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Income Taxes
6 Months Ended
Jul. 31, 2016
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Taxes

5. Income Taxes

Income tax benefit (expense) for continuing operations of $0.7 million and $(0.5) million were recorded in the three and six months ended July 31, 2016, compared to $3.0 million and $2.2 million for the same periods last year. We recorded no tax benefit on domestic deferred tax assets and certain foreign deferred tax assets generated during the three and six months ended July 31, 2016 and 2015.  The effective tax rates for continuing operations for the three and six months ended July 31, 2016 were 12.2% and (3.5)%, compared to 11.3% and 6.9% for the same periods last year. The difference between the effective tax rates and the statutory tax rates resulted primarily from valuation allowances recorded during the respective periods on current year losses.    

After valuation allowances, we maintain no domestic net deferred tax assets and $0.8 million of deferred tax assets from various foreign jurisdictions where management believes that realization is more likely than not. In order for our foreign subsidiaries to fully realize the deferred tax asset, they will need to generate taxable income totaling $2.6 million in relation to where the deferred tax assets are recorded.  We will continue to evaluate all of the evidence in future quarters and will make a determination as to whether it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will be realized in future periods. The establishment of a valuation allowance does not have any impact on cash, nor does such an allowance preclude us from using our loss carryforwards or utilizing other deferred tax assets in the future.

As of July 31, 2016, and January 31, 2016, the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits recorded was $10.2 million and $10.8 million, respectively, of which substantially all would affect the effective tax rate if recognized. It is reasonably possible that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will decrease during the next twelve months by approximately $3.4 million due to settlements of audit issues. We classify uncertain tax positions as non-current income tax liabilities unless expected to be paid within one year. We report income tax-related interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense. As of July 31, 2016, and January 31, 2016, the total amount of liability for income tax-related interest and penalties was $8.0 million and $7.8 million, respectively.