Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Business Overview and Significant Accounting Policies

Business Overview

We provide mortgage insurance on first-lien mortgage loans, and products and services to the real estate and mortgage finance industries through our two business segments—Mortgage Insurance and Services.

Mortgage Insurance

Our Mortgage Insurance segment provides credit-related insurance coverage, principally through private mortgage insurance, to mortgage lending institutions nationwide. Private mortgage insurance plays an important role in the U.S. housing finance system because it helps protect mortgage lenders and third-party beneficiaries by mitigating default-related losses on residential mortgage loans. Generally, these loans are made to home buyers who make down payments of less than 20% of the home’s purchase price or, in the case of refinancings, have less than 20% equity in the home. Private mortgage insurance also facilitates the sale of these low down payment loans in the secondary mortgage market, most of which are sold to the GSEs.

Our Mortgage Insurance segment currently offers primary mortgage insurance coverage on residential first-lien mortgage loans, which comprised 98.2% of our $51.2 billion total direct RIF as of September 30, 2017. At September 30, 2017, Pool Insurance represented 1.6% of our total direct RIF. We provide our mortgage insurance products mainly through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Radian Guaranty.

The GSEs and state insurance regulators impose various capital and financial requirements on our insurance subsidiaries. These include Risk-to-capital, other risk-based capital measures and surplus requirements, as well as the PMIERs financial requirements. Failure to comply with these capital and financial requirements could limit the amount of insurance that our insurance subsidiaries may write. The GSEs and state insurance regulators also possess significant discretion with respect to our insurance subsidiaries and their business. See Note 15 for additional regulatory information.

Private mortgage insurers, including Radian Guaranty, are required to comply with the PMIERs to remain eligible insurers of loans purchased by the GSEs. At September 30, 2017, Radian Guaranty is an approved mortgage insurer under the PMIERs and is in compliance with the PMIERs financial requirements.

The PMIERs are comprehensive, covering virtually all aspects of a private mortgage insurer’s business and operations, including internal risk management and quality controls, the relationship between the GSEs and the approved insurer as well as the approved insurer’s financial condition. The GSEs have a broad range of consent rights to approve various actions of the approved insurer. If Radian Guaranty is unable to satisfy the requirements set forth in the PMIERs, the GSEs could restrict it from conducting certain types of business with them or take actions that may include not purchasing loans insured by Radian Guaranty. See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K for additional information about the PMIERs.

The PMIERs specifically provide that the factors that are applied to determine a mortgage insurer’s Minimum Required Assets may be updated every two years. The GSEs have informed us that they expect updates to the PMIERs will become effective in the fourth quarter of 2018. Based on this timing, we would expect to receive a draft of the recommended changes later this year and then to engage in an iterative review process with the GSEs and FHFA before the updated PMIERs are finalized. The GSEs will provide approved insurers with an implementation period of at least 180 days after the updated requirements are finalized and prior to their effective date. While we have not received a draft of the changes to the PMIERs to date, it is reasonably possible that updates to the PMIERs could, among other things, result in a material increase to Radian Guaranty’s capital requirements under the PMIERs financial requirements.

Services

Our Services segment provides services and solutions to participants in multiple facets of the residential real estate and mortgage finance markets. Our Services business is a fee-for-service business that provides outsourced services to buyers and sellers of, and investors in, mortgage- and real estate-related loans and securities as well as other consumer ABS.

2017 Developments

Capital and Liquidity Actions. During the third quarter of 2017, we completed the following transactions:


•	the issuance of $450 million aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes due 2024; and


•	tender offers resulting in the purchases of aggregate principal amounts of $141.4 million, $115.9 million and $152.3 million of our Senior Notes due 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively.

The purchases of Senior Notes due 2019, 2020 and 2021 resulted in a pretax charge of $45.8 million during the third quarter of 2017, recorded as a loss on induced conversion and debt extinguishment. See Note 11 for additional information.

On August 9, 2017, Radian Group’s board of directors renewed its share repurchase program that enables the Company to repurchase its common stock. The current authorization allows the Company to spend up to $50 million to repurchase Radian Group common stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, based on market and business conditions, stock price and other factors. See Note 13 for additional information.

During the second quarter of 2017, we purchased an aggregate principal amount of $21.6 million of our outstanding Convertible Senior Notes due 2017. These purchases of Convertible Senior Notes due 2017 resulted in a loss on induced conversion and debt extinguishment of $1.2 million.

On January 27, 2017, we settled our obligations with respect to the remaining $68.0 million aggregate principal amount of our Convertible Senior Notes due 2019, resulting in a loss on induced conversion and debt extinguishment of $4.5 million. As of the settlement date, this transaction resulted in an aggregate decrease of 6.4 million diluted shares for purposes of determining diluted net income per share. See Note 11 for additional information on our transactions related to long-term debt.

Restructuring and Other Exit Costs. Based on our strategic assessment of the Services business, on September 5, 2017, the Company committed to a plan to restructure the Services business and incurred pretax restructuring charges of $12.0 million in the third quarter of 2017, including $5.4 million in cash payments. Additional pretax charges of approximately $7.5 million, including approximately $6.0 million in cash payments, are expected to be recognized within the next 12 months. The total restructuring charges of approximately $19.5 million are expected to consist of: (i) asset impairment charges of approximately $8.1 million; (ii) employee severance and benefit costs of approximately $6.9 million; (iii) facility and lease termination costs of approximately $2.7 million; and (iv) contract termination and other restructuring costs of approximately $1.8 million. See Note 6 for additional information, including the events that led to the restructuring decision.

Impairment of Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. During the second quarter of 2017, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $184.4 million, as well as an impairment charge for other intangible assets of $15.8 million, in each case related to our Services segment. These charges were primarily due to changes in expectations regarding the future growth of certain Services product lines resulting from changes in our business strategy, combined with market trends observed during the second quarter of 2017 that we expect to persist. As of September 30, 2017 the remaining balances of goodwill and other intangible assets reported in our condensed consolidated balance sheet were $10.9 million and $56.0 million, respectively. See Note 6 for additional information.

Developments Subsequent to September 30, 2017. For information on transactions that occurred subsequent to September 30, 2017, see Note 16.

Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Radian Group Inc. and its subsidiaries. We refer to Radian Group Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries as “Radian,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our,” unless the context requires otherwise. We generally refer to Radian Group Inc. alone, without its consolidated subsidiaries, as “Radian Group.” Unless otherwise defined in this report, certain terms and acronyms used throughout this report are defined in the Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms included as part of this report.

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and include the accounts of all wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions, and intercompany profits and losses, have been eliminated. We have condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP pursuant to the instructions set forth in Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC.

The financial information presented for interim periods is unaudited; however, such information reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair statement of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from our audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2016 Form 10-K. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or for any other period. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of our contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. While the amounts included in our condensed consolidated financial statements include our best estimates and assumptions, actual results may vary materially.

Other Significant Accounting Policies

See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K for information regarding other significant accounting policies. There have been no significant changes in our significant accounting policies from those discussed in our 2016 Form 10-K, other than described below.

Securities Lending Agreements. Securities lending agreements, in which we loan certain securities in our investment portfolio to third parties for short periods of time, are treated as collateralized financing arrangements on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. In all of our securities lending agreements, the securities that we transfer to Borrowers (loaned securities) may be transferred or loaned by the Borrowers; however, we maintain effective control over all loaned securities, including: (i) retaining ownership of the securities; (ii) receiving the related investment or other income; and (iii) having the right to request the return of the loaned securities at any time. We report such securities within other assets in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We receive cash or other securities as collateral for such loaned securities. Any cash collateral may be invested in liquid assets. Cash collateral, which is reinvested for our benefit by the intermediary in accordance with the investment guidelines contained in the securities lending and collateral agreements, is reflected in short-term investments, with an offsetting liability recognized in other liabilities for the obligation to return the cash collateral to the Borrower. Securities collateral we receive from Borrowers is held on deposit for the Borrower’s benefit and we may not transfer or loan such securities collateral unless the Borrower is in default. Therefore, such securities collateral is not reflected in our condensed consolidated financial statements given that the risks and rewards of ownership are not transferred to us from the Borrowers. See Note 5 for additional information.

Fees received and paid in connection with securities lending agreements are recorded in net investment income and interest expense, respectively, on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Restructuring and Other Exit Costs. Restructuring and other exit costs include items such as asset impairment charges, employee severance and benefit costs, facility and lease termination costs, contract terminations and other costs of restructuring or exiting activities. The timing of the future expense and associated cash payments for restructuring and other exit costs is dependent on the type of exit cost and is expected to be completed within the next 12 months. We review assets for impairment in accordance with the accounting guidance for long-lived assets. Generally, our employee severance and benefit costs are part of the Company’s ongoing benefit arrangement and are recognized when probable and estimable. A liability for facility and lease contract termination costs is recognized at the date we cease the use of rights conveyed by the contract and is measured at its fair value, which is determined based on the remaining contractual lease rentals reduced by estimated sublease rentals. Other contract termination and exit costs include future costs that will be incurred, which are recognized in total when they no longer will benefit the Company. The liabilities for restructuring and other exit costs are recorded in other liabilities.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net. In performing the quantitative analysis for our goodwill impairment test as of June 30, 2017, we elected to early adopt the update to the accounting standard regarding goodwill and other intangibles, as discussed in “—Accounting Standards Adopted During 2017” below. This update simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating step two of the goodwill impairment test. Under the new guidance, if indicators for impairment are present, we perform a quantitative analysis to evaluate our long-lived assets for potential impairment, and then determine the amount of the goodwill impairment by comparing a reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying amount. After adjusting the carrying value for any impairment of other intangibles or long-lived assets, an impairment charge is recognized for any excess of the reporting unit’s carrying amount over the reporting unit’s estimated fair value, up to the full amount of the goodwill allocated to the reporting unit.

Other than the change to adopt the update to the accounting standard that eliminates step two of the goodwill impairment test, as described above, our accounting policy with regard to goodwill and other intangible assets has remained unchanged from that described in Notes 2 and 7 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Adopted During 2017. In March 2016, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standards for share-based payment transactions, including: (i) accounting for income taxes; (ii) classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows; (iii) forfeitures; (iv) minimum statutory tax withholding requirements; (v) classification of employee taxes paid on the statement of cash flows when an employer withholds shares for tax withholding purposes; (vi) the practical expedient for estimating the expected term; and (vii) intrinsic value. Among other things, the update requires: (i) all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement as they occur; (ii) recognition of excess tax benefits, regardless of whether the benefits reduce taxes payable in the current period; and (iii) excess tax benefits to be classified along with other cash flows as an operating activity, rather than separated from other income tax cash flows as a financing activity. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. Our adoption of this update, effective January 1, 2017, had an immaterial impact on our financial statements at implementation. As a result of implementing this new standard, however, we expect the potential for limited increased volatility in our effective tax rate and net earnings, and possible additional dilution in earnings per share calculations.

In January 2017, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding goodwill and other intangibles. This update simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating step two of the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity should perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognize an impairment charge for any excess of the reporting unit’s carrying amount over the reporting unit’s estimated fair value, after adjusting the carrying value for any impairment of other intangibles or long-lived assets. The provisions of this update are effective for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. We elected to early adopt this update to perform the quantitative analysis for our goodwill impairment test as of June 30, 2017. See “—Other Significant Accounting Policies” above and Note 6 for additional information.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted. In May 2014, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding revenue recognition. In accordance with the new standard, recognition of revenue occurs when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the new standard requires that reporting companies disclose the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. This update is not expected to change revenue recognition principles related to our investments and insurance products, which combined represent a significant portion of our total revenues. This update is primarily applicable to revenues from our Services segment. In July 2015, the FASB delayed the effective date for this updated standard for public companies to interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and subsequently issued various clarifying updates. Early adoption is permitted. This standard permits the use of either the full retrospective or the modified retrospective transition method. We currently anticipate using the modified retrospective method of adoption, with the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance recognized at the date of adoption. We have reviewed current accounting policies and key contracts that are representative of our various products and services within the Services segment and are in the process of comparing our historical accounting policies and practices to the requirements of the new guidance. We are identifying potential differences resulting from applying the new requirements to our contracts and updating our accounting policy. While we anticipate differences in timing of revenue recognition, we do not expect the impact to be material to our financial statements. We are also in the process of evaluating new disclosure requirements and identifying appropriate changes to our business processes, systems and controls to support recognition and disclosure under the new guidance.

In January 2016, the FASB issued an update that makes certain changes to the standard for the accounting of financial instruments. Among other things, the update requires: (i) equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income (loss); (ii) the use of the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; (iii) separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset; and (iv) separate presentation in other comprehensive income of the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk (also referred to as “own credit”) when the organization has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments. The update also eliminates the requirement to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is not permitted, with the exception of the “own credit” provision. We are currently evaluating the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In February 2016, the FASB issued an update that replaces the existing accounting and disclosure requirements for leases of property, plant and equipment. The update requires lessees to recognize, as of the lease commencement date, assets and liabilities for all leases with lease terms of more than 12 months, which is a change from the current GAAP requirement to recognize only capital leases on the balance sheet. Pursuant to the new standard, the liability initially recognized for the lease obligation is equal to the present value of the lease payments not yet made, discounted over the lease term at the implicit interest rate of the lease, if available, or otherwise at the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate. The lessee is also required to recognize an asset for its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term, based on the liability subject to certain adjustments, such as for initial direct costs. Leases are required to be classified as either operating or finance, with expense on operating leases recorded as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis. For finance leases, interest expense on the lease liability is required to be recognized separately from the straight-line amortization of the right-of-use asset. Quantitative disclosures are required for certain items, including the cost of leases, the weighted-average remaining lease term, the weighted-average discount rate and a maturity analysis of lease liabilities. Additional qualitative disclosures are also required regarding the nature of the leases, such as basis, terms and conditions of: (i) variable interest payments; (ii) extension and termination options; and (iii) residual value guarantees. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The new standard must be adopted by applying the new guidance as of the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented, using a modified retrospective transition approach with certain optional practical expedients. We are currently evaluating the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In June 2016, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. This update requires that financial assets measured at their amortized cost basis be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities are to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses, rather than a write-down of the asset, with the amount of the allowance limited to the amount by which fair value is less than amortized cost. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In October 2016, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding the accounting for income taxes. This update requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. This update will be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in the first interim period of the adoption year. We have concluded there is currently no impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In March 2017, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding receivables. The new standard requires certain premiums on purchased callable debt securities to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amortization period for callable debt securities purchased at a discount will not be impacted. The provisions of this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We are currently evaluating the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.