Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Jan. 27, 2019

Basis of Presentation

The Company reports results on the basis of 52 and 53 week periods and ends its fiscal year on the last Sunday in January. The fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017 each consisted of 52 weeks.

Principles of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). All intercompany balances have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly-liquid investments with an original maturity of 90 days or less and money market mutual funds to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash balances and cash equivalents in highly-qualified financial institutions. At various times such amounts are in excess of insured limits. Cash equivalents can consist of money market mutual funds, government and corporate obligations, and bank time deposits.

Investments

The Company’s investment policy restricts investments to high credit quality investments with limits on the length to maturity and the amount invested with any one issuer. These investments, especially corporate obligations, are subject to default risk. The Company classifies its investments as available-for-sale ("AFS") and reports these investments at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). Realized gains or losses on AFS investments are recorded in "Interest income and other (expense) income, net" in the Statements of Income.

The Company has minority equity investments in privately held companies that are classified in "Other assets" in the Balance Sheets. Substantially, all of these investments are carried at cost because the Company does not have the ability to exercise significant influence over the company. These minority equity investments do not have a readily determinable fair value and the Company has determined that it is not practicable to estimate the fair value of these investments. As of January 27, 2019, and January 28, 2018, the Company had aggregate net investments under the cost method of accounting of $16.7 million and $38.1 million, respectively. As of January 27, 2019, and January 28, 2018, aggregate net investment accounted for under equity method of accounting was $2.7 million and $3.4 million, respectively. The Company monitors whether there have been any events or changes in circumstances that would have a significant adverse effect on the fair value of these investments and recognizes losses in the income statement when it determines that declines in the fair value of its investments below their cost are other-than-temporary. The Company recorded impairments of $30.0 million and $4.3 million during the third quarter of fiscal years 2019 and 2018, respectively.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts Receivable Allowances

Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value or the amount that the Company expects to collect on gross customer trade receivables. The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. The Company generally does not require collateral on accounts receivable as the majority of the Company’s customers are large, well-established companies. Historically, bad debt provisions have been consistent with management’s expectations. If the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations after a sale has occurred, it records an allowance to reduce the net receivable to the amount it reasonably believes it will be able to collect from the customer. For all other customers, the Company recognizes allowances for doubtful accounts based on the length of time the receivables are past due, the current business environment and historical experience. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate or if economic conditions worsen, additional allowances may be required in the future. All of the Company’s accounts receivables are trade-related receivables.

Inventories

Inventories are stated at lower of cost or market and consist of materials, labor, and overhead. The Company determines the cost of inventory by the first-in, first-out method. The Company evaluates inventories for excess quantities and obsolescence. This evaluation includes analysis of sales levels by product and projections of future demand. In order to state the inventory at lower of cost or market, the Company maintains reserves against its inventory. If future demand or market conditions are less favorable than the Company’s projections, a write-down of inventory may be required, and would be reflected in cost of goods sold in the period the revision is made.

Business Combinations

The Company accounts for business combinations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 805, “Business Combinations”. The Company allocates the purchase price paid for assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with acquisitions based on their estimated fair values at the time of acquisition. This allocation involves a number of assumptions, estimates, and judgments that could materially affect the timing or amounts recognized in its financial statements. The most subjective areas include determining the fair value of the following:


•	intangible assets, including the valuation methodology, estimations of future cash flows, discount rates, market segment growth rates, and the Company's assumed market segment share, as well as the estimated useful life of intangible assets;


•	deferred tax assets and liabilities, uncertain tax positions, and tax-related valuation allowances, which are initially estimated as of the acquisition date;


•	inventory; property, plant and equipment; pre-existing liabilities or legal claims; deferred revenue; and contingent consideration, each as may be applicable; and


•	goodwill as measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.

The Company’s assumptions and estimates are based upon comparable market data and information obtained from management and the management of the acquired companies. The Company allocates goodwill to the reporting units of the business that are expected to benefit from the business combination.

Variable Interest Entities

The Company is required to consolidate variable interest entities ("VIEs") in which it has a controlling financial interest in accordance with ASC Topic 810, "Consolidation". A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (i) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

The Company’s variable interest in VIEs may be in the form of equity ownership, contracts to purchase assets, management services, and development agreements between the Company and a VIE, loans provided by the Company to a VIE or other member, and/or guarantees provided by members to banks and other parties.

The Company analyzes its investments or other interests to determine whether it represents a variable interest in a VIE. If so, the Company evaluates the facts to determine whether it is the primary beneficiary. The Company considers itself to be the primary beneficiary when it has both the power to direct activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses from or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. The Company concluded that some of its equity interests represent a variable interest, but it is not the primary beneficiary as prescribed in ASC 810. Specifically, in reaching this conclusion, the Company considered the activities that most significantly drive profitability for these private entities and determined that the activities that most significantly drive profitability are related to the technology and related product road maps. In some cases, the Company has a board observer role, however, it concluded that in these cases it was not in a position of decision-making or other authority to influence the activities of the private entities that could be considered significant with respect to their operations, including research and development plans and changes to their product road maps. There are currently no VIEs that are consolidated.

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

As required by ASC 815, the Company records all derivatives on the Balance Sheets at fair value. The accounting for changes in the fair value of derivatives depends on the intended use of the derivative, whether the Company has elected to designate a derivative in a hedging relationship and apply hedge accounting and whether the hedging relationship has satisfied the criteria necessary to apply hedge accounting. Derivatives designated and qualifying as a hedge of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows, or other types of forecasted transactions, are considered cash flow hedges. Hedge accounting generally provides for the matching of the timing of gain or loss recognition on the hedging instrument with the recognition of the changes in the fair value of the hedged asset or liability that are attributable to the hedged risk in a fair value hedge or the earnings effect of the hedged forecasted transactions in a cash flow hedge. The Company may enter into derivative contracts that are intended to economically hedge certain of its risk, even though hedge accounting does not apply or the Company elects not to apply hedge accounting.

In accordance with the FASB’s fair value measurement guidance, the Company made an accounting policy election to measure the credit risk of its derivative financial instruments that are subject to master netting agreements on a net basis by counterparty portfolio.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed over the estimated useful lives of the related asset type or term of the operating lease using the straight-line method for financial statement purposes. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred and the costs of additions and betterments that increase the useful lives of the assets are capitalized.

Impairment of Goodwill, Other Intangible and Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill

The Company performs an annual impairment assessment of goodwill at the reporting unit level in the fourth quarter of each year, or more frequently if indicators of potential impairment exist. The analysis may include both qualitative and quantitative factors to assess the likelihood of an impairment. The reporting unit’s carrying value used in an impairment test represents the assignment of various assets and liabilities, excluding certain corporate assets and liabilities, such as cash, investments, and debt.

Qualitative factors include industry and market considerations, overall financial performance, and other relevant events and factors affecting the reporting unit. Additionally, as part of this assessment, the Company may perform a quantitative analysis to support the qualitative factors above by applying sensitivities to assumptions and inputs used in measuring a reporting unit’s fair value.

The Company’s quantitative impairment test considers both the income approach and the market approach to estimate a reporting unit's fair value. Significant estimates include market segment growth rates, assumed market segment share, estimated costs, and discount rates based on a reporting unit's weighted average cost of capital.

The Company tests the reasonableness of the inputs and outcomes of its discounted cash flow analysis against available market data. In the current year, the fair value for all of its reporting units exceeds their carrying value, and its annual qualitative assessment did not indicate that a more detailed quantitative analysis was necessary.

Other Intangibles and Long-lived Assets

Finite-lived intangible assets resulting from business acquisitions or technology licenses purchased are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The useful lives of acquisition-related intangible assets represent the point where over 90% of realizable undiscounted cash flows for each intangible asset are recognized. The assigned useful lives are based upon the Company’s historical experience with similar technology and other intangible assets owned by the Company. The useful life of technology licenses is usually based on the term of the agreement.

Acquired in-process research and development ("IPR&D") projects, which represent projects that had not reached technological feasibility as of the date of acquisition, are recorded at fair value; initially, these are classified as an indefinite-lived intangible asset until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts. Upon completion of development, acquired IPR&D asset balances are transferred to finite-lived intangible assets and amortized over their useful lives. The asset balances relating to projects that are abandoned after acquisition are impaired and expensed to R&D.

The Company reviews indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis in conjunction with goodwill or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of indefinite-lived intangible assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the future discounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate. Also, the Company reassesses the estimated remaining useful lives of any impaired assets and adjusts accordingly estimates of future amortization expense related to these assets.

The Company assesses finite-lived intangibles and long-lived assets for impairment when indicators of impairment, such as reductions in demand or significant industry and economic slowdowns in the semiconductor industry, are present. Reviews are performed to determine whether the carrying value of an asset is impaired, based on comparisons to undiscounted expected future cash flows. If this comparison indicates that there is impairment, the impaired asset is written down to fair value, which is typically calculated using: (i) quoted market price trends and internal factors such as changes in the Company's business strategy and/or (ii) discounted expected future cash flows utilizing a discount rate. Impairment is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets the Company forecasts for specific product lines.

For intangible long-lived assets, which consist of core technology and customer relationships, the Company used the multi-period excess earnings method, an income approach, or the replacement cost method (a cost approach), to determine fair value. The multi-period excess earnings method, a form of the income approach, estimates the value of the asset based on the present value of the after-tax cash flows attributable to the intangible asset, which includes the Company's estimates of forecasted revenue, operating margins, taxes, and discount rate. The replacement cost method incorporates a market participant’s assumption that an in-use premise is the highest and best use of customer relationships and core technology. The Company estimated the cost it would incur to rebuild or re-establish the intangible asset and the associated effort required to develop it.

The fair values of individual tangible long-lived assets were determined using the cost to reproduce the long-lived asset and taking into account the age, condition, inflation using the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Marshall Valuation Services, and cost to ready the long-lived asset for its intended use. Additionally, the Company considered the potential existence of functional and economic obsolescence and quantified these elements in its cost approach as appropriate.

Functional Currency

The Company has concluded that the functional currency of all subsidiaries is the United States ("U.S.") Dollar.

Fair Value Measurement

Fair Value Measurements

When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions, and risk of nonperformance. The Company uses the following three levels of inputs in determining the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, focusing on the most observable inputs when available:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities.

To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is disclosed is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Revenue Recognition

The Company derives its revenue primarily from the sale of semiconductor products into various end markets. Revenue is recognized when control of these products is transferred to the Company’s customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for these products. Control is generally transferred when products are shipped and, to a lesser extent, when the products are delivered. Recovery of costs associated with product design and engineering services are recognized during the period in which services are performed and are reported as a reduction to product development and engineering expense. Historically, these recoveries have not exceeded the cost of the related development efforts. The Company includes revenue related to granted technology licenses as part of "Net sales" in the Statements of Income. Historically, revenue from these arrangements has not been significant though they are part of its recurring ordinary business.

The Company determines revenue recognition through the following five steps:


•	Identification of the contract, or contracts, with a customer;


•	Identification of the performance obligations in the contract;


•	Determination of the transaction price;


•	Allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and


•	Recognition of revenue when, or as, performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company accounts for a contract when it has approval and commitment from both parties, the rights of the parties are identified, payment terms are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of consideration is probable.

The Company’s revenue contracts generally represent a single performance obligation to sell its products to trade customers. Net sales reflect the transaction prices for contracts, which include units shipped at selling prices reduced by variable consideration. Determination of variable consideration requires judgment by the Company. Variable consideration includes expected sales returns and other price adjustments. Variable consideration is estimated using the expected value method considering all reasonably available information, including the Company’s historical experience and its current expectations, and is reflected in the transaction price when sales are recorded. Sales returns are generally accepted at the Company’s discretion or from distributors with such rights. The Company’s contracts with trade customers do not have significant financing components or non-cash consideration. The Company records net sales excluding taxes collected on its sales to its trade customers.

The Company provides an assurance type warranty which is typically not sold separately and does not represent a separate performance obligation. The Company’s payment terms are generally aligned with shipping terms.

The following presents the amounts by which financial statement line items were affected in the current period due to the adoption of Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers ("ASC 606") as compared with the guidance that was in effect before the change:



	Fiscal Year Ended
Statements of Income	January 27, 2019
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Increase/(decrease)
Net sales	$	9,848
Cost of sales	$	2,247
Provision for income taxes	$	1,596
Net income	$	6,005

Earnings per share:
Basic	$	0.09
Diluted	$	0.09



Balance Sheets	January 27, 2019
(in thousands)	Increase/(decrease)
Deferred revenue	$	(19,987	)

This summary excludes line items that were not materially affected by the Company's adoption of ASC 606. The adoption had no impact to total net cash provided by or used in operating, investing or financing activities in the Statements of Cash Flows.

Contract Modifications:

If a contract is modified, which does not normally occur, changes in contract specifications and requirements must be accounted for. The Company considers contract modifications to exist when the modification creates new, or changes existing, enforceable rights and obligations. Most of the Company’s contract modifications are to distributor agreements for adding new goods or services that are considered distinct from the existing contract and the change in contract price reflects the standalone selling price of the distinct service.

Disaggregated Revenue:

The Company disaggregates revenue from contracts with customers by types of products and geography, as it believes it best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Refer to “Note 14: Segment Information” for further information on revenues by product line and geographic region.

Contract Balances:

Accounts receivable represents the Company’s unconditional right to receive consideration from its customers. Contract assets consist of the Company’s right to consideration in exchange for goods or services that the Company has transferred to a customer when that right is conditioned on something other than the passage of time. ASC 606 also requires an entity to present a revenue contract as a contract liability in instances when a customer pays consideration, or an entity has a right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (e.g. receivable), before the entity transfers a good or service to the customer. The opening and closing contract asset and contract liability balances are not material.

There were no impairment losses recognized on the Company’s accounts receivable or contract assets during the fiscal year ended January 27, 2019. There were no significant changes in the contract assets or the contract liabilities for the fiscal year ended January 27, 2019.

Practical Expedients:

Unsatisfied Performance Obligations: Because all of the Company’s performance obligations relate to contracts with a duration of less than one year, the Company elected to apply the optional exemption provided in ASC 606 and, therefore, is not required to disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to performance obligations that are unsatisfied or partially unsatisfied at the end of the reporting period.

Contract Costs: All incremental customer contract acquisition costs are expensed as they are incurred as the amortization period of the asset that the Company otherwise would have recognized is one year or less in duration.

Significant Financing Component: The Company does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component as the Company expects, at contract inception, that the period between when the Company transfers a promised good or service to a customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.

Sales Tax Exclusion from the Transaction Price: The Company excludes from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes assessed by a governmental authority that are both imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected by the Company from the customer.

Shipping and Handling Activities: The Company accounts for shipping and handling activities performed after a customer obtains control of the good as activities to fulfill the promise to transfer the good.

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales includes materials, depreciation on fixed assets used in the manufacturing process, shipping costs, direct labor, and overhead.

Sales and Marketing

The Company expenses sales and marketing costs, which include advertising costs, as they are incurred.

Product Development and Engineering

Product development and engineering costs are charged to expense as incurred. Recoveries from nonrecurring engineering services are recorded as an offset to product development expense incurred in support of this effort since these activities do not represent an earnings process core to the Company’s business and serve as a mechanism to partially recover development expenditures.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and their respective tax bases. The Balance Sheets include current and long term prepaid taxes under "Prepaid taxes" and "Other assets" and current and long term liabilities for uncertain tax positions under "Accrued liabilities" and "Other long-term liabilities."

As part of the process of preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements, the Company estimates income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates. This process involves estimating the current tax liability together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. The Company must assess the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent the Company believes that recovery is not likely, it must establish a valuation allowance. To the extent the Company changes its valuation allowance in a period, the change is generally recorded through the tax provision on the Statements of Income.

Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Other comprehensive income includes unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, interest rate hedging activities, and defined benefit plans. This information is provided in the Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Share-Based Compensation

The Company measures compensation cost for all share-based payments (including stock options) at fair value using valuation models, which consider, among other things, estimates and assumptions on the expected life of options, stock price volatility, and market value of the Company's common stock. Additionally, for awards with a performance condition, the Company uses financial forecasts that use assumptions that are consistent with those used for other valuation exercises, including goodwill valuation and asset impairment assessments. If any of the assumptions used in the valuation model change significantly, share-based compensation expense may differ materially in the future from that recorded in the current period and actual results may differ from estimates.

The Company has various equity award plans ("Plans") that provide for granting stock-based awards to employees and non-employee directors of the Company. The Plans provide for the granting of several available forms of stock compensation. As of January 27, 2019, the Company has granted non-qualified stock option awards ("NQSOs") and restricted stock unit awards ("RSUs") under the Plans and has also issued some share-based compensation outside of the Plans, including NQSOs and RSUs as inducements to join the Company.

Grant Date Fair Values and Underlying Assumptions:

The Company uses the Black-Scholes pricing model to value stock options. The estimated fair value of restricted stock units, for which vesting is not linked to a market condition, is calculated based on the market price of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. For restricted stock units that vest according to a market condition, the Company uses a Monte Carlo simulation model to value the award.

Earnings per Share

Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per common share incorporates the incremental shares issuable, calculated using the treasury stock method, upon the assumed exercise of NQSOs and the vesting of RSUs.

Contingencies

From time to time the Company is a defendant or plaintiff in various legal actions that arise in the normal course of business. The Company is also subject to income tax, indirect tax or other tax claims by tax agencies in jurisdictions in which it conducts business. In addition, the Company is a party to environmental matters including local, regional, state, and federal government clean-up activities at or near locations where the Company currently or has in the past conducted business. The Company is required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters as well as potential ranges of reasonably possible losses. A determination of the amount of reserves required for these commitments and contingencies that would be charged to earnings, if any, includes assessing the probability of adverse outcomes and estimating the amount of potential losses. The required reserves, if any, may change due to new developments in each matter or changes in circumstances such as a change in settlement strategy.

The Company also records contingent earn-out liabilities, which represent the Company’s requirement to make additional payments related to acquisitions based on certain performance targets achieved during the earn-out periods. The Company measures contingent earn-out liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. On a quarterly basis, the Company uses a Monte Carlo valuation method as a valuation technique to determine the value of the earn-out liability. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements are revenue projections over the earn-out period (or other specified performance targets) and the probability outcome percentages assigned to each scenario. Significant increases or decreases to either of these inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher or lower liability, with a higher liability capped by the contractual maximum of the contingent earn-out obligation.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance and Accounting Guidance Issued but Not Adopted

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASC 606, which requires an entity to recognize revenue from the transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance addresses, in particular, contracts with more than one performance obligation, as well as the accounting for some costs to obtain or fulfill a contract with a customer, and provides for additional disclosures with respect to revenues and cash flows arising from contracts with customers.

The Company adopted the standard, effective January 29, 2018, using the modified retrospective transition method which resulted in an adjustment to retained earnings for the cumulative effect of applying the standard to all contracts not completed as of the adoption date. The primary change associated with the adoption relates to the Company’s sales to distributors with return or price adjustment rights where the Company will no longer defer revenue until the resale by the distributor to the end customer, but rather, will record revenue at the time control transfers to the distributor. The Company estimated the effects of returns and allowances provided to these distributors. Upon adoption, including the effect of income taxes, opening retained earnings as of January 29, 2018 increased by $11.1 million net, as a result of these changes. The comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the accounting standards in effect for those periods.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Asset Transfers Other Than Inventory (Topic 740). This accounting standard update is aimed at recognizing the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory when they occur. This removes the exception to postpone the recognition of income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers until the asset has been sold to an outside party. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-16 using a modified retrospective transition method, resulting in a $1.6 million decrease in retained earnings, a $3.7 million net increase in deferred income tax assets, and a $5.5 million decrease in pre-paid taxes.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows: Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (Topic 230). The primary purpose of this ASU is to reduce the diversity in practice that has resulted from the lack of consistent principles on this topic. The Company adopted ASU 2016-15 in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019. The adoption of this standard did not result in any changes in classification in the statement of cash flows.

Accounting Guidance Issued but Not Adopted as of January 27, 2019

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income (ASC 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (AOCI), which gives entities the option to reclassify to retained earnings the tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“Tax Act”) related to items in AOCI that the FASB refers to as having been stranded in AOCI. The new guidance may be applied retrospectively to each period in which the effect of the Tax Act is recognized in the period of adoption. The Company must adopt this guidance for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued or made available for issuance, including the period the Tax Act was enacted. The guidance, when adopted, will require new disclosures regarding a company’s accounting policy for releasing the tax effects in AOCI and permit the Company the option to reclassify to retained earnings the tax effects resulting from the Tax Act that are stranded in AOCI. The Company will adopt this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020 and does not expect a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815). The new standard is designed to refine and expand hedge accounting for both financial (e.g., interest rate) and commodity risks. Its provisions create more transparency around how economic results are presented, both on the face of the financial statements and in the footnotes. It also makes certain targeted improvements to simplify the application of hedge accounting guidance. The new standard is effective for interim and annual fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption, including adoption in an interim period, is permitted. The Company will adopt this guidance in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020 and does not expect a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260); Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480); Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815). This standard addresses narrow issues identified as a result of the complexity associated with applying GAAP for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity. Part I addresses the complexity of accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features. Part II addresses the difficulty of navigating Topic 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, because of the existence of pending content in the ASC that results from the indefinite deferral of accounting requirements concerning mandatorily redeemable financial instruments of certain non-public entities and certain mandatorily redeemable non-controlling interests. The Company does not expect the adoption of this pronouncement to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842), which will require that substantially all leases be recognized by lessees on their balance sheets as a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability, including leases currently accounted for as operating leases with the exception of short-term leases. Public entities are required to apply the amendments for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and for interim periods within those annual periods. The Company will adopt this update beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020 utilizing the modified retrospective transition method by recognizing a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The Company expects to elect certain practical expedients permitted under the transition guidance within the standard.

Although the Company is evaluating the impact of adopting this guidance on its consolidated financial statements, the Company expects that most of its operating lease commitments will be recognized as operating lease liabilities and right-of-use assets upon adoption of this guidance. The Company’s leases primarily include, real estate leases (office space) and equipment leases. The Company will adopt the guidance as of January 28, 2019, and prior periods will not be adjusted. The Company continues to implement changes to its systems, processes and controls, in conjunction with its review of existing lease agreements. The Company expects the adoption of this guidance will result in an increase assets and liabilities in the range of $10.0 million to $15.0 million on its opening balance sheet as a result of recognizing new right-of-use assets and lease liabilities. The Company does not expect the adoption of this guidance to have a material impact to its consolidated statements of operations or on its total cash flows from operating, investing or financing activities.

The ultimate impact of adopting this guidance will depend on the Company's lease portfolio and other factors as of the transition date.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The fair values of the foreign exchange forward contracts are valued using Level 2 inputs. Foreign currency forward contracts are valued using readily available foreign currency forward and interest rate curves. The fair value of each contract is determined by comparing the contract rate to the forward rate and discounting to the present value. Contracts in a gain position are recorded in the Balance Sheets under the caption "Other current assets” and the value of contracts in a loss position are recorded under the caption "Accrued liabilities” within the Balance Sheets. Please see Note 17 for further discussion of the Company’s derivative instruments.

The convertible debt is valued using probability weighted cash flows (Level 3 inputs).

The AptoVision Earn-out liability (see Note 13) is valued utilizing estimates of annual revenue, adjusted earnings, and product development targets (Level 3 inputs) through July 2020. These estimates represent inputs for which market data are not available and are developed using the best information available about the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the liability.

The Cycleo Earn-out liability (see Note 13) is valued utilizing estimates of annual revenue and operating income (Level 3 inputs) through April 2020. These estimates represent inputs for which market data are not available and are developed using the best information available about the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the liability.

The Company measures contingent earn-out liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The Company uses a Monte Carlo valuation method as a valuation technique to determine the value of the earn-out liability. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurements are revenue projections over the earn-out period, and the probability outcome percentages assigned to each scenario. Significant increases or decreases to either of these inputs in isolation would result in a significantly higher or lower liability, with a higher liability capped by the contractual maximum of the contingent earn-out obligation. Ultimately, the liabilities will be equivalent to the amount paid, and the difference between the fair value estimate and amount paid will be recorded in earnings. For the AptoVision Earn-out and Cycleo Earn-out, these companies have business profiles comparable to a start-up company. Accordingly, their respective revenue projections are subject to significant revisions. This characteristic can result in volatile changes to the measurement of fair value for a given earn-out.

The Company reviews and re-assesses the estimated fair value of contingent consideration on a recurring basis, and the updated fair value could differ materially from the previous estimates. Adjustments to the estimated fair value related to changes in all other unobservable inputs are reported in operating income.

Instruments Not Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

Some of the Company’s financial instruments are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis but are recorded at amounts that approximate fair value due to their liquid or short-term nature. Such financial assets and financial liabilities include: cash and cash equivalents including money market deposits, net receivables, certain other assets, accounts payable, accrued expenses, accrued personnel costs, and other current liabilities.

The Company’s long-term debt is not recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, but is measured at fair value for disclosure purposes.

Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Non-Recurring Basis

The Company reduces the carrying amounts of its goodwill, intangible assets, long-lived assets, and non-marketable equity securities to fair value when held for sale or determined to be impaired.