Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements—Business Overview and Significant Accounting Policies

Business Overview

We provide mortgage insurance on first-lien mortgage loans, and products and services to the real estate and mortgage finance industries through our two business segments—Mortgage Insurance and Services.

Mortgage Insurance

Our Mortgage Insurance segment provides credit-related insurance coverage, principally through private mortgage insurance, to mortgage lending institutions nationwide. Private mortgage insurance helps protect mortgage lenders and third-party beneficiaries by mitigating default-related losses on residential mortgage loans. Generally, these loans are made to home buyers who make down payments of less than 20% of the purchase price for their homes. Private mortgage insurance also facilitates the sale of these low down payment mortgage loans in the secondary mortgage market, most of which are sold to the GSEs.

Our Mortgage Insurance segment currently offers primary mortgage insurance coverage on residential first-lien mortgage loans, which comprised 98.0% of our $48.4 billion total direct RIF as of March 31, 2017. At March 31, 2017, Pool Insurance represented 1.9% of our total direct RIF. We provide our mortgage insurance products and services mainly through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Radian Guaranty.

The GSEs and state insurance regulators impose various capital and financial requirements on our insurance subsidiaries. These include Risk-to-capital, other risk-based capital measures and surplus requirements, as well as the PMIERs financial requirements. Failure to comply with these capital and financial requirements may limit the amount of insurance that our insurance subsidiaries may write. The GSEs and state insurance regulators also possess significant discretion with respect to our insurance subsidiaries and their business. See Note 15 for additional regulatory information.

Private mortgage insurers, including Radian Guaranty, are required to comply with the PMIERs to remain eligible insurers of loans purchased by the GSEs. At March 31, 2017, Radian Guaranty is an approved mortgage insurer under the PMIERs and is in compliance with the PMIERs financial requirements.

The PMIERs are comprehensive, covering virtually all aspects of a private mortgage insurer’s business and operations, including internal risk management and quality controls, the relationship between the GSEs and the approved insurer as well as the approved insurer’s financial condition. The GSEs have a broad range of consent rights to approve various actions of the approved insurer. If Radian Guaranty is unable to satisfy the requirements set forth in the PMIERs, the GSEs could restrict it from conducting certain types of business with them or take actions that may include not purchasing loans insured by Radian Guaranty. See Note 1 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K for additional information about the PMIERs.

Services

Our Services segment provides services and solutions to the real estate and mortgage finance industries. Our Services segment provides analytics and outsourced services, including residential loan due diligence and underwriting, valuations, servicing surveillance, title and escrow, and consulting services. We provide these services to buyers and sellers of, and investors in, mortgage- and real estate-related loans and securities as well as other consumer ABS. These services and solutions are provided primarily through Clayton and its subsidiaries, including Green River Capital, Red Bell and ValuAmerica. The primary lines of business in our Services segment include:


•	loan review, underwriting and due diligence;


•	real estate valuation and component services that provide outsourcing and technology solutions for the SFR and residential real estate markets, as well as outsourced solutions for appraisal, title and closing services;


•	surveillance services, including surveillance services for RMBS and other consumer ABS, loan servicer oversight, loan-level servicing compliance reviews and operational reviews of mortgage servicers and originators;


•	REO management services; and


•	services for the United Kingdom and European mortgage markets through our EuroRisk operations.

First Quarter 2017 Developments

During the first quarter of 2017, we settled our obligations on the remaining $68.0 million aggregate principal amount of our Convertible Senior Notes due 2019. The obligations were settled on January 27, 2017 for a cash payment of $110.1 million and resulted in a loss on induced conversion and debt extinguishment of $4.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017. As of the settlement date, this transaction resulted in an aggregate decrease of 6.4 million diluted shares for purposes of determining diluted net income per share. See Note 11 for additional information.

Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Our condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Radian Group Inc. and its subsidiaries. We refer to Radian Group Inc. together with its consolidated subsidiaries as “Radian,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our,” unless the context requires otherwise. We generally refer to Radian Group Inc. alone, without its consolidated subsidiaries, as “Radian Group.” Unless otherwise defined in this report, certain terms and acronyms used throughout this report are defined in the Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms included as part of this report.

Our condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and include the accounts of all wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions, and intercompany profits and losses, have been eliminated. We have condensed or omitted certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP pursuant to the instructions set forth in Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC.

The financial information presented for interim periods is unaudited; however, such information reflects all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for the fair statement of the financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income and cash flows for the interim periods presented. Such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The year-end condensed balance sheet data was derived from our audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. These interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and notes thereto included in our 2016 Form 10-K. The results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year or for any other period. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period presentation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of our contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. While the amounts included in our condensed consolidated financial statements include our best estimates and assumptions, actual results may vary materially.

Other Significant Accounting Policies

See Note 2 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2016 Form 10-K for information regarding other significant accounting policies.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Standards Adopted During 2017. In March 2016, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standards for share-based payment transactions, including: (i) accounting for income taxes; (ii) classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows; (iii) forfeitures; (iv) minimum statutory tax withholding requirements; (v) classification of employee taxes paid on the statement of cash flows when an employer withholds shares for tax withholding purposes; (vi) the practical expedient for estimating the expected term; and (vii) intrinsic value. Among other things, the update requires: (i) all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies to be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement as they occur; (ii) recognition of excess tax benefits, regardless of whether the benefits reduce taxes payable in the current period; and (iii) excess tax benefits to be classified along with other cash flows as an operating activity, rather than separated from other income tax cash flows as a financing activity. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. Our adoption of this update, effective January 1, 2017, had an immaterial impact on our financial statements at implementation. As a result of implementing this new standard, however, we expect the potential for limited increased volatility in our effective tax rate and net earnings, and possible additional dilution in earnings per share calculations.

Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted. In May 2014, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding revenue recognition. In accordance with the new standard, recognition of revenue occurs when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services, in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, the new standard requires that reporting companies disclose the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. This update is not expected to change revenue recognition principles related to our investments and insurance products, which combined represent a significant portion of our total revenues. This update is primarily applicable to revenues from our Services segment. In July 2015, the FASB delayed the effective date for this updated standard for public companies to interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and subsequently issued various clarifying updates. Early adoption is permitted. This standard permits the use of the retrospective or cumulative effective transition method. We are currently in the process of categorizing the Services revenues to evaluate the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of the updates.

In January 2016, the FASB issued an update that makes certain changes to the standard for the accounting of financial instruments. Among other things, the update requires: (i) equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; (ii) the use of the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; (iii) separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset; and (iv) separate presentation in other comprehensive income of the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk (also referred to as “own credit”) when the organization has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments. The update also eliminates the requirement to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is not permitted, with the exception of the “own credit” provision. We are currently evaluating the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update, but we do not expect the impact to be material due to our currently insignificant investments in equity securities and our investment strategy.

In February 2016, the FASB issued an update that replaces the existing accounting and disclosure requirements for leases of property, plant and equipment. The update requires lessees to recognize, as of the lease commencement date, assets and liabilities for all leases with lease terms of more than 12 months, which is a change from the current GAAP requirement to recognize only capital leases on the balance sheet. Pursuant to the new standard, the liability initially recognized for the lease obligation is equal to the present value of the lease payments not yet made, discounted over the lease term at the implicit interest rate of the lease, if available, or otherwise at the lessee’s incremental borrowing rate. The lessee is also required to recognize an asset for its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term, based on the liability subject to certain adjustments, such as for initial direct costs. Leases are required to be classified as either operating or finance, with expense on operating leases recorded as a single lease cost on a straight-line basis. For finance leases, interest expense on the lease liability is required to be recognized separately from the straight-line amortization of the right-of-use asset. Quantitative disclosures are required for certain items, including the cost of leases, the weighted-average remaining lease term, the weighted-average discount rate and a maturity analysis of lease liabilities. Additional qualitative disclosures are also required regarding the nature of the leases, such as basis, terms and conditions of: (i) variable interest payments; (ii) extension and termination options; and (iii) residual value guarantees. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The new standard must be adopted by applying the new guidance as of the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented, using a modified retrospective transition approach with certain optional practical expedients. We are currently evaluating the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In June 2016, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. This update requires that financial assets measured at their amortized cost basis be presented at the net (of allowance for credit losses) amount expected to be collected. Credit losses relating to available-for-sale debt securities are to be recorded through an allowance for credit losses, rather than a write-down of the asset, with the amount of the allowance limited to the amount by which fair value is less than amortized cost. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted as of the fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are currently evaluating the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In October 2016, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding the accounting for income taxes. This update requires an entity to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs. This update will be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. This update is effective for public companies for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in the first interim period of the adoption year. We are currently evaluating the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.

In January 2017, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding goodwill and other intangibles. This update simplifies the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating step two of the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity should perform its annual or interim goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognize an impairment charge for any excess of the reporting unit’s carrying amount over the reporting unit’s estimated fair value. The provisions of this update are effective for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed after January 1, 2017. We intend to early adopt this update, effective as of our next quantitative goodwill impairment test.

In March 2017, the FASB issued an update to the accounting standard regarding receivables. The new standard requires certain premiums on purchased callable debt securities to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amortization period for callable debt securities purchased at a discount will not be impacted. The provisions of this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We are currently evaluating the impact to our financial statements and future disclosures as a result of this update.