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Income Taxes (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 29, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign
For financial reporting purposes, income before income taxes includes the following components:
 
Year Ended
(In thousands)
December 29, 2019
 
December 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Income before income tax expense (benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
$
21,345

 
$
19,552

 
$
25,617

Foreign
45,003

 
100,805

 
103,804

Total income before income tax expense (benefit)
$
66,348

 
$
120,357

 
$
129,421
Income tax expense (benefit) for income taxes
Income tax expense (benefit) for income taxes consists of the following:
 
Year Ended
(In thousands)
December 29, 2019
 
December 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Current income tax expense (benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
$
7,600

 
$
7,997

 
$
7,293

Foreign
6,417

 
5,253

 
(623
)
Total current income tax expense:
14,017

 
13,250

 
6,670

 
 
 
 
 
 
Deferred income tax expense (benefit):
 
 
 
 
 
Canada
1,497

 
122

 
(22,287
)
Foreign
1,795

 
10,441

 
(11,943
)
Total deferred income tax expense (benefit):
3,292

 
10,563

 
(34,230
)
Income tax expense (benefit)
$
17,309

 
$
23,813

 
$
(27,560
)
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation A summary of the differences between expected income tax expense calculated at the Canadian statutory rate and the reported consolidated income tax expense (benefit) follows:
 
Year Ended
(In thousands)
December 29, 2019
 
December 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Income tax expense computed at statutory income tax rate
$
17,702

 
$
31,895

 
$
34,477

Foreign rate differential
(4,503
)
 
(4,926
)
 
2,772

Permanent differences
1,195

 
(1,822
)
 
1,527

Disposal of subsidiaries
2,751

 
(21
)
 
(160
)
Income attributable to a permanent establishment
148

 
1,873

 
347

Change in valuation allowance
(1,463
)
 
3,878

 
(27,603
)
Tax exempt income
(2,451
)
 
(5,673
)
 
(6,469
)
Share based compensation
(341
)
 
(737
)
 
(7,583
)
Income tax credits
(1,869
)
 
(3,252
)
 
(1,833
)
Foreign exchange gains (losses)
(991
)
 
(2,683
)
 
770

Unrecognized tax benefits
(848
)
 
646

 
(116
)
Change in tax rate
267

 
(284
)
 
1,209

Change in tax rate due to U.S. reform
—

 
—

 
(27,138
)
Limitation on executive compensation
773

 
2,038

 
—

Withholding and other taxes
2,006

 
3,631

 
1,943

Nondeductible interest
4,814

 
—

 
—

Other
119

 
(750
)
 
297

Income tax expense (benefit)
$
17,309

 
$
23,813

 
$
(27,560
)
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are presented below:
 
Year Ended
(In thousands)
December 29, 2019
 
December 30, 2018
Deferred tax assets:
 
 
 
Non-capital loss carryforwards
$
23,363

 
$
24,536

Capital loss carryforwards
9,740

 
12,674

Deferred interest expense
10,181

 
8,990

Pension and post-retirement liability
925

 
3,410

Accruals and reserves currently not deductible for tax purposes
19,222

 
16,683

Share based compensation
3,220

 
3,314

Income tax credits
6,632

 
5,694

Lease right-of-use assets
40,921

 
—

Other
2,075

 
2,114

Total deferred tax assets
116,279

 
77,415

Valuation allowance
(15,569
)
 
(16,373
)
Total deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
100,710

 
61,042

Deferred tax liabilities:
 
 
 
Plant and equipment
(77,882
)
 
(64,831
)
Intangibles
(32,491
)
 
(35,740
)
Basis difference in subsidiaries
(7,771
)
 
(7,070
)
Unrealized foreign exchange gain
(328
)
 
(5,102
)
Lease liabilities
(37,930
)
 
—

Other
(1,828
)
 
(1,912
)
Total deferred tax liabilities
(158,230
)
 
(114,655
)
Net deferred tax liability
$
(57,520
)
 
$
(53,613
)
Summary of Valuation Allowance
The following is a rollforward of the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets:
 
Year Ended
(In thousands)
December 29, 2019
 
December 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Balance at beginning of period
$
16,373

 
$
13,912

 
$
36,800

Additions charged to expense and other
2,863

 
12,590

 
5,566

Deductions
(3,667
)
 
(10,129
)
 
(28,454
)
Balance at end of period
$
15,569

 
$
16,373

 
$
13,912
Summary of Operating Loss Carryforwards We can apply these losses against future taxable income based on the period of expiration as follows:
(In thousands)
Canada
 
Other Foreign
 
Total
2020-2027
$
—

 
$
5,876

 
$
5,876

2028-2040
60,605

 
—

 
60,605

Indefinitely
—

 
23,160

 
23,160

Total tax losses carried forward
$
60,605

 
$
29,036

 
$
89,641
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward The changes to our unrecognized tax benefits were as follows:
 
Year Ended
(In thousands)
December 29, 2019
 
December 30, 2018
 
December 31, 2017
Unrecognized tax benefit at beginning of period
$
9,084

 
$
8,560

 
$
9,004

Gross increases in tax positions in current period
46

 
508

 
1,208

Gross decreases in tax positions in prior period
(973
)
 
(244
)
 
(464
)
Gross increases in tax positions in prior period
—

 
274

 
1,336

Lapse of statute of limitations
(1
)
 
(14
)
 
(17
)
Decrease due to change in tax rate
—

 
—

 
(2,507
)
Unrecognized tax benefit at end of period
$
8,156

 
$
9,084

 
$
8,560