Significant Accounting Policies

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Investments

The Company considers all highly-liquid investments with an original maturity of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash balances and investments in highly-qualified financial institutions. At various times such amounts are in excess of insured limits. Investments consist of government and corporate obligations and bank time deposits. The Company’s investment policy restricts investments to high credit quality investments with limits on the length to maturity and the amount invested with any one issuer. These investments, especially corporate obligations, are subject to default risk. The Company designates its investments as available for sale (“AFS”). Investments designated as AFS are reported at fair value. The Company records the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, in stockholders’ equity as a component of comprehensive income. Realized gains or losses are recorded in “Interest income and other (expense) income, net” in the consolidated statements of operations. The Company had restricted cash associated with certain lease commitments of $0.5 million as of both January 31, 2016 and January 25, 2015, respectively, presented in "Other assets" within the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Accounts Receivable and Allowances

Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value or the amount that the Company expects to collect on gross customer trade receivables. The Company evaluates the collectability of its accounts receivable based on a combination of factors. The Company generally does not require collateral on accounts receivable as the majority of the Company’s customers are large, well-established companies. Historically, bad debt provisions have been consistent with management’s expectations. If the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations after a sale has occurred, it records an allowance to reduce the net receivable to the amount it reasonably believes it will be able to collect from the customer. For all other customers, the Company recognizes allowances for doubtful accounts based on the length of time the receivables are past due, the current business environment and historical experience. If the financial condition of the Company’s customers were to deteriorate or if economic conditions worsen, additional allowances may be required in the future. All of the Company’s accounts receivables are trade-related receivables.

The Company records a provision for estimated sales returns in the same period as the related revenues are recorded. These estimates are based on historical sales returns and other known factors. Actual returns could be different from our estimates and current provisions for sales returns and allowances, resulting in future charges to earnings. The portion of the estimate sales returns where there are outstanding receivables are recorded on the balance sheet as a reduction to accounts receivable.

The Company records a provision for sales rebates in the same period as the related revenues are recorded. These estimates are based on sales activity during the period. The actual rebate could be different from current provisions for sales rebates, resulting in future adjustments to earnings. The estimated sales rebates for sales for which there are no outstanding receivables are recorded on the balance sheet under the heading of “Accrued liabilities.” The portion of the estimated sales rebate where there are outstanding receivables is recorded on the balance sheet as a reduction to accounts receivable.

A summary of allowances against accounts receivable for fiscal years ended January 31, 2016 and January 25, 2015 is as follows:



(in thousands)	January 31, 2016			January 25, 2015
Allowance for doubtful accounts	$	(889	)	$	(1,678	)
Sales rebate allowance	(5,006		)	—
Sales return allowance	(517		)	(379		)
Other allowances	(1,381		)	(1,466		)
Total	$	(7,793	)	$	(3,523	)

Inventories

Inventories are stated at lower of cost or market and consist of materials, labor and overhead. The Company determines the cost of inventory by the first-in, first-out method. The Company evaluates inventories for excess quantities and obsolescence. This evaluation includes analysis of sales levels by product and projections of future demand. In order to state the inventory at lower of cost or market, the Company maintains reserves against its inventory. If future demand or market conditions are less favorable than the Company’s projections, a write-down of inventory may be required, and would be reflected in cost of goods sold in the period the revision is made.

Business Combinations

The Company accounts for business combinations at fair value. Goodwill is measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the acquisition date net fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. All changes that do not qualify as measurement period adjustments are included in current period earnings. Significant judgment is required to determine the estimated fair value for assets and liabilities acquired and to assign their respective useful lives. The fair values assigned to tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including contingent consideration, are based on management’s estimates and assumptions, as well as other information compiled by management, including available historical information and valuations that utilize customary valuation procedures and techniques.

The Company employs the income approach to estimate the fair value of intangible assets, which is based on forecasts of the expected future cash flows attributable to the respective assets. The fair value of acquired in-process research and development projects (“IPR&D”) is determined using an income approach or replacement cost approach as applicable. The replacement cost approach is used for IPR&D projects that were considered long-term core investments and are not anticipated to be profitable for a period of time. IPR&D projects which are valued using an income approach, measured the returns attributable to each specific IPR&D project, discounted to present value using a risk-adjusted rate of return, including as appropriate, any tax benefits derived from amortizing the intangible assets for tax purposes. In determining significant estimates and assumptions inherent in the valuations, the Company considers the amount and timing of future cash flows (including expected growth rates and profitability), the underlying product life cycles, economic barriers to entry, a brand’s relative market position and the discount rate applied to the cash flows, among others.

If actual results differ from the estimates and judgments used in these estimates, the amounts recorded in the financial statements could result in a possible impairment of the intangible assets and goodwill, or require acceleration of the amortization expense of finite-lived intangible assets.

Variable Interest Entities

The Company is required to consolidate variable interest entities (“VIEs”) in which it has a controlling financial interest in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 810, “Consolidation”. A controlling financial interest will have both of the following characteristics: (i) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE.

The Company’s variable interest in VIEs may be in the form of equity ownership, contracts to purchase assets, management services, and development agreements between the Company and a VIE, loans provided by the Company to a VIE or other member, and/or guarantees provided by members to banks and other parties.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed over the estimated useful lives of the related asset type or term of the operating lease using the straight-line method for financial statement purposes. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred and the costs of additions and betterments that increase the useful lives of the assets are capitalized.

The estimated service lives for property and equipment is as follows:



	Estimated
	Useful Lives
Buildings and leasehold improvements	7 to 39 years
Enterprise resource planning systems	13 years
Machinery and equipment	5 to 8 years
Transportation vehicles	5 years
Furniture and fixtures	7 years
Computers and computer software	3 years

Impairment of Goodwill, Other Intangible and Long-Lived Assets

Goodwill

Goodwill is the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired in business combinations accounted for under the purchase method. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for impairment using a two-step method. Step one is the identification of potential impairment. The Company’s operating segments represent its reporting units since segment management, who report to the CODM, regularly review operating results and make resource allocation decisions at this level. This involves comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds the carrying amount, the goodwill of the reporting unit is considered not impaired and the second step of the impairment test is unnecessary. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step of the impairment test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The Company tests, by reporting unit, goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment at November 30 or more frequently if it believes indicators of impairment exist or if it makes changes to a reporting unit with assigned goodwill.

For its annual impairment review, the Company primarily uses an income approach, which incorporates multi-period excess earnings present value techniques (discounted cash flows) as well as other generally accepted valuation methodologies to determine the fair value of the assets using Level 3 inputs. The Company's assumptions incorporate judgments as to the price received to sell a reporting unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Considering the integration of its operations, the Company has assumed that the highest and best use of a reporting unit follows an “in-use” valuation premise.

Significant management judgment is required in determining the estimations of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, the long-term rate of growth for the Company's business, the useful life over which cash flows will occur, and the weighted average cost of capital. The value of goodwill, could be impacted by future adverse changes such as: (i) any future declines in operating results, (ii) a decline in the valuation of technology company stocks, including the valuation of the Company's common stock, (iii) a significant slowdown in the worldwide economy and the semiconductor industry or (iv) any failure to meet the Company's performance projections included in its forecasts of future operating results.

Other Intangibles and Long-lived Assets

Finite-lived intangible assets resulting from business acquisitions or technology licenses purchased are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The useful lives of acquisition-related intangible assets represent the point where over 90% of realizable undiscounted cash flows for each intangible asset are recognized. The assigned useful lives are based upon the Company’s historical experience with similar technology and other intangible assets owned by the Company. The useful life of technology licenses is usually based on the term of the agreement.

In-process research and development is recorded at fair value as of the date of acquisition as an indefinite-lived intangible asset until the completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts or impairment. Upon completion of development, acquired in-process research and development assets are transferred to finite-lived intangible assets and amortized over their useful lives.

The Company reviews indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis in conjunction with goodwill or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Recoverability of indefinite-lived intangible assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the future discounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate. Also, the Company reassesses the estimated remaining useful lives of any impaired assets and adjusts accordingly estimates of future amortization expense related to these assets.

The Company assesses finite-lived intangibles and long-lived assets for impairment when indicators of impairment, such as reductions in demand or significant economic slowdowns in the semiconductor industry, are present. Reviews are performed to determine whether the carrying value of an asset is impaired, based on comparisons to undiscounted expected future cash flows. If this comparison indicates that there is impairment, the impaired asset is written down to fair value, which is typically calculated using: (i) quoted market prices and/or (ii) discounted expected future cash flows utilizing a discount rate. Impairment is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value of those assets.

Cost Method Investments

The Company reviews its cost method investments on a regular basis to evaluate whether or not any investment has experienced an other-than-temporary decline in fair value. The Company considers factors such as the length of time and extent to which the market value has been less than the cost, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the issuer and its intent to sell, or whether it is more likely than not the Company will be required to sell the investment before recovery of the investment's amortized cost basis. If the Company believes that an other-than-temporary decline exists in one of these investments, the Company writes down the impaired investment to fair value. Any impairment to these investments would be recorded as a non-operating expense in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Functional Currency

The Company has concluded that, with the exception of a subsidiary based in Reynosa, Mexico, the functional currency of all subsidiaries is the United States Dollar.

Fair Value Measurements

When determining the fair value measurements for assets and liabilities required or permitted to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which it would transact and considers assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions, and risk of nonperformance. The Company uses the following three levels of inputs in determining the fair value of the Company’s assets and liabilities, focusing on the most observable inputs when available:

Level 1 - Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 - Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets with insufficient volume or infrequent transactions (less active markets); or model-derived valuations in which all significant inputs are observable or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology that are significant to the measurement of fair value of assets or liabilities.

To the extent that valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, for disclosure purposes, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement is disclosed is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes product revenue when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and collectability is probable. Recovery of costs associated with product design and engineering services are recognized during the period in which services are performed. The product design and engineering recovery, when recognized, will be reported as a reduction to product development and engineering expense. Historically, these recoveries have not exceeded the cost of the related development efforts.

The Company includes revenue related to granted technology licenses as part of “Net sales.” Historically, revenue from these arrangements has not been significant though it is part of its recurring ordinary business.

The Company defers revenue recognition on shipment of products to certain customers, principally distributors, under agreements which provide for limited pricing credits or return privileges, until these products are sold through to end-users or the return privileges lapse. For sales subject to certain pricing credits or return privileges, the amount of future pricing credits or inventory returns cannot be reasonably estimated given the relatively long period in which a particular product may be held by the customer. Therefore, the Company has concluded that sales to customers under these agreements are not fixed and determinable at the date of the sale and revenue recognition has been deferred. The Company estimates the deferred gross margin on these sales by applying an average gross profit margin to the actual gross sales. The average gross profit margin is calculated for each category of material using standard costs which is expected to approximate actual costs at the date of sale. The estimated deferred gross margins on these sales, where there are no outstanding receivables, are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets under the heading of “Deferred revenue.”

The Company records a provision for estimated sales returns in the same period as the related revenues are recorded. The Company bases these estimates on historical sales returns and other known factors. Actual returns could be different from Company estimates and current provisions for sales returns and allowances, resulting in future charges to earnings. There were no significant impairments of deferred cost of sales in fiscal years 2016, 2015 or 2014.

The Company records a provision for sales rebates in the same period as the related revenues are recorded. These estimates are based on sales activity during the period. Actual rebates given could be different from our estimates and current provisions for sales rebates, resulting in future charges to earnings. The estimated sales rebates for sales activity during the period where there are no outstanding receivables are recorded on the balance sheet under the heading of “Accrued liabilities.” The portion of the estimated sales rebate where there are outstanding receivables is recorded on the balance sheet as a reduction to accounts receivable.

The following table summarizes the deferred revenue balance:



(in thousands)	January 31, 2016			January 25, 2015
Deferred revenues	$	5,991		$	6,237
Deferred cost of revenues	(1,139		)	(1,562		)
Deferred revenue, net	4,852			4,675
Deferred product design and engineering recoveries	3,776			1,173
Total deferred revenue	$	8,628		$	5,848

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales includes materials, depreciation on fixed assets used in the manufacturing process, shipping costs, direct labor and overhead.

Sales and Marketing

The Company expenses sales and marketing costs, which include advertising costs, as they are incurred. Advertising costs were $0.2 million, $0.1 million and $0.1 million for fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Product Development and Engineering

Product development and engineering costs are charged to expense as incurred. Recoveries from nonrecurring engineering services are recorded as an offset to product development expense incurred in support of this effort since these activities do not represent an earnings process core to the Company’s business and serve as a mechanism to partially recover development expenditures.

The Company received approximately $21.1 million, $29.3 million and $17.6 million in fiscal years 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively for nonrecurring engineering services.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and their respective tax bases. The consolidated balance sheets include current and long term prepaid taxes under “Prepaid taxes” and “Other assets” and current and long term liabilities for uncertain tax positions under “Accrued liabilities” and “Other long-term liabilities.”

As part of the process of preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements, the Company estimates income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates. This process involves estimating the current tax liability together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differing treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. The Company must assess the likelihood that its deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent the Company believes that recovery is not likely, it must establish a valuation allowance. To the extent the Company changes its valuation allowance in a period, the change is generally recorded through the tax provision on the consolidated statements of operations.

The income tax effects of share-based payments are recognized for financial reporting purposes only if such awards are expected to result in a tax deduction. The Company does not recognize a deferred tax asset for an excess tax benefit (that is, a tax benefit that exceeds the tax benefit for the amount of compensation cost recognized for the award for financial reporting purposes) that has not been realized. In determining when an excess tax benefit is realized, the Company has elected to follow the ordering provision of the tax law.

For intra-entity differences between the tax basis of an asset in the buyer’s tax jurisdiction and their cost as reported in the consolidated financial statements, the Company does not recognize a deferred tax asset. Income taxes paid on intra-entity profits on assets remaining within the group are accounted for as prepaid taxes. See Note 13 for further discussion of income taxes.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

Other comprehensive income includes unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale investments, unrealized loss on interest rate hedging activities and foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax. This information is provided in our consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The following table summarizes the changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) by component:



(in thousands)	Available for Sale Investments			Interest Rate Hedge			Cumulative Translation Adjustments		Total
Balance at January 27, 2013	$	5		$	(353	)	$	701	$	353
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of tax	(5		)	(145		)	—		(150		)
Amounts reclassified, net of tax	—			50			—		50
Net current period other comprehensive income (loss)	(5		)	(95		)	—		(100		)
Balance at January 26, 2014	—			(448		)	701		253
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of tax	—			(243		)	—		(243		)
Amounts reclassified, net of tax	—			153			—		153
Net current period other comprehensive loss	—			(90		)	—		(90		)
Balance at January 25, 2015	—			(538		)	701		163
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications, net of tax	—			(33		)	—		(33		)
Amounts reclassified, net of tax	—			523			—		523
Net current period other comprehensive loss	—			490			—		490
Balance at January 31, 2016	$	—		$	(48	)	$	701	$	653

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has various equity award plans (“Plans”) that provide for granting stock based awards to employees and non-employee directors of the Company. The Plans provide for the granting of several available forms of stock compensation. As of January 31, 2016, the Company has granted stock option awards (“Options”) and restricted stock unit awards (“RSU”) under the Plans and has also issued some stock-based compensation outside of the Plans, including options and restricted stock issued as inducements to join the Company.

Earnings (Loss) per Share

The computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share was as follows:



	Fiscal Year Ended
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	January 31, 2016		January 25, 2015		January 26, 2014
Net income (loss)	$	11,497	$	27,947	$	(164,466	)

Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic	65,657		67,108		67,471
Dilutive effect of employee equity incentive plans	304		577		—
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted	65,961		67,685		67,471
Basic earnings (loss) per common share	$	0.18	$	0.42	$	(2.44	)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share	$	0.17	$	0.41	$	(2.44	)
Anti-dilutive shares not included in the above calculations	2,569		1,714		1,245

Basic earnings (loss) per common share is computed by dividing income available to common shareholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share incorporates the incremental shares issuable, calculated using the treasury stock method, upon the assumed exercise of stock options and the vesting of restricted stock.

Contingencies

The Company accrues an undiscounted liability for contingencies where the incurrence of a loss is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, and the Company discloses the amount accrued and the amount of a reasonably possible loss in excess of the amount accrued, if such disclosure is necessary for our financial statements not to be misleading. The Company does not record liabilities when the likelihood that the liability has been incurred is probable but the amount cannot be reasonably estimated, or when the liability is believed to be only reasonably possible or remote.

Because litigation outcomes are inherently unpredictable, the Company’s evaluation of legal proceedings often involves a series of complex assessments by management about future events and can rely heavily on estimates and assumptions. If the assessments indicate that loss contingencies that could be material to any one of our financial statements are not probable, but are reasonably possible, or are probable, but cannot be estimated, then the Company discloses the nature of the loss contingencies, together with an estimate of the range of possible loss or a statement that such loss is not reasonably estimable.

The Company also records contingent earn-out liabilities which represent the Company’s requirement to make additional payments related to acquisitions based on certain performance targets achieved during the earn-out periods. For such earn-outs, the Company estimates the fair value based on probability assessments of achieving the specified performance targets.

Subsequent Events

The Company evaluates all events through the issuance date of the consolidated financial statements to determine whether any subsequent events have occurred that require recognition or disclosure.