Continuing improvement in the economic environment drove the increased demand for services of our ArcBest segment, as increased customer business levels which were experienced in the second half of 2020 continued during the first quarter of 2021. Customers’ growing need for comprehensive, managed logistics solutions also contributed to the year-over-year increase in revenues.

Operating income totaled $8.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to an operating loss of $1.4 million for the same period of 2020, primarily reflecting the increase in revenues. Increased customer shipping levels combined with limited equipment availability in the logistics marketplace positively impacted demand and pricing for premium ground expedite services in first quarter 2021 and contributed to the segment’s operating improvement, compared to first quarter 2020. The segment’s purchased transportation costs increased by 0.3 percentage points as a percentage of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020. Due to changes in market conditions and freight mix, the prices paid for purchased transportation increased by a higher percentage than the prices we secured from customers, resulting in slight margin compression during the first quarter of 2021, compared to the first quarter of 2020. Significant changes in market capacity, such as those experienced during 2020 and into 2021, impact the cost of sourcing such capacity which may not correspond to the timing of revisions to customer pricing and our revenue per shipment. Operating results were also impacted by higher operating expenses due to increased business levels in first quarter 2021, including increased wages and costs to manage higher shipment volumes. These higher expenses contributed to the $4.3 million increase in shared service costs in first quarter 2021, compared to first quarter 2020. Shared service costs as a percentage of revenue decreased 2.9 percentage points for first quarter 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, due to the effect of higher revenues, as a portion of these costs are fixed in nature and decrease as a percentage of revenue with increases in revenue levels. Although the ArcBest segment manages costs with shipment levels, portions of operating expenses are fixed in nature and cost reductions can be limited as the segment strives to enhance capacity sources and maintain customer service.

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ArcBest Segment – April 2021

The improvements in business levels that our ArcBest segment experienced throughout the first quarter of 2021 continued during April 2021. Although statistics for April 2021 have not been finalized, preliminary revenues of our ArcBest segment on a per-day basis in April 2021 were approximately 89% above the prior-year period, reflecting increases in shipments per day and revenue per shipment, as the segment benefitted from continued customer demand in an improving economic environment and higher market prices resulting from tighter truckload capacity. The year-over-year revenue comparison was impacted by the significant effect of the COVID-19 pandemic and the related economic shutdown on revenues in April 2020 and, therefore, sequential results provide a more meaningful comparison. Based on preliminary statistics for April 2021, ArcBest segment revenues decreased approximately 3% on a per-day basis, compared to March 2021. Purchased transportation expense per day also decreased approximately 3% in April 2021, compared to March 2021, and represented approximately 84% of revenues in both periods. There were 21.5 workdays in both April 2021 and April 2020, and 23 workdays in March 2021. Current economic conditions will continue to impact business levels and purchased transportation costs of our ArcBest segment and, as such, there can be no assurance that the effect of the economic environment, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, will not have an adverse effect on the operating results of our ArcBest segment in future periods.

FleetNet Segment

FleetNet’s revenues totaled $59.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $52.4 million for the same period of 2020. The 12.8% increase in revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020, was driven by higher roadside service event volumes, which were positively impacted by severe winter weather during February 2021, and increases in revenue per event for roadside and preventative maintenance services.

FleetNet’s operating income totaled $1.0 million for each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020. FleetNet’s operating income margins were impacted by the effect of higher costs to service the increase in total events for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020.

Asset-Light Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization (“Adjusted EBITDA”)

We report our financial results in accordance with GAAP. However, management believes that certain non-GAAP performance measures and ratios, such as Adjusted EBITDA, utilized for internal analysis provide analysts, investors, and others the same information that we use internally for purposes of assessing our core operating performance and provides meaningful comparisons between current and prior period results, as well as important information regarding performance trends. The use of certain non-GAAP measures improves comparability in analyzing our performance because it removes the impact of items from operating results that, in management's opinion, do not reflect our core operating performance. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA as a key measure of performance and for business planning. The measure is particularly meaningful for analysis of our Asset-Light businesses, because it excludes amortization of acquired intangibles and software, which are significant expenses resulting from strategic decisions rather than core daily operations. Management also believes Adjusted EBITDA to be relevant and useful information, as EBITDA is a standard measure commonly reported and widely used by analysts, investors, and others to measure financial performance of asset-light businesses and the ability to service debt obligations. Other companies may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently; therefore, our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative for, our reported results. Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as a better measurement than operating income, operating cash flow, net income, or earnings per share, as determined under GAAP.

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Asset-Light Adjusted EBITDA

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
ArcBest Segment
Operating Income (Loss)(1)	$	8,265	$	(1,409)
Depreciation and amortization(2)		2,386		2,470
Adjusted EBITDA	$	10,651	$	1,061
FleetNet Segment
Operating Income(1)	$	1,023	$	1,040
Depreciation and amortization		415		391
Adjusted EBITDA	$	1,438	$	1,431
Total Asset-Light
Operating Income (Loss)(1)	$	9,288	$	(369)
Depreciation and amortization		2,801		2,861
Adjusted EBITDA	$	12,089	$	2,492

(1) The calculation of Adjusted EBITDA as presented in this table begins with operating income (loss), as other income (costs), income taxes, and net income are reported at the consolidated level and not included in the operating segment financial information evaluated by management to make operating decisions. Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA is reconciled to consolidated net income in the Consolidated Results section of Results of Operations.

(2) For the ArcBest segment, includes amortization of acquired intangibles of $0.9 million for each of the three-month periods ended March 31, 2021 and 2020.

Current Economic Conditions

The COVID-19 pandemic, which negatively impacted the economy and challenged business operations and supply chains during 2020, has continued into 2021. During the first quarter of 2021, certain COVID-19 vaccines were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and a roll-out process began to provide the vaccines to qualified individuals. Vaccinations and other health and safety measures implemented in response to the pandemic have slowed the spread of COVID-19 in many geographical areas and lessened the severity of COVID-related restrictions throughout portions of the United States.

Economic conditions continued to improve during the first quarter of 2021. Although recovery in the unemployment rate has slowed in 2021, the April 2021 unemployment rate was 6.1%, versus the record high 14.7% reached in April 2020. We are encouraged by the growth in the U.S. real gross domestic product (the “real GDP”) since the second quarter of 2020, when the National Bureau of Economic Research declared that a recession began in the United States in February 2020, and the improvements in other recent economic measures, including the Institute for Supply Management (ISM) Purchasing Managers’ Index (“PMI”) and the Industrial Production Index issued by the Federal Reserve. According to the advance estimate released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis on April 29, 2021, real GDP increased at an annual rate of 6.4% for first quarter 2021. The Industrial Production Index, while still below 2019 levels, increased at an annual rate of 2.5% for first quarter 2021. PMI, which is a leading indicator for economic activity in the freight transportation and logistics industry, was 60.7% for April 2021, compared to 41.5% for April 2020, reflecting continued economic expansion in the manufacturing sector and growth in the overall economy. Manufacturing and trade inventory levels remain low and within a range we consider optimal for freight demand; although there can be no assurance that the economic environment, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, will be favorable for our freight services in future periods.

Given the uncertainties regarding the economic environment and the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business in future periods, there can be no assurance that our estimates and assumptions regarding the pricing environment and economic conditions, which are made for purposes of impairment tests related to operating assets and deferred tax assets, will prove to be accurate. Extended periods of economic disruption and resulting declines in industrial production and manufacturing and consumer spending could negatively impact demand for our services and have an adverse effect

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on our results of operations, financial condition, and cash flows. Significant declines in business levels or other changes in cash flow assumptions or other factors that negatively impact the fair value of the operations of our reporting units could result in impairment and a resulting non-cash write-off of a significant portion of the goodwill and intangible assets of our ArcBest segment, which would have an adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results.

Effects of Inflation

Along with changes in the economic environment, there can be no assurances of the potential impact of inflationary conditions on our business. Generally, inflationary increases in labor and fuel costs as they relate to our Asset-Based operations have historically been mostly offset through price increases and fuel surcharges. In periods of increasing fuel prices, the effect of higher associated fuel surcharges on the overall price to the customer influences our ability to obtain increases in base freight rates. In addition, certain nonstandard arrangements with some of our customers have limited the amount of fuel surcharge recovered. The timing and extent of base price increases on our Asset-Based revenues may not correspond with contractual increases in wage rates and other inflationary increases in cost elements and, as a result, could adversely impact our operating results.

Generally, inflationary increases in labor and operating costs regarding our Asset-Light operations have historically been offset through price increases. The pricing environment, however, generally becomes more competitive during economic downturns, which may, as it has in the past, affect the ability to obtain price increases from customers both during and following such periods.

Partly as a result of inflationary pressures, our revenue equipment (tractors and trailers) has been and will very likely continue to be replaced at higher per unit costs, which could result in higher depreciation charges on a per-unit basis. We consider these costs in setting our pricing policies, although the overall freight rate structure is governed by market forces based on value provided to the customer. The Asset-Based segment’s ability to fully offset inflationary and contractual cost increases can be challenging during periods of recessionary and uncertain economic conditions.

In addition to general effects of inflation, the motor carrier freight transportation industry faces rising costs related to compliance with government regulations on safety, equipment design and maintenance, driver utilization, emissions, and fuel economy.

Environmental and Legal Matters

We are subject to federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations relating to, among other things: emissions control, transportation or handling of hazardous materials, underground and aboveground storage tanks, stormwater pollution prevention, contingency planning for spills of petroleum products, and disposal of waste oil. We may transport or arrange for the transportation of hazardous materials and explosives, and we operate in industrial areas where truck service centers and other industrial activities are located and where groundwater or other forms of environmental contamination could occur. See Note K to our consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further discussion of the environmental matters to which we are subject.

We are involved in various legal actions, the majority of which arise in the ordinary course of business. We maintain liability insurance against certain risks arising out of the normal course of our business, subject to certain self-insured retention limits. We routinely establish and review the adequacy of reserves for estimated legal, environmental, and self-insurance exposures. While management believes that amounts accrued in the consolidated financial statements are adequate, estimates of these liabilities may change as circumstances develop. Considering amounts recorded, routine legal matters are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows. See Note K to our consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further discussion of legal matters in which we are currently involved.

Information Technology and Cybersecurity

We depend on the proper functioning, availability, and security of our information systems, including communications, data processing, financial, and operating systems, as well as proprietary software programs that are integral to the efficient

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operation of our business. Any significant failure or other disruption in our critical information systems, including cybersecurity attacks and other cyber incidents that impact the availability, reliability, speed, accuracy, or other proper functioning of these systems or that result in proprietary information or sensitive or confidential data, including personal information of customers, employees and others, being compromised could have a significant impact on our operations. Any new or enhanced technology that we may develop and implement may also be subject to cybersecurity attacks and may be more prone to related incidents. We also utilize certain software applications provided by third parties; provide underlying data to third parties; grant access to certain of our systems to third parties who provide certain outsourced administrative functions or other services; and increasingly store and transmit data with our customers and third parties by means of connected information technology systems, any of which may increase the risk of a cybersecurity incident. Although we strive to carefully select our third-party vendors, we do not control their actions and any problems caused by or impacting these third parties, including cyber attacks and security breaches at a vendor, could result in claims, litigation, losses, and/or liabilities and materially adversely affect our ability to provide service to our customers and otherwise conduct our business.

Our information technology systems are protected through physical and software safeguards as well as backup systems considered appropriate by management. However, these systems are vulnerable to interruption by adverse weather conditions or natural disasters, power loss, telecommunications failures, terrorist attacks, internet failures, computer viruses, and other events beyond our control. It is not practicable to protect against the possibility of these events or cybersecurity attacks and other cyber events in every potential circumstance that may arise. To mitigate the potential for such occurrences at our primary data center, we have implemented various systems, including redundant telecommunication facilities; replication of critical data to an offsite location; a fire suppression system to protect our on-site data center; and electrical power protection and generation facilities. We also have a catastrophic disaster recovery plan and alternate processing capability available for our critical data processes in the event of a catastrophe that renders one of our data centers unusable. In response to the health and safety risks posed by the COVID-19 pandemic and in an effort to mitigate the spread of COVID-19, we have transitioned a significant portion of our office personnel to remote work arrangements, which may increase our exposure to cybersecurity risks, including an increased demand for information technology resources, an increased risk of phishing, and an increased risk of other cybersecurity attacks. We continue to implement physical and cybersecurity measures in an attempt to safeguard our systems in order to serve our operational needs in a remote working environment and to provide uninterrupted service to our customers.

Our property and cyber insurance would offset losses up to certain coverage limits in the event of a catastrophe or certain cyber incidents, including certain business interruption events related to these incidents; however, losses arising from a catastrophe or significant cyber incident would likely exceed our insurance coverage and could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations and financial condition. We do not have insurance coverage specific to losses resulting from a pandemic. A significant disruption in our information technology systems or a significant cybersecurity incident, including denial of service, system failure, security breach, intentional or inadvertent acts by employees or vendors with access to our systems or data, disruption by malware, or other damage, could interrupt or delay our operations, damage our reputation, cause a loss of customers, cause errors or delays in financial reporting, expose us to a risk of loss or litigation, and/or cause us to incur significant time and expense to remedy such an event.

We have experienced incidents involving attempted denial of service attacks, malware attacks, and other events intended to disrupt information systems, wrongfully obtain valuable information, or cause other types of malicious events that could have resulted in harm to our business. To our knowledge, the various protections we have employed have been effective to date in identifying these types of events at a point when the impact on our business could be minimized. We must continuously monitor and develop our information technology networks and infrastructure to prevent, detect, address, and mitigate the risk of unauthorized access, misuse, computer viruses, and other events that could have a security impact. We have made and continue to make significant financial investments in technologies and processes to mitigate these risks. We also provide employee awareness training around phishing, malware, and other cyber risks. Despite our efforts, due to the increasing sophistication of cyber criminals and the development of new techniques for attack, we may be unable to anticipate or promptly detect, or implement adequate protective or remedial measures against, the activities of perpetrators of cyber attacks. Management is not aware of any cybersecurity incident that has had a material effect on our operations, although there can be no assurances that a cyber incident that could have a material impact to our operations could not occur.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments, cash generated by operations, and borrowing capacity under our revolving credit facility or accounts receivable securitization program.

Cash Flow and Short-Term Investments

Components of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments were as follows:

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents(1)	$	301,542	$	303,954
Short-term investments(2)		59,316		65,408
Total(3)	$	360,858	$	369,362

(1) Cash equivalents consist of money market funds and variable rate demand notes.

(2) Short-term investments consist of certificates of deposit and, at December 31, 2020, U.S. Treasury securities.

(3) Cash, variable rate demand notes, and certificates of deposit are recorded at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. Money market funds are recorded at fair value based on quoted prices. U.S. Treasury securities are recorded at amortized cost plus accrued interest. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaling $152.9 million and $156.4 million, respectively, were neither FDIC insured nor direct obligations of the U.S. government.

Cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments decreased $8.5 million from December 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021. During the three-month period ended March 31, 2021, cash on hand and cash provided by operations was used to repay $17.4 million of long-term debt; fund $5.7 million of internally developed software; pay dividends of $2.0 million on common stock; and purchase $1.0 million of treasury stock.

Cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2021 was $22.5 million compared to $23.1 million in the same prior-year period. Net income increased $21.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to the same period of 2020. Changes in operating assets and liabilities as a result of higher business levels in the first quarter of 2021 offset the majority of the positive effect of the increased net income on cash provided by operating activities. The decrease in cash due to changes in operating assets and liabilities was attributable to an increase in accounts receivable for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to a decrease in accounts receivable for the same period of 2020, partially offset by the effect of a higher increase in accounts payable for the three months ended March 31, 2021, versus the same period of 2020, which resulted in lower cash outflows from accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities. Cash provided by operating activities was impacted by gains on the sale of property and equipment of $8.6 million on a consolidated basis for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to $2.1 million for the same period of 2020. Cash provided by operating activities also reflected federal and state income tax payments, net of refunds, of $6.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021, compared to federal income tax refunds, net of state and foreign income tax payments, of $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2020.

Financing Arrangements

Our financing arrangements are further discussed in Note F to our consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Contractual Obligations

We have purchase obligations, consisting of authorizations to purchase and binding agreements with vendors, relating to revenue equipment used in our Asset-Based operations, other equipment, facility improvements, software, certain service contracts, and other items for which amounts were not accrued in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2021. These purchase obligations totaled $139.0 million as of March 31, 2021, with $133.9 million estimated to be paid within the next year, $4.9 million estimated to be paid in the following two-year period, and $0.2 million to be paid within five

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years, provided that vendors complete their commitments to us. As of March 31, 2021, the amount of our purchase obligations has increased $94.3 million from December 31, 2020, primarily related to revenue equipment, real estate projects, and technology advancements which are included in our 2021 capital expenditure plan.

As of March 31, 2021, contractual obligations for operating lease liabilities, primarily related to our Asset-Based service centers, totaled $128.2 million, including imputed interest. The scheduled maturities of our operating lease liabilities as of March 31, 2021 are disclosed in Note E to our consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Our contractual obligations related to our notes payable, which provide financing for revenue equipment and software purchases, totaled $206.5 million, including interest, as of March 31, 2021, for a decrease of $18.9 million from December 31, 2020. The scheduled maturities of our long-term debt obligations as of March 31, 2021 are disclosed in Note F to our consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. There have been no other material changes in the contractual obligations disclosed in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Our total capital expenditures for 2021, including amounts financed, are estimated to range from $150.0 million to $160.0 million, net of asset sales. These 2021 estimated net capital expenditures include revenue equipment purchases of $100.0 million, primarily for our Asset-Based operations. The remainder of 2021 expected capital expenditures include real estate projects, dock equipment upgrades and enhancements for our Asset-Based operations, and technology investments across the enterprise. We have the flexibility to adjust certain planned 2021 capital expenditures as business levels dictate. Depreciation and amortization expense, excluding amortization of intangibles, is estimated to be in the range of $115.0 million to $120.0 million in 2021. The amortization of intangible assets is estimated to be approximately $4.0 million in 2021.

ABF Freight System, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries reported in our Asset-Based operating segment contribute to multiemployer health, welfare, and pension plans based generally on the time worked by their contractual employees, as specified in the collective bargaining agreement and other supporting supplemental agreements (see Note G to our consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q).

Other Liquidity Information

General economic conditions, including the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in future periods, along with competitive market factors and the related impact on our business, primarily tonnage and shipment levels and the pricing that we receive for our services in future periods, could affect our ability to generate cash from operations and maintain cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments on hand as operating costs increase. Our Credit Facility and our accounts receivable securitization program provide available sources of liquidity with flexible borrowing and payment options. We had available borrowing capacity under our Credit Facility and our accounts receivable securitization program of $180.0 million and $113.3 million, respectively, at March 31, 2021. We believe these agreements provide borrowing capacity options necessary for growth of our businesses. We believe existing cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, cash generated by operations, and amounts available under our Credit Facility or our accounts receivable securitization program will be sufficient to finance our operating expenses, fund our ongoing investments in technology, and repay amounts due under our financing arrangements. Notes payable, finance leases, and other secured financing may also be used to fund capital expenditures, provided that such arrangements are available and the terms are acceptable to us.

On April 29, 2021, our Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.08 per share to stockholders of record as of May 13, 2021. We expect to continue to pay quarterly dividends on our common stock in the foreseeable future, although there can be no assurances in this regard since future dividends will be at the discretion of the Board of Directors and are dependent upon our future earnings, capital requirements, and financial condition; contractual restrictions applying to the payment of dividends under our Credit Agreement; and other factors.

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We have a program in place to repurchase our common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The program has no expiration date but may be terminated at any time at the Board of Directors’ discretion. Repurchases may be made using cash reserves or other available sources. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we purchased 14,923 shares of our common stock for an aggregate cost of $1.0 million, leaving $49.0 million available for repurchase under the current buyback program.

Financial Instruments

We have not historically entered into financial instruments for trading purposes, nor have we historically engaged in a program for fuel price hedging. No such instruments were outstanding as of March 31, 2021. We have an interest rate swap agreement in place which is discussed in Note F to our consolidated financial statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Balance Sheet Changes

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable increased $23.4 million from December 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021, reflecting higher business levels in March 2021 compared to December 2020.

Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses decreased $11.6 million from December 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021, primarily due to payments during the first quarter of 2021 of amounts accrued at December 31, 2020 for certain performance-based incentive plans, including long-term incentive plans impacted by shareholder returns relative to peers, and contributions to our defined contribution plan. These decreases were partially offset by higher accrued balances related to wages and vacation at March 31, 2021, compared to December 31, 2020, due to timing.

Long-term Debt

The $17.4 million decrease in long-term debt, including current portion, from December 31, 2020 to March 31, 2021 is primarily due to payments on note payables during the first quarter of 2021.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

At March 31, 2021, our off-balance sheet arrangements for purchase obligations totaled $139.0 million, as previously discussed in the Contractual Obligations section of Liquidity and Capital Resources.

We have no investments, loans, or any other known contractual arrangements with unconsolidated special-purpose entities, variable interest entities, or financial partnerships and have no outstanding loans with executive officers or directors.

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate was 25.5% and 20.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. The federal statutory tax rate is 21.0%, and the average state tax rate, net of the associated federal deduction, is approximately 5%. However, various factors and significant changes in nondeductible expenses, such as cash surrender value of life insurance and the settlement of share-based payment awards primarily vesting in the second quarter, may cause the full-year 2021 tax rate to vary significantly from the statutory rate.

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Reconciliation between the effective income tax rate, as computed on income before income taxes, and the statutory federal income tax rate is presented in the following table:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021				2020
	(in thousands, except percentages)
Income tax provision at the statutory federal rate	$	6,583	21.0	%	$	501	21.0	%
Federal income tax effects of:
Alternative fuel credit		—	—	%		(451)	(18.9)	%
Nondeductible expenses and other		481	1.5	%		405	17.0	%
Increase in valuation allowances		92	0.3	%		193	8.1	%
Decrease in uncertain tax positions(1)		—	—	%		(933)	(39.1)	%
Tax expense (benefit) from vested RSUs		(135)	(0.4)	%		20	0.8	%
Federal research and development tax credits		(128)	(0.4)	%		(250)	(10.5)	%
Life insurance proceeds and changes in cash surrender value		(266)	(0.8)	%		799	33.5	%
Federal income tax provision	$	6,627	21.2	%	$	284	11.9	%
State income tax provision		1,359	4.3	%		199	8.4	%
Total provision for income taxes	$	7,986	25.5	%	$	483	20.3	%

(1) The statute of limitations expired in the first quarter of 2020 for the federal tax refund for which the reserve for uncertain tax positions was established in 2018.

At March 31, 2021, we had $61.3 million of net deferred tax liabilities after valuation allowances. We evaluated the need for a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets at March 31, 2021 by considering the future reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, future taxable income, and available tax planning strategies. Valuation allowances for deferred tax assets totaled $1.4 million and $1.3 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. As of March 31, 2021, deferred tax liabilities which will reverse in future years exceeded deferred tax assets.

Financial reporting income may differ significantly from taxable income because of items such as revenue recognition, accelerated depreciation for tax purposes, and a significant number of liabilities such as vacation pay, workers’ compensation, and other liabilities, which, for tax purposes, are generally deductible only when paid. For the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, income determined under income tax law exceeded financial reporting income.

During the three months ended March 31, 2021, we made federal and state tax payments of $6.5 million, and received refunds of less than $0.1 million of federal and state income taxes that were paid in prior years. Management does not expect the cash outlays for income taxes will materially exceed reported income tax expense for the foreseeable future.

Critical Accounting Policies

The accounting policies that are “critical,” or the most important, to understand our financial condition and results of operations and that require management to make the most difficult judgments are described in our 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no updates to our critical accounting policies during the three months ended March 31, 2021.

Management believes that there is no new accounting guidance issued but not yet effective that will impact our critical accounting policies.

41

Forward-Looking Statements

Certain statements and information in this report may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Terms such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “foresee,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “predict,” “project,” “scheduled,” “should,” “would,” and similar expressions and the negatives of such terms are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are based on management’s beliefs, assumptions, and expectations based on currently available information, are not guarantees of future performance, and involve certain risks and uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control). Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as and when made, we cannot provide assurance that our expectations will prove to be correct. Actual outcomes and results could materially differ from what is expressed, implied, or forecasted in these statements due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to: widespread outbreak of an illness or disease, including the COVID-19 pandemic and its effects, or any other public health crisis, as well as regulatory measures implemented in response to such events; external events which may adversely affect us or the third parties who provide services for us, for which our business continuity plans may not adequately prepare us; a failure of our information systems, including disruptions or failures of services essential to our operations or upon which our information technology platforms rely, data breach, and/or cybersecurity incidents; interruption or failure of third-party software or information technology systems or licenses; untimely or ineffective development and implementation of, or failure to realize potential benefits associated with, new or enhanced technology or processes, including the pilot test program at ABF Freight; the loss or reduction of business from large customers; the ability to manage our cost structure, and the timing and performance of growth initiatives; maintaining our corporate reputation and intellectual property rights; competitive initiatives and pricing pressures; increased prices for and decreased availability of new revenue equipment, decreases in value of used revenue equipment, and higher costs of equipment-related operating expenses such as maintenance, fuel, and related taxes; availability of fuel, the effect of volatility in fuel prices and the associated changes in fuel surcharges on securing increases in base freight rates, and the inability to collect fuel surcharges; relationships with employees, including unions, and our ability to attract, retain, and develop employees; unfavorable terms of, or the inability to reach agreement on, future collective bargaining agreements or a workforce stoppage by our employees covered under ABF Freight’s collective bargaining agreement; union employee wages and benefits, including changes in required contributions to multiemployer plans; availability and cost of reliable third-party services; our ability to secure independent owner operators and/or operational or regulatory issues related to our use of their services; litigation or claims asserted against us; governmental regulations; environmental laws and regulations, including emissions-control regulations; default on covenants of financing arrangements and the availability and terms of future financing arrangements; self-insurance claims and insurance premium costs; potential impairment of goodwill and intangible assets; general economic conditions and related shifts in market demand that impact the performance and needs of industries we serve and/or limit our customers’ access to adequate financial resources; seasonal fluctuations and adverse weather conditions; and other financial, operational, and legal risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in ArcBest Corporation’s public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

For additional information regarding known material factors that could cause our actual results to differ from our projected results, please see our filings with the SEC, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, and Current Reports on Form 8-K.

Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements after the date they are made, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

42

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Risks associated with the continued economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic remain uncertain. Further discussion related to current economic conditions and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business can be found in “Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Since December 31, 2020, there have been no other significant changes in the Company’s market risks as reported in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was performed with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the Company’s management, including the Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2021.

There were no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting.

43

PART II.

OTHER INFORMATION

ARCBEST CORPORATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

For information related to the Company’s legal proceedings, see Note K, Legal Proceedings, Environmental Matters, and Other Events under Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

The Company’s risk factors are fully described in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K. No material changes to the Company’s risk factors have occurred since the Company filed its 2020 Annual Report Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

(a)Recent sales of unregistered securities.

None.

(b)Use of proceeds from registered securities.

None.

(c)Purchases of equity securities by the issuer and affiliated purchasers.

				Total Number of	Maximum
				Shares Purchased	Approximate Dollar
	Total Number	Average		as Part of Publicly	Value of Shares that
	of Shares	Price Paid		Announced	May Yet Be Purchased
	Purchased	Per Share(1)		Program	Under the Program(2)
	(in thousands, except share and per share data)
1/1/2021-1/31/2021	—	$	—	—	$	50,000
2/1/2021-2/28/2021	5,350		58.82	5,350	$	49,685
3/1/2021-3/31/2021	9,573		71.72	9,573	$	48,999
Total	14,923	$	67.09	14,923

(1) Represents the weighted-average price paid per common share including commission.

(2) In January 2003, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a $25.0 million common stock repurchase program. The Board of Directors authorized an additional $50.0 million to the current program in July 2005. In October 2015, and again in January 2021, the Board of Directors extended the share repurchase program, making a total of $50.0 million available for purchases.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

44

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

The following exhibits are filed or furnished with this report or are incorporated by reference to previously filed material:

Exhibit
No.
3.1	Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 28, 2019, File No. 000-19969, and incorporated herein by reference).
3.2	Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company (previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 24, 2009, File No. 000-19969, and incorporated herein by reference).
3.3	Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company dated as of October 31, 2016 (previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on November 4, 2016, File No. 000-19969, and incorporated herein by reference).
3.4	Certificate of Ownership and Merger, effective May 1, 2014, as filed on April 29, 2014 with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (previously filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on April 30, 2014, File No. 000-19969, and incorporated herein by reference).
10.1#	Second Amendment to the Amended and Restated ArcBest Corporation Ownership Incentive Plan (previously filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on May 5, 2021, File No. 000-19969, and incorporated herein by reference).
10.2#*	The ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan and form of award.
10.3#*	The ArcBest Long-Term (3-Year) Incentive Compensation Plan and form of award.
10.4#*	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Non-Employee Directors – with deferral feature) (for 2021 awards).
10.5#*	Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (Employees) (for 2021 awards).
.
31.1*	Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*	Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32**	Certifications Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*	XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data Files because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE*	Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*	The Cover Page Interactive Data File – the cover page XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

#     Designates a compensation plan or arrangement for directors or executive officers.

*     Filed herewith.

**   Furnished herewith.

45

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

	ARCBEST CORPORATION
	(Registrant)
Date: May 7, 2021	/s/ Judy R. McReynolds
	Judy R. McReynolds
	Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
	and Principal Executive Officer
Date: May 7, 2021	/s/ David R. Cobb
	David R. Cobb
	Vice President — Chief Financial Officer
	and Principal Financial Officer

46

EX-10.2

Exhibit 10.2

[ ] Schedule – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Page 1 of 9

[ ] Schedule

ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Pursuant to the Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan (the “Governing Plan”), the Compensation Committee of the ArcBest Corporation Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”) has adopted the following Individual Award Opportunities, Performance Measures, and Participants pool for ArcBest Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) for the [ ] – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan (the “[ ] Plan”). The Compensation Committee has determined that the [ ] Plan incentive will include the following components:

[ ] Operating Income (“Operating Income Component”)	50% weighting
ROCE Component	50% weighting

The weighting of the components is determined by the Compensation Committee for each Measurement Period.

I. Defined Terms

A. Act of Misconduct. Act of Misconduct shall mean the Participant (i) has committed an act of (a) gross misconduct or fraud in the performance of Participant’s duties to the Company or any Subsidiary, (b) embezzlement, fraud, or dishonesty, (c) material theft or misappropriation of Company or Subsidiary property, (d) nonpayment of any obligation owed to the Company or any Subsidiary, (e) breach of fiduciary duty, (f) violation of Company ethics policy or code of conduct, or (g) deliberate disregard of Company or Subsidiary rules; (ii) is convicted of or enters a guilty plea or plea of nolo contendere with regard to any felony or act of moral turpitude; (iii) makes an unauthorized disclosure of any Company or Subsidiary trade secret or confidential information; (iv) solicits any employee or service provider to leave the employ or cease providing services to the Company or any Subsidiary; (v) breaches any intellectual property or assignment of inventions covenant; (vi) engages in any conduct constituting unfair competition or breaches any non-competition agreement; (vii) induces any Company or Subsidiary customer to breach a contract with the Company or any Subsidiary or to cease doing business with the Company or any Subsidiary; or (viii) induces any principal for whom the Company or any Subsidiary acts as agent to terminate such agency relationship.

B.Base Salary for Executive Officers. Base Salary for Executive Officers is defined as an Executive Officer’s total base salary earned, while an eligible Participant in the [ ] Plan, for the designated Measurement Period, but in no event shall the Base Salary for an Executive Officer exceed the monthly base salary for the Executive Officer as most recently approved by the Compensation Committee as of the end of the day on which the Plan is approved for the Measurement Period or, if later, the day on which the Participant becomes an Executive Officer with a salary approved by the Compensation Committee, multiplied by twelve, multiplied by 150%.  Base Salary is not reduced by any voluntary salary reductions or any salary reduction contributions made to any salary reduction plan, defined contribution plan or other deferred compensation plans of the Company, but does not include any payments under the Governing Plan, any stock option or other type of equity plan, or any other bonuses, incentive pay or special awards.

C.  Base Salary. Base Salary for Participants other than Executive Officers is defined as a Participant’s total base salary earned, while an eligible Participant in the [         ] Plan, for the designated Measurement Period.  Base Salary is not reduced by any voluntary salary reductions or any salary reduction contribution made to any salary reduction plan, defined contribution plan or other deferred compensation plans of the Company, but does not include any payments under the Governing Plan, any stock option or other type of equity plan, or any other bonuses, incentive pay or special awards.

D. Disability. Disability means a physical or mental condition resulting from bodily injury, disease or mental disorder, which constitutes a disability under the terms of the Company’s Short-Term Disability Policy.

[ ] Schedule – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Page 2 of 6

E. Good Reason. Good Reason shall mean (i) any material adverse diminution in Participant’s title, duties, or responsibilities; (ii) any reduction in Participant’s base salary or employee benefits (including reducing Participant’s level of participation or bonus award opportunity in the Company’s or a Subsidiary’s incentive compensation plans) or (iii) a relocation of Participant’s principal place of employment by more than 50 miles without the prior consent of Participant.

F. Material. Five percent (5%) of the aggregate annual incentive pool.

G.  Measurement Period.  The Measurement Period is 1/1/[         ] to 12/31/[         ].

H. Qualified Termination. Qualified Termination shall mean, within 24 full calendar months after a Change in Control, as defined in the Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan, a participant’s separation from service by the Company (or an Affiliate of the Company) not due to an Act of Misconduct (and not as a result of the Participant’s death or Disability), or by the Participant for Good Reason.

I. Retirement. Retirement shall mean Participant’s retirement from active employment at or after age 65 or retirement from the Company or Subsidiary at or after age 55, so long as the Participant has, as of the date of such retirement, at least 10 years of service with the Company or any Subsidiary. Officers and/or Executive Officers must be a Participant in the Plan during the Plan Year for not less than ninety (90) days prior to his or her Retirement to be eligible for an incentive under the [ ] Plan.

II. Participants

Eligible Participants in the [ ] Plan are listed in Appendix C and certain employees or positions may be specifically included or excluded by the Compensation Committee.

If you are promoted to an eligible position after November 30, [ ], you will not be eligible to participate in the [ ] Plan.

If an Eligible Participant in the [ ] Plan also participates in the ArcBest Corporation 2012 Change in Control Plan, the terms of the ArcBest Corporation 2012 Change in Control Plan shall govern.

III. Corporate Performance Metrics

Operating Income Component: The Individual Award Opportunities provided by the Operating Income Component are based on (a) achieving certain levels of Operating Income in [ ], and (b) Your Target Payout Factor Earned. The formula below illustrates how your incentive is computed:

Your Incentive Payment= [Performance Factor Earned x Your Target Payout Factor x Your Base Salary x the Operating Income Component Weighting]

A. Performance Factor Earned. Performance Factor Earned is shown in Appendix A and depends on the Operating Income achieved.

B. Target Payout Factor. Your Target Payout Factor is a percentage of your Base Salary. The Target Payout Factors are listed in Appendix C.

ROCE Component: The Individual Award Opportunities provided by the ROCE Component are based on (a) achieving certain levels of performance for ArcBest’s Consolidated Return on Capital Employed (“ROCE”) and (b) your Target Payout Factor. The formula below illustrates how your incentive is computed:

2

[ ] Schedule – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Page 3 of 6

Your Incentive Payment = [Performance Factor Earned x Your Target Payout Factor x Your Base Salary x the ROCE Component Weighting]

A. Performance Factor Earned. Performance Factor Earned is shown in Appendix B and depends on the ROCE achieved by ArcBest for the year.

B. Target Payout Factor. Your Target Payout Factor is a percentage of your Base Salary. The Target Payout Factors are listed in Appendix C.

If the performance result falls between two rows on Appendix A or Appendix B, interpolation is used to determine the factor used in the computation of the incentive.

An example of the computation of an individual award opportunity for a Vice President is as follows:

Base Salary during the Measurement Period: $200,000

Target Payout Factor: 40%

[ ] ArcBest Operating Income: $166,200,000

[ ] ArcBest ROCE: 15.2%

	Operating Income	ROCE	Total
Base Salary	$200,000	$200,000
Your Target Payout Factor	40%	40%
Performance Factor Earned	100%	188%
Weighting	50%	50%
Your Incentive Payment	$40,000	$75,200	$115,200

The Compensation Committee has established maximum incentive amounts based on a maximum Performance Factor Earned of 200% of your Target Payout Factor for the Operating Income Component and 300% of your Target Payout Factor for the ROCE Component subject to the applicable weighting for each component as provided in Appendix A and Appendix B.

IV. Effect of a Change in Control

Change in Control. Upon the occurrence of a Qualified Termination following a Change in Control, Participant shall be entitled to immediate payment of the greater of the following:

(a) The amount computed under the Plan based on 100% of the Participant’s “Target Payout Factor” in Appendix C prorated using the date of the Change in Control as the end of the Measurement Period, or

(b) The amount computed under the Plan based on the actual percentage of Performance Factor Earned in Appendix A and Appendix B, calculated as if the Measurement Period ended on the date of the Change in Control.

V. Payment of Award

Payment will be made as soon as practicable following the end of the Measurement Period, and in any event, no later than 2 ½ months after the end of the Measurement Period.

3

[ ] Schedule – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Page 4 of 6

VI. Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Defined terms in this [ ] ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan Schedule shall have the same meaning as in the Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan except where the context otherwise requires.

Schedule A

[ ] Plan – Operating Income Component

ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Pursuant to the Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan (the “Governing Plan”), the Compensation Committee of the ArcBest Corporation Board of Directors (“Compensation Committee”) has adopted this Operating Income Component as a component of the [ ] Plan, including the following Individual Award Opportunities and Performance Measures for ArcBest Corporation and its subsidiaries.

I. Performance Measure

[ ] Operating Income is defined as operating income as shown by the consolidated financial statements and consistent with the historical determination of operating income in ArcBest’s consolidated financial statements.

II. Required Adjustments

Adjustments to Operating Income shall be made by the Company in accordance with the Policy Regarding Required Adjustments under the ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan and the ArcBest Long-Term (3-Year) Incentive Compensation Plan.

III. Discretionary Adjustments

Prior to a Change in Control, the Compensation Committee may make any adjustment (to increase or reduce) to any Participant’s Final Award if the Compensation Committee determines, in its sole discretion, that events have occurred or facts have become known which would make such adjustment appropriate and equitable. Following a Change in Control, the Compensation Committee may make a positive adjustment only to any Participant’s Final Award if the Compensation Committee determines, in its sole discretion, that events have occurred or facts have become known which would make such adjustment appropriate and equitable. In addition, the Executive Officers of the Company are permitted to make adjustments to performance metrics and awards under the [ ] Plan, provided that, such adjustment does not result in a Material increase or decrease of the aggregate annual incentive pool.

4

[ ] Schedule – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Page 5 of 6

Schedule B

[ ] Plan – ROCE Plan Component

ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Pursuant to the Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan (the “Governing Plan”), the Compensation Committee of the ArcBest Corporation Board of Directors (“Compensation Committee”) has adopted this ROCE Component as a component of the [ ] Plan, including the following Individual Award Opportunities and Performance Measures for ArcBest Corporation and its subsidiaries.

I. Performance Measure

ROCE for ArcBest is calculated as the following ratio:

Net Income + After-tax Effect of Interest Expense

+ After-tax Effect of Imputed Interest Expense + After-tax Effect of Amortization of intangibles

– After-tax Effect of Income from

Cash and Short-term Investments Attributable to the reduction in Average Debt

Average Equity + Average Debt + Average Imputed Debt

“Net Income” for the ROCE calculation is consolidated net income determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles.

“Interest Expense” for the ROCE calculation is (i) interest on all long and short-term indebtedness, including capital leases, and other interest bearing obligations, and (ii) deferred financing cost amortization and other financing costs including letters of credit fees, reduced by the amount of interest expense on debt not included in Average Debt as defined below.

“Imputed Interest Expense” consists of the interest attributable to Average Imputed Debt assuming an interest rate of 7.5%.

“Average Debt” is the average of the beginning of the year and the end of the year current and long-term debt, with beginning of the year and end of the year current and long-term debt reduced by the respective amount of the beginning of the year and end of the year total of unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, and limited to a reduction of debt to zero.

“Average Equity” is the average of the beginning of the Measurement Period and the end of the Measurement Period stockholder’s equity.

“Average Imputed Debt” consists of the average of the beginning of the year and the end of the year present value of all payments determined using an interest rate of 7.5% on operating leases of revenue equipment with an initial term of more than two years.

“Amortization of intangibles” consists of amortization of intangibles and depreciation of software related to acquired businesses including any writedown or impairment charge related to those assets.

“Income from Cash and Short-term Investments Attributable to the reduction in Average Debt” consists of income earned on the amount by which Average Debt is reduced at the average interest rate earned in cash and short-term investments for the measurement period.

5

[ ] Schedule – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Page 6 of 6

II. Required Adjustments

Adjustments to ROCE shall be made by the Company in accordance with the Policy Regarding Required Adjustments under the ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan and the ArcBest Long-Term (3-Year) Incentive Compensation Plan.

II. Discretionary Adjustments

Prior to a Change in Control, the Compensation Committee may make any adjustment (to increase or reduce) to any Participant’s Final Award if the Compensation Committee determines, in its sole discretion, that events have occurred or facts have become known which would make such adjustment appropriate and equitable. Following a Change in Control, the Compensation Committee may make a positive adjustment only to any Participant’s Final Award if the Compensation Committee determines, in its sole discretion, that events have occurred or facts have become known which would make such adjustment appropriate and equitable. In addition, the Executive Officers of the Company are permitted to make adjustments to performance metrics and awards under the [ ] Plan, provided that, such adjustment does not result in a Material increase or decrease of the aggregate annual incentive pool.

6

[ ] Schedule – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Page 7 of 9

Appendix A

Operating Income Component

	[ ] Operating Income	Performance Factor Earned
	As approved annually by the Compensation Committee	0%
Threshold		25%
Target		100%
Maximum		200%
		200%

Operating Income Component Weighting: 50%

7

[ ] Schedule – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Page 8 of 9

Appendix B

[ ] ROCE Component

	Return on Capital Employed (“ROCE”)	Performance Factor Earned
	Less than 8%	0%
Threshold	8%	50%
Target	13%	100%
Maximum	18%	300%
	Greater than 18%	300%

ROCE Component Weighting: 50%

8

[ ] Schedule – ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan

Page 9 of 9

Appendix C

Target Payout Factors

Participants/Job Title	Target Payout Factor
ArcBest Chairman, President & CEO	[ ]%
ABF Freight President ArcBest CFO	[ ]%
ArcBest, COO, Asset-Light Logistics AB Tech President and ArcBest SVP – CINO ArcBest Vice President – Chief Customer Officer ArcBest President, Asset-Light Logistics, Chief Yield Officer	[ ]%
ArcBest Vice President – General Counsel & Corporate Sec. ArcBest Vice President – Chief Human Resources Officer ArcBest Vice President – Chief Sales & Customer Engagement Officer	[ ]%
ArcBest Vice President – Controller	[ ]%

9

EX-10.3

Exhibit 10.3

ArcBest

Long-Term (3-Year) Incentive Compensation Plan

Pursuant to the ArcBest Corporation (“ArcBest” or “Company”) Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan, the Compensation Committee of the ArcBest Corporation Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”) has adopted the “Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan” (the “Plan”) and has determined that the Plan will include the following components for the three-year period beginning 1/1/[ ] and ending 12/31/[ ]:

ROCE Component	50% weighting
Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) Component	50% weighting

The ROCE Component weighting and TSR Component weighting are determined by the Compensation Committee for each Measurement Period.

I.Defined Terms

Act of Misconduct.  Act of Misconduct shall mean the Participant (i) has committed an act of (a) gross misconduct or fraud in the performance of Participant’s duties to the Company or any Subsidiary, (b) embezzlement, fraud, or dishonesty, (c) material theft or misappropriation of Company or Subsidiary property, (d) nonpayment of any obligation owed to the Company or any Subsidiary, (e) breach of fiduciary duty, (f) violation of Company ethics policy or code of conduct, or (g) deliberate disregard of Company or Subsidiary rules; (ii) is convicted of or enters a guilty plea or plea of nolo contendere with regard to any felony or act of moral turpitude; (iii) makes an unauthorized disclosure of any Company or Subsidiary trade secret or confidential information; (iv) solicits any employee or service provider to leave the employ or cease providing services to the Company or any Subsidiary; (v) breaches any intellectual property or assignment of inventions covenant; (vi) engages in any conduct constituting unfair competition or breaches any non-competition agreement; (vii) induces any Company or Subsidiary customer to breach a contract with the Company or any Subsidiary or to cease doing business with the Company or any Subsidiary; or (viii) induces any principal for whom the Company or any Subsidiary acts as agent to terminate such agency relationship.

Disability. Disability means a physical or mental condition resulting from bodily injury, disease or mental disorder, which constitutes a disability under the terms of the Company’s Short-Term Disability Policy.

Good Reason. Good Reason shall mean (i) any material adverse diminution in Participant’s title, duties, or responsibilities; (ii) any reduction in Participant’s base salary or employee benefits (including reducing Participant’s level of participation or bonus award opportunity in the Company’s or a Subsidiary’s incentive compensation plans) or (iii) a relocation of Participant’s principal place of employment by more than 50 miles without the prior consent of Participant.

Material. Five percent (5%) of the aggregate Plan pool.

Measurement Period. The Measurement Period is 1/1/[ ] to 12/31/[ ].

Qualified Termination. Qualified Termination shall mean, within 24 full calendar months after a Change in Control, as defined in the Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan, a participant’s Separation from Service by the Company (or an Affiliate of the Company) not due to an Act of Misconduct (and not as a result of the Participant’s death or Disability), or by the Participant for Good Reason.

Retirement. Retirement shall mean Participant’s retirement from active employment at or after age 65 or retirement from the Company or Subsidiary at or after age 55, so long as the Participant has, as of the date of such retirement, at least 10 years of service with the Company or any Subsidiary.

II. Participants

Participants in the Plan (who are not active participants in ArcBest or a Subsidiary’s Supplemental Benefit Plan or Deferred Salary Agreement program or who selected Option 1 for their 12/31/2009 SBP Freeze election) are listed in Appendix C and certain employees may be specifically included or excluded by the Compensation Committee. For purposes of Appendix C, the term “ArcBest’ refers to both ArcBest Corporation and ArcBest II, Inc.

An employee may not become a Participant after the end of the 12^th month of the Measurement Period.

If an Eligible Participant in the Plan also participates in the ArcBest Corporation 2012 Change in Control Plan, the terms of the ArcBest Corporation 2012 Change in Control Plan shall govern.

III. Corporate Performance Metrics

ROCE Component: The Individual Award Opportunities provided by the ROCE Component are based on (a) achieving certain levels of performance for ArcBest’s consolidated Return on Capital Employed (“ROCE”) and (b) your Target Payout Value. The formula below illustrates how your incentive is computed:

Your Incentive Payment = [Performance Factor Earned x Your Target Payout Value x the ROCE Component Weighting].

If you become eligible to participate in the Plan during the first 12 months of the Measurement Period, your Incentive Payment will be prorated based on the number of whole months completed while you are in an eligible Job listed in the Plan, the applicable Performance Factor Earned and Your Target Payout Value. If you die, are Disabled or Retire as provided for under Section VII of the ROCE Component, your Incentive Payment will be prorated based on the number of whole months completed from the beginning of the Measurement Period until the applicable date of death, Disability or retirement date.

A. Performance Factor Earned. Performance Factor Earned is shown in Appendix A and depends on the ROCE achieved by ArcBest for the Measurement Period.

B. Target Payout Value. Your Target Payout Value is the fixed dollar value you receive upon target performance as determined by the Compensation Committee. The value varies by role within the Company. The Target Payout Values are listed in Appendix C.

TSR Component: The Individual Award Opportunities provided by the TSR Component are based on (a) the percentile rank of the Company’s Compounded Annual Growth Rate (“CAGR”) of Total Shareholder Return relative to the Peer Companies over the Measurement Period and (b) your Target Payout Factor. At the end of the Measurement Period, the percentile rank of the Company’s CAGR Total Shareholder Return will be calculated. Any Peer Company that is no longer publicly traded shall be excluded from this calculation. The formula below illustrates how this portion of your incentive is computed:

Your Incentive Payment = [Performance Factor Earned x Your Target Payout Value x TSR Component Weighting].

If you become eligible to participate in the Plan during the first 12 months of the Measurement Period, your Incentive Payment will be prorated based on the number of whole months completed while you are in an eligible Job listed in the Plan, the applicable Performance Factor Earned and Your Fixed Dollar Value. If you die, are Disabled or Retire as provided for under Section VII of the TSR Component, your Incentive Payment will be prorated based on the number of whole months completed from the beginning of the Measurement Period until your date of death, Disability or retirement date.

A. Performance Factor Earned. The Performance Factor Earned is shown in Appendix B and depends on the Company’s Compounded Annual Growth Rate of Total Shareholder Return over the Measurement Period as compared to the Peer Companies.

B. Target Payout Value. Your Target Payout Value is a fixed dollar value you receive upon target performance as determined by the Compensation Committee. The value varies by role within the Company. The Target Payout Values are listed in Appendix C.

If the performance result falls between two rows on Appendix A or Appendix B, interpolation is used to determine the factor used in the computation of the incentive.

An example of the computation of an individual award opportunity for a Vice President is as follows:

Target Payout Value: $100,000

ArcBest Consolidated 3-Year Average ROCE = 15.0%

Company’s TSR Ranking for Measurement Period: 60^th percentile

		ROCE		TSR		Total
Performance Factor Earned		180%		140%
Your Target Payout Value	$	100,000	$	100,000
Weighting		50%		50%
Your Incentive Payment	$	90,000	$	70,000	$	160,000

The Compensation Committee has established maximum incentive amounts based on a maximum Performance Factor Earned of 200% for the TSR Component and 300% for the ROCE Component subject to the applicable weighting for each component as provided in Appendix A and Appendix B.

The terms of the Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan – ROCE Component and the Long-Term Incentive Compensation Plan – TSR Component are incorporated into the Plan.

IV. Payment of Award

Payment will be made as soon as practicable following the end of the Measurement Period, and in any event, no later than 2 ½ months after the end of the Measurement Period.

V. Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan

Defined terms in this Plan shall have the same meaning as in the Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan, except where the context otherwise requires.

No term or provision in this Plan may conflict with any term or provision of the Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan. It is specifically intended that the Plan, ROCE Component and TSR Component be an “Award Agreement” and the incentives paid hereunder be an “Award” under the terms of the Executive Officer Incentive Compensation Plan.

VI. Discretionary Adjustments

Prior to a Change in Control, the Compensation Committee may make any adjustment (to increase or decrease) to any Participant’s Final Award if the Compensation Committee determines, in its sole discretion, that events have occurred or facts have become known which would make such adjustment appropriate and equitable. Following a Change in Control, the Compensation Committee may make a positive adjustment only to any Participant’s Final Award if the Compensation Committee determines, in its sole discretion, that events have occurred or facts have become known which would make such adjustment appropriate and equitable. In addition, the Executive Officers of the Company are permitted to make adjustments to performance metrics and awards under the [ ] Plan, provided that, such adjustment does not result in a Material increase or decrease of the Plan pool.

VII. Effect of Termination of Employment; Change in Control

(a) General. Except as provided in subparts (b) or (c), upon a termination of Participant’s employment with the Company or any Subsidiary for any reason prior to the completion of the Measurement Period, the Participant shall not be entitled to any Incentive Payment under the Plan.

(b) Death; Disability; Retirement. Upon termination of Participant’s employment with the Company or any Subsidiary by reason of Participant’s death, Disability or Retirement (as defined in the Plan), Participant’s Incentive Payment shall be prorated based on the period of participation in the Plan, provided that Participant’s Incentive Payment shall be computed and paid in the normal course of business after the end of the Measurement Period. Provided, however, an employee must have completed at least 12 months of the Measurement Period to be entitled to an Incentive Payment under this Section VII(b).

(c) Change in Control. Upon the occurrence of a Qualified Termination following a Change in Control, Participant shall be entitled to immediate payment of the greater of the following:

(A) The amount computed under the Plan based on 100% of the Participant’s “Target Payout Value” in Appendix C and prorated using the date of the Change in Control as the end of the Measurement Period, or

(B) The amount computed under the Plan based on the actual percentage of Performance Factor Earned in Appendix A and Appendix B, calculated as if the Measurement Period ended on the date of the Change in Control. And specifically, for the TSR metric, using the Company share price as of the date of the Change in Control to calculate TSR rather than the 60-day average price for the ending of the Measurement Period.

LTIP - ROCE Component

The Compensation Committee of the ArcBest Corporation Board of Directors has adopted this ROCE Component of the Plan (“ROCE Component”), including the following Individual Award Opportunities, Performance Measures and Participants for ArcBest Corporation and its subsidiaries for the three-year period beginning 1/1/[ ] and ending 12/31/[ ].

I. Performance Measure

ROCE for ArcBest is calculated as the following ratio for the Measurement Period:

Net Income + After-tax Effect of Interest Expense + After-tax Effect of Imputed Interest Expense + After-tax Effect of Amortization of intangibles – After-tax Effect of Income from Cash and Short-term Investments Attributable to the reduction in Avg. Debt

Average Equity + Average Debt + Average Imputed Debt

Divided by 3

“Net Income” for the ROCE calculation is consolidated net income for the Measurement Period determined in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

“Interest Expense” for the ROCE calculation is (i) interest on all long and short-term indebtedness and other interest bearing obligations and (ii) deferred financing cost amortization and other financing costs, including letters of credit fees for the Measurement Period, reduced by the amount of interest expense on debt not included in Average Debt as defined below.

“Imputed Interest Expense” consists of the interest attributable to Average Imputed Debt assuming an interest rate of 7.5% for the Measurement Period.

“Average Equity” is the average of the beginning of the Measurement Period and the end of the Measurement Period stockholder’s equity.

“Average Debt” is the average of the beginning of the Measurement Period and the end of the Measurement Period current and long-term debt, with beginning of the Measurement Period and end of the Measurement Period current and long-term debt reduced by the respective amount of the beginning of the Measurement Period and end of the Measurement Period total of unrestricted cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments, and limited to a reduction of debt to zero.

“Average Imputed Debt” consists of the average of the beginning of the Measurement Period and the end of the Measurement Period present value of all payments determined using an interest rate of 7.5% on operating leases of revenue equipment with an initial term of more than two years.

“Amortization of intangibles” consists of amortization of intangibles and depreciation of software related to acquired businesses including any writedown or impairment charge related to those assets.

“Income from Cash and Short-term Investments Attributable to the reduction in Average Debt” consists of income earned on the amount by which Average Debt is reduced at the average interest rate earned in cash and short-term investments for the measurement period.

II.Required Adjustments

Adjustments to ROCE shall be made by the Company in accordance with the Policy Regarding Required Adjustments under the ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan and the ArcBest Long-Term (3-Year) Incentive Compensation Plan.

LTIP - TSR Component

The Compensation Committee of the ArcBest Corporation Board of Directors has adopted this Total Shareholder Return Component of the Total Plan (“TSR Component”), including the following Individual Award Opportunities, Performance Measures, and Participants for ArcBest Corporation and its subsidiaries for the three-year period beginning 1/1/[ ] and ending 12/31/[ ].

I. Performance Measure

Total Shareholder Return. (“TSR”). Total Shareholder Return with respect to the Company and each Peer Company equals the annualized rate of return reflecting price appreciation between the beginning 60-day average share price (ending December 31 of the year immediately prior to the beginning of the Measurement Period) and the ending 60-day average share price (ending December 31 of the final year of the Measurement Period), adjusted for dividends paid and the compounding effect of dividends paid on reinvested dividends (the calculation assumes that all dividends paid are reinvested). Any Peer Company that is no longer publicly traded shall be excluded from this calculation.

Compounded Annual Growth Rate (“CAGR”). Compounded Annual Growth Rate converts the total return into a value that indicates what the return was on an annual basis for the 3-year period.

Peer Companies. The Peer Companies are the following publicly traded companies:

Company Name	Ticker
Echo Global Logistics, Inc.	ECHO
Forward Air Corporation	FWRD
Hub Group, Inc.	HUBG
JB Hunt Transport Services, Inc.	JBHT
Knight-Swift Transportation Holdings, Inc.	KNX
Landstar System, Inc.	LSTR
Old Dominion Freight Line, Inc.	ODFL
Saia, Inc.	SAIA
Schneider National, Inc.	SNDR
Werner Enterprises, Inc.	WERN
Yellow Corporation (f/k/a YRC Worldwide Inc.)	YELL
Covenant Logistics Group, Inc.	CVLG
US Xpress Enterprises, Inc.	USX

II. Adjustments

Adjustments to TSR shall be made by the Company in accordance with the Policy Regarding Required Adjustments under the ArcBest 16b Annual Incentive Compensation Plan and the ArcBest Long-Term (3-Year) Incentive Compensation Plan.

Appendix A

[ ]-[ ] LTIP – ROCE Component

	Three-Year Average Return on Capital Employed (“ROCE”)	Performance Factor Earned
	Less than 8%	0%
Threshold	8%	50%
Target	13%	100%
Maximum	18%	300%
	Greater than 18%	300%

ROCE Component Weighting: 50%

Appendix B

[ ]-[ ] LTIP – TSR Component

	Percentile ranking of the Company’s Compounded Annual Growth Rate TSR relative to Peer Companies over the Measurement Period	Performance Factor Earned
	Below 25th Percentile	0%
Threshold	25th Percentile	25%
Target	50th Percentile	100%
Maximum	75th Percentile	200%
	Above 75th Percentile	200%

TSR Component Weighting: 50%

Appendix C

LTIP Target Payout Value

Participants/Job Title	Target Payout Value
Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer	$[ ]
President, ABF Freight	$[ ]
Chief Financial Officer	$[ ]
Chief Customer Officer	$[ ]
President, Asset-Light Logistics, Chief Yield Officer	$[ ]
Chf Oper Officer, Asset-Light Logistics	$[ ]
Sr VP Chf Innov Off, ArcBest & Pres, ArcBest Tech	$[ ]
Chief Operating Officer, ABF Freight	$[ ]
Vice President, General Counsel and Corp Secretary	$[ ]
Senior Vice President, Emp Rel, Safety and HR	$[ ]
Chief Sales and Customer Engagement Officer	$[ ]
Chief Human Resources Officer	$[ ]
VP, Digital Business Platforms and CEO, FleetNet	$[ ]
Vice President, Controller	$[ ]
Vice President, Financial Services and Risk Mgmt	$[ ]
Vice President, Yield Management	$[ ]
Vice President, Technology Research & Development	$[ ]
Vice President, Operations Science	$[ ]
Vice President, Service Center Operations	$[ ]
Vice President, Real Estate	$[ ]
Vice President & Chief Information Officer	$[ ]
Vice President, Innovative Operations	$[ ]
Vice President, Talent and Growth Initiatives	$[ ]
Vice President, Chief Technology Officer	$[ ]
EVP, Asset Light Exp Svcs & Strategic Capacity	$[ ]
Vice President, Internal Audit	$[ ]
Vice President, Pricing, Treasurer & Controller	$[ ]
Vice President, Enterprise Sales	$[ ]
Vice President, Field Sales	$[ ]
Vice President, Sales Asset-Light	$[ ]
Vice President, People Services	$[ ]
Vice President, Data Science	$[ ]
Vice President, Carrier Sales	$[ ]
Vice President, Tax	$[ ]
Vice President, Treasurer	$[ ]
Vice President, Managed Solutions	$[ ]
Vice President, Investor Relations	$[ ]
Vice President, Controller Asset-Light Logistics	$[ ]

Vice President, Customer Experience	$[ ]
Vice President, Expedite Fleet and Operations	$[ ]
Vice President International	$[ ]
Vice President, Moving Services and Yield Strategy	$[ ]

EX-10.4

Exhibit 10.4

ARCBEST CORPORATION
RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT
(Non-Employee Directors – with deferral feature)

Participant:	First Name MI Last Name
Grant Date:	[ ]
Award Number:	[ ]
Restricted Stock Units Awarded:	[ ]

This Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (this “Agreement”) is dated as of this [ ] day of [ ], [ ] (the “Grant Date”), and is between ArcBest Corporation (the “Company”) and [First Name/MI//Last Name] (“Participant”).

WHEREAS, the Company, by action of the Board and approval of its shareholders established the ArcBest Corporation Ownership Incentive Plan (the “Plan”);

WHEREAS, Participant is a member of the Board and is not employed by the Company or a Subsidiary;

WHEREAS, the Company desires to encourage Participant to own Common Stock for the purposes stated in Section 1 of the Plan; and

WHEREAS, Participant and the Company have entered into this Agreement to govern the terms of the Restricted Stock Unit Award (as defined below) granted to Participant by the Company.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1.Definitions

Defined terms in the Plan shall have the same meaning in this Agreement, except where the context otherwise requires.

2.Grant of Restricted Stock Units

On the Grant Date, the Company hereby grants to Participant an Award of [ ]Restricted Stock Units (the “Award”) in accordance with Section 9 of the Plan and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and the Plan (as amended from time to time). Each Restricted Stock Unit subject to the Award represents the right to receive one Share (as adjusted from time to time pursuant to Paragraph 13 hereof and/or Section 13 of the Plan) upon the terms and subject to the conditions (including the vesting conditions) set forth in this Agreement and the Plan. By accepting the Award, Participant irrevocably agrees on behalf of Participant and Participant’s successors and permitted assigns to all of the terms and conditions of the Award as

set forth in or pursuant to this Agreement and the Plan (as such Plan may be amended from time to time).

3.Vesting; Payment

(a)The Award shall not be vested as of the Grant Date and shall be forfeitable unless and until otherwise vested pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. After the Grant Date, provided that Participant remains a member of the Board continuously through the first anniversary of the Grant Date (the “Normal Vesting Date”), the Award shall become vested with respect to 100% of the Restricted Stock Units on such Normal Vesting Date. In addition, prior to the Normal Vesting Date:

(i) the Award shall become vested with respect to 100% of the Restricted Stock Units on the first date on or after the Grant Date that the Participant satisfies the requirements for Normal Retirement, as defined below, whether or not actual retirement or separation from service has occurred on that date.

(ii) on the first date on or after the Grant Date on which Participant satisfies the requirements for Early Retirement, as defined below, whether or not actual retirement or separation from service has occurred on that date, the Award shall become vested with respect to the number of the Restricted Stock Units subject to the Award multiplied by a fraction, (A) the numerator of which is equal to the number of full months between such date and the Grant Date, and (B) the denominator of which is 12, and the Award shall continue to vest on the fifteenth day of each subsequent month with respect to an additional one-twelfth of the number of Restricted Stock Units subject to the Award until the first day of the month in which the Normal Vesting Date occurs. In the month that the Normal Vesting Date occurs, all Units not previously vested shall become vested on the date of the month that corresponds to the Grant Date.

For purposes of this Agreement, the term "Normal Retirement" shall mean Participant's retirement from service as a member of the Board on or after age 65 so long as Participant has, as of the date of such retirement, at least 5 years of service with the Company.

For purposes of this Agreement, the term "Early Retirement" shall mean Participant's retirement from service as a member of the Board with at least 3 years of Board member service with the Company.

Restricted Stock Units that have vested and are no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture are referred to herein as "Vested Units." Restricted Stock Units that are not vested and generally remain subject to forfeiture are referred to herein as "Unvested Units."

(b)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Paragraph 3, the Award shall be subject to earlier acceleration of vesting and/or forfeiture and transfer as provided in this Agreement and the Plan.

(c)Subject to Paragraph 3(d) below, on the Normal Vesting Date, or, if earlier, the date Participant’s service as a member of the Board terminates on or after he satisfied the requirements for accelerated vesting by virtue of qualifying for Normal Retirement or Early Retirement, Participant shall be entitled to receive one Share (subject to adjustment under Paragraph 13 hereof and/or Section 13 of the Plan) for each Vested Unit in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement and the Plan. The Company will transfer such Shares to Participant or Participant’s designee subject to (i) Participant’s satisfaction of any required tax withholding obligations as set forth in Paragraph 6 and (ii) the restrictions, if any, imposed by the Company under Paragraph 14(f) or otherwise pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Agreement.

(d)Subject to the satisfaction of all of the tax withholding obligations described in Section 6 below, Participant may irrevocably elect to defer the receipt of any Shares issuable pursuant to Vested Units, other than Units distributable by reason of Sections 6(b) or (c), by submitting to the Company an election to defer receipt in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Deferral Election Form”). In the event Participant intends to defer the receipt of any Shares, Participant must submit a proposed Deferral Election Form to the Company by December 31 of the year preceding the year of the Grant Date of the Award. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any Shares subject to Vested Units with respect to which a deferred payment date has been elected shall be immediately distributed to Participant or Participant’s estate, as applicable, upon Participant’s death or Disability (as defined below) or upon a “change in the ownership or effective control” of the Company or in the “ownership of a substantial portion of the assets” of the Company within the meanings ascribed to such terms in Treasury Department regulations or other guidance issued under Section 409A of the Code. Participant hereby represents that he or she understands the effect of any such deferral of the receipt of shares under relevant federal, state and local tax laws.

(e)The date upon which Shares are to be issued under either Paragraph 3(c) or 3(d) is referred to as the “Settlement Date.” The issuance of the Shares hereunder may be effected by the issuance of a stock certificate, recording shares on the stock records of the Company or by crediting shares in an account established on the Participant’s behalf with a brokerage firm or other custodian, in each case as determined by the Company. Fractional shares will not be issued pursuant to the Award.

Notwithstanding the above, prior to a Change in Control, (i) for administrative or other reasons, the Company may from time to time temporarily suspend the issuance of Shares in respect of earned Vested Units (whether or not deferred), (ii) the Company shall not be obligated to deliver any Shares during any period when the Company determines that the delivery of Shares hereunder would violate any federal, state or other applicable laws, and (iii) the date on which shares are issued hereunder may include a delay in order to provide the Company such time as it determines appropriate to address tax withholding and other administrative matters. Any delay pursuant to 3(e)(ii) shall only be until such time that the Company determines that the delivery of shares would no longer violate any Federal, state or other applicable law. Notwithstanding the delay for administrative or other reasons provided for in clauses (i) and (iii) above, in no event will such issuance of shares be delayed beyond the later of the end of the calendar year in which the Settlement Date occurs, or the 15^th day of the third month after the end of such year, or such

other time as permitted under Section 409A of the Code and the regulations thereunder without the imposition of any additional taxes under Section 409A of the Code.

Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, this Agreement or the Deferral Election Form to the contrary, the Plan, this Agreement and the Deferral Election Form shall be construed or deemed to be amended as necessary to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code to avoid the imposition of any additional or accelerated taxes or other penalties under Section 409A of the Code. The Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine the requirements of Section 409A of the Code applicable to the Plan, this Agreement and the Deferral Election Form and shall interpret the terms of the Plan, this Agreement and the Deferral Election Form consistently therewith. Under no circumstances, however, shall the Company have any liability under the Plan, this Agreement or the Deferral Election Form for any taxes, penalties or interest due on amounts paid or payable pursuant to the Plan, this Agreement or the Deferral Election Form, including any taxes, penalties or interest imposed under Section 409A of the Code.

4.Status of Participant

Participant shall have no rights as a stockholder (including, without limitation, any voting rights with respect to the Shares subject to the Award and, except to the extent the Award is adjusted pursuant to Paragraph 13 hereof and/or Section 13 of the Plan, the right to receive any payments with respect to dividends or other distributions paid with respect to the Shares subject to this Award) with respect to either the Restricted Stock Units granted hereunder or the Shares underlying the Restricted Stock Units, unless and until such Shares are issued in respect of Vested Units, and then only to the extent of such issued Shares.

5.Effect of Termination of Board Service; Change in Control

(a)General. Except as provided in Paragraphs 5(b) or (c), upon a termination of Participant’s service as a member of the Board for any reason, the Unvested Units shall be forfeited by Participant and cancelled and surrendered to the Company without payment of any consideration to Participant.

(b)Death; Disability. Upon a termination of Participant’s service as a member of the Board by reason of Participant’s death or Disability, all Unvested Units shall vest as of the date of such termination of service and be issued as soon as administratively possible. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “Disability” shall mean a condition under which Participant either (i) is unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve months, or (ii) is, by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve months, receiving income replacement benefits for a period of not less than three months under an accident and health plan.

(c)Change in Control. All Unvested Units shall vest as of the date a Change in Control occurs and be issued as soon as administratively possible so long as with respect to any

amounts that the Company determines to be deferred compensation within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, such Change in Control qualifies as a “change in the ownership or effective control” of the Company or in the “ownership of a substantial portion of the assets” of the Company within the meanings ascribed to such terms in Treasury Department regulations or other guidance issued under Section 409A of the Code.

6.Withholding and Disposition of Shares

Participant is liable and responsible for all taxes owed in connection with the Award, regardless of any action the Company takes with respect to any tax reporting or withholding obligations that arise in connection with the Award. The Company does not make any representation or undertaking regarding the tax treatment of the grant or vesting of the Award or the subsequent sale of Shares issuable pursuant to the Award. The Company does not commit and is under no obligation to structure the Award to reduce or eliminate Participant’s tax liability.

7.Excess Parachute Payments

Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if any of the payments in respect of this Award, together with any other payments to which Participant has the right to receive from the Company or any purchaser, successor, or assign, would constitute an “excess parachute payment” (as defined in Code Section 280G), the payments pursuant to the Award and/or such other plans or agreements shall be reduced to the largest amount as will result in no portion of such payments being subject to the excise tax imposed by Code Section 4999.

8.Plan Controls

The terms of this Agreement are governed by the terms of the Plan, as it exists on the Grant Date and as the Plan is amended from time to time. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of the Plan shall control, except as expressly stated otherwise in this Agreement. The term “Section” generally refers to provisions within the Plan; provided, however, the term “Paragraph” shall refer to a provision of this Agreement.

9.Limitation on Rights; No Right to Future Grants; Extraordinary Item

By entering into this Agreement and accepting the Award, Participant acknowledges that: (a) Participant’s participation in the Plan is voluntary and (b) the grant of the Award will not be interpreted to form an employment or Board member relationship with the Company or any Subsidiary. The Company shall be under no obligation whatsoever to advise Participant of the existence, maturity or termination of any of Participant’s rights hereunder and Participant shall be responsible for familiarizing himself or herself with all matters contained herein and in the Plan which may affect any of Participant’s rights or privileges hereunder.

10.Committee Authority

Any question concerning the interpretation of this Agreement or the Plan, any adjustments required to be made under the Plan, and any controversy that may arise under the

Plan or this Agreement shall be determined by the Committee in its sole and absolute discretion. Such decision by the Committee shall be final and binding.

11.Transfer Restrictions

(a) General Restrictions. Any sale, transfer, assignment, encumbrance, pledge, hypothecation, conveyance in trust, gift, transfer by bequest, devise or descent, or other transfer or disposition of any kind, whether voluntary or by operation of law, directly or indirectly, of (i) Unvested Units, (ii) Vested Units prior to the Settlement Date, or (iii) Shares subject to such Unvested Units or Vested Units, shall be strictly prohibited and void; provided, however, Participant may assign or transfer the Award to the extent permitted under the Plan, provided that the Award shall be subject to all the terms and condition of the Plan, this Agreement and any other terms required by the Committee as a condition to such transfer.

(b)Transfers by Covered Persons. If Participant is a “Covered Person” as defined in the ArcBest Corporation Stock Ownership Policy for Directors and Executives (the “Policy”) as amended from time to time, Participant agrees that he or she shall not sell or otherwise dispose or transfer any shares from this Award or any other Award except to the extent permitted by the Policy.

12.Suspension or Termination of Award

Pursuant to Section 16 of the Plan, if at any time prior to Participant’s receipt of Shares pursuant to the Award an Authorized Officer reasonably believes that Participant may have committed an Act of Misconduct (as defined below), the Authorized Officer, the Committee or the Board may suspend Participant’s rights to vest in any Restricted Stock Units, and/or to receive payment for or receive Shares in settlement of Vested Units pending a determination of whether an Act of Misconduct has been committed. In addition, pursuant to Section 16 of the Plan, if the Committee or an Authorized Officer determines Participant has committed an act of embezzlement, fraud, dishonesty, nonpayment of any obligation owed to the Company or any Subsidiary, breach of fiduciary duty, violation of Company ethics policy or code of conduct, deliberate disregard of Company or Subsidiary rules, or if Participant makes an unauthorized disclosure of any Company or Subsidiary trade secret or confidential information, solicits any employee or service provider to leave the employ or cease providing services to the Company or any Subsidiary, breaches any intellectual property or assignment of inventions covenant, engages in any conduct constituting unfair competition, breaches any non-competition agreement, induces any Company or Subsidiary customer to breach a contract with the Company or any Subsidiary or to cease doing business with the Company or any Subsidiary, or induces any principal for whom the Company or any Subsidiary acts as agent to terminate such agency relationship (any of the foregoing acts, an “Act of Misconduct”), then except as otherwise provided by the Committee, (i) neither Participant nor Participant’s estate nor transferee will be entitled to vest in or have the restrictions on Unvested Units lapse, or otherwise receive payment or Shares in respect of Vested Units and (ii) Participant will forfeit all undelivered (including deferred) Vested and Unvested Units. In making such determination, the Committee or an Authorized Officer shall give Participant an opportunity to appear and present evidence on his or her behalf at a hearing before the Committee or an opportunity to submit written comments, documents, information and arguments to be considered by the Committee. Any dispute by

Participant or other person as to the determination of the Committee must be resolved pursuant to Paragraph 14(j).

13.Adjustment of and Changes in the Stock

In the event that the number of Shares increases or decreases through a reorganization, reclassification, combination of shares, stock split, reverse stock split, spin-off, dividend (other than regular, quarterly cash dividends), or otherwise, the Committee shall equitably adjust the number of Shares subject to this Award to reflect such increase or decrease.

14.General Provisions

(a)Notices. Whenever any notice is required or permitted hereunder, such notice must be in writing and delivered in person or by mail (to the address set forth below if notice is being delivered to the Company) or electronically. Any notice delivered in person or by mail shall be deemed to be delivered on the date on which it is personally delivered, or, whether actually received or not, on the third business day after it is deposited in the United States mail, certified or registered, postage prepaid, addressed to the person who is to receive it at the address that such person has theretofore specified by written notice delivered in accordance herewith. Any notice given by the Company to Participant directed to Participant at Participant’s address on file with the Company shall be effective to bind Participant and any other person who shall have acquired rights under this Agreement. The Company or Participant may change, by written notice to the other, the address previously specified for receiving notices. Notices delivered to the Company in person or by mail shall be addressed as follows:

Company:	ArcBest Corporation
	Attn: Executive Benefits
	P.O. Box 10048
	Fort Smith, AR 72917-0048
	Fax: (479) 785-6470

(b)No Waiver. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement will be valid unless in writing and signed by the person against whom such waiver is sought to be enforced, nor will failure to enforce any right hereunder constitute a continuing waiver of the same or a waiver of any other right hereunder.

(c)Undertaking. Participant hereby agrees to take whatever additional action and execute whatever additional documents the Company may deem necessary or advisable in order to carry out or effect one or more of the obligations or restrictions imposed on either Participant or the Award pursuant to the express provisions of this Agreement.

(d)Entire Contract. This Agreement and the Plan constitute the entire contract between the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement is made pursuant to the provisions of the Plan and will in all respects be construed in conformity with the express terms and provisions of the Plan.

(e)Successors and Assigns. The provisions of this Agreement will inure to the benefit of, and be binding on, the Company and its successors and assigns and Participant and

Participant’s legal representatives, heirs, legatees, distributees, assigns and transferees by operation of law, whether or not any such person will have become a party to this Agreement and agreed in writing to join herein and be bound by the terms and conditions hereof.

(f)Securities Law Compliance. The Company may impose such restrictions, conditions or limitations as it determines appropriate as to the timing and manner of any resales by Participant or other subsequent transfers by Participant of any Shares issued as a result of or under this Award, including without limitation (i) restrictions under an insider trading policy, (ii) restrictions that may be necessary in the absence of an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering the Award and/or the Shares underlying the Award and (iii) restrictions as to the use of a specified brokerage firm or other agent for such resales or other transfers. Any sale of the Shares must also comply with other applicable laws and regulations governing the sale of such shares.

(g)Information Confidential. As partial consideration for the granting of the Award:

(i) Participant agrees that he or she will keep confidential all information and knowledge that Participant has relating to the manner and amount of his or her participation in the Plan; provided, however, that such information may be disclosed as required by law and may be given in confidence to Participant’s spouse, tax and financial advisors, or to a financial institution to the extent that such information is necessary to secure a loan.

(ii)Participant agrees that he or she will maintain the confidentiality of any Confidential Information to which he or she is entrusted by the Company, except when disclosure is authorized by the Company or required by laws or regulations. Confidential Information includes “trade secrets” as defined by applicable law and all other non-public information that might be of use to competitors, or harmful to the Company or its customers if disclosed. The obligation to preserve Confidential Information shall continue even after Participant’s service to the Company ends. Participant agrees that, in addition to all other legal and equitable remedies, the Company shall be entitled to seek injunctive relief in the event of a violation of this provision by the Participant.

(iii)Nothing in this Agreement will prevent Participant from: (A) making a good faith report of possible violations of applicable law to any governmental agency or entity or (B) making disclosures that are protected under the whistleblower provisions of applicable law. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall prevent Participant from making a disclosure that: (1) is made in confidence to a federal, state or local government official, either directly or indirectly, or to an attorney; and solely for the purpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (2) is made in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal. Further, an individual who files a lawsuit for retaliation by an employer of reporting a suspected violation of law may make disclosures without violating this Section 14(g) to the attorney of the individual and use such information in the court proceeding.

(h)Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to any awards granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Participant’s consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. Participant hereby consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and, if requested, to agree to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company, and such consent shall remain in effect throughout Participant’s term of service with the Company and thereafter until withdrawn in writing by Participant.

(i)Governing Law. Except as may otherwise be provided in the Plan, the provisions of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

(j)Arbitration of Disputes. Pursuant to Section 23 of the Plan, Participant hereby agrees as follows:

(i)If Participant or Participant’s transferee wishes to challenge any action of the Committee or the Plan Administrator, the person may do so only by submitting to binding arbitration with respect to such decision. The review by the arbitrator will be limited to determining whether Participant or Participant’s transferee has proven that the Committee’s decision was arbitrary or capricious. This arbitration will be the sole and exclusive review permitted of the Committee’s decision. Participant explicitly waives any right to judicial review.

(ii)Notice of demand for arbitration will be made in writing to the Committee within thirty (30) days after written notice to Participant of the applicable decision by the Committee. The arbitrator will be selected by mutual agreement of the Committee and Participant. If the Committee and Participant are unable to agree on an arbitrator, the arbitrator will be selected by the American Arbitration Association. The arbitrator, no matter how selected, must be neutral within the meaning of the Commercial Rules of Dispute Resolution of the American Arbitration Association. The arbitrator will administer and conduct the arbitration pursuant to the Commercial Rules of Dispute Resolution of the American Arbitration Association. Each side will bear its own fees and expenses, including its own attorney’s fees, and each side will bear one half of the arbitrator’s fees and expenses; provided, however, that the arbitrator will have the discretion to award the prevailing party its fees and expenses. The arbitrator will have no authority to award exemplary, punitive, special, indirect, consequential, or other extracontractual damages. The decision of the arbitrator on the issue(s) presented for arbitration will be final and conclusive and any court of competent jurisdiction may enforce it.

(k)Section 409A of the Code. This Award is intended to comply, to the extent applicable, with the election, distribution and any other requirements of Section 409A of the Code and, as such, shall be interpreted in a manner consistent therewith. Notwithstanding anything herein or in the Plan to the contrary, the Company may, in its sole discretion, amend this Award (which amendment shall be effective upon its adoption or at such other time designated by the Company) as may be necessary to avoid the imposition of the additional tax under Section 409A of the Code or otherwise comply with Section 409A and the regulations thereunder; provided, however, that any such amendment shall be implemented in such a manner

as to preserve, to the greatest extent possible, the terms and conditions of this Award as in existence immediately prior to any such amendment.

(l)Board Policies and Guidelines. Participant acknowledges that this Award is subject to certain policies and guidelines as may be from time to time enacted by the Board of Directors of the Company including guidelines for the Recoupment of Incentive Compensation adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company effective October 18, 2007.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.

ARCBEST CORPORATION
By:
	Judy R. McReynolds
	Chairman, President & CEO
PARTICIPANT:
[First Name/MI/Last Name]

Return Deferral Form by December 31, [ ]

Exhibit A

ARCBEST CORPORATION
RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT
INITIAL DEFERRAL ELECTION FORM FOR [ ] AWARDS

Effective as of ________________, the undersigned hereby irrevocably elects (the “Election”) to defer receipt of certain shares of common stock (the “Shares”) of ArcBest Corporation (the “Company”) related to the Restricted Stock Units (the “Award”) awarded under and pursuant to any Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement dated between January 1, [ ] and December 31, [ ] (the “Award Agreement”) and the ArcBest Corporation Ownership Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “Plan”). This deferral shall be made in accordance with the terms and provisions outlined in this Election in the manner and amount set forth below. In making this Election, you may elect to defer the settlement of all or a portion of your Award. Your deferral must be expressed as a percentage of the Restricted Stock Units subject to the Award. In executing this Election form you acknowledge that, in order to be effective, either (i) if on the Grant Date set forth in your Award Agreement or within 12 months following such Grant Date you become wholly or partially vested in your Award by virtue of satisfying the requirements (as defined in the Award Agreement) for either Normal Retirement or Early Retirement (other than actual separation from service), the Election must be returned no later than December 31 of the year preceding the year in which the Grant Date set forth in your Award Agreement occurs, or (ii) if the preceding clause (i) does not apply to you, (A) the Election must be returned no later than 30 days following the Grant Date set forth in your Award Agreement, and (B) the portion of your Award subject to this Election must not become vested until more than 12 months following the date of this Election (or, if later, 12 months following the Grant Date).

In general, all deferrals pursuant to this election will be paid out in Shares. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Award Agreement and the Plan, all of the Shares you are entitled to receive on the Settlement Date specified in this Election will be transferred to you on the applicable Settlement Date.

Amount of the Deferral

oI hereby irrevocably elect to defer settlement of _____% of the Shares subject to the Award.

Note: A fixeddeferral date must bea date after the third anniversary of the Grant Date which is expected to be 5 days following the Quarter 1 [ ] earningsrelease.

Duration of the Deferral

Settlement of that portion of the Award specified above shall be deferred until [complete by checking the appropriate box below and, if applicable, filling in the distribution date. Check only one box]:

o_____________, 20_____ [Note: this date must be after the third anniversary of the [ ] Grant Date]; or

othe termination of my service as a member of the Board; or

othe earlier of _____________, 20_____ [Note: this date must be after the third anniversary of the [ Grant Date] or the termination of my service as a member of the Board; or

othe later of _____________, 20_____ [Note: this date must be after the third anniversary of the - Grant Date] or the termination of my service as a member of the Board.

Terms and Conditions

By signing this form, you acknowledge your understanding and acceptance of the following:

1.Submission of Election to the Company. You understand that (i) if on the Grant Date set forth in your Award Agreement or within 12 months following such Grant Date you satisfy or will satisfy the vesting requirements for either Normal Retirement or Early Retirement (each as defined in the Award Agreement), the Election must be submitted to the Company no later than December 31 of the year preceding the year in which the Award was granted or (ii) if the preceding clause (i) does not apply to you, the Election must be submitted to the Company no later than 30 days following the date the Award was granted.

2.Status of Participant. You will have no rights as a stockholder (including, without limitation, any voting rights with respect to the Units subject to this Election) with respect to the Units subject to this Election, unless and until Shares with respect to such Units are issued to you hereunder.

3.Payment Acceleration. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, any Shares subject to this Election shall be immediately distributed to you or your estate, as applicable, upon your death or Disability (as defined in the Award Agreement) or upon a “change in the ownership or effective control” of the Company or in the “ownership of a substantial portion of the assets” of the Company within the meanings ascribed to such terms in Treasury Department regulations or other guidance issued under Section 409A of the Code.

4.Administration. This Election is administered and interpreted by the Committee (as such term is defined in the Plan). The Committee has full and exclusive discretion to interpret and administer this Election. All actions, interpretations and decisions of the Committee are conclusive and binding on all persons, and will be given the maximum possible deference allowed by law.

5.Arbitration of Disputes. All disputes under this Election form shall be subject to arbitration pursuant to Paragraph 14(j) of the Award Agreement and Section 23 of the Plan.

Submitted by: ​ ​ [Participant] Accepted by: ARCBEST CORPORATION By:​ ​​ ​ Name: Title:

EX-10.5

Exhibit 10.5

ARCBEST CORPORATION

RESTRICTED STOCK UNIT AWARD AGREEMENT

(Employees)

Participant:	First Name MI Last Name
Grant Date:	[ ]
Award Number:	[ ]
Restricted Stock Units Awarded:	[ ]

ThisRestrictedStockUnitAwardAgreement(this“Agreement”)isdatedasofthis [    ] day of [      ] [      ] (the “Grant Date”), and is between ArcBest Corporation (the “Company”) and [First Name/MI//Last Name] (“Participant”).

WHEREAS, the Company, by action of the Board and approval of its shareholders established the ArcBest Corporation Ownership Incentive Plan (the “Plan”);

WHEREAS, Participant is employed by the Company or a Subsidiary and the Company desirestoencourageParticipanttoownCommonStockforthepurposesstatedinSection1ofthe Plan;

WHEREAS, Participant and the Company have entered into this Agreement to governthe terms of the Restricted Stock Unit Award (as defined below) granted to Participant by the Company.

NOW,THEREFORE,inconsiderationoftheforegoing,thepartiesheretoagreeasfollows:

1. Definitions

Defined terms in the Plan shall have the same meaning in this Agreement, except where the context otherwise requires.

2. Grant of Restricted Stock Units

On the Grant Date, the Company hereby grants to Participant an Award of [          ] Restricted Stock Units (the “Award”) in accordance with Section 9 of the Plan and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and the Plan (as amended from time totime). Each Restricted Stock Unit subject to the Award represents the right to receive one Share (as adjusted from time to time pursuant to Paragraph 13 hereof and/or Section 13 of the Plan) upon the terms and subject to the conditions (including the vesting conditions) set forth in this Agreement and the Plan. By accepting the Award, Participant irrevocably agrees on behalf of Participant and Participant’s successors and permitted assigns to all of the terms and conditions of the Award as set forth in or pursuant to this Agreement and the Plan (as such Plan may be amended from time

Exhibit 10.5

to time).

In addition, Participant consents to receive documents from the Company and any plan administrator by means of electronic delivery, provided that such delivery complies with applicable law, including, without limitation, documents pursuant or relating to any equity award granted to you under the Plan or any other current or future equity or other benefit plan of the Company (the “Company’s Equity Plans”).  This consent shall be effective for the entire time that you are a participant in a Company Equity Plan.

3. Vesting; Payment

(a)The Award shall not be vested as of the Grant Date and shall be forfeitable unless anduntilotherwisevestedpursuanttothetermsofthisAgreement.AftertheGrantDate,provided that Participant remains continuously employed by the Company through the third anniversary of the Grant Date (the “Normal Vesting Date”), the Award shall become vested with respect to 100%oftheRestrictedStockUnitsonsuchNormalVestingDate.Inaddition,priortotheNormal VestingDate:

(i)theAwardshallbecomevestedwithrespectto100%oftheRestrictedStock Units on the date Participant first satisfies the requirements for Normal Retirement, as defined below, whether or not his actual retirement or separation from service has occurred on that date, and

(ii)on the first date on or after the first anniversary of the Grant Date onwhich ParticipantsatisfiestherequirementsforEarlyRetirement,asdefinedbelow,whetherornotactual retirement or separation from service has occurred on that date, the Award shall become vested with respect to the number of the Restricted Stock Units subject to the Award multiplied by a fraction, (A) the numerator of which is equal to the number of full months between such date and the Grant Date, and (B) the denominator of which is 36, and the Award shall continue to vest on the fifteenth day of each subsequent month with respect to an additional one- thirty-sixth of the numberoftheRestrictedStockUnitssubjecttotheAwarduntilthefirstdayofthemonthinwhich the Normal Vesting Date occurs. In the month that the Normal Vesting Date occurs, all Units not previouslyvestedshallbecomevestedonthedateofthemonththatcorrespondstotheGrantDate.

ForpurposesofthisAgreement,theterm“Normal Retirement”shallmeanParticipant’sretirement from active employment by or service with the Company or any Subsidiary on or after age65.

For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Early Retirement” shall mean Participant’s retirement from active employment by or service with the Company or any Subsidiary on or after age 55 or greater, so long as Participant has, as of the date of such retirement, at least 10 years of service with the Company or any Subsidiary.

RestrictedStockUnitsthathavevestedandarenolongersubjecttoasubstantialriskofforfeiture

Exhibit 10.5

are referred to herein as “Vested Units.” Restricted Stock Units that are not vested and generally remain subject to forfeiture are referred to herein as “Unvested Units.”

(b)ThevestingperiodoftheAwardsetforthinParagraph3(a)maybeadjustedbythe CompensationCommittee(“Committee”)toreflectthedecreasedlevelofemploymentduringany period in which Participant is on an approved leave of absence or is employed on a less than full timebasis.NotwithstandinganythingtothecontraryinthisParagraph3,theAwardshallbesubject to earlier acceleration of vesting and/or forfeiture and transfer as provided in this Agreement and the Plan. In no event may any adjustment under this paragraph delay the Settlement Date for any Award beyond the Normal Vesting Date or Separation of Service ifearlier.

(c)SubjecttoParagraph3(d)below,ontheNormalVestingDate,or,ifearlier,thedate Participant’s employment with the Company terminates on or after he satisfied the requirements foracceleratedvestingbyvirtueofqualifyingforNormalRetirementorEarlyRetirement, other than any termination for Cause (as defined below), Participant shall be entitled to receive one Share (subject to adjustment under Paragraph 13 hereof and/or Section 13 of the Plan) for each Vested Unit in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement and the Plan. The Company will transfer such Shares to Participant or Participant’s designee subject to (i) Participant’s satisfaction of any required tax withholding obligations as set forth in Paragraph 6 and (ii) the restrictions, if any, imposed by the Company pursuant to Paragraph 14(f) or otherwise pursuant to the terms and conditions of the Plan and this Agreement.

(d)The date upon which Shares are to be issued under Paragraph 3(c) is referred to as the “Settlement Date.” The issuance of the Shares hereunder may be effected by the issuance of a stock certificate, recording shares on the stock records of the Company or by crediting shares in anaccountestablishedontheParticipant’sbehalfwithabrokeragefirmorothercustodian,ineach case as determined by the Company. Fractional shares will not be issued pursuant to theAward.

Notwithstanding the above, prior to a Change in Control (i) for administrative or other reasons,theCompanymayfromtimetotimetemporarilysuspendtheissuanceofSharesinrespect of earned Vested Units, (ii) the Company shall not be obligated to deliver any Shares during any period when the Company determines that the delivery of Shares hereunder would violate any federal,stateorotherapplicablelaws,and(iii)thedateonwhichsharesareissuedhereundermay includeadelayinordertoprovidetheCompanysuchtimeasitdeterminesappropriatetoaddress taxwithholdingandotheradministrativematters.Anydelaypursuantto3(d)(ii)shallonlybeuntil such time that the Company determines that the delivery of shares would no longer violate any federal, state or other applicable law. Notwithstanding the delay for administrative or other reasons provided for in clauses (i) and (iii) above, in no event will such issuance of shares be delayedbeyondthelateroftheendofthecalendaryearorthe15thdayofthethirdmonthafterthe month in which the Settlement Date occurs, or such other time as permitted under Section 409A of the Code and the regulations thereunder without the imposition of any additional taxes under Section 409A of theCode.

Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan or this Agreement, the Plan and this Agreement shall be construed or deemed to be amended as necessary to comply with the

Exhibit 10.5

requirementsofSection409AoftheCodetoavoidtheimpositionofanyadditionaloraccelerated taxes or other penalties under Section 409A of the Code. The Committee, in its sole discretion, shall determine the requirements of Section 409A of the Code applicable to the Plan, and this Agreement and shall interpret the terms of the Plan and this Agreement consistently therewith. Under no circumstances, however, shall the Company have any liability under the Plan or this Agreementforanytaxes,penaltiesorinterestdueonamountspaidorpayablepursuanttothePlan or this Agreement, including any taxes, penalties or interest imposed under Section 409A of the Code.

4. Status of Participant

Participant shall have no rights as a stockholder (including, without limitation, any voting rights with respect to the Shares subject to the Award and, except to the extent the Award is adjusted pursuant to Paragraph 13 hereof and/or Section 13 of the Plan, the right to receive any paymentswithrespecttodividendsorotherdistributionspaidwithrespecttotheSharessubjectto thisAward)withrespecttoeithertheRestrictedStockUnitsgrantedhereunderortheShares underlyingtheRestrictedStockUnits,unlessanduntilsuchSharesareissuedinrespectofVested Units, and then only to the extent of such issuedShares.

5. Effect of Termination of Employment; Change in Control

(a)General. Except as provided in Paragraphs 5(c) or (d), upon a termination of Participant’semploymentwiththeCompanyoranySubsidiaryforanyreason,theUnvestedUnits shall be forfeited by Participant and cancelled and surrendered to the Company without payment of any consideration toParticipant.

(b)Cause. Upon a termination of Participant’s employment with the Company orany SubsidiaryforCause(asdefinedbelow),allVestedUnitsandUnvestedUnitsshallbeforfeitedby Participant and cancelled and surrendered to the Company without payment of any consideration toParticipant.

(c)Death; Disability. Upon a termination of Participant’s employment with the CompanyoranySubsidiarybyreasonofParticipant’sdeathorDisabilityallUnvestedUnitsshall vestasofthedateofsuchterminationofserviceandbeissuedassoonasadministrativelypossible. For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “Disability” shall mean a condition under which Participant either (i) is unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or canbeexpectedtolastforacontinuousperiodofnotlessthantwelvemonths,or(ii)is,byreason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than twelve months, receiving incomereplacementbenefitsforaperiodofnotlessthanthreemonthsunderanaccidentandhealth plan covering employees of theCompany.

(d)Change in Control. Upon a termination of Participant’s employment with the

Exhibit 10.5

Company or any Subsidiary by the Company or any Subsidiary without Cause (as definedbelow) or by Participant for Good Reason (as defined below), in either case, within the 24-month period immediately following a Change in Control, all Unvested Units shall vest as of the date of such termination of employment and be issued as soon as administratively possible. For purposes of this Agreement, the term “Cause” shall mean (i) Participant’s gross misconduct or fraud in the performanceofParticipant’sdutiestotheCompanyoranySubsidiary;(ii)Participant’sconviction or guilty plea or plea of nolo contendere with respect to any felony or act of moral turpitude; (iii) Participant’s engaging in any material act of theft or material misappropriation of Company property or (iv) Participant’s breach of the Company’s Code of Conduct as such code may be revisedfromtimetotime.ForpurposesofthisAgreement,theterm“Good Reason”shallmean (i) any material and adverse diminution in Participant’s title, duties, or responsibilities; (ii) a reduction in Participant’s base salary or employee benefits (including reducing Participant’s level of participation or target bonus award opportunity in the Company’s incentive compensation plans) or (iii) a relocation of Participant’s principal place of employment of more than 50 miles without the prior consent of Participant.

(e)Specified Employees.NotwithstandinganythinginthisAgreementtothecontrary, withrespecttoanyamountsthattheCompanydeterminestobedeferredcompensationwithinthe meaningofSection409AoftheCode,iftheCompanydeterminesthatasoftheSettlementDate

Participant is a “specified employee” (as such term is defined under Section 409A of the Code), any such Shares to be issued to Participant on a Settlement Date that occurs by reason of Participant’sterminationofemploymentwiththeCompanyotherbyreasonofParticipant’sdeath or Disability will not be issued to Participant until the date that is six months following the Settlement Date (or such earlier time permitted under Section 409A of the Code without the imposition of any accelerated or additional taxes under Section 409A of theCode).

6. Withholding and Disposition of Shares

(a)Generally. Participant is liable and responsible for all taxes owed in connection with the Award, regardless of any action the Company takes with respect to any tax withholding obligations that arise in connection with the Award. The Company does not make any representation or undertaking regarding the treatment of any tax withholding in connection with thegrantorvestingoftheAwardorthesubsequentsaleofSharesissuablepursuanttotheAward. The Company does not commit and is under no obligation to structure the Award to reduce or eliminate Participant’s taxliability.

(b)Payment of Withholding Taxes. Prior to any event in connection with the Award that the Company determines may result in any domestic or foreign minimum statutory tax withholding obligation (i.e. federal, state, OASDI and HI and/or local) (the “Tax Withholding Obligation”), Participant is required to arrange for the satisfaction of the amount of such Tax Withholding Obligation in a manner acceptable to the Company. Participant and the Company agreethattaxwithholdingrequiredasaresultofperiodicvestingwillbehandledattheCompany’s option by payroll deduction or such other means as the Company may establish orpermit.

Exhibit 10.5

(i)By Withholding Shares. Unless Participant elects to satisfy the Tax WithholdingObligationbyanalternativemeansinaccordancewithParagraph6(b)(ii),thatoccurs attheSettlementDate,Participant’sacceptanceofthisAwardconstitutesParticipant’sinstruction and authorization to the Company to withhold on Participant’s behalf the number of Shares from those Shares issuable to Participant as a result of the occurrence of a Settlement Date as the Company determines to be sufficient to satisfy the Tax WithholdingObligation.

(ii)By Other Payment. At any time not less than five (5) business days before any Tax Withholding Obligation arising as a result of the Settlement Date, Participant may notify the Company of Participant’s election to pay Participant’s Tax Withholding Obligation by wire transfer,cashier’scheckorothermeanspermittedbytheCompany.Insuchcase,Participantshall satisfy his or her tax withholding obligation by paying to the Company on such date as it shall specify an amount that the Company determines is sufficient to satisfy the expected Tax WithholdingObligationby(i)wiretransfertosuchaccountastheCompanymaydirect, (ii) delivery of a cashier’s check payable to the Company, Attn: Executive Benefits, at the address set forth in Paragraph 14(a), or such other address as the Company may from time to time direct, or (iii) such other means as the Company may establish or permit. Participant agrees and acknowledges that prior to the date the Tax Withholding Obligation arises, the Company will be required to estimate the amount of the Tax Withholding Obligation and accordingly may require the amount paid to the Company under this Paragraph 6(b)(ii) to be more than the minimum amount that may actually be due and that, if Participant has not delivered payment of a sufficient amount to the Company to satisfy the Tax Withholding Obligation (regardless of whether as a result of the Company underestimating the required payment or Participant failing to timely make the required payment), the additional Tax Withholding Obligation amounts shall be satisfied in the manner specified in Paragraph 6(b)(i).

7. Excess Parachute Payments

Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if any of the payments in respect of this Award, together with any other payments to which Participant has the right to receive from the Company or any purchaser, successor, or assign, would constitute an “excess parachutepayment”(asdefinedinCodeSection280G),abest-of-netcalculationwillbeperformed to determine whether change in control benefits due to the Participant should be reduced (so no excisetaxwillbeimposedunder280G)orshouldbepaidinfull(withanyexcisetaxtobepaidin fullbytheParticipant,withanysuchreductionfirstappliedtopaymentspursuanttoanyDeferred Salary Agreement to which Participant is a party, then to payments pursuant to the 2012 Change in Control Plan, if applicable, and then to Awards of Restricted Stock Units under thePlan.

8. Plan Controls

ThetermsofthisAgreementaregovernedbythetermsofthePlan,asitexistsontheGrant Date and as the Plan is amended from time to time. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of this Agreement and the provisions of the Plan, the terms of the Plan shall control, except as expressly stated otherwise in this Agreement. The term “Section” generally refers to provisions within the Plan; provided, however, the term “Paragraph” shall refer to a provision of thisAgreement.

Exhibit 10.5

9. Limitation on Rights; No Right to Future Grants; Extraordinary Item

By entering into this Agreement and accepting the Award, Participant acknowledges that:

(a) Participant’s participation in the Plan is voluntary; (b) the value of the Award is an extraordinaryitemwhichisoutsidethescopeofanyemploymentcontractwithParticipant;(c)the Award is not part of normal or expected compensation for any purpose, including without limitation for calculating any benefits, severance, resignation, termination, redundancy, end of service payments, bonuses, long-service awards, pension or retirement benefits or similar payments, and Participant will not be entitled to compensation or damages as a consequence of Participant’s forfeiture as provided for in the Plan or this Agreement of any unvested portion of theAwardforanyreason;and(d)intheeventthatParticipantisnotadirectemployeeofCompany, the grant of the Award will not be interpreted to form an employment relationship with the Company or any Subsidiary and the grant of the Award will not be interpreted to form an employmentcontractwithParticipant’semployer,theCompanyoranySubsidiary.TheCompany shall be under no obligation whatsoever to advise Participant of the existence, maturity or termination of any of Participant’s rights hereunder and Participant shall be responsible for familiarizinghimselforherselfwithallmatterscontainedhereinandinthePlanwhichmayaffect any of Participant’s rights or privilegeshereunder.

10. Committee Authority

AnyquestionconcerningtheinterpretationofthisAgreementorthePlan,anyadjustments requiredtobemadeunderthePlan,andanycontroversythatmayariseunderthePlanorthis

AgreementshallbedeterminedbytheCommitteeinitssoleandabsolutediscretion.Suchdecision by the Committee shall be final andbinding.

11. Transfer Restrictions

(a)General Restrictions. Any sale, transfer, assignment, encumbrance, pledge, hypothecation,conveyanceintrust,gift,transferbybequest,deviseordescent,orothertransferor disposition of any kind, whether voluntary or by operation of law, directly or indirectly, of (i) Unvested Units, (ii) Vested Units prior to the Settlement Date, or (iii) Shares subject to such Unvested Units or Vested Units shall be strictly prohibited and void; provided, however, Participant may assign or transfer the Award to the extent permitted under the Plan, provided that the Award shall be subject to all the terms and conditions of the Plan, this Agreement and any other terms required by the Committee as a condition to suchtransfer.

(b)Transfers by Covered Persons. If Participant is a “Covered Person” as defined in the ArcBest Corporation Stock Ownership Policy for Directors and Executives (the “Policy”) as amended from time to time, Participant agrees that he or she shall not sell or otherwise dispose or transfer any shares from this Award or any other Award except to the extent permitted by the Policy.

Exhibit 10.5

12. Recoupment, Suspension or Termination of Award

PursuanttoSection15ofthePlan,ifatanytimepriortoParticipant’sreceiptofShares pursuant to the Award an Authorized Officer reasonably believes that Participant may have committedanActofMisconduct(asdefinedbelow),theAuthorizedOfficer,theCommitteeorthe Board may suspend Participant’s rights to vest in any Restricted Stock Units, and/or to receive payment for or receive Shares in settlement of Vested Units pending a determination of whether anActofMisconducthasbeencommitted.Further,in such event, exceptasotherwiseprovidedbytheCommittee,(i) neither Participant nor Participant’s estate nor transferee will be entitled to vest in or have the restrictions on Unvested Units lapse, or otherwise receive payment or Shares in respect of Vested Units and (ii) Participant will forfeit all undelivered Vested and Unvested Units. In making such determination, the Committee or an Authorized Officer shall give Participant an opportunity to appear and present evidence on his or her behalf at a hearing before the Committee or an opportunitytosubmitwrittencomments,documents,informationandargumentstobeconsidered by the Committee. Any dispute by Participant or other person as to the determination of the Committee must be resolved pursuant to Paragraph 14(j).

Further, except as otherwise provided by applicable law and in accordance with the ArcBest Recoupment of Incentive Compensation Policy adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company, Participant agrees that the Company may reduce or offset any payment due to Participant from the Company under this Agreement to recoup the repayment obligation set forth inthisSection12,andbyacceptingthegrantofthisAward,Participantconsentstosuchreduction oroffset.SuchreductionoroffsetwillbeapplicabletoanyAwardgranted,awarded,vested,made or earned during the three full fiscal years immediately prior to the fiscal year in which the Participant is found to have committed an Act ofMisconduct.

For purposes of this Agreement, an “Act of Misconduct” means the Participant (i) has committedanactof(a)grossmisconductorfraudintheperformanceofParticipant’sdutiestothe Company or any Subsidiary, (b) embezzlement, fraud, or dishonesty, (c) material theft or misappropriation of Company or Subsidiary property, (d) nonpayment of any obligation owed to the Company or any Subsidiary, (e) breach of fiduciary duty, (f) violation of Company ethics policy or code of conduct, or (g) deliberate disregard of Company or Subsidiary rules; (ii) is convicted of or enters a guilty plea or plea of nolo contendere with regard to any felony or act of moralturpitude;(iii)makesanunauthorizeddisclosureofanyCompanyorSubsidiarytradesecret or confidential information; (iv) solicits any employee or service provider to leave the employ or ceaseprovidingservicestotheCompanyoranySubsidiary;(v)breachesanyintellectualproperty orassignmentofinventionscovenant;(vi)engagesinanyconductconstitutingunfaircompetition orbreachesanynoncompetitionagreement;(vii)inducesanyCompanyorSubsidiarycustomerto breach a contract with the Company or any Subsidiary or to cease doing business with the Company or any Subsidiary; or (viii) induces any principal for whom the Company or any Subsidiary acts as agent to terminate such agencyrelationship.

13. Adjustment of and Changes in the Stock

In the event that the number of Shares increases or decreases through a reorganization, reclassification, combination of shares, stock split, reverse stock split, spin-off, dividend (other than regular, quarterly cash dividends), or otherwise, the Committee shall equitably adjust the

Exhibit 10.5

number of Shares subject to this Award to reflect such increase or decrease.

14. General Provisions

(a)Notices.Wheneveranynoticeisrequiredorpermittedhereunder,suchnoticemust be in writing and delivered in person or by mail (to the address set forth below if notice is being delivered to the Company) or electronically. Any notice delivered in person or by mail shall be deemed to be delivered on the date on which it is personally delivered, or, whether actually received or not, on the third business day after it is deposited in the United States mail, certified orregistered,postageprepaid,addressedtothepersonwhoistoreceiveitattheaddressthatsuch person has theretofore specified by written notice delivered in accordance herewith. Any notice given by the Company to Participant directed to Participant at Participant’s address on file with the Company shall be effective to bind Participant and any other person who shall have acquired rightsunder this Agreement. The Company or Participant may change, by written notice to the other, the address previously specified for receiving notices. Notices delivered to the Companyin person or by mail shall be addressed asfollows:

85-
Company:	ArcBest Corporation
	Attn: Manager, Compensation and Executive Benefits
	P.O. Box 10048
	Fort Smith, AR 72917-0048
	Fax: (479) 785-6470

(b)No Waiver. No waiver of any provision of this Agreement will be valid unless in writing and signed by the person against whom such waiver is sought to be enforced, nor will failure to enforce any right hereunder constitute a continuing waiver of the same or a waiver of any other righthereunder.

(c)Undertaking. Participant hereby agrees to take whatever additional action and execute whatever additional documents the Company may deem necessary or advisable in order to carry out or effect one or more of the obligations or restrictions imposed on either Participant or the Award pursuant to the express provisions of thisAgreement.

(d)Entire Contract.ThisAgreementandthePlanconstitutetheentirecontractbetween the parties hereto with regard to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement is made pursuant to theprovisionsofthePlanandwillinallrespectsbeconstruedinconformitywiththeexpressterms and provisions of thePlan.

(e)Successors and Assigns.TheprovisionsofthisAgreementwillinuretothebenefit of,andbebindingon,theCompanyanditssuccessorsandassignsandParticipantandParticipant’s legal representatives, heirs, legatees, distributees, assigns and transferees by operation of law, whether or not any such person will have become a party to this Agreement and agreed inwriting to join herein and be bound by the terms and conditionshereof.

(f)Securities Law Compliance. The Company may impose such restrictions, conditions or limitations as it determines appropriate as to the timing and manner of any resales by Participant or other subsequent transfers by Participant of any Shares issued as a result of or

Exhibit 10.5

underthisAward,includingwithoutlimitation(i)restrictionsunderaninsidertradingpolicy, (ii) restrictions that may be necessary in the absence of an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, covering the Award and/or the Shares underlying the Award and (iii) restrictions as to the use of a specified brokerage firm or other agent for such resalesorothertransfers.AnysaleoftheSharesmustalsocomplywithotherapplicablelawsand regulations governing the sale of suchshares.

(g)Information Confidential. As partial consideration for the granting of the Award, Participant agrees that he or she will keep confidential all information and knowledge that ParticipanthasrelatingtothemannerandamountofhisorherparticipationinthePlan;provided, however, that such information may be disclosed as required by law and may be given in confidence to Participant’s spouse, tax and financial advisors, or to a financial institution to the extentthatsuchinformationisnecessarytosecurealoan.NothinginthisAgreementwillprevent Participantfrom:(A)makingagoodfaithreportofpossibleviolationsofapplicablelawtoany governmental agency or entity or (B) making disclosures that are protected under the whistleblower provisions of applicable law. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing herein shall prevent Participant from making a disclosure that: (1) is made in confidence to a federal, state or localgovernmentofficial,eitherdirectlyorindirectly,ortoanattorney;andsolelyforthepurpose of reporting or investigating a suspected violation of law; or (2) is made in a complaint or other document filed in a lawsuit or other proceeding, if such filing is made under seal. Further, an individual who files a lawsuit for retaliation by an employer of reporting a suspected violation of lawmaymakedisclosureswithoutviolatingthisSection14(g)totheattorneyoftheindividualand use such information in the courtproceeding.

(h)Electronic Delivery. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to any awards granted under the Plan by electronic means or to request Participant’sconsenttoparticipateinthePlanbyelectronicmeans.Participantherebyconsentsto receivesuchdocumentsbyelectronicdeliveryand,ifrequested,toagreetoparticipateinthePlan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company, and such consent shall remain in effect throughout Participant’s term of employment or service with the Company and thereafter until withdrawn in writing byParticipant.

(i)Governing Law. Except as may otherwise be provided in the Plan, the provisions ofthisAgreementshallbegovernedbythelawsoftheStateofDelaware,withoutgivingeffectto principles of conflicts oflaw.

(j)Arbitration of Disputes. Pursuant to Section22of the Plan, Participant hereby agrees asfollows:

(i)If Participant or Participant’s transferee wishes to challenge any action of the Committee or the Plan Administrator, the person may do so only by submitting to binding arbitration with respect to such decision. The review by the arbitrator will be limited to determining whether Participant or Participant’s transferee has proven that the Committee’s decision was arbitrary or capricious. This arbitration will be the sole and exclusive review permitted of the Committee’s decision. Participant explicitly waives any right to judicialreview.

Exhibit 10.5

(ii)Notice of demand for arbitration will be made in writing to the Committee within thirty (30) days after written notice to Participant of the applicable decision by the Committee.ThearbitratorwillbeselectedbymutualagreementoftheCommitteeandParticipant. IftheCommitteeandParticipantareunabletoagreeonanarbitrator,thearbitratorwillbeselected by the American Arbitration Association. The arbitrator, no matter how selected, must beneutral within the meaning of the Commercial Rules of Dispute Resolution of the American Arbitration Association.ThearbitratorwilladministerandconductthearbitrationpursuanttotheCommercial Rules of Dispute Resolution of the American Arbitration Association. Each side will bear itsown fees and expenses, including its own attorney’s fees, and each side will bear one half of the arbitrator’s fees and expenses; provided, however, that the arbitrator will have the discretion to award the prevailing party its fees and expenses. The arbitrator will have no authority to award exemplary, punitive, special, indirect, consequential, or other extra contractual damages. The decision of the arbitrator on the issue(s) presented for arbitration will be final and conclusive and any court of competent jurisdiction may enforceit.

(k)Section 409A of the Code. This Award is intended to comply, to the extent applicable,withthedistributionandotherrequirementsofSection409AoftheCodeand,assuch, shall be interpreted in a manner consistent therewith. Notwithstanding anything herein or in the Plan to the contrary, the Company may, in its sole discretion, amend this Award (which amendmentshallbeeffectiveuponitsadoptionoratsuchothertimedesignatedbytheCompany) asmaybenecessarytoavoidtheimpositionoftheadditionaltaxunderSection409AoftheCode or otherwise comply with Section 409A and the regulations thereunder; provided, however, that any such amendment shall be implemented in such a manner as to preserve, to the greatest extent possible, the terms and conditions of this Award as in existence immediately prior to any such amendment.

(l)Board Policies and Guidelines.ParticipantacknowledgesthatthisAwardissubject to certain policies and guidelines as may be from time to time enacted by the Board of Directors of the Company including the ArcBest Recoupment of Incentive Compensation Policy adopted by the Board of Directors of the Company.

Exhibit 10.5

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.

ARCBEST CORPORATION
By:
	Judy R. McReynolds
	Chairman, President and CEO
PARTICIPANT:
[First Name/MI/Last Name]

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, Judy R. McReynolds, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of ArcBest Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:      May 7, 2021	/s/ Judy R. McReynolds
	Judy R. McReynolds
	Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer and Principal Executive Officer

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

Certification Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

I, David R. Cobb, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of ArcBest Corporation;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:     May 7, 2021	/s/ David R. Cobb
	David R. Cobb
	Vice President — Chief Financial Officer
	and Principal Financial Officer

EX-32

EXHIBIT 32

Certification Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the filing of the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2021 (the “Report”) by ArcBest Corporation (the “Registrant”), each of the undersigned hereby certifies that:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Registrant.

	ARCBEST CORPORATION
	(Registrant)
Date: May 7, 2021	/s/ Judy R. McReynolds
	Judy R. McReynolds
	Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
	and Principal Executive Officer
	ARCBEST CORPORATION
	(Registrant)
Date: May 7, 2021	/s/ David R. Cobb
	David R. Cobb
	Vice President — Chief Financial Officer
	and Principal Financial Officer

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Apr. 30, 2021
Document and Entity Information
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2021
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	000-19969
Entity Registrant Name	ARCBEST CORPORATION
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	71-0673405
Entity Address, Address Line One	8401 McClure Drive
Entity Address, City or Town	Fort Smith
Entity Address, State or Province	AR
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	72916
City Area Code	479
Local Phone Number	785-6000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock
Trading Symbol	ARCB
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		25,385,513
Entity Central Index Key	0000894405
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2021
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 301,542	$ 303,954
Short-term investments	59,316	65,408
Accounts receivable, less allowances (2021 - $7,736; 2020 - $7,851)	344,242	320,870
Other accounts receivable, less allowances (2021 - $662; 2020 - $660)	13,766	14,343
Prepaid expenses	40,356	37,774
Prepaid and refundable income taxes	4,604	11,397
Other	4,893	4,422
TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS	768,719	758,168
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Land and structures	344,282	342,178
Revenue equipment	914,140	916,760
Service, office, and other equipment	235,727	233,810
Software	169,004	163,193
Leasehold improvements	15,534	15,156
TOTAL PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, Gross	1,678,687	1,671,097
Less allowances for depreciation and amortization	1,015,989	992,407
PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, net	662,698	678,690
GOODWILL	88,320	88,320
INTANGIBLE ASSETS, net	54,028	54,981
OPERATING RIGHT-OF-USE ASSETS	111,412	115,195
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES	6,289	6,158
OTHER LONG-TERM ASSETS	76,549	77,496
TOTAL ASSETS	1,768,015	1,779,008
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable	177,885	170,898
Income taxes payable		316
Accrued expenses	235,161	246,746
Current portion of long-term debt	66,064	67,105
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	21,632	21,482
TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES	500,742	506,547
LONG-TERM DEBT, less current portion	200,773	217,119
OPERATING LEASE LIABILITIES, less current portion	94,473	97,839
POSTRETIREMENT LIABILITIES, less current portion	18,518	18,555
OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES	33,992	37,948
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES	67,608	72,407
STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common stock, $0.01 par value, authorized 70,000,000 shares; issued 2021: 29,057,374 shares, 2020: 29,045,309 shares	291	290
Additional paid-in capital	344,542	342,354
Retained earnings	617,256	595,932
Treasury stock, at cost, 2021: 3,671,861 shares; 2020: 3,656,938 shares	(112,174)	(111,173)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	1,994	1,190
TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	851,909	828,593
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY	$ 1,768,015	$ 1,779,008

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
Accounts receivable, allowances (in dollars)	$ 7,736	$ 7,851
Other accounts receivable, allowances (in dollars)	$ 662	$ 660
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, authorized shares	70,000,000	70,000,000
Common stock, issued shares	29,057,374	29,045,309
Treasury stock, at cost, shares	3,671,861	3,656,938

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
REVENUES	$ 829,213	$ 701,399
OPERATING EXPENSES	797,022	693,580
OPERATING INCOME	32,191	7,819
OTHER INCOME (COSTS)
Interest and dividend income	392	1,375
Interest and other related financing costs	(2,428)	(2,947)
Other, net	1,192	(3,862)
TOTAL OTHER INCOME (COSTS)	(844)	(5,434)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	31,347	2,385
INCOME TAX PROVISION	7,986	483
NET INCOME	$ 23,361	$ 1,902
EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE
Basic	$ 0.92	$ 0.07
Diluted	$ 0.87	$ 0.07
AVERAGE COMMON SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic	25,454,921	25,390,377
Diluted	26,930,402	26,246,800
CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE	$ 0.08	$ 0.08

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
NET INCOME	$ 23,361	$ 1,902
Postretirement benefit plans:
Net actuarial loss, net of tax of: (2021 - $-; 2020 - $3)		(8)
Pension settlement expense, net of tax of: (2021 - $-; 2020 - $23)		66
Amortization of unrecognized net periodic benefit credit, net of tax of: (2021 - $35; 2020 - $37)
Net actuarial gain	(100)	(108)
Interest rate swap and foreign currency translation:
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, net of tax of: (2021 - $204; 2020 - $352)	575	(997)
Change in foreign currency translation, net of tax of: (2021 - $118; 2020 - $502)	329	(1,420)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), net of tax	804	(2,467)
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)	$ 24,165	$ (565)

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Net actuarial loss, tax (benefit)		$ (3)
Pension settlement expense, tax		23
Amortization of unrecognized net periodic benefit costs (credit), tax	$ (35)	(37)
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swap, tax (benefit)	204	(352)
Change in foreign currency translation, tax expense (benefit)	$ 118	$ (502)

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Common Stock Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance	Additional Paid-In Capital	Retained Earnings Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Retained Earnings Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance	Retained Earnings	Treasury Stock Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance	Treasury Stock	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjustment	Cumulative Effect, Period of Adoption, Adjusted Balance	Total
Balances at Dec. 31, 2019	$ 288	$ 288	$ 333,943	$ 333,943	$ (198)	$ 532,989	$ 533,187	$ (104,578)	$ (104,578)	$ 203	$ 203	$ (198)	$ 762,845	$ 763,043
Balances (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2019	28,811	28,811						3,405	3,405
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income							1,902							1,902
Other comprehensive income, net of tax											(2,467)			(2,467)
Issuance of common stock under share-based compensation plans (in shares)		6
Tax effect of share-based compensation plans				(60)										(60)
Share-based compensation expense				2,181										2,181
Purchase of treasury stock									$ (3,162)					(3,162)
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)									150
Dividends declared on common stock							(2,033)							(2,033)
Balances at Mar. 31, 2020		$ 288		336,064			532,858		$ (107,740)		(2,264)			759,206
Balances (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2020		28,817							3,555
Balances at Dec. 31, 2020		$ 290		342,354			595,932		$ (111,173)		1,190			828,593
Balances (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2020		29,045							3,657
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity
Net income							23,361							23,361
Other comprehensive income, net of tax											804			804
Issuance of common stock under share-based compensation plans		$ 1		(1)
Issuance of common stock under share-based compensation plans (in shares)		12
Tax effect of share-based compensation plans				(165)										(165)
Share-based compensation expense				2,354										2,354
Purchase of treasury stock									$ (1,001)					(1,001)
Purchase of treasury stock (in shares)									15
Dividends declared on common stock							(2,037)							(2,037)
Balances at Mar. 31, 2021		$ 291		$ 344,542			$ 617,256		$ (112,174)		$ 1,994			$ 851,909
Balances (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2021		29,057							3,672

XML

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$ 23,361	$ 1,902
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	29,387	28,032
Amortization of intangibles	967	981
Pension settlement expense		89
Share-based compensation expense	2,354	2,181
Provision for losses on accounts receivable	(96)	1,383
Change in deferred income taxes	(4,998)	(2,815)
Gain on sale of property and equipment	(8,635)	(2,130)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables	(22,568)	3,874
Prepaid expenses	(2,582)	(3,429)
Other assets	(164)	5,800
Income taxes	6,376	2,949
Operating right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, net	567	(138)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities	(1,435)	(15,550)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES	22,534	23,129
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases of property, plant and equipment, net of financings	(9,588)	(6,738)
Proceeds from sale of property and equipment	10,079	4,692
Purchases of short-term investments	(18,130)	(73,973)
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments	24,418	12,210
Capitalization of internally developed software	(5,705)	(3,342)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) INVESTING ACTIVITIES	1,074	(67,151)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Borrowings under credit facilities		180,000
Borrowings under accounts receivable securitization program		45,000
Payments on long-term debt	(17,387)	(14,598)
Net change in book overdrafts	(5,434)	(10,869)
Payment of common stock dividends	(2,037)	(2,033)
Purchases of treasury stock	(1,001)	(3,162)
Payments for tax withheld on share-based compensation	(161)	(60)
NET CASH PROVIDED BY (USED IN) FINANCING ACTIVITIES	(26,020)	194,278
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	(2,412)	150,256
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period	303,954	201,909
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS CASH AT END OF PERIOD	301,542	352,165
NONCASH INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Accruals for equipment received	233	39
Lease liabilities arising from obtaining right-of-use assets	$ 1,959	$ 10,370

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ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

NOTE A – ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

ArcBest Corporation^™ (the “Company”) is the parent holding company of freight transportation and integrated logistics businesses providing innovative solutions. The Company’s operations are conducted through its three reportable operating segments: Asset-Based, which consists of ABF Freight System, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries (“ABF Freight”); ArcBest, the Company’s asset-light logistics operation; and FleetNet. References to the Company in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are primarily to the Company and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.

The Asset-Based segment represented approximately 64% of the Company’s total revenues before other revenues and intercompany eliminations for the three months ended March 31, 2021. As of March 2021, approximately 82% of the Asset-Based segment’s employees were covered under a collective bargaining agreement, the ABF National Master Freight Agreement (the “2018 ABF NMFA”), with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters (the “IBT”), which will remain in effect through June 30, 2023.

Financial Statement Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all information or footnote disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K and other current filings with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which are of a normal and recurring nature) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual amounts may differ from those estimates. The Company considered the impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on the estimates and assumptions used in preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Given the uncertainties regarding the economic environment and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, it is possible that these estimates and assumptions may materially change in future periods.

Reclassifications: Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period presentation in the consolidated statements of cash flows to conform to the current year presentation. The multiemployer pension fund withdrawal liability, which was associated with the 2018 transition agreement and withdrawal from the New England Teamsters and Trucking Industry Pension Fund, was previously presented in a separate line of changes in operating assets and liabilities in the consolidated statements of cash flows and has been reclassed to the accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities line. There was no impact on net cash used in operating activities or total cash and cash equivalents as a result of the reclassification.

Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, was amended to simplify the accounting for income taxes to improve consistency of accounting methods and remove certain exceptions. The amendment was effective for the Company on January 1, 2021, and did not impact the consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Management believes there is no other new accounting guidance issued but not yet effective that is relevant to the Company’s current financial statements.

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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

NOTE B – FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Financial Instruments

The following table presents the components of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments:

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash deposits(1)	$	236,380	$	240,687
Variable rate demand notes(1)(2)		29,161		29,066
Money market funds(3)		36,001		34,201
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	301,542	$	303,954
Short-term investments
Certificates of deposit(1)	$	59,316	$	53,297
U.S. Treasury securities(4)		—		12,111
Total short-term investments	$	59,316	$	65,408

(1) Recorded at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value.

(2) Amounts may be redeemed on a daily basis with the original issuer.

(3) Recorded at fair value as determined by quoted market prices (see amounts presented in the table of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value within this Note).

(4) Recorded at amortized cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. U.S. Treasury securities included in short-term investments are held-to-maturity investments with maturity dates of less than one year.

The Company’s long-term financial instruments are presented in the table of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value within this Note.

Concentrations of Credit Risk of Financial Instruments

The Company is potentially subject to concentrations of credit risk related to its cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments. The Company reduces credit risk by maintaining its cash deposits primarily in FDIC-insured accounts and placing its short-term investments primarily in FDIC-insured certificates of deposit. However, certain cash deposits and certificates of deposit may exceed federally insured limits. At March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments totaling $152.9 million and $156.4 million, respectively, were neither FDIC insured nor direct obligations of the U.S. government.

Fair Value Disclosure of Financial Instruments

Fair value disclosures are made in accordance with the following hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs of market data and market assumptions used to measure fair value are observable or unobservable:

● Level 1 — Quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets.

● Level 2 — Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

● Level 3 — Unobservable inputs (Company’s market assumptions) that are significant to the valuation model.

Fair value and carrying value disclosures of financial instruments are presented in the following table:

	March 31				December 31
	2021				2020
	(in thousands)
		Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
		Value		Value		Value		Value
Credit Facility(1)	$	70,000	$	70,000	$	70,000	$	70,000
Notes payable(2)		196,830		201,282		214,216		217,226
New England Pension Fund withdrawal liability(3)		21,250		23,361		21,407		25,523
	$	288,080	$	294,643	$	305,623	$	312,749

(1) The revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) carries a variable interest rate based on LIBOR, plus a margin, that is considered to be priced at market for debt instruments having similar terms and collateral requirements (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy).

(2) Fair value of the notes payable was determined using a present value income approach based on quoted interest rates from lending institutions with which the Company would enter into similar transactions (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy).

(3) ABF Freight’s multiemployer pension plan obligation with the New England Teamsters and Trucking Industry Pension Fund (the “New England Pension Fund”) was restructured under a transition agreement effective on August 1, 2018, which resulted in a related withdrawal liability (see in Note I to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K). The fair value of the outstanding withdrawal liability is equal to the present value of the future withdrawal liability payments, discounted at an interest rate of 3.4% and 2.6% at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, determined using the 20-year U.S. Treasury rate plus a spread (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy). Included in other long-term liabilities with the current portion included in accrued expenses.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

The following table presents the assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis:

	March 31, 2021
			Fair Value Measurements Using
			Quoted Prices		Significant		Significant
			In Active		Observable		Unobservable
			Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Money market funds(1)	$	36,001	$	36,001	$	—	$	—
Equity, bond, and money market mutual funds held in trust related to the Voluntary Savings Plan(2)		3,017		3,017		—		—
Interest rate swaps(3)		351		—		351		—
	$	39,369	$	39,018	$	351	$	—
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps(3)	$	1,194	$	—	$	1,194	$	—

	December 31, 2020
			Fair Value Measurements Using
			Quoted Prices		Significant		Significant
			In Active		Observable		Unobservable
			Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Money market funds(1)	$	34,201	$	34,201	$	—	$	—
Equity, bond, and money market mutual funds held in trust related to the Voluntary Savings Plan(2)		2,955		2,955		—		—
	$	37,156	$	37,156	$	—	$	—
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps(3)	$	1,622	$	—	$	1,622	$	—

(1) Included in cash and cash equivalents.

(2) Nonqualified deferred compensation plan investments consist of U.S. and international equity mutual funds, government and corporate bond mutual funds, and money market funds which are held in a trust with a third-party brokerage firm. Included in other long-term assets, with a corresponding liability reported within other long-term liabilities.

(3) Included in other long-term assets or other long-term liabilities. The fair values of the interest rate swaps were determined by discounting future cash flows and receipts based on expected interest rates observed in market interest rate curves adjusted for estimated credit valuation considerations reflecting nonperformance risk of the Company and the counterparty, which are considered to be in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company assessed Level 3 inputs as insignificant to the valuation at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and considers the interest rate swap valuations in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

NOTE C – GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill by reportable operating segment consisted of $87.7 million and $0.6 million reported in the ArcBest and FleetNet segments, respectively, at both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Intangible assets consisted of the following:

		March 31, 2021						December 31, 2020
	Weighted-Average			Accumulated		Net				Accumulated		Net
	Amortization Period	Cost		Amortization		Value			Cost	Amortization		Value
	(in years)	(in thousands)						(in thousands)
Finite-lived intangible assets
Customer relationships	14	$	52,721	$	31,429	$	21,292	$	52,721	$	30,477	$	22,244
Other	13		994		558		436		980		543		437
	14		53,715		31,987		21,728		53,701		31,020		22,681
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Trade name	N/A		32,300		N/A		32,300		32,300		N/A		32,300
Total intangible assets	N/A	$	86,015	$	31,987	$	54,028	$	86,001	$	31,020	$	54,981

The future amortization for intangible assets acquired through business acquisitions as of March 31, 2021 was as follows:

	Amortization of
	Intangible Assets
	(in thousands)
Remainder of 2021	$	2,870
2022		3,815
2023		3,722
2024		3,689
2025		3,674
Thereafter		3,958
Total amortization	$	21,728

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INCOME TAXES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

NOTE D – INCOME TAXES

The effective tax rate was 25.5% and 20.3% for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. State tax rates vary among states and average approximately 6.0% to 6.5%, although some state rates are higher and a small number of states do not impose an income tax.

For the three months ended March 31, 2021, the difference between the Company’s effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate primarily resulted from state income taxes, nondeductible expenses, changes in the cash surrender value of life insurance, federal research and development tax credits, changes in tax valuation allowances, and tax benefit from the vesting of stock awards. For the three months ended March 31, 2020, the difference between the Company’s effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate primarily resulted from state income taxes, nondeductible expenses, changes in the cash surrender value of life insurance, federal alternative fuel and research development tax credits, changes in valuation allowances, and the reversal of an uncertain tax position.

As of March 31, 2021, the Company’s deferred tax liabilities, which will reverse in future years, exceeded the deferred tax assets. The Company evaluated the total deferred tax assets at March 31, 2021 and concluded that, other than for certain deferred tax assets related to foreign and state tax credit carryforwards and federal and state net operating losses, the assets did not exceed the amount for which realization is more likely than not. In making this determination, the Company considered the future reversal of existing taxable temporary differences, future taxable income, and tax planning strategies. Valuation allowances for deferred tax assets totaled $1.4 million and $1.3 million at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The Company had a reserve for uncertain tax positions of $0.9 million at December 31, 2020. The reserve was reversed in the first quarter of 2020 due to the expiration of the statute of limitations. At March 31, 2021, the Company has no reserve for uncertain tax positions.

The Company paid federal and state income taxes of $6.5 million during the three months ended March 31, 2021, and paid foreign and state income taxes of $0.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2020, respectively. The Company received refunds of less than $0.1 million of federal and state income taxes and refunds of $0.4 million of federal income taxes that were paid in prior years during the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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LEASES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

LEASES

LEASES

NOTE E – LEASES

The Company leases, under finance and operating lease arrangements, certain facilities used primarily in the Asset-Based segment service center operations, certain revenue equipment used in the ArcBest segment operations, and certain other office equipment.

The components of operating lease expense were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021		March 31, 2020
	(in thousands)
Operating lease expense	$	6,642	$	5,796
Variable lease expense		1,332		1,040
Sublease income		(155)		(92)
Total operating lease expense(1)	$	7,819	$	6,744

(1) Operating lease expense excludes short-term leases with a term of 12 months or less.

The operating cash flows from operating lease activity were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021		March 31, 2020
	(in thousands)
Noncash change in operating right-of-use assets	$	5,741	$	5,815
Change in operating lease liabilities		(5,174)		(5,953)
Operating right-of-use-assets and lease liabilities, net	$	567	$	(138)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	(6,079)	$	(5,925)

Maturities of operating lease liabilities at March 31, 2021 were as follows:

					Equipment
			Land and		and
	Total		Structures		Other
	(in thousands)
Remainder of 2021	$	18,816	$	18,748	$	68
2022		21,459		21,423		36
2023		17,248		17,223		25
2024		15,088		15,088		—
2025		12,561		12,561		—
Thereafter		43,109		43,109		—
Total lease payments		128,281		128,152		129
Less imputed interest		(12,176)		(12,174)		(2)
Total	$	116,105	$	115,978	$	127

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LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

NOTE F – LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

Long-Term Debt Obligations

Long-term debt consisted of borrowings outstanding under the Company’s revolving credit facility which is further described in Financing Arrangements within this Note, and notes payable and finance lease obligations related to the financing of revenue equipment (tractors and trailers used primarily in Asset-Based segment operations), certain other equipment, and software as follows:

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Credit Facility (interest rate of 1.2%(1) at March 31, 2021)	$	70,000	$	70,000
Notes payable (weighted-average interest rate of 3.0% at March 31, 2021)		196,830		214,216
Finance lease obligations (weighted-average interest rate of 3.3% at March 31, 2021)		7		8
		266,837		284,224
Less current portion		66,064		67,105
Long-term debt, less current portion	$	200,773	$	217,119

(1) The interest rate swap mitigates interest rate risk by effectively converting $50.0 million of borrowings under the Credit Facility from variable-rate interest to fixed-rate interest with a per annum rate of 3.12% based on the margin of the Credit Facility as of both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Scheduled maturities of long-term debt obligations as of March 31, 2021 were as follows:

			Credit		Notes		Finance Lease
	Total		Facility(1)		Payable		Obligations
	(in thousands)
Due in one year or less	$	71,839	$	899	$	70,933	$	7
Due after one year through two years		60,650		1,005		59,645		—
Due after two years through three years		43,891		1,362		42,529		—
Due after three years through four years		98,088		70,854		27,234		—
Due after four years through five years		6,117		—		6,117		—
Due after five years		—		—		—		—
Total payments		280,585		74,120		206,458		7
Less amounts representing interest		13,748		4,120		9,628		—
Long-term debt	$	266,837	$	70,000	$	196,830	$	7

(1) The future interest payments included in the scheduled maturities due are calculated using variable interest rates based on the LIBOR swap curve, plus the anticipated applicable margin.

Assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases were included in property, plant and equipment as follows:

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Revenue equipment	$	325,562	$	326,823
Service, office, and other equipment		26,270		26,270
Total assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases		351,832		353,093
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(1)		126,398		115,424
Net assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases	$	225,434	$	237,669

(1) Amortization of assets held under finance leases and depreciation of assets securing notes payable are included in depreciation expense.

Financing Arrangements

Credit Facility

The Company has a revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) under its Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with an initial maximum credit amount of $250.0 million, including a swing line facility in an aggregate amount of up to $25.0 million and a letter of credit sub-facility providing for the issuance of letters of credit up to an aggregate amount of $20.0 million. The Company may request additional revolving commitments or incremental term loans thereunder up to an aggregate amount of $125.0 million, subject to certain additional conditions as provided in the Credit Agreement. As of March 31, 2021, the Company had available borrowing capacity of $180.0 million under the initial maximum credit amount of the Credit Facility.

Principal payments under the Credit Facility are due upon maturity of the facility on October 1, 2024; however, borrowings may be repaid, at the Company’s discretion, in whole or in part at any time, without penalty, subject to required notice periods and compliance with minimum prepayment amounts. The Credit Agreement contains conditions, representations and warranties, events of default, and indemnification provisions that are customary for financings of this type, including, but not limited to, a minimum interest coverage ratio, a maximum adjusted leverage ratio, and limitations on incurrence of debt, investments, liens on assets, certain sale and leaseback transactions, transactions with affiliates, mergers, consolidations, purchases and sales of assets, and certain restricted payments. The Company was in compliance with the covenants under the Credit Agreement at March 31, 2021.

Interest Rate Swaps

The Company has an interest rate swap agreement with a $50.0 million notional amount which started on January 2, 2020 and will mature on June 30, 2022. The Company receives floating-rate interest amounts based on one-month LIBOR in exchange for fixed-rate interest payments of 1.99% over the life of the agreement. The interest rate swap mitigates interest rate risk by effectively converting $50.0 million of borrowings under the Credit Facility from variable-rate interest to fixed-rate interest with a per annum rate of 3.12% based on the margin of the Credit Facility as of March 31, 2021. The fair value of the interest rate swap of $1.2 million and $1.4 million was recorded in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The Company also has an interest rate swap agreement with a $50.0 million notional amount interest rate swap agreement which will start on June 30, 2022 and mature on October 1, 2024. The Company will receive floating-rate interest amounts based on one-month LIBOR in exchange for fixed-rate interest payments of 0.43% beginning on June 30, 2022 throughout the remaining term of the agreement. From June 30, 2022 to October 1, 2024, the extended interest rate swap agreement will effectively convert $50.0 million of borrowings under the Credit Facility from variable-rate interest to fixed-rate interest with a per annum rate of 1.56% based on the margin of the Credit Facility as of March 31, 2021. The fair value of the interest rate swap of $0.4 million was recorded in other long-term assets and $0.2 million was recorded in other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

The unrealized gain or loss on the interest rate swap instruments was reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax, in stockholders’ equity at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, and the change in the unrealized loss on the interest rate swaps for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020 was reported in other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The interest rate swaps are subject to certain customary provisions that could allow the counterparty to request immediate settlement of the fair value liability or asset upon violation of any or all of the provisions. The Company was in compliance with all provisions of the interest rate swap agreements at March 31, 2021.

Accounts Receivable Securitization Program

The Company’s accounts receivable securitization program, which matures on October 1, 2021, allows for cash proceeds of $125.0 million to be provided under the program and has an accordion feature allowing the Company to request additional borrowings up to $25.0 million, subject to certain conditions.

Under this program, certain subsidiaries of the Company continuously sell a designated pool of trade accounts receivables to a wholly owned subsidiary which, in turn, may borrow funds on a revolving basis. This wholly owned consolidated subsidiary is a separate bankruptcy-remote entity, and its assets would be available only to satisfy the claims related to the

lender’s interest in the trade accounts receivables. Borrowings under the accounts receivable securitization program bear interest based upon LIBOR, plus a margin, and an annual facility fee. The securitization agreement contains representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants, and events of default that are customary for financings of this type, including a maximum adjusted leverage ratio covenant. The Company was in compliance with the covenants under the accounts receivable securitization program at March 31, 2021.

The accounts receivable securitization program includes a provision under which the Company may request and the letter of credit issuer may issue standby letters of credit, primarily in support of workers’ compensation and third-party casualty claims liabilities in various states in which the Company is self-insured. The outstanding standby letters of credit reduce the availability of borrowings under the program. As of March 31, 2021, standby letters of credit of $11.7 million have been issued under the program, which reduced the available borrowing capacity to $113.3 million.

Letter of Credit Agreements and Surety Bond Programs

As of March 31, 2021, the Company had letters of credit outstanding of $12.3 million (including $11.7 million issued under the accounts receivable securitization program). The Company has programs in place with multiple surety companies for the issuance of surety bonds in support of its self-insurance program. As of March 31, 2021, surety bonds outstanding related to the self-insurance program totaled $61.6 million.

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POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

NOTE G – POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

Supplemental Benefit and Postretirement Health Benefit Plans

The following is a summary of the components of net periodic benefit cost:

	Three Months Ended March 31
	Supplemental				Postretirement
	Benefit Plan				Health Benefit Plan
	2021		2020		2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	48	$	47
Interest cost		1		3		107		144
Pension settlement expense(1)		—		89		—		—
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss(2)		2		4		(137)		(149)
Net periodic benefit cost(3)	$	3	$	96	$	18	$	42

(1) For the three months ended March 31, 2020, pension settlement expense for the supplemental benefit pension plan of $0.1 million (pre-tax), or $0.1 million (after-tax), was due to a $0.7 million benefit related to an officer retirement.

(2) The Company amortizes actuarial gains and losses over the average remaining active service period of the plan participants and does not use a corridor approach.

(3) Service cost is reported within operating expenses and the other components of net periodic benefit cost (including pension settlement expense) are reported within the other line item of other income (costs) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Multiemployer Plans

ABF Freight System, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries reported in the Company’s Asset-Based operating segment (“ABF Freight”) contribute to multiemployer pension and health and welfare plans, which have been established pursuant to the Taft-Hartley Act, to provide benefits for its contractual employees. The 25 multiemployer pension plans to which ABF Freight contributes vary greatly in size and in funded status. Contributions to these plans are based generally on the time worked by ABF Freight’s contractual employees at rates specified in the 2018 ABF NMFA and other related supplemental agreements. ABF Freight recognizes as expense the contractually required contributions for each period and recognizes as a liability any contributions due and unpaid. The funding obligations to the multiemployer pension plans are intended to satisfy the requirements imposed by the Pension Protection Act of 2006, which was permanently extended by the Multiemployer Pension Reform Act (the “Reform Act”) included in the Consolidated and Further Continuing Appropriations Act of 2015.

Approximately one half of ABF Freight’s total contributions to multiemployer pension plans are made to the Central States, Southeast and Southwest Areas Pension Plan (the “Central States Pension Plan”). As set forth in the 2020 Annual Funding Notice for the Central States Pension Plan, the funded percentage of the plan was 19.5% as of January 1, 2020. In the Notice of Critical and Declining Status for the Central States Pension Plan dated March 31, 2021, the plan’s actuary certified that the plan is in critical and declining status, as defined by the Reform Act, for the plan year beginning January 1, 2021. Critical and declining status is applicable to critical status plans that are projected to become insolvent anytime within the next 14 plan years, or if the plan is projected to become insolvent within the next 19 plan years and either the plan’s ratio of inactive participants to active participants exceeds two to one or the plan’s funded percentage is less than 80%.

On March 11, 2021, H.R.1319, the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (the “American Rescue Plan Act”) was signed into law. The American Rescue Plan Act includes the Butch Lewis Emergency Pension Plan Relief Act of 2021 (the “Pension Relief Act”). The Pension Relief Act includes provisions to improve funding for multiemployer pension plans, including financial assistance provided through the Pension Benefit Guarantee Corporation (the “PBGC”) to qualifying underfunded plans to secure pension benefits for plan participants. Without the funding to be provided by the Pension Relief Act, many of the multiemployer pension funds to which ABF Freight contributes, including the Central States Pension Plan, could become insolvent in the near future; however, ABF Freight would continue to be obligated to make contributions to those funds under the terms of the 2018 ABF NMFA.

Through the term of the 2018 ABF NMFA, which extends through June 30, 2023, ABF Freight’s multiemployer pension contribution obligations generally will be satisfied by making the specified contributions when due. Future contribution rates will be determined through the negotiation process for contract periods following the term of the current collective bargaining agreement. While the Company cannot determine with any certainty the contributions that will be required under future collective bargaining agreements for ABF Freight’s contractual employees, management believes future contribution rates to multiemployer pension plans may be less likely to increase as a result of the provisions of the Pension Relief Act. If ABF Freight was to completely withdraw from certain multiemployer pension plans, under current law, ABF Freight would have material liabilities for its share of the unfunded vested liabilities of each such plan. More information will become available as the PBGC develops and issues regulations to implement the financial assistance program provided by the American Rescue Plan Act.

The multiemployer plan administrators have provided to the Company no other significant changes in information related to multiemployer plans from the information disclosed in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

NOTE H – STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Components of accumulated other comprehensive income were as follows:

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Pre-tax amounts:
Unrecognized net periodic benefit credit	$	4,255	$	4,390
Interest rate swap		(843)		(1,622)
Foreign currency translation		(735)		(1,182)
Total	$	2,677	$	1,586
After-tax amounts:
Unrecognized net periodic benefit credit	$	3,160	$	3,260
Interest rate swap		(623)		(1,198)
Foreign currency translation		(543)		(872)
Total	$	1,994	$	1,190

The following is a summary of the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component for the three months ended March 31, 2021 and 2020:

			Unrecognized			Interest	Foreign
			Net Periodic			Rate	Currency
	Total		Benefit Costs			Swap	Translation
	(in thousands)
Balances at December 31, 2020	$	1,190	$	3,260	$	(1,198)	$	(872)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		904		—		575		329
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		(100)		(100)		—		—
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		804		(100)		575		329
Balances at March 31, 2021	$	1,994	$	3,160	$	(623)	$	(543)
Balances at December 31, 2019		203		2,152		(416)		(1,533)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(2,425)		(8)		(997)		(1,420)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		(42)		(42)		—		—
Net current-period other comprehensive loss		(2,467)		(50)		(997)		(1,420)
Balances at March 31, 2020	$	(2,264)	$	2,102	$	(1,413)	$	(2,953)

The following is a summary of the significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component:

	Unrecognized Net Periodic
	Benefit Credit(1)(2)
	Three Months Ended March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Amortization of net actuarial gain	$	135	$	145
Pension settlement expense(3)		—		(89)
Total, pre-tax		135		56
Tax expense		(35)		(14)
Total, net of tax	$	100	$	42

(1) Amounts in parentheses indicate increases in expense or loss.

(2) These components of accumulated other comprehensive income are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost as disclosed in Note G.

(3) For the three months ended March 31, 2020, pension settlement expense is related to the supplemental benefit plan (see Note G).

Dividends on Common Stock

The following table is a summary of dividends declared during the applicable quarter:

	2021				2020
	Per Share		Amount		Per Share		Amount
	(in thousands, except per share data)
First quarter	$	0.08	$	2,037	$	0.08	$	2,033

On April 29, 2021, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a dividend of $0.08 per share to stockholders of record as of May 13, 2021.

Treasury Stock

The Company has a program to repurchase its common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions. The program has no expiration date but may be terminated at any time at the Board of Directors’ discretion. Repurchases may be made using the Company’s cash reserves or other available sources. As of December 31, 2020, the Company had $6.6 million remaining under the program for repurchases of its common stock. On January 28, 2021 the Board of Directors extended the share repurchase program by authorizing a total of $50.0 million to be available for purchases of the Company’s common stock. During the three months ended March 31, 2021, the Company purchased 14,923 shares for an aggregate cost of $1.0 million, leaving $49.0 million available for repurchase of common stock under the program.

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EARNINGS PER SHARE

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

EARNINGS PER SHARE

EARNINGS PER SHARE

NOTE I – EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Basic
Numerator:
Net income	$	23,361	$	1,902
Effect of unvested restricted stock awards		—		(1)
Adjusted net income	$	23,361	$	1,901
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares		25,454,921		25,390,377
Earnings per common share	$	0.92	$	0.07
Diluted
Numerator:
Net income	$	23,361	$	1,902
Effect of unvested restricted stock awards		—		(1)
Adjusted net income	$	23,361	$	1,901
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares		25,454,921		25,390,377
Effect of dilutive securities		1,475,481		856,423
Adjusted weighted-average shares and assumed conversions		26,930,402		26,246,800
Earnings per common share	$	0.87	$	0.07

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OPERATING SEGMENT DATA

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

OPERATING SEGMENT DATA

OPERATING SEGMENT DATA

NOTE J – OPERATING SEGMENT DATA

The Company uses the “management approach” to determine its reportable operating segments, as well as to determine the basis of reporting the operating segment information. The management approach focuses on financial information that the Company’s management uses to make operating decisions. Management uses revenues, operating expense categories, operating ratios, operating income, and key operating statistics to evaluate performance and allocate resources to the Company’s operations.

Shared services represent costs incurred to support all segments, including sales, pricing, customer service, marketing, capacity sourcing functions, human resources, financial services, information technology, and other company-wide services. Certain overhead costs are not attributable to any segment and remain unallocated in “Other and eliminations.” Included in unallocated costs are expenses related to investor relations, legal, the ArcBest Board of Directors, and certain technology investments. Shared services costs attributable to the operating segments are predominantly allocated based upon estimated and planned resource utilization-related metrics such as estimated shipment levels, number of pricing proposals, or number of personnel supported. The bases for such charges are modified and adjusted by management when

necessary or appropriate to reflect fairly and equitably the actual incidence of cost incurred by the operating segments. Management believes the methods used to allocate expenses are reasonable.

The Company’s reportable operating segments are impacted by seasonal fluctuations which affect tonnage, shipment or service event levels, and demand for services, as described below; therefore, operating results for the interim periods presented may not necessarily be indicative of the results for the fiscal year.

The Company’s reportable operating segments are as follows:

● The Asset-Based segment includes the results of operations of ABF Freight System, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries. The segment operations include national, inter-regional, and regional transportation of general commodities through standard, expedited, and guaranteed LTL services. The Asset Based segment provides services to the ArcBest segment, including freight transportation related to certain consumer household goods self-move services.

Freight shipments and operating costs of the Asset-Based segment can be adversely affected by inclement weather conditions. The second and third calendar quarters of each year usually have the highest tonnage levels while the first quarter generally has the lowest, although other factors, including the state of the U.S. and global economies, available capacity in the market, and the impact of other adverse external events or conditions, including the COVID-19 pandemic, may influence quarterly freight tonnage levels.

● The ArcBest segment includes the results of operations of the Company’s service offerings in ground expedite, truckload, dedicated, intermodal, household goods moving, managed transportation, warehousing and distribution, and international freight transportation for air, ocean, and ground. The ArcBest segment provides services to the Asset-Based segment.

ArcBest segment operations are influenced by seasonal fluctuations that impact customers’ supply chains. The second and third calendar quarters of each year usually have the highest shipment levels while the first quarter generally has the lowest, although other factors, including the state of the U.S. and global economies, available capacity in the market, and the impact of other adverse external events or conditions, including the COVID-19 pandemic, may impact quarterly business levels. Shipments of the ArcBest segment may decline during winter months because of post-holiday slowdowns, but expedite shipments can be subject to short-term increases depending on the impact of weather disruptions to customers’ supply chains. Plant shutdowns during summer months may affect shipments for automotive and manufacturing customers of the ArcBest segment, but severe weather events can result in higher demand for expedite services. Moving services of the ArcBest segment are impacted by seasonal fluctuations, generally resulting in higher business levels in the second and third quarters as the demand for moving services is typically stronger in the summer months.

● FleetNet includes the results of operations of FleetNet America, Inc. and certain other subsidiaries that provide roadside assistance and maintenance management services for commercial vehicles through a network of third-party service providers. FleetNet provides services to the Asset-Based and ArcBest segments.

Emergency roadside service events of the FleetNet segment are favorably impacted by extreme weather conditions that affect commercial vehicle operations, and the segment’s results of operations will be influenced by seasonal variations in service event volume and the impact of other external events or conditions, including the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Company’s other business activities and operating segments that are not reportable include ArcBest Corporation and certain other subsidiaries. Certain costs incurred by the parent holding company and the Company’s shared services subsidiary are allocated to the reporting segments. The Company eliminates intercompany transactions in consolidation. However, the information used by the Company’s management with respect to its reportable segments is before intersegment eliminations of revenues and expenses.

Further classifications of operations or revenues by geographic location are impracticable and, therefore, are not provided. The Company’s foreign operations are not significant.

The following tables reflect reportable operating segment information:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
REVENUES
Asset-Based	$	556,292	$	515,713
ArcBest		252,336		164,775
FleetNet		59,163		52,439
Other and eliminations		(38,578)		(31,528)
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399
OPERATING EXPENSES
Asset-Based
Salaries, wages, and benefits	$	285,694	$	283,838
Fuel, supplies, and expenses		60,841		61,225
Operating taxes and licenses		12,248		12,794
Insurance		8,939		7,824
Communications and utilities		4,970		4,711
Depreciation and amortization		23,484		23,270
Rents and purchased transportation		75,588		55,770
Shared services		55,866		48,885
Gain on sale of property and equipment(1)		(8,695)		(2,164)
Innovative technology costs(2)		6,868		4,533
Other		434		1,787
Total Asset-Based		526,237		502,473
ArcBest
Purchased transportation		210,995		137,182
Supplies and expenses		2,568		2,280
Depreciation and amortization		2,386		2,470
Shared services		26,072		21,727
Other		2,050		2,525
Total ArcBest		244,071		166,184
FleetNet		58,140		51,399
Other and eliminations		(31,426)		(26,476)
Total consolidated operating expenses	$	797,022	$	693,580
OPERATING INCOME
Asset-Based	$	30,055	$	13,240
ArcBest		8,265		(1,409)
FleetNet		1,023		1,040
Other and eliminations		(7,152)		(5,052)
Total consolidated operating income	$	32,191	$	7,819
OTHER INCOME (COSTS)
Interest and dividend income	$	392	$	1,375
Interest and other related financing costs		(2,428)		(2,947)
Other, net(3)		1,192		(3,862)
Total other income (costs)		(844)		(5,434)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	$	31,347	$	2,385

(1) The three months ended March 31, 2021 includes an $8.6 million gain on the sale of an unutilized service center property.

(2) Represents costs associated with the freight handling pilot test program at ABF Freight.

(3) Includes the components of net periodic benefit cost other than service cost related to the Company’s SBP and postretirement plans (see Note G) and proceeds and changes in cash surrender value of life insurance policies.

The following table reflects information about revenues from customers and intersegment revenues:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Revenues from customers
Asset-Based	$	529,724	$	495,728
ArcBest		250,241		162,948
FleetNet		48,434		41,744
Other		814		979
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399
Intersegment revenues
Asset-Based	$	26,568	$	19,985
ArcBest		2,095		1,827
FleetNet		10,729		10,695
Other and eliminations		(39,392)		(32,507)
Total intersegment revenues	$	—	$	—
Total segment revenues
Asset-Based	$	556,292	$	515,713
ArcBest		252,336		164,775
FleetNet		59,163		52,439
Other and eliminations		(38,578)		(31,528)
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399

The following table presents operating expenses by category on a consolidated basis:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries, wages, and benefits	$	359,395	$	344,946
Rents, purchased transportation, and other costs of services		309,338		217,028
Fuel, supplies, and expenses		73,149		71,773
Depreciation and amortization(1)		30,354		29,013
Other		24,786		30,820
	$	797,022	$	693,580

(1) Includes amortization of intangible assets.

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LEGAL PROCEEDINGS, ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS, AND OTHER EVENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS, ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS, AND OTHER EVENTS

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS, ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS, AND OTHER EVENTS

NOTE K – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS, ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS, AND OTHER EVENTS

The Company is involved in various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business. The Company maintains liability insurance against certain risks arising out of the normal course of its business, subject to certain self-insured retention limits. The Company routinely establishes and reviews the adequacy of reserves for estimated legal, environmental, and self-insurance exposures. While management believes that amounts accrued in the consolidated financial statements are adequate, estimates of these liabilities may change as circumstances develop. Considering amounts recorded, routine legal matters are not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Environmental Matters

The Company’s subsidiaries store fuel for use in tractors and trucks in underground tanks at certain facilities. Maintenance of such tanks is regulated at the federal and, in most cases, state levels. The Company believes it is in substantial compliance with all such regulations. The Company’s underground storage tanks are required to have leak detection systems. The Company is not aware of any leaks from such tanks that could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company.

The Company has received notices from the Environmental Protection Agency (the “EPA”) and others that it has been identified as a potentially responsible party under the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act, or other federal or state environmental statutes, at several hazardous waste sites. After investigating the Company’s involvement in waste disposal or waste generation at such sites, the Company has either agreed to de minimis settlements or determined that its obligations, other than those specifically accrued with respect to such sites, would involve immaterial monetary liability, although there can be no assurances in this regard. The Company maintains an accrual which is included in accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheets, for estimated environmental cleanup costs of properties currently or previously operated by the Company. Amounts accrued reflect management’s best estimate of the future undiscounted exposure related to identified properties based on current environmental regulations, management’s experience with similar environmental matters, and testing performed at certain sites.

Certain Asset-Based service center facilities operate with no exposure certifications or stormwater permits under the federal Clean Water Act (“the CWA”). The no exposure certification and stormwater permits may require periodic facility inspections and monitoring and reporting of stormwater sampling results. The Company determined that certain procedures regarding sampling, documentation, and reporting were not appropriately being performed in accordance with the CWA. As such, the Company self-reported the matter to the EPA. An estimated settlement expense for this matter is accrued within accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2021. Resolution of this matter is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Other Events

In February 2021, the Company received a Notice of Assessment from a state pertaining to uncollected sales and use tax, including interest and penalties, for the period September 1, 2016 to November 30, 2018. The Company does not agree with the basis of the assessment and plans to appeal the assessment and defend its position. The Company has previously accrued an amount related to this assessment consistent with applicable accounting guidance, but if the state prevails in its position, the Company may owe additional tax. Management does not believe the amount involved will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

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ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION

Financial Statement Presentation

Financial Statement Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all information or footnote disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K and other current filings with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (which are of a normal and recurring nature) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual amounts may differ from those estimates. The Company considered the impact of the novel coronavirus (“COVID-19”) pandemic on the estimates and assumptions used in preparation of the Company’s consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2021. Given the uncertainties regarding the economic environment and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our business, it is possible that these estimates and assumptions may materially change in future periods.

Reclassifications

Reclassifications: Certain reclassifications have been made to the prior period presentation in the consolidated statements of cash flows to conform to the current year presentation. The multiemployer pension fund withdrawal liability, which was associated with the 2018 transition agreement and withdrawal from the New England Teamsters and Trucking Industry Pension Fund, was previously presented in a separate line of changes in operating assets and liabilities in the consolidated statements of cash flows and has been reclassed to the accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other liabilities line. There was no impact on net cash used in operating activities or total cash and cash equivalents as a result of the reclassification.

Adopted Accounting Pronouncements and Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, was amended to simplify the accounting for income taxes to improve consistency of accounting methods and remove certain exceptions. The amendment was effective for the Company on January 1, 2021, and did not impact the consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

Management believes there is no other new accounting guidance issued but not yet effective that is relevant to the Company’s current financial statements.

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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

Schedule components of cash and cash equivalents, short term investments, and restricted funds

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash deposits(1)	$	236,380	$	240,687
Variable rate demand notes(1)(2)		29,161		29,066
Money market funds(3)		36,001		34,201
Total cash and cash equivalents	$	301,542	$	303,954
Short-term investments
Certificates of deposit(1)	$	59,316	$	53,297
U.S. Treasury securities(4)		—		12,111
Total short-term investments	$	59,316	$	65,408

(1) Recorded at cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value.

(2) Amounts may be redeemed on a daily basis with the original issuer.

(3) Recorded at fair value as determined by quoted market prices (see amounts presented in the table of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value within this Note).

(4) Recorded at amortized cost plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. U.S. Treasury securities included in short-term investments are held-to-maturity investments with maturity dates of less than one year.

Schedule of fair value and carrying value disclosures of financial instruments

	March 31				December 31
	2021				2020
	(in thousands)
		Carrying		Fair		Carrying		Fair
		Value		Value		Value		Value
Credit Facility(1)	$	70,000	$	70,000	$	70,000	$	70,000
Notes payable(2)		196,830		201,282		214,216		217,226
New England Pension Fund withdrawal liability(3)		21,250		23,361		21,407		25,523
	$	288,080	$	294,643	$	305,623	$	312,749

(1) The revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”) carries a variable interest rate based on LIBOR, plus a margin, that is considered to be priced at market for debt instruments having similar terms and collateral requirements (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy).

(2) Fair value of the notes payable was determined using a present value income approach based on quoted interest rates from lending institutions with which the Company would enter into similar transactions (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy).

(3) ABF Freight’s multiemployer pension plan obligation with the New England Teamsters and Trucking Industry Pension Fund (the “New England Pension Fund”) was restructured under a transition agreement effective on August 1, 2018, which resulted in a related withdrawal liability (see in Note I to the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of the Company’s 2020 Annual Report on Form 10-K). The fair value of the outstanding withdrawal liability is equal to the present value of the future withdrawal liability payments, discounted at an interest rate of 3.4% and 2.6% at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively, determined using the 20-year U.S. Treasury rate plus a spread (Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy). Included in other long-term liabilities with the current portion included in accrued expenses.

Schedule of financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis

	March 31, 2021
			Fair Value Measurements Using
			Quoted Prices		Significant		Significant
			In Active		Observable		Unobservable
			Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Money market funds(1)	$	36,001	$	36,001	$	—	$	—
Equity, bond, and money market mutual funds held in trust related to the Voluntary Savings Plan(2)		3,017		3,017		—		—
Interest rate swaps(3)		351		—		351		—
	$	39,369	$	39,018	$	351	$	—
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps(3)	$	1,194	$	—	$	1,194	$	—

	December 31, 2020
			Fair Value Measurements Using
			Quoted Prices		Significant		Significant
			In Active		Observable		Unobservable
			Markets		Inputs		Inputs
	Total		(Level 1)		(Level 2)		(Level 3)
	(in thousands)
Assets:
Money market funds(1)	$	34,201	$	34,201	$	—	$	—
Equity, bond, and money market mutual funds held in trust related to the Voluntary Savings Plan(2)		2,955		2,955		—		—
	$	37,156	$	37,156	$	—	$	—
Liabilities:
Interest rate swaps(3)	$	1,622	$	—	$	1,622	$	—

(1) Included in cash and cash equivalents.

(2) Nonqualified deferred compensation plan investments consist of U.S. and international equity mutual funds, government and corporate bond mutual funds, and money market funds which are held in a trust with a third-party brokerage firm. Included in other long-term assets, with a corresponding liability reported within other long-term liabilities.

(3) Included in other long-term assets or other long-term liabilities. The fair values of the interest rate swaps were determined by discounting future cash flows and receipts based on expected interest rates observed in market interest rate curves adjusted for estimated credit valuation considerations reflecting nonperformance risk of the Company and the counterparty, which are considered to be in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company assessed Level 3 inputs as insignificant to the valuation at March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 and considers the interest rate swap valuations in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Schedule of intangible assets

		March 31, 2021						December 31, 2020
	Weighted-Average			Accumulated		Net				Accumulated		Net
	Amortization Period	Cost		Amortization		Value			Cost	Amortization		Value
	(in years)	(in thousands)						(in thousands)
Finite-lived intangible assets
Customer relationships	14	$	52,721	$	31,429	$	21,292	$	52,721	$	30,477	$	22,244
Other	13		994		558		436		980		543		437
	14		53,715		31,987		21,728		53,701		31,020		22,681
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Trade name	N/A		32,300		N/A		32,300		32,300		N/A		32,300
Total intangible assets	N/A	$	86,015	$	31,987	$	54,028	$	86,001	$	31,020	$	54,981

Schedule of future amortization for intangible assets

	Amortization of
	Intangible Assets
	(in thousands)
Remainder of 2021	$	2,870
2022		3,815
2023		3,722
2024		3,689
2025		3,674
Thereafter		3,958
Total amortization	$	21,728

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LEASES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

LEASES

Schedule of components of lease expense

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021		March 31, 2020
	(in thousands)
Operating lease expense	$	6,642	$	5,796
Variable lease expense		1,332		1,040
Sublease income		(155)		(92)
Total operating lease expense(1)	$	7,819	$	6,744

(1) Operating lease expense excludes short-term leases with a term of 12 months or less.

Schedule of operating cash flows from operating lease activity

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2021		March 31, 2020
	(in thousands)
Noncash change in operating right-of-use assets	$	5,741	$	5,815
Change in operating lease liabilities		(5,174)		(5,953)
Operating right-of-use-assets and lease liabilities, net	$	567	$	(138)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	(6,079)	$	(5,925)

Schedule of maturities of operating lease liabilities

					Equipment
			Land and		and
	Total		Structures		Other
	(in thousands)
Remainder of 2021	$	18,816	$	18,748	$	68
2022		21,459		21,423		36
2023		17,248		17,223		25
2024		15,088		15,088		—
2025		12,561		12,561		—
Thereafter		43,109		43,109		—
Total lease payments		128,281		128,152		129
Less imputed interest		(12,176)		(12,174)		(2)
Total	$	116,105	$	115,978	$	127

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LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

Schedule of long-term debt

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Credit Facility (interest rate of 1.2%(1) at March 31, 2021)	$	70,000	$	70,000
Notes payable (weighted-average interest rate of 3.0% at March 31, 2021)		196,830		214,216
Finance lease obligations (weighted-average interest rate of 3.3% at March 31, 2021)		7		8
		266,837		284,224
Less current portion		66,064		67,105
Long-term debt, less current portion	$	200,773	$	217,119

(1) The interest rate swap mitigates interest rate risk by effectively converting $50.0 million of borrowings under the Credit Facility from variable-rate interest to fixed-rate interest with a per annum rate of 3.12% based on the margin of the Credit Facility as of both March 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020.

Scheduled maturities of long-term debt obligations

Scheduled maturities of long-term debt obligations as of March 31, 2021 were as follows:

			Credit		Notes		Finance Lease
	Total		Facility(1)		Payable		Obligations
	(in thousands)
Due in one year or less	$	71,839	$	899	$	70,933	$	7
Due after one year through two years		60,650		1,005		59,645		—
Due after two years through three years		43,891		1,362		42,529		—
Due after three years through four years		98,088		70,854		27,234		—
Due after four years through five years		6,117		—		6,117		—
Due after five years		—		—		—		—
Total payments		280,585		74,120		206,458		7
Less amounts representing interest		13,748		4,120		9,628		—
Long-term debt	$	266,837	$	70,000	$	196,830	$	7

(1) The future interest payments included in the scheduled maturities due are calculated using variable interest rates based on the LIBOR swap curve, plus the anticipated applicable margin.

Schedule of assets securing notes payable or held under capital leases

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Revenue equipment	$	325,562	$	326,823
Service, office, and other equipment		26,270		26,270
Total assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases		351,832		353,093
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization(1)		126,398		115,424
Net assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases	$	225,434	$	237,669

(1) Amortization of assets held under finance leases and depreciation of assets securing notes payable are included in depreciation expense.

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PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS

Summary of the components of net periodic benefit cost

	Three Months Ended March 31
	Supplemental				Postretirement
	Benefit Plan				Health Benefit Plan
	2021		2020		2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Service cost	$	—	$	—	$	48	$	47
Interest cost		1		3		107		144
Pension settlement expense(1)		—		89		—		—
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss(2)		2		4		(137)		(149)
Net periodic benefit cost(3)	$	3	$	96	$	18	$	42

(1) For the three months ended March 31, 2020, pension settlement expense for the supplemental benefit pension plan of $0.1 million (pre-tax), or $0.1 million (after-tax), was due to a $0.7 million benefit related to an officer retirement.

(2) The Company amortizes actuarial gains and losses over the average remaining active service period of the plan participants and does not use a corridor approach.

(3) Service cost is reported within operating expenses and the other components of net periodic benefit cost (including pension settlement expense) are reported within the other line item of other income (costs) in the consolidated statements of operations.

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Components of accumulated other comprehensive income

	March 31		December 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Pre-tax amounts:
Unrecognized net periodic benefit credit	$	4,255	$	4,390
Interest rate swap		(843)		(1,622)
Foreign currency translation		(735)		(1,182)
Total	$	2,677	$	1,586
After-tax amounts:
Unrecognized net periodic benefit credit	$	3,160	$	3,260
Interest rate swap		(623)		(1,198)
Foreign currency translation		(543)		(872)
Total	$	1,994	$	1,190

Summary of changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component

			Unrecognized			Interest	Foreign
			Net Periodic			Rate	Currency
	Total		Benefit Costs			Swap	Translation
	(in thousands)
Balances at December 31, 2020	$	1,190	$	3,260	$	(1,198)	$	(872)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications		904		—		575		329
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss		(100)		(100)		—		—
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)		804		(100)		575		329
Balances at March 31, 2021	$	1,994	$	3,160	$	(623)	$	(543)
Balances at December 31, 2019		203		2,152		(416)		(1,533)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications		(2,425)		(8)		(997)		(1,420)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income		(42)		(42)		—		—
Net current-period other comprehensive loss		(2,467)		(50)		(997)		(1,420)
Balances at March 31, 2020	$	(2,264)	$	2,102	$	(1,413)	$	(2,953)

Summary of the significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component

	Unrecognized Net Periodic
	Benefit Credit(1)(2)
	Three Months Ended March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Amortization of net actuarial gain	$	135	$	145
Pension settlement expense(3)		—		(89)
Total, pre-tax		135		56
Tax expense		(35)		(14)
Total, net of tax	$	100	$	42

(1) Amounts in parentheses indicate increases in expense or loss.

(2) These components of accumulated other comprehensive income are included in the computation of net periodic benefit cost as disclosed in Note G.

(3) For the three months ended March 31, 2020, pension settlement expense is related to the supplemental benefit plan (see Note G).

Summary of dividends declared

	2021				2020
	Per Share		Amount		Per Share		Amount
	(in thousands, except per share data)
First quarter	$	0.08	$	2,037	$	0.08	$	2,033

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EARNINGS PER SHARE (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Schedule of computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Basic
Numerator:
Net income	$	23,361	$	1,902
Effect of unvested restricted stock awards		—		(1)
Adjusted net income	$	23,361	$	1,901
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares		25,454,921		25,390,377
Earnings per common share	$	0.92	$	0.07
Diluted
Numerator:
Net income	$	23,361	$	1,902
Effect of unvested restricted stock awards		—		(1)
Adjusted net income	$	23,361	$	1,901
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares		25,454,921		25,390,377
Effect of dilutive securities		1,475,481		856,423
Adjusted weighted-average shares and assumed conversions		26,930,402		26,246,800
Earnings per common share	$	0.87	$	0.07

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OPERATING SEGMENT DATA (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2021

OPERATING SEGMENT DATA

Schedule of reportable operating segment information

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
REVENUES
Asset-Based	$	556,292	$	515,713
ArcBest		252,336		164,775
FleetNet		59,163		52,439
Other and eliminations		(38,578)		(31,528)
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399
OPERATING EXPENSES
Asset-Based
Salaries, wages, and benefits	$	285,694	$	283,838
Fuel, supplies, and expenses		60,841		61,225
Operating taxes and licenses		12,248		12,794
Insurance		8,939		7,824
Communications and utilities		4,970		4,711
Depreciation and amortization		23,484		23,270
Rents and purchased transportation		75,588		55,770
Shared services		55,866		48,885
Gain on sale of property and equipment(1)		(8,695)		(2,164)
Innovative technology costs(2)		6,868		4,533
Other		434		1,787
Total Asset-Based		526,237		502,473
ArcBest
Purchased transportation		210,995		137,182
Supplies and expenses		2,568		2,280
Depreciation and amortization		2,386		2,470
Shared services		26,072		21,727
Other		2,050		2,525
Total ArcBest		244,071		166,184
FleetNet		58,140		51,399
Other and eliminations		(31,426)		(26,476)
Total consolidated operating expenses	$	797,022	$	693,580
OPERATING INCOME
Asset-Based	$	30,055	$	13,240
ArcBest		8,265		(1,409)
FleetNet		1,023		1,040
Other and eliminations		(7,152)		(5,052)
Total consolidated operating income	$	32,191	$	7,819
OTHER INCOME (COSTS)
Interest and dividend income	$	392	$	1,375
Interest and other related financing costs		(2,428)		(2,947)
Other, net(3)		1,192		(3,862)
Total other income (costs)		(844)		(5,434)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	$	31,347	$	2,385

(1) The three months ended March 31, 2021 includes an $8.6 million gain on the sale of an unutilized service center property.

(2) Represents costs associated with the freight handling pilot test program at ABF Freight.

(3) Includes the components of net periodic benefit cost other than service cost related to the Company’s SBP and postretirement plans (see Note G) and proceeds and changes in cash surrender value of life insurance policies.

Schedule of revenues from customers and intersegment revenues

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
Revenues from customers
Asset-Based	$	529,724	$	495,728
ArcBest		250,241		162,948
FleetNet		48,434		41,744
Other		814		979
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399
Intersegment revenues
Asset-Based	$	26,568	$	19,985
ArcBest		2,095		1,827
FleetNet		10,729		10,695
Other and eliminations		(39,392)		(32,507)
Total intersegment revenues	$	—	$	—
Total segment revenues
Asset-Based	$	556,292	$	515,713
ArcBest		252,336		164,775
FleetNet		59,163		52,439
Other and eliminations		(38,578)		(31,528)
Total consolidated revenues	$	829,213	$	701,399

Schedule of consolidated operating expenses by component

	Three Months Ended
	March 31
	2021		2020
	(in thousands)
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries, wages, and benefits	$	359,395	$	344,946
Rents, purchased transportation, and other costs of services		309,338		217,028
Fuel, supplies, and expenses		73,149		71,773
Depreciation and amortization(1)		30,354		29,013
Other		24,786		30,820
	$	797,022	$	693,580

(1) Includes amortization of intangible assets.

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ORGANIZATION AND DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT PRESENTATION - Organization (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021 segment
Organization and description of business
Number of reportable operating segments	3
Asset Based
Organization and description of business
Percentage of the Company's revenues, before other revenues and intercompany eliminations, represented by the Asset-Based segment	64.00%
Asset Based | Unionized employees concentration risk | Number of employees
Organization and description of business
Percentage of Asset-Based segment employees covered under collective bargaining agreement with the IBT	82.00%

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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS - Cash and Cash Equivalents and Short-term Investments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Fair value disclosure
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 301,542	$ 303,954
Short-term investments	59,316	65,408
Concentrations of Credit Risk of Financial Instruments
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments not FDIC-insured	152,900	156,400
Cash deposits
Fair value disclosure
Cash and cash equivalents	236,380	240,687
Variable rate demand notes
Fair value disclosure
Cash and cash equivalents	29,161	29,066
Money market funds
Fair value disclosure
Cash and cash equivalents	36,001	34,201
Certificates of deposit
Fair value disclosure
Short-term investments	$ 59,316	53,297
U.S. Treasury securities
Fair value disclosure
Short-term investments		$ 12,111

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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS - Debt (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Carrying Value
Fair value disclosure
Financial instruments	$ 288,080	$ 305,623
Fair Value
Fair value disclosure
Financial instruments	294,643	312,749
Credit Facility | Carrying Value | Level 2
Fair value disclosure
Financial instruments	70,000	70,000
Credit Facility | Fair Value | Level 2
Fair value disclosure
Financial instruments	70,000	70,000
Notes payable | Carrying Value | Level 2
Fair value disclosure
Financial instruments	196,830	214,216
Notes payable | Fair Value | Level 2
Fair value disclosure
Financial instruments	$ 201,282	$ 217,226
New England Pension Fund withdrawal liability | Discount Rate
Fair value disclosure
Measurement input	0.034	0.026
New England Pension Fund withdrawal liability | Carrying Value | Level 2
Fair value disclosure
Financial instruments	$ 21,250	$ 21,407
New England Pension Fund withdrawal liability | Fair Value | Level 2
Fair value disclosure
Financial instruments	$ 23,361	$ 25,523

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FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS - Assets and Liabilities (Details) - Recurring basis - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Assets:
Assets	$ 39,369	$ 37,156
Cash and cash equivalents
Assets:
Money market funds	36,001	34,201
Other long-term assets
Assets:
Equity, bond, and money market mutual funds held in trust related to the Voluntary Savings Plan	3,017	2,955
Interest rate swaps	351
Other long-term liabilities
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap	1,194	1,622
Level 1
Assets:
Assets	39,018	37,156
Level 1 | Cash and cash equivalents
Assets:
Money market funds	36,001	34,201
Level 1 | Other long-term assets
Assets:
Equity, bond, and money market mutual funds held in trust related to the Voluntary Savings Plan	3,017	2,955
Level 2
Assets:
Assets	351
Level 2 | Other long-term assets
Assets:
Interest rate swaps	351
Level 2 | Other long-term liabilities
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap	$ 1,194	$ 1,622

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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Goodwill (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Goodwill by reportable operating segment
Goodwill	$ 88,320	$ 88,320
ArcBest
Goodwill by reportable operating segment
Goodwill	87,700	87,700
FleetNet
Goodwill by reportable operating segment
Goodwill	$ 600	$ 600

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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Intangible (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Finite-lived intangible assets
Weighted Average Amortization Period	14 years
Cost	$ 53,715	$ 53,701
Accumulated Amortization	31,987	31,020
Net Value	21,728	22,681
Total intangible assets
Cost	86,015	86,001
Net Value	54,028	54,981
Trade name
Indefinite-lived intangible assets
Net Value	$ 32,300	32,300
Customer relationships
Finite-lived intangible assets
Weighted Average Amortization Period	14 years
Cost	$ 52,721	52,721
Accumulated Amortization	31,429	30,477
Net Value	$ 21,292	22,244
Other intangible assets
Finite-lived intangible assets
Weighted Average Amortization Period	13 years
Cost	$ 994	980
Accumulated Amortization	558	543
Net Value	$ 436	$ 437

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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Amortization (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Future amortization for intangible assets
Remainder of 2021	$ 2,870
2022	3,815
2023	3,722
2024	3,689
2025	3,674
Thereafter	3,958
Net Value	$ 21,728	$ 22,681

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INCOME TAXES - Tax Rate (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
INCOME TAXES
Effective tax rate (as a percent)	25.50%	20.30%
State tax, low end of range of rate (as a percent)	6.00%
State tax, high end of range of rate (as a percent)	6.50%

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INCOME TAXES - Allowance (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Deferred tax assets:
Valuation allowance	$ 1.4	$ 1.3

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INCOME TAXES - Uncertain Tax Positions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
INCOME TAXES
Reserve for uncertain tax positions	$ 0.0	$ 0.9

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INCOME TAXES - Taxes Paid (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Federal and state
Income taxes
Income taxes paid (in dollars)	$ 6.5
Federal and state | Maximum
Income taxes
Income tax refunds received (in dollars)	$ 0.1
State and foreign
Income taxes
Income taxes paid (in dollars)		$ 0.3
Federal
Income taxes
Income tax refunds received (in dollars)		$ 0.4

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LEASES - Components of Lease Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
LEASES
Operating lease expense	$ 6,642	$ 5,796
Variable lease expense	1,332	1,040
Sublease income	(155)	(92)
Total operating lease expense	$ 7,819	$ 6,744

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LEASES - Cash flows (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Operating leases
Noncash change in operating right-of-use assets	$ 5,741	$ 5,815
Change in operating lease liabilities	(5,174)	(5,953)
Operating right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, net	567	(138)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$ (6,079)	$ (5,925)

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LEASES - Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Maturities of operating lease liabilities
Remainder of 2021	$ 18,816
2022	21,459
2023	17,248
2024	15,088
2025	12,561
Thereafter	43,109
Total lease payments	128,281
Less imputed interest	(12,176)
Total operating lease liabilities	116,105
Land and Structures
Maturities of operating lease liabilities
Remainder of 2021	18,748
2022	21,423
2023	17,223
2024	15,088
2025	12,561
Thereafter	43,109
Total lease payments	128,152
Less imputed interest	(12,174)
Total operating lease liabilities	115,978
Equipment and Others
Maturities of operating lease liabilities
Remainder of 2021	68
2022	36
2023	25
Total lease payments	129
Less imputed interest	(2)
Total operating lease liabilities	$ 127

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LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS - Summary (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Long-term debt obligations
Long-term debt	$ 266,837	$ 284,224
Less current portion	66,064	67,105
Long-term debt, less current portion	200,773	217,119
Payments under long-term debt obligations
2021	71,839
2022	60,650
2023	43,891
2024	98,088
2025	6,117
Total payments	280,585
Less amounts representing interest	13,748
Long-term debt	266,837	284,224
Credit Facility
Long-term debt obligations
Long-term debt	$ 70,000	70,000
Interest rate (as a percent)	1.20%
Payments under long-term debt obligations
2021	$ 899
2022	1,005
2023	1,362
2024	70,854
Total payments	74,120
Less amounts representing interest	4,120
Long-term debt	70,000	70,000
Credit Facility | Interest rate swap agreement, maturing on June 30, 2022
Long-term debt obligations
Amount of borrowings covered by the interest rate swap	$ 50,000	$ 50,000
Effective fixed interest rate on hedged borrowings (as a percent)	3.12%	3.12%
Notes payable
Long-term debt obligations
Long-term debt	$ 196,830	$ 214,216
Weighted-average interest rate (as a percent)	3.00%
Payments under long-term debt obligations
2021	$ 70,933
2022	59,645
2023	42,529
2024	27,234
2025	6,117
Total payments	206,458
Less amounts representing interest	9,628
Long-term debt	196,830	214,216
Finance lease obligations
Long-term debt obligations
Long-term debt	$ 7	8
Weighted-average interest rate (as a percent)	3.30%
Payments under long-term debt obligations
2021	$ 7
Total payments	7
Long-term debt	$ 7	$ 8

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LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS - Assets securing notes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Financing Arrangements
Total assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases	$ 351,832	$ 353,093
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	126,398	115,424
Net assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases	225,434	237,669
Revenue equipment
Financing Arrangements
Total assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases	325,562	326,823
Service, office, and other equipment
Financing Arrangements
Total assets securing notes payable or held under finance leases	$ 26,270	$ 26,270

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LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS - Credit Facility (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Financing Arrangements
Borrowings under credit facilities		$ 180,000
Repayment of debt	$ 17,387	$ 14,598
Credit Facility
Financing Arrangements
Maximum borrowing capacity	250,000
Additional borrowing capacity that may be requested	125,000
Remaining borrowing capacity	180,000
Swing Line Facility
Financing Arrangements
Maximum borrowing capacity	25,000
Letters of Credit, Sub-Facility
Financing Arrangements
Maximum borrowing capacity	$ 20,000

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LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS - Interest rate swaps (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Jun. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Jan. 02, 2020
Interest rate swap agreement, maturing on June 30, 2022
Financing Arrangements
Notional amount				$ 50.0
Fixed interest rate payments (as a percent)				1.99%
Interest rate swap agreement, maturing on June 30, 2022 | Other long-term liabilities
Financing Arrangements
Fair value of interest rate swap, liability		$ 1.2	$ 1.4
Interest rate swap agreement, maturing on June 30, 2022 | Credit Facility
Financing Arrangements
Amount of borrowings covered by the interest rate swap		$ 50.0	$ 50.0
Effective fixed interest rate on hedged borrowings (as a percent)		3.12%	3.12%
Amended interest rate swap agreement, maturing on October 1, 2024
Financing Arrangements
Notional amount		$ 50.0
Fixed interest rate payments (as a percent)		0.43%
Amended interest rate swap agreement, maturing on October 1, 2024 | Other long-term liabilities
Financing Arrangements
Fair value of interest rate swap, liability			$ 0.2
Amended interest rate swap agreement, maturing on October 1, 2024 | Other long-term assets
Financing Arrangements
Fair value of interest rate swap, asset		$ 0.4
Amended interest rate swap agreement, maturing on October 1, 2024 | Credit Facility | Forecast
Financing Arrangements
Amount of borrowings covered by the interest rate swap	$ 50.0
Effective fixed interest rate on hedged borrowings (as a percent)	1.56%

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LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS - Securitization program (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Financing Arrangements
Long-term debt	$ 266,837	$ 284,224
Outstanding letters of credit	12,300
Accounts receivable securitization borrowings
Financing Arrangements
Maximum borrowing capacity	125,000
Additional borrowing capacity that may be requested	25,000
Outstanding letters of credit	11,700
Remaining borrowing capacity	$ 113,300

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LONG-TERM DEBT AND FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS - Letters of credit & Surety bonds (Details) $ in Millions	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Financing Arrangements
Outstanding letters of credit	$ 12.3
Accounts receivable securitization borrowings
Financing Arrangements
Outstanding letters of credit	11.7
Surety bonds
Financing Arrangements
Outstanding surety bonds under uncollateralized bond programs	$ 61.6

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POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS - Components of cost (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Pension settlement expense		$ 89
Supplemental Benefit Plan
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Interest cost	$ 1	3
Pension settlement expense		89
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss	2	4
Net periodic benefit cost	3	96
Postretirement Health Benefit Plan
Components of net periodic benefit cost
Service cost	48	47
Interest cost	107	144
Amortization of net actuarial (gain) loss	(137)	(149)
Net periodic benefit cost	$ 18	$ 42

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POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS - Additional information (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Postretirement benefit plans
Pension settlement expense	$ 89
Pension settlement expense, net of tax	66
Supplemental Benefit Plan
Postretirement benefit plans
Benefit	700
Pension settlement expense	89
Pension settlement expense, net of tax	$ 100

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POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS - Multiemployer Plans (Details) - Nonunion Defined Benefit Pension Plan - Asset Based - plan	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Jan. 01, 2020
Multiemployer Plans
Number of multiemployer plans to which ABF Freight currently contributes	25
Maximum projected time to insolvency for plans in "critical and declining" status	14 years
Maximum projected time to insolvency for plans in "critical and declining" status if additional criteria apply	19 years
Threshold ratio of inactive to active participants for greater insolvency period to determine "critical and declining" status	2
Threshold funded percentage for greater insolvency period to determine "critical and declining" status	80.00%
Central States Pension Plan
Multiemployer Plans
Approximate proportion of multiemployer pension plan contributions (as a percent)	50.00%
Actuarially certified projected funded percentage of multiemployer pension plan		19.50%

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - AOCI (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Total after-tax amount	$ 851,909	$ 828,593	$ 759,206	$ 763,043
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Total pre-tax amount	2,677	1,586
Total after-tax amount	1,994	1,190	(2,264)	203
Unrecognized Net Periodic Benefit Credit
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Total pre-tax amount	4,255	4,390
Total after-tax amount	3,160	3,260	2,102	2,152
Interest Rate Swap
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Total pre-tax amount	(843)	(1,622)
Total after-tax amount	(623)	(1,198)	(1,413)	(416)
Foreign Currency Translation
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Total pre-tax amount	(735)	(1,182)
Total after-tax amount	$ (543)	$ (872)	$ (2,953)	$ (1,533)

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - AOCI components (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component
Balances	$ 828,593	$ 763,043
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), net of tax	804	(2,467)
Balances	851,909	759,206
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component
Balances	1,190	203
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	904	(2,425)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(100)	(42)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), net of tax	804	(2,467)
Balances	1,994	(2,264)
Unrecognized Net Periodic Benefit Credit
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component
Balances	3,260	2,152
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications		(8)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)	(100)	(42)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), net of tax	(100)	(50)
Balances	3,160	2,102
Interest Rate Swap
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component
Balances	(1,198)	(416)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	575	(997)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), net of tax	575	(997)
Balances	(623)	(1,413)
Foreign Currency Translation
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, by component
Balances	(872)	(1,533)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	329	(1,420)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), net of tax	329	(1,420)
Balances	$ (543)	$ (2,953)

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - Reclass (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Unrecognized Net Periodic Benefit Credit
Significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss by component
Total, pre-tax	$ 135	$ 56
Tax benefit (expense)	(35)	(14)
Total, net of tax	100	42
Amortization of net actuarial gain
Significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss by component
Total, pre-tax	$ 135	145
Pension settlement expense, including termination expense
Significant reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss by component
Total, pre-tax		$ (89)

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - Dividends (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
	Apr. 29, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Dividends on Common Stock
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)		$ 0.08	$ 0.08
Dividend Amount		$ 2,037	$ 2,033
Subsequent Event
Dividends on Common Stock
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.08

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STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY - Treasury Stock (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020	Jan. 28, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Treasury Stock
Aggregate cost of shares repurchased during the period	$ 1,001	$ 3,162
Stock Repurchase Program
Treasury Stock
Amount of stock repurchases authorized			$ 50,000
Number of shares repurchased during the period	14,923
Aggregate cost of shares repurchased during the period	$ 1,000
Amount available for repurchase	$ 49,000			$ 6,600

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EARNINGS PER SHARE - Basic and Diluted (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Basic, numerator:
Net income	$ 23,361	$ 1,902
Effect of unvested restricted stock unit awards		(1)
Adjusted net income	$ 23,361	$ 1,901
Basic, denominator:
Weighted-average shares	25,454,921	25,390,377
Earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.92	$ 0.07
Diluted, numerator:
Net income	$ 23,361	$ 1,902
Effect of unvested restricted stock unit awards		(1)
Adjusted net income	$ 23,361	$ 1,901
Diluted, denominator:
Weighted-average shares	25,454,921	25,390,377
Effect of dilutive securities	1,475,481	856,423
Adjusted weighted-average shares and assumed conversions	26,930,402	26,246,800
Earnings per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.87	$ 0.07

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OPERATING SEGMENT DATA - Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Revenues
Revenues	$ 829,213	$ 701,399
Asset Based
Revenues
Revenues	529,724	495,728
ArcBest
Revenues
Revenues	250,241	162,948
FleetNet
Revenues
Revenues	48,434	41,744
Operating Segments | Asset Based
Revenues
Revenues	556,292	515,713
Operating Segments | ArcBest
Revenues
Revenues	252,336	164,775
Operating Segments | FleetNet
Revenues
Revenues	59,163	52,439
Other and eliminations
Revenues
Revenues	$ (38,578)	$ (31,528)

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OPERATING SEGMENT DATA - Operating expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries, wages, and benefits	$ 359,395	$ 344,946
Fuel, supplies, and expenses	73,149	71,773
Depreciation and amortization	30,354	29,013
Gain on sale of property and equipment	(8,635)	(2,130)
Other	24,786	30,820
Total consolidated operating expenses	797,022	693,580
Operating Segments | Asset Based
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries, wages, and benefits	285,694	283,838
Fuel, supplies, and expenses	60,841	61,225
Operating taxes and licenses	12,248	12,794
Insurance	8,939	7,824
Communications and utilities	4,970	4,711
Depreciation and amortization	23,484	23,270
Rents and purchased transportation	75,588	55,770
Shared services	55,866	48,885
Gain on sale of property and equipment	(8,695)	(2,164)
Innovative technology costs	6,868	4,533
Other	434	1,787
Total consolidated operating expenses	526,237	502,473
Operating Segments | Asset Based | Land and structures (service centers)
OPERATING EXPENSES
Gain on sale of property and equipment	(8,600)
Operating Segments | ArcBest
OPERATING EXPENSES
Purchased transportation	210,995	137,182
Supplies and expenses	2,568	2,280
Depreciation and amortization	2,386	2,470
Shared services	26,072	21,727
Other	2,050	2,525
Total consolidated operating expenses	244,071	166,184
Operating Segments | FleetNet
OPERATING EXPENSES
Total consolidated operating expenses	58,140	51,399
Other and eliminations
OPERATING EXPENSES
Total consolidated operating expenses	$ (31,426)	$ (26,476)

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OPERATING SEGMENT DATA - Income (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
OPERATING INCOME
Operating income	$ 32,191	$ 7,819
OTHER INCOME (COSTS)
Interest and dividend income	392	1,375
Interest and other related financing costs	(2,428)	(2,947)
Other, net	1,192	(3,862)
TOTAL OTHER INCOME (COSTS)	(844)	(5,434)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	31,347	2,385
Operating Segments | Asset Based
OPERATING INCOME
Operating income	30,055	13,240
Operating Segments | ArcBest
OPERATING INCOME
Operating income	8,265	(1,409)
Operating Segments | FleetNet
OPERATING INCOME
Operating income	1,023	1,040
Other and eliminations
OPERATING INCOME
Operating income	$ (7,152)	$ (5,052)

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OPERATING SEGMENT DATA - Revenue from customers (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
Revenues
Revenues	$ 829,213	$ 701,399
Asset Based
Revenues
Revenues	529,724	495,728
ArcBest
Revenues
Revenues	250,241	162,948
FleetNet
Revenues
Revenues	48,434	41,744
Other
Revenues
Revenues	814	979
Operating Segments | Asset Based
Revenues
Revenues	556,292	515,713
Operating Segments | ArcBest
Revenues
Revenues	252,336	164,775
Operating Segments | FleetNet
Revenues
Revenues	59,163	52,439
Other and eliminations
Revenues
Revenues	(38,578)	(31,528)
Intersegment revenues
Revenues
Revenues	(39,392)	(32,507)
Intersegment revenues | Asset Based
Revenues
Revenues	(26,568)	(19,985)
Intersegment revenues | ArcBest
Revenues
Revenues	(2,095)	(1,827)
Intersegment revenues | FleetNet
Revenues
Revenues	$ (10,729)	$ (10,695)

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OPERATING SEGMENT DATA - Operating Expenses by Category (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2020
OPERATING EXPENSES
Salaries, wages, and benefits	$ 359,395	$ 344,946
Rents, purchased transportation, and other costs of services	309,338	217,028
Fuel, supplies, and expenses	73,149	71,773
Depreciation and amortization	30,354	29,013
Other	24,786	30,820
Total consolidated operating expenses	$ 797,022	$ 693,580