XML 42 R28.htm IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT v3.19.1
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies  
Basis of presentation

Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Glen Burnie Bancorp, The Bank of Glen Burnie and GBB Properties, Inc., a company engaged in the acquisition and disposition of other real estate.  All significant intercompany transactions are eliminated in consolidation and certain reclassifications are made when necessary in order to conform the previous year’s financial statements to the current year’s presentation.  In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the Company is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reporting periods and related disclosures.  These estimates that require application of management's subjective or complex judgments often result in the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in future periods.  Management has made significant estimates in several areas, including the valuation of certain loans held for investment (Note 4, Loans and Allowance); allowance for credit losses (Note 4, Loans and Allowance); valuation of investment securities (Note 3, Investment Securities); the fair value of financial instruments (Note 16, Fair Value of Financial Instruments); benefit plan obligations and expenses (Note 10, Pension and Profit Sharing Plans); and the valuation of deferred tax assets (Note 9, Income Taxes).  Certain amounts in the financial statements from prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current financial statement presentation.  The Parent Only financial statements (see Note 19, Parent Company Financial Information) of the Company account for the subsidiaries using the equity method of accounting.

Investment Securities

Investment Securities

We classify investment securities as trading, held to maturity ("HTM"), or available for sale ("AFS") at the date of acquisition.  Purchases and sales of securities are generally recorded on a trade-date basis.

Investment securities that we might not hold until maturity are classified as AFS and are reported at fair value in the statement of financial condition.  Fair value measurement is based upon quoted market prices in active markets, if available.  If quoted prices in active markets are not available, fair value is measured using pricing models or other model-based valuation techniques such as the present value of future cash flows, which consider prepayment assumptions and other factors such as credit losses and market liquidity.  Unrealized gains and losses are excluded from earnings and reported, net of tax, in other comprehensive income (“OCI”).  Purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income using the effective interest method over the life of the securities.  Purchase premiums or discounts related to mortgage-backed securities are amortized or accreted using projected prepayment speeds.  Gains and losses on the sale of securities are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method.

AFS investment securities in unrealized loss positions are evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) at least quarterly.  For AFS securities, a decline in fair value is considered to be other-than-temporary if the Company does not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis of the security. 

Debt securities are classified as HTM if the Company has both the intent and ability to hold those securities to maturity regardless of changes in market conditions, liquidity needs or changes in general economic conditions.  These securities are carried at cost adjusted for amortization of purchase premiums and accretion of purchase discounts.

Transfers of securities from available for sale to held to maturity are accounted for at fair value as of the date of the transfer.  The difference between the fair value and the par value at the date of transfer is considered a premium or discount and is accounted for accordingly.  Any unrealized gain or loss at the date of the transfer is reported in OCI, and is amortized over the remaining life of the security as an adjustment of yield in a manner consistent with the amortization of any premium or discount, and will offset or mitigate the effect on interest income of the amortization of the premium or discount for that held to maturity security.

Impairment may result from credit deterioration of the issuer or collateral underlying the security.  In performing an assessment of recoverability, all relevant information is considered, including the length of time and extent to which fair value has been less than the amortized cost basis, the cause of the price decline, credit performance of the issuer and underlying collateral, and recoveries or further declines in fair value subsequent to the balance sheet date.

For debt securities, the Company measures and recognizes OTTI losses through earnings if (1)  the Company has the intent to sell the security or (2)  it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.  In these circumstances, the impairment loss is equal to the full difference between the amortized cost basis and the fair value of the security.  For securities that are considered other-than-temporarily-impaired that the Company has the intent and ability to hold in an unrealized loss position, the OTTI write-down is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized in earnings, and the amount related to other factors, which is recognized as a component of OCI.

For equity securities, the Company recognizes OTTI losses through earnings if the Company intends to sell the security.  The Company also considers other relevant factors, including its intent and ability to retain the security for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value, and whether evidence exists to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value.  Any impairment loss on an equity security is equal to the full difference between the amortized cost basis and the fair value of the security.

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

Federal Home Loan Bank Stock

As a borrower from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta ("FHLB"), the Bank is required to purchase an amount of FHLB stock based on our outstanding borrowings with the FHLB.  This stock is used as collateral to secure the borrowings from the FHLB and is accounted for as a cost-method investment.  FHLB stock is an equity interest that does not necessarily have a readily determinable fair value for purposes of the ASC Topic 320, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, because its ownership is restricted and lacks a market.  FHLB stock can be sold back only at its par value of $100 per share and only to the FHLB or another member institution.

Other Securities

Other Securities

Maryland Financial Bank (“MFB”) stock is an equity interest that does not necessarily have a readily determinable fair value for purposes of the ASC Topic 320, Accounting for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities, because its ownership is restricted and lacks a market.  This stock is accounted for as a cost-method investment.

Loans Held for Investment

Loans Held for Investment

Loans held for investment are reported at the principal amount outstanding, net of cumulative charge-offs, interest applied to principal (for loans accounted for using the cost recovery method), unamortized net deferred loan origination fees and costs and unamortized premiums or discounts on purchased loans.  Interest on loans is accrued and recognized as interest income at the contractual rate of interest.  When a loan is designated as held for investment, the intent is to hold these loans for the foreseeable future or until maturity or pay off. 

From time to time, the Company will originate loans to facilitate the sale of other real estate owned (OREO).  Such loans are accounted for using the installment method and any gain on sale is deferred.  The Bank financed no sales of OREO for 2018 or 2017.

Loan Fees and Costs

Loan origination fees, commitment fees, direct loan origination costs and purchase premiums and discounts on loans are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of yield, to be amortized to interest income over the contractual term of the loan.  During 2018, the Company conducted a periodic review of the estimated direct cost to originate loans resulting in a change to the estimated materiality of these costs.  Prior to January 1, 2018, the Company expensed direct costs to originate loans in the period incurred based on management’s judgement that the costs were immaterial.  This year long project resulted in a change in the estimated materiality of these costs.  Effective January 1, 2018, the Company increased its estimates for these costs and changed its accounting method from expense as incurred to defer and amortize in accordance with accounting standard 310-20 Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs.  This preferred method recognizes loan interest income and costs incurred to generate the revenue in the same period.  The effect of this change in accounting method was inseparable from the effect of the change in accounting estimate, and therefore, accounted for as a change in estimate.  As a result, the Company began recognizing certain direct loan origination costs over the life of the related loan as a reduction of the loan’s yield by the interest method based on the contractual term of the loan.  In the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company recorded a reduction of noninterest expense and an increase in loan balances of $375,000, and reduced loan balances and loan interest income by $51,000 due to the amortization of deferred costs.  The effect of these adjustments increased income before taxes for the three- and twelve-months periods ended December 31, 2018 by $324,000 and increased net income by $300,000 or $0.11 per basic and diluted common share for the twelve-month period ended December 31, 2018.

Nonaccrual Loans

Loans are placed on nonaccrual status when the full and timely collection of principal and interest is doubtful, generally when the loan becomes 90 days or more past due for principal or interest payment or if part of the principal balance has been charged off.  When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status all interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period interest income.

All payments received on nonaccrual loans are accounted for using the cost recovery method.  Under the cost recovery method, all cash collected is applied to first reduce the principal balance.  A loan may be returned to accrual status if all delinquent principal and interest payments are brought current and the collectability of the remaining principal and interest payments in accordance with the loan agreement is reasonably assured.  Loans that are well-secured and in the process of collection are maintained on accrual status, even if they are 90 days or more past due.

Impaired Loans

A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that all contractual principal and interest payments due will not be collected in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement.  Factors considered by management in determining whether a loan is impaired include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  The carrying value of impaired loans is based on the present value of the loan’s expected future cash flows or, alternatively, the observable market price of the loan or the fair value of the collateral.

Troubled Debt Restructurings

A loan is accounted for and reported as a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) when, for economic or legal reasons, we grant a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty that we would not otherwise consider.  Management strives to identify borrowers in financial difficulty early and works with them to modify to more affordable terms before their loan reaches nonaccrual status. These modified terms may include rate reductions, principal forgiveness, payment forbearance and other actions intended to minimize the economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of the collateral.  A restructuring that results in only an insignificant delay in payment is not considered a concession.  A delay may be considered insignificant if the payments subject to the delay are insignificant relative to the unpaid principal or collateral value and the contractual amount due, or the delay in timing of the restructured payment period is insignificant relative to the frequency of payments, the debt's original contractual maturity or original expected duration.

TDRs are designated as impaired because interest and principal payments will not be received in accordance with the original contract terms.  TDRs that are performing and on accrual status as of the date of the modification remain on accrual status.  TDRs that are nonperforming as of the date of modification generally remain as nonaccrual until the prospect of future payments in accordance with the modified loan agreement is reasonably assured, generally demonstrated when the borrower maintains compliance with the restructured terms for a predetermined period, normally at least six months.  TDRs with temporary below-market concessions remain designated as a TDR and impaired regardless of the accrual or performance status until the loan is paid off.  However, if the TDR loan has been modified in a subsequent restructure with market terms and the borrower is not currently experiencing financial difficulty, then the loan may be de-designated as a TDR.

Allowance for Loan Losses

Allowance for Loan Losses

Credit quality within the loan portfolio is continuously monitored by management and is reflected within the allowance for loan losses.  The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level that, in management's judgment, is appropriate to cover losses inherent within the Company’s loan portfolio, including unfunded credit commitments, as of the balance sheet date.  The allowance for loan losses, as reported in our consolidated statements of financial condition, is adjusted by a provision for loan losses, which is recognized in earnings, and reduced by the charge-off of loan amounts, net of recoveries.

The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level believed adequate by management to absorb probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio and is based on the size and current risk characteristics of the loan portfolio, an assessment of individual problem loans and actual loss experience, current economic events in specific industries and geographical areas, including unemployment levels, and other pertinent factors, including regulatory guidance and general economic conditions.  Determination of the allowance is inherently subjective as it requires significant estimates, including the amounts and timing of expected future cash flows on impaired loans, estimated losses on pools of homogeneous loans based on historical loss experience, and consideration of current economic trends, all of which may be susceptible to significant change.  Loan losses are charged off against the allowance, while recoveries of amounts previously charged off are credited to the allowance.  A provision for loan losses is charged to operations based on management’s periodic evaluation of the factors previously mentioned, as well as other pertinent factors.  Evaluations are conducted at least quarterly and more often if deemed necessary.

Loan Loss Measurement

Allowance levels are influenced by loan volumes, internal asset quality ratings, delinquency status, historic loss experience and other conditions influencing loss expectations, such as economic conditions.  The methodology for evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses has two basic components:  First, an asset-specific component involving the identification of impaired loans and the measurement of impairment for each individual loan identified; and second, a formula-based component for estimating probable loan principal losses for all other loans.

Impaired Loans

The specific credit allocations are based on regular analysis of all loans over a fixed-dollar amount where the internal credit rating is at or below a predetermined classification.  When a loan is identified as impaired, impairment is measured based on net realizable value, and the recorded investment balance of the loan.  For impaired loans, we recognize impairment if we determine that the net realizable value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment of the loan (net of previous charge-offs and deferred loan fees and costs), except when the sole remaining source of collection is the underlying collateral. In these cases impairment is measured as the difference between the recorded investment balance of the loan and the fair value of the collateral.  The fair value of the collateral is adjusted for the estimated cost to sell if repayment or satisfaction of a loan is dependent on the sale (rather than only on the operation) of the collateral.

Once the impairment amount is determined, an asset-specific allowance is provided that is equal to the calculated impairment and included in the allowance for loan losses.  If the calculated impairment is determined to be permanent or not recoverable, the impairment will be charged off.  Factors considered by management in determining if impairment is permanent or not recoverable include whether management judges the loan to be uncollectible, repayment is deemed to be protracted beyond reasonable time frames or the loss becomes evident owing to the borrower’s lack of assets.

Estimate of Probable Loan Losses

In estimating the formula-based component of the allowance for loan losses, loans are segregated into loan classes based on product types and similar risk characteristics or areas of risk concentration.  Loans of similar type and purpose, not meeting the criteria for an asset-specific allocation, are aggregated into loan classes, and a reserve factor is applied to each loan class based on the historical loss experience of that class and six qualitative factors.  Qualitative factors are expressed in basis points and are adjusted downward or upward based on management’s judgment as to the potential loss impact of each qualitative factor to a particular loan class at the date of the analysis.  To determine the amount of allowance for credit losses, the Bank uses the current year’s loss data and the previous four years of loss data for each homogenous portfolio on a non-weighted basis.  The current year’s data is annualized to a twelve-month basis to determine a loss percentage.  The average for each portfolio’s historical losses are then adjusted by six qualitative factors applied to each of the loan classes.  The historical loss analysis is performed quarterly and loss factors are updated monthly based on actual experience.

Reserve for Unfunded Commitments

The Company maintains a separate allowance for losses on unfunded loan commitments, which is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the consolidated statements of financial condition.  The reserve for unfunded commitments (off-balance sheet financial instruments) is established through a provision for losses — unfunded commitments, the changes of which are recorded in noninterest expense.  The reserve for unfunded commitments is an amount that management believes will be adequate to absorb probable losses inherent in existing commitments, including unused portions of revolving lines of credit and other loans, standby letters of credit, and unused deposit account overdraft privileges.  The reserve for unfunded commitments is based on evaluations of the collectability, and prior loss experience of unfunded commitments.  The evaluations take into consideration such factors as changes in the nature and size of the loan portfolio, overall loan portfolio quality, loan concentrations, specific problem loans and related unfunded commitments, and current economic conditions that may affect the borrower’s or depositor’s ability to pay.

Other Real Estate Owned

Other Real Estate Owned

Other real estate owned ("OREO") represents real estate acquired in partial or total satisfaction of debts previously contracted with the Company, generally through the foreclosure of loans.  These properties are initially recorded at the net realizable value (fair value of collateral less estimated costs to sell).  Upon transfer of a loan to OREO, an appraisal is obtained and any excess of the loan balance over the net realizable value is charged against the allowance for loan losses.  Subsequent declines in net realizable value identified from the ongoing analysis of such properties as well as gains and losses realized from the sale of OREO are recognized in current period earnings within noninterest expense as foreclosed property expense.  The net realizable value of these assets is reviewed and updated as circumstances warrant.  There were no loans transferred to OREO for the year ended December 31, 2017.  Loans transferred to OREO through foreclosure proceedings totaled $705,000 for the year ended December 31, 2018. 

Premises and Equipment

Premises and Equipment

Bank premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and depreciated over the estimated useful life of the related asset or the term of the lease using the straight-line method.  Expenditures for improvements that extend the life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated over the asset’s remaining useful life.  Gains or losses realized on the disposition of premises and equipment are reflected in the consolidated statements of income.  Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to occupancy and equipment expense as incurred.  Computer software is recorded at cost and amortized over three to five years.  Management periodically evaluates the carrying value of long-lived assets and certain identifiable intangibles, including goodwill, furniture and equipment and leasehold improvements for impairment.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Our income tax expense, and deferred tax assets and liabilities reflect management’s best assessment of estimated current and future taxes to be paid.  Significant judgments and estimates are required in determining the consolidated income tax expense.

Deferred income taxes arise from temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the financial statements, which will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are reflected at currently enacted income tax rates applicable to the period in which the deferred tax assets or liabilities are expected to be realized or settled.  As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision for income taxes and are reflected as discrete tax items in the Company’s tax provision.

On December 22, 2017, H.R. 1, commonly known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Tax Reform Act”), was signed into law.  The Tax Reform Act includes provisions that affect the Company’s income tax expense, including reducing the federal tax rate from 34% to 21% effective January 1, 2018.  As a result of the rate reduction, the Company was required to re-measure, through income tax expense in the period of enactment, its deferred tax assets and liabilities using the enacted rate at which the Company expects them to be recovered or settled.  At December 31, 2018, we have completed our accounting for the tax effects of enactment of the Tax Reform Act.  We re-measured all of our deferred tax assets (“DTA”) and liabilities (“DTL”) based on the rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future.  We recognized an income tax expense of $0.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2017 related to adjusting our net deferred tax asset balance to reflect the new corporate tax rate.

In February 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-02 - Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220).  The Company early adopted in December 2017 the provisions of the ASU 2018-02 and recorded a reclassification adjustment of $104,000 from AOCI to retained earnings for stranded tax effects related to AFS securities resulting from the newly enacted corporate tax rate.  The amount of the reclassification was the difference between the 34%  historical corporate tax rate and the newly enacted 21%  corporate tax rate.

The Company records net deferred tax assets to the extent it is believed that these assets will more likely than not be realized.  In making this determination, the Company considers all available evidence, including future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences, projected future taxable income, tax planning strategies, and recent financial operations.  A tax position that meets the more likely than not recognition threshold is initially and subsequently measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement with a taxing authority.

For a more detailed description of income taxes see Note 9, Income Taxes of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Interest Rate Swap Agreements

Interest Rate Swap Agreements

For asset/liability management purposes, the Company periodically uses interest rate swap agreements to hedge various exposures or to modify interest rate characteristics of various balance sheet accounts.  All interest rate swap agreements are recorded at fair value.  The Company records cash flow hedges at the inception of the derivative contract based on the Company’s intentions and belief as to its likelihood of effectiveness as a hedge.  Cash flow hedges represent a hedge of a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability.  For a cash flow hedge, the gain or loss on the derivative is reported in other comprehensive income and is reclassified into earnings in the same periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings.  The changes in the fair value of derivatives that are not highly effective in hedging the changes in fair value or expected cash flows of the hedged item are recognized immediately in current earnings.  Changes in the fair value of derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are reported currently in earnings, as noninterest income.

Net cash settlements on derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting are recorded in interest income or interest expense, based on the item being hedged.  Net cash settlements on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting are reported in noninterest income.  Cash flows on hedges are classified in the cash flow statement the same as the cash flows of the items being hedged.

The Company formally documents the relationship between derivatives and hedged items, as well as the risk management objective and the strategy for undertaking hedge transactions at the inception of the hedging relationship.  This documentation includes linking cash flow hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions.  The Company also formally assesses, both at the hedge’s inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivative instruments that are used are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged items.  The Company discontinues hedge accounting when it determines that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes in the fair value or cash flows of the hedged item, the derivative is settled or terminates, a hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable, a hedged firm commitment is no longer firm, or treatment of the derivative as a hedge is no longer appropriate or intended.

When hedge accounting is discontinued, subsequent changes in fair value of the derivative are recorded as noninterest income.  When a cash flow hedge is discontinued but the hedged cash flows or forecasted transactions are still expected to occur, gains or losses that were accumulated in other comprehensive income are amortized into earnings over the same periods which the hedged transactions will affect earnings.

Fair Value Measurement

Fair Value Measurement

The term "fair value" is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  A fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell the asset or transfer the liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability.  The Company’s approach is to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements.  The degree of management judgment involved in estimating the fair value of a financial instrument or other asset is dependent upon the availability of quoted market prices or observable market value inputs for internal valuation models, used for estimating fair value.  For financial instruments that are actively traded in the marketplace or whose values are based on readily available market data, little judgment is necessary when estimating the instrument’s fair value.  When observable market prices and data are not readily available, significant management judgment often is necessary to estimate fair value.  In those cases, different assumptions could result in significant changes in valuation.  See Note 17, Fair Value Measurement.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Bank has included cash and due from banks, interest-bearing deposits in other financial institutions, and federal funds sold as cash and cash equivalents for the purpose of reporting cash flows.

Accounting for Stock Options

Accounting for Stock Options

The Company follows ASC Topic 718, Share-Based Payments, for accounting and reporting for stock-based compensation plans.  ASC Topic 718 defines a fair value at grant date based method of accounting for measuring compensation expense for stock-based plans to be recognized in the statement of income.

Earnings per share

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period.  Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income available to common shareholders by the weighted average common shares outstanding, plus the effect of common stock equivalents (for example, stock options computed using the treasury stock method).

Advertising Expense

Advertising Expense

Advertising costs, which we consider to be media and marketing materials, are expensed as incurred.  We incurred $0.1 million and $0.2 million in advertising expense during the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

Bank Owned Life Insurance

Bank Owned Life Insurance

The Company has purchased bank owned life insurance policies on certain current and former employees as a means to generate tax-exempt income which is used to offset a portion of current and future employee benefit costs.  Bank owned life insurance is recorded at the cash surrender value of the policies.  Changes in the cash surrender value are included in noninterest income.

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The Company records unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities in accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes.  Unrealized gains and losses on available for sale securities are reclassified into earnings as the gains or losses are realized upon sale of the securities.  The credit component of unrealized losses on available for sale securities that are determined to be other-than-temporary impaired are reclassified into earnings at the time the determination is made.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Developments

Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Developments

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ('"FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which will supersede the revenue recognition requirements in ASC Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and most industry-specific revenue recognition guidance throughout the ASC.  The amendments in this update affect any entity that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of non-financial assets unless those contracts, including leases and insurance contracts, are within the scope of other standards.  The amendments establish a core principle requiring the recognition of revenue to depict the transfer of goods or services to customers in an amount reflecting the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for such goods or services.  The amendments also require expanded disclosures concerning the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.  In August 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date by one year from the date in the original guidance.  In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08 to clarify the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations.  The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016.  The Company’s adoption of this item did not have a material impact on its results of operations or financial condition.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825‑10):  Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.  ASU No. 2016‑1, among other things, (i)  requires equity investments, with certain exceptions, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income, (ii)  simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment, (iii)  eliminates the requirement for public business entities to disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet, (iv)  requires public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, (v)  requires an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments, (vi)  requires separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements and (viii)  clarifies that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale.  The guidance is effective for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017.  The Company’s adoption of this item did not have a material impact on its results of operations or financial condition.  The disclosures to the Company’s consolidated financial statements have been updated appropriately using the exit price notion in “Note 16 — Fair Value of Financial Instruments.”

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) which requires recognition in the statement of financial position of lease assets and lease liabilities by lessees for those leases classified as operating leases under previous GAAP.  The guidance requires that a lessee should recognize lease assets and lease liabilities as compared to previous GAAP that did not require lease assets and lease liabilities to be recognized for operating leases.  The guidance became effective for the Company on January 1, 2019.  In July 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases which provides technical corrections and improvements to ASU 2016-02.  It is not anticipated that this update will have an impact on our adoption of ASU 2016-02.  In July 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, Leases (Topic 842):  Targeted Improvements which provides an optional transition method to adopt the new requirements of ASU 2016-02 as of the adoption date with no adjustment to the presentation or disclosure of comparative prior periods included in the financial statements in the period of adoption.  The Company intends to elect the optional transition method on January 1, 2019, which will result in presentation of periods prior to adoption under the prior lease guidance of ASC Topic 840.  In December 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-20, Leases (Topic 842):  Narrow-Scope Improvements for Lessors.  ASU 2018-20 permits lessors to account for certain taxes as lessee costs, permits lessors to exclude from revenue certain lessor costs paid by lessees directly to third parties, and requires lessors to allocate certain variable payments to lease and non-lease components.  The Company expects to record a right of use asset and lease liability on the adoption date of January 1, 2019.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-05, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815):  Effect of Derivative Contract Novations on Existing Hedge Accounting Relationships.  ASU No. 2016‑05 clarifies that a change in the counterparty to a derivative instrument that has been designated as the hedging instrument under ASC Topic 815 does not, in and of itself, require dedesignation of that hedging relationship provided that all other hedge accounting criteria continue to be met.  ASU No. 2016‑05 was effective for us on January 1, 2017 and did not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718):  Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.  Under ASU No. 2016‑09 all excess tax benefits and tax deficiencies related to share-based payment awards should be recognized as income tax expense or benefit in the income statement during the period in which they occur.  Previously, such amounts were recorded in the pool of excess tax benefits included in additional paid-in capital, if such pool was available.  Because excess tax benefits are no longer recognized in additional paid-in capital, the assumed proceeds from applying the treasury stock method when computing earnings per share should exclude the amount of excess tax benefits that would have previously been recognized in additional paid-in capital.  Additionally, excess tax benefits should be classified along with other income tax cash flows as an operating activity rather than a financing activity, as was previously the case.  ASU No. 2016‑09 also provides that an entity can make an entity-wide accounting policy election to either estimate the number of awards that are expected to vest (current GAAP) or account for forfeitures when they occur.  ASU No. 2016‑09 changes the threshold to qualify for equity classification (rather than as a liability) to permit withholding up to the maximum statutory tax rates (rather than the minimum as was previously the case) in the applicable jurisdictions.  ASU No. 2016‑09 was effective on January 1, 2017 and did not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

In June 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326):  Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.  The ASU improves financial reporting by requiring timelier recording of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments held by the Company.  The ASU requires the Company to measure all expected credit losses for financial assets held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts.  Many of the loss estimation techniques applied today will still be permitted, although the inputs to those techniques will change to reflect the full amount of expected credit losses.  The Company will continue to use judgment to determine which loss estimation method is appropriate for their circumstances.  The ASU requires enhanced disclosures to help investors and other financial statement users better understand significant estimates and judgments used in estimating credit losses, as well as the credit quality and underwriting standards of an organization's portfolio.  These disclosures include qualitative and quantitative requirements that provide additional information about the amounts recorded in the financial statements.  Additionally, the ASU amends the accounting for credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities and purchased financial assets with credit deterioration.  The ASU will take effect for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019.  Early application will be permitted for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018.  The Company is in the process of determining the effect of the ASU on its consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of operations.

In August 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230):  Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.  The amendments in this ASU were issued to reduce diversity in how certain cash receipts and payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows in eight specific areas.  Debt prepayment costs should be classified as an outflow for financing activities.  Settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments divides the interest portion as an outflow for operating activities and the principal portion as an outflow for financing activities.  Contingent consideration payments made after a business combination should be classified as outflows for financing and operating activities.  Proceeds from the settlement of bank-owned life insurance policies should be classified as inflows from investing activities.  Other specific areas are identified in the ASU as to the appropriate classification of the cash inflows or outflows.  ASU No. 2016‑15 was effective on January 1, 2018 and did not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

In November 2016, FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Restricted Cash:  a Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force.  This ASU requires a company’s cash flow statement to explain the changes during a reporting period of the totals for cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and restricted cash equivalents.  Additionally, amounts for restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are to be included with cash and cash equivalents if the cash flow statement includes a reconciliation of the total cash balances for a reporting period.  ASU No. 2016‑18 was effective on January 1, 2018 and did not have a material impact on our results of operations or financial condition.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805):  Clarifying the Definition of a Business.  ASU No. 2017‑01 clarifies the definition and provides a more robust framework to use in determining when a set of assets and activities constitutes a business.  ASU No. 2017‑01 is intended to provide guidance when evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses.  ASU No. 2017‑01 was effective for us on January 1, 2018 and did not have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and other Costs (Subtopic 320-20):  Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities.  This standard shortens the amortization period for the premium to the earliest call date to more closely align interest income recorded on bonds held at a premium or a discount with the economics of the underlying instrument.  Adoption of ASU 2017-08 is required for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December, 15, 2018, early adoption is permitted.  The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of this guidance to determine the potential impact the new standard will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815):  Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.  This standard better aligns an entity's risk management activities and financial reporting for hedging relationships through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships and the presentation of hedge results.  To meet that objective, the amendments expand and refine hedge accounting for both nonfinancial and financial risk components and align the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedge instruments and the hedged item in the financial statements.  Adoption for this ASU is required for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and early adoption is permitted.  The Company is currently evaluating the provisions of this guidance to determine the potential impact the new standard will have on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220).  This ASU was issued to allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings from stranded tax effects resulting from the revaluation of the net deferred tax asset (“DTA”) to the new corporate tax rate of 21% as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (“Tax Act”).  The ASU is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted.  The Company elected to early adopt this ASU and to reclassify $104,000 of stranded tax effects from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings in the fourth quarter of 2017.

In March 2018, FASB issued ASU No. 2018-05, Income Taxes (Topic 740).  This ASU was issued to provide guidance on the income tax accounting implications of the Tax Act and allows for entities to report provisional amounts for specific income tax effects of the Tax Act for which the accounting under Topic 740 was not yet complete, but a reasonable estimate could be determined.  A measurement period of one-year is allowed to complete the accounting effects under Topic 740 and revise any previous estimates reported.  Any provisional amounts or subsequent adjustments included in an entity’s financial statements during the measurement period should be included in income from continuing operations as an adjustment to tax expense in the reporting period the amounts are determined.  The Company adopted this ASU with the provisional adjustments as reported in the consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2017.  As of December 31, 2018, the Company did not incur any adjustments to the provisional recognition.

In August, 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework — Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.  This ASU contains some technical adjustments related to the fair value disclosure requirements of public companies.  Included in this ASU is the additional disclosure requirement of unrealized gains and losses for the period in recurring level 3 fair value disclosures and the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs, among other technical changes.  ASU 2018-13 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2019.  Early adoption is permitted for any removed or modified disclosures.  The adoption of ASU 2018-13 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, “Compensation - Retirement Benefits-Defined Benefit Plans-General (Subtopic 715-20).” ASU 2018-14 amends and modifies the disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other post-retirement plans.  The amendments in this update remove disclosures that no longer are considered cost beneficial, clarify the specific requirements of disclosures, and add disclosure requirements identified as relevant.  ASU 2018-14 will be effective for us on January 1, 2021, with early adoption permitted, and is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial statements.

In October, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-16, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) - Inclusion of the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) Overnight Index Swap (OIS) Rate as a Benchmark Interest Rate for Hedge Accounting Purposes.”  The amendments in this update permit use of the OIS rate based on SOFR as a U.S. benchmark interest rate for hedge accounting purposes under Topic 815 in addition to the interest rates on direct U.S. Treasury obligations, the LIBOR swap rate, the OIS rate based on the Fed Funds Effective Rate and the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA) Municipal Swap Rate.  ASU 2018-16 will be effective for us on January 1, 2019 and is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial statements