10-Q

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017

or

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-14965

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	13-4019460
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
200 West Street, New York, N.Y.	10282
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

(212) 902-1000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

  Large accelerated filer  ☒                     Accelerated filer  ☐

Non-accelerated filer  ☐ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)         Smaller reporting company  ☐

Emerging growth company  ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS

As of October 20, 2017, there were 377,201,479 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding.

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017

INDEX

Form 10-Q Item Number	Page No.
PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION		1
Item 1
Financial Statements (Unaudited)		1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings		1
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income		2
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition		3
Condensed Consolidated Statements of  Changes in Shareholders’ Equity		4
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows		5
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements		6
Note 1.   Description of Business		6
Note 2.   Basis of Presentation		6
Note 3.   Significant Accounting Policies		7
Note 4.    Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased		14
Note 5.   Fair Value Measurements		15
Note 6.   Cash Instruments		16
Note 7.    Derivatives and Hedging Activities		23
Note 8.   Fair Value Option		34
Note 9.   Loans Receivable		41
Note 10. Collateralized Agreements and Financings		45
Note 11. Securitization Activities		48
Note 12. Variable Interest Entities		50
Note 13. Other Assets		53
Note 14. Deposits		56
Note 15. Short-Term Borrowings		57
Note 16. Long-Term Borrowings		57
Note 17. Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses		60
Note 18. Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees		60
Note 19. Shareholders’ Equity		64
Note 20. Regulation and Capital Adequacy		67
Note 21. Earnings Per Common Share		76
Note 22. Transactions with Affiliated Funds		76
Note 23. Interest Income and Interest Expense		77
Note 24. Income Taxes		77
Note 25. Business Segments		78
Note 26. Credit Concentrations		80
Note  27. Legal Proceedings		81

	Page No.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm		89
Statistical Disclosures		90
Item 2
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations		92
Introduction		92
Executive Overview		92
Business Environment		93
Critical Accounting Policies		94
Recent Accounting Developments		96
Use of Estimates		96
Results of Operations		97
Balance Sheet and Funding Sources		108
Equity Capital Management and Regulatory Capital		113
Regulatory Matters and Developments		118
Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations		121
Risk Management		123
Overview and Structure of Risk Management		123
Liquidity Risk Management		128
Market Risk Management		135
Credit Risk Management		140
Operational Risk Management		146
Model Risk Management		147
Available Information		148
Cautionary Statement Pursuant to the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995		149
Item 3
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk		150
Item 4
Controls and Procedures		150
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION		150
Item 1
Legal Proceedings		150
Item 2
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds		150
Item 6
Exhibits		151
SIGNATURES		151

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1.    Financial Statements (Unaudited)

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September				Nine Months Ended September
in millions, except per share amounts		2017	2016			2017	2016
Revenues
Investment banking		$1,797	$1,537			$  5,230	$  4,787
Investment management		1,419	1,386			4,249	3,908
Commissions and fees		714	753			2,279	2,447
Market making		2,112	2,715			6,445	7,067
Other principal transactions		1,554	1,163			4,002	1,978
Total non-interest revenues		7,596	7,554			22,205	20,187
Interest income		3,411	2,389			9,377	7,267
Interest expense		2,681	1,775			7,343	5,016
Net interest income		730	614			2,034	2,251
Net revenues, including net interest income		8,326	8,168			24,239	22,438
Operating expenses
Compensation and benefits		3,172	3,207			9,696	9,200
Brokerage, clearing, exchange and distribution fees		625	613			1,903	1,929
Market development		138	92			413	326
Communications and technology		220	207			667	609
Depreciation and amortization		280	247			802	731
Occupancy		177	245			543	609
Professional fees		227	222			661	673
Other expenses		511	467			1,530	1,454
Total non-compensation expenses		2,178	2,093			6,519	6,331
Total operating expenses		5,350	5,300			16,215	15,531
Pre-tax earnings		2,976	2,868			8,024	6,907
Provision for taxes		848	774			1,810	1,856
Net earnings		2,128	2,094			6,214	5,051
Preferred stock dividends		93	(6	)		386	117
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders		$2,035	$2,100			$  5,828	$  4,934
Earnings per common share
Basic		$  5.09	$  4.96			$  14.32	$  11.40
Diluted		$  5.02	$  4.88			$  14.11	$  11.24
Dividends declared per common share		$  0.75	$  0.65			$    2.15	$    1.95
Average common shares
Basic		398.2	422.4			405.6	431.5
Diluted		405.7	430.2			413.0	438.8

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

1 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Net earnings		$2,128		$2,094			$6,214		$5,051
Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax:
Currency translation		6		(19	)		19		(58	)
Debt valuation adjustment		(104	)	(13	)		(518	)	(75	)
Pension and postretirement liabilities		1		1			2		(36	)
Available-for-sale securities		(4	)	–			(3	)	–
Other comprehensive loss		(101	)	(31	)		(500	)	(169	)
Comprehensive income		$2,027		$2,063			$5,714		$4,882

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 2

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

(Unaudited)

	As of
$ in millions, except per share amounts		September 2017		December 2016
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$116,610		$121,711
Collateralized agreements:
Securities purchased under agreements to resell (includes $112,108 and $116,077 at fair value)		112,532		116,925
Securities borrowed (includes $74,121 and $82,398 at fair value)		188,394		184,600
Receivables:
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		28,448		18,044
Customers and counterparties (includes $3,519 and $3,266 at fair value)		59,695		47,780
Loans receivable		61,486		49,672
Financial instruments owned (at fair value and includes $54,266 and $51,278 pledged as collateral)		333,474		295,952
Other assets		29,493		25,481
Total assets		$930,132		$860,165
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Deposits (includes $23,752 and $13,782 at fair value)		$132,761		$124,098
Collateralized financings:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (at fair value)		86,424		71,816
Securities loaned (includes $5,038 and $2,647 at fair value)		13,160		7,524
Other secured financings (includes $22,303 and $21,073 at fair value)		22,739		21,523
Payables:
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		9,502		4,386
Customers and counterparties		193,484		184,069
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased (at fair value)		114,713		117,143
Unsecured short-term borrowings (includes $17,755 and $14,792 at fair value)		45,357		39,265
Unsecured long-term borrowings (includes $35,961 and $29,410 at fair value)		211,852		189,086
Other liabilities and accrued expenses (includes $261 and $621 at fair value)		13,848		14,362
Total liabilities		843,840		773,272
Commitments, contingencies and guarantees
Shareholders’ equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; aggregate liquidation preference of $11,203 and $11,203		11,203		11,203
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 882,339,255 and 873,608,100 shares issued, and 379,098,583 and 392,632,230 shares outstanding		9		9
Share-based awards		3,355		3,914
Nonvoting common stock, $0.01 par value; no shares issued and outstanding		–		–
Additional paid-in capital		53,294		52,638
Retained earnings		93,958		89,039
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(1,716	)	(1,216	)
Stock held in treasury, at cost, $0.01 par value; 503,240,674 and 480,975,872 shares		(73,811	)	(68,694	)
Total shareholders’ equity		86,292		86,893
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity		$930,132		$860,165

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(Unaudited)

$ in millions	Nine Months Ended September 2017		Year Ended December 2016
Preferred stock
Beginning balance	$ 11,203		$ 11,200
Issued	–		1,325
Redeemed	–		(1,322	)
Ending balance	11,203		11,203
Common stock
Beginning balance	9		9
Issued	–		–
Ending balance	9		9
Share-based awards
Beginning balance, as previously reported	3,914		4,151
Cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle related to forfeiture of share-based awards	35		–
Beginning balance, adjusted	3,949		4,151
Issuance and amortization of share-based awards	1,631		2,143
Delivery of common stock underlying share-based awards	(2,041	)	(2,068	)
Forfeiture of share-based awards	(54	)	(102	)
Exercise of share-based awards	(130	)	(210	)
Ending balance	3,355		3,914
Additional paid-in capital
Beginning balance	52,638		51,340
Delivery of common stock underlying share-based awards	2,215		2,282
Cancellation of share-based awards in satisfaction of withholding tax requirements	(1,556	)	(1,121	)
Preferred stock issuance costs, net	–		(10	)
Excess net tax benefit related to share-based awards	–		147
Cash settlement of share-based awards	(3	)	–
Ending balance	53,294		52,638
Retained earnings
Beginning balance, as previously reported	89,039		83,386
Cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle related to debt valuation adjustment, net of tax	–		(305	)
Cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle related to forfeiture of share-based awards, net of tax	(24	)	–
Beginning balance, adjusted	89,015		83,081
Net earnings	6,214		7,398
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock and share-based awards	(885	)	(1,129	)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	(386	)	(577	)
Preferred stock redemption discount	–		266
Ending balance	93,958		89,039
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Beginning balance, as previously reported	(1,216	)	(718	)
Cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle related to debt valuation adjustment, net of tax	–		305
Beginning balance, adjusted	(1,216	)	(413	)
Other comprehensive loss	(500	)	(803	)
Ending balance	(1,716	)	(1,216	)
Stock held in treasury, at cost
Beginning balance	(68,694	)	(62,640	)
Repurchased	(5,135	)	(6,069	)
Reissued	28		22
Other	(10	)	(7	)
Ending balance	(73,811	)	(68,694	)
Total shareholders’ equity	$ 86,292		$ 86,893

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 4

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016
Cash flows from operating activities
Net earnings		$    6,214		$    5,051
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by/(used for) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		802		731
Share-based compensation		1,610		1,943
Gain related to extinguishment of subordinated borrowings		(108	)	–
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables and payables (excluding loans receivable), net		(8,648	)	(13,524	)
Collateralized transactions (excluding other secured financings), net		20,842		4,864
Financial instruments owned		(35,004	)	5,762
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		(2,430	)	(29	)
Other, net		5,603		(1,833	)
Net cash provided by/(used for) operating activities		(11,119	)	2,965
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property, leasehold improvements and equipment		(2,210	)	(2,063	)
Proceeds from sales of property, leasehold improvements and equipment		436		332
Net cash acquired in/(used for) business acquisitions		(1,848	)	15,754
Purchase of investments		(3,271	)	–
Proceeds from sales and paydowns of investments		1,275		1,209
Loans receivable, net		(12,468	)	(3,930	)
Net cash provided by/(used for) investing activities		(18,086	)	11,302
Cash flows from financing activities
Unsecured short-term borrowings, net		907		140
Other secured financings (short-term), net		(1,757	)	395
Proceeds from issuance of other secured financings (long-term)		6,518		2,377
Repayment of other secured financings (long-term), including the current portion		(3,605	)	(6,486	)
Purchase of APEX, senior guaranteed securities and trust preferred securities		(62	)	(1,171	)
Proceeds from issuance of unsecured long-term borrowings		44,831		39,134
Repayment of unsecured long-term borrowings, including the current portion		(25,107	)	(29,198	)
Derivative contracts with a financing element, net		1,684		81
Deposits, net		8,664		10,510
Common stock repurchased		(5,143	)	(4,590	)
Settlement of share-based awards in satisfaction of withholding tax requirements		(1,559	)	(961	)
Dividends and dividend equivalents paid on common stock, preferred stock and share-based awards		(1,271	)	(1,238	)
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs		–		1,303
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, including exercise of share-based awards		7		1
Cash settlement of share-based awards		(3	)	–
Net cash provided by financing activities		24,104		10,297
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		(5,101	)	24,564
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance		121,711		93,439
Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance		$116,610		$118,003

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:

Cash payments for interest, net of capitalized interest, were $12.11 billion and $5.40 billion, and cash payments for income taxes, net of refunds, were $671 million and $767 million during the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively. Cash flows related to common stock repurchased includes common stock repurchased in the prior period for which settlement occurred during the current period and excludes common stock repurchased during the current period for which settlement occurred in the following period.

Non-cash activities during the nine months ended September 2017:

• The firm exchanged $62 million of Trust Preferred Securities and common beneficial interests for $67 million of the firm’s junior subordinated debt.

Non-cash activities during the nine months ended September 2016:

• The impact of adoption of ASU No. 2015-02 was a net reduction to both total assets and liabilities of approximately $200 million. See Note 3 for further information.

• The firm sold assets and liabilities of $1.81 billion and $697 million, respectively, that were previously classified as held for sale, in exchange for $1.11 billion of financial instruments.

• The firm exchanged $1.04 billion of APEX for $1.31 billion of Series E and Series F Preferred Stock. See Note 19 for further information.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

5 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 1.

Description of Business

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (Group Inc. or parent company), a Delaware corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the firm), is a leading global investment banking, securities and investment management firm that provides a wide range of financial services to a substantial and diversified client base that includes corporations, financial institutions, governments and individuals. Founded in 1869, the firm is headquartered in New York and maintains offices in all major financial centers around the world.

The firm reports its activities in the following four business segments:

Investment Banking

The firm provides a broad range of investment banking services to a diverse group of corporations, financial institutions, investment funds and governments. Services include strategic advisory assignments with respect to mergers and acquisitions, divestitures, corporate defense activities, restructurings, spin-offs and risk management, and debt and equity underwriting of public offerings and private placements, including local and cross-border transactions and acquisition financing, as well as derivative transactions directly related to these activities.

Institutional Client Services

The firm facilitates client transactions and makes markets in fixed income, equity, currency and commodity products, primarily with institutional clients such as corporations, financial institutions, investment funds and governments. The firm also makes markets in and clears client transactions on major stock, options and futures exchanges worldwide and provides financing, securities lending and other prime brokerage services to institutional clients.

Investing & Lending

The firm invests in and originates loans to provide financing to clients. These investments and loans are typically longer-term in nature. The firm makes investments, some of which are consolidated, directly and indirectly through funds that the firm manages, in debt securities and loans, public and private equity securities, infrastructure and real estate entities. The firm also makes unsecured loans to individuals through its online platform.

Investment Management

The firm provides investment management services and offers investment products (primarily through separately managed accounts and commingled vehicles, such as mutual funds and private investment funds) across all major asset classes to a diverse set of institutional and individual clients. The firm also offers wealth advisory services, including portfolio management and financial counseling, and brokerage and other transaction services to high-net-worth individuals and families.

Note 2.

Basis of Presentation

These condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) and include the accounts of Group Inc. and all other entities in which the firm has a controlling financial interest. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

These condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the firm’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. References to “the 2016 Form 10-K” are to the firm’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. The condensed consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2016 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements not included in these financial statements.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. These adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Interim period operating results may not be indicative of the operating results for a full year.

All references to September 2017, June 2017 and September 2016 refer to the firm’s periods ended, or the dates, as the context requires, September 30, 2017, June 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively. All references to December 2016 refer to the date December 31, 2016. Any reference to a future year refers to a year ending on December 31 of that year. Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported amounts to conform to the current presentation.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 6

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 3.

Significant Accounting Policies

The firm’s significant accounting policies include when and how to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities, accounting for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, and when to consolidate an entity. See Notes 5 through 8 for policies on fair value measurements, Note 13 for policies on goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, and below and Note 12 for policies on consolidation accounting. All other significant accounting policies are either described below or included in the following footnotes:

Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased	Note 4
Fair Value Measurements	Note 5
Cash Instruments	Note 6
Derivatives and Hedging Activities	Note 7
Fair Value Option	Note 8
Loans Receivable	Note 9
Collateralized Agreements and Financings	Note 10
Securitization Activities	Note 11
Variable Interest Entities	Note 12
Other Assets	Note 13
Deposits	Note 14
Short-Term Borrowings	Note 15
Long-Term Borrowings	Note 16
Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses	Note 17
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees	Note 18
Shareholders’ Equity	Note 19
Regulation and Capital Adequacy	Note 20
Earnings Per Common Share	Note 21
Transactions with Affiliated Funds	Note 22
Interest Income and Interest Expense	Note 23
Income Taxes	Note 24
Business Segments	Note 25
Credit Concentrations	Note 26
Legal Proceedings	Note 27

Consolidation

The firm consolidates entities in which the firm has a controlling financial interest. The firm determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity or a variable interest entity (VIE).

Voting Interest Entities. Voting interest entities are entities in which (i) the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable the entity to finance its activities independently and (ii) the equity holders have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact its economic performance, the obligation to absorb the losses of the entity and the right to receive the residual returns of the entity. The usual condition for a controlling financial interest in a voting interest entity is ownership of a majority voting interest. If the firm has a controlling majority voting interest in a voting interest entity, the entity is consolidated.

Variable Interest Entities. A VIE is an entity that lacks one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. The firm has a controlling financial interest in a VIE when the firm has a variable interest or interests that provide it with (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. See Note 12 for further information about VIEs.

Equity-Method Investments. When the firm does not have a controlling financial interest in an entity but can exert significant influence over the entity’s operating and financial policies, the investment is accounted for either (i) under the equity method of accounting or (ii) at fair value by electing the fair value option available under U.S. GAAP. Significant influence generally exists when the firm owns 20% to 50% of the entity’s common stock or in-substance common stock.

In general, the firm accounts for investments acquired after the fair value option became available, at fair value. In certain cases, the firm applies the equity method of accounting to new investments that are strategic in nature or closely related to the firm’s principal business activities, when the firm has a significant degree of involvement in the cash flows or operations of the investee or when cost-benefit considerations are less significant. See Note 13 for further information about equity-method investments.

7 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Investment Funds. The firm has formed numerous investment funds with third-party investors. These funds are typically organized as limited partnerships or limited liability companies for which the firm acts as general partner or manager. Generally, the firm does not hold a majority of the economic interests in these funds. These funds are usually voting interest entities and generally are not consolidated because third-party investors typically have rights to terminate the funds or to remove the firm as general partner or manager. Investments in these funds are generally measured at net asset value (NAV) and are included in “Financial instruments owned.” See Notes 6, 18 and 22 for further information about investments in funds.

Use of Estimates

Preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions, the most important of which relate to fair value measurements, accounting for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, discretionary compensation accruals, the provisions for losses that may arise from litigation, regulatory proceedings (including governmental investigations) and tax audits, and the allowance for losses on loans receivable and lending commitments held for investment. These estimates and assumptions are based on the best available information but actual results could be materially different.

Revenue Recognition

Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities at Fair Value. Financial instruments owned and Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased are recorded at fair value either under the fair value option or in accordance with other U.S. GAAP. In addition, the firm has elected to account for certain of its other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value by electing the fair value option. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial assets are marked to bid prices and financial liabilities are marked to offer prices. Fair value measurements do not include transaction costs. Fair value gains or losses are generally included in “Market making” for positions in Institutional Client Services and “Other principal transactions” for positions in Investing & Lending. See Notes 5 through 8 for further information about fair value measurements.

Investment Banking. Fees from financial advisory assignments and underwriting revenues are recognized in earnings when the services related to the underlying transaction are completed under the terms of the assignment. Expenses associated with such transactions are deferred until the related revenue is recognized or the assignment is otherwise concluded. Expenses associated with financial advisory assignments are recorded as non-compensation expenses, net of client reimbursements. Underwriting revenues are presented net of related expenses.

Investment Management. The firm earns management fees and incentive fees for investment management services. Management fees for mutual funds are calculated as a percentage of daily net asset value and are received monthly. Management fees for hedge funds and separately managed accounts are calculated as a percentage of month-end net asset value and are generally received quarterly. Management fees for private equity funds are calculated as a percentage of monthly invested capital or commitments and are received quarterly, semi-annually or annually, depending on the fund. All management fees are recognized over the period that the related service is provided. Incentive fees are calculated as a percentage of a fund’s or separately managed account’s return, or excess return above a specified benchmark or other performance target. Incentive fees are generally based on investment performance over a 12-month period or over the life of a fund. Fees that are based on performance over a 12-month period are subject to adjustment prior to the end of the measurement period. For fees that are based on investment performance over the life of the fund, future investment underperformance may require fees previously distributed to the firm to be returned to the fund. Incentive fees are recognized only when all material contingencies have been resolved. Management and incentive fee revenues are included in “Investment management” revenues.

The firm makes payments to brokers and advisors related to the placement of the firm’s investment funds. These payments are calculated based on either a percentage of the management fee or the investment fund’s net asset value. Where the firm is principal to the arrangement, such costs are recorded on a gross basis and included in “Brokerage, clearing, exchange and distribution fees,” and where the firm is agent to the arrangement, such costs are recorded on a net basis in “Investment management” revenues.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 8

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Commissions and Fees. The firm earns “Commissions and fees” from executing and clearing client transactions on stock, options and futures markets, as well as over-the-counter (OTC) transactions. Commissions and fees are recognized on the day the trade is executed.

Transfers of Financial Assets

Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when the firm has relinquished control over the assets transferred. For transfers of financial assets accounted for as sales, any gains or losses are recognized in net revenues. Assets or liabilities that arise from the firm’s continuing involvement with transferred financial assets are initially recognized at fair value. For transfers of financial assets that are not accounted for as sales, the assets generally remain in “Financial instruments owned” and the transfer is accounted for as a collateralized financing, with the related interest expense recognized over the life of the transaction. See Note 10 for further information about transfers of financial assets accounted for as collateralized financings and Note 11 for further information about transfers of financial assets accounted for as sales.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The firm defines cash equivalents as highly liquid overnight deposits held in the ordinary course of business. As of September 2017 and December 2016, “Cash and cash equivalents” included $11.66 billion and $11.15 billion, respectively, of cash and due from banks, and $104.95 billion and $110.56 billion, respectively, of interest-bearing deposits with banks. The firm segregates cash for regulatory and other purposes related to client activity. As of September 2017 and December 2016, $17.42 billion and $14.65 billion, respectively, of “Cash and cash equivalents” were segregated for regulatory and other purposes. See “Recent Accounting Developments” for further information. In addition, the firm segregates securities for regulatory and other purposes related to client activity. See Note 10 for further information about segregated securities.

Receivables from and Payables to Brokers, Dealers and Clearing Organizations

Receivables from and payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations are accounted for at cost plus accrued interest, which generally approximates fair value. While these receivables and payables are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these receivables and payables been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Receivables from Customers and Counterparties

Receivables from customers and counterparties generally relate to collateralized transactions. Such receivables primarily consist of customer margin loans, certain transfers of assets accounted for as secured loans rather than purchases at fair value and collateral posted in connection with certain derivative transactions. Substantially all of these receivables are accounted for at amortized cost net of estimated uncollectible amounts. Certain of the firm’s receivables from customers and counterparties are accounted for at fair value under the fair value option, with changes in fair value generally included in “Market making” revenues. See Note 8 for further information about receivables from customers and counterparties accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. In addition, as of September 2017 and December 2016, the firm’s receivables from customers and counterparties included $3.28 billion and $2.60 billion, respectively, of loans held for sale, accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. See Note 5 for an overview of the firm’s fair value measurement policies.

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the carrying value of receivables not accounted for at fair value generally approximated fair value. While these receivables are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these receivables been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016. Interest on receivables from customers and counterparties is recognized over the life of the transaction and included in “Interest income.”

Payables to Customers and Counterparties

Payables to customers and counterparties primarily consist of customer credit balances related to the firm’s prime brokerage activities. Payables to customers and counterparties are accounted for at cost plus accrued interest, which generally approximates fair value. While these payables are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these payables been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016. Interest on payables to customers and counterparties is recognized over the life of the transaction and included in “Interest expense.”

9 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

To reduce credit exposures on derivatives and securities financing transactions, the firm may enter into master netting agreements or similar arrangements (collectively, netting agreements) with counterparties that permit it to offset receivables and payables with such counterparties. A netting agreement is a contract with a counterparty that permits net settlement of multiple transactions with that counterparty, including upon the exercise of termination rights by a non-defaulting party. Upon exercise of such termination rights, all transactions governed by the netting agreement are terminated and a net settlement amount is calculated. In addition, the firm receives and posts cash and securities collateral with respect to its derivatives and securities financing transactions, subject to the terms of the related credit support agreements or similar arrangements (collectively, credit support agreements). An enforceable credit support agreement grants the non-defaulting party exercising termination rights the right to liquidate the collateral and apply the proceeds to any amounts owed. In order to assess enforceability of the firm’s right of setoff under netting and credit support agreements, the firm evaluates various factors including applicable bankruptcy laws, local statutes and regulatory provisions in the jurisdiction of the parties to the agreement.

Derivatives are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis (i.e., the net payable or receivable for derivative assets and liabilities for a given counterparty) in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition when a legal right of setoff exists under an enforceable netting agreement. Resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions with the same term and currency are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition when such transactions meet certain settlement criteria and are subject to netting agreements.

In the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, derivatives are reported net of cash collateral received and posted under enforceable credit support agreements, when transacted under an enforceable netting agreement. In the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, resale and repurchase agreements, and securities borrowed and loaned, are not reported net of the related cash and securities received or posted as collateral. See Note 10 for further information about collateral received and pledged, including rights to deliver or repledge collateral. See Notes 7 and 10 for further information about offsetting.

Share-based Compensation

The cost of employee services received in exchange for a share-based award is generally measured based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Share-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards, including awards granted to retirement-eligible employees) are expensed immediately. Share-based awards that require future service are amortized over the relevant service period. Effective January 2017, forfeitures are recorded when they occur. Prior to January 2017, expected forfeitures were estimated and recorded over the vesting period. See “Recent Accounting Developments — Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (ASC 718)” for further information.

Cash dividend equivalents paid on outstanding restricted stock units (RSUs) are charged to retained earnings. If RSUs that require future service are forfeited, the related dividend equivalents originally charged to retained earnings are reclassified to compensation expense in the period in which forfeiture occurs.

The firm generally issues new shares of common stock upon delivery of share-based awards. In certain cases, primarily related to conflicted employment (as outlined in the applicable award agreements), the firm may cash settle share-based compensation awards accounted for as equity instruments. For these awards, whose terms allow for cash settlement, additional paid-in capital is adjusted to the extent of the difference between the value of the award at the time of cash settlement and the grant-date value of the award.

Foreign Currency Translation

Assets and liabilities denominated in non-U.S. currencies are translated at rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange for the period. Foreign currency remeasurement gains or losses on transactions in nonfunctional currencies are recognized in earnings. Gains or losses on translation of the financial statements of a non-U.S. operation, when the functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar, are included, net of hedges and taxes, in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Recent Accounting Developments

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606). In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” This ASU, as amended, provides comprehensive guidance on the recognition of revenue from customers arising from the transfer of goods and services, guidance on accounting for certain contract costs, and new disclosures.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 10

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a modified retrospective approach or retrospectively to all periods presented. The firm’s implementation efforts have included identifying revenues and costs within the scope of the ASU, reviewing contracts, and analyzing any changes to its existing revenue recognition policies. As a result of adopting this ASU, the firm will, among other things, recognize certain investment management fees earlier than under the firm’s current revenue recognition policy. The firm will also change the current presentation of certain costs from a net presentation within net revenues to a gross basis, and vice versa. The firm will adopt this ASU in January 2018 using a modified retrospective approach. The firm does not currently expect that the ASU will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows on the date of adoption.

Measuring the Financial Assets and the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity (ASC 810). In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-13, “Consolidation (Topic 810) — Measuring the Financial Assets and the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity (CFE).” This ASU provides an alternative to reflect changes in the fair value of the financial assets and the financial liabilities of the CFE by measuring either the fair value of the assets or liabilities, whichever is more observable, and provides new disclosure requirements for those electing this approach.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2016. Adoption of the ASU did not materially affect the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis (ASC 810). In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, “Consolidation (Topic 810) — Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis.” This ASU eliminates the deferral of the requirements of ASU No. 2009-17, “Consolidations (Topic 810) — Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable Interest Entities” for certain interests in investment funds and provides a scope exception for certain investments in money market funds. It also makes several modifications to the consolidation guidance for VIEs and general partners’ investments in limited partnerships, as well as modifications to the evaluation of whether limited partnerships are VIEs or voting interest entities.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2016, using a modified retrospective approach. The impact of adoption was a net reduction to both total assets and total liabilities of approximately $200 million, substantially all included in “Financial instruments owned” and in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses,” respectively. Adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on the firm’s results of operations. See Note 12 for further information about the adoption.

Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments (ASC 805). In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) — Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments.” This ASU eliminates the requirement for an acquirer in a business combination to account for measurement-period adjustments retrospectively.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2016. Adoption of the ASU did not materially affect the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (ASC 825). In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments (Topic 825) — Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” This ASU amends certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. It includes a requirement to present separately in other comprehensive income changes in fair value attributable to a firm’s own credit spreads (debt valuation adjustment or DVA), net of tax, on financial liabilities for which the fair value option was elected.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018. Early adoption is permitted under a modified retrospective approach for the requirements related to DVA. In January 2016, the firm early adopted this ASU for the requirements related to DVA and reclassified the cumulative DVA, a gain of $305 million (net of tax), from “Retained earnings” to “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” The firm does not expect the adoption of the remaining provisions of the ASU to have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

11 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Leases (ASC 842). In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” This ASU requires that, for leases longer than one year, a lessee recognize in the statements of financial condition a right-of-use asset, representing the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term, and a lease liability, representing the liability to make lease payments. It also requires that for finance leases, a lessee recognize interest expense on the lease liability, separately from the amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statements of earnings, while for operating leases, such amounts should be recognized as a combined expense. In addition, this ASU requires expanded disclosures about the nature and terms of lease agreements.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2019 under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The firm’s implementation efforts include reviewing existing leases and service contracts, which may include embedded leases. The firm expects a gross up on its consolidated statements of financial condition upon recognition of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities and does not expect the amount of the gross up to have a material impact on its financial condition.

Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (ASC 718). In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718) — Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” This ASU includes a requirement that the tax effect related to the settlement of share-based awards be recorded in income tax benefit or expense in the statements of earnings rather than directly to additional paid-in capital. This change has no impact on total shareholders’ equity and is required to be adopted prospectively. The ASU also allows for forfeitures to be recorded when they occur rather than estimated over the vesting period. This change is required to be applied on a modified retrospective basis.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2017 and the impact of the RSU deliveries and option exercises during the nine months ended September 2017 was a reduction to the provision for taxes of $496 million, which was recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. The impact will vary in future periods depending upon, among other things, the number of RSUs delivered and their change in value since grant. Prior to the adoption of this ASU, this amount would have been recorded directly to additional paid-in capital. The firm also elected to account for forfeitures as they occur, rather than to estimate forfeitures over the vesting period, and the cumulative effect of this election upon adoption was an increase of $35 million to “Share-based awards” and a decrease of $24 million (net of tax of $11 million) to “Retained earnings” within the condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity.

In addition, the ASU modifies the classification of certain share-based payment activities within the statements of cash flows. As a result, the firm reclassified, on a retrospective basis, a cash outflow of $961 million related to the settlement of share-based awards in satisfaction of withholding tax requirements from operating activities to financing activities and a cash inflow of $97 million of excess tax benefits related to share-based awards from financing activities to operating activities within the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 2016.

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC 326). In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326) — Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU amends several aspects of the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments, including replacing the existing incurred credit loss model and other models with the Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL) model and amending certain aspects of accounting for purchased financial assets with deterioration in credit quality since origination.

Under CECL, the allowance for losses for financial assets that are measured at amortized cost reflects management’s estimate of credit losses over the remaining expected life of the financial assets. Expected credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as changes to expected credit losses during the period, would be recognized in earnings. For certain purchased financial assets with deterioration in credit quality since origination, an initial allowance would be recorded for expected credit losses and recognized as an increase to the purchase price rather than as an expense. Expected credit losses, including losses on off-balance-sheet exposures such as lending commitments, will be measured based on historical experience, current conditions and forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2020 under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted in January 2019. Adoption of the ASU will result in earlier recognition of credit losses and an increase in the recorded allowance for certain purchased loans with deterioration in credit quality since origination with a corresponding increase to their gross carrying value. The impact of adoption of this ASU on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will depend on, among other things, the economic environment and the type of financial assets held by the firm on the date of adoption.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 12

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (ASC 230). In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) — Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” This ASU provides guidance on the disclosure and classification of certain items within the statements of cash flows.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a retrospective approach. Since the ASU only impacts classification in the statements of cash flows, adoption will not affect the firm’s cash and cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash (ASC 230). In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) — Restricted Cash.” This ASU requires that cash segregated for regulatory and other purposes be included in cash and cash equivalents disclosed in the statements of cash flows and is required to be applied retrospectively.

The firm early adopted the ASU in December 2016 and reclassified cash segregated for regulatory and other purposes into “Cash and cash equivalents” disclosed in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The impact of adoption was an increase of $134 million for the nine months ended September 2016 to “Net cash provided by operating activities.” In addition, in December 2016, to be consistent with the presentation of segregated cash in the consolidated statements of cash flows under the ASU, the firm reclassified amounts previously included in “Cash and securities segregated for regulatory and other purposes” into “Cash and cash equivalents,” “Securities purchased under agreements to resell,” “Securities borrowed” and “Financial instruments owned” in the consolidated statements of financial condition. Previously reported amounts in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements have been conformed to the current presentation.

Clarifying the Definition of a Business (ASC 805). In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) — Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” The ASU amends the definition of a business and provides a threshold which must be considered to determine whether a transaction is an acquisition (or disposal) of an asset or a business.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a prospective approach. The impact of this ASU will depend on the nature of the firm’s activities after adoption, although the firm expects that fewer transactions will be treated as acquisitions (or disposals) of businesses.

Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASC 350). In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) — Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” The ASU simplifies the quantitative goodwill impairment test by eliminating the second step of the test. Under this ASU, impairment will be measured by comparing the estimated fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value.

The ASU is effective for the firm in 2020. The firm early adopted this ASU in the fourth quarter of 2017. The firm does not expect that adoption will have a material impact on the results of its goodwill impairment test.

Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets (ASC 610-20). In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, “Other Income — Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20) — Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets.” The ASU clarifies the scope of guidance applicable to sales of nonfinancial assets and also provides guidance on accounting for partial sales of such assets.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a retrospective or modified retrospective approach. The firm will adopt this ASU using a modified retrospective approach and does not expect adoption of the ASU will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (ASC 815). In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) — Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” The ASU amends certain of the rules for hedging relationships and expands the types of strategies that are eligible for hedge accounting treatment to more closely align the results of hedge accounting with risk management activities.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2019 under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The firm expects to early adopt the ASU in the first quarter of 2018. The firm does not currently expect that adoption of the ASU will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

13 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 4.

Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased

Financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased are accounted for at fair value either under the fair value option or in accordance with other U.S. GAAP. See Note 8 for information about other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value.

The table below presents the firm’s financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.

$ in millions	Financial Instruments Owned	Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased
As of September 2017
Money market instruments	$    2,739	$           –
U.S. government and agency obligations	74,392	19,369
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	39,691	22,702
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate	4,696	2
Residential real estate	10,840	2
Corporate loans and debt securities	33,529	9,005
State and municipal obligations	1,039	–
Other debt obligations	1,667	1
Equity securities	106,599	25,666
Commodities	3,606	–
Investments in funds at NAV	5,444	–
Subtotal	284,242	76,747
Derivatives	49,232	37,966
Total	$333,474	$114,713
As of December 2016
Money market instruments	$    1,319	$           –
U.S. government and agency obligations	57,657	16,627
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	29,381	20,502
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate	3,842	–
Residential real estate	12,195	3
Corporate loans and debt securities	28,659	6,570
State and municipal obligations	1,059	–
Other debt obligations	1,358	1
Equity securities	94,692	25,941
Commodities	5,653	–
Investments in funds at NAV	6,465	–
Subtotal	242,280	69,644
Derivatives	53,672	47,499
Total	$295,952	$117,143

In the table above:

• Money market instruments includes commercial paper, certificates of deposit and time deposits, substantially all of which have a maturity of less than one year.

• Equity securities includes public and private equities, exchange-traded funds and convertible debentures.

• Financial instruments owned included $2.76 billion and $89 million of securities that are accounted for as available-for-sale as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. See Note 6 for further information about available-for-sale securities.

Gains and Losses from Market Making and Other Principal Transactions

The table below presents “Market making” revenues by major product type, as well as “Other principal transactions” revenues.

	Three Months Ended September				Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016		2017		2016
Interest rates		$1,492		$   821		$  5,481		$1,091
Credit		471		440		1,397		1,688
Currencies		(960	)	544		(3,700	)	1,254
Equities		971		663		2,842		2,215
Commodities		138		247		425		819
Market making		2,112		2,715		6,445		7,067
Other principal transactions		1,554		1,163		4,002		1,978
Total		$3,666		$3,878		$10,447		$9,045

In the table above:

• Gains/(losses) include both realized and unrealized gains and losses, and are primarily related to the firm’s financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, including both derivative and non-derivative financial instruments.

• Gains/(losses) exclude related interest income and interest expense. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

• Gains/(losses) on other principal transactions are included in the firm’s Investing & Lending segment. See Note 25 for net revenues, including net interest income, by product type for Investing & Lending, as well as the amount of net interest income included in Investing & Lending.

• Gains/(losses) are not representative of the manner in which the firm manages its business activities because many of the firm’s market-making and client facilitation strategies utilize financial instruments across various product types. Accordingly, gains or losses in one product type frequently offset gains or losses in other product types. For example, most of the firm’s longer-term derivatives across product types are sensitive to changes in interest rates and may be economically hedged with interest rate swaps. Similarly, a significant portion of the firm’s cash instruments and derivatives across product types has exposure to foreign currencies and may be economically hedged with foreign currency contracts.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 14

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 5.

Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial assets are marked to bid prices and financial liabilities are marked to offer prices. Fair value measurements do not include transaction costs. The firm measures certain financial assets and financial liabilities as a portfolio (i.e., based on its net exposure to market and/or credit risks).

The best evidence of fair value is a quoted price in an active market. If quoted prices in active markets are not available, fair value is determined by reference to prices for similar instruments, quoted prices or recent transactions in less active markets, or internally developed models that primarily use market-based or independently sourced inputs including, but not limited to, interest rates, volatilities, equity or debt prices, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, credit spreads and funding spreads (i.e., the spread or difference between the interest rate at which a borrower could finance a given financial instrument relative to a benchmark interest rate).

U.S. GAAP has a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. This hierarchy prioritizes inputs to the valuation techniques used to measure fair value, giving the highest priority to level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to level 3 inputs. A financial instrument’s level in this hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to its fair value measurement. In evaluating the significance of a valuation input, the firm considers, among other factors, a portfolio’s net risk exposure to that input. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

Level 1. Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets to which the firm had access at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2. Inputs to valuation techniques are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3. One or more inputs to valuation techniques are significant and unobservable.

The fair values for substantially all of the firm’s financial assets and financial liabilities are based on observable prices and inputs and are classified in levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Certain level 2 and level 3 financial assets and financial liabilities may require appropriate valuation adjustments that a market participant would require to arrive at fair value for factors such as counterparty and the firm’s credit quality, funding risk, transfer restrictions, liquidity and bid/offer spreads. Valuation adjustments are generally based on market evidence.

See Notes 6 through 8 for further information about fair value measurements of cash instruments, derivatives and other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value.

The table below presents financial assets and financial liabilities accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or in accordance with other U.S. GAAP.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		June 2017		December 2016
Total level 1 financial assets		$160,006		$163,555		$135,401
Total level 2 financial assets		392,796		407,480		419,585
Total level 3 financial assets		20,740		20,847		23,280
Investments in funds at NAV		5,444		5,910		6,465
Counterparty and cash collateral netting		(55,764	)	(79,738	)	(87,038	)
Total financial assets at fair value		$523,222		$518,054		$497,693
Total assets		$930,132		$906,518		$860,165
Total level 3 financial assets divided by:
Total assets		2.2%		2.3%		2.7%
Total financial assets at fair value		4.0%		4.0%		4.7%
Total level 1 financial liabilities		$  65,771		$  68,534		$  62,504
Total level 2 financial liabilities		257,882		248,257		232,027
Total level 3 financial liabilities		19,203		19,595		21,448
Counterparty and cash collateral netting		(36,649	)	(37,597	)	(44,695	)
Total financial liabilities at fair value		$306,207		$298,789		$271,284
Total level 3 financial liabilities divided by total financial liabilities at fair value		6.3%		6.6%		7.9%

In the table above:

• Counterparty netting among positions classified in the same level is included in that level.

• Counterparty and cash collateral netting represents the impact on derivatives of netting across levels of the fair value hierarchy.

• Total assets included $901 billion, $878 billion and $835 billion as of September 2017, June 2017 and December 2016, respectively, that is carried at fair value or at amounts that generally approximate fair value.

15 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below presents a summary of level 3 financial assets.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	June 2017	December 2016
Cash instruments		$16,465	$16,196	$18,035
Derivatives		4,274	4,650	5,190
Other financial assets		1	1	55
Total		$20,740	$20,847	$23,280

Level 3 financial assets as of September 2017 were essentially unchanged compared with June 2017. Level 3 financial assets as of September 2017 decreased compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting a decrease in level 3 cash instruments. See Notes 6 through 8 for further information about level 3 financial assets (including information about unrealized gains and losses related to level 3 financial assets and financial liabilities, and transfers in and out of level 3).

Note 6.

Cash Instruments

Cash instruments include U.S. government and agency obligations, non-U.S. government and agency obligations, mortgage-backed loans and securities, corporate loans and debt securities, equity securities, investments in funds at NAV, and other non-derivative financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased. See below for the types of cash instruments included in each level of the fair value hierarchy and the valuation techniques and significant inputs used to determine their fair values. See Note 5 for an overview of the firm’s fair value measurement policies.

Level 1 Cash Instruments

Level 1 cash instruments include certain money market instruments, U.S. government obligations, most non-U.S. government obligations, certain government agency obligations, certain corporate debt securities and actively traded listed equities. These instruments are valued using quoted prices for identical unrestricted instruments in active markets.

The firm defines active markets for equity instruments based on the average daily trading volume both in absolute terms and relative to the market capitalization for the instrument. The firm defines active markets for debt instruments based on both the average daily trading volume and the number of days with trading activity.

Level 2 Cash Instruments

Level 2 cash instruments include most money market instruments, most government agency obligations, certain non-U.S. government obligations, most mortgage-backed loans and securities, most corporate loans and debt securities, most state and municipal obligations, most other debt obligations, restricted or less liquid listed equities, commodities and certain lending commitments.

Valuations of level 2 cash instruments can be verified to quoted prices, recent trading activity for identical or similar instruments, broker or dealer quotations or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Consideration is given to the nature of the quotations (e.g., indicative or firm) and the relationship of recent market activity to the prices provided from alternative pricing sources.

Valuation adjustments are typically made to level 2 cash instruments (i) if the cash instrument is subject to transfer restrictions and/or (ii) for other premiums and liquidity discounts that a market participant would require to arrive at fair value. Valuation adjustments are generally based on market evidence.

Level 3 Cash Instruments

Level 3 cash instruments have one or more significant valuation inputs that are not observable. Absent evidence to the contrary, level 3 cash instruments are initially valued at transaction price, which is considered to be the best initial estimate of fair value. Subsequently, the firm uses other methodologies to determine fair value, which vary based on the type of instrument. Valuation inputs and assumptions are changed when corroborated by substantive observable evidence, including values realized on sales of financial assets.

Valuation Techniques and Significant Inputs of Level 3 Cash Instruments

Valuation techniques of level 3 cash instruments vary by instrument, but are generally based on discounted cash flow techniques. The valuation techniques and the nature of significant inputs used to determine the fair values of each type of level 3 cash instrument are described below:

Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate. Loans and securities backed by commercial real estate are directly or indirectly collateralized by a single commercial real estate property or a portfolio of properties, and may include tranches of varying levels of subordination. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses and include:

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 16

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

• Transaction prices in both the underlying collateral and instruments with the same or similar underlying collateral;

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets and/or current levels and changes in market indices such as the CMBX (an index that tracks the performance of commercial mortgage bonds);

• A measure of expected future cash flows in a default scenario (recovery rates) implied by the value of the underlying collateral, which is mainly driven by current performance of the underlying collateral, capitalization rates and multiples. Recovery rates are expressed as a percentage of notional or face value of the instrument and reflect the benefit of credit enhancements on certain instruments; and

• Timing of expected future cash flows (duration) which, in certain cases, may incorporate the impact of other unobservable inputs (e.g., prepayment speeds).

Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate. Loans and securities backed by residential real estate are directly or indirectly collateralized by portfolios of residential real estate and may include tranches of varying levels of subordination. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons to instruments with similar collateral and risk profiles. Significant inputs include:

• Transaction prices in both the underlying collateral and instruments with the same or similar underlying collateral;

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets;

• Cumulative loss expectations, driven by default rates, home price projections, residential property liquidation timelines, related costs and subsequent recoveries; and

• Duration, driven by underlying loan prepayment speeds and residential property liquidation timelines.

Corporate Loans and Debt Securities. Corporate loans and debt securities includes bank loans and bridge loans and corporate debt securities. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons both to prices of credit default swaps that reference the same or similar underlying instrument or entity and to other debt instruments for the same issuer for which observable prices or broker quotations are available. Significant inputs include:

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets and/or current levels and trends of market indices such as CDX and LCDX (indices that track the performance of corporate credit and loans, respectively);

• Current performance and recovery assumptions and, where the firm uses credit default swaps to value the related cash instrument, the cost of borrowing the underlying reference obligation; and

• Duration.

Equity Securities. Equity securities includes private equity securities and convertible debentures. Recent third-party completed or pending transactions (e.g., merger proposals, tender offers, debt restructurings) are considered to be the best evidence for any change in fair value. When these are not available, the following valuation methodologies are used, as appropriate:

• Industry multiples (primarily EBITDA multiples) and public comparables;

• Transactions in similar instruments;

• Discounted cash flow techniques; and

• Third-party appraisals.

The firm also considers changes in the outlook for the relevant industry and financial performance of the issuer as compared to projected performance. Significant inputs include:

• Market and transaction multiples;

• Discount rates and capitalization rates; and

• For equity securities with debt-like features, market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets, current performance and recovery assumptions, and duration.

Other Cash Instruments. Other cash instruments consists of non-U.S. government and agency obligations, state and municipal obligations, and other debt obligations. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons both to prices of credit default swaps that reference the same or similar underlying instrument or entity and to other debt instruments for the same issuer for which observable prices or broker quotations are available. Significant inputs include:

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets and/or current levels and trends of market indices;

• Current performance and recovery assumptions and, where the firm uses credit default swaps to value the related cash instrument, the cost of borrowing the underlying reference obligation; and

• Duration.

17 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Fair Value of Cash Instruments by Level

The tables below present cash instrument assets and liabilities at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market instruments		$       376		$    2,362		$          1		$    2,739
U.S. government and agency obligations		41,532		32,860		–		74,392
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		30,639		9,049		3		39,691
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate		–		3,252		1,444		4,696
Residential real estate		–		10,066		774		10,840
Corporate loans and debt securities		699		29,263		3,567		33,529
State and municipal obligations		–		956		83		1,039
Other debt obligations		–		1,279		388		1,667
Equity securities		86,747		9,647		10,205		106,599
Commodities		–		3,606		–		3,606
Subtotal		$159,993		$102,340		$16,465		$278,798
Investments in funds at NAV								5,444
Total cash instrument assets								$284,242
Liabilities
U.S. government and agency obligations		$ (19,298	)	$        (71	)	$          –		$ (19,369	)
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		(20,786	)	(1,916	)	–		(22,702	)
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate		–		(2	)	–		(2	)
Residential real estate		–		(2	)	–		(2	)
Corporate loans and debt securities		(1	)	(8,961	)	(43	)	(9,005	)
Other debt obligations		–		(1	)	–		(1	)
Equity securities		(25,650	)	–		(16	)	(25,666	)
Total cash instrument liabilities		$ (65,735	)	$ (10,953	)	$      (59	)	$ (76,747	)

	As of December 2016
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market instruments		$       188		$  1,131		$         –		$    1,319
U.S. government and agency obligations		35,254		22,403		–		57,657
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		22,433		6,933		15		29,381
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate		–		2,197		1,645		3,842
Residential real estate		–		11,350		845		12,195
Corporate loans and debt securities		215		23,804		4,640		28,659
State and municipal obligations		–		960		99		1,059
Other debt obligations		–		830		528		1,358
Equity securities		77,276		7,153		10,263		94,692
Commodities		–		5,653		–		5,653
Subtotal		$135,366		$82,414		$18,035		$235,815
Investments in funds at NAV								6,465
Total cash instrument assets								$242,280
Liabilities
U.S. government and agency obligations		$ (16,615	)	$      (12	)	$         –		$ (16,627	)
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		(19,137	)	(1,364	)	(1	)	(20,502	)
Loans and securities backed by residential real estate		–		(3	)	–		(3	)
Corporate loans and debt securities		(2	)	(6,524	)	(44	)	(6,570	)
Other debt obligations		–		(1	)	–		(1	)
Equity securities		(25,768	)	(156	)	(17	)	(25,941	)
Total cash instrument liabilities		$ (61,522	)	$ (8,060	)	$      (62	)	$ (69,644	)

In the tables above:

• Cash instrument assets and liabilities are included in “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased,” respectively.

• Cash instrument assets are shown as positive amounts and cash instrument liabilities are shown as negative amounts.

• Money market instruments includes commercial paper, certificates of deposit and time deposits.

• Equity securities includes public and private equities, exchange-traded funds and convertible debentures.

• As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of the firm’s level 3 equity securities consisted of private equity securities.

• Total cash instrument assets included collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) backed by real estate and corporate obligations of $611 million and $461 million in level 2, and $406 million and $624 million in level 3 as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 18

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Significant Unobservable Inputs

The table below presents the amount of level 3 assets, and ranges and weighted averages of significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 cash instruments.

	Level 3 Assets and Range of Significant Unobservable Inputs (Weighted Average) as of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Loans and securities backed by commercial real estate
Level 3 assets		$1,444		$1,645
Yield		4.5% to 22.0% (12.4%	)	3.7% to 23.0% (13.0%	)
Recovery rate		15.0% to 79.4% (46.0%	)	8.9% to 99.0% (60.6%	)
Duration (years)		0.8 to 6.7 (2.1	)	0.8 to 6.2 (2.1	)
Loans and securities backed by residential real estate
Level 3 assets		$774		$845
Yield		1.8% to 13.5% (7.8%	)	0.8% to 15.6% (8.7%	)
Cumulative loss rate		10.6% to 43.4% (21.2%	)	8.9% to 47.1% (24.2%	)
Duration (years)		1.0 to 17.0 (7.8	)	1.1 to 16.1 (7.3	)
Corporate loans and debt securities
Level 3 assets		$3,567		$4,640
Yield		3.8% to 24.5% (11.7%	)	2.5% to 25.0% (10.3%	)
Recovery rate		0.0% to 94.7% (59.8%	)	0.0% to 85.0% (56.5%	)
Duration (years)		1.0 to 7.3 (3.2	)	0.6 to 15.7 (2.9	)
Equity securities
Level 3 assets		$10,205		$10,263
Multiples		0.8x to 17.3x (7.4x	)	0.8x to 19.7x (6.8x	)
Discount rate/yield		2.6% to 25.0% (14.5%	)	6.5% to 25.0% (16.0%	)
Capitalization rate		4.3% to 11.5% (6.3%	)	4.2% to 12.5% (6.8%	)
Other cash instruments
Level 3 assets		$475		$642
Yield		3.5% to 17.3% (8.6%	)	1.9% to 14.0% (8.8%	)
Recovery rate		N/A		0.0% to 93.0% (61.4%	)
Duration (years)		1.4 to 11.7 (4.6	)	0.9 to 12.0 (4.3	)

In the table above:

• Ranges represent the significant unobservable inputs that were used in the valuation of each type of cash instrument.

• Weighted averages are calculated by weighting each input by the relative fair value of the cash instruments.

• The ranges and weighted averages of these inputs are not representative of the appropriate inputs to use when calculating the fair value of any one cash instrument. For example, the highest multiple for private equity securities is appropriate for valuing a specific private equity security but may not be appropriate for valuing any other private equity security. Accordingly, the ranges of inputs do not represent uncertainty in, or possible ranges of, fair value measurements of the firm’s level 3 cash instruments.

• Increases in yield, discount rate, capitalization rate, duration or cumulative loss rate used in the valuation of the firm’s level 3 cash instruments would result in a lower fair value measurement, while increases in recovery rate or multiples would result in a higher fair value measurement. Due to the distinctive nature of each of the firm’s level 3 cash instruments, the interrelationship of inputs is not necessarily uniform within each product type.

• Equity securities includes private equity securities and convertible debentures.

• Loans and securities backed by commercial and residential real estate, corporate loans and debt securities and other cash instruments are valued using discounted cash flows, and equity securities are valued using market comparables and discounted cash flows.

• The fair value of any one instrument may be determined using multiple valuation techniques. For example, market comparables and discounted cash flows may be used together to determine fair value. Therefore, the level 3 balance encompasses both of these techniques.

• Recovery rate was not significant to the valuation of level 3 other cash instrument assets as of September 2017.

Transfers Between Levels of the Fair Value Hierarchy

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are reported at the beginning of the reporting period in which they occur. See “Level 3 Rollforward” below for information about transfers between level 2 and level 3.

During the three and nine months ended September 2017, transfers into level 2 from level 1 of cash instruments were $55 million and $146 million, respectively, reflecting transfers of public equity securities due to decreased market activity in these instruments. Transfers into level 1 from level 2 of cash instruments during the three and nine months ended September 2017 were $23 million and $146 million, respectively, reflecting transfers of public equity securities due to increased market activity in these instruments.

During the three and nine months ended September 2016, transfers into level 2 from level 1 of cash instruments were $143 million and $88 million, respectively, reflecting transfers of public equity securities due to decreased market activity in these instruments. Transfers into level 1 from level 2 of cash instruments during the three and nine months ended September 2016 were $200 million and $203 million, respectively, reflecting transfers of public equity securities, due to increased market activity in these instruments.

19 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Level 3 Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for level 3 cash instrument assets and liabilities.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total cash instrument assets
Beginning balance		$16,196		$18,131			$18,035		$18,131
Net realized gains/(losses)		109		194			349		503
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		332		461			1,146		358
Purchases		524		519			1,381		2,941
Sales		(736	)	(703	)		(1,775	)	(2,002	)
Settlements		(581	)	(1,081	)		(1,651	)	(2,922	)
Transfers into level 3		1,287		1,327			2,307		2,696
Transfers out of level 3		(666	)	(707	)		(3,327	)	(1,564	)
Ending balance		$16,465		$18,141			$16,465		$18,141
Total cash instrument liabilities
Beginning balance		$      (42	)	$    (123	)		$      (62	)	$    (193	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(2	)	25			(7	)	27
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		5		18			(10	)	32
Purchases		34		51			67		88
Sales		(34	)	(38	)		(35	)	(61	)
Settlements		–		1			–		(6	)
Transfers into level 3		(28	)	(26	)		(17	)	(9	)
Transfers out of level 3		8		–			5		30
Ending balance		$      (59	)	$      (92	)		$      (59	)	$      (92	)

In the table above:

• Changes in fair value are presented for all cash instrument assets and liabilities that are classified in level 3 as of the end of the period.

• Net unrealized gains/(losses) relate to instruments that were still held at period-end.

• Purchases includes originations and secondary purchases.

• If a cash instrument asset or liability was transferred to level 3 during a reporting period, its entire gain or loss for the period is classified in level 3. For level 3 cash instrument assets, increases are shown as positive amounts, while decreases are shown as negative amounts. For level 3 cash instrument liabilities, increases are shown as negative amounts, while decreases are shown as positive amounts.

• Level 3 cash instruments are frequently economically hedged with level 1 and level 2 cash instruments and/or level 1, level 2 or level 3 derivatives. Accordingly, gains or losses that are classified in level 3 can be partially offset by gains or losses attributable to level 1 or level 2 cash instruments and/or level 1, level 2 or level 3 derivatives. As a result, gains or losses included in the level 3 rollforward below do not necessarily represent the overall impact on the firm’s results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.

The table below disaggregates, by product type, the information for cash instrument assets included in the summary table above.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Loans and securities backed by commercial real estate
Beginning balance		$  1,400		$2,112			$  1,645		$ 1,924
Net realized gains/(losses)		8		12			37		58
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		29		59			168		14
Purchases		56		46			178		491
Sales		(84	)	(97	)		(165	)	(292	)
Settlements		(58	)	(144	)		(358	)	(459	)
Transfers into level 3		156		119			222		516
Transfers out of level 3		(63	)	(116	)		(283	)	(261	)
Ending balance		$  1,444		$1,991			$  1,444		$ 1,991
Loans and securities backed by residential real estate
Beginning balance		$     807		$1,300			$     845		$ 1,765
Net realized gains/(losses)		10		15			34		38
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		17		(5	)		87		45
Purchases		34		76			142		297
Sales		(56	)	(123	)		(220	)	(780	)
Settlements		(44	)	(85	)		(95	)	(233	)
Transfers into level 3		30		95			20		120
Transfers out of level 3		(24	)	(278	)		(39	)	(257	)
Ending balance		$     774		$   995			$     774		$    995
Corporate loans and debt securities
Beginning balance		$  3,645		$5,333			$  4,640		$ 5,242
Net realized gains/(losses)		45		107			151		244
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(7	)	107			33		64
Purchases		178		278			568		953
Sales		(265	)	(322	)		(795	)	(477	)
Settlements		(259	)	(647	)		(653	)	(1,553	)
Transfers into level 3		567		343			1,023		949
Transfers out of level 3		(337	)	(137	)		(1,400	)	(360	)
Ending balance		$  3,567		$5,062			$  3,567		$ 5,062
Equity securities
Beginning balance		$  9,833		$8,705			$10,263		$ 8,549
Net realized gains/(losses)		42		52			111		138
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		289		291			846		252
Purchases		219		96			401		957
Sales		(319	)	(137	)		(548	)	(301	)
Settlements		(161	)	(165	)		(399	)	(555	)
Transfers into level 3		530		704			1,030		1,008
Transfers out of level 3		(228	)	(169	)		(1,499	)	(671	)
Ending balance		$10,205		$9,377			$10,205		$ 9,377
Other cash instruments
Beginning balance		$     511		$   681			$     642		$    651
Net realized gains/(losses)		4		8			16		25
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		4		9			12		(17	)
Purchases		37		23			92		243
Sales		(12	)	(24	)		(47	)	(152	)
Settlements		(59	)	(40	)		(146	)	(122	)
Transfers into level 3		4		66			12		103
Transfers out of level 3		(14	)	(7	)		(106	)	(15	)
Ending balance		$     475		$   716			$     475		$    716

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 20

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Level 3 Rollforward Commentary

Three Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets of $441 million (reflecting $109 million of net realized gains and $332 million of net unrealized gains) for the three months ended September 2017 included gains/(losses) of approximately $(44) million, $360 million and $125 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest income,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets for the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected gains on private equity securities, principally driven by strong corporate performance and company-specific events.

Transfers into level 3 during the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain corporate loans and debt securities and private equity securities from level 2, principally due to reduced price transparency as a result of a lack of market evidence, including fewer transactions in these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 during the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain corporate loans and debt securities and private equity securities to level 2, principally due to increased price transparency as a result of market evidence, including new transactions in these instruments.

Nine Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets of $1.50 billion (reflecting $349 million of net realized gains and $1.15 billion of net unrealized gains) for the nine months ended September 2017 included gains/(losses) of approximately $(77) million, $1.21 billion and $365 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest income,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets for the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected gains on private equity securities, principally driven by strong corporate performance and company-specific events.

Transfers into level 3 during the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities and corporate loans and debt securities from level 2, principally due to reduced price transparency as a result of a lack of market evidence, including fewer transactions in these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 during the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities and corporate loans and debt securities to level 2, principally due to increased price transparency as a result of market evidence, including new transactions in these instruments, and transfers of certain corporate loans and debt securities to level 2, principally due to certain unobservable yield and duration inputs no longer being significant to the valuation of these instruments.

Three Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets of $655 million (reflecting $194 million of net realized gains and $461 million of net unrealized gains) for the three months ended September 2016 included gains/(losses) of approximately $(65) million, $487 million and $233 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest income,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets for the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected gains on private equity securities, principally driven by strong corporate performance and company-specific events.

Transfers into level 3 during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities and corporate loans and debt securities from level 2, principally due to reduced price transparency as a result of a lack of market evidence, including fewer market transactions in these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain loans and securities backed by residential real estate and private equity securities to level 2, principally due to increased price transparency as a result of market evidence, including market transactions in these instruments.

Nine Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets of $861 million (reflecting $503 million of net realized gains and $358 million of net unrealized gains) for the nine months ended September 2016 included gains/(losses) of approximately $(394) million, $557 million and $698 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest income,” respectively.

21 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The net unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets for the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected gains on private equity securities, principally driven by strong corporate performance and company-specific events.

Transfers into level 3 during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities, corporate loans and debt securities, and loans and securities backed by commercial real estate from level 2, principally due to reduced price transparency as a result of a lack of market evidence, including fewer transactions in these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities, corporate loans and debt securities, and loans and securities backed by commercial and residential real estate to level 2, principally due to increased price transparency as a result of market evidence, including market transactions in these instruments.

Available-for-Sale Securities

Cash instruments include securities that are accounted for as available-for-sale. The table below presents details about such securities.

$ in millions	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Weighted Average Yield
As of September 2017
U.S. government and agency obligations	$2,524	$2,517	1.84%
Other available-for-sale securities	245	246	4.46%
Total available-for-sale securities	$2,769	$2,763	2.07%
As of December 2016
U.S. government and agency obligations	$     24	$     24	0.43%
Other available-for-sale securities	65	65	3.03%
Total available-for-sale securities	$     89	$     89	2.32%

In the table above:

• U.S. government and agency obligations were classified in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and substantially all had maturities of one to five years as of September 2017 and less than one year as of December 2016.

• Other available-for-sale securities includes corporate debt securities, other debt obligations, securities backed by commercial real estate and money market instruments. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, these securities were primarily classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and primarily had maturities of greater than ten years.

• The gross unrealized gains/(losses) included in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” related to available-for-sale securities were not material.

Investments in Funds at Net Asset Value Per Share

Cash instruments at fair value include investments in funds that are measured at NAV of the investment fund. The firm uses NAV to measure the fair value of its fund investments when (i) the fund investment does not have a readily determinable fair value and (ii) the NAV of the investment fund is calculated in a manner consistent with the measurement principles of investment company accounting, including measurement of the investments at fair value.

Substantially all of the firm’s investments in funds at NAV consist of investments in firm-sponsored private equity, credit, real estate and hedge funds where the firm co-invests with third-party investors.

Private equity funds primarily invest in a broad range of industries worldwide, including leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, growth investments and distressed investments. Credit funds generally invest in loans and other fixed income instruments and are focused on providing private high-yield capital for leveraged and management buyout transactions, recapitalizations, financings, refinancings, acquisitions and restructurings for private equity firms, private family companies and corporate issuers. Real estate funds invest globally, primarily in real estate companies, loan portfolios, debt recapitalizations and property. Private equity, credit and real estate funds are closed-end funds in which the firm’s investments are generally not eligible for redemption. Distributions will be received from these funds as the underlying assets are liquidated or distributed.

The firm also invests in hedge funds, primarily multi-disciplinary hedge funds that employ a fundamental bottom-up investment approach across various asset classes and strategies. The firm’s investments in hedge funds primarily include interests where the underlying assets are illiquid in nature, and proceeds from redemptions will not be received until the underlying assets are liquidated or distributed.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 22

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Many of the funds described above are “covered funds” as defined by the Volcker Rule of the U.S. Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act). The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Federal Reserve Board) extended the conformance period to July 2022 for the firm’s investments in, and relationships with, certain legacy “illiquid covered funds” (as defined by the Volcker Rule) that were in place prior to December 2013. This extension is applicable to substantially all of the firm’s remaining investments in, and relationships with, covered funds in the table below. The firm will continue to manage and conform its investments in, and relationships with, such covered funds, taking into account the conformance period.

The table below presents the fair value of the firm’s investments in funds at NAV and related unfunded commitments.

$ in millions	Fair Value of Investments	Unfunded Commitments
As of September 2017
Private equity funds	$3,944	$   628
Credit funds	305	498
Hedge funds	254	–
Real estate funds	941	273
Total	$5,444	$1,399
As of December 2016
Private equity funds	$4,628	$1,393
Credit funds	421	166
Hedge funds	410	–
Real estate funds	1,006	272
Total	$6,465	$1,831

Note 7.

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Derivative Activities

Derivatives are instruments that derive their value from underlying asset prices, indices, reference rates and other inputs, or a combination of these factors. Derivatives may be traded on an exchange (exchange-traded) or they may be privately negotiated contracts, which are usually referred to as OTC derivatives. Certain of the firm’s OTC derivatives are cleared and settled through central clearing counterparties (OTC-cleared), while others are bilateral contracts between two counterparties (bilateral OTC).

Market-Making. As a market maker, the firm enters into derivative transactions to provide liquidity to clients and to facilitate the transfer and hedging of their risks. In this role, the firm typically acts as principal and is required to commit capital to provide execution, and maintains inventory in response to, or in anticipation of, client demand.

Risk Management. The firm also enters into derivatives to actively manage risk exposures that arise from its market-making and investing and lending activities in derivative and cash instruments. The firm’s holdings and exposures are hedged, in many cases, on either a portfolio or risk-specific basis, as opposed to an instrument-by-instrument basis. The offsetting impact of this economic hedging is reflected in the same business segment as the related revenues. In addition, the firm may enter into derivatives designated as hedges under U.S. GAAP. These derivatives are used to manage interest rate exposure in certain fixed-rate unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings, and deposits, and to manage foreign currency exposure on the net investment in certain non-U.S. operations.

The firm enters into various types of derivatives, including:

• Futures and Forwards. Contracts that commit counterparties to purchase or sell financial instruments, commodities or currencies in the future.

• Swaps. Contracts that require counterparties to exchange cash flows such as currency or interest payment streams. The amounts exchanged are based on the specific terms of the contract with reference to specified rates, financial instruments, commodities, currencies or indices.

• Options. Contracts in which the option purchaser has the right, but not the obligation, to purchase from or sell to the option writer financial instruments, commodities or currencies within a defined time period for a specified price.

Derivatives are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis (i.e., the net payable or receivable for derivative assets and liabilities for a given counterparty) when a legal right of setoff exists under an enforceable netting agreement (counterparty netting). Derivatives are accounted for at fair value, net of cash collateral received or posted under enforceable credit support agreements (cash collateral netting). Derivative assets and liabilities are included in “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased,” respectively. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivatives not designated as hedges under ASC 815 are included in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions” in Note 4.

23 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The tables below present the gross fair value and the notional amounts of derivative contracts by major product type, the amounts of counterparty and cash collateral netting in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, as well as cash and securities collateral posted and received under enforceable credit support agreements that do not meet the criteria for netting under U.S. GAAP.

	As of September 2017					As of December 2016
$ in millions		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities			Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
Not accounted for as hedges
Exchange-traded		$        566		$        801			$        443		$        382
OTC-cleared		5,273		2,910			189,471		168,946
Bilateral OTC		273,255		249,002			309,037		289,491
Total interest rates		279,094		252,713			498,951		458,819
OTC-cleared		5,934		5,774			4,837		4,811
Bilateral OTC		18,142		16,509			21,530		18,770
Total credit		24,076		22,283			26,367		23,581
Exchange-traded		38		49			36		176
OTC-cleared		859		780			796		798
Bilateral OTC		101,402		96,772			111,032		106,318
Total currencies		102,299		97,601			111,864		107,292
Exchange-traded		4,371		4,247			3,219		3,187
OTC-cleared		213		191			189		197
Bilateral OTC		7,730		9,900			8,945		10,487
Total commodities		12,314		14,338			12,353		13,871
Exchange-traded		11,174		9,656			8,576		8,064
Bilateral OTC		43,537		48,242			39,516		45,826
Total equities		54,711		57,898			48,092		53,890
Subtotal		472,494		444,833			697,627		657,453
Accounted for as hedges
OTC-cleared		10		–			4,347		156
Bilateral OTC		2,825		7			4,180		10
Total interest rates		2,835		7			8,527		166
OTC-cleared		8		33			30		40
Bilateral OTC		16		99			55		64
Total currencies		24		132			85		104
Subtotal		2,859		139			8,612		270
Total gross fair value		$ 475,353		$ 444,972			$ 706,239		$ 657,723
Offset in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Exchange-traded		$  (12,959	)	$  (12,959	)		$    (9,727	)	$    (9,727	)
OTC-cleared		(9,429	)	(9,429	)		(171,864	)	(171,864	)
Bilateral OTC		(348,935	)	(348,935	)		(385,647	)	(385,647	)
Counterparty netting		(371,323	)	(371,323	)		(567,238	)	(567,238	)
OTC-cleared		(2,590	)	(200	)		(27,560	)	(2,940	)
Bilateral OTC		(52,208	)	(35,483	)		(57,769	)	(40,046	)
Cash collateral netting		(54,798	)	(35,683	)		(85,329	)	(42,986	)
Total amounts offset		$(426,121	)	$(407,006	)		$(652,567	)	$(610,224	)
Included in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Exchange-traded		$     3,190		$     1,794			$     2,547		$     2,082
OTC-cleared		278		59			246		144
Bilateral OTC		45,764		36,113			50,879		45,273
Total		$   49,232		$   37,966			$   53,672		$   47,499
Not offset in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Cash collateral		$       (612	)	$    (2,173	)		$       (535	)	$    (2,085	)
Securities collateral		(14,192	)	(8,757	)		(15,518	)	(10,224	)
Total		$   34,428		$   27,036			$   37,619		$   35,190

	Notional Amounts as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Not accounted for as hedges
Exchange-traded		$  9,804,797	$  4,425,532
OTC-cleared		17,244,593	16,646,145
Bilateral OTC		14,402,975	11,131,442
Total interest rates		41,452,365	32,203,119
OTC-cleared		423,723	378,432
Bilateral OTC		973,991	1,045,913
Total credit		1,397,714	1,424,345
Exchange-traded		18,830	13,800
OTC-cleared		107,411	62,799
Bilateral OTC		7,883,247	5,576,748
Total currencies		8,009,488	5,653,347
Exchange-traded		281,291	227,707
OTC-cleared		4,066	3,506
Bilateral OTC		249,020	196,899
Total commodities		534,377	428,112
Exchange-traded		772,320	605,335
Bilateral OTC		1,210,740	959,112
Total equities		1,983,060	1,564,447
Subtotal		53,377,004	41,273,370
Accounted for as hedges
OTC-cleared		57,075	55,328
Bilateral OTC		19,654	36,607
Total interest rates		76,729	91,935
OTC-cleared		1,858	1,703
Bilateral OTC		8,255	8,544
Total currencies		10,113	10,247
Subtotal		86,842	102,182
Total notional amounts		$53,463,846	$41,375,552

In the tables above:

• Gross fair values exclude the effects of both counterparty netting and collateral, and therefore are not representative of the firm’s exposure.

• Where the firm has received or posted collateral under credit support agreements, but has not yet determined such agreements are enforceable, the related collateral has not been netted.

• Notional amounts, which represent the sum of gross long and short derivative contracts, provide an indication of the volume of the firm’s derivative activity and do not represent anticipated losses.

• Total gross fair value of derivatives included derivative assets and derivative liabilities of $14.35 billion and $14.91 billion, respectively, as of September 2017, and derivative assets and derivative liabilities of $19.92 billion and $20.79 billion, respectively, as of December 2016, which are not subject to an enforceable netting agreement or are subject to a netting agreement that the firm has not yet determined to be enforceable.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 24

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Pursuant to a rule change at a clearing organization in the first quarter of 2017, transactions with this clearing organization are considered settled each day. In addition, during the third quarter of 2017, consistent with the rules of another clearing organization, the firm elected to consider its transactions with that clearing organization as settled each day. The impact of reflecting transactions with these two clearing organizations as settled would have been a reduction in gross derivative assets and liabilities as of December 2016 of $189.08 billion and $166.04 billion, respectively, and a corresponding decrease in counterparty and cash collateral netting, with no impact to the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Valuation Techniques for Derivatives

The firm’s level 2 and level 3 derivatives are valued using derivative pricing models (e.g., discounted cash flow models, correlation models, and models that incorporate option pricing methodologies, such as Monte Carlo simulations). Price transparency of derivatives can generally be characterized by product type, as described below.

• Interest Rate. In general, the key inputs used to value interest rate derivatives are transparent, even for most long-dated contracts. Interest rate swaps and options denominated in the currencies of leading industrialized nations are characterized by high trading volumes and tight bid/offer spreads. Interest rate derivatives that reference indices, such as an inflation index, or the shape of the yield curve (e.g., 10-year swap rate vs. 2-year swap rate) are more complex, but the key inputs are generally observable.

• Credit. Price transparency for credit default swaps, including both single names and baskets of credits, varies by market and underlying reference entity or obligation. Credit default swaps that reference indices, large corporates and major sovereigns generally exhibit the most price transparency. For credit default swaps with other underliers, price transparency varies based on credit rating, the cost of borrowing the underlying reference obligations, and the availability of the underlying reference obligations for delivery upon the default of the issuer. Credit default swaps that reference loans, asset-backed securities and emerging market debt instruments tend to have less price transparency than those that reference corporate bonds. In addition, more complex credit derivatives, such as those sensitive to the correlation between two or more underlying reference obligations, generally have less price transparency.

• Currency. Prices for currency derivatives based on the exchange rates of leading industrialized nations, including those with longer tenors, are generally transparent. The primary difference between the price transparency of developed and emerging market currency derivatives is that emerging markets tend to be observable for contracts with shorter tenors.

• Commodity. Commodity derivatives include transactions referenced to energy (e.g., oil and natural gas), metals (e.g., precious and base) and soft commodities (e.g., agricultural). Price transparency varies based on the underlying commodity, delivery location, tenor and product quality (e.g., diesel fuel compared to unleaded gasoline). In general, price transparency for commodity derivatives is greater for contracts with shorter tenors and contracts that are more closely aligned with major and/or benchmark commodity indices.

• Equity. Price transparency for equity derivatives varies by market and underlier. Options on indices and the common stock of corporates included in major equity indices exhibit the most price transparency. Equity derivatives generally have observable market prices, except for contracts with long tenors or reference prices that differ significantly from current market prices. More complex equity derivatives, such as those sensitive to the correlation between two or more individual stocks, generally have less price transparency.

Liquidity is essential to observability of all product types. If transaction volumes decline, previously transparent prices and other inputs may become unobservable. Conversely, even highly structured products may at times have trading volumes large enough to provide observability of prices and other inputs. See Note 5 for an overview of the firm’s fair value measurement policies.

Level 1 Derivatives

Level 1 derivatives include short-term contracts for future delivery of securities when the underlying security is a level 1 instrument, and exchange-traded derivatives if they are actively traded and are valued at their quoted market price.

Level 2 Derivatives

Level 2 derivatives include OTC derivatives for which all significant valuation inputs are corroborated by market evidence and exchange-traded derivatives that are not actively traded and/or that are valued using models that calibrate to market-clearing levels of OTC derivatives.

25 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The selection of a particular model to value a derivative depends on the contractual terms of and specific risks inherent in the instrument, as well as the availability of pricing information in the market. For derivatives that trade in liquid markets, model selection does not involve significant management judgment because outputs of models can be calibrated to market-clearing levels.

Valuation models require a variety of inputs, such as contractual terms, market prices, yield curves, discount rates (including those derived from interest rates on collateral received and posted as specified in credit support agreements for collateralized derivatives), credit curves, measures of volatility, prepayment rates, loss severity rates and correlations of such inputs. Significant inputs to the valuations of level 2 derivatives can be verified to market transactions, broker or dealer quotations or other alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Consideration is given to the nature of the quotations (e.g., indicative or firm) and the relationship of recent market activity to the prices provided from alternative pricing sources.

Level 3 Derivatives

Level 3 derivatives are valued using models which utilize observable level 1 and/or level 2 inputs, as well as unobservable level 3 inputs. The significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 derivatives are described below.

• For the majority of the firm’s interest rate and currency derivatives classified in level 3, significant unobservable inputs include correlations of certain currencies and interest rates (e.g., the correlation between Euro inflation and Euro interest rates) and specific interest rate volatilities.

• For level 3 credit derivatives, significant unobservable inputs include illiquid credit spreads and upfront credit points, which are unique to specific reference obligations and reference entities, recovery rates and certain correlations required to value credit derivatives (e.g., the likelihood of default of the underlying reference obligation relative to one another).

• For level 3 commodity derivatives, significant unobservable inputs include volatilities for options with strike prices that differ significantly from current market prices and prices or spreads for certain products for which the product quality or physical location of the commodity is not aligned with benchmark indices.

• For level 3 equity derivatives, significant unobservable inputs generally include equity volatility inputs for options that are long-dated and/or have strike prices that differ significantly from current market prices. In addition, the valuation of certain structured trades requires the use of level 3 correlation inputs, such as the correlation of the price performance of two or more individual stocks or the correlation of the price performance for a basket of stocks to another asset class such as commodities.

Subsequent to the initial valuation of a level 3 derivative, the firm updates the level 1 and level 2 inputs to reflect observable market changes and any resulting gains and losses are classified in level 3. Level 3 inputs are changed when corroborated by evidence such as similar market transactions, third-party pricing services and/or broker or dealer quotations or other empirical market data. In circumstances where the firm cannot verify the model value by reference to market transactions, it is possible that a different valuation model could produce a materially different estimate of fair value. See below for further information about significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of level 3 derivatives.

Valuation Adjustments

Valuation adjustments are integral to determining the fair value of derivative portfolios and are used to adjust the mid-market valuations produced by derivative pricing models to the appropriate exit price valuation. These adjustments incorporate bid/offer spreads, the cost of liquidity, credit valuation adjustments and funding valuation adjustments, which account for the credit and funding risk inherent in the uncollateralized portion of derivative portfolios. The firm also makes funding valuation adjustments to collateralized derivatives where the terms of the agreement do not permit the firm to deliver or repledge collateral received. Market-based inputs are generally used when calibrating valuation adjustments to market-clearing levels.

In addition, for derivatives that include significant unobservable inputs, the firm makes model or exit price adjustments to account for the valuation uncertainty present in the transaction.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 26

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Fair Value of Derivatives by Level

The tables below present the fair value of derivatives on a gross basis by level and major product type, as well as the impact of netting, included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Interest rates		$     4		$ 281,349		$    576		$ 281,929
Credit		–		20,258		3,818		24,076
Currencies		–		102,146		177		102,323
Commodities		–		11,943		371		12,314
Equities		9		54,352		350		54,711
Gross fair value		13		470,048		5,292		475,353
Counterparty netting in levels		–		(369,339	)	(1,018	)	(370,357	)
Subtotal		$   13		$ 100,709		$ 4,274		$ 104,996
Cross-level counterparty netting								(966	)
Cash collateral netting								(54,798	)
Net fair value								$   49,232
Liabilities
Interest rates		$    (8	)	$(251,809	)	$   (903	)	$(252,720	)
Credit		–		(20,226	)	(2,057	)	(22,283	)
Currencies		–		(97,520	)	(213	)	(97,733	)
Commodities		–		(14,033	)	(305	)	(14,338	)
Equities		(28	)	(55,939	)	(1,931	)	(57,898	)
Gross fair value		(36	)	(439,527	)	(5,409	)	(444,972	)
Counterparty netting in levels		–		369,339		1,018		370,357
Subtotal		$  (36	)	$  (70,188	)	$(4,391	)	$  (74,615	)
Cross-level counterparty netting								966
Cash collateral netting								35,683
Net fair value								$  (37,966	)
	As of December 2016
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Interest rates		$   46		$ 506,818		$    614		$ 507,478
Credit		–		21,388		4,979		26,367
Currencies		–		111,762		187		111,949
Commodities		–		11,950		403		12,353
Equities		1		47,667		424		48,092
Gross fair value		47		699,585		6,607		706,239
Counterparty netting in levels		(12	)	(564,100	)	(1,417	)	(565,529	)
Subtotal		$   35		$ 135,485		$ 5,190		$ 140,710
Cross-level counterparty netting								(1,709	)
Cash collateral netting								(85,329	)
Net fair value								$   53,672
Liabilities
Interest rates		$  (27	)	$(457,963	)	$   (995	)	$(458,985	)
Credit		–		(21,106	)	(2,475	)	(23,581	)
Currencies		–		(107,212	)	(184	)	(107,396	)
Commodities		–		(13,541	)	(330	)	(13,871	)
Equities		(967	)	(49,083	)	(3,840	)	(53,890	)
Gross fair value		(994	)	(648,905	)	(7,824	)	(657,723	)
Counterparty netting in levels		12		564,100		1,417		565,529
Subtotal		$(982	)	$  (84,805	)	$(6,407	)	$  (92,194	)
Cross-level counterparty netting								1,709
Cash collateral netting								42,986
Net fair value								$  (47,499	)

In the tables above:

• The gross fair values exclude the effects of both counterparty netting and collateral netting, and therefore are not representative of the firm’s exposure.

• Counterparty netting is reflected in each level to the extent that receivable and payable balances are netted within the same level and is included in counterparty netting in levels. Where the counterparty netting is across levels, the netting is included in cross-level counterparty netting.

• Derivative assets are shown as positive amounts and derivative liabilities are shown as negative amounts.

Significant Unobservable Inputs

The table below presents the amount of level 3 assets (liabilities), and ranges, averages and medians of significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 derivatives.

	Level 3 Assets (Liabilities) and Range of Significant Unobservable Inputs (Average/Median) as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Interest rates, net		$(327)	$(381)
Correlation		(10)% to 86% (56%/60%)	(10)% to 86% (56%/60%)
Volatility (bps)		31 to 151 (84/57)	31 to 151 (84/57)
Credit, net		$1,761	$2,504
Correlation		35% to 91% (59%/59%)	35% to 91% (65%/68%)
Credit spreads (bps)		1 to 637 (89/50)	1 to 993 (122/73)
Upfront credit points		0 to 95 (41/36)	0 to 100 (43/35)
Recovery rates		22% to 97% (64%/70%)	1% to 97% (58%/70%)
Currencies, net		$(36)	$3
Correlation		25% to 72% (49%/46%)	25% to 70% (50%/55%)
Commodities, net		$66	$73
Volatility		9% to 65% (27%/27%)	13% to 68% (33%/33%)
Natural gas spread		$(2.24) to $2.84 ($(0.22)/$(0.12))	$(1.81) to $4.33 ($(0.14)/$(0.05))
Oil spread		$(7.10) to $60.00 ($4.67/$(1.54))	$(19.72) to $64.92 ($25.30/$16.43)
Equities, net		$(1,581)	$(3,416)
Correlation		(35)% to 94% (51%/48%)	(39)% to 88% (41%/41%)
Volatility		3% to 87% (24%/22%)	5% to 72% (24%/23%)

In the table above:

• Derivative assets are shown as positive amounts and derivative liabilities are shown as negative amounts.

• Ranges represent the significant unobservable inputs that were used in the valuation of each type of derivative.

• Averages represent the arithmetic average of the inputs and are not weighted by the relative fair value or notional of the respective financial instruments. An average greater than the median indicates that the majority of inputs are below the average. For example, the difference between the average and the median for credit spreads and oil spread inputs indicates that the majority of the inputs fall in the lower end of the range.

27 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

• The ranges, averages and medians of these inputs are not representative of the appropriate inputs to use when calculating the fair value of any one derivative. For example, the highest correlation for interest rate derivatives is appropriate for valuing a specific interest rate derivative but may not be appropriate for valuing any other interest rate derivative. Accordingly, the ranges of inputs do not represent uncertainty in, or possible ranges of, fair value measurements of the firm’s level 3 derivatives.

• Interest rates, currencies and equities derivatives are valued using option pricing models, credit derivatives are valued using option pricing, correlation and discounted cash flow models, and commodities derivatives are valued using option pricing and discounted cash flow models.

• The fair value of any one instrument may be determined using multiple valuation techniques. For example, option pricing models and discounted cash flows models are typically used together to determine fair value. Therefore, the level 3 balance encompasses both of these techniques.

• Correlation within currencies and equities includes cross-product correlation.

• Natural gas spread represents the spread per million British thermal units of natural gas.

• Oil spread represents the spread per barrel of oil and refined products.

Range of Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following is information about the ranges of significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 derivative instruments:

• Correlation. Ranges for correlation cover a variety of underliers both within one market (e.g., equity index and equity single stock names) and across markets (e.g., correlation of an interest rate and a foreign exchange rate), as well as across regions. Generally, cross-product correlation inputs are used to value more complex instruments and are lower than correlation inputs on assets within the same derivative product type.

• Volatility. Ranges for volatility cover numerous underliers across a variety of markets, maturities and strike prices. For example, volatility of equity indices is generally lower than volatility of single stocks.

• Credit spreads, upfront credit points and recovery rates. The ranges for credit spreads, upfront credit points and recovery rates cover a variety of underliers (index and single names), regions, sectors, maturities and credit qualities (high-yield and investment-grade). The broad range of this population gives rise to the width of the ranges of significant unobservable inputs.

• Commodity prices and spreads. The ranges for commodity prices and spreads cover variability in products, maturities and delivery locations.

Sensitivity of Fair Value Measurement to Changes in Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following is a description of the directional sensitivity of the firm’s level 3 fair value measurements to changes in significant unobservable inputs, in isolation:

• Correlation. In general, for contracts where the holder benefits from the convergence of the underlying asset or index prices (e.g., interest rates, credit spreads, foreign exchange rates, inflation rates and equity prices), an increase in correlation results in a higher fair value measurement.

• Volatility. In general, for purchased options, an increase in volatility results in a higher fair value measurement.

• Credit spreads, upfront credit points and recovery rates. In general, the fair value of purchased credit protection increases as credit spreads or upfront credit points increase or recovery rates decrease. Credit spreads, upfront credit points and recovery rates are strongly related to distinctive risk factors of the underlying reference obligations, which include reference entity-specific factors such as leverage, volatility and industry, market-based risk factors, such as borrowing costs or liquidity of the underlying reference obligation, and macroeconomic conditions.

• Commodity prices and spreads. In general, for contracts where the holder is receiving a commodity, an increase in the spread (price difference from a benchmark index due to differences in quality or delivery location) or price results in a higher fair value measurement.

Due to the distinctive nature of each of the firm’s level 3 derivatives, the interrelationship of inputs is not necessarily uniform within each product type.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 28

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Level 3 Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for all level 3 derivatives.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total level 3 derivatives
Beginning balance		$ 960		$2,430			$(1,217	)	$   495
Net realized gains/(losses)		(24	)	17			(82	)	(110	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		12		(171	)		(144	)	620
Purchases		48		43			146		191
Sales		(786	)	(38	)		(935	)	(279	)
Settlements		(299	)	(194	)		2,163		622
Transfers into level 3		(34	)	119			(6	)	500
Transfers out of level 3		6		86			(42	)	253
Ending balance		$(117	)	$2,292			$   (117	)	$2,292

In the table above:

• Changes in fair value are presented for all derivative assets and liabilities that are classified in level 3 as of the end of the period.

• Net unrealized gains/(losses) relate to instruments that were still held at period-end.

• If a derivative was transferred into level 3 during a reporting period, its entire gain or loss for the period is classified in level 3. Transfers between levels are reported at the beginning of the reporting period in which they occur.

• Positive amounts for transfers into level 3 and negative amounts for transfers out of level 3 represent net transfers of derivative assets. Negative amounts for transfers into level 3 and positive amounts for transfers out of level 3 represent net transfers of derivative liabilities.

• A derivative with level 1 and/or level 2 inputs is classified in level 3 in its entirety if it has at least one significant level 3 input.

• If there is one significant level 3 input, the entire gain or loss from adjusting only observable inputs (i.e., level 1 and level 2 inputs) is classified in level 3.

• Gains or losses that have been classified in level 3 resulting from changes in level 1 or level 2 inputs are frequently offset by gains or losses attributable to level 1 or level 2 derivatives and/or level 1, level 2 and level 3 cash instruments. As a result, gains/(losses) included in the level 3 rollforward below do not necessarily represent the overall impact on the firm’s results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.

The table below disaggregates, by major product type, the information for level 3 derivatives included in the summary table above.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Interest rates, net
Beginning balance		$   (319	)	$     56			$   (381	)	$   (398	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(34	)	(23	)		(77	)	(43	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		38		(48	)		68		129
Purchases		1		–			5		3
Sales		(4	)	(2	)		(12	)	(5	)
Settlements		5		61			78		95
Transfers into level 3		–		9			(11	)	304
Transfers out of level 3		(14	)	1			3		(31	)
Ending balance		$   (327	)	$     54			$   (327	)	$      54
Credit, net
Beginning balance		$ 1,999		$2,942			$ 2,504		$ 2,793
Net realized gains/(losses)		23		7			52		(50	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		54		(31	)		(149	)	359
Purchases		15		12			30		68
Sales		(27	)	(6	)		(40	)	(38	)
Settlements		(356	)	(110	)		(607	)	(393	)
Transfers into level 3		8		101			45		191
Transfers out of level 3		45		(4	)		(74	)	(19	)
Ending balance		$ 1,761		$2,911			$ 1,761		$ 2,911
Currencies, net
Beginning balance		$      25		$     17			$        3		$     (34	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(9	)	(12	)		(30	)	(39	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(52	)	(14	)		(87	)	2
Purchases		1		1			3		15
Sales		–		–			–		(4	)
Settlements		26		39			88		84
Transfers into level 3		3		–			11		1
Transfers out of level 3		(30	)	1			(24	)	7
Ending balance		$     (36	)	$     32			$     (36	)	$      32
Commodities, net
Beginning balance		$    118		$  (222	)		$      73		$   (262	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(4	)	(2	)		23		22
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		80		(25	)		135		34
Purchases		3		1			19		27
Sales		(58	)	(4	)		(120	)	(118	)
Settlements		(1	)	34			(42	)	12
Transfers into level 3		(47	)	6			(40	)	10
Transfers out of level 3		(25	)	210			18		273
Ending balance		$      66		$      (2	)		$      66		$       (2	)
Equities, net
Beginning balance		$   (863	)	$  (363	)		$(3,416	)	$(1,604	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		–		47			(50	)	–
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(108	)	(53	)		(111	)	96
Purchases		28		29			89		78
Sales		(697	)	(26	)		(763	)	(114	)
Settlements		27		(218	)		2,646		824
Transfers into level 3		2		3			(11	)	(6	)
Transfers out of level 3		30		(122	)		35		23
Ending balance		$(1,581	)	$  (703	)		$(1,581	)	$   (703	)

29 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Level 3 Rollforward Commentary

Three Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives of $12 million (reflecting $24 million of net realized losses and $12 million of net unrealized gains) for the three months ended September 2017 included gains/(losses) of $63 million and $(75) million reported in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 derivatives for the three months ended September 2017 were not material.

Both transfers into level 3 derivatives and transfers out of level 3 derivatives during the three months ended September 2017 were not material.

Nine Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives of $226 million (reflecting $82 million of net realized losses and $144 million of net unrealized losses) for the nine months ended September 2017 included gains/(losses) of $28 million and $(254) million reported in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions,” respectively.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives for the nine months ended September 2017 were primarily attributable to losses on certain credit derivatives, reflecting the impact of tighter credit spreads, and losses on certain equity derivatives, reflecting the impact of changes in equity prices, partially offset by gains on certain commodity derivatives, reflecting the impact of an increase in commodity prices.

Both transfers into level 3 derivatives and transfers out of level 3 derivatives during the nine months ended September 2017 were not material.

Three Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives of $154 million (reflecting $17 million of realized gains and $171 million of unrealized losses) for the three months ended September 2016 included losses of $16 million and $138 million reported in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions,” respectively.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives for the three months ended September 2016 were primarily attributable to losses on certain equity derivatives reflecting the impact of an increase in equity prices, and losses on certain interest rate derivatives reflecting the impact of a decrease in interest rates.

Transfers into level 3 derivatives during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain credit derivative assets from level 2, principally due to unobservable credit spread inputs becoming significant to the net risk of certain portfolios.

Transfers out of level 3 derivatives during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain commodity derivative liabilities to level 2, principally due to unobservable volatility inputs no longer being significant to the valuation of these derivatives and transfers of certain equity derivative assets to level 2, primarily due to increased transparency of unobservable correlation and volatility inputs used to value these derivatives.

Nine Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 derivatives of $510 million (reflecting $110 million of realized losses and $620 million of unrealized gains) for the nine months ended September 2016 included gains/(losses) of $686 million and $(176) million reported in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 derivatives for the nine months ended September 2016 were primarily attributable to gains on certain credit and interest rate derivatives, principally reflecting the impact of a decrease in interest rates.

Transfers into level 3 derivatives during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain interest rate derivative assets from level 2, principally due to reduced transparency of certain unobservable inputs used to value these derivatives, and transfers of certain credit derivative assets from level 2 primarily due to unobservable credit spread inputs becoming significant to the net risk of certain portfolios.

Transfers out of level 3 derivatives during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain commodity derivative liabilities to level 2, principally due to unobservable volatility inputs no longer being significant to the valuation of these derivatives.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 30

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

OTC Derivatives

The table below presents the fair values of OTC derivative assets and liabilities by tenor and major product type.

$ in millions	Less than 1 Year		1 - 5 Years		Greater than 5 Years		Total
As of September 2017
Assets
Interest rates	$  4,086		$16,288		$55,464		$  75,838
Credit	1,309		3,554		3,948		8,811
Currencies	14,652		6,158		8,454		29,264
Commodities	2,648		1,596		191		4,435
Equities	3,394		6,659		1,471		11,524
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,426	)	(4,746	)	(3,082	)	(11,254	)
Subtotal	$22,663		$29,509		$66,446		$118,618
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,778	)
Cash collateral netting							(54,798	)
Total							$  46,042
Liabilities
Interest rates	$  5,347		$  9,276		$31,772		$  46,395
Credit	2,020		3,650		1,347		7,017
Currencies	13,124		6,998		4,542		24,664
Commodities	2,340		1,767		2,476		6,583
Equities	7,335		5,680		3,213		16,228
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,426	)	(4,746	)	(3,082	)	(11,254	)
Subtotal	$26,740		$22,625		$40,268		$  89,633
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,778	)
Cash collateral netting							(35,683	)
Total							$  36,172
As of December 2016
Assets
Interest rates	$  5,845		$18,376		$79,507		$103,728
Credit	1,763		2,695		4,889		9,347
Currencies	18,344		8,292		8,428		35,064
Commodities	3,273		1,415		179		4,867
Equities	3,141		9,249		1,341		13,731
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,543	)	(5,550	)	(3,794	)	(12,887	)
Subtotal	$28,823		$34,477		$90,550		$153,850
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,396	)
Cash collateral netting							(85,329	)
Total							$  51,125
Liabilities
Interest rates	$  5,679		$10,814		$38,812		$  55,305
Credit	2,060		3,328		1,167		6,555
Currencies	14,720		9,771		5,879		30,370
Commodities	2,546		1,555		2,315		6,416
Equities	7,000		10,426		2,614		20,040
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,543	)	(5,550	)	(3,794	)	(12,887	)
Subtotal	$28,462		$30,344		$46,993		$105,799
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,396	)
Cash collateral netting							(42,986	)
Total							$  45,417

In the table above:

• Tenor is based on expected duration for mortgage-related credit derivatives and generally on remaining contractual maturity for other derivatives.

• Counterparty netting within the same product type and tenor category is included within such product type and tenor category.

• Counterparty netting across product types within the same tenor category is included in counterparty netting in tenors. Where the counterparty netting is across tenor categories, the netting is included in cross-tenor counterparty netting.

Credit Derivatives

The firm enters into a broad array of credit derivatives in locations around the world to facilitate client transactions and to manage the credit risk associated with market-making and investing and lending activities. Credit derivatives are actively managed based on the firm’s net risk position.

Credit derivatives are generally individually negotiated contracts and can have various settlement and payment conventions. Credit events include failure to pay, bankruptcy, acceleration of indebtedness, restructuring, repudiation and dissolution of the reference entity.

The firm enters into the following types of credit derivatives:

• Credit Default Swaps. Single-name credit default swaps protect the buyer against the loss of principal on one or more bonds, loans or mortgages (reference obligations) in the event the issuer (reference entity) of the reference obligations suffers a credit event. The buyer of protection pays an initial or periodic premium to the seller and receives protection for the period of the contract. If there is no credit event, as defined in the contract, the seller of protection makes no payments to the buyer of protection. However, if a credit event occurs, the seller of protection is required to make a payment to the buyer of protection, which is calculated in accordance with the terms of the contract.

• Credit Options. In a credit option, the option writer assumes the obligation to purchase or sell a reference obligation at a specified price or credit spread. The option purchaser buys the right, but does not assume the obligation, to sell the reference obligation to, or purchase it from, the option writer. The payments on credit options depend either on a particular credit spread or the price of the reference obligation.

31 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

• Credit Indices, Baskets and Tranches. Credit derivatives may reference a basket of single-name credit default swaps or a broad-based index. If a credit event occurs in one of the underlying reference obligations, the protection seller pays the protection buyer. The payment is typically a pro-rata portion of the transaction’s total notional amount based on the underlying defaulted reference obligation. In certain transactions, the credit risk of a basket or index is separated into various portions (tranches), each having different levels of subordination. The most junior tranches cover initial defaults and once losses exceed the notional amount of these junior tranches, any excess loss is covered by the next most senior tranche in the capital structure.

• Total Return Swaps. A total return swap transfers the risks relating to economic performance of a reference obligation from the protection buyer to the protection seller. Typically, the protection buyer receives from the protection seller a floating rate of interest and protection against any reduction in fair value of the reference obligation, and in return the protection seller receives the cash flows associated with the reference obligation, plus any increase in the fair value of the reference obligation.

The firm economically hedges its exposure to written credit derivatives primarily by entering into offsetting purchased credit derivatives with identical underliers. Substantially all of the firm’s purchased credit derivative transactions are with financial institutions and are subject to stringent collateral thresholds. In addition, upon the occurrence of a specified trigger event, the firm may take possession of the reference obligations underlying a particular written credit derivative, and consequently may, upon liquidation of the reference obligations, recover amounts on the underlying reference obligations in the event of default.

As of September 2017, written and purchased credit derivatives had total gross notional amounts of $670.14 billion and $727.59 billion, respectively, for total net notional purchased protection of $57.45 billion. As of December 2016, written and purchased credit derivatives had total gross notional amounts of $690.47 billion and $733.98 billion, respectively, for total net notional purchased protection of $43.51 billion. Substantially all of the firm’s written and purchased credit derivatives are credit default swaps.

The table below presents certain information about credit derivatives.

	Credit Spread on Underlier (basis points)
$ in millions		0 - 250	251 - 500		501 - 1,000		Greater than 1,000		Total
As of September 2017
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivatives by Tenor
Less than 1 year		$208,398	$  6,880		$     731		$  5,048		$221,057
1 - 5 years		327,617	10,426		7,711		7,961		353,715
Greater than 5 years		86,151	5,518		2,578		1,118		95,365
Total		$622,166	$22,824		$11,020		$14,127		$670,137
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives
Offsetting		$537,389	$17,554		$  9,831		$12,257		$577,031
Other		136,997	9,672		2,024		1,867		150,560
Fair Value of Written Credit Derivatives
Asset		$  14,519	$     732		$     229		$     164		$  15,644
Liability		1,614	452		810		4,370		7,246
Net asset/(liability)		$  12,905	$     280		$    (581	)	$ (4,206	)	$    8,398
As of December 2016
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivatives by Tenor
Less than 1 year		$207,727	$  5,819		$  1,016		$  8,629		$223,191
1 - 5 years		375,208	17,255		8,643		7,986		409,092
Greater than 5 years		52,977	3,928		1,045		233		58,183
Total		$635,912	$27,002		$10,704		$16,848		$690,466
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives
Offsetting		$558,305	$20,588		$10,133		$15,186		$604,212
Other		119,509	7,712		1,098		1,446		129,765
Fair Value of Written Credit Derivatives
Asset		$  13,919	$     606		$     187		$       45		$  14,757
Liability		2,436	902		809		5,686		9,833
Net asset/(liability)		$  11,483	$    (296	)	$    (622	)	$ (5,641	)	$    4,924

In the table above:

• Fair values exclude the effects of both netting of receivable balances with payable balances under enforceable netting agreements, and netting of cash received or posted under enforceable credit support agreements, and therefore are not representative of the firm’s credit exposure.

• Tenor is based on expected duration for mortgage-related credit derivatives and on remaining contractual maturity for other credit derivatives.

• The credit spread on the underlier, together with the tenor of the contract, are indicators of payment/performance risk. The firm is less likely to pay or otherwise be required to perform where the credit spread and the tenor are lower.

• Offsetting purchased credit derivatives represent the notional amount of purchased credit derivatives that economically hedge written credit derivatives with identical underliers and are included in offsetting.

• Other purchased credit derivatives represent the notional amount of all other purchased credit derivatives not included in offsetting.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 32

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Impact of Credit Spreads on Derivatives

On an ongoing basis, the firm realizes gains or losses relating to changes in credit risk through the unwind of derivative contracts and changes in credit mitigants.

The net gain, including hedges, attributable to the impact of changes in credit exposure and credit spreads (counterparty and the firm’s) on derivatives was $32 million and $44 million for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $51 million and $155 million for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively.

Bifurcated Embedded Derivatives

The table below presents the fair value and the notional amount of derivatives that have been bifurcated from their related borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Fair value of assets		$   893	$   676
Fair value of liabilities		1,053	864
Net liability		$   160	$   188
Notional amount		$9,717	$8,726

In the table above, these derivatives, which are recorded at fair value, primarily consist of interest rate, equity and commodity products and are included in “Unsecured short-term borrowings” and “Unsecured long-term borrowings” with the related borrowings. See Note 8 for further information.

Derivatives with Credit-Related Contingent Features

Certain of the firm’s derivatives have been transacted under bilateral agreements with counterparties who may require the firm to post collateral or terminate the transactions based on changes in the firm’s credit ratings. The firm assesses the impact of these bilateral agreements by determining the collateral or termination payments that would occur assuming a downgrade by all rating agencies. A downgrade by any one rating agency, depending on the agency’s relative ratings of the firm at the time of the downgrade, may have an impact which is comparable to the impact of a downgrade by all rating agencies.

The table below presents the aggregate fair value of net derivative liabilities under such agreements (excluding application of collateral posted to reduce these liabilities), the related aggregate fair value of the assets posted as collateral and the additional collateral or termination payments that could have been called by counterparties in the event of a one-notch and two-notch downgrade in the firm’s credit ratings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Net derivative liabilities under bilateral agreements		$27,290	$32,927
Collateral posted		$23,416	$27,840
Additional collateral or termination payments:
One-notch downgrade		$     272	$     677
Two-notch downgrade		$  1,374	$  2,216

Hedge Accounting

The firm applies hedge accounting for (i) certain interest rate swaps used to manage the interest rate exposure of certain fixed-rate unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings and certain fixed-rate certificates of deposit and (ii) certain foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency-denominated debt used to manage foreign currency exposures on the firm’s net investment in certain non-U.S. operations.

To qualify for hedge accounting, the hedging instrument must be highly effective at reducing the risk from the exposure being hedged. Additionally, the firm must formally document the hedging relationship at inception and test the hedging relationship at least on a quarterly basis to ensure the hedging instrument continues to be highly effective over the life of the hedging relationship.

Fair Value Hedges

The firm designates certain interest rate swaps as fair value hedges. These interest rate swaps hedge changes in fair value attributable to the designated benchmark interest rate (e.g., London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or Overnight Index Swap Rate), effectively converting a substantial portion of fixed-rate obligations into floating-rate obligations.

The firm applies a statistical method that utilizes regression analysis when assessing the effectiveness of its fair value hedging relationships in achieving offsetting changes in the fair values of the hedging instrument and the risk being hedged (i.e., interest rate risk). An interest rate swap is considered highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value attributable to changes in the hedged risk when the regression analysis results in a coefficient of determination of 80% or greater and a slope between 80% and 125%.

33 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

For qualifying fair value hedges, gains or losses on derivatives are included in “Interest expense.” The change in fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk being hedged is reported as an adjustment to its carrying value and is subsequently amortized into interest expense over its remaining life. Gains or losses resulting from hedge ineffectiveness are included in “Interest expense.” When a derivative is no longer designated as a hedge, any remaining difference between the carrying value and par value of the hedged item is amortized to interest expense over the remaining life of the hedged item using the effective interest method. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

The table below presents the gains/(losses) from interest rate derivatives accounted for as hedges, the related hedged borrowings and deposits, and the hedge ineffectiveness on these derivatives, which primarily consists of amortization of prepaid credit spreads resulting from the passage of time.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Interest rate hedges		$(518	)	$(984	)		$(1,944	)	$ 1,865
Hedged borrowings and deposits		379		823			1,433		(2,169	)
Hedge ineffectiveness		$(139	)	$(161	)		$   (511	)	$   (304	)

Net Investment Hedges

The firm seeks to reduce the impact of fluctuations in foreign exchange rates on its net investments in certain non-U.S. operations through the use of foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency-denominated debt. For foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedges, the effectiveness of the hedge is assessed based on the overall changes in the fair value of the forward contracts (i.e., based on changes in forward rates). For foreign currency-denominated debt designated as a hedge, the effectiveness of the hedge is assessed based on changes in spot rates.

For qualifying net investment hedges, the gains or losses on the hedging instruments, to the extent effective, are included in “Currency translation.”

The table below presents the gains/(losses) from net investment hedging.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Hedges:
Foreign currency forward contract		$(192	)	$(74	)		$(770	)	$(382	)
Foreign currency-denominated debt		$    (2	)	$(47	)		$  (70	)	$(408	)

The gain/(loss) related to ineffectiveness was not material for both the three and nine months ended September 2017 or September 2016. The net gain/(loss) reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months ended September 2017 was not material and for the nine months ended September 2017 was $39 million (reflecting a gain of $223 million related to the hedges and a loss of $184 million on the related net investments in non-U.S. operations). The gain/(loss) reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income was not material for both the three and nine months ended September 2016.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had designated $2.04 billion and $1.69 billion, respectively, of foreign currency-denominated debt, included in “Unsecured long-term borrowings” and “Unsecured short-term borrowings,” as hedges of net investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries.

Note 8.

Fair Value Option

Other Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities at Fair Value

In addition to all cash and derivative instruments included in “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased,” the firm accounts for certain of its other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value, substantially all of which are accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. The primary reasons for electing the fair value option are to:

• Reflect economic events in earnings on a timely basis;

• Mitigate volatility in earnings from using different measurement attributes (e.g., transfers of financial instruments owned accounted for as financings are recorded at fair value, whereas the related secured financing would be recorded on an accrual basis absent electing the fair value option); and

• Address simplification and cost-benefit considerations (e.g., accounting for hybrid financial instruments at fair value in their entirety versus bifurcation of embedded derivatives and hedge accounting for debt hosts).

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 34

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Hybrid financial instruments are instruments that contain bifurcatable embedded derivatives and do not require settlement by physical delivery of nonfinancial assets (e.g., physical commodities). If the firm elects to bifurcate the embedded derivative from the associated debt, the derivative is accounted for at fair value and the host contract is accounted for at amortized cost, adjusted for the effective portion of any fair value hedges. If the firm does not elect to bifurcate, the entire hybrid financial instrument is accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

Other financial assets and financial liabilities accounted for at fair value under the fair value option include:

• Repurchase agreements and substantially all resale agreements;

• Securities borrowed and loaned within Fixed Income, Currency and Commodities Client Execution (FICC Client Execution);

• Substantially all other secured financings, including transfers of assets accounted for as financings rather than sales;

• Certain unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings, substantially all of which are hybrid financial instruments;

• Certain receivables from customers and counterparties, including transfers of assets accounted for as secured loans rather than purchases and certain margin loans;

• Certain time deposits issued by the firm’s bank subsidiaries (deposits with no stated maturity are not eligible for a fair value option election), including structured certificates of deposit, which are hybrid financial instruments; and

• Certain subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs.

Fair Value of Other Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities by Level

The table below presents, by level within the fair value hierarchy, other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value, substantially all of which are accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

$ in millions	Level 1	Level 2		Level 3		Total
As of September 2017
Assets
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	$  –	$ 112,108		$          –		$ 112,108
Securities borrowed	–	74,121		–		74,121
Receivables from customers and counterparties	–	3,518		1		3,519
Total	$  –	$ 189,747		$          1		$ 189,748
Liabilities
Deposits	$  –	$  (20,960	)	$  (2,792	)	$  (23,752	)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	–	(86,380	)	(44	)	(86,424	)
Securities loaned	–	(5,038	)	–		(5,038	)
Other secured financings	–	(21,850	)	(453	)	(22,303	)
Unsecured borrowings:
Short-term	–	(13,880	)	(3,875	)	(17,755	)
Long-term	–	(28,425	)	(7,536	)	(35,961	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	–	(208	)	(53	)	(261	)
Total	$  –	$(176,741	)	$(14,753	)	$(191,494	)
As of December 2016
Assets
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	$  –	$ 116,077		$          –		$ 116,077
Securities borrowed	–	82,398		–		82,398
Receivables from customers and counterparties	–	3,211		55		3,266
Total	$  –	$ 201,686		$        55		$ 201,741
Liabilities
Deposits	$  –	$  (10,609	)	$  (3,173	)	$  (13,782	)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	–	(71,750	)	(66	)	(71,816	)
Securities loaned	–	(2,647	)	–		(2,647	)
Other secured financings	–	(20,516	)	(557	)	(21,073	)
Unsecured borrowings:
Short-term	–	(10,896	)	(3,896	)	(14,792	)
Long-term	–	(22,185	)	(7,225	)	(29,410	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	–	(559	)	(62	)	(621	)
Total	$  –	$(139,162	)	$(14,979	)	$(154,141	)

In the table above, other financial assets are shown as positive amounts and other financial liabilities are shown as negative amounts.

35 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Valuation Techniques and Significant Inputs

Other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value are generally valued based on discounted cash flow techniques, which incorporate inputs with reasonable levels of price transparency, and are generally classified in level 2 because the inputs are observable. Valuation adjustments may be made for liquidity and for counterparty and the firm’s credit quality.

See below for information about the significant inputs used to value other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value, including the ranges of significant unobservable inputs used to value the level 3 instruments within these categories. These ranges represent the significant unobservable inputs that were used in the valuation of each type of other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. The ranges and weighted averages of these inputs are not representative of the appropriate inputs to use when calculating the fair value of any one instrument. For example, the highest yield presented below for other secured financings is appropriate for valuing a specific agreement in that category but may not be appropriate for valuing any other agreements in that category. Accordingly, the ranges of inputs presented below do not represent uncertainty in, or possible ranges of, fair value measurements of the firm’s level 3 other financial assets and financial liabilities.

Resale and Repurchase Agreements and Securities Borrowed and Loaned. The significant inputs to the valuation of resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned are funding spreads, the amount and timing of expected future cash flows and interest rates. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had no level 3 resale agreements, securities borrowed or securities loaned. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm’s level 3 repurchase agreements were not material. See Note 10 for further information about collateralized agreements and financings.

Other Secured Financings. The significant inputs to the valuation of other secured financings at fair value are the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, interest rates, funding spreads, the fair value of the collateral delivered by the firm (which is determined using the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, market prices, market yields and recovery assumptions) and the frequency of additional collateral calls. The ranges of significant unobservable inputs used to value level 3 other secured financings are as follows:

As of September 2017:

• Yield: 0.5% to 10.0% (weighted average: 3.1%)

• Duration: 0.3 to 11.3 years (weighted average: 2.4 years)

As of December 2016:

• Yield: 0.4% to 16.6% (weighted average: 3.5%)

• Duration: 0.1 to 5.7 years (weighted average: 2.3 years)

Generally, increases in funding spreads, yield or duration, in isolation, would result in a lower fair value measurement. Due to the distinctive nature of each of the firm’s level 3 other secured financings, the interrelationship of inputs is not necessarily uniform across such financings. See Note 10 for further information about collateralized agreements and financings.

Unsecured Short-term and Long-term Borrowings. The significant inputs to the valuation of unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings at fair value are the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, interest rates, the credit spreads of the firm, as well as commodity prices in the case of prepaid commodity transactions. The inputs used to value the embedded derivative component of hybrid financial instruments are consistent with the inputs used to value the firm’s other derivative instruments. See Note 7 for further information about derivatives. See Notes 15 and 16 for further information about unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings, respectively.

Certain of the firm’s unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings are classified in level 3, substantially all of which are hybrid financial instruments. As the significant unobservable inputs used to value hybrid financial instruments primarily relate to the embedded derivative component of these borrowings, these inputs are incorporated in the firm’s derivative disclosures related to unobservable inputs in Note 7.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 36

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Receivables from Customers and Counterparties. Receivables from customers and counterparties at fair value primarily consist of transfers of assets accounted for as secured loans rather than purchases. The significant inputs to the valuation of such receivables are commodity prices, interest rates, the amount and timing of expected future cash flows and funding spreads. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm’s level 3 receivables from customers and counterparties were not material.

Deposits. The significant inputs to the valuation of time deposits are interest rates and the amount and timing of future cash flows. The inputs used to value the embedded derivative component of hybrid financial instruments are consistent with the inputs used to value the firm’s other derivative instruments. See Note 7 for further information about derivatives and Note 14 for further information about deposits.

The firm’s deposits that are classified in level 3 are hybrid financial instruments. As the significant unobservable inputs used to value hybrid financial instruments primarily relate to the embedded derivative component of these deposits, these inputs are incorporated in the firm’s derivative disclosures related to unobservable inputs in Note 7.

Transfers Between Levels of the Fair Value Hierarchy

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are reported at the beginning of the reporting period in which they occur. There were no transfers of other financial assets and financial liabilities between level 1 and level 2 during both the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016. See “Level 3 Rollforward” below for information about transfers between level 2 and level 3.

Level 3 Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for level 3 other financial assets and financial liabilities accounted for at fair value.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total other financial assets
Beginning balance		$          1		$        48			$        55		$        45
Net realized gains/(losses)		–		1			–		2
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		–		1			(3	)	1
Purchases		–		6			1		10
Settlements		–		(1	)		(52	)	(3	)
Ending balance		$          1		$        55			$          1		$        55
Total other financial liabilities
Beginning balance		$(15,863	)	$(15,089	)		$(14,979	)	$(11,244	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(79	)	(23	)		(212	)	(76	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(249	)	(306	)		(821	)	(335	)
Purchases		–		(3	)		(3	)	(10	)
Sales		–		–			–		6
Issuances		(2,352	)	(2,150	)		(6,479	)	(8,996	)
Settlements		1,873		1,787			5,111		5,192
Transfers into level 3		(119	)	(230	)		(631	)	(803	)
Transfers out of level 3		2,036		886			3,261		1,138
Ending balance		$(14,753	)	$(15,128	)		$(14,753	)	$(15,128	)

In the table above:

• Changes in fair value are presented for all other financial assets and financial liabilities that are classified in level 3 as of the end of the period.

• Net unrealized gains/(losses) relate to instruments that were still held at period-end.

• If a financial asset or financial liability was transferred to level 3 during a reporting period, its entire gain or loss for the period is classified in level 3. For level 3 other financial assets, increases are shown as positive amounts, while decreases are shown as negative amounts. For level 3 other financial liabilities, increases are shown as negative amounts, while decreases are shown as positive amounts.

• Level 3 other financial assets and financial liabilities are frequently economically hedged with cash instruments and derivatives. Accordingly, gains or losses that are classified in level 3 can be partially offset by gains or losses attributable to level 1, 2 or 3 cash instruments or derivatives. As a result, gains or losses included in the level 3 rollforward below do not necessarily represent the overall impact on the firm’s results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.

37 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below disaggregates, by the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition line items, the information for other financial liabilities included in the summary table above.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Deposits
Beginning balance		$(3,579	)	$(2,936	)		$(3,173	)	$(2,215	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(1	)	(7	)		(5	)	(20	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(57	)	–			(160	)	(208	)
Issuances		(169	)	(284	)		(513	)	(797	)
Settlements		189		9			225		22
Transfers out of level 3		825		–			834		–
Ending balance		$(2,792	)	$(3,218	)		$(2,792	)	$(3,218	)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Beginning balance		$     (61	)	$     (76	)		$     (66	)	$     (71	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		–		–			(1	)	(6	)
Settlements		17		1			23		2
Ending balance		$     (44	)	$     (75	)		$     (44	)	$     (75	)
Other secured financings
Beginning balance		$   (718	)	$   (688	)		$   (557	)	$   (549	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		1		(1	)		10		(4	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(4	)	(9	)		(26	)	(33	)
Purchases		–		(3	)		(3	)	(8	)
Sales		–		–			–		6
Issuances		(4	)	(1	)		(21	)	(141	)
Settlements		44		191			134		228
Transfers into level 3		(2	)	(106	)		(221	)	(116	)
Transfers out of level 3		230		1			231		1
Ending balance		$   (453	)	$   (616	)		$   (453	)	$   (616	)
Unsecured short-term borrowings
Beginning balance		$(3,735	)	$(4,654	)		$(3,896	)	$(4,133	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(77	)	–			(188	)	(33	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(86	)	(218	)		(206	)	(98	)
Issuances		(1,229	)	(692	)		(3,535	)	(3,327	)
Settlements		1,027		1,208			2,756		3,522
Transfers into level 3		(30	)	(76	)		(113	)	(427	)
Transfers out of level 3		255		760			1,307		824
Ending balance		$(3,875	)	$(3,672	)		$(3,875	)	$(3,672	)
Unsecured long-term borrowings
Beginning balance		$(7,706	)	$(6,626	)		$(7,225	)	$(4,224	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(7	)	(19	)		(43	)	(27	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(113	)	(88	)		(437	)	21
Purchases		–		–			–		(2	)
Issuances		(945	)	(1,160	)		(2,396	)	(4,676	)
Settlements		596		378			1,973		1,417
Transfers into level 3		(87	)	(48	)		(297	)	(260	)
Transfers out of level 3		726		125			889		313
Ending balance		$(7,536	)	$(7,438	)		$(7,536	)	$(7,438	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses
Beginning balance		$     (64	)	$   (109	)		$     (62	)	$     (52	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		5		4			14		8
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		11		9			9		(11	)
Issuances		(5	)	(13	)		(14	)	(55	)
Settlements		–		–			–		1
Ending balance		$     (53	)	$   (109	)		$     (53	)	$   (109	)

Level 3 Rollforward Commentary

Three Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities of $328 million (reflecting $79 million of net realized losses and $249 million of net unrealized losses) for the three months ended September 2017 included losses of $305 million, $1 million and $2 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest expense,” respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings, and losses of $20 million reported in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities for the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected losses on certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings, principally due to an increase in global equity prices.

Transfers into level 3 of other financial liabilities during the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term borrowings from level 2, principally due to certain unobservable volatility inputs being significant to the valuation of these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 of other financial liabilities during the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in deposits to level 2, principally due to increased transparency of correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments and transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term borrowings to level 2, principally due to increased transparency of certain inputs used to value these instruments as a result of market transactions in similar instruments.

Nine Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities of $1.03 billion (reflecting $212 million of net realized losses and $821 million of net unrealized losses) for the nine months ended September 2017 included losses of $893 million, $23 million and $11 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest expense,” respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings, and losses of $106 million reported in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 38

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The net unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities for the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected losses on certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term borrowings, principally due to an increase in global equity prices, the impact of tighter credit spreads and changes in interest rates, and certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to an increase in global equity prices and changes in foreign exchange rates.

Transfers into level 3 of other financial liabilities during the nine months ended September 2017 reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings from level 2, principally due to reduced transparency of certain inputs used to value these instruments and transfers of certain other secured financings from level 2, principally due to reduced transparency of certain yield inputs used to value these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 of other financial liabilities during the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings to level 2, principally due to increased transparency of certain inputs used to value these instruments as a result of market transactions in similar instruments and transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in deposits to level 2, principally due to increased transparency of correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

Three Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities of $329 million (reflecting $23 million of net realized losses and $306 million of net unrealized losses) for the three months ended September 2016 included losses of approximately $302 million, $18 million and $2 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest expense,” respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings, and losses of $7 million reported in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities for the three months ended September 2016 primarily consisted of losses on certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to changes in foreign exchange rates and an increase in global equity prices.

Transfers into level 3 of other financial liabilities during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in other secured financings, principally due to reduced transparency of certain yield inputs used to value these instruments and transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to reduced transparency of certain correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 of other financial liabilities during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to increased transparency of certain inputs, including correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

Nine Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities of $411 million (reflecting $76 million of net realized losses and $335 million of net unrealized losses) for the nine months ended September 2016 included losses of approximately $332 million, $32 million and $7 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest expense,” respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings, and losses of $40 million reported in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities for the nine months ended September 2016 primarily consisted of losses on certain hybrid financial instruments included in deposits, principally due to the impact of an increase in the market value of the underlying assets.

Transfers into level 3 of other financial liabilities during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings, principally due to reduced transparency of certain correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 of other financial liabilities during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to increased transparency of certain inputs, including correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

39 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Gains and Losses on Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Accounted for at Fair Value Under the Fair Value Option

The table below presents the gains and losses recognized in earnings as a result of the firm electing to apply the fair value option to certain financial assets and financial liabilities.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Unsecured short-term borrowings		$   (819	)	$(832	)		$(2,036	)	$   (773	)
Unsecured long-term borrowings		(448	)	(19	)		(1,121	)	(608	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses		16		1			204		(86	)
Other		(166	)	(85	)		(445	)	(629	)
Total		$(1,417	)	$(935	)		$(3,398	)	$(2,096	)

In the table above:

• Gains/(losses) are included in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions.”

• Gains/(losses) exclude contractual interest, which is included in “Interest income” and “Interest expense,” for all instruments other than hybrid financial instruments. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

• Gains/(losses) included in unsecured short-term borrowings are substantially all related to the embedded derivative component of hybrid financial instruments for both the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016. Gains/(losses) included in unsecured long-term borrowings are primarily related to the embedded derivative component of hybrid financial instruments for both the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016. These gains and losses would have been recognized under other U.S. GAAP even if the firm had not elected to account for the entire hybrid financial instrument at fair value.

• Other liabilities and accrued expenses includes gains/(losses) on certain subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs.

• Other primarily consists of gains/(losses) on receivables from customers and counterparties, deposits and other secured financings.

Excluding the gains and losses on the instruments accounted for under the fair value option described above, “Market making” and “Other principal transactions” primarily represent gains and losses on “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.”

Loans and Lending Commitments

The table below presents the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate contractual principal amount for loans and long-term receivables for which the fair value option was elected.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Performing loans and long-term receivables
Aggregate contractual principal in excess of fair value		$   608	$   478
Loans on nonaccrual status and/or more than 90 days past due
Aggregate contractual principal in excess of fair value		$5,385	$8,101
Aggregate fair value of loans on nonaccrual status and/or more than 90 days past due		$2,220	$2,138

In the table above, the aggregate contractual principal amount of loans on non-accrual status and/or more than 90 days past due (which excludes loans carried at zero fair value and considered uncollectible) exceeds the related fair value primarily because the firm regularly purchases loans, such as distressed loans, at values significantly below the contractual principal amounts.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the fair value of unfunded lending commitments for which the fair value option was elected was a liability of $29 million and $80 million, respectively, and the related total contractual amount of these lending commitments was $7.03 billion and $7.19 billion, respectively. See Note 18 for further information about lending commitments.

Long-Term Debt Instruments

The difference between the aggregate contractual principal amount and the related fair value of long-term other secured financings for which the fair value option was elected was not material as of September 2017, and the aggregate contractual principal amount exceeded the related fair value by $361 million as of December 2016. The aggregate contractual principal amount of unsecured long-term borrowings for which the fair value option was elected exceeded the related fair value by $1.38 billion and $1.56 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. The amounts above include both principal- and non-principal-protected long-term borrowings.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 40

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Impact of Credit Spreads on Loans and Lending Commitments

The estimated net gain attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit spreads on loans and lending commitments for which the fair value option was elected was $75 million and $157 million for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $249 million and $270 million for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively. The firm generally calculates the fair value of loans and lending commitments for which the fair value option is elected by discounting future cash flows at a rate which incorporates the instrument-specific credit spreads. For floating-rate loans and lending commitments, substantially all changes in fair value are attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit spreads, whereas for fixed-rate loans and lending commitments, changes in fair value are also attributable to changes in interest rates.

Debt Valuation Adjustment

The firm calculates the fair value of financial liabilities for which the fair value option is elected by discounting future cash flows at a rate which incorporates the firm’s credit spreads.

The table below presents details about the net DVA losses on such financial liabilities.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
DVA (pre-tax)		$(161	)	$(13	)		$(804	)	$(116	)
DVA (net of tax)		$(104	)	$(13	)		$(518	)	$  (75	)

In the table above:

• DVA (net of tax) is included in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

• The gains/(losses) reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive loss upon extinguishment of such financial liabilities were not material for both the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016.

Note 9.

Loans Receivable

Loans receivable consists of loans held for investment that are accounted for at amortized cost net of allowance for loan losses. Interest on loans receivable is recognized over the life of the loan and is recorded on an accrual basis.

The table below presents details about loans receivable.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Corporate loans		$30,422		$24,837
Loans to private wealth management clients		14,441		13,828
Loans backed by commercial real estate		7,094		4,761
Loans backed by residential real estate		5,327		3,865
Other loans		4,939		2,890
Total loans receivable, gross		62,223		50,181
Allowance for loan losses		(737	)	(509	)
Total loans receivable		$61,486		$49,672

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the fair value of loans receivable was $61.84 billion and $49.80 billion, respectively. As of September 2017, had these loans been carried at fair value and included in the fair value hierarchy, $35.53 billion and $26.31 billion would have been classified in level 2 and level 3, respectively. As of December 2016, had these loans been carried at fair value and included in the fair value hierarchy, $28.40 billion and $21.40 billion would have been classified in level 2 and level 3, respectively.

The firm also extends lending commitments that are held for investment and accounted for on an accrual basis. As of September 2017 and December 2016, such lending commitments were $105.00 billion and $98.05 billion, respectively. Substantially all of these commitments were extended to corporate borrowers and were primarily related to the firm’s relationship lending activities. The carrying value and the estimated fair value of such lending commitments were liabilities of $376 million and $2.29 billion, respectively, as of September 2017, and $327 million and $2.55 billion, respectively, as of December 2016. As of September 2017, had these lending commitments been carried at fair value and included in the fair value hierarchy, $799 million and $1.49 billion would have been classified in level 2 and level 3, respectively. As of December 2016, had these lending commitments been carried at fair value and included in the fair value hierarchy, $1.10 billion and $1.45 billion would have been classified in level 2 and level 3, respectively.

41 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The following is a description of the captions in the table above:

• Corporate Loans. Corporate loans includes term loans, revolving lines of credit, letter of credit facilities and bridge loans, and are principally used for operating liquidity and general corporate purposes, or in connection with acquisitions. Corporate loans may be secured or unsecured, depending on the loan purpose, the risk profile of the borrower and other factors. Loans receivable related to the firm’s relationship lending activities are reported within corporate loans.

• Loans to Private Wealth Management Clients. Loans to private wealth management clients includes loans used by clients to finance private asset purchases, employ leverage for strategic investments in real or financial assets, bridge cash flow timing gaps or provide liquidity for other needs. Such loans are primarily secured by securities or other assets.

• Loans Backed by Commercial Real Estate. Loans backed by commercial real estate includes loans extended by the firm that are directly or indirectly secured by hotels, retail stores, multifamily housing complexes and commercial and industrial properties. Loans backed by commercial real estate also includes loans purchased by the firm.

• Loans Backed by Residential Real Estate. Loans backed by residential real estate includes loans extended by the firm to clients who warehouse assets that are directly or indirectly secured by residential real estate. Loans backed by residential real estate also includes loans purchased by the firm.

• Other Loans. Other loans primarily includes loans extended to clients who warehouse assets that are directly or indirectly secured by consumer loans, including auto loans, and private student loans and other assets. Other loans also includes unsecured loans to individuals made through the firm’s online platform.

Purchased Credit Impaired (PCI) Loans

Loans receivable includes PCI loans, which represent acquired loans or pools of loans with evidence of credit deterioration subsequent to their origination and where it is probable, at acquisition, that the firm will not be able to collect all contractually required payments. Loans acquired within the same reporting period, which have at least two common risk characteristics, one of which relates to their credit risk, are eligible to be pooled together and considered a single unit of account. PCI loans are initially recorded at the acquisition price and the difference between the acquisition price and the expected cash flows (accretable yield) is recognized as interest income over the life of such loans or pools of loans on an effective yield method. Expected cash flows on PCI loans are determined using various inputs and assumptions, including default rates, loss severities, recoveries, amount and timing of prepayments and other macroeconomic indicators.

The table below presents details about PCI loans.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Loans backed by commercial real estate		$1,294	$1,444
Loans backed by residential real estate		3,222	2,508
Other loans		11	18
Total gross carrying value		$4,527	$3,970
Total outstanding principal balance		$9,354	$8,515
Total accretable yield		$   622	$   526

The table below presents details about PCI loans at the time of acquisition.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Fair value		$337	$   507		$1,425	$1,364
Expected cash flows		$369	$   556		$1,579	$1,549
Contractually required cash flows		$635	$1,168		$3,443	$3,405

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 42

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Credit Quality

The firm’s risk assessment process includes evaluating the credit quality of its loans receivable. For loans receivable (excluding PCI loans), the firm performs credit reviews which include initial and ongoing analyses of its borrowers. A credit review is an independent analysis of the capacity and willingness of a borrower to meet its financial obligations, resulting in an internal credit rating. The determination of internal credit ratings also incorporates assumptions with respect to the nature of and outlook for the borrower’s industry, and the economic environment. The firm also assigns a regulatory risk rating to such loans based on the definitions provided by the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies.

The table below presents gross loans receivable (excluding PCI loans of $4.53 billion and $3.97 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, which are not assigned a credit rating equivalent) and related lending commitments by the firm’s internally determined public rating agency equivalent and by regulatory risk rating.

$ in millions	Loans	Lending Commitments	Total
Credit Rating Equivalent
As of September 2017
Investment-grade	$21,135	$  73,388	$  94,523
Non-investment-grade	36,561	31,613	68,174
Total	$57,696	$105,001	$162,697
As of December 2016
Investment-grade	$18,434	$  72,323	$  90,757
Non-investment-grade	27,777	25,722	53,499
Total	$46,211	$  98,045	$144,256
Regulatory Risk Rating
As of September 2017
Non-criticized/pass	$53,784	$100,155	$153,939
Criticized	3,912	4,846	8,758
Total	$57,696	$105,001	$162,697
As of December 2016
Non-criticized/pass	$43,146	$  94,966	$138,112
Criticized	3,065	3,079	6,144
Total	$46,211	$  98,045	$144,256

In the table above, non-criticized/pass loans and lending commitments represent loans and lending commitments that are performing and/or do not demonstrate adverse characteristics that are likely to result in a credit loss.

The firm enters into economic hedges to mitigate credit risk on certain loans receivable and commercial lending commitments (both of which are held for investment) related to the firm’s relationship lending activities. Such hedges are accounted for at fair value. See Note 18 for further information about commercial lending commitments and associated hedges.

Loans receivable (excluding PCI loans) are determined to be impaired when it is probable that the firm will not be able to collect all principal and interest due under the contractual terms of the loan. At that time, loans are generally placed on non-accrual status and all accrued but uncollected interest is reversed against interest income, and interest subsequently collected is recognized on a cash basis to the extent the loan balance is deemed collectible. Otherwise, all cash received is used to reduce the outstanding loan balance. In certain circumstances, the firm may also modify the original terms of a loan agreement by granting a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. Such modifications are considered troubled debt restructurings and typically include interest rate reductions, payment extensions, and modification of loan covenants. Loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring are considered impaired and are subject to specific loan-level reserves.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the gross carrying value of impaired loans receivable (excluding PCI loans) on non-accrual status was $570 million and $404 million, respectively. As of September 2017 and December 2016, such loans included $121 million and $142 million, respectively, of corporate loans that were modified in a troubled debt restructuring. The firm did not have any lending commitments related to these loans as of September 2017. Such lending commitments were $144 million as of December 2016.

For PCI loans, the firm’s risk assessment process includes reviewing certain key metrics, such as delinquency status, collateral values, credit scores and other risk factors. When it is determined that the firm cannot reasonably estimate expected cash flows on the PCI loans or pools of loans, such loans are placed on non-accrual status.

43 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Allowance for Losses on Loans and Lending Commitments

The firm’s allowance for loan losses consists of specific loan-level reserves, portfolio level reserves, and reserves on PCI loans as described below:

• Specific loan-level reserves are determined on loans (excluding PCI loans) that exhibit credit quality weakness and are therefore individually evaluated for impairment.

• Portfolio level reserves are determined on loans (excluding PCI loans) not deemed impaired by aggregating groups of loans with similar risk characteristics and estimating the probable loss inherent in the portfolio.

• Reserves on PCI loans are recorded when it is determined that the expected cash flows, which are reassessed on a quarterly basis, will be lower than those used to establish the current effective yield for such loans or pools of loans. If the expected cash flows are determined to be significantly higher than those used to establish the current effective yield, such increases are initially recognized as a reduction to any previously recorded allowances for loan losses and any remaining increases are recognized as interest income prospectively over the life of the loan or pools of loans as an increase to the effective yield.

The allowance for loan losses is determined using various inputs, including industry default and loss data, current macroeconomic indicators, borrower’s capacity to meet its financial obligations, borrower’s country of risk, loan seniority and collateral type. Management’s estimate of loan losses entails judgment about loan collectability at the reporting dates, and there are uncertainties inherent in those judgments. While management uses the best information available to determine this estimate, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary based on, among other things, changes in the economic environment or variances between actual results and the original assumptions used. Loans are charged off against the allowance for loan losses when deemed to be uncollectible. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of the firm’s loans receivable were evaluated for impairment at the portfolio level.

The firm also records an allowance for losses on lending commitments that are held for investment and accounted for on an accrual basis. Such allowance is determined using the same methodology as the allowance for loan losses, while also taking into consideration the probability of drawdowns or funding, and is included in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses.” As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of such lending commitments were evaluated for impairment at the portfolio level.

The table below presents changes in the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for losses on lending commitments.

$ in millions	Nine Months Ended September 2017		Year Ended December 2016
Allowance for loan losses
Beginning balance	$509		$414
Charge-offs	(63	)	(8	)
Provision	316		138
Other	(25	)	(35	)
Ending balance	$737		$509
Allowance for losses on lending commitments
Beginning balance	$212		$188
Provision	51		44
Other	(21	)	(20	)
Ending balance	$242		$212

In the table above:

• The provision for losses on loans and lending commitments is included in “Other principal transactions,” and was primarily related to corporate loans and lending commitments, and loans backed by commercial real estate.

• Other represents the reduction to the allowance related to loans and lending commitments transferred to held for sale.

• Portfolio level reserves included in the allowance for loan losses were $471 million and $370 million, as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and were primarily related to corporate loans.

• Specific loan-level reserves included in the allowance for loan losses were $145 million and $127 million, as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and were substantially all related to corporate loans.

• Reserves on PCI loans included in the allowance for loan losses were $121 million and $12 million, as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and were related to loans backed by real estate.

• As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of the allowance for losses on lending commitments were related to corporate lending commitments and were primarily determined at the portfolio level.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 44

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 10.

Collateralized Agreements and Financings

Collateralized agreements are securities purchased under agreements to resell (resale agreements) and securities borrowed. Collateralized financings are securities sold under agreements to repurchase (repurchase agreements), securities loaned and other secured financings. The firm enters into these transactions in order to, among other things, facilitate client activities, invest excess cash, acquire securities to cover short positions and finance certain firm activities.

Collateralized agreements and financings are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis when a legal right of setoff exists. Interest on collateralized agreements and collateralized financings is recognized over the life of the transaction and included in “Interest income” and “Interest expense,” respectively. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

The table below presents the carrying value of resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Securities purchased under agreements to resell		$112,532	$116,925
Securities borrowed		$188,394	$184,600
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		$  86,424	$  71,816
Securities loaned		$  13,160	$    7,524

In the table above:

• Substantially all resale agreements and all repurchase agreements are carried at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 8 for further information about the valuation techniques and significant inputs used to determine fair value.

• As of September 2017 and December 2016, $74.12 billion and $82.40 billion of securities borrowed, and $5.04 billion and $2.65 billion of securities loaned were at fair value, respectively.

Resale and Repurchase Agreements

A resale agreement is a transaction in which the firm purchases financial instruments from a seller, typically in exchange for cash, and simultaneously enters into an agreement to resell the same or substantially the same financial instruments to the seller at a stated price plus accrued interest at a future date.

A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the firm sells financial instruments to a buyer, typically in exchange for cash, and simultaneously enters into an agreement to repurchase the same or substantially the same financial instruments from the buyer at a stated price plus accrued interest at a future date.

Even though repurchase and resale agreements (including “repos- and reverses-to-maturity”) involve the legal transfer of ownership of financial instruments, they are accounted for as financing arrangements because they require the financial instruments to be repurchased or resold before or at the maturity of the agreement. The financial instruments purchased or sold in resale and repurchase agreements typically include U.S. government and agency, and investment-grade sovereign obligations.

The firm receives financial instruments purchased under resale agreements and makes delivery of financial instruments sold under repurchase agreements. To mitigate credit exposure, the firm monitors the market value of these financial instruments on a daily basis, and delivers or obtains additional collateral due to changes in the market value of the financial instruments, as appropriate. For resale agreements, the firm typically requires collateral with a fair value approximately equal to the carrying value of the relevant assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Securities Borrowed and Loaned Transactions

In a securities borrowed transaction, the firm borrows securities from a counterparty in exchange for cash or securities. When the firm returns the securities, the counterparty returns the cash or securities. Interest is generally paid periodically over the life of the transaction.

In a securities loaned transaction, the firm lends securities to a counterparty in exchange for cash or securities. When the counterparty returns the securities, the firm returns the cash or securities posted as collateral. Interest is generally paid periodically over the life of the transaction.

45 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The firm receives securities borrowed and makes delivery of securities loaned. To mitigate credit exposure, the firm monitors the market value of these securities on a daily basis, and delivers or obtains additional collateral due to changes in the market value of the securities, as appropriate. For securities borrowed transactions, the firm typically requires collateral with a fair value approximately equal to the carrying value of the securities borrowed transaction.

Securities borrowed and loaned within FICC Client Execution are recorded at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 8 for further information about securities borrowed and loaned accounted for at fair value.

Securities borrowed and loaned within Securities Services are recorded based on the amount of cash collateral advanced or received plus accrued interest. As these agreements generally can be terminated on demand, they exhibit little, if any, sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Therefore, the carrying value of such agreements approximates fair value. While these agreements are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these agreements been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, they would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Offsetting Arrangements

The table below presents the gross and net resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions, and the related amount of counterparty netting included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, as well as the amounts of counterparty netting and cash and securities collateral, not offset in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

	Assets					Liabilities
$ in millions		Resale agreements		Securities borrowed			Repurchase agreements		Securities loaned
As of September 2017
Included in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Gross carrying value		$ 192,738		$ 193,084			$166,630		$17,850
Counterparty netting		(80,206	)	(4,690	)		(80,206	)	(4,690	)
Total		112,532		188,394			86,424		13,160
Amounts not offset
Counterparty netting		(9,540	)	(5,910	)		(9,540	)	(5,910	)
Collateral		(101,643	)	(172,010	)		(73,831	)	(7,144	)
Total		$     1,349		$   10,474			$    3,053		$     106
As of December 2016
Included in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Gross carrying value		$ 173,561		$ 189,571			$128,452		$12,495
Counterparty netting		(56,636	)	(4,971	)		(56,636	)	(4,971	)
Total		116,925		184,600			71,816		7,524
Amounts not offset
Counterparty netting		(8,319	)	(4,045	)		(8,319	)	(4,045	)
Collateral		(107,148	)	(170,625	)		(62,081	)	(3,087	)
Total		$     1,458		$     9,930			$    1,416		$     392

In the table above:

• Substantially all of the gross carrying values of these arrangements are subject to enforceable netting agreements.

• Where the firm has received or posted collateral under credit support agreements, but has not yet determined such agreements are enforceable, the related collateral has not been netted.

• Amounts not offset includes counterparty netting that does not meet the criteria for netting under U.S. GAAP and the fair value of cash or securities collateral received or posted subject to enforceable credit support agreements.

Gross Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements and Securities Loaned

The table below presents the gross carrying value of repurchase agreements and securities loaned by class of collateral pledged.

$ in millions	Repurchase agreements	Securities loaned
As of September 2017
Money market instruments	$       475	$         –
U.S. government and agency obligations	75,559	–
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	69,887	2,588
Securities backed by commercial real estate	31	–
Securities backed by residential real estate	331	–
Corporate debt securities	8,870	1,008
State and municipal obligations	44	–
Other debt obligations	5	–
Equity securities	11,428	14,254
Total	$166,630	$17,850
As of December 2016
Money market instruments	$       317	$         –
U.S. government and agency obligations	47,207	115
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	56,156	1,846
Securities backed by commercial real estate	208	–
Securities backed by residential real estate	122	–
Corporate debt securities	8,297	39
State and municipal obligations	831	–
Other debt obligations	286	–
Equity securities	15,028	10,495
Total	$128,452	$12,495

The table below presents the gross carrying value of repurchase agreements and securities loaned by maturity date.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Repurchase agreements	Securities loaned
No stated maturity and overnight		$  56,286	$10,350
2 - 30 days		57,320	2,465
31 - 90 days		13,851	500
91 days - 1 year		24,673	2,545
Greater than 1 year		14,500	1,990
Total		$166,630	$17,850

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 46

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

In the table above:

• Repurchase agreements and securities loaned that are repayable prior to maturity at the option of the firm are reflected at their contractual maturity dates.

• Repurchase agreements and securities loaned that are redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the holder are reflected at the earliest dates such options become exercisable.

Other Secured Financings

In addition to repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions, the firm funds certain assets through the use of other secured financings and pledges financial instruments and other assets as collateral in these transactions. These other secured financings consist of:

• Liabilities of consolidated VIEs;

• Transfers of assets accounted for as financings rather than sales (primarily collateralized central bank financings, pledged commodities, bank loans and mortgage whole loans); and

• Other structured financing arrangements.

Other secured financings includes arrangements that are nonrecourse. As of September 2017 and December 2016, nonrecourse other secured financings were $4.36 billion and $2.54 billion, respectively.

The firm has elected to apply the fair value option to substantially all other secured financings because the use of fair value eliminates non-economic volatility in earnings that would arise from using different measurement attributes. See Note 8 for further information about other secured financings that are accounted for at fair value.

Other secured financings that are not recorded at fair value are recorded based on the amount of cash received plus accrued interest, which generally approximates fair value. While these financings are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these financings been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, they would have been primarily classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

The table below presents information about other secured financings.

$ in millions	U.S. Dollar	Non-U.S. Dollar	Total
As of September 2017
Other secured financings (short-term):
At fair value	$  5,543	$ 4,905	$10,448
At amortized cost	$       97	$    339	$     436
Weighted average interest rates	3.73%	2.55%
Other secured financings (long-term):
At fair value	$  7,523	$ 4,332	$11,855
At amortized cost	$         –	$        –	$         –
Weighted average interest rates	–%	–%
Total	$13,163	$ 9,576	$22,739
Other secured financings collateralized by:
Financial instruments	$11,198	$ 9,223	$20,421
Other assets	$  1,965	$    353	$  2,318
As of December 2016
Other secured financings (short-term):
At fair value	$  9,380	$ 3,738	$13,118
At amortized cost	$         –	$        –	$         –
Weighted average interest rates	–%	–%
Other secured financings (long-term):
At fair value	$  5,562	$ 2,393	$  7,955
At amortized cost	$     145	$    305	$     450
Weighted average interest rates	4.06%	2.16%
Total	$15,087	$ 6,436	$21,523
Other secured financings collateralized by:
Financial instruments	$13,858	$ 5,974	$19,832
Other assets	$  1,229	$    462	$  1,691

In the table above:

• Short-term other secured financings includes financings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and financings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder.

• Weighted average interest rates excludes other secured financings at fair value and includes the effect of hedging activities. See Note 7 for further information about hedging activities.

• Total other secured financings included $731 million and $285 million related to transfers of financial assets accounted for as financings rather than sales as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Such financings were collateralized by financial assets of $752 million and $285 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, primarily included in “Financial instruments owned.”

• Other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments included $13.48 billion and $13.65 billion of other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments owned as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and $6.94 billion and $6.18 billion of other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments received as collateral and repledged as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

47 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below presents other secured financings by maturity date.

$ in millions	As of September 2017
Other secured financings (short-term)	$10,884
Other secured financings (long-term):
2018	4,104
2019	2,238
2020	1,381
2021	506
2022	2,105
2023 - thereafter	1,521
Total other secured financings (long-term)	11,855
Total other secured financings	$22,739

In the table above:

• Long-term other secured financings that are repayable prior to maturity at the option of the firm are reflected at their contractual maturity dates.

• Long-term other secured financings that are redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the holder are reflected at the earliest dates such options become exercisable.

Collateral Received and Pledged

The firm receives cash and securities (e.g., U.S. government and agency, other sovereign and corporate obligations, as well as equity securities) as collateral, primarily in connection with resale agreements, securities borrowed, derivative transactions and customer margin loans. The firm obtains cash and securities as collateral on an upfront or contingent basis for derivative instruments and collateralized agreements to reduce its credit exposure to individual counterparties.

In many cases, the firm is permitted to deliver or repledge financial instruments received as collateral when entering into repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions, primarily in connection with secured client financing activities. The firm is also permitted to deliver or repledge these financial instruments in connection with other secured financings, collateralized derivative transactions and firm or customer settlement requirements.

The firm also pledges certain financial instruments owned in connection with repurchase agreements, securities loaned transactions and other secured financings, and other assets (substantially all real estate and cash) in connection with other secured financings to counterparties who may or may not have the right to deliver or repledge them.

The table below presents financial instruments at fair value received as collateral that were available to be delivered or repledged and were delivered or repledged by the firm.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Collateral available to be delivered or repledged		$720,263	$634,609
Collateral that was delivered or repledged		$591,215	$495,717

In the table above, as of September 2017 and December 2016, collateral available to be delivered or repledged excludes $8.30 billion and $15.47 billion, respectively, of securities received under resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions that contractually had the right to be delivered or repledged, but were segregated for regulatory and other purposes.

The table below presents information about assets pledged.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Financial instruments owned pledged to counterparties that:
Had the right to deliver or repledge		$  54,266	$  51,278
Did not have the right to deliver or repledge		$  86,105	$  61,099
Other assets pledged to counterparties that did not have the right to deliver or repledge		$    4,497	$    3,287

The firm also segregated $14.55 billion and $15.29 billion of securities included in “Financial instruments owned” as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, for regulatory and other purposes. See Note 3 for information about segregated cash.

Note 11.

Securitization Activities

The firm securitizes residential and commercial mortgages, corporate bonds, loans and other types of financial assets by selling these assets to securitization vehicles (e.g., trusts, corporate entities and limited liability companies) or through a resecuritization. The firm acts as underwriter of the beneficial interests that are sold to investors. The firm’s residential mortgage securitizations are primarily in connection with government agency securitizations.

Beneficial interests issued by securitization entities are debt or equity interests that give the investors rights to receive all or portions of specified cash inflows to a securitization vehicle and include senior and subordinated interests in principal, interest and/or other cash inflows. The proceeds from the sale of beneficial interests are used to pay the transferor for the financial assets sold to the securitization vehicle or to purchase securities which serve as collateral.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 48

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The firm accounts for a securitization as a sale when it has relinquished control over the transferred financial assets. Prior to securitization, the firm accounts for assets pending transfer at fair value and therefore does not typically recognize significant gains or losses upon the transfer of assets. Net revenues from underwriting activities are recognized in connection with the sales of the underlying beneficial interests to investors.

For transfers of financial assets that are not accounted for as sales, the assets remain in “Financial instruments owned” and the transfer is accounted for as a collateralized financing, with the related interest expense recognized over the life of the transaction. See Notes 10 and 23 for further information about collateralized financings and interest expense, respectively.

The firm generally receives cash in exchange for the transferred assets but may also have continuing involvement with the transferred financial assets, including ownership of beneficial interests in securitized financial assets, primarily in the form of senior or subordinated securities. The firm may also purchase senior or subordinated securities issued by securitization vehicles (which are typically VIEs) in connection with secondary market-making activities.

The primary risks included in beneficial interests and other interests from the firm’s continuing involvement with securitization vehicles are the performance of the underlying collateral, the position of the firm’s investment in the capital structure of the securitization vehicle and the market yield for the security. These interests primarily are accounted for at fair value and classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Beneficial interests and other interests not accounted for at fair value are carried at amounts that approximate fair value. See Notes 5 through 8 for further information about fair value measurements.

The table below presents the amount of financial assets securitized and the cash flows received on retained interests in securitization entities in which the firm had continuing involvement as of the end of the period.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Residential mortgages		$4,010	$4,254		$12,304	$  9,152
Commercial mortgages		1,763	1,123		4,717	1,873
Other financial assets		–	175		395	175
Total		$5,773	$5,552		$17,416	$11,200
Retained interests cash flows		$     83	$   115		$     206	$     168

The table below presents the firm’s continuing involvement in nonconsolidated securitization entities to which the firm sold assets, as well as the total outstanding principal amount of transferred assets in which the firm has continuing involvement.

$ in millions	Outstanding Principal Amount	Retained Interests	Purchased Interests
As of September 2017
U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations	$22,312	$   967	$29
Other residential mortgage-backed	6,292	530	2
Other commercial mortgage-backed	3,924	114	10
CDOs, CLOs and other	2,057	46	12
Total	$34,585	$1,657	$53
As of December 2016
U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations	$25,140	$   953	$24
Other residential mortgage-backed	3,261	540	6
Other commercial mortgage-backed	357	15	–
CDOs, CLOs and other	2,284	56	6
Total	$31,042	$1,564	$36

In the table above:

• The outstanding principal amount is presented for the purpose of providing information about the size of the securitization entities and is not representative of the firm’s risk of loss.

• The firm’s risk of loss from retained or purchased interests is limited to the carrying value of these interests.

• Purchased interests represent senior and subordinated interests, purchased in connection with secondary market-making activities, in securitization entities in which the firm also holds retained interests.

• Substantially all of the total outstanding principal amount and total retained interests relate to securitizations during 2012 and thereafter.

• The fair value of retained interests was $1.66 billion and $1.58 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

In addition to the interests in the table above, the firm had other continuing involvement in the form of derivative transactions and commitments with certain nonconsolidated VIEs. The carrying value of these derivatives and commitments was a net asset of $88 million and $48 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. The notional amounts of these derivatives and commitments are included in maximum exposure to loss in the nonconsolidated VIE table in Note 12.

49 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below presents the weighted average key economic assumptions used in measuring the fair value of mortgage-backed retained interests and the sensitivity of this fair value to immediate adverse changes of 10% and 20% in those assumptions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Fair value of retained interests		$1,618		$1,519
Weighted average life (years)		6.7		7.5
Constant prepayment rate		9.3%		8.1%
Impact of 10% adverse change		$    (19	)	$    (14	)
Impact of 20% adverse change		$    (37	)	$    (28	)
Discount rate		4.9%		5.3%
Impact of 10% adverse change		$    (33	)	$    (37	)
Impact of 20% adverse change		$    (65	)	$    (71	)

In the table above:

• Amounts do not reflect the benefit of other financial instruments that are held to mitigate risks inherent in these retained interests.

• Changes in fair value based on an adverse variation in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the change in fair value is not usually linear.

• The impact of a change in a particular assumption is calculated independently of changes in any other assumption. In practice, simultaneous changes in assumptions might magnify or counteract the sensitivities disclosed above.

• The constant prepayment rate is included only for positions for which it is a key assumption in the determination of fair value.

• The discount rate for retained interests that relate to U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations does not include any credit loss. Expected credit loss assumptions are reflected in the discount rate for the remainder of retained interests.

The firm has other retained interests not reflected in the table above with a fair value of $46 million and a weighted average life of 4.5 years as of September 2017, and a fair value of $56 million and a weighted average life of 3.5 years as of December 2016. Due to the nature and fair value of certain of these retained interests, the weighted average assumptions for constant prepayment and discount rates and the related sensitivity to adverse changes are not meaningful as of both September 2017 and December 2016. The firm’s maximum exposure to adverse changes in the value of these interests is the carrying value of $46 million and $56 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

Note 12.

Variable Interest Entities

A variable interest in a VIE is an investment (e.g., debt or equity securities) or other interest (e.g., derivatives or loans and lending commitments) that will absorb portions of the VIE’s expected losses and/or receive portions of the VIE’s expected residual returns.

The firm’s variable interests in VIEs include senior and subordinated debt; loans and lending commitments; limited and general partnership interests; preferred and common equity; derivatives that may include foreign currency, equity and/or credit risk; guarantees; and certain of the fees the firm receives from investment funds. Certain interest rate, foreign currency and credit derivatives the firm enters into with VIEs are not variable interests because they create, rather than absorb, risk.

VIEs generally finance the purchase of assets by issuing debt and equity securities that are either collateralized by or indexed to the assets held by the VIE. The debt and equity securities issued by a VIE may include tranches of varying levels of subordination. The firm’s involvement with VIEs includes securitization of financial assets, as described in Note 11, and investments in and loans to other types of VIEs, as described below. See Note 11 for further information about securitization activities, including the definition of beneficial interests. See Note 3 for the firm’s consolidation policies, including the definition of a VIE.

VIE Consolidation Analysis

The enterprise with a controlling financial interest in a VIE is known as the primary beneficiary and consolidates the VIE. The firm determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE by performing an analysis that principally considers:

• Which variable interest holder has the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance;

• Which variable interest holder has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE;

• The VIE’s purpose and design, including the risks the VIE was designed to create and pass through to its variable interest holders;

• The VIE’s capital structure;

• The terms between the VIE and its variable interest holders and other parties involved with the VIE; and

• Related-party relationships.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 50

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The firm reassesses its evaluation of whether an entity is a VIE when certain reconsideration events occur. The firm reassesses its determination of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE on an ongoing basis based on current facts and circumstances.

VIE Activities

The firm is principally involved with VIEs through the following business activities:

Mortgage-Backed VIEs and Corporate CDO and CLO VIEs. The firm sells residential and commercial mortgage loans and securities to mortgage-backed VIEs and corporate bonds and loans to corporate CDO and CLO VIEs and may retain beneficial interests in the assets sold to these VIEs. The firm purchases and sells beneficial interests issued by mortgage-backed and corporate CDO and CLO VIEs in connection with market-making activities. In addition, the firm may enter into derivatives with certain of these VIEs, primarily interest rate swaps, which are typically not variable interests. The firm generally enters into derivatives with other counterparties to mitigate its risk from derivatives with these VIEs.

Certain mortgage-backed and corporate CDO and CLO VIEs, usually referred to as synthetic CDOs or credit-linked note VIEs, synthetically create the exposure for the beneficial interests they issue by entering into credit derivatives, rather than purchasing the underlying assets. These credit derivatives may reference a single asset, an index, or a portfolio/basket of assets or indices. See Note 7 for further information about credit derivatives. These VIEs use the funds from the sale of beneficial interests and the premiums received from credit derivative counterparties to purchase securities which serve as collateral for the beneficial interest holders and/or the credit derivative counterparty. These VIEs may enter into other derivatives, primarily interest rate swaps, which are typically not variable interests. The firm may be a counterparty to derivatives with these VIEs and generally enters into derivatives with other counterparties to mitigate its risk.

Real Estate, Credit-Related and Other Investing VIEs. The firm purchases equity and debt securities issued by and makes loans to VIEs that hold real estate, performing and nonperforming debt, distressed loans and equity securities. The firm typically does not sell assets to, or enter into derivatives with, these VIEs.

Other Asset-Backed VIEs. The firm structures VIEs that issue notes to clients, and purchases and sells beneficial interests issued by other asset-backed VIEs in connection with market-making activities. In addition, the firm may enter into derivatives with certain other asset-backed VIEs, primarily total return swaps on the collateral assets held by these VIEs under which the firm pays the VIE the return due to the note holders and receives the return on the collateral assets owned by the VIE. The firm generally can be removed as the total return swap counterparty. The firm generally enters into derivatives with other counterparties to mitigate its risk from derivatives with these VIEs. The firm typically does not sell assets to the other asset-backed VIEs it structures.

Principal-Protected Note VIEs. The firm structures VIEs that issue principal-protected notes to clients. These VIEs own portfolios of assets, principally with exposure to hedge funds. Substantially all of the principal protection on the notes issued by these VIEs is provided by the asset portfolio rebalancing that is required under the terms of the notes. The firm enters into total return swaps with these VIEs under which the firm pays the VIE the return due to the principal-protected note holders and receives the return on the assets owned by the VIE. The firm may enter into derivatives with other counterparties to mitigate the risk it has from the derivatives it enters into with these VIEs. The firm also obtains funding through these VIEs.

Investments in Funds and Other VIEs. The firm makes equity investments in certain of the investment fund VIEs it manages and is entitled to receive fees from these VIEs. The firm typically does not sell assets to, or enter into derivatives with, these VIEs. Other VIEs primarily includes nonconsolidated power-related VIEs. The firm purchases debt and equity securities issued by VIEs that hold power-related assets and may provide commitments to these VIEs.

Adoption of ASU No. 2015-02

The firm adopted ASU No. 2015-02 as of January 1, 2016. Upon adoption, certain of the firm’s investments in entities that were previously classified as voting interest entities are now classified as VIEs. These include investments in certain limited partnership entities that have been deconsolidated upon adoption as certain fee interests are not considered significant interests under the guidance, and the firm is no longer deemed to have a controlling financial interest in such entities. See Note 3 for further information about the adoption of ASU No. 2015-02.

51 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Nonconsolidated VIEs. As a result of adoption as of January 1, 2016, “Investments in funds and other” nonconsolidated VIEs included $10.70 billion in “Assets in VIEs,” $543 million in “Carrying value of variable interests — assets” and $559 million in “Maximum exposure to loss” related to investments in limited partnership entities that were previously classified as nonconsolidated voting interest entities.

Consolidated VIEs. As a result of adoption as of January 1, 2016, “Real estate, credit-related and other investing” consolidated VIEs included $302 million of assets, substantially all included in “Financial instruments owned,” and $122 million of liabilities, included in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses” primarily related to investments in limited partnership entities that were previously classified as consolidated voting interest entities.

Nonconsolidated VIEs

The table below presents a summary of the nonconsolidated VIEs in which the firm holds variable interests. The nature of the firm’s variable interests can take different forms, as described in the rows under maximum exposure to loss.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Total nonconsolidated VIEs
Assets in VIEs		$89,926	$70,083
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		7,787	6,199
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		172	254
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		1,657	1,564
Purchased interests		1,175	544
Commitments and guarantees		3,072	2,196
Derivatives		8,451	7,144
Loans and investments		4,419	3,760
Total maximum exposure to loss		$18,774	$15,208

In the table above:

• The firm’s exposure to the obligations of VIEs is generally limited to its interests in these entities. In certain instances, the firm provides guarantees, including derivative guarantees, to VIEs or holders of variable interests in VIEs.

• The maximum exposure to loss excludes the benefit of offsetting financial instruments that are held to mitigate the risks associated with these variable interests.

• The maximum exposure to loss from retained interests, purchased interests, and loans and investments is the carrying value of these interests.

• The maximum exposure to loss from commitments and guarantees, and derivatives is the notional amount, which does not represent anticipated losses and also has not been reduced by unrealized losses already recorded. As a result, the maximum exposure to loss exceeds liabilities recorded for commitments and guarantees, and derivatives provided to VIEs.

• Total maximum exposure to loss from commitments and guarantees, and derivatives included $1.31 billion and $1.28 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, related to transactions with VIEs to which the firm transferred assets.

The table below disaggregates, by principal business activity, the information for nonconsolidated VIEs included in the summary table above.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Mortgage-backed
Assets in VIEs		$49,438	$32,714
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		2,731	1,936
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		1,611	1,508
Purchased interests		1,118	429
Commitments and guarantees		10	9
Derivatives		100	163
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  2,839	$  2,109
Corporate CDOs and CLOs
Assets in VIEs		$  7,105	$  5,391
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		1,020	393
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		31	25
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		2	2
Purchased interests		20	43
Commitments and guarantees		1,316	186
Derivatives		3,994	2,841
Loans and investments		661	94
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  5,993	$  3,166
Real estate, credit-related and other investing
Assets in VIEs		$  9,992	$  8,617
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		2,319	2,550
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		3	3
Maximum exposure to loss:
Commitments and guarantees		705	693
Loans and investments		2,319	2,550
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  3,024	$  3,243
Other asset-backed
Assets in VIEs		$  6,855	$  6,405
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		593	293
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		135	220
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		44	54
Purchased interests		37	72
Commitments and guarantees		275	275
Derivatives		4,353	4,134
Loans and investments		315	89
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  5,024	$  4,624
Investments in funds and other
Assets in VIEs		$16,536	$16,956
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		1,124	1,027
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		3	6
Maximum exposure to loss:
Commitments and guarantees		766	1,033
Derivatives		4	6
Loans and investments		1,124	1,027
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  1,894	$  2,066

In the table above, mortgage-backed included assets in VIEs of $286 million and $1.54 billion, and maximum exposure to loss of $162 million and $279 million, as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, related to CDOs backed by mortgage obligations.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 52

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the carrying values of the firm’s variable interests in nonconsolidated VIEs are included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition as follows:

• Mortgage-backed: Assets were primarily included in “Financial instruments owned.”

• Corporate CDOs and CLOs: Assets were included in “Financial instruments owned” and liabilities were included in “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.”

• Real estate, credit-related and other investing: Assets were primarily included in “Financial instruments owned” and liabilities were primarily included in “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.”

• Other asset-backed: Substantially all assets were included in “Financial instruments owned” and liabilities were included in “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.”

• Investments in funds and other: Substantially all assets were included in “Financial instruments owned” and liabilities were included in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses.”

Consolidated VIEs

The table below presents a summary of the carrying value and classification of assets and liabilities in consolidated VIEs.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Total consolidated VIEs
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$   216	$   300
Loans receivable		410	603
Financial instruments owned		1,173	2,047
Other assets		765	682
Total		$2,564	$3,632
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   787	$   854
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		–	1
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		17	7
Unsecured short-term borrowings		127	197
Unsecured long-term borrowings		280	334
Other liabilities and accrued expenses		422	803
Total		$1,633	$2,196

In the table above:

• Assets and liabilities are presented net of intercompany eliminations and exclude the benefit of offsetting financial instruments that are held to mitigate the risks associated with the firm’s variable interests.

• VIEs in which the firm holds a majority voting interest are excluded if (i) the VIE meets the definition of a business and (ii) the VIE’s assets can be used for purposes other than the settlement of its obligations.

• Substantially all assets can only be used to settle obligations of the VIE.

The table below disaggregates, by principal business activity, the information for consolidated VIEs included in the summary table above.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Real estate, credit-related and other investing
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$   216	$   300
Loans receivable		410	603
Financial instruments owned		877	1,708
Other assets		752	680
Total		$2,255	$3,291
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   158	$   284
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		–	1
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		17	7
Other liabilities and accrued expenses		422	803
Total		$   597	$1,095
CDOs, mortgage-backed and other asset-backed
Assets
Financial instruments owned		$   238	$   253
Other assets		13	2
Total		$   251	$   255
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   150	$   139
Total		$   150	$   139
Principal-protected notes
Assets
Financial instruments owned		$     58	$     86
Total		$     58	$     86
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   479	$   431
Unsecured short-term borrowings		127	197
Unsecured long-term borrowings		280	334
Total		$   886	$   962

In the table above:

• The majority of the assets in principal-protected notes VIEs are intercompany and are eliminated in consolidation.

• Creditors and beneficial interest holders of real estate, credit-related and other investing VIEs, and CDOs, mortgage-backed and other asset-backed VIEs do not have recourse to the general credit of the firm.

Note 13.

Other Assets

Other assets are generally less liquid, nonfinancial assets. The table below presents other assets by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment		$14,805	$12,070
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets		4,058	4,095
Income tax-related assets		5,253	5,550
Miscellaneous receivables and other		5,377	3,766
Total		$29,493	$25,481

53 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

In the table above, miscellaneous receivables and other included:

• Debt securities accounted for as held-to-maturity of $724 million and $87 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, these securities were backed by residential real estate and had maturities of greater than ten years. These securities are carried at amortized cost and the carrying value of these securities approximated fair value as of both September 2017 and December 2016. As these securities are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP, their fair value is not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these securities been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

• Investments in qualified affordable housing projects of $714 million and $682 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

• Equity-method investments of $242 million and $219 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Such amounts exclude investments accounted for at fair value under the fair value option where the firm would otherwise apply the equity method of accounting of $9.01 billion and $7.92 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, all of which are included in “Financial instruments owned.” The firm has generally elected the fair value option for such investments acquired after the fair value option became available.

• Assets classified as held for sale of $705 million as of September 2017 related to certain of the firm’s consolidated investments within its Investing & Lending segment, substantially all of which consisted of “Property, leasehold improvements and equipment.”

Property, Leasehold Improvements and Equipment

Property, leasehold improvements and equipment in the table above is net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $8.46 billion and $7.68 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Property, leasehold improvements and equipment included $5.85 billion and $5.96 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, related to property, leasehold improvements and equipment that the firm uses in connection with its operations. The remainder is held by investment entities, including VIEs, consolidated by the firm. Substantially all property and equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the asset. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the improvement or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Capitalized costs of software developed or obtained for internal use are amortized on a straight-line basis over three years.

Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets

Goodwill. The table below presents the carrying value of goodwill.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Investment Banking:
Financial Advisory		$     98	$     98
Underwriting		183	183
Institutional Client Services:
FICC Client Execution		269	269
Equities client execution		2,403	2,403
Securities services		105	105
Investing & Lending		2	2
Investment Management		605	606
Total		$3,665	$3,666

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 54

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Goodwill is the cost of acquired companies in excess of the fair value of net assets, including identifiable intangible assets, at the acquisition date.

Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if events occur or circumstances change that indicate an impairment may exist. When assessing goodwill for impairment, first, qualitative factors are assessed to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the results of the qualitative assessment are not conclusive, a quantitative goodwill test is performed. The quantitative goodwill test consists of two steps:

• The first step compares the estimated fair value of each reporting unit with its estimated net book value (including goodwill and identifiable intangible assets). If the reporting unit’s estimated fair value exceeds its estimated net book value, goodwill is not impaired. To estimate the fair value of each reporting unit, a relative value technique is used because the firm believes market participants would use this technique to value the firm’s reporting units. The relative value technique applies observable price-to-earnings multiples or price-to-book multiples and projected return on equity of comparable competitors to reporting units’ net earnings or net book value. The net book value of each reporting unit reflects an allocation of total shareholders’ equity and represents the estimated amount of total shareholders’ equity required to support the activities of the reporting unit under currently applicable regulatory capital requirements.

• If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its estimated net book value, the second step of the goodwill test is performed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. An impairment is equal to the excess of the carrying value of goodwill over its fair value.

During the fourth quarter of 2016, the firm assessed goodwill for impairment using a qualitative assessment. Multiple factors were assessed with respect to each of the firm’s reporting units to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of any of these reporting units was less than its carrying value.

As a result of the qualitative assessment, the firm determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each of the reporting units exceeded its respective carrying value.

Notwithstanding the results of the qualitative assessment, since the 2015 quantitative goodwill test determined that the estimated fair value of the FICC Client Execution reporting unit was not substantially in excess of its carrying value, the firm also performed a quantitative test on this reporting unit during the fourth quarter of 2016. In the quantitative test, the estimated fair value of the FICC Client Execution reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value.

Therefore, the firm determined that goodwill for all reporting units was not impaired.

There were no events or changes in circumstances during the nine months ended September 2017 that would indicate that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each of the reporting units did not exceed its respective carrying value as of September 2017.

Identifiable Intangible Assets. The table below presents the carrying value of identifiable intangible assets.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Institutional Client Services:
FICC Client Execution		$      39	$      65
Equities client execution		102	141
Investing & Lending		130	105
Investment Management		122	118
Total		$    393	$    429

The table below presents further details on the net carrying value of identifiable intangible assets.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Customer lists
Gross carrying value		$ 1,088		$ 1,065
Accumulated amortization		(886	)	(837	)
Net carrying value		202		228
Other
Gross carrying value		571		543
Accumulated amortization		(380	)	(342	)
Net carrying value		191		201
Total
Gross carrying value		1,659		1,608
Accumulated amortization		(1,266	)	(1,179	)
Net carrying value		$    393		$    429

In the table above:

• The net carrying value of other intangibles primarily includes intangible assets related to acquired leases and commodities transportation rights.

55 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

• During the three and nine months ended September 2017, the firm acquired $20 million (substantially all related to acquired leases) and $81 million (primarily related to acquired leases), respectively, of intangible assets with a weighted average amortization period of three years.

• During 2016, the firm acquired $89 million (primarily related to acquired leases) of intangible assets with a weighted average amortization period of three years.

Substantially all of the firm’s identifiable intangible assets are considered to have finite useful lives and are amortized over their estimated useful lives generally using the straight-line method.

The tables below present details about amortization of identifiable intangible assets.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Amortization		$33	$37		$103	$116

$ in millions	As of September 2017
Estimated future amortization
Remainder of 2017	$  40
2018	$127
2019	$  95
2020	$  38
2021	$  27
2022	$  21

Impairments

The firm tests property, leasehold improvements and equipment, identifiable intangible assets and other assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that an asset’s or asset group’s carrying value may not be fully recoverable. To the extent the carrying value of an asset exceeds the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposal of the asset or asset group, the firm determines the asset is impaired and records an impairment equal to the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the asset or asset group. In addition, the firm will recognize an impairment prior to the sale of an asset if the carrying value of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value.

During both the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, impairments were not material.

Note 14.

Deposits

The table below presents the types and sources of the firm’s deposits.

$ in millions	Savings and Demand	Time	Total
As of September 2017
Private bank and online retail	$61,208	$    4,274	$  65,482
Brokered certificates of deposit	–	32,537	32,537
Deposit sweep programs	15,974	–	15,974
Institutional	1	18,767	18,768
Total	$77,183	$  55,578	$132,761
As of December 2016
Private bank and online retail	$61,166	$    4,437	$  65,603
Brokered certificates of deposit	–	34,905	34,905
Deposit sweep programs	16,019	–	16,019
Institutional	12	7,559	7,571
Total	$77,197	$  46,901	$124,098

In the table above:

• Substantially all deposits are interest-bearing.

• Savings and demand deposits have no stated maturity.

• Time deposits included $23.75 billion and $13.78 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, of deposits accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 8 for further information about deposits accounted for at fair value.

• Time deposits had a weighted average maturity of approximately 2 years and 2.5 years as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

• Deposit sweep programs represent long-term contractual agreements with several U.S. broker-dealers who sweep client cash to FDIC-insured deposits.

• Deposits insured by the FDIC as of September 2017 and December 2016 were approximately $70.43 billion and $69.91 billion, respectively.

The table below presents deposits held in U.S. and non-U.S. offices. U.S. deposits were held at Goldman Sachs Bank USA (GS Bank USA) and substantially all non-U.S. deposits were held at Goldman Sachs International Bank (GSIB).

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
U.S. offices		$103,812	$106,037
Non-U.S. offices		28,949	18,061
Total		$132,761	$124,098

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 56

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below presents maturities of time deposits held in U.S. and non-U.S. offices.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		U.S.	Non-U.S.	Total
Remainder of 2017		$  2,400	$  4,999	$  7,399
2018		9,053	14,505	23,558
2019		6,143	157	6,300
2020		4,759	12	4,771
2021		3,584	43	3,627
2022		4,306	86	4,392
2023 - thereafter		5,140	391	5,531
Total		$35,385	$20,193	$55,578

As of September 2017, deposits in U.S. and non-U.S. offices included $1.37 billion and $13.24 billion, respectively, of time deposits that were greater than $250,000.

The firm’s savings and demand deposits are recorded based on the amount of cash received plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. In addition, the firm designates certain derivatives as fair value hedges to convert a portion of its time deposits not accounted for at fair value from fixed-rate obligations into floating-rate obligations. The carrying value of time deposits not accounted for at fair value approximated fair value as of both September 2017 and December 2016. While these savings and demand deposits and time deposits are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these deposits been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, they would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Note 15.

Short-Term Borrowings

The table below presents details about the firm’s short-term borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Other secured financings (short-term)		$10,884	$13,118
Unsecured short-term borrowings		45,357	39,265
Total		$56,241	$52,383

See Note 10 for information about other secured financings.

Unsecured short-term borrowings includes the portion of unsecured long-term borrowings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and unsecured long-term borrowings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder.

The firm accounts for certain hybrid financial instruments at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 8 for further information about unsecured short-term borrowings that are accounted for at fair value. The carrying value of unsecured short-term borrowings that are not recorded at fair value generally approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the obligations. While these unsecured short-term borrowings are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these borrowings been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

The table below presents details about the firm’s unsecured short-term borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Current portion of unsecured long-term borrowings		$  27,261	$  23,528
Hybrid financial instruments		14,264	11,700
Other unsecured short-term borrowings		3,832	4,037
Total		$  45,357	$  39,265
Weighted average interest rate		2.35%	1.68%

In the table above, the weighted average interest rates for these borrowings include the effect of hedging activities and exclude unsecured short-term borrowings accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 7 for further information about hedging activities.

Note 16.

Long-Term Borrowings

The table below presents details about the firm’s long-term borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Other secured financings (long-term)		$  11,855	$    8,405
Unsecured long-term borrowings		211,852	189,086
Total		$223,707	$197,491

See Note 10 for information about other secured financings.

57 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below presents unsecured long-term borrowings extending through 2057, which consists principally of senior borrowings.

$ in millions	U.S. Dollar	Non-U.S. Dollar	Total
As of September 2017
Fixed-rate obligations	$  98,948	$35,525	$134,473
Floating-rate obligations	43,799	33,580	77,379
Total	$142,747	$69,105	$211,852
As of December 2016
Fixed-rate obligations	$  96,113	$32,159	$128,272
Floating-rate obligations	36,748	24,066	60,814
Total	$132,861	$56,225	$189,086

In the table above:

• Floating interest rates are generally based on LIBOR or Overnight Index Swap Rate. Equity-linked and indexed instruments are included in floating-rate obligations.

• Interest rates on U.S. dollar-denominated debt ranged from 1.60% to 10.04% (with a weighted average rate of 4.29%) and 1.60% to 10.04% (with a weighted average rate of 4.57%) as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

• Interest rates on non-U.S. dollar-denominated debt ranged from 0.32% to 13.00% (with a weighted average rate of 2.66%) and 0.02% to 13.00% (with a weighted average rate of 3.05%) as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

The table below presents unsecured long-term borrowings by maturity date.

$ in millions	As of September 2017
2018	$    7,529
2019	28,171
2020	22,663
2021	21,663
2022	18,396
2023 - thereafter	113,430
Total	$211,852

In the table above:

• Unsecured long-term borrowings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and unsecured long-term borrowings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder are excluded as they are included in “Unsecured short-term borrowings.”

• Unsecured long-term borrowings that are repayable prior to maturity at the option of the firm are reflected at their contractual maturity dates.

• Unsecured long-term borrowings that are redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the holder are reflected at the earliest dates such options become exercisable.

• Unsecured long-term borrowings included $6.23 billion of adjustments to the carrying value of certain unsecured long-term borrowings resulting from the application of hedge accounting by year of maturity as follows: $3 million in 2018, $250 million in 2019, $266 million in 2020, $489 million in 2021, $(28) million in 2022, and $5.25 billion in 2023 and thereafter.

The firm designates certain derivatives as fair value hedges to convert a portion of its fixed-rate unsecured long-term borrowings not accounted for at fair value into floating-rate obligations. See Note 7 for further information about hedging activities.

The table below presents unsecured long-term borrowings, after giving effect to such hedging activities.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Fixed-rate obligations:
At fair value		$       146	$       150
At amortized cost		75,821	74,718
Floating-rate obligations:
At fair value		35,815	29,260
At amortized cost		100,070	84,958
Total		$211,852	$189,086

In the table above, the weighted average interest rates on the aggregate amounts were 2.71% (3.47% related to fixed-rate obligations and 2.13% related to floating-rate obligations) and 2.87% (3.90% related to fixed-rate obligations and 1.97% related to floating-rate obligations) as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. These rates exclude unsecured long-term borrowings accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the carrying value of unsecured long-term borrowings for which the firm did not elect the fair value option approximated fair value. As these borrowings are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP, their fair value is not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these borrowings been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 58

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Subordinated Borrowings

Unsecured long-term borrowings includes subordinated debt and junior subordinated debt. Junior subordinated debt is junior in right of payment to other subordinated borrowings, which are junior to senior borrowings. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, subordinated debt had maturities ranging from 2018 to 2045. Subordinated debt that matures within one year of the financial statement date is included in “Unsecured short-term borrowings.”

The table below presents details about the firm’s subordinated borrowings.

$ in millions	Par Amount	Carrying Amount	Rate
As of September 2017
Subordinated debt	$14,104	$16,290	3.67%
Junior subordinated debt	1,309	1,745	2.23%
Total	$15,413	$18,035	3.55%
As of December 2016
Subordinated debt	$15,058	$17,604	4.29%
Junior subordinated debt	1,360	1,809	5.70%
Total	$16,418	$19,413	4.41%

In the table above, the rate is the weighted average interest rate for these borrowings, including the effect of fair value hedges used to convert these fixed-rate obligations into floating-rate obligations. See Note 7 for further information about hedging activities. The rates exclude subordinated borrowings accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

During the nine months ended September 2017, the firm repurchased or redeemed subordinated debt with a par amount of $1.37 billion (carrying value of $1.73 billion) for $1.62 billion. As a result, such debt was extinguished.

Junior Subordinated Debt

Junior Subordinated Debt Held by Trusts. In 2012, the Vesey Street Investment Trust I (Vesey Street Trust) and the Murray Street Investment Trust I (Murray Street Trust) issued an aggregate of $2.25 billion of senior guaranteed trust securities to third parties, the proceeds of which were used to purchase junior subordinated debt issued by Group Inc. from Goldman Sachs Capital II and Goldman Sachs Capital III (APEX Trusts). The APEX Trusts used the proceeds to purchase shares of Group Inc.’s Perpetual Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series E (Series E Preferred Stock) and Perpetual Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series F (Series F Preferred Stock). The senior guaranteed trust securities issued by the Vesey Street Trust and the related junior subordinated debt matured during the third quarter of 2016. As of December 2016, $1.45 billion of senior guaranteed trust securities issued by the Murray Street Trust and the related junior subordinated debt were outstanding. These securities and the related junior subordinated debt matured during the first quarter of 2017.

The APEX Trusts are Delaware statutory trusts sponsored by the firm and wholly-owned finance subsidiaries of the firm for regulatory and legal purposes but are not consolidated for accounting purposes.

The firm has covenanted in favor of the holders of Group Inc.’s 6.345% junior subordinated debt due February 15, 2034, that, subject to certain exceptions, the firm will not redeem or purchase the capital securities issued by the APEX Trusts, shares of Group Inc.’s Series E or Series F Preferred Stock or shares of Group Inc.’s Series O Perpetual Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock if the redemption or purchase results in less than $253 million aggregate liquidation preference outstanding, prior to specified dates in 2022 for a price that exceeds a maximum amount determined by reference to the net cash proceeds that the firm has received from the sale of qualifying securities. During the first nine months of 2016, the firm exchanged a par amount of $1.32 billion of APEX issued by the APEX Trusts for a corresponding redemption value of the Series E and Series F Preferred Stock, which was permitted under the covenants referenced above.

Junior Subordinated Debt Issued in Connection with Trust Preferred Securities. Group Inc. issued $2.84 billion of junior subordinated debt in 2004 to Goldman Sachs Capital I (Trust), a Delaware statutory trust. The Trust issued $2.75 billion of guaranteed preferred beneficial interests (Trust Preferred Securities) to third parties and $85 million of common beneficial interests to Group Inc. and used the proceeds from the issuances to purchase the junior subordinated debt from Group Inc. As of September 2017, the outstanding par amount of junior subordinated debt held by the Trust was $1.31 billion and the outstanding par amount of Trust Preferred Securities and common beneficial interests issued by the Trust was $1.27 billion and $39.3 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 2017, the firm purchased $50 million (par amount) of Trust Preferred Securities and delivered these securities, along with $1.5 million of common beneficial interests, to the Trust in exchange for a corresponding par amount of the junior subordinated debt. Following the exchanges, these Trust Preferred Securities, common beneficial interests and junior subordinated debt were extinguished. As of December 2016, the outstanding par amount of junior subordinated debt held by the Trust was $1.36 billion and the outstanding par amount of Trust Preferred Securities and common beneficial interests issued by the Trust was $1.32 billion and $40.8 million, respectively. The Trust is a wholly-owned finance subsidiary of the firm for regulatory and legal purposes but is not consolidated for accounting purposes.

59 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The firm pays interest semi-annually on the junior subordinated debt at an annual rate of 6.345% and the debt matures on February 15, 2034. The coupon rate and the payment dates applicable to the beneficial interests are the same as the interest rate and payment dates for the junior subordinated debt. The firm has the right, from time to time, to defer payment of interest on the junior subordinated debt, and therefore cause payment on the Trust’s preferred beneficial interests to be deferred, in each case up to ten consecutive semi-annual periods. During any such deferral period, the firm will not be permitted to, among other things, pay dividends on or make certain repurchases of its common stock. The Trust is not permitted to pay any distributions on the common beneficial interests held by Group Inc. unless all dividends payable on the preferred beneficial interests have been paid in full.

Note 17.

Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses

The table below presents other liabilities and accrued expenses by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Compensation and benefits		$    6,347	$    7,181
Noncontrolling interests		568	506
Income tax-related liabilities		1,747	1,794
Employee interests in consolidated funds		222	77
Subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs		20	584
Accrued expenses and other		4,944	4,220
Total		$  13,848	$  14,362

Note 18.

Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

Commitments

The table below presents the firm’s commitments by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Commercial lending:
Investment-grade		$  73,597	$  73,664
Non-investment-grade		41,210	34,878
Warehouse financing		5,025	3,514
Total commitments to extend credit		119,832	112,056
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements		53,180	25,348
Forward starting collateralized financings		14,790	8,939
Letters of credit		404	373
Investment commitments		8,467	8,444
Other		7,761	6,014
Total commitments		$204,434	$161,174

The table below presents the firm’s commitments by period of expiration.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Remainder of 2017	2018 - 2019	2020 - 2021	2022 - Thereafter
Commercial lending:
Investment-grade		$  2,130	$21,170	$31,136	$19,161
Non-investment-grade		539	9,499	16,428	14,744
Warehouse financing		172	2,122	1,602	1,129
Total commitments to extend credit		2,841	32,791	49,166	35,034
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements		53,177	3	–	–
Forward starting collateralized financings		14,790	–	–	–
Letters of credit		15	349	–	40
Investment commitments		4,973	967	258	2,269
Other		7,321	381	16	43
Total commitments		$83,117	$34,491	$49,440	$37,386

Commitments to Extend Credit

The firm’s commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend with fixed termination dates and depend on the satisfaction of all contractual conditions to borrowing. These commitments are presented net of amounts syndicated to third parties. The total commitment amount does not necessarily reflect actual future cash flows because the firm may syndicate all or substantial additional portions of these commitments. In addition, commitments can expire unused or be reduced or cancelled at the counterparty’s request.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, $105.00 billion and $98.05 billion, respectively, of the firm’s lending commitments were held for investment and were accounted for on an accrual basis. See Note 9 for further information about such commitments. In addition, as of September 2017 and December 2016, $8.23 billion and $6.87 billion, respectively, of the firm’s lending commitments were held for sale and were accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value.

The firm accounts for the remaining commitments to extend credit at fair value. Losses, if any, are generally recorded, net of any fees in “Other principal transactions.”

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 60

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Commercial Lending. The firm’s commercial lending commitments are extended to investment-grade and non-investment-grade corporate borrowers. Commitments to investment-grade corporate borrowers are principally used for operating liquidity and general corporate purposes. The firm also extends lending commitments in connection with contingent acquisition financing and other types of corporate lending, as well as commercial real estate financing. Commitments that are extended for contingent acquisition financing are often intended to be short-term in nature, as borrowers often seek to replace them with other funding sources.

Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, Inc. (SMFG) provides the firm with credit loss protection on certain approved loan commitments (primarily investment-grade commercial lending commitments). The notional amount of such loan commitments was $26.07 billion and $26.88 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. The credit loss protection on loan commitments provided by SMFG is generally limited to 95% of the first loss the firm realizes on such commitments, up to a maximum of approximately $950 million. In addition, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, upon the firm’s request, SMFG will provide protection for 70% of additional losses on such commitments, up to a maximum of $1.13 billion, of which $768 million of protection had been provided as of both September 2017 and December 2016. The firm also uses other financial instruments to mitigate credit risks related to certain commitments not covered by SMFG. These instruments primarily include credit default swaps that reference the same or similar underlying instrument or entity, or credit default swaps that reference a market index.

Warehouse Financing. The firm provides financing to clients who warehouse financial assets. These arrangements are secured by the warehoused assets, primarily consisting of consumer and corporate loans.

Contingent and Forward Starting Collateralized Agreements  /  Forward Starting Collateralized Financings

Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements includes resale and securities borrowing agreements, and forward starting collateralized financings includes repurchase and secured lending agreements that settle at a future date, generally within three business days. The firm also enters into commitments to provide contingent financing to its clients and counterparties through resale agreements. The firm’s funding of these commitments depends on the satisfaction of all contractual conditions to the resale agreement and these commitments can expire unused.

Letters of Credit

The firm has commitments under letters of credit issued by various banks which the firm provides to counterparties in lieu of securities or cash to satisfy various collateral and margin deposit requirements.

Investment Commitments

Investment commitments includes commitments to invest in private equity, real estate and other assets directly and through funds that the firm raises and manages. Investment commitments included $1.71 billion and $2.10 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, related to commitments to invest in funds managed by the firm. If these commitments are called, they would be funded at market value on the date of investment.

Leases

The firm has contractual obligations under long-term noncancelable lease agreements for office space expiring on various dates through 2069. Certain agreements are subject to periodic escalation provisions for increases in real estate taxes and other charges.

The table below presents future minimum rental payments, net of minimum sublease rentals.

$ in millions	As of September 2017
Remainder of 2017	$     84
2018	299
2019	267
2020	233
2021	176
2022	121
2023 - thereafter	684
Total	$1,864

61 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Rent charged to operating expense was $61 million and $65 million for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $206 million and $187 million for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively.

Operating leases include office space held in excess of current requirements. Rent expense relating to space held for growth is included in “Occupancy.” The firm records a liability, based on the fair value of the remaining lease rentals reduced by any potential or existing sublease rentals, for leases where the firm has ceased using the space and management has concluded that the firm will not derive any future economic benefits. Costs to terminate a lease before the end of its term are recognized and measured at fair value on termination.

Contingencies

Legal Proceedings. See Note 27 for information about legal proceedings, including certain mortgage-related matters, and agreements the firm has entered into to toll the statute of limitations.

Certain Mortgage-Related Contingencies. There are multiple areas of focus by regulators, governmental agencies and others within the mortgage market that may impact originators, issuers, servicers and investors. There remains significant uncertainty surrounding the nature and extent of any potential exposure for participants in this market.

The firm has not been a significant originator of residential mortgage loans. The firm did purchase loans originated by others and generally received loan-level representations. During the period 2005 through 2008, the firm sold approximately $10 billion of loans to government-sponsored enterprises and approximately $11 billion of loans to other third parties. In addition, the firm transferred $125 billion of loans to trusts and other mortgage securitization vehicles. In connection with both sales of loans and securitizations, the firm provided loan-level representations and/or assigned the loan-level representations from the party from whom the firm purchased the loans.

The firm’s exposure to claims for repurchase of residential mortgage loans based on alleged breaches of representations will depend on a number of factors such as the extent to which these claims are made within the statute of limitations, taking into consideration the agreements to toll the statute of limitations the firm has entered into with trustees representing certain trusts. Based upon the large number of defaults in residential mortgages, including those sold or securitized by the firm, there is a potential for repurchase claims. However, the firm is not in a position to make a meaningful estimate of that exposure at this time.

Other Contingencies. In connection with the sale of Metro International Trade Services (Metro), the firm agreed to provide indemnities to the buyer, which primarily relate to fundamental representations and warranties, and potential liabilities for legal or regulatory proceedings arising out of the conduct of Metro’s business while the firm owned it.

In connection with the settlement agreement with the Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Working Group of the U.S. Financial Fraud Enforcement Task Force, the firm agreed to provide $1.80 billion in consumer relief in the form of principal forgiveness for underwater homeowners and distressed borrowers; financing for construction, rehabilitation and preservation of affordable housing; and support for debt restructuring, foreclosure prevention and housing quality improvement programs, as well as land banks.

Guarantees

The table below presents information about certain derivatives that meet the definition of a guarantee, securities lending indemnifications and certain other guarantees.

$ in millions	Derivatives	Securities lending indemnifications	Other financial guarantees
As of September 2017
Carrying Value of Net Liability	$       6,554	$         –	$     39
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration
Remainder of 2017	$   538,975	$40,731	$   229
2018 - 2019	1,235,298	–	934
2020 - 2021	105,564	–	1,958
2022 - thereafter	110,355	–	579
Total	$1,990,192	$40,731	$3,700
As of December 2016
Carrying Value of Net Liability	$       8,873	$         –	$     50
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration
2017	$   432,328	$33,403	$1,064
2018 - 2019	261,676	–	763
2020 - 2021	71,264	–	1,662
2022 - thereafter	51,506	–	173
Total	$   816,774	$33,403	$3,662

In the table above:

• The maximum payout is based on the notional amount of the contract and does not represent anticipated losses.

• Amounts exclude certain commitments to issue standby letters of credit that are included in “Commitments to extend credit.” See the tables in “Commitments” above for a summary of the firm’s commitments.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 62

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Derivative Guarantees. The firm enters into various derivatives that meet the definition of a guarantee under U.S. GAAP, including written equity and commodity put options, written currency contracts and interest rate caps, floors and swaptions. These derivatives are risk managed together with derivatives that do not meet the definition of a guarantee, and therefore the amounts in the table above do not reflect the firm’s overall risk related to its derivative activities. Disclosures about derivatives are not required if they may be cash settled and the firm has no basis to conclude it is probable that the counterparties held the underlying instruments at inception of the contract. The firm has concluded that these conditions have been met for certain large, internationally active commercial and investment bank counterparties, central clearing counterparties and certain other counterparties. Accordingly, the firm has not included such contracts in the table above. In addition, see Note 7 for information about credit derivatives that meet the definition of a guarantee, which are not included in the table above.

Derivatives are accounted for at fair value and therefore the carrying value is considered the best indication of payment/performance risk for individual contracts. However, the carrying values in the table above exclude the effect of counterparty and cash collateral netting.

Securities Lending Indemnifications. The firm, in its capacity as an agency lender, indemnifies most of its securities lending customers against losses incurred in the event that borrowers do not return securities and the collateral held is insufficient to cover the market value of the securities borrowed. Collateral held by the lenders in connection with securities lending indemnifications was $41.87 billion and $34.33 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Because the contractual nature of these arrangements requires the firm to obtain collateral with a market value that exceeds the value of the securities lent to the borrower, there is minimal performance risk associated with these guarantees.

Other Financial Guarantees. In the ordinary course of business, the firm provides other financial guarantees of the obligations of third parties (e.g., standby letters of credit and other guarantees to enable clients to complete transactions and fund-related guarantees). These guarantees represent obligations to make payments to beneficiaries if the guaranteed party fails to fulfill its obligation under a contractual arrangement with that beneficiary.

Guarantees of Securities Issued by Trusts. The firm has established trusts, including Goldman Sachs Capital I, the APEX Trusts and other entities for the limited purpose of issuing securities to third parties, lending the proceeds to the firm and entering into contractual arrangements with the firm and third parties related to this purpose. The firm does not consolidate these entities. See Note 16 for further information about the transactions involving Goldman Sachs Capital I and the APEX Trusts.

The firm effectively provides for the full and unconditional guarantee of the securities issued by these entities. Timely payment by the firm of amounts due to these entities under the guarantee, borrowing, preferred stock and related contractual arrangements will be sufficient to cover payments due on the securities issued by these entities.

Management believes that it is unlikely that any circumstances will occur, such as nonperformance on the part of paying agents or other service providers, that would make it necessary for the firm to make payments related to these entities other than those required under the terms of the guarantee, borrowing, preferred stock and related contractual arrangements and in connection with certain expenses incurred by these entities.

Indemnities and Guarantees of Service Providers. In the ordinary course of business, the firm indemnifies and guarantees certain service providers, such as clearing and custody agents, trustees and administrators, against specified potential losses in connection with their acting as an agent of, or providing services to, the firm or its affiliates.

The firm may also be liable to some clients or other parties for losses arising from its custodial role or caused by acts or omissions of third-party service providers, including sub-custodians and third-party brokers. In certain cases, the firm has the right to seek indemnification from these third-party service providers for certain relevant losses incurred by the firm. In addition, the firm is a member of payment, clearing and settlement networks, as well as securities exchanges around the world that may require the firm to meet the obligations of such networks and exchanges in the event of member defaults and other loss scenarios.

63 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

In connection with the firm’s prime brokerage and clearing businesses, the firm agrees to clear and settle on behalf of its clients the transactions entered into by them with other brokerage firms. The firm’s obligations in respect of such transactions are secured by the assets in the client’s account, as well as any proceeds received from the transactions cleared and settled by the firm on behalf of the client. In connection with joint venture investments, the firm may issue loan guarantees under which it may be liable in the event of fraud, misappropriation, environmental liabilities and certain other matters involving the borrower.

The firm is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum payout under these guarantees and indemnifications. However, management believes that it is unlikely the firm will have to make any material payments under these arrangements, and no material liabilities related to these guarantees and indemnifications have been recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Other Representations, Warranties and Indemnifications. The firm provides representations and warranties to counterparties in connection with a variety of commercial transactions and occasionally indemnifies them against potential losses caused by the breach of those representations and warranties. The firm may also provide indemnifications protecting against changes in or adverse application of certain U.S. tax laws in connection with ordinary-course transactions such as securities issuances, borrowings or derivatives.

In addition, the firm may provide indemnifications to some counterparties to protect them in the event additional taxes are owed or payments are withheld, due either to a change in or an adverse application of certain non-U.S. tax laws.

These indemnifications generally are standard contractual terms and are entered into in the ordinary course of business. Generally, there are no stated or notional amounts included in these indemnifications, and the contingencies triggering the obligation to indemnify are not expected to occur. The firm is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum payout under these guarantees and indemnifications. However, management believes that it is unlikely the firm will have to make any material payments under these arrangements, and no material liabilities related to these arrangements have been recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Guarantees of Subsidiaries. Group Inc. fully and unconditionally guarantees the securities issued by GS Finance Corp., a wholly-owned finance subsidiary of the firm. Group Inc. has guaranteed the payment obligations of Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (GS&Co.) and GS Bank USA, subject to certain exceptions.

In addition, Group Inc. guarantees many of the obligations of its other consolidated subsidiaries on a transaction-by-transaction basis, as negotiated with counterparties. Group Inc. is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum payout under its subsidiary guarantees; however, because these guaranteed obligations are also obligations of consolidated subsidiaries, Group Inc.’s liabilities as guarantor are not separately disclosed.

Note 19.

Shareholders’ Equity

Common Equity

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had 4.00 billion authorized shares of common stock and 200 million authorized shares of nonvoting common stock.

On October 16, 2017, the Board of Directors of Group Inc. (Board) declared a dividend of $0.75 per common share to be paid on December 28, 2017 to common shareholders of record on November 30, 2017.

The firm’s share repurchase program is intended to help maintain the appropriate level of common equity. The share repurchase program is effected primarily through regular open-market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1), the amounts and timing of which are determined primarily by the firm’s current and projected capital position, but which may also be influenced by general market conditions and the prevailing price and trading volumes of the firm’s common stock. Prior to repurchasing common stock, the firm must receive confirmation that the Federal Reserve Board does not object to such capital action.

The table below presents the amount of common stock repurchased by the firm under the share repurchase program.

	September 2017
in millions, except per share amounts		Three Months Ended	Nine Months Ended
Common share repurchases		9.6	22.4
Average cost per share		$225.12	$229.16
Total cost of common share repurchases		$  2,169	$  5,135

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 64

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Pursuant to the terms of certain share-based compensation plans, employees may remit shares to the firm or the firm may cancel RSUs or stock options to satisfy minimum statutory employee tax withholding requirements and the exercise price of stock options. Under these plans, during the nine months ended September 2017, 12,165 shares were remitted with a total value of $3 million, and the firm cancelled 5.9 million of RSUs with a total value of $1.36 billion and 3.1 million of stock options with a total value of $750 million.

Preferred Equity

The tables below present details about the perpetual preferred stock issued and outstanding as of September 2017.

Series	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued	Shares Outstanding	Depositary Shares Per Share
A	50,000	30,000	29,999	1,000
B	50,000	32,000	32,000	1,000
C	25,000	8,000	8,000	1,000
D	60,000	54,000	53,999	1,000
E	17,500	7,667	7,667	N/A
F	5,000	1,615	1,615	N/A
I	34,500	34,000	34,000	1,000
J	46,000	40,000	40,000	1,000
K	32,200	28,000	28,000	1,000
L	52,000	52,000	52,000	25
M	80,000	80,000	80,000	25
N	31,050	27,000	27,000	1,000
O	26,000	26,000	26,000	25
Total	509,250	420,282	420,280

Series	Earliest Redemption Date	Liquidation Preference	Redemption Value ($ in millions)
A	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	$     750
B	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	800
C	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	200
D	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	1,350
E	Currently redeemable	$100,000	767
F	Currently redeemable	$100,000	161
I	November 10, 2017	$  25,000	850
J	May 10, 2023	$  25,000	1,000
K	May 10, 2024	$  25,000	700
L	May 10, 2019	$  25,000	1,300
M	May 10, 2020	$  25,000	2,000
N	May 10, 2021	$  25,000	675
O	November 10, 2026	$  25,000	650
Total			$11,203

In the tables above:

• All shares have a par value of $0.01 per share and, where applicable, each share is represented by the specified number of depositary shares.

• The earliest redemption date represents the date on which each share of non-cumulative Preferred Stock is redeemable at the firm’s option.

• Prior to redeeming preferred stock, the firm must receive confirmation that the Federal Reserve Board does not object to such capital action.

• The redemption price per share for Series A through F Preferred Stock is the liquidation preference plus declared and unpaid dividends. The redemption price per share for Series I through O Preferred Stock is the liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends. Each share of non-cumulative Series E and Series F Preferred Stock issued and outstanding is redeemable at the firm’s option, subject to certain covenant restrictions governing the firm’s ability to redeem the preferred stock without issuing common stock or other instruments with equity-like characteristics. See Note 16 for information about the replacement capital covenants applicable to the Series E and Series F Preferred Stock.

• All series of preferred stock are pari passu and have a preference over the firm’s common stock on liquidation.

• Dividends on each series of preferred stock, excluding Series L, Series M and Series O Preferred Stock, if declared, are payable quarterly in arrears. Dividends on Series L, Series M and Series O Preferred Stock, if declared, are payable semi-annually in arrears from the issuance date to, but excluding, May 10, 2019, May 10, 2020 and November 10, 2026, respectively, and quarterly thereafter.

• The firm’s ability to declare or pay dividends on, or purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire, its common stock is subject to certain restrictions in the event that the firm fails to pay or set aside full dividends on the preferred stock for the latest completed dividend period.

During the first nine months of 2016, the firm delivered a par amount of $1.32 billion of APEX to the APEX Trusts in exchange for 9,833 shares of Series E Preferred Stock and 3,385 shares of Series F Preferred Stock for a total redemption value of $1.32 billion. Following the exchange, shares of Series E and Series F Preferred Stock were cancelled. The difference between the fair value of the APEX and the net carrying value of the preferred stock at the time of cancellation was $266 million for the first nine months of 2016 (including $105 million for the third quarter of 2016), and was recorded in “Preferred stock dividends,” along with preferred dividends declared on the firm’s preferred stock. See Note 16 for further information about APEX.

In October 2017, the firm announced that it would redeem all of its outstanding Series I Preferred Stock on November 17, 2017.

65 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

In November 2017, Group Inc. issued 60,000 shares of Series P perpetual 5.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock (Series P Preferred Stock). Each share of Series P Preferred Stock issued and outstanding has a liquidation preference of $25,000, is represented by 25 depositary shares and is redeemable at the firm’s option beginning November 10, 2022 at a redemption price equal to $25,000 plus accrued and unpaid dividends, for a total redemption value of $1.50 billion. Dividends on Series P Preferred Stock, if declared, are payable semi-annually at 5.00% per annum from the issuance date to, but excluding, November 10, 2022, and quarterly thereafter at three-month LIBOR plus 2.874% per annum.

The table below presents the dividend rates of the firm’s perpetual preferred stock as of September 2017.

Series	Dividend Rate
A	3 month LIBOR + 0.75%, with floor of 3.75% per annum
B	6.20% per annum
C	3 month LIBOR + 0.75%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
D	3 month LIBOR + 0.67%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
E	3 month LIBOR + 0.77%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
F	3 month LIBOR + 0.77%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
I	5.95% per annum
J	5.50% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2023; 3 month LIBOR + 3.64% per annum thereafter
K	6.375% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2024; 3 month LIBOR + 3.55% per annum thereafter
L	5.70% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2019; 3 month LIBOR + 3.884% per annum thereafter
M	5.375% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2020; 3 month LIBOR + 3.922% per annum thereafter
N	6.30% per annum
O	5.30% per annum to, but excluding, November 10, 2026; 3 month LIBOR + 3.834% per annum thereafter

The tables below present dividends declared on the firm’s preferred stock.

	Three Months Ended September
	2017			2016
Series		per share	$ in millions		per share	$ in millions
A		$   239.58	$  7		$   239.58	$  7
B		$   387.50	12		$   387.50	12
C		$   255.56	2		$   255.56	2
D		$   255.56	14		$   255.56	14
E		$1,022.22	7		$1,022.22	12
F		$1,022.22	2		$1,022.22	3
I		$   371.88	13		$   371.88	13
J		$   343.75	13		$   343.75	14
K		$   398.44	12		$   398.44	11
L		$            –	–		$            –	–
M		$            –	–		$            –	–
N		$   393.75	11		$   393.75	11
O		$            –	–		$            –	–
Total			$93			$99

	Nine Months Ended September
	2017			2016
Series		per share	$ in millions		per share	$ in millions
A		$   710.93	$  21		$   713.54	$  21
B		$1,162.50	37		$1,162.50	37
C		$   758.34	6		$   761.12	6
D		$   758.34	41		$   761.12	41
E		$3,044.44	23		$3,055.55	43
F		$3,044.44	5		$3,055.55	11
I		$1,115.64	38		$1,115.64	38
J		$1,031.25	41		$1,031.25	42
K		$1,195.32	34		$1,195.32	33
L		$   712.50	37		$   712.50	37
M		$   671.88	54		$   671.88	54
N		$1,181.25	32		$   730.63	20
O		$   662.50	17		$            –	–
Total			$386			$383

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The table below presents changes in the accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, by type.

$ in millions	Beginning balance		Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax		Ending balance
Nine Months Ended September 2017
Currency translation	$   (647	)	$   19		$   (628	)
Debt valuation adjustment	(239	)	(518	)	(757	)
Pension and postretirement liabilities	(330	)	2		(328	)
Available-for-sale securities	–		(3	)	(3	)
Total	$(1,216	)	$(500	)	$(1,716	)
Year Ended December 2016
Currency translation	$   (587	)	$  (60	)	$   (647	)
Debt valuation adjustment	305		(544	)	(239	)
Pension and postretirement liabilities	(131	)	(199	)	(330	)
Total	$   (413	)	$(803	)	$(1,216	)

In the table above, the beginning balance of accumulated other comprehensive loss for December 2016 has been adjusted to reflect the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle related to debt valuation adjustment, net of tax. See Note 3 for further information about the adoption of ASU No. 2016-01. See Note 8 for further information about the debt valuation adjustment.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 66

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 20.

Regulation and Capital Adequacy

The Federal Reserve Board is the primary regulator of Group Inc., a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 and a financial holding company under amendments to this Act. As a bank holding company, the firm is subject to consolidated regulatory capital requirements which are calculated in accordance with the revised risk-based capital and leverage regulations of the Federal Reserve Board, subject to certain transitional provisions (Revised Capital Framework).

The risk-based capital requirements are expressed as capital ratios that compare measures of regulatory capital to risk-weighted assets (RWAs). Failure to comply with these capital requirements could result in restrictions being imposed by the firm’s regulators. The firm’s capital levels are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components of capital, risk weightings and other factors. Furthermore, certain of the firm’s subsidiaries are subject to separate regulations and capital requirements as described below.

Capital Framework

The regulations under the Revised Capital Framework are largely based on the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s (Basel Committee) capital framework for strengthening international capital standards (Basel III) and also implement certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. Under the Revised Capital Framework, the firm is an “Advanced approach” banking organization.

The firm calculates its Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1), Tier 1 capital and Total capital ratios in accordance with (i) the Standardized approach and market risk rules set out in the Revised Capital Framework (together, the Standardized Capital Rules) and (ii) the Advanced approach and market risk rules set out in the Revised Capital Framework (together, the Basel III Advanced Rules). The lower of each ratio calculated in (i) and (ii) is the ratio against which the firm’s compliance with its minimum ratio requirements is assessed. Each of the ratios calculated in accordance with the Basel III Advanced Rules was lower than that calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and therefore the Basel III Advanced ratios were the ratios that applied to the firm as of both September 2017 and December 2016. The capital ratios that apply to the firm can change in future reporting periods as a result of these regulatory requirements.

Regulatory Capital and Capital Ratios. The table below presents the minimum ratios required for the firm.

	As of
		September 2017	December 2016
CET1 ratio		7.000%	5.875%
Tier 1 capital ratio		8.500%	7.375%
Total capital ratio		10.500%	9.375%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		4.000%	4.000%

In the table above:

• The minimum capital ratios as of September 2017 reflect (i) the 50% phase-in of the capital conservation buffer of 2.5%, (ii) the 50% phase-in of the Global Systemically Important Bank (G-SIB) buffer of 2.5% (based on 2015 financial data), and (iii) the countercyclical capital buffer of zero percent, each described below.

• The minimum capital ratios as of December 2016 reflect (i) the 25% phase-in of the capital conservation buffer of 2.5%, (ii) the 25% phase-in of the G-SIB buffer of 3% (based on 2014 financial data), and (iii) the countercyclical capital buffer of zero percent, each described below.

• Tier 1 leverage ratio is defined as Tier 1 capital divided by quarterly average adjusted total assets (which includes adjustments for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, and certain investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions).

Certain aspects of the Revised Capital Framework’s requirements phase in over time (transitional provisions). These include capital buffers and certain deductions from regulatory capital (such as investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions). These deductions from regulatory capital are required to be phased in ratably per year from 2014 to 2018, with residual amounts not deducted during the transitional period subject to risk weighting. In addition, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts is being phased out of regulatory capital. The minimum CET1, Tier 1 and Total capital ratios that apply to the firm will increase as the capital buffers are phased in.

The capital conservation buffer, which consists entirely of capital that qualifies as CET1, began to phase in on January 1, 2016 and will continue to do so in increments of 0.625% per year until it reaches 2.5% of RWAs on January 1, 2019.

67 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The G-SIB buffer, which is an extension of the capital conservation buffer, phases in ratably, beginning on January 1, 2016, becoming fully effective on January 1, 2019, and must consist entirely of capital that qualifies as CET1. The buffer must be calculated using two methodologies, the higher of which is reflected in the firm’s minimum risk-based capital ratios. The first calculation is based upon the Basel Committee’s methodology which, among other factors, relies upon measures of the size, activity and complexity of each G-SIB. The second calculation uses similar inputs, but it includes a measure of reliance on short-term wholesale funding. The firm’s G-SIB buffer will be updated annually based on financial data from the prior year, and will be generally applicable for the following year.

The Revised Capital Framework also provides for a countercyclical capital buffer, which is an extension of the capital conservation buffer, of up to 2.5% (consisting entirely of CET1) intended to counteract systemic vulnerabilities. As of September 2017, the Federal Reserve Board has set the countercyclical capital buffer at zero percent.

Failure to meet the capital levels inclusive of the buffers could limit the firm’s ability to distribute capital, including share repurchases and dividend payments, and to make certain discretionary compensation payments.

Definition of Risk-Weighted Assets. RWAs are calculated in accordance with both the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules. The following is a comparison of RWA calculations under these rules:

• RWAs for credit risk in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules are calculated in a different manner than the Basel III Advanced Rules. The primary difference is that the Standardized Capital Rules do not contemplate the use of internal models to compute exposure for credit risk on derivatives, securities financing transactions and eligible margin loans, whereas the Basel III Advanced Rules permit the use of such models, subject to supervisory approval. In addition, credit RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules utilize prescribed risk-weights which depend largely on the type of counterparty, rather than on internal assessments of the creditworthiness of such counterparties;

• RWAs for market risk in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules are generally consistent; and

• RWAs for operational risk are not required by the Standardized Capital Rules, whereas the Basel III Advanced Rules do include such a requirement.

Credit Risk

Credit RWAs are calculated based upon measures of exposure, which are then risk weighted. The following is a description of the calculation of credit RWAs in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules:

• For credit RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules, the firm utilizes prescribed risk-weights which depend largely on the type of counterparty (e.g., whether the counterparty is a sovereign, bank, broker-dealer or other entity). The exposure measure for derivatives is based on a combination of positive net current exposure and a percentage of the notional amount of each derivative. The exposure measure for securities financing transactions is calculated to reflect adjustments for potential price volatility, the size of which depends on factors such as the type and maturity of the security, and whether it is denominated in the same currency as the other side of the financing transaction. The firm utilizes specific required formulaic approaches to measure exposure for securitizations and equities; and

• For credit RWAs calculated in accordance with the Basel III Advanced Rules, the firm has been given permission by its regulators to compute risk-weights for wholesale and retail credit exposures in accordance with the Advanced Internal Ratings-Based approach. This approach is based on internal assessments of the creditworthiness of counterparties, with key inputs being the probability of default, loss given default and the effective maturity. The firm utilizes internal models to measure exposure for derivatives, securities financing transactions and eligible margin loans. The Revised Capital Framework requires that a bank holding company obtain prior written agreement from its regulators before using internal models for such purposes. The firm utilizes specific required formulaic approaches to measure exposure for securitizations and equities.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 68

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Market Risk

Market RWAs are calculated based on measures of exposure which include Value-at-Risk (VaR), stressed VaR, incremental risk and comprehensive risk based on internal models, and a standardized measurement method for specific risk. The market risk regulatory capital rules require that a bank holding company obtain prior written agreement from its regulators before using any internal model to calculate its risk-based capital requirement. The following is further information regarding the measures of exposure for market RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and Basel III Advanced Rules:

• VaR is the potential loss in value of inventory positions, as well as certain other financial assets and financial liabilities, due to adverse market movements over a defined time horizon with a specified confidence level. For both risk management purposes and regulatory capital calculations the firm uses a single VaR model which captures risks including those related to interest rates, equity prices, currency rates and commodity prices. However, VaR used for regulatory capital requirements (regulatory VaR) differs from risk management VaR due to different time horizons and confidence levels (10-day and 99% for regulatory VaR vs. one-day and 95% for risk management VaR), as well as differences in the scope of positions on which VaR is calculated. In addition, the daily net revenues used to determine risk management VaR exceptions (i.e., comparing the daily net revenues to the VaR measure calculated as of the end of the prior business day) include intraday activity, whereas the Federal Reserve Board’s regulatory capital rules require that intraday activity be excluded from daily net revenues when calculating regulatory VaR exceptions. Intraday activity includes bid/offer net revenues, which are more likely than not to be positive by their nature. As a result, there may be differences in the number of VaR exceptions and the amount of daily net revenues calculated for regulatory VaR compared to the amounts calculated for risk management VaR. The firm’s positional losses observed on a single day did not exceed its 99% one-day regulatory VaR during the nine months ended September 2017 and exceeded its 99% one-day regulatory VaR on two occasions during the year ended December 2016. There was no change in the VaR multiplier used to calculate Market RWAs;

• Stressed VaR is the potential loss in value of inventory positions, as well as certain other financial assets and financial liabilities, during a period of significant market stress;

• Incremental risk is the potential loss in value of non-securitized inventory positions due to the default or credit migration of issuers of financial instruments over a one-year time horizon;

• Comprehensive risk is the potential loss in value, due to price risk and defaults, within the firm’s credit correlation positions; and

• Specific risk is the risk of loss on a position that could result from factors other than broad market movements, including event risk, default risk and idiosyncratic risk. The standardized measurement method is used to determine specific risk RWAs, by applying supervisory defined risk-weighting factors after applicable netting is performed.

Operational Risk

Operational RWAs are only required to be included under the Basel III Advanced Rules. The firm has been given permission by its regulators to calculate operational RWAs in accordance with the “Advanced Measurement Approach,” and therefore utilizes an internal risk-based model to quantify Operational RWAs.

Consolidated Regulatory Capital Ratios

Capital Ratios and RWAs. Each of the ratios calculated in accordance with the Basel III Advanced Rules was lower than that calculated in accordance with the Standardized Rules as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and therefore such lower ratios applied to the firm as of these dates.

69 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below presents the ratios calculated in accordance with both the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Common shareholders’ equity		$  75,089		$  75,690
Deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		(2,914	)	(2,874	)
Deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		–		(424	)
Other adjustments		(294	)	(346	)
Common Equity Tier 1		71,881		72,046
Preferred stock		11,203		11,203
Deduction for investments in covered funds		(536	)	(445	)
Other adjustments		(149	)	(364	)
Tier 1 capital		$  82,399		$  82,440
Standardized Tier 2 and Total capital
Tier 1 capital		$  82,399		$  82,440
Qualifying subordinated debt		13,567		14,566
Junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		635		792
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		980		722
Other adjustments		(1	)	(6	)
Standardized Tier 2 capital		15,181		16,074
Standardized Total capital		$  97,580		$  98,514
Basel III Advanced Tier 2 and Total capital
Tier 1 capital		$  82,399		$  82,440
Standardized Tier 2 capital		15,181		16,074
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		(980	)	(722	)
Basel III Advanced Tier 2 capital		14,201		15,352
Basel III Advanced Total capital		$  96,600		$  97,792
RWAs
Standardized		$540,184		$496,676
Basel III Advanced		$599,822		$549,650
CET1 ratio
Standardized		13.3%		14.5%
Basel III Advanced		12.0%		13.1%
Tier 1 capital ratio
Standardized		15.3%		16.6%
Basel III Advanced		13.7%		15.0%
Total capital ratio
Standardized		18.1%		19.8%
Basel III Advanced		16.1%		17.8%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		8.9%		9.4%

In the table above:

• Deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities, included goodwill of $3.67 billion as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and identifiable intangible assets of $314 million (80% of $393 million) and $257 million (60% of $429 million) as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, net of associated deferred tax liabilities of $1.07 billion and $1.05 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Goodwill is fully deducted from CET1, while the deduction for identifiable intangible assets is required to be phased into CET1 ratably over five years from 2014 to 2018. The balance that is not deducted during the transitional period is risk weighted.

• Deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions represents the amount by which the firm’s investments in the capital of nonconsolidated financial institutions exceed certain prescribed thresholds. The deduction for such investments is required to be phased into CET1 ratably over five years from 2014 to 2018. As of September 2017 and December 2016, CET1 reflects 80% and 60% of the deduction, respectively. The balance that is not deducted during the transitional period is risk weighted.

• Deduction for investments in covered funds represents the firm’s aggregate investments in applicable covered funds, excluding investments that are subject to an extended conformance period. This deduction was not subject to a transition period. See Note 6 for further information about the Volcker Rule.

• Other adjustments within CET1 and Tier 1 capital primarily includes accumulated other comprehensive loss, credit valuation adjustments on derivative liabilities, the overfunded portion of the firm’s defined benefit pension plan obligation net of associated deferred tax liabilities, disallowed deferred tax assets and other required credit risk-based deductions. The deduction for such items is generally required to be phased into CET1 ratably over five years from 2014 to 2018. As of September 2017 and December 2016, CET1 reflects 80% and 60% of such deduction, respectively. The balance that is not deducted from CET1 during the transitional period is generally deducted from Tier 1 capital within other adjustments.

• As of September 2017, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts was fully phased out of Tier 1 capital, with 50% included in Tier 2 capital and 50% fully phased out of regulatory capital. As of December 2016, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts was fully phased out of Tier 1 capital, with 60% included in Tier 2 capital and 40% fully phased out of regulatory capital. Junior subordinated debt issued to trusts is reduced by the amount of trust preferred securities purchased by the firm and will be fully phased out of Tier 2 capital by 2022 at a rate of 10% per year. See Note 16 for further information about the firm’s junior subordinated debt issued to trusts and trust preferred securities purchased by the firm.

• Qualifying subordinated debt is subordinated debt issued by Group Inc. with an original maturity of five years or greater. The outstanding amount of subordinated debt qualifying for Tier 2 capital is reduced upon reaching a remaining maturity of five years. See Note 16 for further information about the firm’s subordinated debt.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 70

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The tables below present changes in CET1, Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital.

	Nine Months Ended September 2017
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Common Equity Tier 1
Beginning balance		$72,046		$72,046
Change in common shareholders’ equity		(601	)	(601	)
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(426	)	(426	)
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		31		31
Investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		586		586
Change in other adjustments		245		245
Ending balance		$71,881		$71,881
Tier 1 capital
Beginning balance		$82,440		$82,440
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(274	)	(274	)
Investments in covered funds		(91	)	(91	)
Other net increase in CET1		261		261
Change in other adjustments		63		63
Ending balance		82,399		82,399
Tier 2 capital
Beginning balance		16,074		15,352
Change in qualifying subordinated debt		(999	)	(999	)
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(157	)	(157	)
Change in the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		258		–
Change in other adjustments		5		5
Ending balance		15,181		14,201
Total capital		$97,580		$96,600

	Year Ended December 2016
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Common Equity Tier 1
Beginning balance		$71,363		$71,363
Change in common shareholders’ equity		162		162
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(839	)	(839	)
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		16		16
Investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		895		895
Change in other adjustments		449		449
Ending balance		$72,046		$72,046
Tier 1 capital
Beginning balance		$81,511		$81,511
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(558	)	(558	)
Investments in covered funds		(32	)	(32	)
Other net increase in CET1		1,522		1,522
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(330	)	(330	)
Change in preferred stock		3		3
Change in other adjustments		324		324
Ending balance		82,440		82,440
Tier 2 capital
Beginning balance		16,705		16,103
Change in qualifying subordinated debt		(566	)	(566	)
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(198	)	(198	)
Change in the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		120		–
Change in other adjustments		13		13
Ending balance		16,074		15,352
Total capital		$98,514		$97,792

In the tables above, the change in the deduction for transitional provisions represents the increased phase-in of the deduction from 60% to 80% (effective January 1, 2017) for the nine months ended September 2017 and from 40% to 60% (effective January 1, 2016) for the year ended December 2016.

71 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The tables below present the components of RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	Standardized Capital Rules as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Credit RWAs
Derivatives		$131,415	$124,286
Commitments, guarantees and loans		133,998	115,744
Securities financing transactions		79,656	71,319
Equity investments		46,176	41,428
Other		68,913	58,636
Total Credit RWAs		460,158	411,413
Market RWAs
Regulatory VaR		6,825	9,750
Stressed VaR		25,800	22,475
Incremental risk		10,288	7,875
Comprehensive risk		1,950	5,338
Specific risk		35,163	39,825
Total Market RWAs		80,026	85,263
Total RWAs		$540,184	$496,676
	Basel III Advanced Rules as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Credit RWAs
Derivatives		$107,617	$105,096
Commitments, guarantees and loans		152,846	122,792
Securities financing transactions		20,156	14,673
Equity investments		49,499	44,095
Other		74,302	63,431
Total Credit RWAs		404,420	350,087
Market RWAs
Regulatory VaR		6,825	9,750
Stressed VaR		25,800	22,475
Incremental risk		10,288	7,875
Comprehensive risk		1,613	4,550
Specific risk		35,163	39,825
Total Market RWAs		79,689	84,475
Total Operational RWAs		115,713	115,088
Total RWAs		$599,822	$549,650

In the tables above:

• Securities financing transactions represent resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions.

• Other primarily includes receivables, other assets, and cash and cash equivalents.

The table below presents changes in RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	Nine Months Ended September 2017
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Risk-Weighted Assets
Beginning balance		$496,676		$549,650
Credit RWAs
Change in:
Deduction for transitional provisions		(233	)	(233	)
Derivatives		7,129		2,521
Commitments, guarantees and loans		18,254		30,054
Securities financing transactions		8,337		5,483
Equity investments		4,910		5,566
Other		10,348		10,942
Change in Credit RWAs		48,745		54,333
Market RWAs
Change in:
Regulatory VaR		(2,925	)	(2,925	)
Stressed VaR		3,325		3,325
Incremental risk		2,413		2,413
Comprehensive risk		(3,388	)	(2,937	)
Specific risk		(4,662	)	(4,662	)
Change in Market RWAs		(5,237	)	(4,786	)
Operational RWAs
Change in operational risk		–		625
Change in Operational RWAs		–		625
Ending balance		$540,184		$599,822

In the table above, the increased deduction for transitional provisions represents the increased phase-in of the deduction from 60% to 80%, effective January 1, 2017.

Standardized Credit RWAs as of September 2017 increased by $48.75 billion compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting an increase in commitments, guarantees and loans, principally due to increased lending activity, and securities financing transactions, principally due to increased exposures. Standardized Market RWAs as of September 2017 decreased by $5.24 billion compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting a decrease in specific risk as a result of changes in risk exposures.

Basel III Advanced Credit RWAs as of September 2017 increased by $54.33 billion compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting an increase in commitments, guarantees and loans, principally due to increased lending activity. Basel III Advanced Market RWAs as of September 2017 decreased by $4.79 billion compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting a decrease in specific risk as a result of changes in risk exposures. Basel III Advanced Operational RWAs as of September 2017 were essentially unchanged compared with December 2016.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 72

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below presents changes in RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	Year Ended December 2016
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Risk-Weighted Assets
Beginning balance		$524,107		$577,651
Credit RWAs
Change in:
Deduction for transitional provisions		(531	)	(531	)
Derivatives		(12,555	)	(8,575	)
Commitments, guarantees and loans		4,353		8,269
Securities financing transactions		(73	)	(228	)
Equity investments		4,196		4,440
Other		(4,095	)	2,630
Change in Credit RWAs		(8,705	)	6,005
Market RWAs
Change in:
Regulatory VaR		(2,250	)	(2,250	)
Stressed VaR		737		737
Incremental risk		(1,638	)	(1,638	)
Comprehensive risk		(387	)	(167	)
Specific risk		(15,188	)	(15,188	)
Change in Market RWAs		(18,726	)	(18,506	)
Operational RWAs
Change in operational risk		–		(15,500	)
Change in Operational RWAs		–		(15,500	)
Ending balance		$496,676		$549,650

In the table above, the increased deduction for transitional provisions represents the increased phase-in of the deduction from 40% to 60%, effective January 1, 2016.

Standardized Credit RWAs as of December 2016 decreased by $8.71 billion compared with December 2015, primarily reflecting a decrease in derivatives, principally due to reduced exposures, and a decrease in receivables included in other credit RWAs reflecting the impact of firm and client activity. This decrease was partially offset by increases in commitments, guarantees and loans principally due to increased lending activity, and equity investments, principally due to increased exposures and the impact of market movements. Standardized Market RWAs as of December 2016 decreased by $18.73 billion compared with December 2015, primarily reflecting a decrease in specific risk as a result of reduced risk exposures.

Basel III Advanced Credit RWAs as of December 2016 increased by $6.01 billion compared with December 2015, primarily reflecting an increase in commitments, guarantees and loans principally due to increased lending activity, and an increase in equity investments, principally due to increased exposures and the impact of market movements. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in derivatives, principally due to lower counterparty credit risk and reduced exposure. Basel III Advanced Market RWAs as of December 2016 decreased by $18.51 billion compared with December 2015, primarily reflecting a decrease in specific risk as a result of reduced risk exposures. Basel III Advanced Operational RWAs as of December 2016 decreased by $15.50 billion compared with December 2015, reflecting a decrease in the frequency of certain events incorporated within the firm’s risk-based model.

See “Definition of Risk-Weighted Assets” above for a description of the calculations of Credit RWAs, Market RWAs and Operational RWAs, including the differences in the calculation of Credit RWAs under each of the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules.

Bank Subsidiaries

Regulatory Capital Ratios. GS Bank USA, an FDIC-insured, New York State-chartered bank and a member of the Federal Reserve System, is supervised and regulated by the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC, the New York State Department of Financial Services and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, and is subject to regulatory capital requirements that are calculated in substantially the same manner as those applicable to bank holding companies. For purposes of assessing the adequacy of its capital, GS Bank USA calculates its capital ratios in accordance with the risk-based capital and leverage requirements applicable to state member banks. Those requirements are based on the Revised Capital Framework described above. GS Bank USA is an Advanced approach banking organization under the Revised Capital Framework.

73 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action applicable to GS Bank USA, in order to meet the quantitative requirements for being a “well-capitalized” depository institution, GS Bank USA must meet higher minimum requirements than the minimum ratios in the table below. The table below presents the minimum ratios and the “well-capitalized” minimum ratios required for GS Bank USA. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, GS Bank USA was in compliance with its minimum capital requirements and the “well-capitalized” minimum ratios.

	Minimum Ratio as of
		September 2017	December 2016	“Well-capitalized” Minimum Ratio
CET1 ratio		5.750%	5.125%	6.5%
Tier 1 capital ratio		7.250%	6.625%	8.0%
Total capital ratio		9.250%	8.625%	10.0%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		4.000%	4.000%	5.0%

In the table above:

• The minimum capital ratios as of September 2017 reflect (i) the 50% phase-in of the capital conservation buffer of 2.5% and (ii) the countercyclical capital buffer of zero percent, each described above.

• The minimum capital ratios as of December 2016 reflect (i) the 25% phase-in of the capital conservation buffer of 2.5% and (ii) the countercyclical capital buffer of zero percent, each described above.

GS Bank USA’s capital levels and prompt corrective action classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components of capital, risk weightings and other factors. Failure to comply with these capital requirements, including a breach of the buffers described above, could result in restrictions being imposed by GS Bank USA’s regulators.

Similar to the firm, GS Bank USA is required to calculate each of the CET1, Tier 1 capital and Total capital ratios in accordance with both the Standardized Capital Rules and Basel III Advanced Rules. The lower of each ratio calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and Basel III Advanced Rules is the ratio against which GS Bank USA’s compliance with its minimum ratio requirements is assessed. Each of the ratios calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules was lower than that calculated in accordance with the Basel III Advanced Rules and therefore the Standardized Capital ratios were the ratios that applied to GS Bank USA as of both September 2017 and December 2016. The capital ratios that apply to GS Bank USA can change in future reporting periods as a result of these regulatory requirements.

The table below presents the ratios for GS Bank USA calculated in accordance with both the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Standardized
Common Equity Tier 1		$  25,013		$  24,485
Tier 1 capital		25,013		24,485
Tier 2 capital		2,495		2,382
Total capital		$  27,508		$  26,867
Basel III Advanced
Common Equity Tier 1		$  25,013		$  24,485
Tier 1 capital		25,013		24,485
Standardized Tier 2 capital		2,495		2,382
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		(495	)	(382	)
Tier 2 capital		2,000		2,000
Total capital		$  27,013		$  26,485
RWAs
Standardized		$216,487		$204,232
Basel III Advanced		$146,412		$131,051
CET1 ratio
Standardized		11.6%		12.0%
Basel III Advanced		17.1%		18.7%
Tier 1 capital ratio
Standardized		11.6%		12.0%
Basel III Advanced		17.1%		18.7%
Total capital ratio
Standardized		12.7%		13.2%
Basel III Advanced		18.4%		20.2%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		16.0%		14.4%

The decrease in GS Bank USA’s Standardized and Basel III Advanced capital ratios from December 2016 to September 2017 is primarily due to an increase in credit RWAs, principally due to an increase in lending activity.

The firm’s principal non-U.S. bank subsidiary, GSIB, is a wholly-owned credit institution, regulated by the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) and the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and is subject to minimum capital requirements. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, GSIB was in compliance with all regulatory capital requirements.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 74

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Broker-Dealer Subsidiaries

U.S. Regulated Broker-Dealer Subsidiaries. GS&Co. is the firm’s primary U.S. regulated broker-dealer subsidiary and is subject to regulatory capital requirements including those imposed by the SEC and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. In addition, GS&Co. is a registered futures commission merchant and is subject to regulatory capital requirements imposed by the CFTC, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and the National Futures Association. Rule 15c3-1 of the SEC and Rule 1.17 of the CFTC specify uniform minimum net capital requirements, as defined, for their registrants, and also effectively require that a significant part of the registrants’ assets be kept in relatively liquid form. GS&Co. has elected to calculate its minimum capital requirements in accordance with the “Alternative Net Capital Requirement” as permitted by Rule 15c3-1.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, GS&Co. had regulatory net capital, as defined by Rule 15c3-1, of $17.87 billion and $17.17 billion, respectively, which exceeded the amount required by $15.33 billion and $14.66 billion, respectively. In addition to its alternative minimum net capital requirements, GS&Co. is also required to hold tentative net capital in excess of $1 billion and net capital in excess of $500 million in accordance with the market and credit risk standards of Appendix E of Rule 15c3-1. GS&Co. is also required to notify the SEC in the event that its tentative net capital is less than $5 billion. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, GS&Co. had tentative net capital and net capital in excess of both the minimum and the notification requirements.

Non-U.S. Regulated Broker-Dealer Subsidiaries. The firm’s principal non-U.S. regulated broker-dealer subsidiaries include Goldman Sachs International (GSI) and Goldman Sachs Japan Co., Ltd. (GSJCL). GSI, the firm’s U.K. broker-dealer, is regulated by the PRA and the FCA. GSJCL, the firm’s Japanese broker-dealer, is regulated by Japan’s Financial Services Agency. These and certain other non-U.S. subsidiaries of the firm are also subject to capital adequacy requirements promulgated by authorities of the countries in which they operate. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, these subsidiaries were in compliance with their local capital adequacy requirements.

Restrictions on Payments

Group Inc.’s ability to withdraw capital from its regulated subsidiaries is limited by minimum equity capital requirements applicable to those subsidiaries, provisions of applicable law and regulations and other regulatory restrictions that limit the ability of those subsidiaries to declare and pay dividends without prior regulatory approval (e.g., the amount of dividends that may be paid by GS Bank USA is limited to the lesser of the amounts calculated under a recent earnings test and an undivided profits test) even if the relevant subsidiary would satisfy the equity capital requirements applicable to it after giving effect to the dividend. For example, the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC and the New York State Department of Financial Services have authority to prohibit or to limit the payment of dividends by the banking organizations they supervise (including GS Bank USA) if, in the relevant regulator’s opinion, payment of a dividend would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice in the light of the financial condition of the banking organization.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, Group Inc. was required to maintain $52.49 billion and $46.49 billion, respectively, of minimum equity capital in its regulated subsidiaries in order to satisfy the regulatory requirements of such subsidiaries.

Other

The deposits of GS Bank USA are insured by the FDIC to the extent provided by law. The Federal Reserve Board requires that GS Bank USA maintain cash reserves with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The amount deposited by GS Bank USA at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York was $47.39 billion and $74.24 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, which exceeded required reserve amounts by $47.31 billion and $74.09 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

75 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 21.

Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share (EPS) is calculated by dividing net earnings applicable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and RSUs for which no future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock (collectively, basic shares). Diluted EPS includes the determinants of basic EPS and, in addition, reflects the dilutive effect of the common stock deliverable for stock options and for RSUs for which future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock.

The table below presents the computations of basic and diluted EPS.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
in millions, except per share amounts		2017	2016		2017	2016
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders		$2,035	$2,100		$5,828	$4,934
Weighted average number of basic shares		398.2	422.4		405.6	431.5
Effect of dilutive securities:
RSUs		5.4	4.8		5.0	4.3
Stock options		2.1	3.0		2.4	3.0
Dilutive securities		7.5	7.8		7.4	7.3
Weighted average number of basic shares and dilutive securities		405.7	430.2		413.0	438.8
Basic EPS		$  5.09	$  4.96		$14.32	$11.40
Diluted EPS		$  5.02	$  4.88		$14.11	$11.24

In the table above, unvested share-based awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are treated as a separate class of securities in calculating EPS. The impact of applying this methodology was a reduction in basic EPS of $0.02 and $0.01 for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $0.05 and $0.03 for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively.

The diluted EPS computations in the table above do not include antidilutive RSUs and common shares underlying antidilutive stock options of less than 0.1 million for both the three and nine months ended September 2017, and 6.0 million and 6.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 2016, respectively.

Note 22.

Transactions with Affiliated Funds

The firm has formed numerous nonconsolidated investment funds with third-party investors. As the firm generally acts as the investment manager for these funds, it is entitled to receive management fees and, in certain cases, advisory fees or incentive fees from these funds. Additionally, the firm invests alongside the third-party investors in certain funds.

The tables below present fees earned from affiliated funds, fees receivable from affiliated funds and the aggregate carrying value of the firm’s interests in affiliated funds.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Fees earned from funds		$733	$704		$2,158	$1,949
				As of
$ in millions					September 2017	December 2016
Fees receivable from funds					$   684	$   554
Aggregate carrying value of interests in funds					$5,820	$6,841

The firm may periodically determine to waive certain management fees on selected money market funds. Management fees waived were $24 million and $26 million for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $73 million and $79 million for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively. The Volcker Rule restricts the firm from providing financial support to covered funds (as defined in the rule) after the expiration of the conformance period. As a general matter, in the ordinary course of business, the firm does not expect to provide additional voluntary financial support to any covered funds but may choose to do so with respect to funds that are not subject to the Volcker Rule; however, in the event that such support is provided, the amount is not expected to be material.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had an outstanding guarantee, as permitted under the Volcker Rule, on behalf of its funds of $154 million and $300 million, respectively. The firm has voluntarily provided this guarantee in connection with a financing agreement with a third-party lender executed by one of the firm’s real estate funds that is not covered by the Volcker Rule. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, except as noted above, the firm has not provided any additional financial support to its affiliated funds.

In addition, in the ordinary course of business, the firm may also engage in other activities with its affiliated funds including, among others, securities lending, trade execution, market making, custody, and acquisition and bridge financing. See Note 18 for the firm’s investment commitments related to these funds.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 76

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Note 23.

Interest Income and Interest Expense

Interest is recorded over the life of the instrument on an accrual basis based on contractual interest rates. The table below presents the firm’s sources of interest income and interest expense.

	Three Months Ended September				Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016			2017	2016
Interest income
Deposits with banks		$   212	$   116			$   567	$   320
Collateralized agreements		448	182			1,126	500
Financial instruments owned		1,492	1,299			4,336	4,171
Loans receivable		693	483			1,893	1,327
Other interest		566	309			1,455	949
Total interest income		3,411	2,389			9,377	7,267
Interest expense
Deposits		381	233			970	627
Collateralized financings		242	112			590	354
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		343	312			1,048	943
Short-term secured and unsecured borrowings		200	105			512	341
Long-term secured and unsecured borrowings		1,111	1,064			3,411	2,949
Other interest		404	(51	)		812	(198	)
Total interest expense		2,681	1,775			7,343	5,016
Net interest income		$   730	$   614			$2,034	$2,251

In the table above:

• Collateralized agreements includes rebates paid and interest income on securities borrowed.

• Other interest income includes interest income on customer debit balances and other interest-earning assets.

• Other interest expense includes rebates received on other interest-bearing liabilities and interest expense on customer credit balances.

Note 24.

Income Taxes

Provision for Income Taxes

Income taxes are provided for using the asset and liability method under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The firm reports interest expense related to income tax matters in “Provision for taxes” and income tax penalties in “Other expenses.”

Deferred Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years and are measured using the tax rates and laws that will be in effect when such differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that more likely than not will be realized and primarily relate to the ability to utilize losses in various tax jurisdictions. Tax assets and liabilities are presented as a component of “Other assets” and “Other liabilities and accrued expenses,” respectively.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The firm recognizes tax positions in the condensed consolidated financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination by the relevant taxing authority based on the technical merits of the position. A position that meets this standard is measured at the largest amount of benefit that will more likely than not be realized on settlement. A liability is established for differences between positions taken in a tax return and amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Regulatory Tax Examinations

The firm is subject to examination by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and other taxing authorities in jurisdictions where the firm has significant business operations, such as the United Kingdom, Japan, Hong Kong and various states, such as New York. The tax years under examination vary by jurisdiction. The firm does not expect completion of these audits to have a material impact on the firm’s financial condition but it may be material to operating results for a particular period, depending, in part, on the operating results for that period.

77 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below presents the earliest tax years that remain subject to examination by major jurisdiction.

Jurisdiction	As of September 2017
U.S. Federal	2011
New York State and City	2007
United Kingdom	2014
Japan	2014
Hong Kong	2011

U.S. Federal examinations of 2011 and 2012 began in 2013. The firm has been accepted into the Compliance Assurance Process program by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service for each of the tax years from 2013 through 2017. This program allows the firm to work with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service to identify and resolve potential U.S. federal tax issues before the filing of tax returns. The 2013 through 2016 tax years remain subject to post-filing review.

New York State and City examinations for the firm (excluding GS Bank USA) of fiscal 2007 through calendar 2010 are ongoing. New York State and City examinations for GS Bank USA have been completed through 2014.

During the first quarter of 2017, the firm concluded examinations with the Hong Kong tax authorities related to 2007 through 2015, with 2011 through 2015 subject to final review. The completion of these examinations did not have a material impact on the firm’s effective income tax rate.

All years including and subsequent to the years in the table above remain open to examination by the taxing authorities. The firm believes that the liability for unrecognized tax benefits it has established is adequate in relation to the potential for additional assessments.

Note 25.

Business Segments

The firm reports its activities in the following four business segments: Investment Banking, Institutional Client Services, Investing & Lending and Investment Management.

Basis of Presentation

In reporting segments, certain of the firm’s business lines have been aggregated where they have similar economic characteristics and are similar in each of the following areas: (i) the nature of the services they provide, (ii) their methods of distribution, (iii) the types of clients they serve and (iv) the regulatory environments in which they operate.

The cost drivers of the firm taken as a whole, compensation, headcount and levels of business activity, are broadly similar in each of the firm’s business segments. Compensation and benefits expenses in the firm’s segments reflect, among other factors, the overall performance of the firm, as well as the performance of individual businesses. Consequently, pre-tax margins in one segment of the firm’s business may be significantly affected by the performance of the firm’s other business segments.

The firm allocates assets (including allocations of global core liquid assets and cash, secured client financing and other assets), revenues and expenses among the four business segments. Due to the integrated nature of these segments, estimates and judgments are made in allocating certain assets, revenues and expenses. The allocation process is based on the manner in which management currently views the performance of the segments. Transactions between segments are based on specific criteria or approximate third-party rates.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 78

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The table below presents the firm’s net revenues, pre-tax earnings and total assets by segment. Management believes that this information provides a reasonable representation of each segment’s contribution to consolidated pre-tax earnings and total assets.

	Three Months Ended or as of September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking
Financial Advisory		$       911	$       658		$  2,416	$  2,223
Equity underwriting		212	227		783	679
Debt underwriting		674	652		2,031	1,885
Total Underwriting		886	879		2,814	2,564
Total net revenues		1,797	1,537		5,230	4,787
Operating expenses		946	863		2,905	2,720
Pre-tax earnings		$       851	$       674		$  2,325	$  2,067
Segment assets		$    2,797	$    2,245
Institutional Client Services
FICC Client Execution		$    1,452	$    1,964		$  4,296	$  5,554
Equities client execution		584	678		1,823	1,735
Commissions and fees		681	719		2,183	2,342
Securities services		403	387		1,228	1,241
Total Equities		1,668	1,784		5,234	5,318
Total net revenues		3,120	3,748		9,530	10,872
Operating expenses		2,331	2,526		7,276	7,649
Pre-tax earnings		$       789	$    1,222		$  2,254	$  3,223
Segment assets		$694,358	$667,105
Investing & Lending
Equity securities		$    1,391	$       920		$  3,369	$  1,546
Debt securities and loans		492	478		1,554	1,050
Total net revenues		1,883	1,398		4,923	2,596
Operating expenses		855	690		2,368	1,714
Pre-tax earnings		$    1,028	$       708		$  2,555	$     882
Segment assets		$220,273	$195,774
Investment Management
Management and other fees		$    1,272	$    1,225		$  3,775	$  3,571
Incentive fees		86	114		288	197
Transaction revenues		168	146		493	415
Total net revenues		1,526	1,485		4,556	4,183
Operating expenses		1,218	1,221		3,666	3,448
Pre-tax earnings		$       308	$       264		$     890	$     735
Segment assets		$  12,704	$  14,863
Total net revenues		$    8,326	$    8,168		$24,239	$22,438
Total operating expenses		5,350	5,300		16,215	15,531
Total pre-tax earnings		$    2,976	$    2,868		$  8,024	$  6,907
Total assets		$930,132	$879,987

In the table above:

• Revenues and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining pre-tax earnings.

• Net revenues in the firm’s segments include allocations of interest income and interest expense to specific securities, commodities and other positions in relation to the cash generated by, or funding requirements of, such underlying positions. Net interest is included in segment net revenues as it is consistent with the way in which management assesses segment performance.

• Overhead expenses not directly allocable to specific segments are allocated ratably based on direct segment expenses.

The table below presents the amounts of net interest income by segment included in net revenues.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking		$    –	$    –		$       –	$       –
Institutional Client Services		327	314		902	1,463
Investing & Lending		329	235		921	618
Investment Management		74	65		211	170
Total net interest income		$730	$614		$2,034	$2,251

The table below presents the amounts of depreciation and amortization expense by segment included in pre-tax earnings.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking		$  34	$  32		$   100	$     95
Institutional Client Services		127	118		372	346
Investing & Lending		70	52		191	165
Investment Management		49	45		139	125
Total depreciation and amortization		$280	$247		$   802	$   731

79 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Geographic Information

Due to the highly integrated nature of international financial markets, the firm manages its businesses based on the profitability of the enterprise as a whole. The methodology for allocating profitability to geographic regions is dependent on estimates and management judgment because a significant portion of the firm’s activities require cross-border coordination in order to facilitate the needs of the firm’s clients.

Geographic results are generally allocated as follows:

• Investment Banking: location of the client and investment banking team.

• Institutional Client Services: FICC Client Execution, and Equities (excluding Securities Services): location of the market-making desk; Securities Services: location of the primary market for the underlying security.

• Investing & Lending: Investing: location of the investment; Lending: location of the client.

• Investment Management: location of the sales team.

The tables below present the total net revenues and pre-tax earnings of the firm by geographic region allocated based on the methodology referred to above, as well as the percentage of total net revenues and pre-tax earnings for each geographic region.

	Three Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016
Net revenues
Americas		$  4,870	58%	$  4,695	58%
EMEA		2,062	25%	2,079	25%
Asia		1,394	17%	1,394	17%
Total net revenues		$  8,326	100%	$  8,168	100%
Pre-tax earnings
Americas		$  1,696	57%	$  1,609	56%
EMEA		766	26%	716	25%
Asia		514	17%	543	19%
Total pre-tax earnings		$  2,976	100%	$  2,868	100%

	Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016
Net revenues
Americas		$14,603	60%	$13,395	60%
EMEA		6,081	25%	5,937	26%
Asia		3,555	15%	3,106	14%
Total net revenues		$24,239	100%	$22,438	100%
Pre-tax earnings
Americas		$  4,786	60%	$  4,099	59%
EMEA		2,098	26%	1,861	27%
Asia		1,140	14%	947	14%
Total pre-tax earnings		$  8,024	100%	$  6,907	100%

In the tables above:

• Substantially all of the amounts in Americas were attributable to the U.S.

• EMEA represents Europe, Middle East and Africa.

• Asia includes Australia and New Zealand.

Note 26.

Credit Concentrations

The firm’s concentrations of credit risk arise from its market making, client facilitation, investing, underwriting, lending and collateralized transactions, and cash management activities, and may be impacted by changes in economic, industry or political factors. These activities expose the firm to many different industries and counterparties, and may also subject the firm to a concentration of credit risk to a particular central bank, counterparty, borrower or issuer, including sovereign issuers, or to a particular clearing house or exchange. The firm seeks to mitigate credit risk by actively monitoring exposures and obtaining collateral from counterparties as deemed appropriate.

The firm measures and monitors its credit exposure based on amounts owed to the firm after taking into account risk mitigants that management considers when determining credit risk. Such risk mitigants include netting and collateral arrangements and economic hedges, such as credit derivatives, futures and forward contracts. Netting and collateral agreements permit the firm to offset receivables and payables with such counterparties and/or enable the firm to obtain collateral on an upfront or contingent basis.

The table below presents the credit concentrations in cash instruments held by the firm and included in “Financial instruments owned.”

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
U.S. government and agency obligations		$74,392	$57,657
% of total assets		8.0%	6.7%
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		$39,691	$29,381
% of total assets		4.3%	3.4%

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 80

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

In addition, as of September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had $84.44 billion and $94.72 billion, respectively, of cash deposits held at central banks (included in “Cash and cash equivalents”), of which $47.39 billion and $74.24 billion, respectively, was held at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm did not have credit exposure to any other counterparty that exceeded 2% of total assets.

Collateral obtained by the firm related to derivative assets is principally cash and is held by the firm or a third-party custodian. Collateral obtained by the firm related to resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions is primarily U.S. government and agency obligations and non-U.S. government and agency obligations. See Note 10 for further information about collateralized agreements and financings.

The table below presents U.S. government and agency obligations and non-U.S. government and agency obligations that collateralize resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
U.S. government and agency obligations		$73,483	$89,721
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		$86,107	$80,234

In the table above:

• Non-U.S. government and agency obligations primarily consist of securities issued by the governments of Japan, France, the U.K. and Germany.

• Given that the firm’s primary credit exposure on such transactions is to the counterparty to the transaction, the firm would be exposed to the collateral issuer only in the event of counterparty default.

Note 27.

Legal Proceedings

The firm is involved in a number of judicial, regulatory and arbitration proceedings (including those described below) concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of the firm’s businesses. Many of these proceedings are in early stages, and many of these cases seek an indeterminate amount of damages.

Under ASC 450, an event is “reasonably possible” if “the chance of the future event or events occurring is more than remote but less than likely” and an event is “remote” if “the chance of the future event or events occurring is slight.” Thus, references to the upper end of the range of reasonably possible loss for cases in which the firm is able to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss mean the upper end of the range of loss for cases for which the firm believes the risk of loss is more than slight.

With respect to matters described below for which management has been able to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss where (i) actual or potential plaintiffs have claimed an amount of money damages, (ii) the firm is being, or threatened to be, sued by purchasers in a securities offering and is not being indemnified by a party that the firm believes will pay the full amount of any judgment, or (iii) the purchasers are demanding that the firm repurchase securities, management has estimated the upper end of the range of reasonably possible loss as being equal to (a) in the case of (i), the amount of money damages claimed, (b) in the case of (ii), the difference between the initial sales price of the securities that the firm sold in such offering and the estimated lowest subsequent price of such securities prior to the action being commenced and (c) in the case of (iii), the price that purchasers paid for the securities less the estimated value, if any, as of September 2017 of the relevant securities, in each of cases (i), (ii) and (iii), taking into account any other factors believed to be relevant to the particular matter or matters of that type. As of the date hereof, the firm has estimated the upper end of the range of reasonably possible aggregate loss for such matters and for any other matters described below where management has been able to estimate a range of reasonably possible aggregate loss to be approximately $1.6 billion in excess of the aggregate reserves for such matters.

81 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Management is generally unable to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss for matters other than those included in the estimate above, including where (i) actual or potential plaintiffs have not claimed an amount of money damages, except in those instances where management can otherwise determine an appropriate amount, (ii) matters are in early stages, (iii) matters relate to regulatory investigations or reviews, except in those instances where management can otherwise determine an appropriate amount, (iv) there is uncertainty as to the likelihood of a class being certified or the ultimate size of the class, (v) there is uncertainty as to the outcome of pending appeals or motions, (vi) there are significant factual issues to be resolved, and/or (vii) there are novel legal issues presented. For example, the firm’s potential liabilities with respect to future mortgage-related “put-back” claims described below may ultimately result in an increase in the firm’s liabilities, but are not included in management’s estimate of reasonably possible loss. As another example, the firm’s potential liabilities with respect to the investigations and reviews described below in “Regulatory Investigations and Reviews and Related Litigation” also generally are not included in management’s estimate of reasonably possible loss. However, management does not believe, based on currently available information, that the outcomes of such other matters will have a material adverse effect on the firm’s financial condition, though the outcomes could be material to the firm’s operating results for any particular period, depending, in part, upon the operating results for such period. See Note 18 for further information about mortgage-related contingencies.

Mortgage-Related Matters

Beginning in April 2010, a number of purported securities law class actions were filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York challenging the adequacy of Group Inc.’s public disclosure of, among other things, the firm’s activities in the CDO market, the firm’s conflict of interest management, and the SEC investigation that led to GS&Co. entering into a consent agreement with the SEC, settling all claims made against GS&Co. by the SEC in connection with the ABACUS 2007-AC1 CDO offering (ABACUS 2007-AC1 transaction), pursuant to which GS&Co. paid $550 million of disgorgement and civil penalties.

The consolidated amended complaint filed on July 25, 2011, which names as defendants Group Inc. and certain current and former officers and employees of Group Inc. and its affiliates, generally alleges violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and seeks unspecified damages. On June 21, 2012, the district court dismissed the claims based on Group Inc.’s not disclosing that it had received a “Wells” notice from the staff of the SEC related to the ABACUS 2007-AC1 transaction, but permitted the plaintiffs’ other claims to proceed. The district court granted class certification on September 24, 2015, but the appellate court granted defendants’ petition for review on January 26, 2016. On February 1, 2016, the district court stayed proceedings in the district court pending the appellate court’s decision.

In June 2012, the Board received a demand from a shareholder that the Board investigate and take action relating to the firm’s mortgage-related activities and to stock sales by certain directors and executives of the firm. On February 15, 2013, this shareholder filed a putative shareholder derivative action in New York Supreme Court, New York County, against Group Inc. and certain current or former directors and employees, based on these activities and stock sales. The derivative complaint includes allegations of breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, abuse of control, gross mismanagement and corporate waste, and seeks, among other things, unspecified monetary damages, disgorgement of profits and certain corporate governance and disclosure reforms. On May 28, 2013, Group Inc. informed the shareholder that the Board completed its investigation and determined to refuse the demand. On June 20, 2013, the shareholder made a books and records demand requesting materials relating to the Board’s determination. The parties have agreed to stay proceedings in the putative derivative action pending resolution of the books and records demand.

In addition, the Board has received books and records demands from several shareholders for materials relating to, among other subjects, the firm’s mortgage servicing and foreclosure activities, participation in federal programs providing assistance to financial institutions and homeowners, loan sales to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, mortgage-related activities and conflicts management.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 82

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The firm has entered into agreements with Deutsche Bank National Trust Company and U.S. Bank National Association to toll the relevant statute of limitations with respect to claims for repurchase of residential mortgage loans based on alleged breaches of representations related to $11.1 billion original notional face amount of securitizations issued by trusts for which they act as trustees.

The firm has received subpoenas or requests for information from, and is engaged in discussions with, certain regulators and law enforcement agencies with which it has not entered into settlement agreements as part of inquiries or investigations relating to mortgage-related matters.

Director Compensation-Related Litigation

On May 9, 2017, Group Inc. and certain of its current and former directors were named as defendants in a purported direct and derivative shareholder action in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (a similar purported derivative action, filed in June 2015, alleging excessive director compensation over the period 2012 to 2014 was voluntarily dismissed without prejudice in December 2016). The new complaint alleges that excessive compensation has been paid to the non-employee director defendants since 2015, and that certain disclosures in connection with soliciting stockholder approval of the stock incentive plans were deficient. The complaint asserts claims for breaches of fiduciary duties and seeks, among other things, rescission or in some cases rescissory damages, disgorgement, and shareholder votes on several matters. Defendants moved to dismiss on July 28, 2017.

Currencies-Related Litigation

GS&Co. and Group Inc. are among the defendants named in putative class actions filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York beginning in September 2016 on behalf of putative indirect purchasers of foreign exchange instruments. The consolidated amended complaint, filed on June 30, 2017, generally alleges a conspiracy to manipulate the foreign currency exchange markets and asserts claims under federal and state antitrust laws and state consumer protection laws and seeks injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount. Defendants moved to dismiss on August 11, 2017.

Financial Advisory Services

Group Inc. and certain of its affiliates are from time to time parties to various civil litigation and arbitration proceedings and other disputes with clients and third parties relating to the firm’s financial advisory activities. These claims generally seek, among other things, compensatory damages and, in some cases, punitive damages, and in certain cases allege that the firm did not appropriately disclose or deal with conflicts of interest.

83 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Underwriting Litigation

Firm affiliates are among the defendants in a number of proceedings in connection with securities offerings. In these proceedings, including those described below, the plaintiffs assert class action or individual claims under federal and state securities laws and in some cases other applicable laws, allege that the offering documents for the securities that they purchased contained material misstatements and omissions, and generally seek compensatory and rescissory damages in unspecified amounts. Certain of these proceedings involve additional allegations.

Cobalt International Energy. Cobalt International Energy, Inc. (Cobalt), certain of its officers and directors (including employees of affiliates of Group Inc. who served as directors of Cobalt), affiliates of shareholders of Cobalt (including Group Inc.) and the underwriters (including GS&Co.) for certain offerings of Cobalt’s securities are defendants in a putative securities class action filed on November 30, 2014 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas. The second consolidated amended complaint, filed on March 15, 2017, relates to a $1.67 billion February 2012 offering of Cobalt common stock, a $1.38 billion December 2012 offering of Cobalt’s convertible notes, a $1.00 billion January 2013 offering of Cobalt’s common stock, a $1.33 billion May 2013 offering of Cobalt’s common stock, and a $1.30 billion May 2014 offering of Cobalt’s convertible notes.

The consolidated amended complaint alleges that, among others, Group Inc. and GS&Co. are liable as controlling persons with respect to all five offerings, and that the shareholder affiliates (including Group Inc.) are liable for the sale of Cobalt common stock on the basis of inside information. The consolidated amended complaint also seeks damages from GS&Co. in connection with its acting as an underwriter of 16,594,500 shares of common stock representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $465 million, $690 million principal amount of convertible notes, and approximately $508 million principal amount of convertible notes in the February 2012, December 2012 and May 2014 offerings, respectively, for an aggregate offering price of approximately $1.66 billion.

On January 19, 2016, the court granted, with leave to replead, the underwriter defendants’ motions to dismiss as to claims by plaintiffs who purchased Cobalt securities after April 30, 2013, but denied the motions to dismiss in all other respects. On June 15, 2017, the court granted the plaintiffs’ motion for class certification and denied certain of the shareholder affiliates’ motions (including Group Inc.) to dismiss the claim alleging sales based on inside information. On August 4, 2017, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit granted defendants’ petition for interlocutory review of the class certification order. On August 23, 2017, the district court denied the defendants’ motion for reconsideration of certain aspects of the class certification order. The district court and the Fifth Circuit have denied defendants’ request to stay discovery pending resolution of the Fifth Circuit proceeding.

Cobalt, certain of its officers and directors (including employees of affiliates of Group Inc. who served as directors of Cobalt), certain shareholders of Cobalt (including funds affiliated with Group Inc.), and affiliates of these shareholders (including Group Inc.) are defendants in putative shareholder derivative actions filed on May 6, 2016 and November 29, 2016 in Texas District Court, Harris County. As to the director and officer defendants (including employees of affiliates of Group Inc. who served as directors of Cobalt), the petitions generally allege that they breached their fiduciary duties under state law by making materially false and misleading statements concerning Cobalt. As to the shareholder defendants and their affiliates (including Group Inc. and several affiliated funds), the original petition also alleges that they breached their fiduciary duties by selling Cobalt securities in the common stock offerings described above on the basis of inside information. The petitions seek, among other things, unspecified monetary damages and disgorgement of proceeds from the sale of Cobalt common stock. On March 6, 2017, the court denied defendants’ motion to dismiss the May petition as to the shareholder defendants and their affiliates (including Group Inc. and its affiliated funds). Defendants moved to dismiss the November petition on January 30, 2017.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 84

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Adeptus Health. GS&Co. is among the underwriters named as defendants in several putative securities class actions, filed beginning in October 2016 and consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. In addition to the underwriters, the defendants include Adeptus Health Inc. (Adeptus), its sponsor, and certain directors and officers of Adeptus. As to the underwriters, the complaints relate to the $124 million June 2014 initial public offering, the $154 million May 2015 secondary equity offering, the $411 million July 2015 secondary equity offering, and the $175 million June 2016 secondary equity offering. GS&Co. underwrote 1.69 million shares of common stock in the June 2014 initial public offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $37 million, 962,378 shares of common stock in the May 2015 offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $61 million, 1.76 million shares of common stock in the July 2015 offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $184 million, and all the shares of common stock in the June 2016 offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $175 million. On April 19, 2017, Adeptus filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

TerraForm Global and SunEdison. GS&Co. is among the underwriters, placement agents and initial purchasers named as defendants in several putative class actions and individual actions filed beginning in October 2015 relating to the $675 million July 2015 initial public offering of the common stock of TerraForm Global, Inc. (TerraForm Global), the August 2015 public offering of $650 million of SunEdison convertible preferred stock, the June 2015 private placement of $335 million of TerraForm Global Class D units, and the August 2015 Rule 144A offering of $810 million principal amount of TerraForm Global senior notes. SunEdison is TerraForm Global’s controlling shareholder and sponsor. Beginning in October 2016, the pending cases were transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York.

On January 16, 2017, certain plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint relating to TerraForm Global’s initial public offering, and, on March 17, 2017, certain plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint relating to SunEdison’s convertible preferred stock offering. The defendants also include TerraForm Global, SunEdison and certain of their directors and officers. Defendants moved to dismiss the class action complaints on June 9, 2017.

TerraForm Global sold 154,800 Class D units, representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $155 million, to the individual plaintiffs. GS&Co., as underwriter, sold 138,890 shares of SunEdison convertible preferred stock in the offering, representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $139 million and sold 2,340,000 shares of TerraForm Global common stock in the initial public offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $35 million. GS&Co., as initial purchaser, sold approximately $49 million principal amount of TerraForm Global senior notes in the Rule 144A offering. On April 21, 2016, SunEdison filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

Valeant Pharmaceuticals International. GS&Co. and Goldman Sachs Canada Inc. (GS Canada) are among the underwriters and initial purchasers named as defendants in a putative class action filed on March 2, 2016 in the Superior Court of Quebec, Canada. In addition to the underwriters and initial purchasers, the defendants include Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. (Valeant), certain directors and officers of Valeant and Valeant’s auditor. As to GS&Co. and GS Canada, the complaint relates to the June 2013 public offering of $2.3 billion of common stock, the June 2013 Rule 144A offering of $3.2 billion principal amount of senior notes, and the November 2013 Rule 144A offering of $900 million principal amount of senior notes. The complaint asserts claims under the Quebec Securities Act and the Civil Code of Quebec. On August 29, 2017, the court certified a class that includes only non-U.S. purchasers in the offerings. On October 11, 2017, a motion for leave to appeal the certification decision was filed with the Quebec Court of Appeal.

85 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

GS&Co. and GS Canada, as sole underwriters, sold 5,334,897 shares of common stock in the June 2013 offering to non-U.S. purchasers representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $453 million and, as initial purchasers, had a proportional share of sales to non-U.S. purchasers of approximately CAD14.2 million in principal amount of senior notes in the June 2013 and November 2013 Rule 144A offerings.

Snap Inc. GS&Co. is among the underwriters named as defendants in putative securities class actions pending in California Superior Court, County of Los Angeles and the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California beginning in May 2017, relating to Snap Inc.’s $3.91 billion March 2017 initial public offering. Plaintiffs have filed a motion to remand one of the actions in federal court to California Superior Court, County of San Mateo. In addition to the underwriters, the defendants include Snap Inc. and certain of its officers and directors. GS&Co. underwrote 57,040,000 shares of common stock representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $970 million.

Investment Management Services

Group Inc. and certain of its affiliates are parties to various civil litigation and arbitration proceedings and other disputes with clients relating to losses allegedly sustained as a result of the firm’s investment management services. These claims generally seek, among other things, restitution or other compensatory damages and, in some cases, punitive damages.

Interest Rate Swap Antitrust Litigation

Group Inc., GS&Co., GSI, GS Bank USA and Goldman Sachs Financial Markets, L.P. (GSFM) are among the defendants named in a putative antitrust class action relating to the trading of interest rate swaps, filed in November 2015 and consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. Group Inc., GS&Co., GSI, GS Bank USA and GSFM also are among the defendants named in an antitrust action relating to the trading of interest rate swaps filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York in April 2016 by two operators of swap execution facilities and certain of their affiliates. These actions have been consolidated for pretrial proceedings. The second consolidated amended complaint in both actions, filed on December 9, 2016, generally asserts claims under federal antitrust law and state common law in connection with an alleged conspiracy among the defendants to preclude exchange trading of interest rate swaps. The complaint in the individual action also asserts claims under state antitrust law. The complaints seek declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount. Defendants moved to dismiss both actions on January 20, 2017. On July 28, 2017, the district court issued a decision dismissing the state common law claims asserted by the plaintiffs in the individual action and otherwise limiting the antitrust claims in both actions to the period from 2013 to 2016.

Securities Lending Antitrust Litigation

Group Inc. and GS&Co. are among the defendants named in a putative antitrust class action relating to securities lending practices filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York on August 16, 2017. The complaint generally asserts claims under federal antitrust law and state common law in connection with an alleged conspiracy among the defendants to preclude the development of electronic platforms for securities lending transactions. The complaint seeks declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 86

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Credit Default Swap Antitrust Litigation

Group Inc., GS&Co., GSI, GS Bank USA and GSFM are among the defendants named in an antitrust action relating to the trading of credit default swaps filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York on June 8, 2017 by the operator of a swap execution facility and certain of its affiliates. The complaint generally asserts claims under federal and state antitrust laws and state common law in connection with an alleged conspiracy among the defendants to preclude trading of credit default swaps on the plaintiffs’ swap execution facility. The complaint seeks declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount. Defendants moved to dismiss on September 11, 2017.

Commodities-Related Litigation

GSI is among the defendants named in putative class actions relating to trading in platinum and palladium, filed beginning on November 25, 2014 and most recently amended on May 15, 2017, in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. The third consolidated amended complaint generally alleges that the defendants violated federal antitrust laws and the Commodity Exchange Act in connection with an alleged conspiracy to manipulate a benchmark for physical platinum and palladium prices and seek declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount. Defendants moved to dismiss the third consolidated amended complaint on July 21, 2017.

U.S. Treasury Securities Litigation

GS&Co. is among the primary dealers named as defendants in several putative class actions relating to the market for U.S. Treasury securities, filed beginning in July 2015 and consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. GS&Co. is also among the primary dealers named as defendants in a similar individual action filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York on August 25, 2017. The complaints generally allege that the defendants violated the federal antitrust laws and the Commodity Exchange Act in connection with an alleged conspiracy to manipulate the when-issued market and auctions for U.S. Treasury securities, as well as related futures and options, and seek declaratory and injunctive relief, treble damages in an unspecified amount and restitution.

Employment-Related Matters

On September 15, 2010, a putative class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York by three female former employees alleging that Group Inc. and GS&Co. have systematically discriminated against female employees in respect of compensation, promotion, assignments, mentoring and performance evaluations. The complaint alleges a class consisting of all female employees employed at specified levels in specified areas by Group Inc. and GS&Co. since July 2002, and asserts claims under federal and New York City discrimination laws. The complaint seeks class action status, injunctive relief and unspecified amounts of compensatory, punitive and other damages.

On July 17, 2012, the district court issued a decision granting in part Group Inc.’s and GS&Co.’s motion to strike certain of plaintiffs’ class allegations on the ground that plaintiffs lacked standing to pursue certain equitable remedies and denying Group Inc.’s and GS&Co.’s motion to strike plaintiffs’ class allegations in their entirety as premature. On March 21, 2013, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit held that arbitration should be compelled with one of the named plaintiffs, who as a managing director was a party to an arbitration agreement with the firm. On March 10, 2015, the magistrate judge to whom the district judge assigned the remaining plaintiffs’ May 2014 motion for class certification recommended that the motion be denied in all respects. On August 3, 2015, the magistrate judge granted the plaintiffs’ motion to intervene two female individuals, one of whom was employed by the firm as of September 2010 and the other of whom ceased to be an employee of the firm subsequent to the magistrate judge’s decision. On June 6, 2016, the district court affirmed the magistrate judge’s decision on intervention. On August 30, 2017, the district court vacated that portion of the magistrate judge’s March 10, 2015 decision that recommended denial of plaintiffs’ motion for certification of an injunctive and declaratory judgment class and referred to the magistrate judge the issue of what additional discovery is needed in connection with consideration of that motion.

87 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB)-Related Matters

The firm has received subpoenas and requests for documents and information from various governmental and regulatory bodies and self-regulatory organizations as part of investigations and reviews relating to financing transactions and other matters involving 1MDB, a sovereign wealth fund in Malaysia. The firm is cooperating with all such governmental and regulatory investigations and reviews.

Regulatory Investigations and Reviews and Related Litigation

Group Inc. and certain of its affiliates are subject to a number of other investigations and reviews by, and in some cases have received subpoenas and requests for documents and information from, various governmental and regulatory bodies and self-regulatory organizations and litigation and shareholder requests relating to various matters relating to the firm’s businesses and operations, including:

• The 2008 financial crisis;

• The public offering process;

• The firm’s investment management and financial advisory services;

• Conflicts of interest;

• Research practices, including research independence and interactions between research analysts and other firm personnel, including investment banking personnel, as well as third parties;

• Transactions involving government-related financings and other matters, municipal securities, including wall-cross procedures and conflict of interest disclosure with respect to state and municipal clients, the trading and structuring of municipal derivative instruments in connection with municipal offerings, political contribution rules, municipal advisory services and the possible impact of credit default swap transactions on municipal issuers;

• The offering, auction, sales, trading and clearance of corporate and government securities, currencies, commodities and other financial products and related sales and other communications and activities, as well as the firm’s supervision and controls relating to such activities, including compliance with the SEC’s short sale rule, algorithmic, high-frequency and quantitative trading, the firm’s U.S. alternative trading system (dark pool), futures trading, options trading, when-issued trading, transaction reporting, technology systems and controls, securities lending practices, trading and clearance of credit derivative instruments and interest rate swaps, commodities activities and metals storage, private placement practices, allocations of and trading in securities, and trading activities and communications in connection with the establishment of benchmark rates, such as currency rates;

• Compliance with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act;

• The firm’s hiring and compensation practices;

• The firm’s system of risk management and controls; and

• Insider trading, the potential misuse and dissemination of material nonpublic information regarding corporate and governmental developments and the effectiveness of the firm’s insider trading controls and information barriers.

The firm is cooperating with all such governmental and regulatory investigations and reviews.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 88

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and the Shareholders of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.:

We have reviewed the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of financial condition of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the Company) as of September 30, 2017, the related condensed consolidated statements of earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the condensed consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016. These condensed consolidated interim financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management.

We conducted our review in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). A review of interim financial information consists principally of applying analytical procedures and making inquiries of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters. It is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the objective of which is the expression of an opinion regarding the financial statements taken as a whole. Accordingly, we do not express such an opinion.

Based on our review, we are not aware of any material modifications that should be made to the accompanying condensed consolidated interim financial statements for them to be in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We previously audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statement of financial condition as of December 31, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended (not presented herein), and in our report dated February 24, 2017, we expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. In our opinion, the information set forth in the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of financial condition as of December 31, 2016, and the condensed consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ equity for the year ended December 31, 2016, is fairly stated in all material respects in relation to the consolidated financial statements from which it has been derived.

/s/ PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP

New York, New York

November 2, 2017

89 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Statistical Disclosures

Distribution of Assets, Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity

The tables below present a summary of average balances, interest and interest rates.

	Average Balance for the
	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Assets
U.S.		$  61,235	$  78,470		$  67,305	$  69,593
Non-U.S.		55,009	31,145		41,569	32,182
Total deposits with banks		116,244	109,615		108,874	101,775
U.S.		151,965	166,864		160,533	180,016
Non-U.S.		140,625	134,617		131,913	131,847
Total collateralized agreements		292,590	301,481		292,446	311,863
U.S.		168,452	145,958		162,624	148,931
Non-U.S.		115,564	106,532		110,082	102,336
Total financial instruments owned		284,016	252,490		272,706	251,267
U.S.		51,953	43,763		48,513	42,960
Non-U.S.		4,779	4,294		4,516	4,703
Total loans receivable		56,732	48,057		53,029	47,663
U.S.		39,944	39,678		38,346	37,273
Non-U.S.		40,230	31,030		39,947	31,749
Total other interest-earning assets		80,174	70,708		78,293	69,022
Total interest-earning assets		829,756	782,351		805,348	781,590
Cash and due from banks		10,899	12,624		11,433	14,330
Other non-interest-earning assets		86,381	92,618		83,549	92,103
Total assets		$927,036	$887,593		$900,330	$888,023
Liabilities
U.S.		$  99,220	$104,189		$  99,852	$  95,280
Non-U.S.		27,042	18,398		23,188	17,484
Total interest-bearing deposits		126,262	122,587		123,040	112,764
U.S.		58,050	51,888		55,896	53,672
Non-U.S.		40,934	30,590		38,608	31,555
Total collateralized financings		98,984	82,478		94,504	85,227
U.S.		36,169	33,257		34,067	36,182
Non-U.S.		44,889	35,576		41,630	35,866
Total financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		81,058	68,833		75,697	72,048
U.S.		39,644	44,488		37,512	44,589
Non-U.S.		14,136	13,721		13,311	14,168
Total short-term borrowings		53,780	58,209		50,823	58,757
U.S.		202,111	183,846		196,408	181,818
Non-U.S.		15,894	10,864		13,896	10,065
Total long-term borrowings		218,005	194,710		210,304	191,883
U.S.		137,107	146,726		135,770	148,792
Non-U.S.		61,910	58,196		60,739	60,599
Total other interest-bearing liabilities		199,017	204,922		196,509	209,391
Total interest-bearing liabilities		777,106	731,739		750,877	730,070
Non-interest-bearing deposits		3,621	3,305		3,552	2,877
Other non-interest-bearing  liabilities		60,087	65,900		59,406	68,414
Total liabilities		840,814	800,944		813,835	801,361
Shareholders’ equity
Preferred stock		11,203	11,366		11,203	11,335
Common stock		75,019	75,283		75,292	75,327
Total shareholders’ equity		86,222	86,649		86,495	86,662
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity		$927,036	$887,593		$900,330	$888,023
Percentage of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities attributable to non-U.S. operations
Assets		42.93%	39.32%		40.73%	38.74%
Liabilities		26.35%	22.87%		25.49%	23.25%

	Interest for the
	Three Months Ended September				Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016			2017	2016
Assets
U.S.		$   203	$     97			$   530	$   262
Non-U.S.		9	19			37	58
Total deposits with banks		212	116			567	320
U.S.		347	105			920	223
Non-U.S.		101	77			206	277
Total collateralized agreements		448	182			1,126	500
U.S.		981	863			2,924	2,846
Non-U.S.		511	436			1,412	1,325
Total financial instruments owned		1,492	1,299			4,336	4,171
U.S.		624	425			1,688	1,164
Non-U.S.		69	58			205	163
Total loans receivable		693	483			1,893	1,327
U.S.		399	230			1,066	685
Non-U.S.		167	79			389	264
Total other interest-earning assets		566	309			1,455	949
Total interest-earning assets		$3,411	$2,389			$9,377	$7,267
Liabilities
U.S.		$   331	$   207			$   842	$   556
Non-U.S.		50	26			128	71
Total interest-bearing deposits		381	233			970	627
U.S.		209	78			500	250
Non-U.S.		33	34			90	104
Total collateralized financings		242	112			590	354
U.S.		176	164			504	473
Non-U.S.		167	148			544	470
Total financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		343	312			1,048	943
U.S.		190	96			485	306
Non-U.S.		10	9			27	35
Total short-term borrowings		200	105			512	341
U.S.		1,095	1,055			3,367	2,906
Non-U.S.		16	9			44	43
Total long-term borrowings		1,111	1,064			3,411	2,949
U.S.		391	(132	)		567	(569	)
Non-U.S.		13	81			245	371
Total other interest-bearing liabilities		404	(51	)		812	(198	)
Total interest-bearing liabilities		$2,681	$1,775			$7,343	$5,016
Net interest income
U.S.		$   162	$   252			$   863	$1,258
Non-U.S.		568	362			1,171	993
Net interest income		$   730	$   614			$2,034	$2,251

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 90

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Statistical Disclosures

	Average Rate (annualized) for the
	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
		2017	2016		2017	2016
Assets
U.S.		1.32%	0.49%		1.05%	0.50%
Non-U.S.		0.06%	0.24%		0.12%	0.24%
Total deposits with banks		0.72%	0.42%		0.70%	0.42%
U.S.		0.91%	0.25%		0.77%	0.17%
Non-U.S.		0.28%	0.23%		0.21%	0.28%
Total collateralized agreements		0.61%	0.24%		0.51%	0.21%
U.S.		2.31%	2.35%		2.40%	2.55%
Non-U.S.		1.75%	1.63%		1.71%	1.73%
Total financial instruments owned		2.08%	2.05%		2.13%	2.22%
U.S.		4.77%	3.86%		4.65%	3.62%
Non-U.S.		5.73%	5.37%		6.07%	4.63%
Total loans receivable		4.85%	4.00%		4.77%	3.72%
U.S.		3.96%	2.31%		3.72%	2.45%
Non-U.S.		1.65%	1.01%		1.30%	1.11%
Total other interest-earning assets		2.80%	1.74%		2.48%	1.84%
Total interest-earning assets		1.63%	1.21%		1.56%	1.24%
Liabilities
U.S.		1.32%	0.79%		1.13%	0.78%
Non-U.S.		0.73%	0.56%		0.74%	0.54%
Total interest-bearing deposits		1.20%	0.76%		1.05%	0.74%
U.S.		1.43%	0.60%		1.20%	0.62%
Non-U.S.		0.32%	0.44%		0.31%	0.44%
Total collateralized financings		0.97%	0.54%		0.83%	0.55%
U.S.		1.93%	1.96%		1.98%	1.75%
Non-U.S.		1.48%	1.65%		1.75%	1.75%
Total financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		1.68%	1.80%		1.85%	1.75%
U.S.		1.90%	0.86%		1.73%	0.92%
Non-U.S.		0.28%	0.26%		0.27%	0.33%
Total short-term borrowings		1.48%	0.72%		1.35%	0.78%
U.S.		2.15%	2.28%		2.29%	2.13%
Non-U.S.		0.40%	0.33%		0.42%	0.57%
Total long-term borrowings		2.02%	2.17%		2.17%	2.05%
U.S.		1.13%	(0.36)%		0.56%	(0.51)%
Non-U.S.		0.08%	0.55%		0.54%	0.82%
Total other interest-bearing liabilities		0.81%	(0.10)%		0.55%	(0.13)%
Total interest-bearing liabilities		1.37%	0.97%		1.31%	0.92%
Interest rate spread		0.26%	0.24%		0.25%	0.32%
U.S.		0.14%	0.21%		0.24%	0.35%
Non-U.S.		0.63%	0.47%		0.48%	0.44%
Net yield on interest-earning assets		0.35%	0.31%		0.34%	0.38%

In the tables above:

• Assets, liabilities and interest are classified as U.S. and non-U.S. based on the location of the legal entity in which the assets and liabilities are held. See the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about such assets and liabilities.

• Derivative instruments and commodities are included in other non-interest-earning assets and other non-interest-bearing liabilities.

• Total other interest-earning assets primarily consists of certain receivables from customers and counterparties.

• Substantially all of the total other interest-bearing liabilities consists of certain payables to customers and counterparties.

• Interest rates for borrowings include the effects of interest rate swaps accounted for as hedges.

• In December 2016, the firm reclassified amounts related to cash and securities segregated for regulatory and other purposes that were previously included in total other interest-earning assets to total deposits with banks, total collateralized agreements, and total financial instruments owned. The firm also reclassified amounts related to cash segregated for regulatory and other purposes that were previously included in other non-interest-earning assets to cash and due from banks. Previously reported amounts have been conformed to the current presentation. See Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about this reclassification.

91 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Item 2.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Introduction

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (Group Inc. or parent company), a Delaware corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, is a leading global investment banking, securities and investment management firm that provides a wide range of financial services to a substantial and diversified client base that includes corporations, financial institutions, governments and individuals. Founded in 1869, we are headquartered in New York and maintain offices in all major financial centers around the world.

When we use the terms “the firm,” “we,” “us” and “our,” we mean Group Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. We report our activities in four business segments: Investment Banking, Institutional Client Services, Investing & Lending and Investment Management. See “Results of Operations” below for further information about our business segments.

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. References to “the 2016 Form 10-K” are to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. References to “this Form 10-Q” are to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017. All references to “the condensed consolidated financial statements” or “Statistical Disclosures” are to Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. All references to September 2017, June 2017 and September 2016 refer to our periods ended, or the dates, as the context requires, September 30, 2017, June 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively. All references to December 2016 refer to the date December 31, 2016. Any reference to a future year refers to a year ending on December  31 of that year. Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported amounts to conform to the current presentation.

Executive Overview

Three Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. We generated net earnings of $2.13 billion and diluted earnings per common share of $5.02 for the third quarter of 2017, an increase of 2% and 3%, respectively, compared with $2.09 billion and $4.88 per share for the third quarter of 2016. Annualized return on average common shareholders’ equity was 10.9% for the third quarter of 2017, compared with 11.2% for the third quarter of 2016. Book value per common share was $190.73 as of September 2017, 1.8% higher compared with June 2017.

Net revenues were $8.33 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 2% higher than the third quarter of 2016, due to significantly higher net revenues in Investing & Lending, higher net revenues in Investment Banking and slightly higher net revenues in Investment Management. These increases were partially offset by lower net revenues in Institutional Client Services, primarily reflecting significantly lower net revenues in Fixed Income, Currency and Commodities Client Execution (FICC Client Execution).

Operating expenses were $5.35 billion for the third quarter of 2017, essentially unchanged compared with the third quarter of 2016, as non-compensation expenses were slightly higher and compensation and benefits expenses were essentially unchanged.

Our Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio as calculated in accordance with the Standardized approach and the Basel III Advanced approach, in each case reflecting the applicable transitional provisions, was 13.3% and 12.0%, respectively. See Note 20 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our capital ratios.

We maintained strong liquidity as our global core liquid assets were $220 billion as of September 2017. See “Risk Management — Liquidity Risk Management” below for further information about our global core liquid assets.

Nine Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. We generated net earnings of $6.21 billion and diluted earnings per common share of $14.11 for the first nine months of 2017, an increase of 23% and 26%, respectively, compared with $5.05 billion and $11.24 per share for the first nine months of 2016. Annualized return on average common shareholders’ equity was 10.3% for the first nine months of 2017, compared with 8.7% for the first nine months of 2016.

In the first quarter of 2017, as required, we adopted ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718) — Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” The impact from adoption in the first nine months of 2017 was a reduction to our provision for taxes of $496 million, which increased diluted earnings per common share by $1.20 and annualized return on average common shareholders’ equity by 0.9 percentage points. See Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about this ASU.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 92

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Net revenues were $24.24 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 8% higher than the first nine months of 2016, due to significantly higher net revenues in Investing & Lending and higher net revenues in both Investment Banking and Investment Management. These results were partially offset by lower net revenues in Institutional Client Services, primarily reflecting significantly lower net revenues in FICC Client Execution.

Operating expenses were $16.22 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 4% higher than the first nine months of 2016, due to slightly higher compensation and benefits expenses, reflecting an increase in net revenues, and slightly higher non-compensation expenses.

Business Environment

Global

During the third quarter of 2017, global economic growth was mixed compared with the previous quarter. Real gross domestic product (GDP) growth remained stable in the U.S. and China, increased slightly in the U.K., decreased slightly in the Euro area and appeared to decrease in Japan. Similar to the first half of 2017, global macroeconomic data remained strong throughout the third quarter, and volatility in equity, fixed income, currency and commodity markets remained low. Germany held a federal election in September 2017, but it did not result in a significant increase in volatility across markets. In September, the U.S. Federal Reserve formally announced the process of balance sheet normalization, beginning in October. The price of crude oil (WTI) ended the quarter at approximately $52 per barrel, an increase of 12% from the end of the second quarter. In investment banking, industry-wide announced mergers and acquisitions volumes increased compared with the second quarter of 2017, while industry-wide completed mergers and acquisitions volumes decreased slightly, but remained solid. In addition, industry-wide debt and equity underwriting offerings decreased compared with the second quarter of 2017.

United States

In the U.S., real GDP growth remained stable compared with the previous quarter, as the pace of domestic demand growth was relatively firm despite the negative impact of hurricanes in the region. Measures of consumer confidence were mixed, and the pace of housing starts and home sales were essentially unchanged compared with the second quarter of 2017. The unemployment rate was 4.2% as of September 2017, slightly lower than the end of the second quarter, and measures of inflation were essentially unchanged. In September, the U.S. Federal Reserve formally announced the process of balance sheet normalization. Previously, the U.S. Federal Reserve reinvested all proceeds from the maturation of bonds on its balance sheet, but beginning in October 2017, $6 billion of U.S. Treasury securities and $4 billion of agency debt and mortgage-backed securities will be allowed to mature each month without reinvestment of the proceeds. These monthly allowances will rise gradually over time to peak levels of $30 billion and $20 billion, respectively. The yield on the 10-year U.S. Treasury note ended the quarter at 2.33%, 3 basis points higher compared with the end of the second quarter. In equity markets, the NASDAQ Composite Index, the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the S&P 500 Index increased by 6%, 5% and 4%, respectively, compared with the end of the second quarter of 2017.

Europe

In the Euro area, real GDP growth decreased slightly compared with the second quarter of 2017, while measures of inflation were essentially unchanged. The European Central Bank maintained its main refinancing operations rate at 0.00% and its deposit rate at (0.40)%, and continued the pace of its monthly asset purchases at €60 billion. Measures of unemployment remained high, and the Euro appreciated by 3% against the U.S. dollar in the third quarter. In the U.K., real GDP growth increased slightly compared with the previous quarter. The Bank of England maintained its official bank rate at 0.25%, and the British pound appreciated by 3% against the U.S. dollar. Yields on 10-year government bonds generally declined in the region during the quarter. In equity markets, the DAX Index, CAC 40 Index and Euro Stoxx 50 Index all increased by 4% in the third quarter compared with the end of the second quarter, while the FTSE 100 Index increased by 1%.

93 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Asia

In Japan, real GDP growth appeared to decrease compared with the second quarter of 2017. The Bank of Japan maintained its asset purchase program and continued to target a yield on 10-year Japanese government bonds of approximately 0%. The yield on 10-year Japanese government bonds fell slightly, the U.S. dollar was essentially unchanged against the Japanese yen, and the Nikkei 225 Index increased by 2% in the third quarter. In China, real GDP growth remained stable during the quarter and measures of inflation increased. The People’s Bank of China maintained a neutral monetary policy stance in the third quarter. The U.S. dollar depreciated by 2% against the Chinese yuan compared with the end of the second quarter, and in equity markets, the Hang Seng Index and the Shanghai Composite Index increased by 7% and 5%, respectively. In India, economic growth appeared to increase compared with the previous quarter. The U.S. dollar appreciated by 1% against the Indian rupee, and the BSE Sensex Index increased by 1% compared with the end of the second quarter of 2017.

Critical Accounting Policies

Fair Value

Fair Value Hierarchy. Financial instruments owned and Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased (i.e., inventory), as well as certain other financial assets and financial liabilities, are reflected in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition at fair value (i.e., marked-to-market), with related gains or losses generally recognized in our condensed consolidated statements of earnings. The use of fair value to measure financial instruments is fundamental to our risk management practices and is our most critical accounting policy.

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We measure certain financial assets and financial liabilities as a portfolio (i.e., based on its net exposure to market and/or credit risks). In determining fair value, the hierarchy under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) gives (i) the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities (level 1 inputs), (ii) the next priority to inputs other than level 1 inputs that are observable, either directly or indirectly (level 2 inputs), and (iii) the lowest priority to inputs that cannot be observed in market activity (level 3 inputs). In evaluating the significance of a valuation input, we consider, among other factors, a portfolio’s net risk exposure to that input. Assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to their fair value measurement.

The fair values for substantially all of our financial assets and financial liabilities are based on observable prices and inputs and are classified in levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Certain level 2 and level 3 financial assets and financial liabilities may require appropriate valuation adjustments that a market participant would require to arrive at fair value for factors such as counterparty and our credit quality, funding risk, transfer restrictions, liquidity and bid/offer spreads.

Instruments classified in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are those which require one or more significant inputs that are not observable. As of September 2017, June 2017 and December 2016, level 3 financial assets represented 2.2%, 2.3% and 2.7%, respectively, of our total assets. See Notes 5 through 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about level 3 financial assets, including changes in level 3 financial assets and related fair value measurements. Absent evidence to the contrary, instruments classified in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are initially valued at transaction price, which is considered to be the best initial estimate of fair value. Subsequent to the transaction date, we use other methodologies to determine fair value, which vary based on the type of instrument. Estimating the fair value of level 3 financial instruments requires judgments to be made. These judgments include:

• Determining the appropriate valuation methodology and/or model for each type of level 3 financial instrument;

• Determining model inputs based on an evaluation of all relevant empirical market data, including prices evidenced by market transactions, interest rates, credit spreads, volatilities and correlations; and

• Determining appropriate valuation adjustments, including those related to illiquidity or counterparty credit quality.

Regardless of the methodology, valuation inputs and assumptions are only changed when corroborated by substantive evidence.

Controls Over Valuation of Financial Instruments. Market makers and investment professionals in our revenue-producing units are responsible for pricing our financial instruments. Our control infrastructure is independent of the revenue-producing units and is fundamental to ensuring that all of our financial instruments are appropriately valued at market-clearing levels. In the event that there is a difference of opinion in situations where estimating the fair value of financial instruments requires judgment (e.g., calibration to market comparables or trade comparison, as described below), the final valuation decision is made by senior managers in control and support functions. This independent price verification is critical to ensuring that our financial instruments are properly valued.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 94

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Price Verification. All financial instruments at fair value classified in levels 1, 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy are subject to our independent price verification process. The objective of price verification is to have an informed and independent opinion with regard to the valuation of financial instruments under review. Instruments that have one or more significant inputs which cannot be corroborated by external market data are classified in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Price verification strategies utilized by our independent control and support functions include:

• Trade Comparison. Analysis of trade data (both internal and external, where available) is used to determine the most relevant pricing inputs and valuations.

• External Price Comparison. Valuations and prices are compared to pricing data obtained from third parties (e.g., brokers or dealers, Markit, Bloomberg, IDC, TRACE). Data obtained from various sources is compared to ensure consistency and validity. When broker or dealer quotations or third-party pricing vendors are used for valuation or price verification, greater priority is generally given to executable quotations.

• Calibration to Market Comparables. Market-based transactions are used to corroborate the valuation of positions with similar characteristics, risks and components.

• Relative Value Analyses. Market-based transactions are analyzed to determine the similarity, measured in terms of risk, liquidity and return, of one instrument relative to another or, for a given instrument, of one maturity relative to another.

• Collateral Analyses. Margin calls on derivatives are analyzed to determine implied values, which are used to corroborate our valuations.

• Execution of Trades. Where appropriate, trading desks are instructed to execute trades in order to provide evidence of market-clearing levels.

• Backtesting. Valuations are corroborated by comparison to values realized upon sales.

See Notes 5 through 8 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about fair value measurements.

Review of Net Revenues. Independent control and support functions ensure adherence to our pricing policy through a combination of daily procedures, including the explanation and attribution of net revenues based on the underlying factors. Through this process we independently validate net revenues, identify and resolve potential fair value or trade booking issues on a timely basis and seek to ensure that risks are being properly categorized and quantified.

Review of Valuation Models. Our independent model risk management group (Model Risk Management), consisting of quantitative professionals who are separate from model developers, performs an independent model review and validation process of our valuation models. New or changed models are reviewed and approved prior to being put into use. Models are evaluated and re-approved annually to assess the impact of any changes in the product or market and any market developments in pricing theories. See “Risk Management — Model Risk Management” for further information about the review and validation of our valuation models.

Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets

Goodwill. Goodwill is the cost of acquired companies in excess of the fair value of net assets, including identifiable intangible assets, at the acquisition date.

Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if events occur or circumstances change that indicate an impairment may exist. When assessing goodwill for impairment, first, qualitative factors are assessed to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the results of the qualitative assessment are not conclusive, a quantitative goodwill test is performed by comparing the estimated fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value.

During the fourth quarter of 2016, we determined that goodwill for all reporting units was not impaired. There were no events or changes in circumstances during the nine months ended September 2017 that would indicate that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each of the reporting units did not exceed its respective carrying value as of September 2017. See Note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our goodwill.

Estimating the fair value of our reporting units requires management to make judgments. Critical inputs to the fair value estimates include projected earnings and attributed equity. There is inherent uncertainty in the projected earnings. The net book value of each reporting unit reflects an allocation of total shareholders’ equity and represents the estimated amount of total shareholders’ equity required to support the activities of the reporting unit under currently applicable regulatory capital requirements. See “Equity Capital Management and Regulatory Capital” for further information about our capital requirements.

95 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

If we experience a prolonged or severe period of weakness in the business environment or financial markets, or additional increases in capital requirements, our goodwill could be impaired in the future. In addition, significant changes to other inputs of the quantitative goodwill test could cause the estimated fair value of our reporting units to decline, which could result in an impairment of goodwill in the future.

Identifiable Intangible Assets. We amortize our identifiable intangible assets over their estimated useful lives generally using the straight-line method. Identifiable intangible assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that an asset’s or asset group’s carrying value may not be fully recoverable.

A prolonged or severe period of market weakness, or significant changes in regulation, could adversely impact our businesses and impair the value of our identifiable intangible assets. In addition, certain events could indicate a potential impairment of our identifiable intangible assets, including weaker business performance resulting in a decrease in our customer base and decreases in revenues from customer contracts and relationships. Management judgment is required to evaluate whether indications of potential impairment have occurred, and to test intangible assets for impairment, if required.

An impairment, generally calculated as the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of an asset or asset group, is recognized if the total of the estimated undiscounted cash flows relating to the asset or asset group is less than the corresponding carrying value.

See Note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our identifiable intangible assets.

Recent Accounting Developments

See Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information about Recent Accounting Developments.

Use of Estimates

U.S. GAAP requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions. In addition to the estimates we make in connection with fair value measurements, the accounting for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, and discretionary compensation accruals, the use of estimates and assumptions is also important in determining provisions for losses that may arise from litigation, regulatory proceedings (including governmental investigations) and tax audits, and the allowance for losses on loans receivable and lending commitments held for investment.

A substantial portion of our compensation and benefits represents discretionary compensation, which is finalized at year-end. We believe the most appropriate way to allocate estimated annual discretionary compensation among interim periods is in proportion to the net revenues earned in such periods. In addition to the level of net revenues, our overall compensation expense in any given year is also influenced by, among other factors, overall financial performance, prevailing labor markets, business mix, the structure of our share-based compensation programs and the external environment. See “Results of Operations — Financial Overview — Operating Expenses” below for information about our ratio of compensation and benefits to net revenues.

We estimate and provide for potential losses that may arise out of litigation and regulatory proceedings to the extent that such losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. In addition, we estimate the upper end of the range of reasonably possible aggregate loss in excess of the related reserves for litigation and regulatory proceedings where we believe the risk of loss is more than slight. See Notes 18 and 27 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information about certain judicial, litigation and regulatory proceedings.

Significant judgment is required in making these estimates and our final liabilities may ultimately be materially different. Our total estimated liability in respect of litigation and regulatory proceedings is determined on a case-by-case basis and represents an estimate of probable losses after considering, among other factors, the progress of each case, proceeding or investigation, our experience and the experience of others in similar cases, proceedings or investigations, and the opinions and views of legal counsel.

In accounting for income taxes, we recognize tax positions in the financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination by the relevant taxing authority based on the technical merits of the position. See Note 24 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about accounting for income taxes.

We also estimate and record an allowance for losses related to our loans receivable and lending commitments held for investment. Management’s estimate of loan losses entails judgment about loan collectability at the reporting dates, and there are uncertainties inherent in those judgments. See Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about the allowance for losses on loans receivable and lending commitments held for investment.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 96

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Results of Operations

The composition of our net revenues has varied over time as financial markets and the scope of our operations have changed. The composition of net revenues can also vary over the shorter term due to fluctuations in U.S. and global economic and market conditions. See “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the 2016 Form 10-K for further information about the impact of economic and market conditions on our results of operations.

Financial Overview

The table below presents an overview of our financial results and selected financial ratios.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions, except per share amounts		2017	2016		2017	2016
Net revenues		$ 8,326	$  8,168		$24,239	$22,438
Pre-tax earnings		$ 2,976	$  2,868		$  8,024	$  6,907
Net earnings		$ 2,128	$  2,094		$  6,214	$  5,051
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders		$ 2,035	$  2,100		$  5,828	$  4,934
Diluted earnings per common share		$   5.02	$    4.88		$  14.11	$  11.24
Annualized return on average common shareholders’ equity		10.9%	11.2%		10.3%	8.7%
Annualized net earnings to average assets		0.9%	0.9%		0.9%	0.8%
Annualized return on average total shareholders’ equity		9.9%	9.7%		9.6%	7.8%
Total average equity to average assets		9.3%	9.8%		9.6%	9.8%
Dividend payout ratio		14.9%	13.3%		15.2%	17.3%

In the table above:

• Net earnings applicable to common shareholders for the three and nine months ended September 2016 included a benefit of $105 million and $266 million, respectively, reflected in preferred stock dividends, related to the exchange of APEX for shares of Series E and Series F Preferred Stock. See Note 19 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

• Annualized return on average common shareholders’ equity is calculated by dividing annualized net earnings applicable to common shareholders by average monthly common shareholders’ equity. Annualized return on average total shareholders’ equity is calculated by dividing annualized net earnings by average monthly total shareholders’ equity. The table below presents our average common and total shareholders’ equity.

	Average for the
	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total shareholders’ equity		$ 86,222		$ 86,649			$ 86,495		$ 86,662
Preferred stock		(11,203	)	(11,366	)		(11,203	)	(11,335	)
Common shareholders’ equity		$ 75,019		$ 75,283			$ 75,292		$ 75,327

• Dividend payout ratio is calculated by dividing dividends declared per common share by diluted earnings per common share.

Net Revenues

The table below presents our net revenues by line item in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment banking		$1,797	$1,537		$  5,230	$  4,787
Investment management		1,419	1,386		4,249	3,908
Commissions and fees		714	753		2,279	2,447
Market making		2,112	2,715		6,445	7,067
Other principal transactions		1,554	1,163		4,002	1,978
Total non-interest revenues		7,596	7,554		22,205	20,187
Interest income		3,411	2,389		9,377	7,267
Interest expense		2,681	1,775		7,343	5,016
Net interest income		730	614		2,034	2,251
Total net revenues		$8,326	$8,168		$24,239	$22,438

In the table above:

• Investment banking consists of revenues (excluding net interest) from financial advisory and underwriting assignments, as well as derivative transactions directly related to these assignments. These activities are included in our Investment Banking segment.

• Investment management consists of revenues (excluding net interest) from providing investment management services to a diverse set of clients, as well as wealth advisory services and certain transaction services to high-net-worth individuals and families. These activities are included in our Investment Management segment.

• Commissions and fees consists of revenues from executing and clearing client transactions on major stock, options and futures exchanges worldwide, as well as over-the-counter (OTC) transactions. These activities are included in our Institutional Client Services and Investment Management segments.

• Market making consists of revenues (excluding net interest) from client execution activities related to making markets in interest rate products, credit products, mortgages, currencies, commodities and equity products. These activities are included in our Institutional Client Services segment.

• Other principal transactions consists of revenues (excluding net interest) from our investing activities and the origination of loans to provide financing to clients. In addition, other principal transactions includes revenues related to our consolidated investments. These activities are included in our Investing & Lending segment.

97 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Operating Environment. During the first nine months of 2017, generally higher asset prices and tighter credit spreads were supportive of industry-wide underwriting activities, investment management performance and other principal transactions. However, low levels of volatility in equity, fixed income, currency and commodity markets, combined with low client conviction to transact, continued to negatively affect our market-making activities, particularly in fixed income, currency and commodity products. The price of oil increased during the third quarter of 2017, while the price of natural gas was essentially unchanged compared with the end of the second quarter of 2017.

If the trend of low volatility continues over the long term and market-making activity levels remain low, or if investment banking activity levels, asset prices or assets under supervision decline, net revenues would likely be negatively impacted. See “Segment Operating Results” below for further information about the operating environment and material trends and uncertainties that may impact our results of operations.

Three Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016

Net revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $8.33 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 2% higher than the third quarter of 2016, due to significantly higher other principal transactions revenues, higher investment banking revenues and net interest income and slightly higher investment management revenues. These increases were partially offset by significantly lower market making revenues and lower commissions and fees.

Non-Interest Revenues. Investment banking revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $1.80 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 17% higher than the third quarter of 2016. Revenues in financial advisory were significantly higher compared with the third quarter of 2016, reflecting an increase in completed mergers and acquisitions transactions. Revenues in underwriting were essentially unchanged compared with the third quarter of 2016, as slightly higher revenues in debt underwriting, reflecting higher revenues from investment-grade activity, were largely offset by lower revenues in equity underwriting, reflecting a decrease in industry-wide offerings.

Investment management revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $1.42 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 2% higher than the third quarter of 2016, due to slightly higher management and other fees, reflecting higher average assets under supervision, and higher transaction revenues, partially offset by lower incentive fees.

Commissions and fees in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $714 million for the third quarter of 2017, 5% lower than the third quarter of 2016, generally consistent with the decline in listed cash equity market volumes in the U.S.

Market making revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $2.11 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 22% lower than the third quarter of 2016, due to significantly lower revenues in equity derivative products, commodities, credit products and currencies and lower revenues in interest rate products. These results were partially offset by significantly higher revenues in equity cash products and improved results in mortgages.

Other principal transactions revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $1.55 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 34% higher than the third quarter of 2016, reflecting a significant increase in net gains from investments in private equities, which were positively impacted by corporate performance and company-specific events. These results were partially offset by lower net gains from investments in debt instruments.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings was $730 million for the third quarter of 2017, 19% higher than the third quarter of 2016, reflecting an increase in interest income primarily due to the impact of higher interest rates on collateralized agreements, other interest-earning assets and deposits with banks, higher interest income from loans receivable, due to an increase in total average loans receivable and higher yields, and an increase in total average financial instruments owned. The increase in interest income was partially offset by higher interest expense primarily due to the impact of higher interest rates on other interest-bearing liabilities, interest-bearing deposits, short-term borrowings and collateralized financings, and an increase in total average collateralized financings. See “Statistical Disclosures — Distribution of Assets, Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity” for further information about our sources of net interest income.

Nine Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016

Net revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $24.24 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 8% higher than the first nine months of 2016, due to significantly higher other principal transactions revenues and higher investment banking revenues and investment management revenues. These results were partially offset by lower market making revenues, net interest income and commissions and fees.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 98

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Non-Interest Revenues. Investment banking revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $5.23 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 9% higher than the first nine months of 2016. Revenues in financial advisory were higher compared with the first nine months of 2016, reflecting an increase in completed mergers and acquisitions transactions. Revenues in underwriting were higher compared with the first nine months of 2016, due to higher revenues in debt underwriting, primarily reflecting an increase in industry-wide leveraged finance activity, and higher revenues in equity underwriting, reflecting an increase in industry-wide offerings.

Investment management revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $4.25 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 9% higher than the first nine months of 2016, due to higher management and other fees, reflecting higher average assets under supervision, as well as higher incentive fees and transaction revenues.

Commissions and fees in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $2.28 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 7% lower than the first nine months of 2016, reflecting a decline in our listed cash equity volumes in the U.S., consistent with market volumes in the region.

Market making revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $6.45 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 9% lower than the first nine months of 2016, due to significantly lower revenues in commodities, credit products and currencies and lower revenues in both interest rate products and equity derivative products. These decreases were partially offset by significantly higher revenues in both mortgages and equity cash products.

Other principal transactions revenues in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $4.00 billion for the first nine months of 2017, significantly higher compared with the first nine months of 2016, primarily due to a significant increase in revenues in equities securities. This increase primarily reflected a significant increase in net gains from private equities, which were positively impacted by corporate performance and company-specific events. In addition, net gains from public equities were significantly higher, as global equity prices increased during the first nine months of 2017. Revenues in debt securities and loans were also significantly higher compared with the first nine months of 2016, reflecting higher net gains from investments in debt instruments.

Net Interest Income. Net interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings was $2.03 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 10% lower than the first nine months of 2016, reflecting an increase in interest expense primarily due to the impact of higher interest rates on other interest-bearing liabilities, interest-bearing deposits, short-term borrowings, collateralized financings and long-term borrowings, and an increase in total average long-term borrowings. The increase in interest expense was partially offset by higher interest income primarily due to the impact of higher interest rates on collateralized agreements, other interest-earning assets and deposits with banks, higher interest income from loans receivable, due to higher yields and an increase in total average loans receivable, and an increase in total average other interest-earning assets. See “Statistical Disclosures — Distribution of Assets, Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity” for further information about our sources of net interest income.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses are primarily influenced by compensation, headcount and levels of business activity. Compensation and benefits includes salaries, estimated year-end discretionary compensation, amortization of equity awards and other items such as benefits. Discretionary compensation is significantly impacted by, among other factors, the level of net revenues, overall financial performance, prevailing labor markets, business mix, the structure of our share-based compensation programs and the external environment. In addition, see “Use of Estimates” for further information about expenses that may arise from compensation and benefits, and litigation and regulatory proceedings.

The table below presents our operating expenses and total staff (including employees, consultants and temporary staff).

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Compensation and benefits		$  3,172	$  3,207		$  9,696	$  9,200
Brokerage, clearing, exchange and distribution fees		625	613		1,903	1,929
Market development		138	92		413	326
Communications and technology		220	207		667	609
Depreciation and amortization		280	247		802	731
Occupancy		177	245		543	609
Professional fees		227	222		661	673
Other expenses		511	467		1,530	1,454
Total non-compensation expenses		2,178	2,093		6,519	6,331
Total operating expenses		$  5,350	$  5,300		$16,215	$15,531
Total staff at period-end		35,800	34,900

99 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Three Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $5.35 billion for the third quarter of 2017, essentially unchanged compared with the third quarter of 2016. The accrual for compensation and benefits expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings was $3.17 billion for the third quarter of 2017, essentially unchanged compared with the third quarter of 2016.

Non-compensation expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $2.18 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 4% higher than the third quarter of 2016, primarily due to higher expenses related to consolidated investments and our online loan and deposit platform. These increases were primarily included in other expenses and market development expenses, and were partially offset by lower occupancy expenses (the third quarter of 2016 included $63 million of exit costs on office space). Net provisions for litigation and regulatory proceedings for the third quarter of 2017 were $18 million compared with $46 million for the third quarter of 2016.

As of September 2017, total staff increased 5% compared with June 2017, primarily reflecting the timing of campus hires.

Nine Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Operating expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $16.22 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 4% higher than the first nine months of 2016. The accrual for compensation and benefits expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings was $9.70 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 5% higher than the first nine months of 2016, reflecting an increase in net revenues. The ratio of compensation and benefits to net revenues for the first nine months of 2017 was 40.0% compared with 41.0% for both the first half of 2017 and the first nine months of 2016.

Non-compensation expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings were $6.52 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 3% higher than the first nine months of 2016, primarily due to higher expenses related to our online loan and deposit platform and consolidated investments. These increases were primarily included in market development expenses and other expenses. In addition, communications and technology expenses and depreciation and amortization expenses were higher. These increases were partially offset by lower occupancy expenses (the third quarter of 2016 included $63 million of exit costs on office space). Net provisions for litigation and regulatory proceedings for the first nine months of 2017 were $179 million compared with $249 million for the first nine months of 2016.

As of September 2017, total staff increased 4% compared with December 2016.

Provision for Taxes

The effective income tax rate for the first nine months of 2017 was 22.6%. The decrease compared with the full year effective income tax rate of 28.2% for 2016 was primarily due to tax benefits on the settlement of employee share-based awards in accordance with ASU No. 2016-09. The impact of these settlements in the first nine months of 2017 was a reduction to our provision for taxes of $496 million (including $475 million in the first quarter of 2017) and a reduction in our effective income tax rate of 6.1 percentage points. See Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about this ASU. The increase compared with the effective income tax rate of 19.1% for the first half of 2017 was primarily due to a decrease in the impact of tax benefits from the settlement of employee share-based awards in the first nine months of 2017 compared with the first half of 2017.

In September 2017, certain members of the U.S. Congress, in coordination with the U.S. Presidential Administration, released a tax reform framework that includes several corporate income tax provisions. Any potential resulting legislation could reduce our future effective tax rate. In addition, while this is only a proposal, depending on the scope of any enacted legislation, there could be a material negative impact on our results in the period of enactment, due to the potential remeasurement of U.S. deferred tax balances at lower corporate enacted tax rates and a repatriation tax, if any, on deemed repatriated earnings from foreign subsidiaries.

Segment Operating Results

The table below presents the net revenues, operating expenses and pre-tax earnings of our segments.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking
Net revenues		$1,797	$1,537		$  5,230	$  4,787
Operating expenses		946	863		2,905	2,720
Pre-tax earnings		$   851	$   674		$  2,325	$  2,067
Institutional Client Services
Net revenues		$3,120	$3,748		$  9,530	$10,872
Operating expenses		2,331	2,526		7,276	7,649
Pre-tax earnings		$   789	$1,222		$  2,254	$  3,223
Investing & Lending
Net revenues		$1,883	$1,398		$  4,923	$  2,596
Operating expenses		855	690		2,368	1,714
Pre-tax earnings		$1,028	$   708		$  2,555	$     882
Investment Management
Net revenues		$1,526	$1,485		$  4,556	$  4,183
Operating expenses		1,218	1,221		3,666	3,448
Pre-tax earnings		$   308	$   264		$     890	$     735
Total net revenues		$8,326	$8,168		$24,239	$22,438
Total operating expenses		5,350	5,300		16,215	15,531
Total pre-tax earnings		$2,976	$2,868		$  8,024	$  6,907

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 100

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Net revenues in our segments include allocations of interest income and interest expense to specific securities, commodities and other positions in relation to the cash generated by, or funding requirements of, such underlying positions. See Note 25 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our business segments.

Our cost drivers taken as a whole, compensation, headcount and levels of business activity, are broadly similar in each of our business segments. Compensation and benefits expenses within our segments reflect, among other factors, our overall performance, as well as the performance of individual businesses. Consequently, pre-tax margins in one segment of our business may be significantly affected by the performance of our other business segments. A description of segment operating results follows.

Investment Banking

Our Investment Banking segment consists of:

Financial Advisory. Includes strategic advisory assignments with respect to mergers and acquisitions, divestitures, corporate defense activities, restructurings, spin-offs, risk management and derivative transactions directly related to these client advisory assignments.

Underwriting. Includes public offerings and private placements, including local and cross-border transactions and acquisition financing, of a wide range of securities and other financial instruments, including loans, and derivative transactions directly related to these client underwriting activities.

The table below presents the operating results of our Investment Banking segment.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Financial Advisory		$   911	$   658		$2,416	$2,223
Equity underwriting		212	227		783	679
Debt underwriting		674	652		2,031	1,885
Total Underwriting		886	879		2,814	2,564
Total net revenues		1,797	1,537		5,230	4,787
Operating expenses		946	863		2,905	2,720
Pre-tax earnings		$   851	$   674		$2,325	$2,067

The table below presents our financial advisory and underwriting transaction volumes.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in billions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Announced mergers and acquisitions		$   171	$   188		$   540	$   589
Completed mergers and acquisitions		$   369	$   280		$   786	$   900
Equity and equity-related offerings		$     15	$     16		$     46	$     37
Debt offerings		$     72	$     72		$   227	$   216

In the table above:

• Volumes are per Dealogic. Prior periods have been conformed to reflect volumes per Dealogic.

• Announced and completed mergers and acquisitions volumes are based on full credit to each of the advisors in a transaction. Equity and equity-related offerings and debt offerings are based on full credit for single book managers and equal credit for joint book managers. Transaction volumes may not be indicative of net revenues in a given period. In addition, transaction volumes for prior periods may vary from amounts previously reported due to the subsequent withdrawal or a change in the value of a transaction.

• Equity and equity-related offerings includes Rule 144A and public common stock offerings, convertible offerings and rights offerings.

• Debt offerings includes non-convertible preferred stock, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and taxable municipal debt. Includes publicly registered and Rule 144A issues. Excludes leveraged loans.

Operating Environment. During the third quarter of 2017, industry-wide announced mergers and acquisitions volumes increased compared with the second quarter of 2017, while industry-wide completed mergers and acquisitions volumes decreased slightly, but remained solid.

In underwriting, generally higher equity prices and tighter credit spreads during the third quarter of 2017 continued to contribute to a relatively favorable financing environment. Industry-wide debt underwriting offerings remained solid, particularly in investment-grade activity. However, offerings decreased slightly compared with the second quarter of 2017, as leveraged finance activity slowed. After a trend of generally improving activity levels since a challenging first quarter of 2016, the pace of industry-wide equity underwriting offerings slowed during the third quarter of 2017.

In the future, if industry-wide activity levels in mergers and acquisitions decline or if industry-wide activity levels in debt underwriting or equity underwriting continue their downward trend, net revenues in Investment Banking would likely be negatively impacted.

Three Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Net revenues in Investment Banking were $1.80 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 17% higher than the third quarter of 2016.

101 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Net revenues in Financial Advisory were $911 million, 38% higher than the third quarter of 2016, reflecting an increase in completed mergers and acquisitions transactions. Net revenues in Underwriting were $886 million, essentially unchanged compared with the third quarter of 2016, as slightly higher net revenues in debt underwriting, reflecting higher net revenues from investment-grade activity, were largely offset by lower net revenues in equity underwriting, reflecting a decrease in industry-wide offerings.

Operating expenses were $946 million for the third quarter of 2017, 10% higher than the third quarter of 2016, due to increased compensation and benefits expenses, reflecting higher net revenues. Pre-tax earnings were $851 million in the third quarter of 2017, 26% higher than the third quarter of 2016.

As of September 2017, our investment banking transaction backlog decreased compared with June 2017. This decrease was due to significantly lower estimated net revenues from potential advisory transactions, as replenishment of mergers and acquisitions backlog was lower than the rate of completed deals during the third quarter of 2017. Estimated net revenues from potential debt underwriting transactions increased and estimated net revenues from potential equity underwriting transactions were essentially unchanged.

Our investment banking transaction backlog represents an estimate of our future net revenues from investment banking transactions where we believe that future revenue realization is more likely than not. We believe changes in our investment banking transaction backlog may be a useful indicator of client activity levels which, over the long term, impact our net revenues. However, the time frame for completion and corresponding revenue recognition of transactions in our backlog varies based on the nature of the assignment, as certain transactions may remain in our backlog for longer periods of time and others may enter and leave within the same reporting period. In addition, our transaction backlog is subject to certain limitations, such as assumptions about the likelihood that individual client transactions will occur in the future. Transactions may be cancelled or modified, and transactions not included in the estimate may also occur.

Nine Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Net revenues in Investment Banking were $5.23 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 9% higher than the first nine months of 2016.

Net revenues in Financial Advisory were $2.42 billion, 9% higher than the first nine months of 2016, reflecting an increase in completed mergers and acquisitions transactions. Net revenues in Underwriting were $2.81 billion, 10% higher than the first nine months of 2016, due to higher net revenues in debt underwriting, primarily reflecting an increase in industry-wide leveraged finance activity, and higher net revenues in equity underwriting, reflecting an increase in industry-wide offerings.

Operating expenses were $2.91 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 7% higher than the first nine months of 2016, due to increased compensation and benefits expenses, reflecting higher net revenues. Pre-tax earnings were $2.33 billion in the first nine months of 2017, 12% higher than the first nine months of 2016.

As of September 2017, our investment banking transaction backlog decreased compared with December 2016. This decrease was due to significantly lower estimated net revenues from potential advisory transactions, as replenishment of mergers and acquisitions backlog was lower than the rate of completed deals during the first nine months of 2017, particularly in the third quarter. This decrease was partially offset by significantly higher estimated net revenues from potential debt underwriting transactions, primarily reflecting an increase in acquisition-related financing, and higher estimated net revenues from potential equity underwriting transactions, primarily in initial public offerings.

Institutional Client Services

Our Institutional Client Services segment consists of:

Fixed Income, Currency and Commodities Client Execution. Includes client execution activities related to making markets in both cash and derivative instruments for interest rate products, credit products, mortgages, currencies and commodities.

• Interest Rate Products. Government bonds (including inflation-linked securities) across maturities, other government-backed securities, repurchase agreements, and interest rate swaps, options and other derivatives.

• Credit Products. Investment-grade corporate securities, high-yield securities, credit derivatives, exchange-traded funds, bank and bridge loans, municipal securities, emerging market and distressed debt, and trade claims.

• Mortgages. Commercial mortgage-related securities, loans and derivatives, residential mortgage-related securities, loans and derivatives (including U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations and other securities and loans), and other asset-backed securities, loans and derivatives.

• Currencies. Currency options, spot/forwards and other derivatives on G-10 currencies and emerging-market products.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 102

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

• Commodities. Commodity derivatives and, to a lesser extent, physical commodities, involving crude oil and petroleum products, natural gas, base, precious and other metals, electricity, coal, agricultural and other commodity products.

Equities. Includes client execution activities related to making markets in equity products and commissions and fees from executing and clearing institutional client transactions on major stock, options and futures exchanges worldwide, as well as OTC transactions. Equities also includes our securities services business, which provides financing, securities lending and other prime brokerage services to institutional clients, including hedge funds, mutual funds, pension funds and foundations, and generates revenues primarily in the form of interest rate spreads or fees.

Market-Making Activities

As a market maker, we facilitate transactions in both liquid and less liquid markets, primarily for institutional clients, such as corporations, financial institutions, investment funds and governments, to assist clients in meeting their investment objectives and in managing their risks. In this role, we seek to earn the difference between the price at which a market participant is willing to sell an instrument to us and the price at which another market participant is willing to buy it from us, and vice versa (i.e., bid/offer spread). In addition, we maintain inventory, typically for a short period of time, in response to, or in anticipation of, client demand. We also hold inventory to actively manage our risk exposures that arise from these market-making activities. Our market-making inventory is recorded in financial instruments owned (long positions) or financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased (short positions) in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Our results are influenced by a combination of interconnected drivers, including (i) client activity levels and transactional bid/offer spreads (collectively, client activity), and (ii) changes in the fair value of our inventory and interest income and interest expense related to the holding, hedging and funding of our inventory (collectively, market-making inventory changes). Due to the integrated nature of our market-making activities, disaggregation of net revenues into client activity and market-making inventory changes is judgmental and has inherent complexities and limitations.

The amount and composition of our net revenues vary over time as these drivers are impacted by multiple interrelated factors affecting economic and market conditions, including volatility and liquidity in the market, changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates, credit spreads, equity prices and commodity prices, investor confidence, and other macroeconomic concerns and uncertainties.

In general, assuming all other market-making conditions remain constant, increases in client activity levels or bid/offer spreads tend to result in increases in net revenues, and decreases tend to have the opposite effect. However, changes in market-making conditions can materially impact client activity levels and bid/offer spreads, as well as the fair value of our inventory. For example, a decrease in liquidity in the market could have the impact of (i) increasing our bid/offer spread, (ii) decreasing investor confidence and thereby decreasing client activity levels, and (iii) wider credit spreads on our inventory positions.

The table below presents the operating results of our Institutional Client Services segment.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
FICC Client Execution		$1,452	$1,964		$4,296	$  5,554
Equities client execution		584	678		1,823	1,735
Commissions and fees		681	719		2,183	2,342
Securities services		403	387		1,228	1,241
Total Equities		1,668	1,784		5,234	5,318
Total net revenues		3,120	3,748		9,530	10,872
Operating expenses		2,331	2,526		7,276	7,649
Pre-tax earnings		$   789	$1,222		$2,254	$  3,223

The table below presents net revenues of our Institutional Client Services segment by line item in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. See “Net Revenues” above for further information about market making revenues, commissions and fees and net interest income.

$ in millions	FICC Client Execution	Total Equities	Institutional Client Services
Three Months Ended September 2017
Market making	$1,237	$   875	$  2,112
Commissions and fees	–	681	681
Net interest income	215	112	327
Total net revenues	$1,452	$1,668	$  3,120
Three Months Ended September 2016
Market making	$1,785	$   930	$  2,715
Commissions and fees	–	719	719
Net interest income	179	135	314
Total net revenues	$1,964	$1,784	$  3,748
Nine Months Ended September 2017
Market making	$3,796	$2,649	$  6,445
Commissions and fees	–	2,183	2,183
Net interest income	500	402	902
Total net revenues	$4,296	$5,234	$  9,530
Nine Months Ended September 2016
Market making	$4,668	$2,399	$  7,067
Commissions and fees	–	2,342	2,342
Net interest income	886	577	1,463
Total net revenues	$5,554	$5,318	$10,872

103 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

In the table above:

• The difference between commissions and fees and those in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings represents commissions and fees included in our Investment Management segment.

• See Note 25 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for net interest income by business segment.

• The primary driver of net revenues for FICC Client Execution, for the periods in the table above, was client activity.

Operating Environment. Many of the themes that impacted the operating environment for Institutional Client Services in the first half of 2017 continued into the third quarter of 2017 as volatility levels in equity, fixed income, currency and commodity markets remained low. This, combined with low client conviction to transact, continued to negatively affect client activity across businesses, particularly in FICC Client Execution. Although market-making conditions remained challenging, they improved for most businesses during the quarter amid better U.S. economic data and expectations for central bank actions. In addition, global equity markets continued to increase during the third quarter of 2017 (with the MSCI World Index up 5%), and in credit markets, credit spreads generally tightened. The price of oil increased by 12% during the third quarter of 2017 to approximately $52 per barrel (WTI), while the price of natural gas was essentially unchanged compared with the end of the second quarter of 2017 at $3.01 per million British thermal units.

If the trend of low volatility continues over the long term and activity levels remain low, net revenues in Institutional Client Services would likely continue to be negatively impacted. See “Business Environment” above for further information about economic and market conditions in the global operating environment during the quarter.

Three Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Net revenues in Institutional Client Services were $3.12 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 17% lower than the third quarter of 2016.

Net revenues in FICC Client Execution were $1.45 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 26% lower than the third quarter of 2016, reflecting lower client activity and, to a lesser extent, the impact of challenging market-making conditions on our inventory.

The following provides details of our FICC Client Execution net revenues by business, compared with results in the third quarter of 2016:

• Net revenues in commodities were significantly lower, reflecting the impact of challenging market-making conditions on our inventory, particularly in energy products.

• Net revenues in interest rate products were significantly lower, reflecting lower client activity.

• Net revenues in credit products were significantly lower, reflecting the impact of challenging market-making conditions on our inventory and lower client activity.

• Net revenues in currencies were lower, primarily reflecting the impact of challenging market-making conditions on our inventory.

• Net revenues in mortgages were higher, reflecting the impact of favorable market-making conditions on our inventory, including generally tighter spreads.

Net revenues in Equities were $1.67 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 7% lower than the third quarter of 2016, primarily due to lower net revenues in equities client execution, reflecting significantly lower results in derivatives, partially offset by higher results in cash products. Net revenues from commissions and fees were lower, generally consistent with the decline in listed cash equity market volumes in the U.S. Net revenues in securities services were slightly higher compared with the third quarter of 2016.

Operating expenses were $2.33 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 8% lower than the third quarter of 2016, due to decreased compensation and benefits expenses, reflecting lower net revenues. Pre-tax earnings were $789 million in the third quarter of 2017, 35% lower than the third quarter of 2016.

Nine Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Net revenues in Institutional Client Services were $9.53 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 12% lower than the first nine months of 2016.

Net revenues in FICC Client Execution were $4.30 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 23% lower than the first nine months of 2016, reflecting significantly lower client activity.

The following provides details of our FICC Client Execution net revenues by business, compared with results in the first nine months of 2016:

• Net revenues in commodities were significantly lower, reflecting the impact of challenging market-making conditions on our inventory, particularly during the second quarter of 2017.

• Net revenues in interest rate products were lower, reflecting lower client activity.

• Net revenues in currencies were significantly lower, primarily due to lower client activity.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 104

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

• Net revenues in credit products were significantly lower, primarily reflecting lower client activity.

• Net revenues in mortgages were significantly higher, reflecting the impact of favorable market-making conditions on our inventory, including generally tighter spreads, compared with a challenging first nine months of 2016.

Net revenues in Equities were $5.23 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 2% lower than the first nine months of 2016, as lower commissions and fees were partially offset by slightly higher net revenues in equities client execution. The decrease in commissions and fees reflected a decline in our listed cash equity volumes in the U.S., consistent with market volumes in the region. The increase in equities client execution reflected higher net revenues in cash products, partially offset by slightly lower net revenues in derivatives. Net revenues in securities services were essentially unchanged.

Operating expenses were $7.28 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 5% lower than the first nine months of 2016, due to decreased compensation and benefits expenses, reflecting lower net revenues. Pre-tax earnings were $2.25 billion in the first nine months of 2017, 30% lower than the first nine months of 2016.

Investing & Lending

Investing & Lending includes our investing activities and the origination of loans, including our relationship lending activities, to provide financing to clients. These investments and loans are typically longer-term in nature. We make investments, some of which are consolidated, directly and indirectly through funds that we manage, in debt securities and loans, public and private equity securities, infrastructure and real estate entities. We also make unsecured loans to individuals through our online platform.

The table below presents the operating results of our Investing & Lending segment.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Equity securities		$1,391	$   920		$3,369	$1,546
Debt securities and loans		492	478		1,554	1,050
Total net revenues		1,883	1,398		4,923	2,596
Operating expenses		855	690		2,368	1,714
Pre-tax earnings		$1,028	$   708		$2,555	$   882

Operating Environment. During the first nine months of 2017, generally higher global equity prices and tighter credit spreads contributed to a favorable environment for our equity and debt investments. Results also reflected net gains from corporate performance and company-specific events. This environment contrasts with the first nine months of 2016, where, in the first quarter of 2016, market conditions were difficult and corporate performance, particularly in the energy sector, was impacted by a challenging macroeconomic environment. If macroeconomic concerns negatively affect corporate performance or company-specific events, or if global equity markets decline or credit spreads widen, net revenues in Investing & Lending would likely be negatively impacted.

Three Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Net revenues in Investing & Lending were $1.88 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 35% higher than the third quarter of 2016. Net revenues in equity securities were $1.39 billion, 51% higher than the third quarter of 2016, reflecting a significant increase in net gains from investments in private equities, which were positively impacted by corporate performance and company-specific events. Of the $1.39 billion of net revenues, approximately 60% was driven by net gains from public equities and company-specific events, such as sales. Net revenues in debt securities and loans were $492 million, 3% higher than the third quarter of 2016, reflecting higher net interest income (the third quarter of 2017 included approximately $450 million of net interest income), partially offset by lower net gains from investments in debt instruments.

Operating expenses were $855 million for the third quarter of 2017, 24% higher than the third quarter of 2016, due to increased compensation and benefits expenses, reflecting higher net revenues, and higher expenses related to consolidated investments and our online loan and deposit platform. Pre-tax earnings were $1.03 billion in the third quarter of 2017, 45% higher than the third quarter of 2016.

Nine Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Net revenues in Investing & Lending were $4.92 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 90% higher than the first nine months of 2016. Net revenues in equity securities were $3.37 billion for the first nine months of 2017 compared with $1.55 billion for the first nine months of 2016, primarily reflecting a significant increase in net gains from private equities, which were positively impacted by corporate performance and company-specific events. In addition, net gains from public equities were significantly higher, as global equity prices increased during the first nine months of 2017. Net revenues in debt securities and loans were $1.55 billion, 48% higher than the first nine months of 2016, reflecting significantly higher net interest income and higher net gains from investments in debt instruments.

105 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Operating expenses were $2.37 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 38% higher than the first nine months of 2016, due to increased compensation and benefits expenses, reflecting higher net revenues, and higher expenses related to our online loan and deposit platform and consolidated investments. Pre-tax earnings were $2.56 billion in the first nine months of 2017, compared with pre-tax earnings of $882 million in the first nine months of 2016.

Investment Management

Investment Management provides investment management services and offers investment products (primarily through separately managed accounts and commingled vehicles, such as mutual funds and private investment funds) across all major asset classes to a diverse set of institutional and individual clients. Investment Management also offers wealth advisory services, including portfolio management and financial counseling, and brokerage and other transaction services to high-net-worth individuals and families.

Assets under supervision (AUS) include client assets where we earn a fee for managing assets on a discretionary basis. This includes net assets in our mutual funds, hedge funds, credit funds and private equity funds (including real estate funds), and separately managed accounts for institutional and individual investors. Assets under supervision also include client assets invested with third-party managers, bank deposits and advisory relationships where we earn a fee for advisory and other services, but do not have investment discretion. Assets under supervision do not include the self-directed brokerage assets of our clients. Long-term assets under supervision represent assets under supervision excluding liquidity products. Liquidity products represent money market and bank deposit assets.

Assets under supervision typically generate fees as a percentage of net asset value, which vary by asset class and distribution channel and are affected by investment performance as well as asset inflows and redemptions. Asset classes such as alternative investment and equity assets typically generate higher fees relative to fixed income and liquidity product assets. The average effective management fee (which excludes non-asset-based fees) we earned on our assets under supervision was 35 basis points for each of the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016.

In certain circumstances, we are also entitled to receive incentive fees based on a percentage of a fund’s or a separately managed account’s return, or when the return exceeds a specified benchmark or other performance targets. Incentive fees are recognized only when all material contingencies are resolved.

The table below presents the operating results of our Investment Management segment.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Management and other fees		$1,272	$1,225		$3,775	$3,571
Incentive fees		86	114		288	197
Transaction revenues		168	146		493	415
Total net revenues		1,526	1,485		4,556	4,183
Operating expenses		1,218	1,221		3,666	3,448
Pre-tax earnings		$   308	$   264		$   890	$   735

The table below presents our period-end assets under supervision by asset class.

	As of September
$ in billions		2017	2016
Alternative investments		$   169	$   152
Equity		305	268
Fixed income		654	600
Total long-term assets under supervision		1,128	1,020
Liquidity products		328	327
Total assets under supervision		$1,456	$1,347

In the table above, alternative investments primarily includes hedge funds, credit funds, private equity, real estate, currencies, commodities and asset allocation strategies.

The table below presents our period-end assets under supervision by distribution channel.

	As of September
$ in billions		2017	2016
Institutional		$   564	$   509
High-net-worth individuals		446	403
Third-party distributed		446	435
Total		$1,456	$1,347

The table below presents a summary of the changes in our assets under supervision.

	Three Months Ended September				Nine Months Ended September
$ in billions		2017		2016		2017		2016
Beginning balance		$1,406		$1,310		$1,379		$1,252
Net inflows/(outflows):
Alternative investments		2		1		17		4
Equity		(1	)	2		1		2
Fixed income		12		11		25		19
Total long-term AUS net inflows/(outflows)		13		14		43		25
Liquidity products		14		2		(30	)	21
Total AUS net inflows/(outflows)		27		16		13		46
Net market appreciation/(depreciation)		23		21		64		49
Ending balance		$1,456		$1,347		$1,456		$1,347

In the table above, total AUS net inflows/(outflows) for the nine months ended September 2017 included $23 billion of inflows ($20 billion in total long-term AUS and $3 billion in liquidity products) in connection with the acquisition of a portion of Verus Investors’ outsourced chief investment officer business (Verus acquisition) in June 2017 and $5 billion of equity asset outflows in connection with the divestiture of our local Australian-focused investment capabilities and fund platform (Australian divestiture).

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 106

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The table below presents our average monthly assets under supervision by asset class.

	Average for the
	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in billions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Alternative investments		$   167	$   151		$   160	$   148
Equity		297	262		285	254
Fixed income		645	592		626	573
Total long-term assets under supervision		1,109	1,005		1,071	975
Liquidity products		321	327		328	320
Total assets under supervision		$1,430	$1,332		$1,399	$1,295

Operating Environment. During the first nine months of 2017, Investment Management operated in an environment characterized by generally higher asset prices, resulting in appreciation in our client assets in both equity and fixed income assets. In addition, our long-term assets under supervision benefited from net inflows primarily in fixed income and alternative assets. These increases were partially offset by net outflows in liquidity products, primarily due to seasonal net outflows during the first quarter of 2017. As a result, the mix of average assets under supervision during the first nine months of 2017 shifted slightly from liquidity products to long-term assets under supervision as compared to the mix at the end of the prior year. In the future, if asset prices decline, or investors favor assets that typically generate lower fees or investors withdraw their assets, net revenues in Investment Management would likely be negatively impacted.

Three Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Net revenues in Investment Management were $1.53 billion for the third quarter of 2017, 3% higher than the third quarter of 2016, due to slightly higher management and other fees, reflecting higher average assets under supervision, and higher transaction revenues, partially offset by lower incentive fees. During the quarter, total assets under supervision increased $50 billion to $1.46 trillion. Long-term assets under supervision increased $36 billion, including net market appreciation of $23 billion, primarily in equity and fixed income assets, and net inflows of $13 billion, primarily in fixed income assets. Liquidity products increased $14 billion.

Operating expenses were $1.22 billion for the third quarter of 2017, essentially unchanged compared with the third quarter of 2016. Pre-tax earnings were $308 million in the third quarter of 2017, 17% higher than the third quarter of 2016.

Nine Months Ended September 2017 versus September 2016. Net revenues in Investment Management were $4.56 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 9% higher than the first nine months of 2016, due to higher management and other fees, reflecting higher average assets under supervision, as well as higher incentive fees and transaction revenues. During the first nine months of 2017, total assets under supervision increased $77 billion to $1.46 trillion. Long-term assets under supervision increased $107 billion, including net market appreciation of $64 billion, primarily in equity and fixed income assets, and net inflows of $43 billion (which includes $20 billion of inflows in connection with the Verus acquisition and $5 billion of equity asset outflows in connection with the Australian divestiture), primarily in fixed income and alternative assets. Liquidity products decreased $30 billion (which includes $3 billion of inflows in connection with the Verus acquisition).

Operating expenses were $3.67 billion for the first nine months of 2017, 6% higher than the first nine months of 2016, primarily due to increased compensation and benefits expenses, reflecting higher net revenues. Pre-tax earnings were $890 million in the first nine months of 2017, 21% higher than the first nine months of 2016.

Geographic Data

See Note 25 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for a summary of our total net revenues and pre-tax earnings by geographic region.

107 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Balance Sheet and Funding Sources

Balance Sheet Management

One of our risk management disciplines is our ability to manage the size and composition of our balance sheet. While our asset base changes due to client activity, market fluctuations and business opportunities, the size and composition of our balance sheet also reflects factors including (i) our overall risk tolerance, (ii) the amount of equity capital we hold and (iii) our funding profile, among other factors. See “Equity Capital Management and Regulatory Capital — Equity Capital Management” for information about our equity capital management process.

Although our balance sheet fluctuates on a day-to-day basis, our total assets at quarter-end and year-end dates are generally not materially different from those occurring within our reporting periods.

In order to ensure appropriate risk management, we seek to maintain a sufficiently liquid balance sheet and have processes in place to dynamically manage our assets and liabilities which include (i) balance sheet planning, (ii) balance sheet limits, (iii) monitoring of key metrics and (iv) scenario analyses.

Balance Sheet Planning. We prepare a balance sheet plan that combines our projected total assets and composition of assets with our expected funding sources over a one-year time horizon. This plan is reviewed quarterly and may be adjusted in response to changing business needs or market conditions. The objectives of this planning process are:

• To develop our balance sheet projections, taking into account the general state of the financial markets and expected business activity levels, as well as regulatory requirements;

• To allow business risk managers and managers from our independent control and support functions to objectively evaluate balance sheet limit requests from business managers in the context of our overall balance sheet constraints, including our liability profile and equity capital levels, and key metrics; and

• To inform the target amount, tenor and type of funding to raise, based on our projected assets and contractual maturities.

Business risk managers and managers from our independent control and support functions along with business managers review current and prior period information and expectations for the year to prepare our balance sheet plan. The specific information reviewed includes asset and liability size and composition, limit utilization, risk and performance measures, and capital usage.

Our consolidated balance sheet plan, including our balance sheets by business, funding projections, and projected key metrics, is reviewed and approved by the Firmwide Finance Committee. See “Risk Management — Overview and Structure of Risk Management” for an overview of our risk management structure.

Balance Sheet Limits. The Firmwide Finance Committee has the responsibility of reviewing and approving balance sheet limits. These limits are set at levels which are close to actual operating levels, rather than at levels which reflect our maximum risk appetite, in order to ensure prompt escalation and discussion among business managers and managers in our independent control and support functions on a routine basis. The Firmwide Finance Committee reviews and approves balance sheet limits on a quarterly basis and may also approve changes in limits on a more frequent basis in response to changing business needs or market conditions. In addition, the Risk Governance Committee sets aged inventory limits for certain financial instruments as a disincentive to hold inventory over longer periods of time. Requests for changes in limits are evaluated after giving consideration to their impact on our key metrics. Compliance with limits is monitored on a daily basis by business risk managers, as well as managers in our independent control and support functions.

Monitoring of Key Metrics. We monitor key balance sheet metrics daily both by business and on a consolidated basis, including asset and liability size and composition, limit utilization and risk measures. We allocate assets to businesses and review and analyze movements resulting from new business activity, as well as market fluctuations.

Scenario Analyses. We conduct various scenario analyses including as part of the Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR) and U.S. Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) Stress Tests (DFAST), as well as our resolution and recovery planning. See “Equity Capital Management and Regulatory Capital — Equity Capital Management” below for further information about these scenario analyses. These scenarios cover short-term and long-term time horizons using various macroeconomic and firm-specific assumptions, based on a range of economic scenarios. We use these analyses to assist us in developing our longer-term balance sheet management strategy, including the level and composition of assets, funding and equity capital. Additionally, these analyses help us develop approaches for maintaining appropriate funding, liquidity and capital across a variety of situations, including a severely stressed environment.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 108

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Balance Sheet Allocation

In addition to preparing our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition in accordance with U.S. GAAP, we prepare a balance sheet that generally allocates assets to our businesses, which is a non-GAAP presentation and may not be comparable to similar non-GAAP presentations used by other companies. We believe that presenting our assets on this basis is meaningful because it is consistent with the way management views and manages risks associated with our assets and better enables investors to assess the liquidity of our assets.

The table below presents our balance sheet allocation.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Global Core Liquid Assets (GCLA)		$220,379	$226,066
Other cash		10,480	9,088
GCLA and cash		230,859	235,154
Secured client financing		205,494	199,387
Inventory		231,347	206,988
Secured financing agreements		70,148	65,606
Receivables		46,501	29,592
Institutional Client Services		347,996	302,186
Public equity		2,136	3,224
Private equity		20,589	18,224
Debt		24,963	21,675
Loans receivable		61,486	49,672
Other		7,116	5,162
Investing & Lending		116,290	97,957
Total inventory and related assets		464,286	400,143
Other assets		29,493	25,481
Total assets		$930,132	$860,165

The following is a description of the captions in the table above:

• Global Core Liquid Assets and Cash. We maintain liquidity to meet a broad range of potential cash outflows and collateral needs in a stressed environment. See “Risk Management — Liquidity Risk Management” below for details on the composition and sizing of our GCLA. In addition to our GCLA, we maintain other unrestricted operating cash balances, primarily for use in specific currencies, entities, or jurisdictions where we do not have immediate access to parent company liquidity.

• Secured Client Financing. We provide collateralized financing for client positions, including margin loans secured by client collateral, securities borrowed, and resale agreements primarily collateralized by government obligations. We segregate cash and securities for regulatory and other purposes related to client activity. Securities are segregated from our own inventory, as well as from collateral obtained through securities borrowed or resale agreements. Our secured client financing arrangements, which are generally short-term, are accounted for at fair value or at amounts that approximate fair value, and include daily margin requirements to mitigate counterparty credit risk.

• Institutional Client Services. In Institutional Client Services, we maintain inventory positions to facilitate market making in fixed income, equity, currency and commodity products. Additionally, as part of market-making activities, we enter into resale or securities borrowing arrangements to obtain securities or use our own inventory to cover transactions in which we or our clients have sold securities that have not yet been purchased. The receivables in Institutional Client Services primarily relate to securities transactions.

• Investing & Lending. In Investing & Lending, we make investments and originate loans to provide financing to clients. These investments and loans are typically longer-term in nature. We make investments, directly and indirectly through funds that we manage, in debt securities, loans, public and private equity securities, infrastructure, real estate entities and other investments. We also make unsecured loans to individuals through our online platform. Debt included $14.01 billion and $14.23 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, of direct loans primarily extended to corporate and private wealth management clients that are accounted for at fair value. Loans receivable consists of loans held for investment that are accounted for at amortized cost net of allowance for loan losses. See Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about loans receivable.

• Other Assets. Other assets are generally less liquid, nonfinancial assets, including property, leasehold improvements and equipment, goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, income tax-related receivables and miscellaneous receivables.

109 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The table below presents the reconciliation of this balance sheet allocation to our U.S. GAAP balance sheet.

$ in millions	GCLA and Cash	Secured Client Financing	Institutional Client Services	Investing & Lending	Total
As of September 2017
Cash and cash equivalents	$  99,188	$  17,422	$           –	$           –	$116,610
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	54,738	36,396	20,823	575	112,532
Securities borrowed	37,504	101,565	49,325	–	188,394
Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations	–	6,349	22,099	–	28,448
Receivables from customers and counterparties	–	29,208	24,402	6,085	59,695
Loans receivable	–	–	–	61,486	61,486
Financial instruments owned	39,429	14,554	231,347	48,144	333,474
Subtotal	$230,859	$205,494	$347,996	$116,290	$900,639
Other assets					29,493
Total assets					$930,132
As of December 2016
Cash and cash equivalents	$107,066	$  14,645	$           –	$           –	$121,711
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	56,583	40,436	18,844	1,062	116,925
Securities borrowed	41,652	96,186	46,762	–	184,600
Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations	–	6,540	11,504	–	18,044
Receivables from customers and counterparties	–	26,286	18,088	3,406	47,780
Loans receivable	–	–	–	49,672	49,672
Financial instruments owned	29,853	15,294	206,988	43,817	295,952
Subtotal	$235,154	$199,387	$302,186	$  97,957	$834,684
Other assets					25,481
Total assets					$860,165

In the table above:

• Total assets for Institutional Client Services and Investing & Lending represent inventory and related assets. These amounts differ from total assets by business segment disclosed in Note 25 to the condensed consolidated financial statements because total assets disclosed in Note 25 include allocations of our GCLA and cash, secured client financing and other assets.

• See “Balance Sheet Analysis and Metrics” for explanations on the changes in our balance sheet from December 2016 to September 2017.

Balance Sheet Analysis and Metrics

As of September 2017, total assets in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition were $930.13 billion, an increase of $69.97 billion from December 2016, reflecting increases in financial instruments owned of $37.52 billion, receivables from customers and counterparties of $11.92 billion, loans receivable of $11.81 billion, and receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations of $10.40 billion. The increase in financial instruments owned reflected increases in U.S. government and agency obligations, equity securities and non-U.S. government and agency obligations related to client activity. The increases in receivables from customers and counterparties and receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations reflected client activity. The increase in loans receivable primarily reflected an increase in loans to corporate borrowers and loans backed by real estate.

As of September 2017, total liabilities in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition were $843.84 billion, an increase of $70.57 billion from December 2016, primarily reflecting increases in unsecured long-term borrowings of $22.77 billion, collateralized financings of $21.46 billion, payables to customers and counterparties of $9.42 billion and deposits of $8.66 billion. The increase in unsecured long-term borrowings was primarily due to net new issuances. The increase in collateralized financings reflected the impact of firm and client activity. The increase in payables to customers and counterparties reflected client activity. The increase in deposits reflected an increase in institutional deposits in Goldman Sachs International Bank (GSIB).

As of September 2017 and December 2016, our total securities sold under agreements to repurchase, accounted for as collateralized financings, were $86.42 billion and $71.82 billion, respectively, which were essentially unchanged and 5% lower, respectively, compared with the daily average amount of repurchase agreements over the respective quarters. The level of our repurchase agreements fluctuates between and within periods, primarily due to providing clients with access to highly liquid collateral, such as U.S. government and agency, and investment-grade sovereign obligations through collateralized financing activities.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 110

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The table below presents information about our assets, unsecured long-term borrowings, shareholders’ equity and leverage ratios.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Total assets		$930,132	$860,165
Unsecured long-term borrowings		$211,852	$189,086
Total shareholders’ equity		$  86,292	$  86,893
Leverage ratio		10.8x	9.9x
Debt to equity ratio		2.5x	2.2x

In the table above:

• The leverage ratio equals total assets divided by total shareholders’ equity and measures the proportion of equity and debt we use to finance assets. This ratio is different from the Tier 1 leverage ratio included in Note 20 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

• The debt to equity ratio equals unsecured long-term borrowings divided by total shareholders’ equity.

The table below presents information about our shareholders’ equity and book value per common share, including the reconciliation of total shareholders’ equity to tangible common shareholders’ equity.

	As of
$ in millions, except per share amounts		September 2017		December 2016
Total shareholders’ equity		$ 86,292		$ 86,893
Preferred stock		(11,203	)	(11,203	)
Common shareholders’ equity		75,089		75,690
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets		(4,058	)	(4,095	)
Tangible common shareholders’ equity		$ 71,031		$ 71,595
Book value per common share		$ 190.73		$ 182.47
Tangible book value per common share		$ 180.42		$ 172.60

In the table above:

• Tangible common shareholders’ equity equals total shareholders’ equity less preferred stock, goodwill and identifiable intangible assets. We believe that tangible common shareholders’ equity is meaningful because it is a measure that we and investors use to assess capital adequacy. Tangible common shareholders’ equity is a non-GAAP measure and may not be comparable to similar non-GAAP measures used by other companies.

• Book value per common share and tangible book value per common share are based on common shares outstanding and RSUs granted to employees with no future service requirements (collectively, basic shares) of 393.7 million and 414.8 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. We believe that tangible book value per common share (tangible common shareholders’ equity divided by basic shares) is meaningful because it is a measure that we and investors use to assess capital adequacy. Tangible book value per common share is a non-GAAP measure and may not be comparable to similar non-GAAP measures used by other companies.

Funding Sources

Our primary sources of funding are secured financings, unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings, and deposits. We seek to maintain broad and diversified funding sources globally across products, programs, markets, currencies and creditors to avoid funding concentrations.

We raise funding through a number of different products, including:

• Collateralized financings, such as repurchase agreements, securities loaned and other secured financings;

• Long-term unsecured debt (including structured notes) through syndicated U.S. registered offerings, U.S. registered and Rule 144A medium-term note programs, offshore medium-term note offerings and other debt offerings;

• Savings, demand and time deposits through internal and third-party broker-dealers, as well as from retail and institutional customers; and

• Short-term unsecured debt at the subsidiary level through U.S. and non-U.S. hybrid financial instruments and other methods.

Our funding is primarily raised in U.S. dollar, Euro, British pound and Japanese yen. We generally distribute our funding products through our own sales force and third-party distributors to a large, diverse creditor base in a variety of markets in the Americas, Europe and Asia. We believe that our relationships with our creditors are critical to our liquidity. Our creditors include banks, governments, securities lenders, corporations, pension funds, insurance companies, mutual funds and individuals. We have imposed various internal guidelines to monitor creditor concentration across our funding programs.

111 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Secured Funding. We fund a significant amount of inventory on a secured basis, including repurchase agreements, securities loaned and other secured financings. As of September 2017 and December 2016, secured funding included in “Collateralized financings” in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition was $122.32 billion and $100.86 billion, respectively. We may also pledge our inventory as collateral for securities borrowed under a securities lending agreement or as collateral for derivative transactions. We also use our own inventory to cover transactions in which we or our clients have sold securities that have not yet been purchased. Secured funding is less sensitive to changes in our credit quality than unsecured funding, due to our posting of collateral to our lenders. Nonetheless, we continually analyze the refinancing risk of our secured funding activities, taking into account trade tenors, maturity profiles, counterparty concentrations, collateral eligibility and counterparty rollover probabilities. We seek to mitigate our refinancing risk by executing term trades with staggered maturities, diversifying counterparties, raising excess secured funding, and pre-funding residual risk through our GCLA.

We seek to raise secured funding with a term appropriate for the liquidity of the assets that are being financed, and we seek longer maturities for secured funding collateralized by asset classes that may be harder to fund on a secured basis, especially during times of market stress. Our secured funding, excluding funding collateralized by liquid government obligations, is primarily executed for tenors of one month or greater. Assets that may be harder to fund on a secured basis during times of market stress include certain financial instruments in the following categories: mortgage and other asset-backed loans and securities, non-investment-grade corporate debt securities, equity securities and emerging market securities. Assets that are classified in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy are generally funded on an unsecured basis. See Notes 5 and 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about the classification of financial instruments in the fair value hierarchy and “Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings” below for further information about the use of unsecured long-term borrowings as a source of funding.

The weighted average maturity of our secured funding included in “Collateralized financings” in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, excluding funding that can only be collateralized by highly liquid securities eligible for inclusion in our GCLA, exceeded 120 days as of September 2017.

A majority of our secured funding for securities not eligible for inclusion in the GCLA is executed through term repurchase agreements and securities loaned contracts. We also raise financing through other types of collateralized financings, such as secured loans and notes. Goldman Sachs Bank USA (GS Bank USA) has access to funding from the Federal Home Loan Bank. As of September 2017, our outstanding borrowings against the Federal Home Loan Bank were $1.93 billion.

GS Bank USA also has access to funding through the Federal Reserve Bank discount window. While we do not rely on this funding in our liquidity planning and stress testing, we maintain policies and procedures necessary to access this funding and test discount window borrowing procedures.

Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings. We issue unsecured long-term borrowings as a source of funding for inventory and other assets and to finance a portion of our GCLA. We issue in different tenors, currencies and products to maximize the diversification of our investor base.

The table below presents our quarterly unsecured long-term borrowings maturity profile as of September 2017.

$ in millions	First Quarter	Second Quarter	Third Quarter	Fourth Quarter	Total
2018	$       –	$       –	$       –	$  7,529	$    7,529
2019	$6,977	$6,735	$3,848	$10,611	28,171
2020	$5,250	$8,040	$5,890	$  3,483	22,663
2021	$2,776	$3,619	$7,775	$  7,493	21,663
2022	$6,036	$5,969	$5,387	$  1,004	18,396
2023 - thereafter					113,430
Total					$211,852

The weighted average maturity of our unsecured long-term borrowings as of September 2017 was approximately eight years. To mitigate refinancing risk, we seek to limit the principal amount of debt maturing on any one day or during any week or year. We enter into interest rate swaps to convert a portion of our unsecured long-term borrowings into floating-rate obligations in order to manage our exposure to interest rates. See Note 16 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our unsecured long-term borrowings.

Deposits. Our deposits provide us with a diversified source of liquidity and reduce our reliance on wholesale funding. A growing source of our deposit base consists of retail deposits. Deposits are primarily used to finance lending activity, other inventory and a portion of our GCLA. We raise deposits primarily through GS Bank USA and GSIB. As of September 2017 and December 2016, our deposits were $132.76 billion and $124.10 billion, respectively. See Note 14 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our deposits.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 112

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Unsecured Short-Term Borrowings. A significant portion of our unsecured short-term borrowings was originally long-term debt that is scheduled to mature within one year of the reporting date. We use unsecured short-term borrowings, including hybrid financial instruments, to finance liquid assets and for other cash management purposes. In light of regulatory developments, Group Inc. no longer issues debt with an original maturity of less than one year, other than to its subsidiaries.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, our unsecured short-term borrowings, including the current portion of unsecured long-term borrowings, were $45.36 billion and $39.27 billion, respectively. See Note 15 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our unsecured short-term borrowings.

Equity Capital Management and Regulatory Capital

Capital adequacy is of critical importance to us. We have in place a comprehensive capital management policy that provides a framework, defines objectives and establishes guidelines to assist us in maintaining the appropriate level and composition of capital in both business-as-usual and stressed conditions.

Equity Capital Management

We determine the appropriate level and composition of our equity capital by considering multiple factors including our current and future consolidated regulatory capital requirements, the results of our capital planning and stress testing process, resolution capital models and other factors, such as rating agency guidelines, subsidiary capital requirements, the business environment and conditions in the financial markets. We manage our capital requirements and the levels of our capital usage principally by setting limits on balance sheet assets and/or limits on risk, in each case at both the consolidated and business levels.

We principally manage the level and composition of our equity capital through issuances and repurchases of our common stock. We may also, from time to time, issue or repurchase our preferred stock, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts, and other subordinated debt or other forms of capital as business conditions warrant. Prior to any repurchases, we must receive confirmation that the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Federal Reserve Board) does not object to such capital action. See Notes 16 and 19 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our preferred stock, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts and other subordinated debt.

Capital Planning and Stress Testing Process. As part of capital planning, we project sources and uses of capital given a range of business environments, including stressed conditions. Our stress testing process is designed to identify and measure material risks associated with our business activities including market risk, credit risk and operational risk, as well as our ability to generate revenues.

The following is a description of our capital planning and stress testing process:

• Capital Planning. Our capital planning process incorporates an internal capital adequacy assessment with the objective of ensuring that we are appropriately capitalized relative to the risks in our business. We incorporate stress scenarios into our capital planning process with a goal of holding sufficient capital to ensure we remain adequately capitalized after experiencing a severe stress event. Our assessment of capital adequacy is viewed in tandem with our assessment of liquidity adequacy and is integrated into our overall risk management structure, governance and policy framework.

Our capital planning process also includes an internal risk-based capital assessment. This assessment incorporates market risk, credit risk and operational risk. Market risk is calculated by using Value-at-Risk (VaR) calculations supplemented by risk-based add-ons which include risks related to rare events (tail risks). Credit risk utilizes assumptions about our counterparties’ probability of default and the size of our losses in the event of a default. Operational risk is calculated based on scenarios incorporating multiple types of operational failures, as well as considering internal and external actual loss experience. Backtesting for market risk and credit risk is used to gauge the effectiveness of models at capturing and measuring relevant risks.

• Stress Testing. Our stress tests incorporate our internally designed stress scenarios, including our internally developed severely adverse scenario, and those required under CCAR and DFAST, and are designed to capture our specific vulnerabilities and risks. We provide further information about our stress test processes and a summary of the results on our website as described in “Available Information” below.

As required by the Federal Reserve Board’s annual CCAR rules, we submit a capital plan for review by the Federal Reserve Board. The purpose of the Federal Reserve Board’s review is to ensure that we have a robust, forward-looking capital planning process that accounts for our unique risks and that permits continued operation during times of economic and financial stress.

113 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The Federal Reserve Board evaluates us based, in part, on whether we have the capital necessary to continue operating under the baseline and stress scenarios provided by the Federal Reserve Board and those developed internally. This evaluation also takes into account our process for identifying risk, our controls and governance for capital planning, and our guidelines for making capital planning decisions. In addition, the Federal Reserve Board evaluates our plan to make capital distributions (i.e., dividend payments and repurchases or redemptions of stock, subordinated debt or other capital securities) and issue capital, across a range of macroeconomic scenarios and firm-specific assumptions.

In addition, the DFAST rules require us to conduct stress tests on a semi-annual basis and publish a summary of certain results. The Federal Reserve Board also conducts its own annual stress tests and publishes a summary of certain results.

With respect to our 2017 CCAR submission, the Federal Reserve Board informed us that it did not object to our capital actions. These capital actions included the potential to repurchase outstanding common stock of up to $8.70 billion, and the potential to issue and redeem other capital securities over the twelve-month period beginning July 2017, and the potential to increase our common stock dividend by up to $0.05 per share in the second quarter of 2018.

The amount and timing of our capital actions will be based on, among other things, our current and projected capital position, and capital deployment opportunities. We published a summary of our annual DFAST results in June 2017. See “Available Information” below.

In October 2017, we submitted our semi-annual DFAST results to the Federal Reserve Board and published a summary of the results of our internally developed severely adverse scenario. See “Available Information” below.

In addition, the rules adopted by the Federal Reserve Board under the Dodd-Frank Act require GS Bank USA to conduct stress tests on an annual basis and publish a summary of certain results. GS Bank USA submitted its 2017 annual DFAST results to the Federal Reserve Board in April 2017 and published a summary of its annual DFAST results in June 2017. See “Available Information” below.

Goldman Sachs International (GSI) also has its own capital planning and stress testing process, which incorporates internally designed stress tests and those required under the Prudential Regulation Authority’s (PRA) Internal Capital Adequacy Assessment Process.

Contingency Capital Plan. As part of our comprehensive capital management policy, we maintain a contingency capital plan. Our contingency capital plan provides a framework for analyzing and responding to a perceived or actual capital deficiency, including, but not limited to, identification of drivers of a capital deficiency, as well as mitigants and potential actions. It outlines the appropriate communication procedures to follow during a crisis period, including internal dissemination of information, as well as timely communication with external stakeholders.

Capital Attribution. We assess each of our businesses’ capital usage based upon our internal assessment of risks, which incorporates an attribution of all of our relevant regulatory capital requirements. These regulatory capital requirements are allocated using our attributed equity framework, which takes into consideration our binding capital constraints. We also attribute risk-weighted assets (RWAs) to our business segments. As of September 2017, approximately 60% of RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules, subject to transitional provisions, were attributed to our Institutional Client Services segment and substantially all of the remaining RWAs were attributed to our Investing & Lending segment. We manage the levels of our capital usage based upon balance sheet and risk limits, as well as capital return analyses of our businesses based on our capital attribution.

Share Repurchase Program. We use our share repurchase program to help maintain the appropriate level of common equity. The repurchase program is effected primarily through regular open-market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1), the amounts and timing of which are determined primarily by our current and projected capital position and our capital plan submitted to the Federal Reserve Board as part of CCAR. The amounts and timing of the repurchases may also be influenced by general market conditions and the prevailing price and trading volumes of our common stock.

As of September 2017, the remaining share authorization under our existing repurchase program was 54.2 million shares; however, we are only permitted to make repurchases to the extent that such repurchases have not been objected to by the Federal Reserve Board. See “Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds” in Part II, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q and Note 19 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our share repurchase program, and see above for information about our capital planning and stress testing process.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 114

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Resolution Capital Models. In connection with our resolution planning efforts, we have established a Resolution Capital Adequacy and Positioning (RCAP) framework, which is designed to ensure that our major subsidiaries (GS Bank USA, Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (GS&Co.), GSI, GSIB, Goldman Sachs Japan Co., Ltd. (GSJCL), Goldman Sachs Asset Management, L.P. and Goldman Sachs Asset Management International) have access to sufficient loss-absorbing capacity (in the form of equity, subordinated debt and unsecured senior debt) so that they are able to wind-down following a Group Inc. bankruptcy filing in accordance with our preferred resolution strategy. See “Regulatory Matters and Developments — Resolution and Recovery Plans” for further information.

Rating Agency Guidelines

The credit rating agencies assign credit ratings to the obligations of Group Inc., which directly issues or guarantees substantially all of our senior unsecured obligations. GS&Co. and GSI have been assigned long- and short-term issuer ratings by certain credit rating agencies. GS Bank USA and GSIB have also been assigned long- and short-term issuer ratings, as well as ratings on their long-term and short-term bank deposits. In addition, credit rating agencies have assigned ratings to debt obligations of certain other subsidiaries of Group Inc.

The level and composition of our equity capital are among the many factors considered in determining our credit ratings. Each agency has its own definition of eligible capital and methodology for evaluating capital adequacy, and assessments are generally based on a combination of factors rather than a single calculation. See “Risk Management — Liquidity Risk Management — Credit Ratings” for further information about credit ratings of Group Inc., GS Bank USA, GSIB, GS&Co. and GSI.

Consolidated Regulatory Capital

We are subject to the Federal Reserve Board’s revised risk-based capital and leverage regulations, subject to certain transitional provisions (Revised Capital Framework). These regulations are largely based on the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s (Basel Committee) capital framework for strengthening international capital standards (Basel III) and also implement certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. Under the Revised Capital Framework, we are an “Advanced approach” banking organization.

We calculate our CET1, Tier 1 capital and Total capital ratios in accordance with (i) the Standardized approach and market risk rules set out in the Revised Capital Framework (together, the Standardized Capital Rules) and (ii) the Advanced approach and market risk rules set out in the Revised Capital Framework (together, the Basel III Advanced Rules) as described in Note 20 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

The lower of each ratio calculated in (i) and (ii) is the ratio against which our compliance with minimum ratio requirements is assessed. Each of the ratios calculated in accordance with the Basel III Advanced Rules was lower than that calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and therefore the Basel III Advanced ratios were the ratios that applied to us as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

See Note 20 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our capital ratios as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and for further information about the Revised Capital Framework.

Minimum Capital Ratios and Capital Buffers

The table below presents our minimum required ratios as of September 2017.

	September 2017 Minimum Ratio
CET1 ratio	7.000%
Tier 1 capital ratio	8.500%
Total capital ratio	10.500%
Tier 1 leverage ratio	4.000%

In the table above:

• The minimum capital ratios as of September 2017 reflect (i) the 50% phase-in of the capital conservation buffer of 2.5%, (ii) the 50% phase-in of the Global Systemically Important Bank (G-SIB) buffer of 2.5% (based on 2015 financial data) and (iii) the countercyclical capital buffer of zero percent.

• Tier 1 leverage ratio is defined as Tier 1 capital divided by quarterly average adjusted total assets (which includes adjustments for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, and certain investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions).

The minimum capital ratios applicable to us as of January 2019 will reflect the fully phased-in capital conservation buffer, the countercyclical capital buffer, if any, determined by the Federal Reserve Board and the fully phased-in G-SIB buffer. The G-SIB buffer applicable to us as of January 2019 is 2.5%. Based on financial data for the nine months ended September 2017, our current estimate is that we are slightly above the threshold for the 3.0% G-SIB buffer. The earliest this estimate could be effective is January 2020. The G-SIB and countercyclical buffers in the future may differ due to additional guidance from our regulators and/or positional changes.

Our minimum required supplementary leverage ratio will be 5.0% on January 1, 2018. See “Supplementary Leverage Ratio” below for further information.

See Note 20 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information about our capital buffers.

115 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Fully Phased-in Capital Ratios

The table below presents our capital ratios calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules on a fully phased-in basis.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Common shareholders’ equity		$  75,089		$  75,690
Deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		(2,976	)	(3,015	)
Deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		–		(765	)
Other adjustments		(450	)	(799	)
Total Common Equity Tier 1		71,663		71,111
Preferred stock		11,203		11,203
Deduction for investments in covered funds		(536	)	(445	)
Other adjustments		(59	)	(61	)
Tier 1 capital		$  82,271		$  81,808
Standardized Tier 2 and Total capital
Tier 1 capital		$  82,271		$  81,808
Qualifying subordinated debt		13,567		14,566
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		980		722
Other adjustments		(1	)	(6	)
Standardized Tier 2 capital		14,546		15,282
Standardized Total capital		$  96,817		$  97,090
Basel III Advanced Tier 2 and Total capital
Tier 1 capital		$  82,271		$  81,808
Standardized Tier 2 capital		14,546		15,282
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		(980	)	(722	)
Basel III Advanced Tier 2 capital		13,566		14,560
Basel III Advanced Total capital		$  95,837		$  96,368
Risk-Weighted Assets
Credit RWAs		$472,653		$422,544
Market RWAs		80,026		85,263
Standardized RWAs		$552,679		$507,807
Credit RWAs		$417,282		$361,223
Market RWAs		79,689		84,475
Operational RWAs		115,713		115,088
Basel III Advanced RWAs		$612,684		$560,786
CET1 ratio
Standardized		13.0%		14.0%
Basel III Advanced		11.7%		12.7%
Tier 1 capital ratio
Standardized		14.9%		16.1%
Basel III Advanced		13.4%		14.6%
Total capital ratio
Standardized		17.5%		19.1%
Basel III Advanced		15.6%		17.2%

Although the deductions from and adjustments to regulatory capital in the table above will not be fully phased-in until 2018, we believe that the fully phased-in capital ratios are meaningful because they are measures that we, our regulators and investors use to assess our ability to meet future regulatory capital requirements. These fully phased-in capital ratios are non-GAAP measures and may not be comparable to similar non-GAAP measures used by other companies. These ratios are based on our current interpretation, expectations and understanding of the Revised Capital Framework and may evolve as we discuss the interpretation and application of this framework with our regulators.

In the table above:

• Deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities, included goodwill of $3.67 billion as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and identifiable intangible assets of $393 million and $429 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, net of associated deferred tax liabilities of $1.08 billion as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

• Deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions represents the amount by which our investments in the capital of nonconsolidated financial institutions exceed certain prescribed thresholds. The decrease from December 2016 to September 2017 primarily reflects reductions in our fund investments.

• Deduction for investments in covered funds represents our aggregate investments in applicable covered funds, excluding investments that are subject to an extended conformance period. This deduction was not subject to a transition period. See “Regulatory Matters and Developments” below for further information about the Volcker Rule.

• Other adjustments within CET1 primarily include the overfunded portion of our defined benefit pension plan obligation net of associated deferred tax liabilities, disallowed deferred tax assets, credit valuation adjustments on derivative liabilities, debt valuation adjustments and other required credit risk-based deductions.

• Qualifying subordinated debt is subordinated debt issued by Group Inc. with an original maturity of five years or greater. The outstanding amount of subordinated debt qualifying for Tier 2 capital is reduced upon reaching a remaining maturity of five years. See Note 16 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our subordinated debt.

See Note 20 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information about our transitional capital ratios, which represent the ratios that are applicable to us as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 116

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Supplementary Leverage Ratio

The Revised Capital Framework includes a supplementary leverage ratio requirement for Advanced approach banking organizations. Under amendments to the Revised Capital Framework, the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies approved a final rule that implements the supplementary leverage ratio aligned with the definition of leverage established by the Basel Committee. The supplementary leverage ratio compares Tier 1 capital to a measure of leverage exposure, which consists of total daily average assets for the quarter and certain off-balance-sheet exposures, less certain balance sheet deductions. The Revised Capital Framework requires a minimum supplementary leverage ratio of 5.0% (consisting of the minimum requirement of 3.0% and a 2.0% buffer) for U.S. bank holding companies deemed to be G-SIBs, effective on January 1, 2018.

The table below presents our supplementary leverage ratio, calculated on a fully phased-in basis.

	For the Three Months Ended or as of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Tier 1 capital		$     82,271		$     81,808
Total average assets		$   927,036		$   883,515
Deductions from Tier 1 capital		(4,163	)	(4,897	)
Total adjusted average assets		922,873		878,618
Off-balance-sheet exposures		421,540		391,555
Total supplementary leverage exposure		$1,344,413		$1,270,173
Supplementary leverage ratio		6.1%		6.4%

In the table above, the off-balance-sheet exposures consists of derivatives, securities financing transactions, commitments and guarantees.

This supplementary leverage ratio is based on our current interpretation and understanding of the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies’ final rule and may evolve as we discuss the interpretation and application of this rule with our regulators.

Subsidiary Capital Requirements

Many of our subsidiaries, including GS Bank USA and our broker-dealer subsidiaries, are subject to separate regulation and capital requirements of the jurisdictions in which they operate.

GS Bank USA. GS Bank USA is subject to regulatory capital requirements that are calculated in substantially the same manner as those applicable to bank holding companies and calculates its capital ratios in accordance with the risk-based capital and leverage requirements applicable to state member banks, which are based on the Revised Capital Framework. See Note 20 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about the Revised Capital Framework as it relates to GS Bank USA, including GS Bank USA’s capital ratios and required minimum ratios.

In addition, under Federal Reserve Board rules, commencing on January 1, 2018, in order to be considered a “well-capitalized” depository institution, GS Bank USA must have a supplementary leverage ratio of 6.0% or greater. The supplementary leverage ratio compares Tier 1 capital to a measure of leverage exposure, defined as total daily average assets for the quarter and certain off-balance-sheet exposures, less certain balance sheet deductions.

The table below presents GS Bank USA’s supplementary leverage ratio, calculated on a fully phased-in basis.

	For the Three Months Ended or as of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Tier 1 capital		$  25,011		$  24,479
Total average assets		$156,722		$169,721
Deductions from Tier 1 capital		(13	)	(20	)
Total adjusted average assets		156,709		169,701
Off-balance-sheet exposures		182,141		163,464
Total supplementary leverage exposure		$338,850		$333,165
Supplementary leverage ratio		7.4%		7.3%

In the table above, the off-balance-sheet exposures consists of derivatives, securities financing transactions, commitments and guarantees.

This supplementary leverage ratio is based on our current interpretation and understanding of this rule and may evolve as we discuss their interpretation and application with our regulators.

GSI. Our regulated U.K. broker-dealer, GSI, is one of our principal non-U.S. regulated subsidiaries and is regulated by the PRA and the Financial Conduct Authority. GSI is subject to the revised capital framework for E.U.-regulated financial institutions prescribed in the E.U. Fourth Capital Requirements Directive (CRD IV) and the E.U. Capital Requirements Regulation (CRR). These capital regulations are largely based on Basel III.

117 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The table below presents GSI’s minimum required ratios.

	September 2017 Minimum Ratio	December 2016 Minimum Ratio
CET1 ratio	7.160%	6.549%
Tier 1 capital ratio	9.137%	8.530%
Total capital ratio	11.763%	11.163%

The minimum ratios in the table above incorporate capital guidance received from the PRA and could change in the future. GSI’s future capital requirements may also be impacted by developments such as the introduction of capital buffers as described above in “Minimum Capital Ratios and Capital Buffers.”

As of September 2017, GSI had a CET1 ratio of 10.6%, a Tier 1 capital ratio of 13.1% and a Total capital ratio of 15.4%. Each of these ratios included approximately 48 basis points attributable to profit for the nine months ended September 2017, which will be finalized upon the issuance of GSI’s 2017 annual audited financial statements. As of December 2016, GSI had a CET1 ratio of 12.9%, a Tier 1 capital ratio of 12.9% and a Total capital ratio of 17.2%.

In November 2016, the European Commission proposed amendments to the CRR to implement a 3% minimum leverage ratio requirement for certain E.U. financial institutions. This leverage ratio compares the CRR’s definition of Tier 1 capital to a measure of leverage exposure, defined as the sum of certain assets plus certain off-balance-sheet exposures (which include a measure of derivatives, securities financing transactions, commitments and guarantees), less Tier 1 capital deductions. Any required minimum ratio is expected to become effective for GSI no earlier than January 1, 2018. As of September 2017 and December 2016, GSI had a leverage ratio of 3.9% and 3.8%, respectively. The ratio as of September 2017 included approximately 14 basis points attributable to profit for the nine months ended September 2017, which will be finalized upon the issuance of GSI’s 2017 annual audited financial statements. This leverage ratio is based on our current interpretation and understanding of this rule and may evolve as we discuss the interpretation and application of this rule with GSI’s regulators.

Other Subsidiaries. The capital requirements of several of our subsidiaries may increase in the future due to the various developments arising from the Basel Committee, the Dodd-Frank Act, and other governmental entities and regulators. See Note 20 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information about the capital requirements of our other regulated subsidiaries.

Subsidiaries not subject to separate regulatory capital requirements may hold capital to satisfy local tax and legal guidelines, rating agency requirements (for entities with assigned credit ratings) or internal policies, including policies concerning the minimum amount of capital a subsidiary should hold based on its underlying level of risk. In certain instances, Group Inc. may be limited in its ability to access capital held at certain subsidiaries as a result of regulatory, tax or other constraints. As of September 2017 and December 2016, Group Inc.’s equity investment in subsidiaries was $96.88 billion and $92.77 billion, respectively, compared with its total shareholders’ equity of $86.29 billion and $86.89 billion, respectively.

Our capital invested in non-U.S. subsidiaries is generally exposed to foreign exchange risk, substantially all of which is managed through a combination of derivatives and non-U.S. denominated debt. See Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information about our net investment hedges, which are used to hedge this risk.

Guarantees of Subsidiaries. Group Inc. has guaranteed the payment obligations of GS&Co. and GS Bank USA, in each case subject to certain exceptions.

Regulatory Matters and Developments

Our businesses are subject to significant and evolving regulation. The Dodd-Frank Act, enacted in July 2010, significantly altered the financial regulatory regime within which we operate. In addition, other reforms have been adopted or are being considered by regulators and policy makers worldwide. Given that many of the new and proposed rules are highly complex, the full impact of regulatory reform will not be known until the rules are implemented and market practices develop under the final regulations.

There has been increased regulation of, and limitations on, our activities, including the Dodd-Frank Act prohibition on “proprietary trading” and the limitation on the sponsorship of, and investment in, “covered funds” (as defined in the Volcker Rule). In addition, there is increased regulation of, and restrictions on, OTC derivatives markets and transactions, particularly related to swaps and security-based swaps.

See “Business — Regulation” in Part I, Item 1 of the 2016 Form 10-K for further information about the laws, rules and regulations and proposed laws, rules and regulations that apply to us and our operations. In addition, see Note 20 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information about regulatory developments as they relate to our regulatory capital and leverage ratios.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 118

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Volcker Rule

The provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act referred to as the “Volcker Rule” became effective in July 2015 (subject to a conformance period, as applicable). The Volcker Rule prohibits “proprietary trading,” but permits activities such as underwriting, market making and risk-mitigation hedging, requires an extensive compliance program and includes additional reporting and record-keeping requirements.

In addition to the prohibition on proprietary trading, the Volcker Rule limits the sponsorship of, and investment in, covered funds by banking entities, including Group Inc. and its subsidiaries. It also limits certain types of transactions between us and our sponsored funds, similar to the limitations on transactions between depository institutions and their affiliates as described in “Business — Regulation” in Part I, Item 1 of the 2016 Form 10-K. Covered funds include our private equity funds, certain of our credit and real estate funds, our hedge funds and certain other investment structures. The limitation on investments in covered funds requires us to reduce our investment in each such fund to 3% or less of the fund’s net asset value, and to reduce our aggregate investment in all such funds to 3% or less of our Tier 1 capital.

Our investments in applicable covered funds are required to be deducted from Tier 1 capital, excluding investments that are subject to the extended conformance period. See “Equity Capital Management and Regulatory Capital — Fully Phased-in Capital Ratios” for further information about our Tier 1 capital and the deduction for investments in covered funds.

As of September 2017, our investments in funds measured at net asset value (NAV) were $5.44 billion. See Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our investments in funds at NAV and the extended conformance period under the Volcker Rule for legacy “illiquid covered funds” (as defined by the Volcker Rule).

We will continue to manage and conform our existing interests in such funds, taking into account the extended conformance period under the Volcker Rule. We plan to continue to conduct our investing and lending activities in ways that are permissible under the Volcker Rule.

Although our net revenues from our interests in private equity, credit, real estate and hedge funds may vary from period to period, our aggregate net revenues from these investments were approximately 3% and 5% of our aggregate total net revenues over the last 10 years and 5 years, respectively.

Resolution and Recovery Plans

We are required by the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC to submit a periodic plan that describes our strategy for a rapid and orderly resolution in the event of material financial distress or failure (resolution plan). We are also required by the Federal Reserve Board to submit and have submitted, on a periodic basis, a global recovery plan that outlines the steps that management could take to reduce risk, maintain sufficient liquidity, and conserve capital in times of prolonged stress.

In April 2016, the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC provided feedback on the 2015 resolution plans of eight systemically important domestic banking institutions and provided guidance related to the 2017 resolution plan submissions. While our 2015 resolution plan was not jointly found to be deficient (i.e., non-credible or to not facilitate an orderly resolution under the U.S. Bankruptcy Code), the FDIC identified deficiencies and both the FDIC and Federal Reserve Board also identified certain shortcomings. In response to the feedback received, in September 2016, we submitted a status report on our actions to address these shortcomings and, in June 2017, we submitted our 2017 resolution plan. In September 2017, the Federal Reserve Board and the FDIC extended the next resolution plan filing deadline by one year to July 1, 2019. See “Available Information” below.

Our preferred resolution strategy is a variation on a single point of entry strategy under which, in resolution, Group Inc. would enter bankruptcy proceedings but our major subsidiaries would be recapitalized and receive additional liquidity, as necessary, and wind-down (or in the case of asset management entities, be sold) outside of resolution proceedings in an orderly manner.

To facilitate the execution of our preferred resolution strategy, we formed Goldman Sachs Funding LLC (Funding IHC), a wholly-owned, direct subsidiary of Group Inc. In exchange for an unsecured subordinated funding note and equity interest, Group Inc. has transferred certain intercompany receivables and substantially all of its GCLA to Funding IHC, and has agreed to transfer additional GCLA above prescribed thresholds.

119 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

We also put in place a Capital and Liquidity Support Agreement (CLSA) among Group Inc., Funding IHC and our major subsidiaries. Under the CLSA, Funding IHC has provided Group Inc. with a committed line of credit that allows Group Inc. to draw sufficient funds to meet its cash needs during the ordinary course of business. In addition, if our financial resources deteriorate so severely that resolution may be imminent, (i) the committed line of credit will automatically terminate and the unsecured subordinated funding note will automatically be forgiven, (ii) all intercompany receivables owed by the major subsidiaries to Group Inc. will be transferred to Funding IHC or their maturities will be extended to five years, (iii) Group Inc. will be obligated to transfer substantially all of its remaining intercompany receivables and GCLA (other than an amount to fund anticipated bankruptcy expenses) to Funding IHC, and (iv) Funding IHC will be obligated to provide capital and liquidity support to the major subsidiaries. Group Inc.’s and Funding IHC’s obligations under the CLSA are secured pursuant to a related security agreement. Such actions would materially and adversely affect Group Inc.’s liquidity. As a result, during a period of severe stress, Group Inc. might commence bankruptcy proceedings at an earlier time than it otherwise would if the CLSA and related security agreement had not been implemented.

As part of our resolution planning efforts, we have also established RCAP, Resolution Liquidity Adequacy and Positioning (RLAP), and triggers and alerts frameworks.

The RCAP framework is designed to ensure that Group Inc. maintains sufficient loss-absorbing capacity (in the form of equity, subordinated debt and unsecured senior debt) so that the major subsidiaries would be in a position to execute our preferred resolution strategy. It also informs our decisions about the amount of loss-absorbing capacity at those subsidiaries.

The RLAP framework is designed to ensure that we maintain sufficient GCLA so that the major subsidiaries could continue to meet their outflows and operating requirements in a stressed environment. It also informs our decisions about the amount of GCLA to be held at those subsidiaries.

The triggers and alerts framework is designed to ensure that the Board of Directors of Group Inc. (Board) would consider commencing bankruptcy proceedings for Group Inc. before our financial resources become so depleted that the major subsidiaries are no longer in a position to execute our preferred resolution strategy. It also is designed to ensure that, in the event that Group Inc. files for bankruptcy, sufficient amounts of loss-absorbing capacity and liquidity would be available to those subsidiaries so they could execute our preferred resolution strategy.

In addition, GS Bank USA is required to submit periodic resolution plans to the FDIC. In June 2017, GS Bank USA received notification from the FDIC that its resolution plan submission date was extended to July 1, 2018, and the 2016 and 2017 resolution plan requirement will be satisfied by the submission of the 2018 resolution plan.

Total Loss-Absorbing Capacity

In December 2016, the Federal Reserve Board adopted a final rule, which establishes new total loss-absorbing capacity (TLAC) and related requirements for U.S. bank holding companies designated as G-SIBs. The rule will be effective in January 2019, with no phase-in period, and has been designed so that, in the event of a G-SIB’s failure, there will be sufficient external loss-absorbing capacity available in order for authorities to implement an orderly resolution of the G-SIB. The rule (i) establishes minimum TLAC requirements, (ii) establishes minimum eligible long-term debt requirements, (iii) prohibits certain holding company transactions and (iv) caps the amount of G-SIB liabilities that are not eligible long-term debt.

We expect that we will be compliant with the TLAC requirements by the effective date. See “Business — Regulation” in Part I, Item 1 of the 2016 Form 10-K for further information about the Federal Reserve Board’s TLAC rule.

Other Regulatory Developments

In September 2016, the final margin rules issued by the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies and the CFTC for uncleared swaps became effective. These rules became effective for variation margin requirements in March 2017 and will phase in through September 2020 for initial margin requirements depending on the level of swaps, security-based swaps and/or exempt foreign exchange derivative transaction activity of the swap dealer and the relevant counterparty. The final rules of the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies generally apply to inter-affiliate transactions, with limited relief available from initial margin requirements for affiliates.

Under the CFTC final rules, inter-affiliate transactions are exempt from initial margin requirements with certain exceptions but variation margin requirements still apply. We expect that our margin requirements will continue to increase as the rules phase in. Japanese regulators have implemented broadly similar rules and regulators in other major jurisdictions are expected to do so over the next several quarters.

See “Business — Regulation” in Part I, Item 1 of the 2016 Form 10-K for further information about regulations that may impact us in the future.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 120

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements and Contractual Obligations

Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangements

We have various types of off-balance-sheet arrangements that we enter into in the ordinary course of business. Our involvement in these arrangements can take many different forms, including:

• Purchasing or retaining residual and other interests in special purpose entities such as mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securitization vehicles;

• Holding senior and subordinated debt, interests in limited and general partnerships, and preferred and common stock in other nonconsolidated vehicles;

• Entering into interest rate, foreign currency, equity, commodity and credit derivatives, including total return swaps;

• Entering into operating leases; and

• Providing guarantees, indemnifications, commitments, letters of credit and representations and warranties.

We enter into these arrangements for a variety of business purposes, including securitizations. The securitization vehicles that purchase mortgages, corporate bonds, and other types of financial assets are critical to the functioning of several significant investor markets, including the mortgage-backed and other asset-backed securities markets, since they offer investors access to specific cash flows and risks created through the securitization process.

We also enter into these arrangements to underwrite client securitization transactions; provide secondary market liquidity; make investments in performing and nonperforming debt, equity, real estate and other assets; provide investors with credit-linked and asset-repackaged notes; and receive or provide letters of credit to satisfy margin requirements and to facilitate the clearance and settlement process.

Our financial interests in, and derivative transactions with, such nonconsolidated entities are generally accounted for at fair value, in the same manner as our other financial instruments, except in cases where we apply the equity method of accounting.

The table below presents where information about our various off-balance-sheet arrangements may be found in this Form 10-Q. In addition, see Note 3 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information about our consolidation policies.

Type of Off-Balance-Sheet Arrangement	Disclosure in Form 10-Q
Variable interests and other obligations, including contingent obligations, arising from variable interests in nonconsolidated VIEs	See Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Leases, letters of credit, and lending and other commitments	See “Contractual Obligations” below and Note 18 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Guarantees	See “Contractual Obligations” below and Note 18 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Derivatives	See “Risk Management — Credit Risk Management — Credit Exposures — OTC Derivatives” below and Notes 4, 5, 7 and 18 to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Contractual Obligations

We have certain contractual obligations which require us to make future cash payments. These contractual obligations include our unsecured long-term borrowings, secured long-term financings, time deposits and contractual interest payments, all of which are included in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Our obligations to make future cash payments also include certain off-balance-sheet contractual obligations such as purchase obligations, minimum rental payments under noncancelable leases and commitments and guarantees.

121 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The table below presents our contractual obligations, commitments and guarantees by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Amounts related to on-balance-sheet obligations
Time deposits		$     29,503	$  27,394
Secured long-term financings		$     11,855	$    8,405
Unsecured long-term borrowings		$   211,852	$189,086
Contractual interest payments		$     53,426	$  54,552
Subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs		$            20	$       584
Amounts related to off-balance-sheet arrangements
Commitments to extend credit		$   119,832	$112,056
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements		$     53,180	$  25,348
Forward starting collateralized financings		$     14,790	$    8,939
Letters of credit		$          404	$       373
Investment commitments		$       8,467	$    8,444
Other commitments		$       7,761	$    6,014
Minimum rental payments		$       1,864	$    1,941
Derivative guarantees		$1,990,192	$816,774
Securities lending indemnifications		$     40,731	$  33,403
Other financial guarantees		$       3,700	$    3,662

The table below presents our contractual obligations, commitments and guarantees by period of expiration.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Remainder of 2017	2018 - 2019	2020 - 2021	2022 - Thereafter
Amounts related to on-balance-sheet obligations
Time deposits		$           –	$     11,182	$    8,398	$    9,923
Secured long-term financings		$           –	$       6,342	$    1,887	$    3,626
Unsecured long-term borrowings		$           –	$     35,700	$  44,326	$131,826
Contractual interest payments		$    1,499	$     12,325	$    9,578	$  30,024
Subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs		$           –	$              –	$           –	$         20
Amounts related to off-balance-sheet arrangements
Commitments to extend credit		$    2,841	$     32,791	$  49,166	$  35,034
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements		$  53,177	$              3	$           –	$           –
Forward starting collateralized financings		$  14,790	$              –	$           –	$           –
Letters of credit		$         15	$          349	$           –	$         40
Investment commitments		$    4,973	$          967	$       258	$    2,269
Other commitments		$    7,321	$          381	$         16	$         43
Minimum rental payments		$         84	$          566	$       409	$       805
Derivative guarantees		$538,975	$1,235,298	$105,564	$110,355
Securities lending indemnifications		$  40,731	$              –	$           –	$           –
Other financial guarantees		$       229	$          934	$    1,958	$       579

In the table above:

• Obligations maturing within one year of our financial statement date or redeemable within one year of our financial statement date at the option of the holders are excluded as they are treated as short-term obligations.

• Obligations that are repayable prior to maturity at our option are reflected at their contractual maturity dates and obligations that are redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the holders are reflected at the earliest dates such options become exercisable.

• Amounts included in the table do not necessarily reflect the actual future cash flow requirements for these arrangements because commitments and guarantees represent notional amounts and may expire unused or be reduced or cancelled at the counterparty’s request.

• Due to the uncertainty of the timing and amounts that will ultimately be paid, our liability for unrecognized tax benefits has been excluded. See Note 24 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our unrecognized tax benefits.

• As of September 2017, unsecured long-term borrowings included $6.23 billion of adjustments to the carrying value of certain unsecured long-term borrowings resulting from the application of hedge accounting.

• As of September 2017, the difference between the aggregate contractual principal amount and the related fair value of long-term other secured financings for which the fair value option was elected was not material.

• As of September 2017, the aggregate contractual principal amount of unsecured long-term borrowings for which the fair value option was elected exceeded the related fair value by $1.38 billion.

• Contractual interest payments represents estimated future interest payments related to unsecured long-term borrowings, secured long-term financings and time deposits based on applicable interest rates as of September 2017, and includes stated coupons, if any, on structured notes.

• Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements include resale and securities borrowing agreements, and forward starting collateralized financings include repurchase and secured lending agreements that settle at a future date, generally within three business days.

See Notes 15 and 18 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our short-term borrowings, and commitments and guarantees, respectively.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 122

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

As of September 2017, our unsecured long-term borrowings were $211.85 billion, with maturities extending to 2057, and consisted principally of senior borrowings. See Note 16 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our unsecured long-term borrowings.

As of September 2017, our future minimum rental payments, net of minimum sublease rentals under noncancelable leases, were $1.86 billion. These lease commitments for office space expire on various dates through 2069. Certain agreements are subject to periodic escalation provisions for increases in real estate taxes and other charges. See Note 18 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about our leases.

Our occupancy expenses include costs associated with office space held in excess of our current requirements. This excess space, the cost of which is charged to earnings as incurred, is being held for potential growth or to replace currently occupied space that we may exit in the future. We regularly evaluate our current and future space capacity in relation to current and projected staffing levels. During the three and nine months ended September 2017, total occupancy expenses for space held in excess of our current requirements and exit costs related to our office space were not material. We may incur exit costs in the future to the extent we (i) reduce our space capacity or (ii) commit to, or occupy, new properties in the locations in which we operate and, consequently, dispose of existing space that had been held for potential growth. These exit costs may be material to our results of operations in a given period.

Risk Management

Risks are inherent in our business and include liquidity, market, credit, operational, model, legal, regulatory and reputational risks. For further information about our risk management processes, see “Overview and Structure of Risk Management” below. Our risks include the risks across our risk categories, regions or global businesses, as well as those which have uncertain outcomes and have the potential to materially impact our financial results, our liquidity and our reputation. For further information about our areas of risk, see “Liquidity Risk Management,” “Market Risk Management,” “Credit Risk Management,” “Operational Risk Management” and “Model Risk Management” below and “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the 2016 Form 10-K.

Overview and Structure of Risk Management

Overview

We believe that effective risk management is of primary importance to our success. Accordingly, we have comprehensive risk management processes through which we monitor, evaluate and manage the risks we assume in conducting our activities. These include liquidity, market, credit, operational, model, legal, compliance, regulatory and reputational risk exposures. Our risk management framework is built around three core components: governance, processes and people.

Governance. Risk management governance starts with the Board, which plays an important role in reviewing and approving risk management policies and practices, both directly and through its committees, including its Risk Committee. The Board also receives regular briefings on firmwide risks, including market risk, liquidity risk, credit risk, operational risk and model risk from our independent control and support functions, including the chief risk officer, and on compliance risk from the head of Compliance, on legal and regulatory matters from the general counsel, and on other matters impacting our reputation from the chair of our Firmwide Client and Business Standards Committee. The chief risk officer, as part of the review of the firmwide risk portfolio, regularly advises the Risk Committee of the Board of relevant risk metrics and material exposures. Next, at our most senior levels, our leaders are experienced risk managers, with a sophisticated and detailed understanding of the risks we take. Our senior management, and senior managers in our revenue-producing units and independent control and support functions, lead and participate in risk-oriented committees. Independent control and support functions include Compliance, the Conflicts Resolution Group (Conflicts), Controllers, Credit Risk Management and Advisory (Credit Risk Management), Human Capital Management, Legal, Liquidity Risk Management and Analysis (Liquidity Risk Management), Market Risk Management and Analysis (Market Risk Management), Model Risk Management, Operations, Operational Risk Management and Analysis (Operational Risk Management), Tax, Technology and Treasury.

Our governance structure provides the protocol and responsibility for decision-making on risk management issues and ensures implementation of those decisions. We make extensive use of risk-related committees that meet regularly and serve as an important means to facilitate and foster ongoing discussions to identify, manage and mitigate risks.

123 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

We maintain strong communication about risk and we have a culture of collaboration in decision-making among the revenue-producing units, independent control and support functions, committees and senior management. While we believe that the first line of defense in managing risk rests with the managers in our revenue-producing units, we dedicate extensive resources to independent control and support functions in order to ensure a strong oversight structure and an appropriate segregation of duties. We regularly reinforce our strong culture of escalation and accountability across all functions.

Processes. We maintain various processes and procedures that are critical components of our risk management. First and foremost is our daily discipline of marking substantially all of our inventory to current market levels. We carry our inventory at fair value, with changes in valuation reflected immediately in our risk management systems and in net revenues. We do so because we believe this discipline is one of the most effective tools for assessing and managing risk and that it provides transparent and realistic insight into our financial exposures.

We also apply a rigorous framework of limits to control risk across transactions, products, businesses and markets. This includes approval of limits at firmwide, business and product levels by the Risk Committee of the Board. In addition, the Firmwide Risk Committee is responsible for approving our risk limits framework, subject to the overall limits approved by the Risk Committee of the Board, at a variety of levels and monitoring these limits on a daily basis. The Risk Governance Committee (through delegated authority from the Firmwide Risk Committee) is responsible for approving limits at firmwide, business and product levels. Certain limits may be set at levels that will require periodic adjustment, rather than at levels which reflect our maximum risk appetite. This fosters an ongoing dialogue on risk among revenue-producing units, independent control and support functions, committees and senior management, as well as rapid escalation of risk-related matters. See “Liquidity Risk Management,” “Market Risk Management” and “Credit Risk Management” for further information about our risk limits.

Active management of our positions is another important process. Proactive mitigation of our market and credit exposures minimizes the risk that we will be required to take outsized actions during periods of stress.

We also focus on the rigor and effectiveness of our risk systems. The goal of our risk management technology is to get the right information to the right people at the right time, which requires systems that are comprehensive, reliable and timely. We devote significant time and resources to our risk management technology to ensure that it consistently provides us with complete, accurate and timely information.

People. Even the best technology serves only as a tool for helping to make informed decisions in real time about the risks we are taking. Ultimately, effective risk management requires our people to interpret our risk data on an ongoing and timely basis and adjust risk positions accordingly. In both our revenue-producing units and our independent control and support functions, the experience of our professionals, and their understanding of the nuances and limitations of each risk measure, guide us in assessing exposures and maintaining them within prudent levels.

We reinforce a culture of effective risk management in our training and development programs, as well as the way we evaluate performance, and recognize and reward our people. Our training and development programs, including certain sessions led by our most senior leaders, are focused on the importance of risk management, client relationships and reputational excellence. As part of our annual performance review process, we assess reputational excellence including how an employee exercises good risk management and reputational judgment, and adheres to our code of conduct and compliance policies. Our review and reward processes are designed to communicate and reinforce to our professionals the link between behavior and how people are recognized, the need to focus on our clients and our reputation, and the need to always act in accordance with our highest standards.

Structure

Ultimate oversight of risk is the responsibility of our Board. The Board oversees risk both directly and through its committees, including its Risk Committee. We have a series of committees with specific risk management mandates that have oversight or decision-making responsibilities for risk management activities. Committee membership generally consists of senior managers from both our revenue-producing units and our independent control and support functions. We have established procedures for these committees to ensure that appropriate information barriers are in place. Our primary risk committees, most of which also have additional sub-committees or working groups, are described below. In addition to these committees, we have other risk-oriented committees which provide oversight for different businesses, activities, products, regions and legal entities. All of our committees have responsibility for considering the impact of transactions and activities which they oversee on our reputation.

Membership of our risk committees is reviewed regularly and updated to reflect changes in the responsibilities of the committee members. Accordingly, the length of time that members serve on the respective committees varies as determined by the committee chairs and based on the responsibilities of the members.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 124

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

In addition, independent control and support functions, which report to the chief executive officer, the presidents and co-chief operating officers, the chief financial officer or the chief risk officer, are responsible for day-to-day oversight or monitoring of risk, as illustrated in the chart below and as described in greater detail in the following sections. Internal Audit, which reports to the Audit Committee of the Board and includes professionals with a broad range of audit and industry experience, including risk management expertise, is responsible for independently assessing and validating key controls within the risk management framework.

The chart below presents an overview of our risk management governance structure, including the reporting relationships of our independent control and support functions.

Management Committee. The Management Committee oversees our global activities, including all of our independent control and support functions. It provides this oversight directly and through authority delegated to committees it has established. This committee consists of our most senior leaders, and is chaired by our chief executive officer. Most members of the Management Committee are also members of other committees. The following are the committees that are principally involved in firmwide risk management.

Firmwide Client and Business Standards Committee. The Firmwide Client and Business Standards Committee assesses and makes determinations regarding business standards and practices, reputational risk management, client relationships and client service, is chaired by one of our presidents and co-chief operating officers, who is appointed as chair by the chief executive officer, and reports to the Management Committee. This committee also has responsibility for overseeing recommendations of the Business Standards Committee. This committee periodically updates and receives guidance from the Public Responsibilities Committee of the Board. This committee has also established certain committees that report to it, including divisional Client and Business Standards Committees and risk-related committees. The following are the risk-related committees that report to the Firmwide Client and Business Standards Committee:

• Firmwide Reputational Risk Committee. The Firmwide Reputational Risk Committee is responsible for assessing reputational risks arising from transactions that have been identified as requiring mandatory escalation to the Firmwide Reputational Risk Committee or that otherwise have potential heightened reputational risk. This committee is chaired by one of our presidents and co-chief operating officers, who is appointed as chair by the chief executive officer, and the vice-chairs are the head of Compliance and the head of the Conflicts Resolution Group, who are appointed as vice-chairs by the chair of the Firmwide Client and Business Standards Committee.

• Firmwide Suitability Committee. The Firmwide Suitability Committee is responsible for setting standards and policies for product, transaction and client suitability and providing a forum for consistency across functions, regions and products on suitability assessments. This committee also reviews suitability matters escalated from other committees. This committee is co-chaired by the deputy head of Compliance, and the chief strategy officer of the Securities Division and co-head of Fixed Income, Currency and Commodities Sales, who are appointed as co-chairs by the chair of the Firmwide Client and Business Standards Committee.

125 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Firmwide Risk Committee. The Firmwide Risk Committee is globally responsible for the ongoing monitoring and management of our financial risks. The Firmwide Risk Committee approves our financial risk limits framework, metrics and methodologies, and reviews results of stress tests and scenario analyses. This committee is co-chaired by our chief financial officer and our chief risk officer, who are appointed as co-chairs by the chief executive officer, and reports to the Management Committee. The following are the primary committees that report to the Firmwide Risk Committee:

• Firmwide Finance Committee. The Firmwide Finance Committee has oversight responsibility for liquidity risk, the size and composition of our balance sheet and capital base, and credit ratings. This committee regularly reviews our liquidity, balance sheet, funding position and capitalization, approves related policies, and makes recommendations as to any adjustments to be made in light of current events, risks, exposures and regulatory requirements. As a part of such oversight, among other things, this committee reviews and approves balance sheet limits and the size of our GCLA. This committee is co-chaired by our chief risk officer and our global treasurer, who are appointed as co-chairs by the Firmwide Risk Committee.

• Firmwide Investment Policy Committee. The Firmwide Investment Policy Committee reviews, approves, sets policies, and provides oversight for certain illiquid principal investments, including review of risk management and controls for these types of investments. This committee is co-chaired by the head of our Merchant Banking Division, a co-head of our Securities Division and a deputy general counsel, who are appointed as co-chairs by our presidents and co-chief operating officers and our chief financial officer.

• Firmwide Volcker Oversight Committee. The Firmwide Volcker Oversight Committee is responsible for the oversight and periodic review of the implementation of our Volcker Rule compliance program, as approved by the Board, and other Volcker Rule-related matters. This committee is co-chaired by a deputy chief risk officer and the deputy head of Compliance, who are appointed as co-chairs by the co-chairs of the Firmwide Risk Committee.

• Risk Governance Committee. The Risk Governance Committee (through delegated authority from the Firmwide Risk Committee) is globally responsible for the ongoing approval and monitoring of risk frameworks, policies, parameters and limits, at firmwide, business and product levels. This committee is chaired by our chief risk officer, who is appointed as chair by the co-chairs of the Firmwide Risk Committee.

The following committees report jointly to the Firmwide Risk Committee and the Firmwide Client and Business Standards Committee:

• Firmwide Capital Committee. The Firmwide Capital Committee provides approval and oversight of debt-related transactions, including principal commitments of our capital. This committee aims to ensure that business and reputational standards for underwritings and capital commitments are maintained on a global basis. This committee is co-chaired by the head of Americas Credit Risk Management, and the head of the Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) Financing Group. The co-chairs of the Firmwide Capital Committee are appointed by the co-chairs of the Firmwide Risk Committee.

• Firmwide Commitments Committee. The Firmwide Commitments Committee reviews our underwriting and distribution activities with respect to equity and equity-related product offerings, and sets and maintains policies and procedures designed to ensure that legal, reputational, regulatory and business standards are maintained on a global basis. In addition to reviewing specific transactions, this committee periodically conducts general strategic reviews of sectors and products and establishes policies in connection with transaction practices. This committee is co-chaired by the chairman of the Financial Institutions Group in our Investment Banking Division, the co-head of the Industrials group in our Investment Banking Division, our chief underwriting officer, and a managing director in Risk Management, who are appointed as co-chairs by the chair of the Firmwide Client and Business Standards Committee.

Firmwide Enterprise Risk Committee. The Firmwide Enterprise Risk Committee is responsible for establishing a comprehensive risk framework for the ongoing monitoring of our aggregate financial and nonfinancial risks. This committee is co-chaired by one of our presidents and co-chief operating officers and our chief risk officer, who are appointed as co-chairs by our chief executive officer, and reports to the Management Committee. The following are the primary committees that report to the Firmwide Enterprise Risk Committee:

• Firmwide New Activity Committee. The Firmwide New Activity Committee is responsible for reviewing new activities and for establishing a process to identify and review previously approved activities that are significant and that have changed in complexity and/or structure or present different reputational and suitability concerns over time to consider whether these activities remain appropriate. This committee is co-chaired by the head of regulatory control and the co-head of EMEA FICC sales, who are appointed as co-chairs by the chairs of the Firmwide Enterprise Risk Committee.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 126

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

• Firmwide Model Risk Control Committee. The Firmwide Model Risk Control Committee is responsible for oversight of the development and implementation of model risk controls, which includes governance, policies and procedures related to our reliance on financial models. This committee is chaired by a deputy chief risk officer, who is appointed as chair by the chairs of the Firmwide Enterprise Risk Committee.

• Firmwide Conduct and Operational Risk Committee. The Firmwide Conduct and Operational Risk Committee is globally responsible for the ongoing approval and monitoring of the frameworks, policies, parameters and limits, which govern our conduct and operational risks. This committee is co-chaired by a managing director in Global Compliance and the head of Operational Risk Management, who are appointed as co-chairs by the chairs of the Firmwide Enterprise Risk Committee.

• Firmwide Technology Risk Committee. The Firmwide Technology Risk Committee reviews matters related to the design, development, deployment and use of technology. This committee oversees cyber security matters, as well as technology risk management frameworks and methodologies, and monitors their effectiveness. This committee is co-chaired by our chief information officer and the head of Global Investment Research, who are appointed as co-chairs by the chairs of the Firmwide Enterprise Risk Committee.

• Global Business Resilience Committee. The Global Business Resilience Committee is responsible for oversight of business resilience initiatives, promoting increased levels of security and resilience, and reviewing certain operating risks related to business resilience. This committee is chaired by our chief administrative officer, who is appointed as chair by the chairs of the Firmwide Enterprise Risk Committee.

Conflicts Management

Conflicts of interest and our approach to dealing with them are fundamental to our client relationships, our reputation and our long-term success. The term “conflict of interest” does not have a universally accepted meaning, and conflicts can arise in many forms within a business or between businesses. The responsibility for identifying potential conflicts, as well as complying with our policies and procedures, is shared by the entire firm.

We have a multilayered approach to resolving conflicts and addressing reputational risk. Our senior management oversees policies related to conflicts resolution, and, in conjunction with Conflicts, Legal and Compliance, the Firmwide Client and Business Standards Committee, and other internal committees, formulates policies, standards and principles, and assists in making judgments regarding the appropriate resolution of particular conflicts. Resolving potential conflicts necessarily depends on the facts and circumstances of a particular situation and the application of experienced and informed judgment.

As a general matter, Conflicts reviews financing and advisory assignments in Investment Banking and certain of our investing, lending and other activities. In addition, we have various transaction oversight committees, such as the Firmwide Capital, Commitments and Suitability Committees and other committees that also review new underwritings, loans, investments and structured products. These groups and committees work with internal and external counsel and Compliance to evaluate and address any actual or potential conflicts. Conflicts reports to one of our presidents and co-chief operating officers.

We regularly assess our policies and procedures that address conflicts of interest in an effort to conduct our business in accordance with the highest ethical standards and in compliance with all applicable laws, rules, and regulations.

127 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Liquidity Risk Management

Overview

Liquidity risk is the risk that we will be unable to fund the firm or meet our liquidity needs in the event of firm-specific, broader industry, or market liquidity stress events. Liquidity is of critical importance to us, as most of the failures of financial institutions have occurred in large part due to insufficient liquidity. Accordingly, we have in place a comprehensive and conservative set of liquidity and funding policies. Our principal objective is to be able to fund the firm and to enable our core businesses to continue to serve clients and generate revenues, even under adverse circumstances.

Treasury has the primary responsibility for assessing, monitoring and managing our liquidity and funding strategy. Treasury is independent of the revenue-producing units and reports to our chief financial officer.

Liquidity Risk Management is an independent risk management function responsible for control and oversight of our liquidity risk management framework, including stress testing and limit governance. Liquidity Risk Management is independent of the revenue-producing units and Treasury, and reports to our chief risk officer.

Liquidity Risk Management Principles

We manage liquidity risk according to three principles (i) hold sufficient excess liquidity in the form of GCLA to cover outflows during a stressed period, (ii) maintain appropriate Asset-Liability Management and (iii) maintain a viable Contingency Funding Plan.

Global Core Liquid Assets. GCLA is liquidity that we maintain to meet a broad range of potential cash outflows and collateral needs in a stressed environment. Our most important liquidity policy is to pre-fund our estimated potential cash and collateral needs during a liquidity crisis and hold this liquidity in the form of unencumbered, highly liquid securities and cash. We believe that the securities held in our GCLA would be readily convertible to cash in a matter of days, through liquidation, by entering into repurchase agreements or from maturities of resale agreements, and that this cash would allow us to meet immediate obligations without needing to sell other assets or depend on additional funding from credit-sensitive markets.

Our GCLA reflects the following principles:

• The first days or weeks of a liquidity crisis are the most critical to a company’s survival;

• Focus must be maintained on all potential cash and collateral outflows, not just disruptions to financing flows. Our businesses are diverse, and our liquidity needs are determined by many factors, including market movements, collateral requirements and client commitments, all of which can change dramatically in a difficult funding environment;

• During a liquidity crisis, credit-sensitive funding, including unsecured debt, certain deposits and some types of secured financing agreements, may be unavailable, and the terms (e.g., interest rates, collateral provisions and tenor) or availability of other types of secured financing may change and certain deposits may be withdrawn; and

• As a result of our policy to pre-fund liquidity that we estimate may be needed in a crisis, we hold more unencumbered securities and have larger debt balances than our businesses would otherwise require. We believe that our liquidity is stronger with greater balances of highly liquid unencumbered securities, even though it increases our total assets and our funding costs.

We maintain our GCLA across Group Inc., Funding IHC and Group Inc.’s major broker-dealer and bank subsidiaries, asset types, and clearing agents to provide us with sufficient operating liquidity to ensure timely settlement in all major markets, even in a difficult funding environment. In addition to the GCLA, we maintain cash balances and securities in several of our other entities, primarily for use in specific currencies, entities, or jurisdictions where we do not have immediate access to parent company liquidity.

We believe that our GCLA provides us with a resilient source of funds that would be available in advance of potential cash and collateral outflows and gives us significant flexibility in managing through a difficult funding environment.

Asset-Liability Management. Our liquidity risk management policies are designed to ensure we have a sufficient amount of financing, even when funding markets experience persistent stress. We manage the maturities and diversity of our funding across markets, products and counterparties, and seek to maintain a diversified funding profile with an appropriate tenor, taking into consideration the characteristics and liquidity profile of our assets.

Our approach to asset-liability management includes:

• Conservatively managing the overall characteristics of our funding book, with a focus on maintaining long-term, diversified sources of funding in excess of our current requirements. See “Balance Sheet and Funding Sources — Funding Sources” for additional details;

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 128

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

• Actively managing and monitoring our asset base, with particular focus on the liquidity, holding period and our ability to fund assets on a secured basis. We assess our funding requirements and our ability to liquidate assets in a stressed environment while appropriately managing risk. This enables us to determine the most appropriate funding products and tenors. See “Balance Sheet and Funding Sources — Balance Sheet Management” for further details on our balance sheet management process and “— Funding Sources — Secured Funding” for further details on asset classes that may be harder to fund on a secured basis; and

• Raising secured and unsecured financing that has a long tenor relative to the liquidity profile of our assets. This reduces the risk that our liabilities will come due in advance of our ability to generate liquidity from the sale of our assets. Because we maintain a highly liquid balance sheet, the holding period of certain of our assets may be materially shorter than their contractual maturity dates.

Our goal is to ensure that we maintain sufficient liquidity to fund our assets and meet our contractual and contingent obligations in normal times, as well as during periods of market stress. Through our dynamic balance sheet management process, we use actual and projected asset balances to determine secured and unsecured funding requirements. Funding plans are reviewed and approved by the Firmwide Finance Committee on a quarterly basis. In addition, senior managers in our independent control and support functions regularly analyze, and the Firmwide Finance Committee reviews, our consolidated total capital position (unsecured long-term borrowings plus total shareholders’ equity) so that we maintain a level of long-term funding that is sufficient to meet our long-term financing requirements. In a liquidity crisis, we would first use our GCLA in order to avoid reliance on asset sales (other than our GCLA). However, we recognize that orderly asset sales may be prudent or necessary in a severe or persistent liquidity crisis.

Subsidiary Funding Policies

The majority of our unsecured funding is raised by Group Inc. which lends the necessary funds to Funding IHC and other subsidiaries, some of which are regulated, to meet their asset financing, liquidity and capital requirements. In addition, Group Inc. provides its regulated subsidiaries with the necessary capital to meet their regulatory requirements. The benefits of this approach to subsidiary funding are enhanced control and greater flexibility to meet the funding requirements of our subsidiaries. Funding is also raised at the subsidiary level through a variety of products, including secured funding, unsecured borrowings and deposits.

Our intercompany funding policies assume that, unless legally provided for, a subsidiary’s funds or securities are not freely available to its parent, Funding IHC or other subsidiaries. In particular, many of our subsidiaries are subject to laws that authorize regulatory bodies to block or reduce the flow of funds from those subsidiaries to Group Inc. or Funding IHC. Regulatory action of that kind could impede access to funds that Group Inc. needs to make payments on its obligations. Accordingly, we assume that the capital provided to our regulated subsidiaries is not available to Group Inc. or other subsidiaries and any other financing provided to our regulated subsidiaries is not available to Group Inc. or Funding IHC until the maturity of such financing.

Group Inc. has provided substantial amounts of equity and subordinated indebtedness, directly or indirectly, to its regulated subsidiaries. For example, as of September 2017, Group Inc. had $31.57 billion of equity and subordinated indebtedness invested in GS&Co., its principal U.S. registered broker-dealer; $36.89 billion invested in GSI, a regulated U.K. broker-dealer; $2.60 billion invested in GSJCL, a regulated Japanese broker-dealer; $27.21 billion invested in GS Bank USA, a regulated New York State-chartered bank; and $3.85 billion invested in GSIB, a regulated U.K. bank. Group Inc. also provided, directly or indirectly, $115.59 billion of unsubordinated loans (including secured loans of $42.67 billion), and $13.48 billion of collateral and cash deposits to these entities, substantially all of which was to GS&Co., GSI, GSJCL and GS Bank USA, as of September 2017. In addition, as of September 2017, Group Inc. had significant amounts of capital invested in and loans to its other regulated subsidiaries.

Contingency Funding Plan. We maintain a contingency funding plan to provide a framework for analyzing and responding to a liquidity crisis situation or periods of market stress. Our contingency funding plan outlines a list of potential risk factors, key reports and metrics that are reviewed on an ongoing basis to assist in assessing the severity of, and managing through, a liquidity crisis and/or market dislocation. The contingency funding plan also describes in detail our potential responses if our assessments indicate that we have entered a liquidity crisis, which include pre-funding for what we estimate will be our potential cash and collateral needs, as well as utilizing secondary sources of liquidity. Mitigants and action items to address specific risks which may arise are also described and assigned to individuals responsible for execution.

129 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The contingency funding plan identifies key groups of individuals to foster effective coordination, control and distribution of information, all of which are critical in the management of a crisis or period of market stress. The contingency funding plan also details the responsibilities of these groups and individuals, which include making and disseminating key decisions, coordinating all contingency activities throughout the duration of the crisis or period of market stress, implementing liquidity maintenance activities and managing internal and external communication.

Liquidity Stress Tests

In order to determine the appropriate size of our GCLA, we use an internal liquidity model, referred to as the Modeled Liquidity Outflow, which captures and quantifies our liquidity risks. We also consider other factors including, but not limited to, an assessment of our potential intraday liquidity needs through an additional internal liquidity model, referred to as the Intraday Liquidity Model, the results of our long-term stress testing models, our resolution liquidity models and other applicable regulatory requirements and a qualitative assessment of our condition, as well as the financial markets. The results of the Modeled Liquidity Outflow, the Intraday Liquidity Model, the long-term stress testing models and the resolution liquidity models are reported to senior management on a regular basis.

Modeled Liquidity Outflow. Our Modeled Liquidity Outflow is based on conducting multiple scenarios that include combinations of market-wide and firm-specific stress. These scenarios are characterized by the following qualitative elements:

• Severely challenged market environments, including low consumer and corporate confidence, financial and political instability, adverse changes in market values, including potential declines in equity markets and widening of credit spreads; and

• A firm-specific crisis potentially triggered by material losses, reputational damage, litigation, executive departure, and/or a ratings downgrade.

The following are the critical modeling parameters of the Modeled Liquidity Outflow:

• Liquidity needs over a 30-day scenario;

• A two-notch downgrade of our long-term senior unsecured credit ratings;

• A combination of contractual outflows, such as upcoming maturities of unsecured debt, and contingent outflows (e.g., actions though not contractually required, we may deem necessary in a crisis). We assume that most contingent outflows will occur within the initial days and weeks of a crisis;

• No issuance of equity or unsecured debt;

• No support from additional government funding facilities. Although we have access to various central bank funding programs, we do not assume reliance on additional sources of funding in a liquidity crisis; and

• No asset liquidation, other than the GCLA.

The potential contractual and contingent cash and collateral outflows covered in our Modeled Liquidity Outflow include:

Unsecured Funding

• Contractual: All upcoming maturities of unsecured long-term debt, commercial paper, and other unsecured funding products. We assume that we will be unable to issue new unsecured debt or rollover any maturing debt.

• Contingent: Repurchases of our outstanding long-term debt, commercial paper and hybrid financial instruments in the ordinary course of business as a market maker.

Deposits

• Contractual: All upcoming maturities of term deposits. We assume that we will be unable to raise new term deposits or rollover any maturing term deposits.

• Contingent: Partial withdrawals of deposits that have no contractual maturity. The withdrawal assumptions reflect, among other factors, the type of deposit, whether the deposit is insured or uninsured, and our relationship with the depositor.

Secured Funding

• Contractual: A portion of upcoming contractual maturities of secured funding due to either the inability to refinance or the ability to refinance only at wider haircuts (i.e., on terms which require us to post additional collateral). Our assumptions reflect, among other factors, the quality of the underlying collateral, counterparty roll probabilities (our assessment of the counterparty’s likelihood of continuing to provide funding on a secured basis at the maturity of the trade) and counterparty concentration.

• Contingent: Adverse changes in the value of financial assets pledged as collateral for financing transactions, which would necessitate additional collateral postings under those transactions.

OTC Derivatives

• Contingent: Collateral postings to counterparties due to adverse changes in the value of our OTC derivatives, excluding those that are cleared and settled through central counterparties (OTC-cleared).

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 130

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

• Contingent: Other outflows of cash or collateral related to OTC derivatives, excluding OTC-cleared, including the impact of trade terminations, collateral substitutions, collateral disputes, loss of rehypothecation rights, collateral calls or termination payments required by a two-notch downgrade in our credit ratings, and collateral that has not been called by counterparties, but is available to them.

Exchange-Traded and OTC-cleared Derivatives

• Contingent: Variation margin postings required due to adverse changes in the value of our outstanding exchange-traded and OTC-cleared derivatives.

• Contingent: An increase in initial margin and guaranty fund requirements by derivative clearing houses.

Customer Cash and Securities

• Contingent: Liquidity outflows associated with our prime brokerage business, including withdrawals of customer credit balances, and a reduction in customer short positions, which may serve as a funding source for long positions.

Securities

• Contingent: Liquidity outflows associated with a reduction or composition change in our short positions, which may serve as a funding source for long positions.

Unfunded Commitments

• Contingent: Draws on our unfunded commitments. Draw assumptions reflect, among other things, the type of commitment and counterparty.

Other

• Other upcoming large cash outflows, such as tax payments.

Intraday Liquidity Model. Our Intraday Liquidity Model measures our intraday liquidity needs using a scenario analysis characterized by the same qualitative elements as our Modeled Liquidity Outflow. The model assesses the risk of increased intraday liquidity requirements during a scenario where access to sources of intraday liquidity may become constrained.

The following are key modeling elements of the Intraday Liquidity Model:

• Liquidity needs over a one-day settlement period;

• Delays in receipt of counterparty cash payments;

• A reduction in the availability of intraday credit lines at our third-party clearing agents; and

• Higher settlement volumes due to an increase in activity.

Long-Term Stress Testing. We utilize longer-term stress tests to take a forward view on our liquidity position through prolonged stress periods in which we experience a severe liquidity stress and recover in an environment that continues to be challenging. We are focused on ensuring conservative asset-liability management to prepare for a prolonged period of potential stress, seeking to maintain a diversified funding profile with an appropriate tenor, taking into consideration the characteristics and liquidity profile of our assets.

We also perform stress tests on a regular basis as part of our routine risk management processes and conduct tailored stress tests on an ad hoc or product-specific basis in response to market developments.

Resolution Liquidity Models. In connection with our resolution planning efforts, we have established an RLAP framework, which estimates liquidity needs of our major subsidiaries in a stressed environment. The liquidity needs of such subsidiaries are measured using our Modeled Liquidity Outflow assumptions and include certain additional inter-affiliate exposures. We have also established a Resolution Liquidity Execution Need framework, which measures the liquidity needs of our major subsidiaries to stabilize and wind-down following a Group Inc. bankruptcy filing in accordance with our preferred resolution strategy. See “Regulatory Matters and Developments — Resolution and Recovery Plans” for further information.

Model Review and Validation

Treasury regularly refines our Modeled Liquidity Outflow, Intraday Liquidity Model and our other stress testing models to reflect changes in market or economic conditions and our business mix. Any changes, including model assumptions, are assessed and approved by Liquidity Risk Management.

Model Risk Management is responsible for the independent review and validation of our liquidity models. See “Model Risk Management” for further information about the review and validation of these models.

Limits

We use liquidity limits at various levels and across liquidity risk types to manage the size of our liquidity exposures. Limits are measured relative to acceptable levels of risk given our liquidity risk tolerance. The purpose of the firmwide limits is to assist senior management in monitoring and controlling our overall liquidity profile.

The Risk Committee of the Board and the Firmwide Finance Committee approve liquidity risk limits at the firmwide level. Limits are reviewed frequently and amended, with required approvals, on a permanent and temporary basis, as appropriate, to reflect changing market or business conditions.

131 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Our liquidity risk limits are monitored by Treasury and Liquidity Risk Management. Treasury is responsible for identifying and escalating, on a timely basis, instances where limits have been exceeded.

GCLA and Unencumbered Metrics

GCLA. Based on the results of our internal liquidity risk models, described above, as well as our consideration of other factors including, but not limited to, an assessment of our potential intraday liquidity needs and a qualitative assessment of our condition, as well as the financial markets, we believe our liquidity position as of both September 2017 and December 2016 was appropriate. As of September 2017 and December 2016, the fair value of the securities and certain overnight cash deposits included in our GCLA totaled $220.38 billion and $226.07 billion, respectively. We strictly limit our GCLA to a narrowly defined list of securities and cash because they are highly liquid, even in a difficult funding environment. We do not include other potential sources of excess liquidity in our GCLA, such as less liquid unencumbered securities or committed credit facilities. The fair value of our GCLA averaged $221.17 billion and $213.86 billion for the three months ended September 2017 and June 2017, respectively.

The table below presents the average fair value of the securities and certain overnight cash deposits that are included in our GCLA.

	Average for the Three Months Ended
$ in millions		September 2017	June 2017
U.S. dollar-denominated		$146,573	$154,005
Non-U.S. dollar-denominated		74,597	59,856
Total		$221,170	$213,861

The table below presents the average fair value of our GCLA by asset class.

	Average for the Three Months Ended
$ in millions		September 2017	June 2017
Overnight cash deposits		$  98,739	$  90,528
U.S. government obligations		73,251	72,655
U.S. agency obligations		11,815	12,889
Non-U.S. government obligations		37,365	37,789
Total		$221,170	$213,861

In the tables above:

• The U.S. dollar-denominated GCLA consists of (i) unencumbered U.S. government and agency obligations (including highly liquid U.S. agency mortgage-backed obligations), all of which are eligible as collateral in Federal Reserve open market operations and (ii) certain overnight U.S. dollar cash deposits.

• The non-U.S. dollar-denominated GCLA consists of non-U.S. government obligations (only unencumbered German, French, Japanese and U.K. government obligations) and certain overnight cash deposits in highly liquid currencies.

The table below presents the average GCLA of Group Inc. and Funding IHC, and Group Inc.’s major broker-dealer and bank subsidiaries.

	Average for the Three Months Ended
$ in millions		September 2017	June 2017
Group Inc. and Funding IHC		$  35,123	$  34,888
Major broker-dealer subsidiaries		106,430	95,800
Major bank subsidiaries		79,617	83,173
Total		$221,170	$213,861

We maintain our GCLA to enable us to meet current and potential liquidity requirements of our parent company, Group Inc., and its subsidiaries. Our Modeled Liquidity Outflow and Intraday Liquidity Model incorporate a consolidated requirement for Group Inc., as well as a standalone requirement for each of our major broker-dealer and bank subsidiaries. During the second quarter of 2017, in connection with our resolution plan, Group Inc. transferred substantially all of its GCLA to Funding IHC. Funding IHC is required to provide the necessary liquidity to Group Inc. during the ordinary course of business, and is also obligated to provide capital and liquidity support to major subsidiaries in the event of our material financial distress or failure. Liquidity held directly in each of our major broker-dealer and bank subsidiaries is intended for use only by that subsidiary to meet its liquidity requirements and is assumed not to be available to Group Inc. or Funding IHC unless (i) legally provided for and (ii) there are no additional regulatory, tax or other restrictions. In addition, the Modeled Liquidity Outflow and Intraday Liquidity Model also incorporate a broader assessment of standalone liquidity requirements for other subsidiaries and we hold a portion of our GCLA directly at Group Inc. or Funding IHC to support such requirements.

Other Unencumbered Assets. In addition to our GCLA, we have a significant amount of other unencumbered cash and financial instruments, including other government obligations, high-grade money market securities, corporate obligations, marginable equities, loans and cash deposits not included in our GCLA. The fair value of our unencumbered assets averaged $159.65 billion and $153.66 billion for the three months ended September 2017 and June 2017, respectively. We do not consider these assets liquid enough to be eligible for our GCLA.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 132

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Liquidity Regulatory Framework

As a bank holding company, we are subject to the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies’ Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) rule. The LCR rule requires organizations to maintain an adequate ratio of eligible high-quality liquid assets (HQLA) to expected net cash outflows under an acute short-term liquidity stress scenario. Eligible HQLA excludes HQLA held by subsidiaries that is in excess of their minimum requirement and is subject to transfer restrictions. We are required to maintain a minimum LCR of 100% and for the three months ended September 2017, our average LCR exceeded the minimum requirement.

The table below presents information about our average LCR.

$ in millions	Average for the Three Months Ended September 2017
Total HQLA	$218,419
Eligible HQLA	$165,542
Net cash outflows	$129,459
LCR	128%

We expect that fluctuations in client activity, business mix and the overall market environment will impact our average LCR in the future.

In addition, the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies have issued a proposed rule that calls for a net stable funding ratio (NSFR) for large U.S. banking organizations. The proposal would require banking organizations to ensure they have access to stable funding over a one-year time horizon. The proposed rule includes quarterly disclosure of the ratio, as well as a description of the banking organization’s stable funding sources. The U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies have not released the final rule. We expect that we will be compliant with the NSFR requirement by the effective date of the final rule.

The following is information on our subsidiary liquidity regulatory requirements:

• GS Bank USA. GS Bank USA is subject to minimum liquidity standards under the LCR rule approved by the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies. As of September 2017, GS Bank USA’s LCR exceeded the minimum requirement. The U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies’ proposed rule on the NSFR described above would also apply to GS Bank USA.

• GSI. The LCR rule issued by the U.K. regulatory authorities became effective in the U.K. on October 1, 2015, with a phase-in period whereby certain financial institutions, including GSI, were required to have an 80% minimum ratio initially, increasing to 90% on January 1, 2017 and 100% on January 1, 2018.

• Other Subsidiaries. We monitor the local regulatory liquidity requirements of our subsidiaries to ensure compliance. For many of our subsidiaries, these requirements either have changed or are likely to change in the future due to the implementation of the Basel Committee’s framework for liquidity risk measurement, standards and monitoring, as well as other regulatory developments.

The implementation of these rules, and any amendments adopted by the applicable regulatory authorities, could impact our liquidity and funding requirements and practices in the future.

Credit Ratings

We rely on the short-term and long-term debt capital markets to fund a significant portion of our day-to-day operations and the cost and availability of debt financing is influenced by our credit ratings. Credit ratings are also important when we are competing in certain markets, such as OTC derivatives, and when we seek to engage in longer-term transactions. See “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the 2016 Form 10-K for information about the risks associated with a reduction in our credit ratings.

The table below presents the unsecured credit ratings and outlook of Group Inc. by DBRS, Inc. (DBRS), Fitch, Inc. (Fitch), Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s), Rating and Investment Information, Inc. (R&I), and Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (S&P).

	As of September 2017
		DBRS		Fitch	Moody’s	R&I	S&P
Short-term Debt		R-1 (middle	)	F1	P-2	a-1	A-2
Long-term Debt		A (high	)	A	A3	A	BBB+
Subordinated Debt		A		A-	Baa2	A-	BBB-
Trust Preferred		A		BBB-	Baa3	N/A	BB
Preferred Stock		BBB (high	)	BB+	Ba1	N/A	BB
Ratings Outlook		Stable		Stable	Stable	Stable	Stable

In the table above:

• The ratings for Trust Preferred relate to the guaranteed preferred beneficial interests issued by Goldman Sachs Capital I.

• The DBRS, Fitch, Moody’s and S&P ratings for Preferred Stock include the APEX issued by Goldman Sachs Capital II and Goldman Sachs Capital III.

133 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The table below presents the unsecured credit ratings and outlook of GS Bank USA, GSIB, GS&Co. and GSI, by Fitch, Moody’s and S&P.

	As of September 2017
		Fitch	Moody’s	S&P
GS Bank USA
Short-term Debt		F1	P-1	A-1
Long-term Debt		A+	A1	A+
Short-term Bank Deposits		F1+	P-1	N/A
Long-term Bank Deposits		AA-	A1	N/A
Ratings Outlook		Stable	Stable	Stable
GSIB
Short-term Debt		F1	P-1	A-1
Long-term Debt		A	A1	A+
Short-term Bank Deposits		F1	P-1	N/A
Long-term Bank Deposits		A	A1	N/A
Ratings Outlook		Stable	Stable	Stable
GS&Co.
Short-term Debt		F1	N/A	A-1
Long-term Debt		A+	N/A	A+
Ratings Outlook		Stable	N/A	Stable
GSI
Short-term Debt		F1	P-1	A-1
Long-term Debt		A	A1	A+
Ratings Outlook		Stable	Stable	Stable

We believe our credit ratings are primarily based on the credit rating agencies’ assessment of:

• Our liquidity, market, credit and operational risk management practices;

• The level and variability of our earnings;

• Our capital base;

• Our franchise, reputation and management;

• Our corporate governance; and

• The external operating and economic environment, including, in some cases, the assumed level of government support or other systemic considerations, such as potential resolution.

Certain of our derivatives have been transacted under bilateral agreements with counterparties who may require us to post collateral or terminate the transactions based on changes in our credit ratings. We assess the impact of these bilateral agreements by determining the collateral or termination payments that would occur assuming a downgrade by all rating agencies. A downgrade by any one rating agency, depending on the agency’s relative ratings of us at the time of the downgrade, may have an impact, which is comparable to the impact of a downgrade by all rating agencies.

We manage our GCLA to ensure we would, among other potential requirements, be able to make the additional collateral or termination payments that may be required in the event of a two-notch reduction in our long-term credit ratings, as well as collateral that has not been called by counterparties, but is available to them.

The table below presents the additional collateral or termination payments related to our net derivative liabilities under bilateral agreements that could have been called by counterparties in the event of a one-notch and two-notch downgrade in our credit ratings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Additional collateral or termination payments:
One-notch downgrade		$   272	$   677
Two-notch downgrade		$1,374	$2,216

Cash Flows

As a global financial institution, our cash flows are complex and bear little relation to our net earnings and net assets. Consequently, we believe that traditional cash flow analysis is less meaningful in evaluating our liquidity position than the liquidity and asset-liability management policies described above. Cash flow analysis may, however, be helpful in highlighting certain macro trends and strategic initiatives in our businesses.

Nine Months Ended September 2017. Our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $5.10 billion to $116.61 billion at the end of the third quarter of 2017. We used $11.12 billion in net cash for operating activities, primarily related to an increase in financial instruments owned, partially offset by a decrease in collateralized transactions. We used $18.09 billion in net cash for investing activities, primarily to fund loans receivable. We generated $24.10 billion in net cash from financing activities, primarily from net issuances of unsecured long-term borrowings.

Nine Months Ended September 2016. Our cash and cash equivalents increased by $24.56 billion to $118.00 billion at the end of the third quarter of 2016. We generated $11.30 billion in net cash from investing activities, primarily from net cash acquired in business acquisitions. We generated $13.26 billion in net cash from financing activities and operating activities, primarily from increases in deposits and from net issuances of unsecured long-term borrowings, partially offset by common stock repurchased.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 134

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Market Risk Management

Overview

Market risk is the risk of loss in the value of our inventory, as well as certain other financial assets and financial liabilities, due to changes in market conditions. We employ a variety of risk measures, each described in the respective sections below, to monitor market risk. We hold inventory primarily for market making for our clients and for our investing and lending activities. Our inventory therefore changes based on client demands and our investment opportunities. Our inventory is accounted for at fair value and therefore fluctuates on a daily basis, with the related gains and losses included in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions.” Categories of market risk include the following:

• Interest rate risk: results from exposures to changes in the level, slope and curvature of yield curves, the volatilities of interest rates, prepayment speeds and credit spreads;

• Equity price risk: results from exposures to changes in prices and volatilities of individual equities, baskets of equities and equity indices;

• Currency rate risk: results from exposures to changes in spot prices, forward prices and volatilities of currency rates; and

• Commodity price risk: results from exposures to changes in spot prices, forward prices and volatilities of commodities, such as crude oil, petroleum products, natural gas, electricity, and precious and base metals.

Market Risk Management, which is independent of the revenue-producing units and reports to our chief risk officer, has primary responsibility for assessing, monitoring and managing our market risk. We monitor and control risks through strong firmwide oversight and independent control and support functions across our global businesses.

Managers in revenue-producing units and Market Risk Management discuss market information, positions and estimated risk and loss scenarios on an ongoing basis. Managers in revenue-producing units are accountable for managing risk within prescribed limits. These managers have in-depth knowledge of their positions, markets and the instruments available to hedge their exposures.

Market Risk Management Process

We manage our market risk by diversifying exposures, controlling position sizes and establishing economic hedges in related securities or derivatives. This process includes:

• Accurate and timely exposure information incorporating multiple risk metrics;

• A dynamic limit setting framework; and

• Constant communication among revenue-producing units, risk managers and senior management.

Risk Measures

Market Risk Management produces risk measures and monitors them against established market risk limits. These measures reflect an extensive range of scenarios and the results are aggregated at product, business and firmwide levels.

We use a variety of risk measures to estimate the size of potential losses for both moderate and more extreme market moves over both short-term and long-term time horizons. Our primary risk measures are VaR, which is used for shorter-term periods, and stress tests. Our risk reports detail key risks, drivers and changes for each desk and business, and are distributed daily to senior management of both our revenue-producing units and our independent control and support functions.

Value-at-Risk. VaR is the potential loss in value due to adverse market movements over a defined time horizon with a specified confidence level. For assets and liabilities included in VaR, see “Financial Statement Linkages to Market Risk Measures.” We typically employ a one-day time horizon with a 95% confidence level. We use a single VaR model which captures risks including interest rates, equity prices, currency rates and commodity prices. As such, VaR facilitates comparison across portfolios of different risk characteristics. VaR also captures the diversification of aggregated risk at the firmwide level.

We are aware of the inherent limitations to VaR and therefore use a variety of risk measures in our market risk management process. Inherent limitations to VaR include:

• VaR does not estimate potential losses over longer time horizons where moves may be extreme;

• VaR does not take account of the relative liquidity of different risk positions; and

• Previous moves in market risk factors may not produce accurate predictions of all future market moves.

When calculating VaR, we use historical simulations with full valuation of approximately 70,000 market factors. VaR is calculated at a position level based on simultaneously shocking the relevant market risk factors for that position. We sample from five years of historical data to generate the scenarios for our VaR calculation. The historical data is weighted so that the relative importance of the data reduces over time. This gives greater importance to more recent observations and reflects current asset volatilities, which improves the accuracy of our estimates of potential loss. As a result, even if our positions included in VaR were unchanged, our VaR would increase with increasing market volatility and vice versa.

135 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Given its reliance on historical data, VaR is most effective in estimating risk exposures in markets in which there are no sudden fundamental changes or shifts in market conditions.

Our VaR measure does not include:

• Positions that are best measured and monitored using sensitivity measures; and

• The impact of changes in counterparty and our own credit spreads on derivatives, as well as changes in our own credit spreads on financial liabilities for which the fair value option was elected.

We perform daily backtesting of our VaR model (i.e., comparing daily net revenues for positions included in VaR to the VaR measure calculated as of the prior business day) at the firmwide level and for each of our businesses and major regulated subsidiaries.

Stress Testing. Stress testing is a method of determining the effect of various hypothetical stress scenarios. We use stress testing to examine risks of specific portfolios, as well as the potential impact of our significant risk exposures. We use a variety of stress testing techniques to calculate the potential loss from a wide range of market moves on our portfolios, including sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis and firmwide stress tests. The results of our various stress tests are analyzed together for risk management purposes.

Sensitivity analysis is used to quantify the impact of a market move in a single risk factor across all positions (e.g., equity prices or credit spreads) using a variety of defined market shocks, ranging from those that could be expected over a one-day time horizon up to those that could take many months to occur. We also use sensitivity analysis to quantify the impact of the default of any single entity, which captures the risk of large or concentrated exposures.

Scenario analysis is used to quantify the impact of a specified event, including how the event impacts multiple risk factors simultaneously. For example, for sovereign stress testing we calculate potential direct exposure associated with our sovereign inventory, as well as the corresponding debt, equity and currency exposures associated with our non-sovereign inventory that may be impacted by the sovereign distress. When conducting scenario analysis, we typically consider a number of possible outcomes for each scenario, ranging from moderate to severely adverse market impacts. In addition, these stress tests are constructed using both historical events and forward-looking hypothetical scenarios.

Firmwide stress testing combines market, credit, operational and liquidity risks into a single combined scenario. Firmwide stress tests are primarily used to assess capital adequacy as part of our capital planning and stress testing process; however, we also ensure that firmwide stress testing is integrated into our risk governance framework. This includes selecting appropriate scenarios to use for our capital planning and stress testing process. See “Equity Capital Management and Regulatory Capital — Equity Capital Management” above for further information.

Unlike VaR measures, which have an implied probability because they are calculated at a specified confidence level, there is generally no implied probability that our stress test scenarios will occur. Instead, stress tests are used to model both moderate and more extreme moves in underlying market factors. When estimating potential loss, we generally assume that our positions cannot be reduced or hedged (although experience demonstrates that we are generally able to do so).

Stress test scenarios are conducted on a regular basis as part of our routine risk management process and on an ad hoc basis in response to market events or concerns. Stress testing is an important part of our risk management process because it allows us to quantify our exposure to tail risks, highlight potential loss concentrations, undertake risk/reward analysis, and assess and mitigate our risk positions.

Limits. We use risk limits at various levels (including firmwide, business and product) to govern risk appetite by controlling the size of our exposures to market risk. Limits are set based on VaR and on a range of stress tests relevant to our exposures. Limits are reviewed frequently and amended on a permanent or temporary basis to reflect changing market conditions, business conditions or tolerance for risk.

The Risk Committee of the Board and the Risk Governance Committee (through delegated authority from the Firmwide Risk Committee) approve market risk limits and sub-limits at firmwide, business and product levels, consistent with our risk appetite. In addition, Market Risk Management (through delegated authority from the Risk Governance Committee) sets market risk limits and sub-limits at certain product and desk levels.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 136

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The purpose of the firmwide limits is to assist senior management in controlling our overall risk profile. Sub-limits are set below the approved level of risk limits. Sub-limits set the desired maximum amount of exposure that may be managed by any particular business on a day-to-day basis without additional levels of senior management approval, effectively leaving day-to-day decisions to individual desk managers and traders. Accordingly, sub-limits are a management tool designed to ensure appropriate escalation rather than to establish maximum risk tolerance. Sub-limits also distribute risk among various businesses in a manner that is consistent with their level of activity and client demand, taking into account the relative performance of each area.

Our market risk limits are monitored daily by Market Risk Management, which is responsible for identifying and escalating, on a timely basis, instances where limits have been exceeded.

When a risk limit has been exceeded (e.g., due to positional changes or changes in market conditions, such as increased volatilities or changes in correlations), it is escalated to senior managers in Market Risk Management and/or the appropriate risk committee. Such instances are remediated by an inventory reduction and/or a temporary or permanent increase to the risk limit.

Model Review and Validation

Our VaR and stress testing models are regularly reviewed by Market Risk Management and enhanced in order to incorporate changes in the composition of positions included in our market risk measures, as well as variations in market conditions. Prior to implementing significant changes to our assumptions and/or models, Model Risk Management performs model validations. Significant changes to our VaR and stress testing models are reviewed with our chief risk officer and chief financial officer, and approved by the Firmwide Risk Committee.

See “Model Risk Management” for further information about the review and validation of these models.

Systems

We have made a significant investment in technology to monitor market risk including:

• An independent calculation of VaR and stress measures;

• Risk measures calculated at individual position levels;

• Attribution of risk measures to individual risk factors of each position;

• The ability to report many different views of the risk measures (e.g., by desk, business, product type or legal entity); and

• The ability to produce ad hoc analyses in a timely manner.

Metrics

We analyze VaR at the firmwide level and a variety of more detailed levels, including by risk category, business, and region. The tables below present average daily VaR and period-end VaR, as well as the high and low VaR for the period. Diversification effect in the tables below represents the difference between total VaR and the sum of the VaRs for the four risk categories. This effect arises because the four market risk categories are not perfectly correlated.

The table below presents average daily VaR by risk category.

	Three Months Ended							Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		September 2017		June 2017		September 2016			2017		2016
Interest rates		$ 38		$ 40		$ 42			$ 40		$ 47
Equity prices		21		23		23			23		25
Currency rates		12		10		18			14		21
Commodity prices		9		17		17			15		18
Diversification effect		(33	)	(39	)	(43	)		(38	)	(48	)
Total		$ 47		$ 51		$ 57			$ 54		$ 63

Our average daily VaR decreased to $47 million for the third quarter of 2017 from $51 million for the second quarter of 2017, primarily due to reductions in the commodity prices, interest rates and equity prices categories, partially offset by a decrease in the diversification effect. The overall decrease was due to lower levels of volatility.

Our average daily VaR decreased to $47 million for the third quarter of 2017 from $57 million for the third quarter of 2016, due to reductions across all risk categories, partially offset by a decrease in the diversification effect. The overall decrease was due to lower levels of volatility.

Our average daily VaR decreased to $54 million for the nine months ended September 2017 from $63 million for the nine months ended September 2016, due to reductions across all risk categories, partially offset by a decrease in the diversification effect. The overall decrease was due to lower levels of volatility.

137 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

The table below presents period-end VaR by risk category.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		June 2017		September 2016
Interest rates		$ 35		$ 39		$ 38
Equity prices		24		23		23
Currency rates		7		11		16
Commodity prices		8		11		17
Diversification effect		(29	)	(33	)	(38	)
Total		$ 45		$ 51		$ 56

Our daily VaR decreased to $45 million as of September 2017 from $51 million as of June 2017, primarily due to reductions in the interest rates, currency rates and commodity prices categories, partially offset by a decrease in the diversification effect. The overall decrease was due to lower levels of volatility.

Our daily VaR decreased to $45 million as of September 2017 from $56 million as of September 2016, primarily due to reductions in the currency rates, commodity prices and interest rates categories, partially offset by a decrease in the diversification effect. The overall decrease was due to lower levels of volatility.

During the third quarter of 2017, the firmwide VaR risk limit was not exceeded, raised or reduced.

The table below presents high and low VaR by risk category.

	Three Months Ended September 2017
$ in millions		High	Low
Interest rates		$ 53	$ 29
Equity prices		$ 25	$ 17
Currency rates		$ 18	$   7
Commodity prices		$ 12	$   7

The high and low total VaR was $57 million and $37 million, respectively, for the three months ended September 2017.

The chart below reflects our daily VaR over the last four quarters.

The chart below presents the frequency distribution of our daily net revenues for positions included in VaR for the quarter ended September 2017.

Daily net revenues for positions included in VaR are compared with VaR calculated as of the end of the prior business day. Net losses incurred on a single day for such positions did not exceed our 95% one-day VaR during the third quarter of 2017 (i.e., a VaR exception).

During periods in which we have significantly more positive net revenue days than net revenue loss days, we expect to have fewer VaR exceptions because, under normal conditions, our business model generally produces positive net revenues. In periods in which our franchise revenues are adversely affected, we generally have more loss days, resulting in more VaR exceptions. The daily net revenues for positions included in VaR used to determine VaR exceptions reflect the impact of any intraday activity, including bid/offer net revenues, which are more likely than not to be positive by their nature.

Sensitivity Measures

Certain portfolios and individual positions are not included in VaR because VaR is not the most appropriate risk measure. Other sensitivity measures we use to analyze market risk are described below.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 138

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

10% Sensitivity Measures. The table below presents market risk for positions, accounted for at fair value, that are not included in VaR by asset category. The market risk of these positions is determined by estimating the potential reduction in net revenues of a 10% decline in the value of these positions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	June 2017	September 2016
Equity		$2,140	$2,199	$2,108
Debt		1,628	1,664	1,672
Total		$3,768	$3,863	$3,780

In the table above:

• Equity positions relate to private and restricted public equity securities, including interests in funds that invest in corporate equities and real estate and interests in hedge funds.

• Debt positions include interests in funds that invest in corporate mezzanine and senior debt instruments, loans backed by commercial and residential real estate, corporate bank loans and other corporate debt, including acquired portfolios of distressed loans.

• Equity and debt funded positions are reflected in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition in “Financial instruments owned.” See Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about cash instruments.

• These measures do not reflect diversification benefits across asset categories or across other market risk measures.

Credit Spread Sensitivity on Derivatives and Financial Liabilities. VaR excludes the impact of changes in counterparty and our own credit spreads on derivatives, as well as changes in our own credit spreads (debt valuation adjustment) on financial liabilities for which the fair value option was elected. The estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in credit spreads (counterparty and our own) on derivatives was a gain of $3 million (including hedges) as of both September 2017 and June 2017. In addition, the estimated sensitivity to a one basis point increase in our own credit spreads on financial liabilities for which the fair value option was elected was a gain of $32 million and $28 million as of September 2017 and June 2017, respectively. However, the actual net impact of a change in our own credit spreads is also affected by the liquidity, duration and convexity (as the sensitivity is not linear to changes in yields) of those financial liabilities for which the fair value option was elected, as well as the relative performance of any hedges undertaken.

Interest Rate Sensitivity. “Loans receivable” as of September 2017 and June 2017 were $61.49 billion and $53.95 billion, respectively, substantially all of which had floating interest rates. As of September 2017 and June 2017, the estimated sensitivity to a 100 basis point increase in interest rates on such loans was $486 million and $424 million, respectively, of additional interest income over a twelve-month period, which does not take into account the potential impact of an increase in costs to fund such loans. See Note 9 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about loans receivable.

Other Market Risk Considerations

As of September 2017 and June 2017, we had commitments and held loans for which we have obtained credit loss protection from Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, Inc. See Note 18 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about such lending commitments.

In addition, we make investments in securities that are accounted for as available-for-sale and included in “Financial instruments owned” in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. See Note 6 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information.

We also make investments accounted for under the equity method and we also make direct investments in real estate, both of which are included in “Other assets.” Direct investments in real estate are accounted for at cost less accumulated depreciation. See Note 13 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for further information about “Other assets.”

Financial Statement Linkages to Market Risk Measures

We employ a variety of risk measures, each described in the respective sections above, to monitor market risk across the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and condensed consolidated statements of earnings. The related gains and losses on these positions are included in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions,” “Interest income” and “Interest expense” in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings, and “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The table below presents certain categories in our condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and the market risk measures used to assess those assets and liabilities. Certain categories in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition are incorporated in more than one risk measure.

139 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Categories in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition	Market Risk Measures
Collateralized agreements Securities purchased under agreements to resell, at fair value	VaR
Securities borrowed, at fair value	VaR
Receivables Certain secured loans, at fair value	VaR
Loans receivable	Interest Rate Sensitivity
Financial instruments owned	VaR 10% Sensitivity Measures Credit Spread Sensitivity — Derivatives
Deposits, at fair value	Credit Spread Sensitivity — Financial Liabilities
Collateralized financings Securities sold under agreements to repurchase, at fair value	VaR
Securities loaned, at fair value	VaR
Other secured financings, at fair value	VaR
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	VaR Credit Spread Sensitivity — Derivatives
Unsecured short-term borrowings and unsecured long-term borrowings, at fair value	VaR Credit Spread Sensitivity — Financial Liabilities

Credit Risk Management

Overview

Credit risk represents the potential for loss due to the default or deterioration in credit quality of a counterparty (e.g., an OTC derivatives counterparty or a borrower) or an issuer of securities or other instruments we hold. Our exposure to credit risk comes mostly from client transactions in OTC derivatives and loans and lending commitments. Credit risk also comes from cash placed with banks, securities financing transactions (i.e., resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowing and lending activities) and receivables from brokers, dealers, clearing organizations, customers and counterparties.

Credit Risk Management, which is independent of the revenue-producing units and reports to our chief risk officer, has primary responsibility for assessing, monitoring and managing credit risk. The Firmwide Risk Committee and the Risk Governance Committee establish and review credit policies and parameters. In addition, we hold other positions that give rise to credit risk (e.g., bonds held in our inventory and secondary bank loans). These credit risks are captured as a component of market risk measures, which are monitored and managed by Market Risk Management, consistent with other inventory positions. We also enter into derivatives to manage market risk exposures. Such derivatives also give rise to credit risk, which is monitored and managed by Credit Risk Management.

Credit Risk Management Process

Effective management of credit risk requires accurate and timely information, a high level of communication and knowledge of customers, countries, industries and products. Our process for managing credit risk includes:

• Approving transactions and setting and communicating credit exposure limits;

• Establishing or approving underwriting standards;

• Monitoring compliance with established credit exposure limits;

• Assessing the likelihood that a counterparty will default on its payment obligations;

• Measuring our current and potential credit exposure and losses resulting from counterparty default;

• Reporting of credit exposures to senior management, the Board and regulators;

• Using credit risk mitigants, including collateral and hedging; and

• Communicating and collaborating with other independent control and support functions such as operations, legal and compliance.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 140

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

As part of the risk assessment process, Credit Risk Management performs credit reviews, which include initial and ongoing analyses of our counterparties. For substantially all of our credit exposures, the core of our process is an annual counterparty credit review. A credit review is an independent analysis of the capacity and willingness of a counterparty to meet its financial obligations, resulting in an internal credit rating. The determination of internal credit ratings also incorporates assumptions with respect to the nature of and outlook for the counterparty’s industry, and the economic environment. Senior personnel within Credit Risk Management, with expertise in specific industries, inspect and approve credit reviews and internal credit ratings.

Our risk assessment process may also include, where applicable, reviewing certain key metrics, such as delinquency status, collateral values, credit scores and other risk factors.

Our global credit risk management systems capture credit exposure to individual counterparties and on an aggregate basis to counterparties and their subsidiaries (economic groups). These systems also provide management with comprehensive information on our aggregate credit risk by product, internal credit rating, industry, country and region.

Risk Measures and Limits

We measure our credit risk based on the potential loss in the event of non-payment by a counterparty using current and potential exposure. For derivatives and securities financing transactions, current exposure represents the amount presently owed to us after taking into account applicable netting and collateral arrangements while potential exposure represents our estimate of the future exposure that could arise over the life of a transaction based on market movements within a specified confidence level. Potential exposure also takes into account netting and collateral arrangements. For loans and lending commitments, the primary measure is a function of the notional amount of the position.

We use credit limits at various levels (e.g., counterparty, economic group, industry and country), as well as underwriting standards to control the size and nature of our credit exposures. Limits for counterparties and economic groups are reviewed regularly and revised to reflect changing risk appetites for a given counterparty or group of counterparties. Limits for industries and countries are based on our risk tolerance and are designed to allow for regular monitoring, review, escalation and management of credit risk concentrations.

The Risk Committee of the Board and the Risk Governance Committee (through delegated authority from the Firmwide Risk Committee) approve credit risk limits at firmwide, business and product levels. Credit Risk Management (through delegated authority from the Risk Governance Committee) sets credit limits for individual counterparties, economic groups, industries and countries. Policies authorized by the Firmwide Risk Committee and the Risk Governance Committee prescribe the level of formal approval required for us to assume credit exposure to a counterparty across all product areas, taking into account any applicable netting provisions, collateral or other credit risk mitigants.

Stress Tests

We use regular stress tests to calculate the credit exposures, including potential concentrations that would result from applying shocks to counterparty credit ratings or credit risk factors (e.g., currency rates, interest rates, equity prices). These shocks include a wide range of moderate and more extreme market movements. Some of our stress tests include shocks to multiple risk factors, consistent with the occurrence of a severe market or economic event. In the case of sovereign default, we estimate the direct impact of the default on our sovereign credit exposures, changes to our credit exposures arising from potential market moves in response to the default, and the impact of credit market deterioration on corporate borrowers and counterparties that may result from the sovereign default. Unlike potential exposure, which is calculated within a specified confidence level, with a stress test there is generally no assumed probability of these events occurring.

We perform stress tests on a regular basis as part of our routine risk management processes and conduct tailored stress tests on an ad hoc basis in response to market developments. Stress tests are conducted jointly with our market and liquidity risk functions.

Model Review and Validation

Our potential credit exposure and stress testing models, and any changes to such models or assumptions, are reviewed by Model Risk Management. See “Model Risk Management” for further information about the review and validation of these models.

141 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Risk Mitigants

To reduce our credit exposures on derivatives and securities financing transactions, we may enter into netting agreements with counterparties that permit us to offset receivables and payables with such counterparties. We may also reduce credit risk with counterparties by entering into agreements that enable us to obtain collateral from them on an upfront or contingent basis and/or to terminate transactions if the counterparty’s credit rating falls below a specified level. We monitor the fair value of the collateral on a daily basis to ensure that our credit exposures are appropriately collateralized. We seek to minimize exposures where there is a significant positive correlation between the creditworthiness of our counterparties and the market value of collateral we receive.

For loans and lending commitments, depending on the credit quality of the borrower and other characteristics of the transaction, we employ a variety of potential risk mitigants. Risk mitigants include collateral provisions, guarantees, covenants, structural seniority of the bank loan claims and, for certain lending commitments, provisions in the legal documentation that allow us to adjust loan amounts, pricing, structure and other terms as market conditions change. The type and structure of risk mitigants employed can significantly influence the degree of credit risk involved in a loan or lending commitment.

When we do not have sufficient visibility into a counterparty’s financial strength or when we believe a counterparty requires support from its parent, we may obtain third-party guarantees of the counterparty’s obligations. We may also mitigate our credit risk using credit derivatives or participation agreements.

Credit Exposures

As of September 2017, our aggregate credit exposure increased as compared with December 2016. The percentage of our credit exposures arising from non-investment-grade counterparties (based on our internally determined public rating agency equivalents) increased as compared with December 2016, reflecting an increase in non-investment-grade loans and lending commitments. During the nine months ended September 2017, the number of counterparty defaults increased as compared with the same prior year period, and substantially all of such defaults occurred within loans and lending commitments. The total number of counterparty defaults remained low, representing less than 0.5% of all counterparties. Estimated losses associated with counterparty defaults were lower compared with the same prior year period and were not material. Our credit exposures are described further below.

Cash and Cash Equivalents. Our credit exposure on cash and cash equivalents arises from our unrestricted cash, and includes both interest-bearing and non-interest-bearing deposits. To mitigate the risk of credit loss, we place substantially all of our deposits with highly-rated banks and central banks. Unrestricted cash was $99.19 billion and $107.06 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and excludes cash segregated for regulatory and other purposes of $17.42 billion and $14.65 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

OTC Derivatives. Our credit exposure on OTC derivatives arises primarily from our market-making activities. As a market maker, we enter into derivative transactions to provide liquidity to clients and to facilitate the transfer and hedging of their risks. We also enter into derivatives to manage market risk exposures. We manage our credit exposure on OTC derivatives using the credit risk process, measures, limits and risk mitigants described above.

Derivatives are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis (i.e., the net payable or receivable for derivative assets and liabilities for a given counterparty) when a legal right of setoff exists under an enforceable netting agreement. Derivatives are accounted for at fair value, net of cash collateral received or posted under enforceable credit support agreements. We generally enter into OTC derivatives transactions under bilateral collateral arrangements that require the daily exchange of collateral. As credit risk is an essential component of fair value, we include a credit valuation adjustment (CVA) in the fair value of derivatives to reflect counterparty credit risk, as described in Note 7 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. CVA is a function of the present value of expected exposure, the probability of counterparty default and the assumed recovery upon default.

The table below presents the distribution of our exposure to OTC derivatives by tenor, both before and after the effect of collateral and netting agreements.

$ in millions	Investment- Grade		Non-Investment- Grade / Unrated		Total
As of September 2017
Less than 1 year	$  18,172		$  4,491		$   22,663
1 - 5 years	24,509		5,000		29,509
Greater than 5 years	62,004		4,442		66,446
Total	104,685		13,933		118,618
Netting	(65,596	)	(6,980	)	(72,576	)
OTC derivative assets	$  39,089		$  6,953		$   46,042
Net credit exposure	$  24,331		$  6,214		$   30,545
As of December 2016
Less than 1 year	$  24,840		$  3,983		$   28,823
1 - 5 years	30,801		3,676		34,477
Greater than 5 years	85,951		4,599		90,550
Total	141,592		12,258		153,850
Netting	(96,493	)	(6,232	)	(102,725	)
OTC derivative assets	$  45,099		$  6,026		$   51,125
Net credit exposure	$  28,879		$  4,922		$   33,801

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 142

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

In the table above:

• Tenor is based on expected duration for mortgage-related credit derivatives and generally on remaining contractual maturity for other derivatives.

• Receivable and payable balances with the same counterparty in the same tenor category are netted within such tenor category.

• Receivable and payable balances for the same counterparty across tenor categories are netted under enforceable netting agreements, and cash collateral received is netted under enforceable credit support agreements.

• Net credit exposure represents OTC derivative assets, included in “Financial instruments owned,” less cash collateral and the fair value of securities collateral, primarily U.S. government and agency obligations and non-U.S. government and agency obligations, received under credit support agreements, which management considers when determining credit risk, but such collateral is not eligible for netting under U.S. GAAP.

The tables below present the distribution of our exposure to OTC derivatives by tenor and our internally determined public rating agency equivalents.

	Investment-Grade
$ in millions		AAA		AA			A		BBB		Total
As of September 2017
Less than 1 year		$    412		$   3,577			$   9,381		$   4,802		$ 18,172
1 - 5 years		1,061		4,219			12,840		6,389		24,509
Greater than 5 years		3,025		18,249			21,856		18,874		62,004
Total		4,498		26,045			44,077		30,065		104,685
Netting		(2,309	)	(12,064	)		(32,121	)	(19,102	)	(65,596	)
OTC derivative assets		$ 2,189		$ 13,981			$ 11,956		$ 10,963		$ 39,089
Net credit exposure		$ 1,964		$   8,534			$   6,844		$   6,989		$ 24,331
As of December 2016
Less than 1 year		$    332		$   4,907			$ 12,595		$   7,006		$ 24,840
1 - 5 years		862		6,898			12,814		10,227		30,801
Greater than 5 years		3,182		42,400			19,682		20,687		85,951
Total		4,376		54,205			45,091		37,920		141,592
Netting		(1,860	)	(40,095	)		(31,644	)	(22,894	)	(96,493	)
OTC derivative assets		$ 2,516		$ 14,110			$ 13,447		$ 15,026		$ 45,099
Net credit exposure		$ 2,283		$   8,366			$   8,401		$   9,829		$ 28,879
						Non-Investment-Grade / Unrated
$ in millions							BB or lower		Unrated		Total
As of September 2017
Less than 1 year							$   4,235		$      256		$   4,491
1 - 5 years							4,975		25		5,000
Greater than 5 years							4,376		66		4,442
Total							13,586		347		13,933
Netting							(6,914	)	(66	)	(6,980	)
OTC derivative assets							$   6,672		$      281		$   6,953
Net credit exposure							$   6,029		$      185		$   6,214
As of December 2016
Less than 1 year							$   3,661		$      322		$   3,983
1 - 5 years							3,653		23		3,676
Greater than 5 years							4,437		162		4,599
Total							11,751		507		12,258
Netting							(6,207	)	(25	)	(6,232	)
OTC derivative assets							$   5,544		$      482		$   6,026
Net credit exposure							$   4,569		$      353		$   4,922

Lending and Financing Activities. We manage our lending and financing activities using the credit risk process, measures, limits and risk mitigants described above. Other lending positions, including secondary trading positions, are risk-managed as a component of market risk.

• Lending Activities. Our lending activities include lending to investment-grade and non-investment-grade corporate borrowers. Loans and lending commitments associated with these activities are principally used for operating liquidity and general corporate purposes or in connection with contingent acquisitions. Corporate loans may be secured or unsecured, depending on the loan purpose, the risk profile of the borrower and other factors. Our lending activities also include extending loans to borrowers that are secured by commercial and other real estate. See the tables below for further information about our credit exposures associated with these lending activities. In addition, we extend loans and lending commitments to our private wealth management clients, as well as purchase performing and distressed loans. See “Other Credit Exposures” below for details about these exposures.

• Securities Financing Transactions. We enter into securities financing transactions in order to, among other things, facilitate client activities, invest excess cash, acquire securities to cover short positions and finance certain activities. We bear credit risk related to resale agreements and securities borrowed only to the extent that cash advanced or the value of securities pledged or delivered to the counterparty exceeds the value of the collateral received. We also have credit exposure on repurchase agreements and securities loaned to the extent that the value of securities pledged or delivered to the counterparty for these transactions exceeds the amount of cash or collateral received. Securities collateral obtained for securities financing transactions primarily includes U.S. government and agency obligations and non-U.S. government and agency obligations. As of September 2017 and December 2016, we had approximately $27 billion and $29 billion, respectively, of credit exposure related to securities financing transactions reflecting both netting agreements and collateral that management considers when determining credit risk. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of our credit exposure related to securities financing transactions was with investment-grade financial institutions, funds, governments and municipalities and nonprofits, primarily located in the Americas and EMEA.

143 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

• Other Credit Exposures. We are exposed to credit risk from our receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations and customers and counterparties. Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations primarily consist of initial margin placed with clearing organizations and receivables related to sales of securities which have traded, but not yet settled. These receivables generally have minimal credit risk due to the low probability of clearing organization default and the short-term nature of receivables related to securities settlements. Receivables from customers and counterparties generally consist of collateralized receivables related to customer securities transactions and generally have minimal credit risk due to both the value of the collateral received and the short-term nature of these receivables. Our net credit exposure related to these activities was approximately $33 billion and $31 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and primarily consisted of initial margin (both cash and securities) placed with investment-grade clearing organizations. The regional breakdown of our net credit exposure related to these activities was approximately 43% and 44% in the Americas, approximately 47% and 42% in EMEA, and approximately 10% and 14% in Asia as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

In addition, we extend other loans and lending commitments to our private wealth management clients that are primarily secured by residential real estate, securities or other assets, as well as purchase performing and distressed loans backed by residential real estate and consumer loans. The fair value of the collateral received against such loans and lending commitments generally exceeds their carrying value. We also extend unsecured loans to individuals through our online platform. The gross exposure related to the loans and lending commitments described above was approximately $34 billion and $28 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. The regional breakdown of our net credit exposure related to these activities was approximately 85% and 90% in the Americas, approximately 12% and 8% in EMEA, and approximately 3% and 2% in Asia as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

Credit Exposure by Industry, Region and Credit Quality

The tables below present our credit exposure related to cash, OTC derivatives, and loans and lending commitments (excluding credit exposures described above in “Securities Financing Transactions” and “Other Credit Exposures”) broken down by industry, region and credit quality.

	Cash as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Credit Exposure by Industry
Funds		$         –	$       138
Financial Institutions		14,749	11,836
Sovereign		84,439	95,092
Total		$99,188	$107,066
Credit Exposure by Region
Americas		$54,678	$  80,381
EMEA		32,558	16,099
Asia		11,952	10,586
Total		$99,188	$107,066
Credit Exposure by Credit Quality (Credit Rating Equivalent)
AAA		$64,537	$  83,899
AA		16,966	8,784
A		16,410	13,344
BBB		1,147	971
BB or lower		128	68
Total		$99,188	$107,066

	OTC Derivatives as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Credit Exposure by Industry
Funds		$12,194	$  13,294
Financial Institutions		11,857	14,116
Consumer, Retail & Healthcare		1,245	773
Sovereign		7,843	7,019
Municipalities & Nonprofit		2,879	2,959
Natural Resources & Utilities		2,915	3,707
Real Estate		272	85
Technology, Media & Telecommunications		2,067	4,188
Diversified Industrials		2,404	2,529
Other (including Special Purpose Vehicles)		2,366	2,455
Total		$46,042	$  51,125
Credit Exposure by Region
Americas		$14,693	$  19,629
EMEA		26,937	26,536
Asia		4,412	4,960
Total		$46,042	$  51,125
Credit Exposure by Credit Quality (Credit Rating Equivalent)
AAA		$  2,189	$    2,516
AA		13,981	14,110
A		11,956	13,447
BBB		10,963	15,026
BB or lower		6,672	5,544
Unrated		281	482
Total		$46,042	$  51,125

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 144

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

	Loans and Lending Commitments as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Credit Exposure by Industry
Funds		$    5,249	$    3,854
Financial Institutions		12,475	13,630
Consumer, Retail & Healthcare		31,335	30,007
Sovereign		507	902
Municipalities & Nonprofit		771	709
Natural Resources & Utilities		26,273	25,694
Real Estate		19,221	13,034
Technology, Media & Telecommunications		32,599	33,232
Diversified Industrials		24,267	20,847
Other (including Special Purpose Vehicles)		16,964	12,301
Total		$169,661	$154,210
Credit Exposure by Region
Americas		$123,842	$115,145
EMEA		40,385	35,044
Asia		5,434	4,021
Total		$169,661	$154,210
Credit Exposure by Credit Quality (Credit Rating Equivalent)
AAA		$    3,456	$    3,135
AA		8,704	8,375
A		30,719	29,227
BBB		43,621	43,151
BB or lower		82,907	69,745
Unrated		254	577
Total		$169,661	$154,210

Selected Exposures

We have credit and market exposures, as described below, that have had heightened focus due to recent events and broad market concerns. Credit exposure represents the potential for loss due to the default or deterioration in credit quality of a counterparty or borrower. Market exposure represents the potential for loss in value of our long and short inventory due to changes in market prices.

Current levels of oil prices continue to raise concerns about Venezuela and its sovereign debt. The political situation in Iraq has led to ongoing concerns about its economic stability. The debt crisis in Mozambique has resulted in credit rating downgrades. Our total credit and market exposure to each of Iraq, Venezuela, and Mozambique as of September 2017 was not material.

In addition, hurricane damage has contributed to increased pressure on Puerto Rico’s economy. As of September 2017, our total credit and market exposure to Puerto Rico was not material.

We have a comprehensive framework to monitor, measure and assess our country exposures and to determine our risk appetite. We determine the country of risk by the location of the counterparty, issuer or underlier’s assets, where they generate revenue, the country in which they are headquartered, the jurisdiction where a claim against them could be enforced, and/or the government whose policies affect their ability to repay their obligations. We monitor our credit exposure to a specific country both at the individual counterparty level, as well as at the aggregate country level.

We use regular stress tests, described above, to calculate the credit exposures, including potential concentrations that would result from applying shocks to counterparty credit ratings or credit risk factors. To supplement these regular stress tests, we also conduct tailored stress tests on an ad hoc basis in response to specific market events that we deem significant. These stress tests are designed to estimate the direct impact of the event on our credit and market exposures resulting from shocks to risk factors including, but not limited to, currency rates, interest rates, and equity prices. We also utilize these stress tests to estimate the indirect impact of certain hypothetical events on our country exposures, such as the impact of credit market deterioration on corporate borrowers and counterparties along with the shocks to the risk factors described above. The parameters of these shocks vary based on the scenario reflected in each stress test. We review estimated losses produced by the stress tests in order to understand their magnitude, highlight potential loss concentrations, and assess and mitigate our exposures where necessary.

See “Stress Tests” above, “Liquidity Risk Management — Liquidity Stress Tests” and “Market Risk Management — Market Risk Management Process — Stress Testing” for further information about stress tests.

145 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Operational Risk Management

Overview

Operational risk is the risk of an adverse outcome resulting from inadequate or failed internal processes, people, systems or from external events. Our exposure to operational risk arises from routine processing errors, as well as extraordinary incidents, such as major systems failures or legal and regulatory matters.

Potential types of loss events related to internal and external operational risk include:

• Clients, products and business practices;

• Execution, delivery and process management;

• Business disruption and system failures;

• Employment practices and workplace safety;

• Damage to physical assets;

• Internal fraud; and

• External fraud.

We maintain a comprehensive control framework designed to provide a well-controlled environment to minimize operational risks. The Firmwide Conduct and Operational Risk Committee is globally responsible for the ongoing approval and monitoring of the frameworks, policies, parameters and limits, which govern our operational risks. Operational Risk Management is a risk management function independent of our revenue-producing units, reports to our chief risk officer, and is responsible for developing and implementing policies, methodologies and a formalized framework for operational risk management with the goal of maintaining our exposure to operational risk at levels that are within our risk appetite.

Operational Risk Management Process

Managing operational risk requires timely and accurate information, as well as a strong control culture. We seek to manage our operational risk through:

• Training, supervision and development of our people;

• Active participation of senior management in identifying and mitigating our key operational risks;

• Independent control and support functions that monitor operational risk on a daily basis, and implementation of extensive policies and procedures, and controls designed to prevent the occurrence of operational risk events;

• Proactive communication between our revenue-producing units and our independent control and support functions; and

• A network of systems to facilitate the collection of data used to analyze and assess our operational risk exposure.

We combine top-down and bottom-up approaches to manage and measure operational risk. From a top-down perspective, our senior management assesses firmwide and business-level operational risk profiles. From a bottom-up perspective, revenue-producing units and independent control and support functions are responsible for risk identification and risk management on a day-to-day basis, including escalating operational risks to senior management.

Our operational risk management framework is in part designed to comply with the operational risk measurement rules under the Revised Capital Framework and has evolved based on the changing needs of our businesses and regulatory guidance.

Our operational risk management framework consists of the following practices:

• Risk identification and assessment;

• Risk measurement; and

• Risk monitoring and reporting.

Internal Audit performs an independent review of our operational risk management framework, including our key controls, processes and applications, on an annual basis to assess the effectiveness of our framework.

Risk Identification and Assessment

The core of our operational risk management framework is risk identification and assessment. We have a comprehensive data collection process, including firmwide policies and procedures, for operational risk events.

We have established policies that require our revenue-producing units and our independent control and support functions to report and escalate operational risk events. When operational risk events are identified, our policies require that the events be documented and analyzed to determine whether changes are required in our systems and/or processes to further mitigate the risk of future events.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 146

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

In addition, our systems capture internal operational risk event data, key metrics such as transaction volumes, and statistical information such as performance trends. We use an internally developed operational risk management application to aggregate and organize this information. One of our key risk identification and assessment tools is an operational risk and control self-assessment process, which is performed by managers from both revenue-producing units and independent control and support functions. This process consists of the identification and rating of operational risks, on a forward-looking basis, and the related controls. The results from this process are analyzed to evaluate operational risk exposures and identify businesses, activities or products with heightened levels of operational risk.

Risk Measurement

We measure our operational risk exposure over a twelve-month time horizon using both statistical modeling and scenario analyses, which involve qualitative assessments of the potential frequency and extent of potential operational risk losses, for each of our businesses. Operational risk measurement incorporates qualitative and quantitative assessments of factors including:

• Internal and external operational risk event data;

• Assessments of our internal controls;

• Evaluations of the complexity of our business activities;

• The degree of and potential for automation in our processes;

• New activity information;

• The legal and regulatory environment;

• Changes in the markets for our products and services, including the diversity and sophistication of our customers and counterparties; and

• Liquidity of the capital markets and the reliability of the infrastructure that supports the capital markets.

The results from these scenario analyses are used to monitor changes in operational risk and to determine business lines that may have heightened exposure to operational risk. These analyses ultimately are used in the determination of the appropriate level of operational risk capital to hold.

Risk Monitoring and Reporting

We evaluate changes in our operational risk profile and our businesses, including changes in business mix or jurisdictions in which we operate, by monitoring the factors noted above at a firmwide level. We have both preventive and detective internal controls, which are designed to reduce the frequency and severity of operational risk losses and the probability of operational risk events. We monitor the results of assessments and independent internal audits of these internal controls.

We also provide periodic operational risk reports to senior management, risk committees and the Board. In addition, we have established thresholds to monitor the impact of an operational risk event, including single loss events and cumulative losses over a twelve-month period, as well as escalation protocols. We also provide periodic operational risk reports, which include incidents that breach escalation thresholds, to senior management, risk committees and the Risk Committee of the Board.

Model Review and Validation

The statistical models utilized by Operational Risk Management are subject to independent review and validation by Model Risk Management. See “Model Risk Management” for further information about the review and validation of these models.

Model Risk Management

Overview

Model risk is the potential for adverse consequences from decisions made based on model outputs that may be incorrect or used inappropriately. We rely on quantitative models across our business activities primarily to value certain financial assets and financial liabilities, to monitor and manage our risk, and to measure and monitor our regulatory capital.

Our model risk management framework is managed through a governance structure and risk management controls, which encompass standards designed to ensure we maintain a comprehensive model inventory, including risk assessment and classification, sound model development practices, independent review and model-specific usage controls. The Firmwide Model Risk Control Committee oversees our model risk management framework. Model Risk Management, which is independent of model developers, model owners and model users, reports to our chief risk officer, is responsible for identifying and reporting significant risks associated with models, and provides periodic updates to senior management, risk committees and the Risk Committee of the Board.

147 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Model Review and Validation

Model Risk Management consists of quantitative professionals who perform an independent review, validation and approval of our models. This review includes an analysis of the model documentation, independent testing, an assessment of the appropriateness of the methodology used, and verification of compliance with model development and implementation standards. Model Risk Management reviews all existing models on an annual basis, as well as new models or significant changes to models.

The model validation process incorporates a review of models and trade and risk parameters across a broad range of scenarios (including extreme conditions) in order to critically evaluate and verify:

• The model’s conceptual soundness, including the reasonableness of model assumptions, and suitability for intended use;

• The testing strategy utilized by the model developers to ensure that the models function as intended;

• The suitability of the calculation techniques incorporated in the model;

• The model’s accuracy in reflecting the characteristics of the related product and its significant risks;

• The model’s consistency with models for similar products; and

• The model’s sensitivity to input parameters and assumptions.

See “Critical Accounting Policies — Fair Value — Review of Valuation Models,” “Liquidity Risk Management,” “Market Risk Management,” “Credit Risk Management” and “Operational Risk Management” for further information about our use of models within these areas.

Available Information

Our internet address is www.gs.com and the investor relations section of our website is located at www.gs.com/shareholders. We make available free of charge through the investor relations section of our website, annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act), as well as proxy statements, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Also posted on our website, and available in print upon request of any shareholder to our Investor Relations Department, are our certificate of incorporation and by-laws, charters for our Audit Committee, Risk Committee, Compensation Committee, Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee, and Public Responsibilities Committee, our Policy Regarding Director Independence Determinations, our Policy on Reporting of Concerns Regarding Accounting and Other Matters, our Corporate Governance Guidelines and our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics governing our directors, officers and employees. Within the time period required by the SEC, we will post on our website any amendment to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and any waiver applicable to any executive officer, director or senior financial officer.

In addition, our website includes information concerning:

• Purchases and sales of our equity securities by our executive officers and directors;

• Disclosure relating to certain non-GAAP financial measures (as defined in the SEC’s Regulation G) that we may make public orally, telephonically, by webcast, by broadcast or by other means from time to time;

• DFAST results;

• The public portion of our resolution plan submission; and

• Our risk management practices and regulatory capital ratios, as required under the disclosure-related provisions of the Revised Capital Framework, which are based on the third pillar of Basel III.

Our Investor Relations Department can be contacted at The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc., 200 West Street, 29th Floor, New York, New York 10282, Attn: Investor Relations, telephone: 212-902-0300, e-mail: gs-investor-relations@gs.com.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 148

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Management’s Discussion and Analysis

Cautionary Statement Pursuant to the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995

We have included or incorporated by reference in this Form 10-Q, and from time to time our management may make, statements that may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements are not historical facts, but instead represent only our beliefs regarding future events, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and outside our control. These statements include statements other than historical information or statements of current conditions and may relate to our future plans and objectives and results, among other things, and may also include statements about the effect of changes to the capital, leverage, liquidity, long-term debt and total loss-absorbing capacity rules applicable to banks and bank holding companies, the impact of the Dodd-Frank Act on our businesses and operations, and various legal proceedings, governmental investigations or mortgage-related contingencies as set forth in Notes 27 and 18, respectively, to the condensed consolidated financial statements, as well as statements about the results of our Dodd-Frank Act and firm stress tests, statements about the objectives and effectiveness of our business continuity plan, information security program, risk management and liquidity policies, statements about our resolution plan and resolution strategy and their implications for our debtholders and other stakeholders, statements about the design and effectiveness of our resolution capital and liquidity models and our triggers and alerts frameworks, statements about trends in or growth opportunities for our businesses, statements about our future status, activities or reporting under U.S. or non-U.S. banking and financial regulation, statements about our investment banking transaction backlog, statements about the possible effects of potential tax reform legislation, and statements about our average LCR. By identifying these statements for you in this manner, we are alerting you to the possibility that our actual results and financial condition may differ, possibly materially, from the anticipated results and financial condition indicated in these forward-looking statements. Important factors that could cause our actual results and financial condition to differ from those indicated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, those described below and in “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the 2016 Form 10-K.

Statements about our investment banking transaction backlog are subject to the risk that the terms of these transactions may be modified or that they may not be completed at all; therefore, the net revenues, if any, that we actually earn from these transactions may differ, possibly materially, from those currently expected. Important factors that could result in a modification of the terms of a transaction or a transaction not being completed include, in the case of underwriting transactions, a decline or continued weakness in general economic conditions, outbreak of hostilities, volatility in the securities markets generally or an adverse development with respect to the issuer of the securities and, in the case of financial advisory transactions, a decline in the securities markets, an inability to obtain adequate financing, an adverse development with respect to a party to the transaction or a failure to obtain a required regulatory approval. For information about other important factors that could adversely affect our investment banking transactions, see “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of the 2016 Form 10-K.

We have provided in this filing information regarding our capital, liquidity and leverage ratios, including the CET1 ratios under the Advanced and Standardized approaches on a fully phased-in basis, as well as our NSFR, and the supplementary leverage ratios for us and GS Bank USA. The statements with respect to these ratios are forward-looking statements, based on our current interpretation, expectations and understandings of the relevant regulatory rules, guidance and proposals, and reflect significant assumptions concerning the treatment of various assets and liabilities and the manner in which the ratios are calculated. As a result, the methods used to calculate these ratios may differ, possibly materially, from those used in calculating our and, where applicable, GS Bank USA’s capital, liquidity and leverage ratios for any future disclosures. The ultimate methods of calculating the ratios will depend on, among other things, implementation guidance or further rulemaking from the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies and the development of market practices and standards.

149 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

Item 3.    Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk are set forth in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Risk Management — Market Risk Management” in Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q.

Item 4.    Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was carried out by our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Exchange Act)). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. In addition, no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2017 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1.    Legal Proceedings

We are involved in a number of judicial, regulatory and arbitration proceedings concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of our businesses. Many of these proceedings are in early stages, and many of these cases seek an indeterminate amount of damages. However, we believe, based on currently available information, that the results of such proceedings, in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, but may be material to our operating results for any particular period, depending, in part, upon the operating results for such period. Given the range of litigation and investigations presently under way, our litigation expenses can be expected to remain high. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Use of Estimates” in Part I, Item 2 of this Form 10-Q. See Notes 18 and 27 to the condensed consolidated financial statements in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q for information about certain judicial, regulatory and legal proceedings.

Item 2.    Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The table below presents purchases made by or on behalf of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (Group Inc.) or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of our common stock during the three months ended September 30, 2017.

	Total Shares Purchased	Average Price Paid Per Share	Total Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Program	Maximum Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Program
July 2017	2,488,333	$224.20	2,488,333	61,351,054
August 2017	4,570,682	$225.54	4,570,682	56,780,372
September 2017	2,578,170	$225.25	2,578,170	54,202,202
Total	9,637,185		9,637,185

Since March 2000, the Board has approved a repurchase program authorizing repurchases of up to 555 million shares of our common stock. The repurchase program is effected primarily through regular open-market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1), the amounts and timing of which are determined primarily by our current and projected capital position, but which may also be influenced by general market conditions and the prevailing price and trading volumes of our common stock. The repurchase program has no set expiration or termination date. Prior to repurchasing common stock, we must receive confirmation that the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System does not object to such capital action.

Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q 150

Item 6.    Exhibits

Exhibits

3.1	Certificate of Designations of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. relating to the 5.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series P (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 1, 2017).
12.1	Statement re: Computation of Ratios of Earnings to Fixed Charges and Ratios of Earnings to Combined Fixed Charges and Preferred Stock Dividends.
15.1	Letter re: Unaudited Interim Financial Information.
31.1	Rule 13a-14(a) Certifications.
32.1	Section  1350 Certifications (This information is furnished and not filed for purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934).
101	Interactive data files pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T: (i) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and year ended December 31, 2016, (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, and (vi) the notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC.
By:	/s/	R. Martin Chavez
Name:		R. Martin Chavez
Title:		Chief Financial Officer
Date:		November 2, 2017
By:	/s/	Brian J. Lee
Name:		Brian J. Lee
Title:		Principal Accounting Officer
Date:		November 2, 2017

151 Goldman Sachs September 2017 Form 10-Q

EX-12.1

EXHIBIT 12.1

THE GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

COMPUTATION OF RATIOS OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES AND RATIOS OF EARNINGS

TO COMBINED FIXED CHARGES AND PREFERRED STOCK DIVIDENDS

	Nine Months Ended September		Year Ended December
$ in millions		2017		2016	2015	2014	2013	2012
Net earnings		$  6,214		$  7,398	$  6,083	$  8,477	$  8,040	$  7,475
Add:
Provision for taxes		1,810		2,906	2,695	3,880	3,697	3,732
Portion of rents representative of an interest factor		69		81	83	103	108	125
Interest expense on all indebtedness		7,343		7,104	5,388	5,557	6,668	7,501
Pre-tax earnings, as adjusted		$15,436		$17,489	$14,249	$18,017	$18,513	$18,833
Fixed charges 1:
Portion of rents representative of an interest factor		$       69		$       81	$       83	$     103	$     108	$     125
Interest expense on all indebtedness		7,370		7,127	5,403	5,569	6,672	7,509
Total fixed charges		$  7,439		$  7,208	$  5,486	$  5,672	$  6,780	$  7,634
Preferred stock dividend requirements		499		804	743	583	458	274
Total combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends		$  7,938		$  8,012	$  6,229	$  6,255	$  7,238	$  7,908
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges		2.08x		2.43x	2.60x	3.18x	2.73x	2.47x
Ratio of earnings to combined fixed charges and preferred stock dividends		1.94x		2.18x	2.29x	2.88x	2.56x	2.38x

1. Fixed charges include capitalized interest of $27 million for the nine months ended September 2017, $23 million for 2016, $15 million for 2015, $12 million for 2014, $4 million for 2013 and $8 million for 2012.

EX-15.1

EXHIBIT 15.1

November 2, 2017

Securities and Exchange Commission

100 F Street N.E.

Washington, D.C. 20549

Re: The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

Registration Statements on Form S-8

(No. 333-80839)

(No. 333-42068)

(No. 333-106430)

(No. 333-120802)

Registration Statements on Form S-3

(No. 333-219206)

Commissioners:

We are aware that our report dated November 2, 2017, on our review of the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2017, the related condensed consolidated statements of earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, the condensed consolidated statement of changes in shareholders’ equity for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, and the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 included in the Company’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, is incorporated by reference in the registration statements referred to above. Pursuant to Rule 436(c) under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Act”), such report should not be considered a part of such registration statements, and is not a report within the meaning of Sections 7 and 11 of the Act.

Very truly yours,

/s/ PRICEWATERHOUSECOOPERS LLP

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATIONS

I, Lloyd C. Blankfein, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2017	/s/	Lloyd C. Blankfein
	Name:	Lloyd C. Blankfein
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer

CERTIFICATIONS

I, R. Martin Chavez, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: November 2, 2017

/s/	R. Martin Chavez
Name:	R. Martin Chavez
Title:	Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, the undersigned officer of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby certifies that the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: November 2, 2017	/s/	Lloyd C. Blankfein
	Name:	Lloyd C. Blankfein
	Title:	Chief Executive Officer

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.

CERTIFICATION

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, the undersigned officer of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby certifies that the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Dated: November 2, 2017

/s/	R. Martin Chavez
Name:	R. Martin Chavez
Title:	Chief Financial Officer

The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and is not being filed as part of the Report or as a separate disclosure document.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Oct. 20, 2017
Document And Entity Information [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Period End Date	Sep. 30, 2017
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2017
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Trading Symbol	GS
Entity Registrant Name	GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INC
Entity Central Index Key	0000886982
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		377,201,479

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings (Unaudited) - USD ($) shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Revenues
Investment banking	$ 1,797	$ 1,537	$ 5,230	$ 4,787
Investment management	1,419	1,386	4,249	3,908
Commissions and fees	714	753	2,279	2,447
Market making	2,112	2,715	6,445	7,067
Other principal transactions	1,554	1,163	4,002	1,978
Total non-interest revenues	7,596	7,554	22,205	20,187
Interest income	3,411	2,389	9,377	7,267
Interest expense	2,681	1,775	7,343	5,016
Net interest income	730	614	2,034	2,251
Net revenues, including net interest income	8,326	8,168	24,239	22,438
Operating expenses
Compensation and benefits	3,172	3,207	9,696	9,200
Brokerage, clearing, exchange and distribution fees	625	613	1,903	1,929
Market development	138	92	413	326
Communications and technology	220	207	667	609
Depreciation and amortization	280	247	802	731
Occupancy	177	245	543	609
Professional fees	227	222	661	673
Other expenses	511	467	1,530	1,454
Total non-compensation expenses	2,178	2,093	6,519	6,331
Total operating expenses	5,350	5,300	16,215	15,531
Pre-tax earnings	2,976	2,868	8,024	6,907
Provision for taxes	848	774	1,810	1,856
Net earnings	2,128	2,094	6,214	5,051
Preferred stock dividends	93	(6)	386	117
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders	$ 2,035	$ 2,100	$ 5,828	$ 4,934
Earnings per common share
Basic	$ 5.09	$ 4.96	$ 14.32	$ 11.40
Diluted	5.02	4.88	14.11	11.24
Dividends declared per common share	$ 0.75	$ 0.65	$ 2.15	$ 1.95
Average common shares
Basic	398.2	422.4	405.6	431.5
Diluted	405.7	430.2	413.0	438.8

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net earnings	$ 2,128	$ 2,094	$ 6,214	$ 5,051
Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax:
Currency translation	6	(19)	19	(58)
Debt valuation adjustment	(104)	(13)	(518)	(75)
Pension and postretirement liabilities	1	1	2	(36)
Available-for-sale securities	(4)		(3)
Other comprehensive loss	(101)	(31)	(500)	(169)
Comprehensive income	$ 2,027	$ 2,063	$ 5,714	$ 4,882

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 116,610	$ 121,711
Collateralized agreements:
Securities purchased under agreements to resell (includes $112,108 and $116,077 at fair value)	112,532	116,925
Securities borrowed (includes $74,121 and $82,398 at fair value)	188,394	184,600
Receivables:
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations	28,448	18,044
Customers and counterparties (includes $3,519 and $3,266 at fair value)	59,695	47,780
Loans receivable	61,486	49,672
Financial instruments owned (at fair value and includes $54,266 and $51,278 pledged as collateral)	333,474	295,952
Other assets	29,493	25,481
Total assets	930,132	860,165
Liabilities and shareholders' equity
Deposits (includes $23,752 and $13,782 at fair value)	132,761	124,098
Collateralized financings:
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase (at fair value)	86,424	71,816
Securities loaned (includes $5,038 and $2,647 at fair value)	13,160	7,524
Other secured financings (includes $22,303 and $21,073 at fair value)	22,739	21,523
Payables:
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations	9,502	4,386
Customers and counterparties	193,484	184,069
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased (at fair value)	114,713	117,143
Unsecured short-term borrowings (includes $17,755 and $14,792 at fair value)	45,357	39,265
Unsecured long-term borrowings (includes $35,961 and $29,410 at fair value)	211,852	189,086
Other liabilities and accrued expenses (includes $261 and $621 at fair value)	13,848	14,362
Total liabilities	843,840	773,272
Commitments, contingencies and guarantees
Shareholders' equity
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value; aggregate liquidation preference of $11,203 and $11,203	11,203	11,203
Common stock, $0.01 par value; 882,339,255 and 873,608,100 shares issued, and 379,098,583 and 392,632,230 shares outstanding	9	9
Share-based awards	3,355	3,914
Nonvoting common stock, $0.01 par value; no shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Additional paid-in capital	53,294	52,638
Retained earnings	93,958	89,039
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,716)	(1,216)
Stock held in treasury, at cost, $0.01 par value; 503,240,674 and 480,975,872 shares	(73,811)	(68,694)
Total shareholders' equity	86,292	86,893
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 930,132	$ 860,165

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Securities purchased under agreements to resell and federal funds sold at fair value	$ 112,108	$ 116,077
Securities borrowed at fair value	74,121	82,398
Receivables from customers and counterparties at fair value	3,519	3,266
Financial instruments owned, at fair value pledged as collateral	54,266	51,278
Deposits at fair value	23,752	13,782
Securities loaned at fair value	5,038	2,647
Other secured financings at fair value	22,303	21,073
Unsecured short-term borrowings, including the current portion of unsecured long-term borrowings, at fair value	17,755	14,792
Unsecured long-term borrowings at fair value	35,961	29,410
Other liabilities and accrued expenses at fair value	$ 261	$ 621
Preferred stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, liquidation preference	$ 11,203	$ 11,203
Common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares issued	882,339,255	873,608,100
Common stock, shares outstanding	379,098,583	392,632,230
Nonvoting common stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Treasury stock, par value	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Treasury stock, shares	503,240,674	480,975,872

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Total	Preferred Stock [Member]	Common Stock [Member]	Share-Based Awards [Member]	Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]	Stock Held in Treasury, at Cost [Member]
Cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle related to debt valuation adjustment, net of tax | Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member]						$ (305)	$ 305
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2015		$ 11,200	$ 9	$ 4,151	$ 51,340	83,386	(718)	$ (62,640)
Beginning balance (Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member]) at Dec. 31, 2015						83,081	(413)
Issuance and amortization of share-based awards				2,143
Net earnings						7,398
Repurchased								(6,069)
Issued		1,325
Other comprehensive loss							(803)
Delivery of common stock underlying share-based awards				(2,068)	2,282
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock and share-based awards						(1,129)
Reissued								22
Redeemed		(1,322)
Cancellation of share-based awards in satisfaction of withholding tax requirements					(1,121)
Forfeiture of share-based awards				(102)
Dividends declared on preferred stock						(577)
Other								(7)
Preferred stock issuance costs, net					(10)
Exercise of share-based awards				(210)
Preferred stock redemption discount						266
Excess net tax benefit related to share-based awards					147
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2016	$ 86,893	11,203	9	3,914	52,638	89,039	(1,216)	(68,694)
Ending balance (Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 [Member]) at Dec. 31, 2016				3,949		89,015
Cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle related to forfeiture of share-based awards | Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 [Member]				35
Cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle related to forfeiture of share-based awards, net of tax | Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 [Member]						(24)
Issuance and amortization of share-based awards				1,631
Net earnings	6,214					6,214
Repurchased	(5,135)							(5,135)
Other comprehensive loss	(500)						(500)
Delivery of common stock underlying share-based awards				(2,041)	2,215
Dividends and dividend equivalents declared on common stock and share-based awards						(885)
Reissued								28
Cancellation of share-based awards in satisfaction of withholding tax requirements					(1,556)
Forfeiture of share-based awards				(54)
Dividends declared on preferred stock	(386)					(386)
Other								(10)
Exercise of share-based awards				(130)
Cash settlement of share-based awards					(3)
Ending balance at Sep. 30, 2017	$ 86,292	$ 11,203	$ 9	$ 3,355	$ 53,294	$ 93,958	$ (1,716)	$ (73,811)

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Cash flows from operating activities
Net earnings	$ 6,214	$ 5,051
Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by/(used for) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	802	731
Share-based compensation	1,610	1,943
Gain related to extinguishment of subordinated borrowings	(108)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Receivables and payables (excluding loans receivable), net	(8,648)	(13,524)
Collateralized transactions (excluding other secured financings), net	20,842	4,864
Financial instruments owned	(35,004)	5,762
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(2,430)	(29)
Other, net	5,603	(1,833)
Net cash provided by/(used for) operating activities	(11,119)	2,965
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of property, leasehold improvements and equipment	(2,210)	(2,063)
Proceeds from sales of property, leasehold improvements and equipment	436	332
Net cash acquired in/(used for) business acquisitions	(1,848)	15,754
Purchase of investments	(3,271)
Proceeds from sales and paydowns of investments	1,275	1,209
Loans receivable, net	(12,468)	(3,930)
Net cash provided by/(used for) investing activities	(18,086)	11,302
Cash flows from financing activities
Unsecured short-term borrowings, net	907	140
Other secured financings (short-term), net	(1,757)	395
Proceeds from issuance of other secured financings (long-term)	6,518	2,377
Repayment of other secured financings (long-term), including the current portion	(3,605)	(6,486)
Purchase of APEX, senior guaranteed securities and trust preferred securities	(62)	(1,171)
Proceeds from issuance of unsecured long-term borrowings	44,831	39,134
Repayment of unsecured long-term borrowings, including the current portion	(25,107)	(29,198)
Derivative contracts with a financing element, net	1,684	81
Deposits, net	8,664	10,510
Common stock repurchased	(5,143)	(4,590)
Settlement of share-based awards in satisfaction of withholding tax requirements	(1,559)	(961)
Dividends and dividend equivalents paid on common stock, preferred stock and share-based awards	(1,271)	(1,238)
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock, net of issuance costs		1,303
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, including exercise of share-based awards	7	1
Cash settlement of share-based awards	(3)
Net cash provided by financing activities	24,104	10,297
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	(5,101)	24,564
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning balance	121,711	93,439
Cash and cash equivalents, ending balance	$ 116,610	$ 118,003

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:
Cash payments for interest, net of capitalized interest	$ 12,110	$ 5,400
Cash payments for income taxes, net of refunds	671	767
Non-cash activities:
Trust Preferred Securities and common beneficial interests exchanged with the firm's junior subordinated debt	62
Firm's Junior subordinated debt exchanged for Trust Preferred Securities and common beneficial interests	$ 67
Impact of adoption of accounting standard ASU No. 2015-02		200
Sold assets previously classified as held for sale exchanged for financial instruments		1,810
Sold liabilities previously classified as held for sale exchanged for financial instruments		697
Financial instruments received in exchange for sold assets and liabilities previously classified as held for sale		1,110
APEX exchanged, fair value		1,040
Series E and Series F Preferred Stock cancelled, net carrying value		$ 1,310

XML

Description of Business

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Description of Business

Note 1.

Description of Business

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (Group Inc. or parent company), a Delaware corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the firm), is a leading global investment banking, securities and investment management firm that provides a wide range of financial services to a substantial and diversified client base that includes corporations, financial institutions, governments and individuals. Founded in 1869, the firm is headquartered in New York and maintains offices in all major financial centers around the world.

The firm reports its activities in the following four business segments:

Investment Banking

The firm provides a broad range of investment banking services to a diverse group of corporations, financial institutions, investment funds and governments. Services include strategic advisory assignments with respect to mergers and acquisitions, divestitures, corporate defense activities, restructurings, spin-offs and risk management, and debt and equity underwriting of public offerings and private placements, including local and cross-border transactions and acquisition financing, as well as derivative transactions directly related to these activities.

Institutional Client Services

The firm facilitates client transactions and makes markets in fixed income, equity, currency and commodity products, primarily with institutional clients such as corporations, financial institutions, investment funds and governments. The firm also makes markets in and clears client transactions on major stock, options and futures exchanges worldwide and provides financing, securities lending and other prime brokerage services to institutional clients.

Investing & Lending

The firm invests in and originates loans to provide financing to clients. These investments and loans are typically longer-term in nature. The firm makes investments, some of which are consolidated, directly and indirectly through funds that the firm manages, in debt securities and loans, public and private equity securities, infrastructure and real estate entities. The firm also makes unsecured loans to individuals through its online platform.

Investment Management

The firm provides investment management services and offers investment products (primarily through separately managed accounts and commingled vehicles, such as mutual funds and private investment funds) across all major asset classes to a diverse set of institutional and individual clients. The firm also offers wealth advisory services, including portfolio management and financial counseling, and brokerage and other transaction services to high-net-worth individuals and families.

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Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Note 2.

Basis of Presentation

These condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) and include the accounts of Group Inc. and all other entities in which the firm has a controlling financial interest. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

These condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements included in the firm’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. References to “the 2016 Form 10-K” are to the firm’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016. The condensed consolidated financial information as of December 31, 2016 has been derived from audited consolidated financial statements not included in these financial statements.

These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair statement of the results for the interim periods presented. These adjustments are of a normal, recurring nature. Interim period operating results may not be indicative of the operating results for a full year.

All references to September 2017, June 2017 and September 2016 refer to the firm’s periods ended, or the dates, as the context requires, September 30, 2017, June 30, 2017 and September 30, 2016, respectively. All references to December 2016 refer to the date December 31, 2016. Any reference to a future year refers to a year ending on December 31 of that year. Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported amounts to conform to the current presentation.

XML

Significant Accounting Policies

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Accounting Policies

Note 3.

Significant Accounting Policies

The firm’s significant accounting policies include when and how to measure the fair value of assets and liabilities, accounting for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, and when to consolidate an entity. See Notes 5 through 8 for policies on fair value measurements, Note 13 for policies on goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, and below and Note 12 for policies on consolidation accounting. All other significant accounting policies are either described below or included in the following footnotes:

Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased	Note 4
Fair Value Measurements	Note 5
Cash Instruments	Note 6
Derivatives and Hedging Activities	Note 7
Fair Value Option	Note 8
Loans Receivable	Note 9
Collateralized Agreements and Financings	Note 10
Securitization Activities	Note 11
Variable Interest Entities	Note 12
Other Assets	Note 13
Deposits	Note 14
Short-Term Borrowings	Note 15
Long-Term Borrowings	Note 16
Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses	Note 17
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees	Note 18
Shareholders’ Equity	Note 19
Regulation and Capital Adequacy	Note 20
Earnings Per Common Share	Note 21
Transactions with Affiliated Funds	Note 22
Interest Income and Interest Expense	Note 23
Income Taxes	Note 24
Business Segments	Note 25
Credit Concentrations	Note 26
Legal Proceedings	Note 27

Consolidation

The firm consolidates entities in which the firm has a controlling financial interest. The firm determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity or a variable interest entity (VIE).

Voting Interest Entities. Voting interest entities are entities in which (i) the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable the entity to finance its activities independently and (ii) the equity holders have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact its economic performance, the obligation to absorb the losses of the entity and the right to receive the residual returns of the entity. The usual condition for a controlling financial interest in a voting interest entity is ownership of a majority voting interest. If the firm has a controlling majority voting interest in a voting interest entity, the entity is consolidated.

Variable Interest Entities. A VIE is an entity that lacks one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. The firm has a controlling financial interest in a VIE when the firm has a variable interest or interests that provide it with (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. See Note 12 for further information about VIEs.

Equity-Method Investments. When the firm does not have a controlling financial interest in an entity but can exert significant influence over the entity’s operating and financial policies, the investment is accounted for either (i) under the equity method of accounting or (ii) at fair value by electing the fair value option available under U.S. GAAP. Significant influence generally exists when the firm owns 20% to 50% of the entity’s common stock or in-substance common stock.

In general, the firm accounts for investments acquired after the fair value option became available, at fair value. In certain cases, the firm applies the equity method of accounting to new investments that are strategic in nature or closely related to the firm’s principal business activities, when the firm has a significant degree of involvement in the cash flows or operations of the investee or when cost-benefit considerations are less significant. See Note 13 for further information about equity-method investments.

Investment Funds. The firm has formed numerous investment funds with third-party investors. These funds are typically organized as limited partnerships or limited liability companies for which the firm acts as general partner or manager. Generally, the firm does not hold a majority of the economic interests in these funds. These funds are usually voting interest entities and generally are not consolidated because third-party investors typically have rights to terminate the funds or to remove the firm as general partner or manager. Investments in these funds are generally measured at net asset value (NAV) and are included in “Financial instruments owned.” See Notes 6, 18 and 22 for further information about investments in funds.

Use of Estimates

Preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions, the most important of which relate to fair value measurements, accounting for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, discretionary compensation accruals, the provisions for losses that may arise from litigation, regulatory proceedings (including governmental investigations) and tax audits, and the allowance for losses on loans receivable and lending commitments held for investment. These estimates and assumptions are based on the best available information but actual results could be materially different.

Revenue Recognition

Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities at Fair Value. Financial instruments owned and Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased are recorded at fair value either under the fair value option or in accordance with other U.S. GAAP. In addition, the firm has elected to account for certain of its other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value by electing the fair value option. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial assets are marked to bid prices and financial liabilities are marked to offer prices. Fair value measurements do not include transaction costs. Fair value gains or losses are generally included in “Market making” for positions in Institutional Client Services and “Other principal transactions” for positions in Investing & Lending. See Notes 5 through 8 for further information about fair value measurements.

Investment Banking. Fees from financial advisory assignments and underwriting revenues are recognized in earnings when the services related to the underlying transaction are completed under the terms of the assignment. Expenses associated with such transactions are deferred until the related revenue is recognized or the assignment is otherwise concluded. Expenses associated with financial advisory assignments are recorded as non-compensation expenses, net of client reimbursements. Underwriting revenues are presented net of related expenses.

Investment Management. The firm earns management fees and incentive fees for investment management services. Management fees for mutual funds are calculated as a percentage of daily net asset value and are received monthly. Management fees for hedge funds and separately managed accounts are calculated as a percentage of month-end net asset value and are generally received quarterly. Management fees for private equity funds are calculated as a percentage of monthly invested capital or commitments and are received quarterly, semi-annually or annually, depending on the fund. All management fees are recognized over the period that the related service is provided. Incentive fees are calculated as a percentage of a fund’s or separately managed account’s return, or excess return above a specified benchmark or other performance target. Incentive fees are generally based on investment performance over a 12-month period or over the life of a fund. Fees that are based on performance over a 12-month period are subject to adjustment prior to the end of the measurement period. For fees that are based on investment performance over the life of the fund, future investment underperformance may require fees previously distributed to the firm to be returned to the fund. Incentive fees are recognized only when all material contingencies have been resolved. Management and incentive fee revenues are included in “Investment management” revenues.

The firm makes payments to brokers and advisors related to the placement of the firm’s investment funds. These payments are calculated based on either a percentage of the management fee or the investment fund’s net asset value. Where the firm is principal to the arrangement, such costs are recorded on a gross basis and included in “Brokerage, clearing, exchange and distribution fees,” and where the firm is agent to the arrangement, such costs are recorded on a net basis in “Investment management” revenues.

Commissions and Fees. The firm earns “Commissions and fees” from executing and clearing client transactions on stock, options and futures markets, as well as over-the-counter (OTC) transactions. Commissions and fees are recognized on the day the trade is executed.

Transfers of Financial Assets

Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when the firm has relinquished control over the assets transferred. For transfers of financial assets accounted for as sales, any gains or losses are recognized in net revenues. Assets or liabilities that arise from the firm’s continuing involvement with transferred financial assets are initially recognized at fair value. For transfers of financial assets that are not accounted for as sales, the assets generally remain in “Financial instruments owned” and the transfer is accounted for as a collateralized financing, with the related interest expense recognized over the life of the transaction. See Note 10 for further information about transfers of financial assets accounted for as collateralized financings and Note 11 for further information about transfers of financial assets accounted for as sales.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The firm defines cash equivalents as highly liquid overnight deposits held in the ordinary course of business. As of September 2017 and December 2016, “Cash and cash equivalents” included $11.66 billion and $11.15 billion, respectively, of cash and due from banks, and $104.95 billion and $110.56 billion, respectively, of interest-bearing deposits with banks. The firm segregates cash for regulatory and other purposes related to client activity. As of September 2017 and December 2016, $17.42 billion and $14.65 billion, respectively, of “Cash and cash equivalents” were segregated for regulatory and other purposes. See “Recent Accounting Developments” for further information. In addition, the firm segregates securities for regulatory and other purposes related to client activity. See Note 10 for further information about segregated securities.

Receivables from and Payables to Brokers, Dealers and Clearing Organizations

Receivables from and payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations are accounted for at cost plus accrued interest, which generally approximates fair value. While these receivables and payables are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these receivables and payables been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Receivables from Customers and Counterparties

Receivables from customers and counterparties generally relate to collateralized transactions. Such receivables primarily consist of customer margin loans, certain transfers of assets accounted for as secured loans rather than purchases at fair value and collateral posted in connection with certain derivative transactions. Substantially all of these receivables are accounted for at amortized cost net of estimated uncollectible amounts. Certain of the firm’s receivables from customers and counterparties are accounted for at fair value under the fair value option, with changes in fair value generally included in “Market making” revenues. See Note 8 for further information about receivables from customers and counterparties accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. In addition, as of September 2017 and December 2016, the firm’s receivables from customers and counterparties included $3.28 billion and $2.60 billion, respectively, of loans held for sale, accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. See Note 5 for an overview of the firm’s fair value measurement policies.

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the carrying value of receivables not accounted for at fair value generally approximated fair value. While these receivables are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these receivables been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016. Interest on receivables from customers and counterparties is recognized over the life of the transaction and included in “Interest income.”

Payables to Customers and Counterparties

Payables to customers and counterparties primarily consist of customer credit balances related to the firm’s prime brokerage activities. Payables to customers and counterparties are accounted for at cost plus accrued interest, which generally approximates fair value. While these payables are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these payables been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016. Interest on payables to customers and counterparties is recognized over the life of the transaction and included in “Interest expense.”

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

To reduce credit exposures on derivatives and securities financing transactions, the firm may enter into master netting agreements or similar arrangements (collectively, netting agreements) with counterparties that permit it to offset receivables and payables with such counterparties. A netting agreement is a contract with a counterparty that permits net settlement of multiple transactions with that counterparty, including upon the exercise of termination rights by a non-defaulting party. Upon exercise of such termination rights, all transactions governed by the netting agreement are terminated and a net settlement amount is calculated. In addition, the firm receives and posts cash and securities collateral with respect to its derivatives and securities financing transactions, subject to the terms of the related credit support agreements or similar arrangements (collectively, credit support agreements). An enforceable credit support agreement grants the non-defaulting party exercising termination rights the right to liquidate the collateral and apply the proceeds to any amounts owed. In order to assess enforceability of the firm’s right of setoff under netting and credit support agreements, the firm evaluates various factors including applicable bankruptcy laws, local statutes and regulatory provisions in the jurisdiction of the parties to the agreement.

Derivatives are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis (i.e., the net payable or receivable for derivative assets and liabilities for a given counterparty) in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition when a legal right of setoff exists under an enforceable netting agreement. Resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions with the same term and currency are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition when such transactions meet certain settlement criteria and are subject to netting agreements.

In the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, derivatives are reported net of cash collateral received and posted under enforceable credit support agreements, when transacted under an enforceable netting agreement. In the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, resale and repurchase agreements, and securities borrowed and loaned, are not reported net of the related cash and securities received or posted as collateral. See Note 10 for further information about collateral received and pledged, including rights to deliver or repledge collateral. See Notes 7 and 10 for further information about offsetting.

Share-based Compensation

The cost of employee services received in exchange for a share-based award is generally measured based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Share-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards, including awards granted to retirement-eligible employees) are expensed immediately. Share-based awards that require future service are amortized over the relevant service period. Effective January 2017, forfeitures are recorded when they occur. Prior to January 2017, expected forfeitures were estimated and recorded over the vesting period. See “Recent Accounting Developments — Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (ASC 718)” for further information.

Cash dividend equivalents paid on outstanding restricted stock units (RSUs) are charged to retained earnings. If RSUs that require future service are forfeited, the related dividend equivalents originally charged to retained earnings are reclassified to compensation expense in the period in which forfeiture occurs.

The firm generally issues new shares of common stock upon delivery of share-based awards. In certain cases, primarily related to conflicted employment (as outlined in the applicable award agreements), the firm may cash settle share-based compensation awards accounted for as equity instruments. For these awards, whose terms allow for cash settlement, additional paid-in capital is adjusted to the extent of the difference between the value of the award at the time of cash settlement and the grant-date value of the award.

Foreign Currency Translation

Assets and liabilities denominated in non-U.S. currencies are translated at rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange for the period. Foreign currency remeasurement gains or losses on transactions in nonfunctional currencies are recognized in earnings. Gains or losses on translation of the financial statements of a non-U.S. operation, when the functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar, are included, net of hedges and taxes, in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Recent Accounting Developments

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606). In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” This ASU, as amended, provides comprehensive guidance on the recognition of revenue from customers arising from the transfer of goods and services, guidance on accounting for certain contract costs, and new disclosures.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a modified retrospective approach or retrospectively to all periods presented. The firm’s implementation efforts have included identifying revenues and costs within the scope of the ASU, reviewing contracts, and analyzing any changes to its existing revenue recognition policies. As a result of adopting this ASU, the firm will, among other things, recognize certain investment management fees earlier than under the firm’s current revenue recognition policy. The firm will also change the current presentation of certain costs from a net presentation within net revenues to a gross basis, and vice versa. The firm will adopt this ASU in January 2018 using a modified retrospective approach. The firm does not currently expect that the ASU will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows on the date of adoption.

Measuring the Financial Assets and the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity (ASC 810). In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-13, “Consolidation (Topic 810) — Measuring the Financial Assets and the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity (CFE).” This ASU provides an alternative to reflect changes in the fair value of the financial assets and the financial liabilities of the CFE by measuring either the fair value of the assets or liabilities, whichever is more observable, and provides new disclosure requirements for those electing this approach.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2016. Adoption of the ASU did not materially affect the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis (ASC 810). In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, “Consolidation (Topic 810) — Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis.” This ASU eliminates the deferral of the requirements of ASU No. 2009-17, “Consolidations (Topic 810) — Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable Interest Entities” for certain interests in investment funds and provides a scope exception for certain investments in money market funds. It also makes several modifications to the consolidation guidance for VIEs and general partners’ investments in limited partnerships, as well as modifications to the evaluation of whether limited partnerships are VIEs or voting interest entities.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2016, using a modified retrospective approach. The impact of adoption was a net reduction to both total assets and total liabilities of approximately $200 million, substantially all included in “Financial instruments owned” and in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses,” respectively. Adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on the firm’s results of operations. See Note 12 for further information about the adoption.

Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments (ASC 805). In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) — Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments.” This ASU eliminates the requirement for an acquirer in a business combination to account for measurement-period adjustments retrospectively.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2016. Adoption of the ASU did not materially affect the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (ASC 825). In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments (Topic 825) — Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” This ASU amends certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. It includes a requirement to present separately in other comprehensive income changes in fair value attributable to a firm’s own credit spreads (debt valuation adjustment or DVA), net of tax, on financial liabilities for which the fair value option was elected.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018. Early adoption is permitted under a modified retrospective approach for the requirements related to DVA. In January 2016, the firm early adopted this ASU for the requirements related to DVA and reclassified the cumulative DVA, a gain of $305 million (net of tax), from “Retained earnings” to “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” The firm does not expect the adoption of the remaining provisions of the ASU to have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Leases (ASC 842). In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” This ASU requires that, for leases longer than one year, a lessee recognize in the statements of financial condition a right-of-use asset, representing the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term, and a lease liability, representing the liability to make lease payments. It also requires that for finance leases, a lessee recognize interest expense on the lease liability, separately from the amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statements of earnings, while for operating leases, such amounts should be recognized as a combined expense. In addition, this ASU requires expanded disclosures about the nature and terms of lease agreements.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2019 under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The firm’s implementation efforts include reviewing existing leases and service contracts, which may include embedded leases. The firm expects a gross up on its consolidated statements of financial condition upon recognition of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities and does not expect the amount of the gross up to have a material impact on its financial condition.

Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (ASC 718). In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718) — Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” This ASU includes a requirement that the tax effect related to the settlement of share-based awards be recorded in income tax benefit or expense in the statements of earnings rather than directly to additional paid-in capital. This change has no impact on total shareholders’ equity and is required to be adopted prospectively. The ASU also allows for forfeitures to be recorded when they occur rather than estimated over the vesting period. This change is required to be applied on a modified retrospective basis.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2017 and the impact of the RSU deliveries and option exercises during the nine months ended September 2017 was a reduction to the provision for taxes of $496 million, which was recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. The impact will vary in future periods depending upon, among other things, the number of RSUs delivered and their change in value since grant. Prior to the adoption of this ASU, this amount would have been recorded directly to additional paid-in capital. The firm also elected to account for forfeitures as they occur, rather than to estimate forfeitures over the vesting period, and the cumulative effect of this election upon adoption was an increase of $35 million to “Share-based awards” and a decrease of $24 million (net of tax of $11 million) to “Retained earnings” within the condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity.

In addition, the ASU modifies the classification of certain share-based payment activities within the statements of cash flows. As a result, the firm reclassified, on a retrospective basis, a cash outflow of $961 million related to the settlement of share-based awards in satisfaction of withholding tax requirements from operating activities to financing activities and a cash inflow of $97 million of excess tax benefits related to share-based awards from financing activities to operating activities within the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 2016.

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC 326). In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326) — Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU amends several aspects of the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments, including replacing the existing incurred credit loss model and other models with the Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL) model and amending certain aspects of accounting for purchased financial assets with deterioration in credit quality since origination.

Under CECL, the allowance for losses for financial assets that are measured at amortized cost reflects management’s estimate of credit losses over the remaining expected life of the financial assets. Expected credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as changes to expected credit losses during the period, would be recognized in earnings. For certain purchased financial assets with deterioration in credit quality since origination, an initial allowance would be recorded for expected credit losses and recognized as an increase to the purchase price rather than as an expense. Expected credit losses, including losses on off-balance-sheet exposures such as lending commitments, will be measured based on historical experience, current conditions and forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2020 under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted in January 2019. Adoption of the ASU will result in earlier recognition of credit losses and an increase in the recorded allowance for certain purchased loans with deterioration in credit quality since origination with a corresponding increase to their gross carrying value. The impact of adoption of this ASU on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will depend on, among other things, the economic environment and the type of financial assets held by the firm on the date of adoption.

Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (ASC 230). In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) — Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” This ASU provides guidance on the disclosure and classification of certain items within the statements of cash flows.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a retrospective approach. Since the ASU only impacts classification in the statements of cash flows, adoption will not affect the firm’s cash and cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash (ASC 230). In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) — Restricted Cash.” This ASU requires that cash segregated for regulatory and other purposes be included in cash and cash equivalents disclosed in the statements of cash flows and is required to be applied retrospectively.

The firm early adopted the ASU in December 2016 and reclassified cash segregated for regulatory and other purposes into “Cash and cash equivalents” disclosed in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The impact of adoption was an increase of $134 million for the nine months ended September 2016 to “Net cash provided by operating activities.” In addition, in December 2016, to be consistent with the presentation of segregated cash in the consolidated statements of cash flows under the ASU, the firm reclassified amounts previously included in “Cash and securities segregated for regulatory and other purposes” into “Cash and cash equivalents,” “Securities purchased under agreements to resell,” “Securities borrowed” and “Financial instruments owned” in the consolidated statements of financial condition. Previously reported amounts in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements have been conformed to the current presentation.

Clarifying the Definition of a Business (ASC 805). In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) — Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” The ASU amends the definition of a business and provides a threshold which must be considered to determine whether a transaction is an acquisition (or disposal) of an asset or a business.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a prospective approach. The impact of this ASU will depend on the nature of the firm’s activities after adoption, although the firm expects that fewer transactions will be treated as acquisitions (or disposals) of businesses.

Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASC 350). In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) — Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” The ASU simplifies the quantitative goodwill impairment test by eliminating the second step of the test. Under this ASU, impairment will be measured by comparing the estimated fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value.

The ASU is effective for the firm in 2020. The firm early adopted this ASU in the fourth quarter of 2017. The firm does not expect that adoption will have a material impact on the results of its goodwill impairment test.

Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets (ASC 610-20). In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, “Other Income — Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20) — Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets.” The ASU clarifies the scope of guidance applicable to sales of nonfinancial assets and also provides guidance on accounting for partial sales of such assets.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a retrospective or modified retrospective approach. The firm will adopt this ASU using a modified retrospective approach and does not expect adoption of the ASU will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (ASC 815). In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) — Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” The ASU amends certain of the rules for hedging relationships and expands the types of strategies that are eligible for hedge accounting treatment to more closely align the results of hedge accounting with risk management activities.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2019 under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The firm expects to early adopt the ASU in the first quarter of 2018. The firm does not currently expect that adoption of the ASU will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

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Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased

Note 4.

Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased

Financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased are accounted for at fair value either under the fair value option or in accordance with other U.S. GAAP. See Note 8 for information about other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value.

The table below presents the firm’s financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.

$ in millions	Financial Instruments Owned	Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased
As of September 2017
Money market instruments	$    2,739	$           –
U.S. government and agency obligations	74,392	19,369
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	39,691	22,702
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate	4,696	2
Residential real estate	10,840	2
Corporate loans and debt securities	33,529	9,005
State and municipal obligations	1,039	–
Other debt obligations	1,667	1
Equity securities	106,599	25,666
Commodities	3,606	–
Investments in funds at NAV	5,444	–
Subtotal	284,242	76,747
Derivatives	49,232	37,966
Total	$333,474	$114,713
As of December 2016
Money market instruments	$    1,319	$           –
U.S. government and agency obligations	57,657	16,627
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	29,381	20,502
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate	3,842	–
Residential real estate	12,195	3
Corporate loans and debt securities	28,659	6,570
State and municipal obligations	1,059	–
Other debt obligations	1,358	1
Equity securities	94,692	25,941
Commodities	5,653	–
Investments in funds at NAV	6,465	–
Subtotal	242,280	69,644
Derivatives	53,672	47,499
Total	$295,952	$117,143

In the table above:

• Money market instruments includes commercial paper, certificates of deposit and time deposits, substantially all of which have a maturity of less than one year.

• Equity securities includes public and private equities, exchange-traded funds and convertible debentures.

• Financial instruments owned included $2.76 billion and $89 million of securities that are accounted for as available-for-sale as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. See Note 6 for further information about available-for-sale securities.

Gains and Losses from Market Making and Other Principal Transactions

The table below presents “Market making” revenues by major product type, as well as “Other principal transactions” revenues.

	Three Months Ended September				Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016		2017		2016
Interest rates		$1,492		$   821		$  5,481		$1,091
Credit		471		440		1,397		1,688
Currencies		(960	)	544		(3,700	)	1,254
Equities		971		663		2,842		2,215
Commodities		138		247		425		819
Market making		2,112		2,715		6,445		7,067
Other principal transactions		1,554		1,163		4,002		1,978
Total		$3,666		$3,878		$10,447		$9,045

In the table above:

• Gains/(losses) include both realized and unrealized gains and losses, and are primarily related to the firm’s financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, including both derivative and non-derivative financial instruments.

• Gains/(losses) exclude related interest income and interest expense. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

• Gains/(losses) on other principal transactions are included in the firm’s Investing & Lending segment. See Note 25 for net revenues, including net interest income, by product type for Investing & Lending, as well as the amount of net interest income included in Investing & Lending.

• Gains/(losses) are not representative of the manner in which the firm manages its business activities because many of the firm’s market-making and client facilitation strategies utilize financial instruments across various product types. Accordingly, gains or losses in one product type frequently offset gains or losses in other product types. For example, most of the firm’s longer-term derivatives across product types are sensitive to changes in interest rates and may be economically hedged with interest rate swaps. Similarly, a significant portion of the firm’s cash instruments and derivatives across product types has exposure to foreign currencies and may be economically hedged with foreign currency contracts.

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Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Note 5.

Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial assets are marked to bid prices and financial liabilities are marked to offer prices. Fair value measurements do not include transaction costs. The firm measures certain financial assets and financial liabilities as a portfolio (i.e., based on its net exposure to market and/or credit risks).

The best evidence of fair value is a quoted price in an active market. If quoted prices in active markets are not available, fair value is determined by reference to prices for similar instruments, quoted prices or recent transactions in less active markets, or internally developed models that primarily use market-based or independently sourced inputs including, but not limited to, interest rates, volatilities, equity or debt prices, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, credit spreads and funding spreads (i.e., the spread or difference between the interest rate at which a borrower could finance a given financial instrument relative to a benchmark interest rate).

U.S. GAAP has a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. This hierarchy prioritizes inputs to the valuation techniques used to measure fair value, giving the highest priority to level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to level 3 inputs. A financial instrument’s level in this hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to its fair value measurement. In evaluating the significance of a valuation input, the firm considers, among other factors, a portfolio’s net risk exposure to that input. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

Level 1. Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets to which the firm had access at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2. Inputs to valuation techniques are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3. One or more inputs to valuation techniques are significant and unobservable.

The fair values for substantially all of the firm’s financial assets and financial liabilities are based on observable prices and inputs and are classified in levels 1 and 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Certain level 2 and level 3 financial assets and financial liabilities may require appropriate valuation adjustments that a market participant would require to arrive at fair value for factors such as counterparty and the firm’s credit quality, funding risk, transfer restrictions, liquidity and bid/offer spreads. Valuation adjustments are generally based on market evidence.

See Notes 6 through 8 for further information about fair value measurements of cash instruments, derivatives and other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value.

The table below presents financial assets and financial liabilities accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or in accordance with other U.S. GAAP.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		June 2017		December 2016
Total level 1 financial assets		$160,006		$163,555		$135,401
Total level 2 financial assets		392,796		407,480		419,585
Total level 3 financial assets		20,740		20,847		23,280
Investments in funds at NAV		5,444		5,910		6,465
Counterparty and cash collateral netting		(55,764	)	(79,738	)	(87,038	)
Total financial assets at fair value		$523,222		$518,054		$497,693
Total assets		$930,132		$906,518		$860,165
Total level 3 financial assets divided by:
Total assets		2.2%		2.3%		2.7%
Total financial assets at fair value		4.0%		4.0%		4.7%
Total level 1 financial liabilities		$  65,771		$  68,534		$  62,504
Total level 2 financial liabilities		257,882		248,257		232,027
Total level 3 financial liabilities		19,203		19,595		21,448
Counterparty and cash collateral netting		(36,649	)	(37,597	)	(44,695	)
Total financial liabilities at fair value		$306,207		$298,789		$271,284
Total level 3 financial liabilities divided by total financial liabilities at fair value		6.3%		6.6%		7.9%

In the table above:

• Counterparty netting among positions classified in the same level is included in that level.

• Counterparty and cash collateral netting represents the impact on derivatives of netting across levels of the fair value hierarchy.

• Total assets included $901 billion, $878 billion and $835 billion as of September 2017, June 2017 and December 2016, respectively, that is carried at fair value or at amounts that generally approximate fair value.

The table below presents a summary of level 3 financial assets.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	June 2017	December 2016
Cash instruments		$16,465	$16,196	$18,035
Derivatives		4,274	4,650	5,190
Other financial assets		1	1	55
Total		$20,740	$20,847	$23,280

Level 3 financial assets as of September 2017 were essentially unchanged compared with June 2017. Level 3 financial assets as of September 2017 decreased compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting a decrease in level 3 cash instruments. See Notes 6 through 8 for further information about level 3 financial assets (including information about unrealized gains and losses related to level 3 financial assets and financial liabilities, and transfers in and out of level 3).

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Cash Instruments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

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Cash Instruments

Note 6.

Cash Instruments

Cash instruments include U.S. government and agency obligations, non-U.S. government and agency obligations, mortgage-backed loans and securities, corporate loans and debt securities, equity securities, investments in funds at NAV, and other non-derivative financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased. See below for the types of cash instruments included in each level of the fair value hierarchy and the valuation techniques and significant inputs used to determine their fair values. See Note 5 for an overview of the firm’s fair value measurement policies.

Level 1 Cash Instruments

Level 1 cash instruments include certain money market instruments, U.S. government obligations, most non-U.S. government obligations, certain government agency obligations, certain corporate debt securities and actively traded listed equities. These instruments are valued using quoted prices for identical unrestricted instruments in active markets.

The firm defines active markets for equity instruments based on the average daily trading volume both in absolute terms and relative to the market capitalization for the instrument. The firm defines active markets for debt instruments based on both the average daily trading volume and the number of days with trading activity.

Level 2 Cash Instruments

Level 2 cash instruments include most money market instruments, most government agency obligations, certain non-U.S. government obligations, most mortgage-backed loans and securities, most corporate loans and debt securities, most state and municipal obligations, most other debt obligations, restricted or less liquid listed equities, commodities and certain lending commitments.

Valuations of level 2 cash instruments can be verified to quoted prices, recent trading activity for identical or similar instruments, broker or dealer quotations or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Consideration is given to the nature of the quotations (e.g., indicative or firm) and the relationship of recent market activity to the prices provided from alternative pricing sources.

Valuation adjustments are typically made to level 2 cash instruments (i) if the cash instrument is subject to transfer restrictions and/or (ii) for other premiums and liquidity discounts that a market participant would require to arrive at fair value. Valuation adjustments are generally based on market evidence.

Level 3 Cash Instruments

Level 3 cash instruments have one or more significant valuation inputs that are not observable. Absent evidence to the contrary, level 3 cash instruments are initially valued at transaction price, which is considered to be the best initial estimate of fair value. Subsequently, the firm uses other methodologies to determine fair value, which vary based on the type of instrument. Valuation inputs and assumptions are changed when corroborated by substantive observable evidence, including values realized on sales of financial assets.

Valuation Techniques and Significant Inputs of Level 3 Cash Instruments

Valuation techniques of level 3 cash instruments vary by instrument, but are generally based on discounted cash flow techniques. The valuation techniques and the nature of significant inputs used to determine the fair values of each type of level 3 cash instrument are described below:

Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate. Loans and securities backed by commercial real estate are directly or indirectly collateralized by a single commercial real estate property or a portfolio of properties, and may include tranches of varying levels of subordination. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses and include:

• Transaction prices in both the underlying collateral and instruments with the same or similar underlying collateral;

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets and/or current levels and changes in market indices such as the CMBX (an index that tracks the performance of commercial mortgage bonds);

• A measure of expected future cash flows in a default scenario (recovery rates) implied by the value of the underlying collateral, which is mainly driven by current performance of the underlying collateral, capitalization rates and multiples. Recovery rates are expressed as a percentage of notional or face value of the instrument and reflect the benefit of credit enhancements on certain instruments; and

• Timing of expected future cash flows (duration) which, in certain cases, may incorporate the impact of other unobservable inputs (e.g., prepayment speeds).

Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate. Loans and securities backed by residential real estate are directly or indirectly collateralized by portfolios of residential real estate and may include tranches of varying levels of subordination. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons to instruments with similar collateral and risk profiles. Significant inputs include:

• Transaction prices in both the underlying collateral and instruments with the same or similar underlying collateral;

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets;

• Cumulative loss expectations, driven by default rates, home price projections, residential property liquidation timelines, related costs and subsequent recoveries; and

• Duration, driven by underlying loan prepayment speeds and residential property liquidation timelines.

Corporate Loans and Debt Securities. Corporate loans and debt securities includes bank loans and bridge loans and corporate debt securities. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons both to prices of credit default swaps that reference the same or similar underlying instrument or entity and to other debt instruments for the same issuer for which observable prices or broker quotations are available. Significant inputs include:

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets and/or current levels and trends of market indices such as CDX and LCDX (indices that track the performance of corporate credit and loans, respectively);

• Current performance and recovery assumptions and, where the firm uses credit default swaps to value the related cash instrument, the cost of borrowing the underlying reference obligation; and

• Duration.

Equity Securities. Equity securities includes private equity securities and convertible debentures. Recent third-party completed or pending transactions (e.g., merger proposals, tender offers, debt restructurings) are considered to be the best evidence for any change in fair value. When these are not available, the following valuation methodologies are used, as appropriate:

• Industry multiples (primarily EBITDA multiples) and public comparables;

• Transactions in similar instruments;

• Discounted cash flow techniques; and

• Third-party appraisals.

The firm also considers changes in the outlook for the relevant industry and financial performance of the issuer as compared to projected performance. Significant inputs include:

• Market and transaction multiples;

• Discount rates and capitalization rates; and

• For equity securities with debt-like features, market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets, current performance and recovery assumptions, and duration.

Other Cash Instruments. Other cash instruments consists of non-U.S. government and agency obligations, state and municipal obligations, and other debt obligations. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons both to prices of credit default swaps that reference the same or similar underlying instrument or entity and to other debt instruments for the same issuer for which observable prices or broker quotations are available. Significant inputs include:

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets and/or current levels and trends of market indices;

• Current performance and recovery assumptions and, where the firm uses credit default swaps to value the related cash instrument, the cost of borrowing the underlying reference obligation; and

• Duration.

Fair Value of Cash Instruments by Level

The tables below present cash instrument assets and liabilities at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market instruments		$       376		$    2,362		$          1		$    2,739
U.S. government and agency obligations		41,532		32,860		–		74,392
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		30,639		9,049		3		39,691
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate		–		3,252		1,444		4,696
Residential real estate		–		10,066		774		10,840
Corporate loans and debt securities		699		29,263		3,567		33,529
State and municipal obligations		–		956		83		1,039
Other debt obligations		–		1,279		388		1,667
Equity securities		86,747		9,647		10,205		106,599
Commodities		–		3,606		–		3,606
Subtotal		$159,993		$102,340		$16,465		$278,798
Investments in funds at NAV								5,444
Total cash instrument assets								$284,242
Liabilities
U.S. government and agency obligations		$ (19,298	)	$        (71	)	$          –		$ (19,369	)
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		(20,786	)	(1,916	)	–		(22,702	)
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate		–		(2	)	–		(2	)
Residential real estate		–		(2	)	–		(2	)
Corporate loans and debt securities		(1	)	(8,961	)	(43	)	(9,005	)
Other debt obligations		–		(1	)	–		(1	)
Equity securities		(25,650	)	–		(16	)	(25,666	)
Total cash instrument liabilities		$ (65,735	)	$ (10,953	)	$      (59	)	$ (76,747	)

	As of December 2016
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market instruments		$       188		$  1,131		$         –		$    1,319
U.S. government and agency obligations		35,254		22,403		–		57,657
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		22,433		6,933		15		29,381
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate		–		2,197		1,645		3,842
Residential real estate		–		11,350		845		12,195
Corporate loans and debt securities		215		23,804		4,640		28,659
State and municipal obligations		–		960		99		1,059
Other debt obligations		–		830		528		1,358
Equity securities		77,276		7,153		10,263		94,692
Commodities		–		5,653		–		5,653
Subtotal		$135,366		$82,414		$18,035		$235,815
Investments in funds at NAV								6,465
Total cash instrument assets								$242,280
Liabilities
U.S. government and agency obligations		$ (16,615	)	$      (12	)	$         –		$ (16,627	)
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		(19,137	)	(1,364	)	(1	)	(20,502	)
Loans and securities backed by residential real estate		–		(3	)	–		(3	)
Corporate loans and debt securities		(2	)	(6,524	)	(44	)	(6,570	)
Other debt obligations		–		(1	)	–		(1	)
Equity securities		(25,768	)	(156	)	(17	)	(25,941	)
Total cash instrument liabilities		$ (61,522	)	$ (8,060	)	$      (62	)	$ (69,644	)

In the tables above:

• Cash instrument assets and liabilities are included in “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased,” respectively.

• Cash instrument assets are shown as positive amounts and cash instrument liabilities are shown as negative amounts.

• Money market instruments includes commercial paper, certificates of deposit and time deposits.

• Equity securities includes public and private equities, exchange-traded funds and convertible debentures.

• As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of the firm’s level 3 equity securities consisted of private equity securities.

• Total cash instrument assets included collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) backed by real estate and corporate obligations of $611 million and $461 million in level 2, and $406 million and $624 million in level 3 as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

Significant Unobservable Inputs

The table below presents the amount of level 3 assets, and ranges and weighted averages of significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 cash instruments.

	Level 3 Assets and Range of Significant Unobservable Inputs (Weighted Average) as of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Loans and securities backed by commercial real estate
Level 3 assets		$1,444		$1,645
Yield		4.5% to 22.0% (12.4%	)	3.7% to 23.0% (13.0%	)
Recovery rate		15.0% to 79.4% (46.0%	)	8.9% to 99.0% (60.6%	)
Duration (years)		0.8 to 6.7 (2.1	)	0.8 to 6.2 (2.1	)
Loans and securities backed by residential real estate
Level 3 assets		$774		$845
Yield		1.8% to 13.5% (7.8%	)	0.8% to 15.6% (8.7%	)
Cumulative loss rate		10.6% to 43.4% (21.2%	)	8.9% to 47.1% (24.2%	)
Duration (years)		1.0 to 17.0 (7.8	)	1.1 to 16.1 (7.3	)
Corporate loans and debt securities
Level 3 assets		$3,567		$4,640
Yield		3.8% to 24.5% (11.7%	)	2.5% to 25.0% (10.3%	)
Recovery rate		0.0% to 94.7% (59.8%	)	0.0% to 85.0% (56.5%	)
Duration (years)		1.0 to 7.3 (3.2	)	0.6 to 15.7 (2.9	)
Equity securities
Level 3 assets		$10,205		$10,263
Multiples		0.8x to 17.3x (7.4x	)	0.8x to 19.7x (6.8x	)
Discount rate/yield		2.6% to 25.0% (14.5%	)	6.5% to 25.0% (16.0%	)
Capitalization rate		4.3% to 11.5% (6.3%	)	4.2% to 12.5% (6.8%	)
Other cash instruments
Level 3 assets		$475		$642
Yield		3.5% to 17.3% (8.6%	)	1.9% to 14.0% (8.8%	)
Recovery rate		N/A		0.0% to 93.0% (61.4%	)
Duration (years)		1.4 to 11.7 (4.6	)	0.9 to 12.0 (4.3	)

In the table above:

• Ranges represent the significant unobservable inputs that were used in the valuation of each type of cash instrument.

• Weighted averages are calculated by weighting each input by the relative fair value of the cash instruments.

• The ranges and weighted averages of these inputs are not representative of the appropriate inputs to use when calculating the fair value of any one cash instrument. For example, the highest multiple for private equity securities is appropriate for valuing a specific private equity security but may not be appropriate for valuing any other private equity security. Accordingly, the ranges of inputs do not represent uncertainty in, or possible ranges of, fair value measurements of the firm’s level 3 cash instruments.

• Increases in yield, discount rate, capitalization rate, duration or cumulative loss rate used in the valuation of the firm’s level 3 cash instruments would result in a lower fair value measurement, while increases in recovery rate or multiples would result in a higher fair value measurement. Due to the distinctive nature of each of the firm’s level 3 cash instruments, the interrelationship of inputs is not necessarily uniform within each product type.

• Equity securities includes private equity securities and convertible debentures.

• Loans and securities backed by commercial and residential real estate, corporate loans and debt securities and other cash instruments are valued using discounted cash flows, and equity securities are valued using market comparables and discounted cash flows.

• The fair value of any one instrument may be determined using multiple valuation techniques. For example, market comparables and discounted cash flows may be used together to determine fair value. Therefore, the level 3 balance encompasses both of these techniques.

• Recovery rate was not significant to the valuation of level 3 other cash instrument assets as of September 2017.

Transfers Between Levels of the Fair Value Hierarchy

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are reported at the beginning of the reporting period in which they occur. See “Level 3 Rollforward” below for information about transfers between level 2 and level 3.

During the three and nine months ended September 2017, transfers into level 2 from level 1 of cash instruments were $55 million and $146 million, respectively, reflecting transfers of public equity securities due to decreased market activity in these instruments. Transfers into level 1 from level 2 of cash instruments during the three and nine months ended September 2017 were $23 million and $146 million, respectively, reflecting transfers of public equity securities due to increased market activity in these instruments.

During the three and nine months ended September 2016, transfers into level 2 from level 1 of cash instruments were $143 million and $88 million, respectively, reflecting transfers of public equity securities due to decreased market activity in these instruments. Transfers into level 1 from level 2 of cash instruments during the three and nine months ended September 2016 were $200 million and $203 million, respectively, reflecting transfers of public equity securities, due to increased market activity in these instruments.

Level 3 Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for level 3 cash instrument assets and liabilities.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total cash instrument assets
Beginning balance		$16,196		$18,131			$18,035		$18,131
Net realized gains/(losses)		109		194			349		503
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		332		461			1,146		358
Purchases		524		519			1,381		2,941
Sales		(736	)	(703	)		(1,775	)	(2,002	)
Settlements		(581	)	(1,081	)		(1,651	)	(2,922	)
Transfers into level 3		1,287		1,327			2,307		2,696
Transfers out of level 3		(666	)	(707	)		(3,327	)	(1,564	)
Ending balance		$16,465		$18,141			$16,465		$18,141
Total cash instrument liabilities
Beginning balance		$      (42	)	$    (123	)		$      (62	)	$    (193	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(2	)	25			(7	)	27
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		5		18			(10	)	32
Purchases		34		51			67		88
Sales		(34	)	(38	)		(35	)	(61	)
Settlements		–		1			–		(6	)
Transfers into level 3		(28	)	(26	)		(17	)	(9	)
Transfers out of level 3		8		–			5		30
Ending balance		$      (59	)	$      (92	)		$      (59	)	$      (92	)

In the table above:

• Changes in fair value are presented for all cash instrument assets and liabilities that are classified in level 3 as of the end of the period.

• Net unrealized gains/(losses) relate to instruments that were still held at period-end.

• Purchases includes originations and secondary purchases.

• If a cash instrument asset or liability was transferred to level 3 during a reporting period, its entire gain or loss for the period is classified in level 3. For level 3 cash instrument assets, increases are shown as positive amounts, while decreases are shown as negative amounts. For level 3 cash instrument liabilities, increases are shown as negative amounts, while decreases are shown as positive amounts.

• Level 3 cash instruments are frequently economically hedged with level 1 and level 2 cash instruments and/or level 1, level 2 or level 3 derivatives. Accordingly, gains or losses that are classified in level 3 can be partially offset by gains or losses attributable to level 1 or level 2 cash instruments and/or level 1, level 2 or level 3 derivatives. As a result, gains or losses included in the level 3 rollforward below do not necessarily represent the overall impact on the firm’s results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.

The table below disaggregates, by product type, the information for cash instrument assets included in the summary table above.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Loans and securities backed by commercial real estate
Beginning balance		$  1,400		$2,112			$  1,645		$ 1,924
Net realized gains/(losses)		8		12			37		58
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		29		59			168		14
Purchases		56		46			178		491
Sales		(84	)	(97	)		(165	)	(292	)
Settlements		(58	)	(144	)		(358	)	(459	)
Transfers into level 3		156		119			222		516
Transfers out of level 3		(63	)	(116	)		(283	)	(261	)
Ending balance		$  1,444		$1,991			$  1,444		$ 1,991
Loans and securities backed by residential real estate
Beginning balance		$     807		$1,300			$     845		$ 1,765
Net realized gains/(losses)		10		15			34		38
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		17		(5	)		87		45
Purchases		34		76			142		297
Sales		(56	)	(123	)		(220	)	(780	)
Settlements		(44	)	(85	)		(95	)	(233	)
Transfers into level 3		30		95			20		120
Transfers out of level 3		(24	)	(278	)		(39	)	(257	)
Ending balance		$     774		$   995			$     774		$    995
Corporate loans and debt securities
Beginning balance		$  3,645		$5,333			$  4,640		$ 5,242
Net realized gains/(losses)		45		107			151		244
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(7	)	107			33		64
Purchases		178		278			568		953
Sales		(265	)	(322	)		(795	)	(477	)
Settlements		(259	)	(647	)		(653	)	(1,553	)
Transfers into level 3		567		343			1,023		949
Transfers out of level 3		(337	)	(137	)		(1,400	)	(360	)
Ending balance		$  3,567		$5,062			$  3,567		$ 5,062
Equity securities
Beginning balance		$  9,833		$8,705			$10,263		$ 8,549
Net realized gains/(losses)		42		52			111		138
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		289		291			846		252
Purchases		219		96			401		957
Sales		(319	)	(137	)		(548	)	(301	)
Settlements		(161	)	(165	)		(399	)	(555	)
Transfers into level 3		530		704			1,030		1,008
Transfers out of level 3		(228	)	(169	)		(1,499	)	(671	)
Ending balance		$10,205		$9,377			$10,205		$ 9,377
Other cash instruments
Beginning balance		$     511		$   681			$     642		$    651
Net realized gains/(losses)		4		8			16		25
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		4		9			12		(17	)
Purchases		37		23			92		243
Sales		(12	)	(24	)		(47	)	(152	)
Settlements		(59	)	(40	)		(146	)	(122	)
Transfers into level 3		4		66			12		103
Transfers out of level 3		(14	)	(7	)		(106	)	(15	)
Ending balance		$     475		$   716			$     475		$    716

Level 3 Rollforward Commentary

Three Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets of $441 million (reflecting $109 million of net realized gains and $332 million of net unrealized gains) for the three months ended September 2017 included gains/(losses) of approximately $(44) million, $360 million and $125 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest income,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets for the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected gains on private equity securities, principally driven by strong corporate performance and company-specific events.

Transfers into level 3 during the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain corporate loans and debt securities and private equity securities from level 2, principally due to reduced price transparency as a result of a lack of market evidence, including fewer transactions in these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 during the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain corporate loans and debt securities and private equity securities to level 2, principally due to increased price transparency as a result of market evidence, including new transactions in these instruments.

Nine Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets of $1.50 billion (reflecting $349 million of net realized gains and $1.15 billion of net unrealized gains) for the nine months ended September 2017 included gains/(losses) of approximately $(77) million, $1.21 billion and $365 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest income,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets for the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected gains on private equity securities, principally driven by strong corporate performance and company-specific events.

Transfers into level 3 during the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities and corporate loans and debt securities from level 2, principally due to reduced price transparency as a result of a lack of market evidence, including fewer transactions in these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 during the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities and corporate loans and debt securities to level 2, principally due to increased price transparency as a result of market evidence, including new transactions in these instruments, and transfers of certain corporate loans and debt securities to level 2, principally due to certain unobservable yield and duration inputs no longer being significant to the valuation of these instruments.

Three Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets of $655 million (reflecting $194 million of net realized gains and $461 million of net unrealized gains) for the three months ended September 2016 included gains/(losses) of approximately $(65) million, $487 million and $233 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest income,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets for the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected gains on private equity securities, principally driven by strong corporate performance and company-specific events.

Transfers into level 3 during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities and corporate loans and debt securities from level 2, principally due to reduced price transparency as a result of a lack of market evidence, including fewer market transactions in these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain loans and securities backed by residential real estate and private equity securities to level 2, principally due to increased price transparency as a result of market evidence, including market transactions in these instruments.

Nine Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets of $861 million (reflecting $503 million of net realized gains and $358 million of net unrealized gains) for the nine months ended September 2016 included gains/(losses) of approximately $(394) million, $557 million and $698 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest income,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 cash instrument assets for the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected gains on private equity securities, principally driven by strong corporate performance and company-specific events.

Transfers into level 3 during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities, corporate loans and debt securities, and loans and securities backed by commercial real estate from level 2, principally due to reduced price transparency as a result of a lack of market evidence, including fewer transactions in these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain private equity securities, corporate loans and debt securities, and loans and securities backed by commercial and residential real estate to level 2, principally due to increased price transparency as a result of market evidence, including market transactions in these instruments.

Available-for-Sale Securities

Cash instruments include securities that are accounted for as available-for-sale. The table below presents details about such securities.

$ in millions	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Weighted Average Yield
As of September 2017
U.S. government and agency obligations	$2,524	$2,517	1.84%
Other available-for-sale securities	245	246	4.46%
Total available-for-sale securities	$2,769	$2,763	2.07%
As of December 2016
U.S. government and agency obligations	$     24	$     24	0.43%
Other available-for-sale securities	65	65	3.03%
Total available-for-sale securities	$     89	$     89	2.32%

In the table above:

• U.S. government and agency obligations were classified in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and substantially all had maturities of one to five years as of September 2017 and less than one year as of December 2016.

• Other available-for-sale securities includes corporate debt securities, other debt obligations, securities backed by commercial real estate and money market instruments. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, these securities were primarily classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and primarily had maturities of greater than ten years.

• The gross unrealized gains/(losses) included in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” related to available-for-sale securities were not material.

Investments in Funds at Net Asset Value Per Share

Cash instruments at fair value include investments in funds that are measured at NAV of the investment fund. The firm uses NAV to measure the fair value of its fund investments when (i) the fund investment does not have a readily determinable fair value and (ii) the NAV of the investment fund is calculated in a manner consistent with the measurement principles of investment company accounting, including measurement of the investments at fair value.

Substantially all of the firm’s investments in funds at NAV consist of investments in firm-sponsored private equity, credit, real estate and hedge funds where the firm co-invests with third-party investors.

Private equity funds primarily invest in a broad range of industries worldwide, including leveraged buyouts, recapitalizations, growth investments and distressed investments. Credit funds generally invest in loans and other fixed income instruments and are focused on providing private high-yield capital for leveraged and management buyout transactions, recapitalizations, financings, refinancings, acquisitions and restructurings for private equity firms, private family companies and corporate issuers. Real estate funds invest globally, primarily in real estate companies, loan portfolios, debt recapitalizations and property. Private equity, credit and real estate funds are closed-end funds in which the firm’s investments are generally not eligible for redemption. Distributions will be received from these funds as the underlying assets are liquidated or distributed.

The firm also invests in hedge funds, primarily multi-disciplinary hedge funds that employ a fundamental bottom-up investment approach across various asset classes and strategies. The firm’s investments in hedge funds primarily include interests where the underlying assets are illiquid in nature, and proceeds from redemptions will not be received until the underlying assets are liquidated or distributed.

Many of the funds described above are “covered funds” as defined by the Volcker Rule of the U.S. Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act). The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (Federal Reserve Board) extended the conformance period to July 2022 for the firm’s investments in, and relationships with, certain legacy “illiquid covered funds” (as defined by the Volcker Rule) that were in place prior to December 2013. This extension is applicable to substantially all of the firm’s remaining investments in, and relationships with, covered funds in the table below. The firm will continue to manage and conform its investments in, and relationships with, such covered funds, taking into account the conformance period.

The table below presents the fair value of the firm’s investments in funds at NAV and related unfunded commitments.

$ in millions	Fair Value of Investments	Unfunded Commitments
As of September 2017
Private equity funds	$3,944	$   628
Credit funds	305	498
Hedge funds	254	–
Real estate funds	941	273
Total	$5,444	$1,399
As of December 2016
Private equity funds	$4,628	$1,393
Credit funds	421	166
Hedge funds	410	–
Real estate funds	1,006	272
Total	$6,465	$1,831

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Note 7.

Derivatives and Hedging Activities

Derivative Activities

Derivatives are instruments that derive their value from underlying asset prices, indices, reference rates and other inputs, or a combination of these factors. Derivatives may be traded on an exchange (exchange-traded) or they may be privately negotiated contracts, which are usually referred to as OTC derivatives. Certain of the firm’s OTC derivatives are cleared and settled through central clearing counterparties (OTC-cleared), while others are bilateral contracts between two counterparties (bilateral OTC).

Market-Making. As a market maker, the firm enters into derivative transactions to provide liquidity to clients and to facilitate the transfer and hedging of their risks. In this role, the firm typically acts as principal and is required to commit capital to provide execution, and maintains inventory in response to, or in anticipation of, client demand.

Risk Management. The firm also enters into derivatives to actively manage risk exposures that arise from its market-making and investing and lending activities in derivative and cash instruments. The firm’s holdings and exposures are hedged, in many cases, on either a portfolio or risk-specific basis, as opposed to an instrument-by-instrument basis. The offsetting impact of this economic hedging is reflected in the same business segment as the related revenues. In addition, the firm may enter into derivatives designated as hedges under U.S. GAAP. These derivatives are used to manage interest rate exposure in certain fixed-rate unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings, and deposits, and to manage foreign currency exposure on the net investment in certain non-U.S. operations.

The firm enters into various types of derivatives, including:

• Futures and Forwards. Contracts that commit counterparties to purchase or sell financial instruments, commodities or currencies in the future.

• Swaps. Contracts that require counterparties to exchange cash flows such as currency or interest payment streams. The amounts exchanged are based on the specific terms of the contract with reference to specified rates, financial instruments, commodities, currencies or indices.

• Options. Contracts in which the option purchaser has the right, but not the obligation, to purchase from or sell to the option writer financial instruments, commodities or currencies within a defined time period for a specified price.

Derivatives are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis (i.e., the net payable or receivable for derivative assets and liabilities for a given counterparty) when a legal right of setoff exists under an enforceable netting agreement (counterparty netting). Derivatives are accounted for at fair value, net of cash collateral received or posted under enforceable credit support agreements (cash collateral netting). Derivative assets and liabilities are included in “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased,” respectively. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivatives not designated as hedges under ASC 815 are included in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions” in Note 4.

The tables below present the gross fair value and the notional amounts of derivative contracts by major product type, the amounts of counterparty and cash collateral netting in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, as well as cash and securities collateral posted and received under enforceable credit support agreements that do not meet the criteria for netting under U.S. GAAP.

	As of September 2017					As of December 2016
$ in millions		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities			Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
Not accounted for as hedges
Exchange-traded		$        566		$        801			$        443		$        382
OTC-cleared		5,273		2,910			189,471		168,946
Bilateral OTC		273,255		249,002			309,037		289,491
Total interest rates		279,094		252,713			498,951		458,819
OTC-cleared		5,934		5,774			4,837		4,811
Bilateral OTC		18,142		16,509			21,530		18,770
Total credit		24,076		22,283			26,367		23,581
Exchange-traded		38		49			36		176
OTC-cleared		859		780			796		798
Bilateral OTC		101,402		96,772			111,032		106,318
Total currencies		102,299		97,601			111,864		107,292
Exchange-traded		4,371		4,247			3,219		3,187
OTC-cleared		213		191			189		197
Bilateral OTC		7,730		9,900			8,945		10,487
Total commodities		12,314		14,338			12,353		13,871
Exchange-traded		11,174		9,656			8,576		8,064
Bilateral OTC		43,537		48,242			39,516		45,826
Total equities		54,711		57,898			48,092		53,890
Subtotal		472,494		444,833			697,627		657,453
Accounted for as hedges
OTC-cleared		10		–			4,347		156
Bilateral OTC		2,825		7			4,180		10
Total interest rates		2,835		7			8,527		166
OTC-cleared		8		33			30		40
Bilateral OTC		16		99			55		64
Total currencies		24		132			85		104
Subtotal		2,859		139			8,612		270
Total gross fair value		$ 475,353		$ 444,972			$ 706,239		$ 657,723
Offset in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Exchange-traded		$  (12,959	)	$  (12,959	)		$    (9,727	)	$    (9,727	)
OTC-cleared		(9,429	)	(9,429	)		(171,864	)	(171,864	)
Bilateral OTC		(348,935	)	(348,935	)		(385,647	)	(385,647	)
Counterparty netting		(371,323	)	(371,323	)		(567,238	)	(567,238	)
OTC-cleared		(2,590	)	(200	)		(27,560	)	(2,940	)
Bilateral OTC		(52,208	)	(35,483	)		(57,769	)	(40,046	)
Cash collateral netting		(54,798	)	(35,683	)		(85,329	)	(42,986	)
Total amounts offset		$(426,121	)	$(407,006	)		$(652,567	)	$(610,224	)
Included in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Exchange-traded		$     3,190		$     1,794			$     2,547		$     2,082
OTC-cleared		278		59			246		144
Bilateral OTC		45,764		36,113			50,879		45,273
Total		$   49,232		$   37,966			$   53,672		$   47,499
Not offset in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Cash collateral		$       (612	)	$    (2,173	)		$       (535	)	$    (2,085	)
Securities collateral		(14,192	)	(8,757	)		(15,518	)	(10,224	)
Total		$   34,428		$   27,036			$   37,619		$   35,190

	Notional Amounts as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Not accounted for as hedges
Exchange-traded		$  9,804,797	$  4,425,532
OTC-cleared		17,244,593	16,646,145
Bilateral OTC		14,402,975	11,131,442
Total interest rates		41,452,365	32,203,119
OTC-cleared		423,723	378,432
Bilateral OTC		973,991	1,045,913
Total credit		1,397,714	1,424,345
Exchange-traded		18,830	13,800
OTC-cleared		107,411	62,799
Bilateral OTC		7,883,247	5,576,748
Total currencies		8,009,488	5,653,347
Exchange-traded		281,291	227,707
OTC-cleared		4,066	3,506
Bilateral OTC		249,020	196,899
Total commodities		534,377	428,112
Exchange-traded		772,320	605,335
Bilateral OTC		1,210,740	959,112
Total equities		1,983,060	1,564,447
Subtotal		53,377,004	41,273,370
Accounted for as hedges
OTC-cleared		57,075	55,328
Bilateral OTC		19,654	36,607
Total interest rates		76,729	91,935
OTC-cleared		1,858	1,703
Bilateral OTC		8,255	8,544
Total currencies		10,113	10,247
Subtotal		86,842	102,182
Total notional amounts		$53,463,846	$41,375,552

In the tables above:

• Gross fair values exclude the effects of both counterparty netting and collateral, and therefore are not representative of the firm’s exposure.

• Where the firm has received or posted collateral under credit support agreements, but has not yet determined such agreements are enforceable, the related collateral has not been netted.

• Notional amounts, which represent the sum of gross long and short derivative contracts, provide an indication of the volume of the firm’s derivative activity and do not represent anticipated losses.

• Total gross fair value of derivatives included derivative assets and derivative liabilities of $14.35 billion and $14.91 billion, respectively, as of September 2017, and derivative assets and derivative liabilities of $19.92 billion and $20.79 billion, respectively, as of December 2016, which are not subject to an enforceable netting agreement or are subject to a netting agreement that the firm has not yet determined to be enforceable.

Pursuant to a rule change at a clearing organization in the first quarter of 2017, transactions with this clearing organization are considered settled each day. In addition, during the third quarter of 2017, consistent with the rules of another clearing organization, the firm elected to consider its transactions with that clearing organization as settled each day. The impact of reflecting transactions with these two clearing organizations as settled would have been a reduction in gross derivative assets and liabilities as of December 2016 of $189.08 billion and $166.04 billion, respectively, and a corresponding decrease in counterparty and cash collateral netting, with no impact to the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Valuation Techniques for Derivatives

The firm’s level 2 and level 3 derivatives are valued using derivative pricing models (e.g., discounted cash flow models, correlation models, and models that incorporate option pricing methodologies, such as Monte Carlo simulations). Price transparency of derivatives can generally be characterized by product type, as described below.

• Interest Rate. In general, the key inputs used to value interest rate derivatives are transparent, even for most long-dated contracts. Interest rate swaps and options denominated in the currencies of leading industrialized nations are characterized by high trading volumes and tight bid/offer spreads. Interest rate derivatives that reference indices, such as an inflation index, or the shape of the yield curve (e.g., 10-year swap rate vs. 2-year swap rate) are more complex, but the key inputs are generally observable.

• Credit. Price transparency for credit default swaps, including both single names and baskets of credits, varies by market and underlying reference entity or obligation. Credit default swaps that reference indices, large corporates and major sovereigns generally exhibit the most price transparency. For credit default swaps with other underliers, price transparency varies based on credit rating, the cost of borrowing the underlying reference obligations, and the availability of the underlying reference obligations for delivery upon the default of the issuer. Credit default swaps that reference loans, asset-backed securities and emerging market debt instruments tend to have less price transparency than those that reference corporate bonds. In addition, more complex credit derivatives, such as those sensitive to the correlation between two or more underlying reference obligations, generally have less price transparency.

• Currency. Prices for currency derivatives based on the exchange rates of leading industrialized nations, including those with longer tenors, are generally transparent. The primary difference between the price transparency of developed and emerging market currency derivatives is that emerging markets tend to be observable for contracts with shorter tenors.

• Commodity. Commodity derivatives include transactions referenced to energy (e.g., oil and natural gas), metals (e.g., precious and base) and soft commodities (e.g., agricultural). Price transparency varies based on the underlying commodity, delivery location, tenor and product quality (e.g., diesel fuel compared to unleaded gasoline). In general, price transparency for commodity derivatives is greater for contracts with shorter tenors and contracts that are more closely aligned with major and/or benchmark commodity indices.

• Equity. Price transparency for equity derivatives varies by market and underlier. Options on indices and the common stock of corporates included in major equity indices exhibit the most price transparency. Equity derivatives generally have observable market prices, except for contracts with long tenors or reference prices that differ significantly from current market prices. More complex equity derivatives, such as those sensitive to the correlation between two or more individual stocks, generally have less price transparency.

Liquidity is essential to observability of all product types. If transaction volumes decline, previously transparent prices and other inputs may become unobservable. Conversely, even highly structured products may at times have trading volumes large enough to provide observability of prices and other inputs. See Note 5 for an overview of the firm’s fair value measurement policies.

Level 1 Derivatives

Level 1 derivatives include short-term contracts for future delivery of securities when the underlying security is a level 1 instrument, and exchange-traded derivatives if they are actively traded and are valued at their quoted market price.

Level 2 Derivatives

Level 2 derivatives include OTC derivatives for which all significant valuation inputs are corroborated by market evidence and exchange-traded derivatives that are not actively traded and/or that are valued using models that calibrate to market-clearing levels of OTC derivatives.

The selection of a particular model to value a derivative depends on the contractual terms of and specific risks inherent in the instrument, as well as the availability of pricing information in the market. For derivatives that trade in liquid markets, model selection does not involve significant management judgment because outputs of models can be calibrated to market-clearing levels.

Valuation models require a variety of inputs, such as contractual terms, market prices, yield curves, discount rates (including those derived from interest rates on collateral received and posted as specified in credit support agreements for collateralized derivatives), credit curves, measures of volatility, prepayment rates, loss severity rates and correlations of such inputs. Significant inputs to the valuations of level 2 derivatives can be verified to market transactions, broker or dealer quotations or other alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Consideration is given to the nature of the quotations (e.g., indicative or firm) and the relationship of recent market activity to the prices provided from alternative pricing sources.

Level 3 Derivatives

Level 3 derivatives are valued using models which utilize observable level 1 and/or level 2 inputs, as well as unobservable level 3 inputs. The significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 derivatives are described below.

• For the majority of the firm’s interest rate and currency derivatives classified in level 3, significant unobservable inputs include correlations of certain currencies and interest rates (e.g., the correlation between Euro inflation and Euro interest rates) and specific interest rate volatilities.

• For level 3 credit derivatives, significant unobservable inputs include illiquid credit spreads and upfront credit points, which are unique to specific reference obligations and reference entities, recovery rates and certain correlations required to value credit derivatives (e.g., the likelihood of default of the underlying reference obligation relative to one another).

• For level 3 commodity derivatives, significant unobservable inputs include volatilities for options with strike prices that differ significantly from current market prices and prices or spreads for certain products for which the product quality or physical location of the commodity is not aligned with benchmark indices.

• For level 3 equity derivatives, significant unobservable inputs generally include equity volatility inputs for options that are long-dated and/or have strike prices that differ significantly from current market prices. In addition, the valuation of certain structured trades requires the use of level 3 correlation inputs, such as the correlation of the price performance of two or more individual stocks or the correlation of the price performance for a basket of stocks to another asset class such as commodities.

Subsequent to the initial valuation of a level 3 derivative, the firm updates the level 1 and level 2 inputs to reflect observable market changes and any resulting gains and losses are classified in level 3. Level 3 inputs are changed when corroborated by evidence such as similar market transactions, third-party pricing services and/or broker or dealer quotations or other empirical market data. In circumstances where the firm cannot verify the model value by reference to market transactions, it is possible that a different valuation model could produce a materially different estimate of fair value. See below for further information about significant unobservable inputs used in the valuation of level 3 derivatives.

Valuation Adjustments

Valuation adjustments are integral to determining the fair value of derivative portfolios and are used to adjust the mid-market valuations produced by derivative pricing models to the appropriate exit price valuation. These adjustments incorporate bid/offer spreads, the cost of liquidity, credit valuation adjustments and funding valuation adjustments, which account for the credit and funding risk inherent in the uncollateralized portion of derivative portfolios. The firm also makes funding valuation adjustments to collateralized derivatives where the terms of the agreement do not permit the firm to deliver or repledge collateral received. Market-based inputs are generally used when calibrating valuation adjustments to market-clearing levels.

In addition, for derivatives that include significant unobservable inputs, the firm makes model or exit price adjustments to account for the valuation uncertainty present in the transaction.

Fair Value of Derivatives by Level

The tables below present the fair value of derivatives on a gross basis by level and major product type, as well as the impact of netting, included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Interest rates		$     4		$ 281,349		$    576		$ 281,929
Credit		–		20,258		3,818		24,076
Currencies		–		102,146		177		102,323
Commodities		–		11,943		371		12,314
Equities		9		54,352		350		54,711
Gross fair value		13		470,048		5,292		475,353
Counterparty netting in levels		–		(369,339	)	(1,018	)	(370,357	)
Subtotal		$   13		$ 100,709		$ 4,274		$ 104,996
Cross-level counterparty netting								(966	)
Cash collateral netting								(54,798	)
Net fair value								$   49,232
Liabilities
Interest rates		$    (8	)	$(251,809	)	$   (903	)	$(252,720	)
Credit		–		(20,226	)	(2,057	)	(22,283	)
Currencies		–		(97,520	)	(213	)	(97,733	)
Commodities		–		(14,033	)	(305	)	(14,338	)
Equities		(28	)	(55,939	)	(1,931	)	(57,898	)
Gross fair value		(36	)	(439,527	)	(5,409	)	(444,972	)
Counterparty netting in levels		–		369,339		1,018		370,357
Subtotal		$  (36	)	$  (70,188	)	$(4,391	)	$  (74,615	)
Cross-level counterparty netting								966
Cash collateral netting								35,683
Net fair value								$  (37,966	)
	As of December 2016
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Interest rates		$   46		$ 506,818		$    614		$ 507,478
Credit		–		21,388		4,979		26,367
Currencies		–		111,762		187		111,949
Commodities		–		11,950		403		12,353
Equities		1		47,667		424		48,092
Gross fair value		47		699,585		6,607		706,239
Counterparty netting in levels		(12	)	(564,100	)	(1,417	)	(565,529	)
Subtotal		$   35		$ 135,485		$ 5,190		$ 140,710
Cross-level counterparty netting								(1,709	)
Cash collateral netting								(85,329	)
Net fair value								$   53,672
Liabilities
Interest rates		$  (27	)	$(457,963	)	$   (995	)	$(458,985	)
Credit		–		(21,106	)	(2,475	)	(23,581	)
Currencies		–		(107,212	)	(184	)	(107,396	)
Commodities		–		(13,541	)	(330	)	(13,871	)
Equities		(967	)	(49,083	)	(3,840	)	(53,890	)
Gross fair value		(994	)	(648,905	)	(7,824	)	(657,723	)
Counterparty netting in levels		12		564,100		1,417		565,529
Subtotal		$(982	)	$  (84,805	)	$(6,407	)	$  (92,194	)
Cross-level counterparty netting								1,709
Cash collateral netting								42,986
Net fair value								$  (47,499	)

In the tables above:

• The gross fair values exclude the effects of both counterparty netting and collateral netting, and therefore are not representative of the firm’s exposure.

• Counterparty netting is reflected in each level to the extent that receivable and payable balances are netted within the same level and is included in counterparty netting in levels. Where the counterparty netting is across levels, the netting is included in cross-level counterparty netting.

• Derivative assets are shown as positive amounts and derivative liabilities are shown as negative amounts.

Significant Unobservable Inputs

The table below presents the amount of level 3 assets (liabilities), and ranges, averages and medians of significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 derivatives.

	Level 3 Assets (Liabilities) and Range of Significant Unobservable Inputs (Average/Median) as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Interest rates, net		$(327)	$(381)
Correlation		(10)% to 86% (56%/60%)	(10)% to 86% (56%/60%)
Volatility (bps)		31 to 151 (84/57)	31 to 151 (84/57)
Credit, net		$1,761	$2,504
Correlation		35% to 91% (59%/59%)	35% to 91% (65%/68%)
Credit spreads (bps)		1 to 637 (89/50)	1 to 993 (122/73)
Upfront credit points		0 to 95 (41/36)	0 to 100 (43/35)
Recovery rates		22% to 97% (64%/70%)	1% to 97% (58%/70%)
Currencies, net		$(36)	$3
Correlation		25% to 72% (49%/46%)	25% to 70% (50%/55%)
Commodities, net		$66	$73
Volatility		9% to 65% (27%/27%)	13% to 68% (33%/33%)
Natural gas spread		$(2.24) to $2.84 ($(0.22)/$(0.12))	$(1.81) to $4.33 ($(0.14)/$(0.05))
Oil spread		$(7.10) to $60.00 ($4.67/$(1.54))	$(19.72) to $64.92 ($25.30/$16.43)
Equities, net		$(1,581)	$(3,416)
Correlation		(35)% to 94% (51%/48%)	(39)% to 88% (41%/41%)
Volatility		3% to 87% (24%/22%)	5% to 72% (24%/23%)

In the table above:

• Derivative assets are shown as positive amounts and derivative liabilities are shown as negative amounts.

• Ranges represent the significant unobservable inputs that were used in the valuation of each type of derivative.

• Averages represent the arithmetic average of the inputs and are not weighted by the relative fair value or notional of the respective financial instruments. An average greater than the median indicates that the majority of inputs are below the average. For example, the difference between the average and the median for credit spreads and oil spread inputs indicates that the majority of the inputs fall in the lower end of the range.

• The ranges, averages and medians of these inputs are not representative of the appropriate inputs to use when calculating the fair value of any one derivative. For example, the highest correlation for interest rate derivatives is appropriate for valuing a specific interest rate derivative but may not be appropriate for valuing any other interest rate derivative. Accordingly, the ranges of inputs do not represent uncertainty in, or possible ranges of, fair value measurements of the firm’s level 3 derivatives.

• Interest rates, currencies and equities derivatives are valued using option pricing models, credit derivatives are valued using option pricing, correlation and discounted cash flow models, and commodities derivatives are valued using option pricing and discounted cash flow models.

• The fair value of any one instrument may be determined using multiple valuation techniques. For example, option pricing models and discounted cash flows models are typically used together to determine fair value. Therefore, the level 3 balance encompasses both of these techniques.

• Correlation within currencies and equities includes cross-product correlation.

• Natural gas spread represents the spread per million British thermal units of natural gas.

• Oil spread represents the spread per barrel of oil and refined products.

Range of Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following is information about the ranges of significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 derivative instruments:

• Correlation. Ranges for correlation cover a variety of underliers both within one market (e.g., equity index and equity single stock names) and across markets (e.g., correlation of an interest rate and a foreign exchange rate), as well as across regions. Generally, cross-product correlation inputs are used to value more complex instruments and are lower than correlation inputs on assets within the same derivative product type.

• Volatility. Ranges for volatility cover numerous underliers across a variety of markets, maturities and strike prices. For example, volatility of equity indices is generally lower than volatility of single stocks.

• Credit spreads, upfront credit points and recovery rates. The ranges for credit spreads, upfront credit points and recovery rates cover a variety of underliers (index and single names), regions, sectors, maturities and credit qualities (high-yield and investment-grade). The broad range of this population gives rise to the width of the ranges of significant unobservable inputs.

• Commodity prices and spreads. The ranges for commodity prices and spreads cover variability in products, maturities and delivery locations.

Sensitivity of Fair Value Measurement to Changes in Significant Unobservable Inputs

The following is a description of the directional sensitivity of the firm’s level 3 fair value measurements to changes in significant unobservable inputs, in isolation:

• Correlation. In general, for contracts where the holder benefits from the convergence of the underlying asset or index prices (e.g., interest rates, credit spreads, foreign exchange rates, inflation rates and equity prices), an increase in correlation results in a higher fair value measurement.

• Volatility. In general, for purchased options, an increase in volatility results in a higher fair value measurement.

• Credit spreads, upfront credit points and recovery rates. In general, the fair value of purchased credit protection increases as credit spreads or upfront credit points increase or recovery rates decrease. Credit spreads, upfront credit points and recovery rates are strongly related to distinctive risk factors of the underlying reference obligations, which include reference entity-specific factors such as leverage, volatility and industry, market-based risk factors, such as borrowing costs or liquidity of the underlying reference obligation, and macroeconomic conditions.

• Commodity prices and spreads. In general, for contracts where the holder is receiving a commodity, an increase in the spread (price difference from a benchmark index due to differences in quality or delivery location) or price results in a higher fair value measurement.

Due to the distinctive nature of each of the firm’s level 3 derivatives, the interrelationship of inputs is not necessarily uniform within each product type.

Level 3 Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for all level 3 derivatives.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total level 3 derivatives
Beginning balance		$ 960		$2,430			$(1,217	)	$   495
Net realized gains/(losses)		(24	)	17			(82	)	(110	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		12		(171	)		(144	)	620
Purchases		48		43			146		191
Sales		(786	)	(38	)		(935	)	(279	)
Settlements		(299	)	(194	)		2,163		622
Transfers into level 3		(34	)	119			(6	)	500
Transfers out of level 3		6		86			(42	)	253
Ending balance		$(117	)	$2,292			$   (117	)	$2,292

In the table above:

• Changes in fair value are presented for all derivative assets and liabilities that are classified in level 3 as of the end of the period.

• Net unrealized gains/(losses) relate to instruments that were still held at period-end.

• If a derivative was transferred into level 3 during a reporting period, its entire gain or loss for the period is classified in level 3. Transfers between levels are reported at the beginning of the reporting period in which they occur.

• Positive amounts for transfers into level 3 and negative amounts for transfers out of level 3 represent net transfers of derivative assets. Negative amounts for transfers into level 3 and positive amounts for transfers out of level 3 represent net transfers of derivative liabilities.

• A derivative with level 1 and/or level 2 inputs is classified in level 3 in its entirety if it has at least one significant level 3 input.

• If there is one significant level 3 input, the entire gain or loss from adjusting only observable inputs (i.e., level 1 and level 2 inputs) is classified in level 3.

• Gains or losses that have been classified in level 3 resulting from changes in level 1 or level 2 inputs are frequently offset by gains or losses attributable to level 1 or level 2 derivatives and/or level 1, level 2 and level 3 cash instruments. As a result, gains/(losses) included in the level 3 rollforward below do not necessarily represent the overall impact on the firm’s results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.

The table below disaggregates, by major product type, the information for level 3 derivatives included in the summary table above.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Interest rates, net
Beginning balance		$   (319	)	$     56			$   (381	)	$   (398	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(34	)	(23	)		(77	)	(43	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		38		(48	)		68		129
Purchases		1		–			5		3
Sales		(4	)	(2	)		(12	)	(5	)
Settlements		5		61			78		95
Transfers into level 3		–		9			(11	)	304
Transfers out of level 3		(14	)	1			3		(31	)
Ending balance		$   (327	)	$     54			$   (327	)	$      54
Credit, net
Beginning balance		$ 1,999		$2,942			$ 2,504		$ 2,793
Net realized gains/(losses)		23		7			52		(50	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		54		(31	)		(149	)	359
Purchases		15		12			30		68
Sales		(27	)	(6	)		(40	)	(38	)
Settlements		(356	)	(110	)		(607	)	(393	)
Transfers into level 3		8		101			45		191
Transfers out of level 3		45		(4	)		(74	)	(19	)
Ending balance		$ 1,761		$2,911			$ 1,761		$ 2,911
Currencies, net
Beginning balance		$      25		$     17			$        3		$     (34	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(9	)	(12	)		(30	)	(39	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(52	)	(14	)		(87	)	2
Purchases		1		1			3		15
Sales		–		–			–		(4	)
Settlements		26		39			88		84
Transfers into level 3		3		–			11		1
Transfers out of level 3		(30	)	1			(24	)	7
Ending balance		$     (36	)	$     32			$     (36	)	$      32
Commodities, net
Beginning balance		$    118		$  (222	)		$      73		$   (262	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(4	)	(2	)		23		22
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		80		(25	)		135		34
Purchases		3		1			19		27
Sales		(58	)	(4	)		(120	)	(118	)
Settlements		(1	)	34			(42	)	12
Transfers into level 3		(47	)	6			(40	)	10
Transfers out of level 3		(25	)	210			18		273
Ending balance		$      66		$      (2	)		$      66		$       (2	)
Equities, net
Beginning balance		$   (863	)	$  (363	)		$(3,416	)	$(1,604	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		–		47			(50	)	–
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(108	)	(53	)		(111	)	96
Purchases		28		29			89		78
Sales		(697	)	(26	)		(763	)	(114	)
Settlements		27		(218	)		2,646		824
Transfers into level 3		2		3			(11	)	(6	)
Transfers out of level 3		30		(122	)		35		23
Ending balance		$(1,581	)	$  (703	)		$(1,581	)	$   (703	)

Level 3 Rollforward Commentary

Three Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives of $12 million (reflecting $24 million of net realized losses and $12 million of net unrealized gains) for the three months ended September 2017 included gains/(losses) of $63 million and $(75) million reported in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 derivatives for the three months ended September 2017 were not material.

Both transfers into level 3 derivatives and transfers out of level 3 derivatives during the three months ended September 2017 were not material.

Nine Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives of $226 million (reflecting $82 million of net realized losses and $144 million of net unrealized losses) for the nine months ended September 2017 included gains/(losses) of $28 million and $(254) million reported in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions,” respectively.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives for the nine months ended September 2017 were primarily attributable to losses on certain credit derivatives, reflecting the impact of tighter credit spreads, and losses on certain equity derivatives, reflecting the impact of changes in equity prices, partially offset by gains on certain commodity derivatives, reflecting the impact of an increase in commodity prices.

Both transfers into level 3 derivatives and transfers out of level 3 derivatives during the nine months ended September 2017 were not material.

Three Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives of $154 million (reflecting $17 million of realized gains and $171 million of unrealized losses) for the three months ended September 2016 included losses of $16 million and $138 million reported in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions,” respectively.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 derivatives for the three months ended September 2016 were primarily attributable to losses on certain equity derivatives reflecting the impact of an increase in equity prices, and losses on certain interest rate derivatives reflecting the impact of a decrease in interest rates.

Transfers into level 3 derivatives during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain credit derivative assets from level 2, principally due to unobservable credit spread inputs becoming significant to the net risk of certain portfolios.

Transfers out of level 3 derivatives during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain commodity derivative liabilities to level 2, principally due to unobservable volatility inputs no longer being significant to the valuation of these derivatives and transfers of certain equity derivative assets to level 2, primarily due to increased transparency of unobservable correlation and volatility inputs used to value these derivatives.

Nine Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized gains on level 3 derivatives of $510 million (reflecting $110 million of realized losses and $620 million of unrealized gains) for the nine months ended September 2016 included gains/(losses) of $686 million and $(176) million reported in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions,” respectively.

The net unrealized gains on level 3 derivatives for the nine months ended September 2016 were primarily attributable to gains on certain credit and interest rate derivatives, principally reflecting the impact of a decrease in interest rates.

Transfers into level 3 derivatives during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain interest rate derivative assets from level 2, principally due to reduced transparency of certain unobservable inputs used to value these derivatives, and transfers of certain credit derivative assets from level 2 primarily due to unobservable credit spread inputs becoming significant to the net risk of certain portfolios.

Transfers out of level 3 derivatives during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain commodity derivative liabilities to level 2, principally due to unobservable volatility inputs no longer being significant to the valuation of these derivatives.

OTC Derivatives

The table below presents the fair values of OTC derivative assets and liabilities by tenor and major product type.

$ in millions	Less than 1 Year		1 - 5 Years		Greater than 5 Years		Total
As of September 2017
Assets
Interest rates	$  4,086		$16,288		$55,464		$  75,838
Credit	1,309		3,554		3,948		8,811
Currencies	14,652		6,158		8,454		29,264
Commodities	2,648		1,596		191		4,435
Equities	3,394		6,659		1,471		11,524
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,426	)	(4,746	)	(3,082	)	(11,254	)
Subtotal	$22,663		$29,509		$66,446		$118,618
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,778	)
Cash collateral netting							(54,798	)
Total							$  46,042
Liabilities
Interest rates	$  5,347		$  9,276		$31,772		$  46,395
Credit	2,020		3,650		1,347		7,017
Currencies	13,124		6,998		4,542		24,664
Commodities	2,340		1,767		2,476		6,583
Equities	7,335		5,680		3,213		16,228
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,426	)	(4,746	)	(3,082	)	(11,254	)
Subtotal	$26,740		$22,625		$40,268		$  89,633
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,778	)
Cash collateral netting							(35,683	)
Total							$  36,172
As of December 2016
Assets
Interest rates	$  5,845		$18,376		$79,507		$103,728
Credit	1,763		2,695		4,889		9,347
Currencies	18,344		8,292		8,428		35,064
Commodities	3,273		1,415		179		4,867
Equities	3,141		9,249		1,341		13,731
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,543	)	(5,550	)	(3,794	)	(12,887	)
Subtotal	$28,823		$34,477		$90,550		$153,850
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,396	)
Cash collateral netting							(85,329	)
Total							$  51,125
Liabilities
Interest rates	$  5,679		$10,814		$38,812		$  55,305
Credit	2,060		3,328		1,167		6,555
Currencies	14,720		9,771		5,879		30,370
Commodities	2,546		1,555		2,315		6,416
Equities	7,000		10,426		2,614		20,040
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,543	)	(5,550	)	(3,794	)	(12,887	)
Subtotal	$28,462		$30,344		$46,993		$105,799
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,396	)
Cash collateral netting							(42,986	)
Total							$  45,417

In the table above:

• Tenor is based on expected duration for mortgage-related credit derivatives and generally on remaining contractual maturity for other derivatives.

• Counterparty netting within the same product type and tenor category is included within such product type and tenor category.

• Counterparty netting across product types within the same tenor category is included in counterparty netting in tenors. Where the counterparty netting is across tenor categories, the netting is included in cross-tenor counterparty netting.

Credit Derivatives

The firm enters into a broad array of credit derivatives in locations around the world to facilitate client transactions and to manage the credit risk associated with market-making and investing and lending activities. Credit derivatives are actively managed based on the firm’s net risk position.

Credit derivatives are generally individually negotiated contracts and can have various settlement and payment conventions. Credit events include failure to pay, bankruptcy, acceleration of indebtedness, restructuring, repudiation and dissolution of the reference entity.

The firm enters into the following types of credit derivatives:

• Credit Default Swaps. Single-name credit default swaps protect the buyer against the loss of principal on one or more bonds, loans or mortgages (reference obligations) in the event the issuer (reference entity) of the reference obligations suffers a credit event. The buyer of protection pays an initial or periodic premium to the seller and receives protection for the period of the contract. If there is no credit event, as defined in the contract, the seller of protection makes no payments to the buyer of protection. However, if a credit event occurs, the seller of protection is required to make a payment to the buyer of protection, which is calculated in accordance with the terms of the contract.

• Credit Options. In a credit option, the option writer assumes the obligation to purchase or sell a reference obligation at a specified price or credit spread. The option purchaser buys the right, but does not assume the obligation, to sell the reference obligation to, or purchase it from, the option writer. The payments on credit options depend either on a particular credit spread or the price of the reference obligation.

• Credit Indices, Baskets and Tranches. Credit derivatives may reference a basket of single-name credit default swaps or a broad-based index. If a credit event occurs in one of the underlying reference obligations, the protection seller pays the protection buyer. The payment is typically a pro-rata portion of the transaction’s total notional amount based on the underlying defaulted reference obligation. In certain transactions, the credit risk of a basket or index is separated into various portions (tranches), each having different levels of subordination. The most junior tranches cover initial defaults and once losses exceed the notional amount of these junior tranches, any excess loss is covered by the next most senior tranche in the capital structure.

• Total Return Swaps. A total return swap transfers the risks relating to economic performance of a reference obligation from the protection buyer to the protection seller. Typically, the protection buyer receives from the protection seller a floating rate of interest and protection against any reduction in fair value of the reference obligation, and in return the protection seller receives the cash flows associated with the reference obligation, plus any increase in the fair value of the reference obligation.

The firm economically hedges its exposure to written credit derivatives primarily by entering into offsetting purchased credit derivatives with identical underliers. Substantially all of the firm’s purchased credit derivative transactions are with financial institutions and are subject to stringent collateral thresholds. In addition, upon the occurrence of a specified trigger event, the firm may take possession of the reference obligations underlying a particular written credit derivative, and consequently may, upon liquidation of the reference obligations, recover amounts on the underlying reference obligations in the event of default.

As of September 2017, written and purchased credit derivatives had total gross notional amounts of $670.14 billion and $727.59 billion, respectively, for total net notional purchased protection of $57.45 billion. As of December 2016, written and purchased credit derivatives had total gross notional amounts of $690.47 billion and $733.98 billion, respectively, for total net notional purchased protection of $43.51 billion. Substantially all of the firm’s written and purchased credit derivatives are credit default swaps.

The table below presents certain information about credit derivatives.

	Credit Spread on Underlier (basis points)
$ in millions		0 - 250	251 - 500		501 - 1,000		Greater than 1,000		Total
As of September 2017
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivatives by Tenor
Less than 1 year		$208,398	$  6,880		$     731		$  5,048		$221,057
1 - 5 years		327,617	10,426		7,711		7,961		353,715
Greater than 5 years		86,151	5,518		2,578		1,118		95,365
Total		$622,166	$22,824		$11,020		$14,127		$670,137
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives
Offsetting		$537,389	$17,554		$  9,831		$12,257		$577,031
Other		136,997	9,672		2,024		1,867		150,560
Fair Value of Written Credit Derivatives
Asset		$  14,519	$     732		$     229		$     164		$  15,644
Liability		1,614	452		810		4,370		7,246
Net asset/(liability)		$  12,905	$     280		$    (581	)	$ (4,206	)	$    8,398
As of December 2016
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivatives by Tenor
Less than 1 year		$207,727	$  5,819		$  1,016		$  8,629		$223,191
1 - 5 years		375,208	17,255		8,643		7,986		409,092
Greater than 5 years		52,977	3,928		1,045		233		58,183
Total		$635,912	$27,002		$10,704		$16,848		$690,466
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives
Offsetting		$558,305	$20,588		$10,133		$15,186		$604,212
Other		119,509	7,712		1,098		1,446		129,765
Fair Value of Written Credit Derivatives
Asset		$  13,919	$     606		$     187		$       45		$  14,757
Liability		2,436	902		809		5,686		9,833
Net asset/(liability)		$  11,483	$    (296	)	$    (622	)	$ (5,641	)	$    4,924

In the table above:

• Fair values exclude the effects of both netting of receivable balances with payable balances under enforceable netting agreements, and netting of cash received or posted under enforceable credit support agreements, and therefore are not representative of the firm’s credit exposure.

• Tenor is based on expected duration for mortgage-related credit derivatives and on remaining contractual maturity for other credit derivatives.

• The credit spread on the underlier, together with the tenor of the contract, are indicators of payment/performance risk. The firm is less likely to pay or otherwise be required to perform where the credit spread and the tenor are lower.

• Offsetting purchased credit derivatives represent the notional amount of purchased credit derivatives that economically hedge written credit derivatives with identical underliers and are included in offsetting.

• Other purchased credit derivatives represent the notional amount of all other purchased credit derivatives not included in offsetting.

Impact of Credit Spreads on Derivatives

On an ongoing basis, the firm realizes gains or losses relating to changes in credit risk through the unwind of derivative contracts and changes in credit mitigants.

The net gain, including hedges, attributable to the impact of changes in credit exposure and credit spreads (counterparty and the firm’s) on derivatives was $32 million and $44 million for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $51 million and $155 million for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively.

Bifurcated Embedded Derivatives

The table below presents the fair value and the notional amount of derivatives that have been bifurcated from their related borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Fair value of assets		$   893	$   676
Fair value of liabilities		1,053	864
Net liability		$   160	$   188
Notional amount		$9,717	$8,726

In the table above, these derivatives, which are recorded at fair value, primarily consist of interest rate, equity and commodity products and are included in “Unsecured short-term borrowings” and “Unsecured long-term borrowings” with the related borrowings. See Note 8 for further information.

Derivatives with Credit-Related Contingent Features

Certain of the firm’s derivatives have been transacted under bilateral agreements with counterparties who may require the firm to post collateral or terminate the transactions based on changes in the firm’s credit ratings. The firm assesses the impact of these bilateral agreements by determining the collateral or termination payments that would occur assuming a downgrade by all rating agencies. A downgrade by any one rating agency, depending on the agency’s relative ratings of the firm at the time of the downgrade, may have an impact which is comparable to the impact of a downgrade by all rating agencies.

The table below presents the aggregate fair value of net derivative liabilities under such agreements (excluding application of collateral posted to reduce these liabilities), the related aggregate fair value of the assets posted as collateral and the additional collateral or termination payments that could have been called by counterparties in the event of a one-notch and two-notch downgrade in the firm’s credit ratings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Net derivative liabilities under bilateral agreements		$27,290	$32,927
Collateral posted		$23,416	$27,840
Additional collateral or termination payments:
One-notch downgrade		$     272	$     677
Two-notch downgrade		$  1,374	$  2,216

Hedge Accounting

The firm applies hedge accounting for (i) certain interest rate swaps used to manage the interest rate exposure of certain fixed-rate unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings and certain fixed-rate certificates of deposit and (ii) certain foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency-denominated debt used to manage foreign currency exposures on the firm’s net investment in certain non-U.S. operations.

To qualify for hedge accounting, the hedging instrument must be highly effective at reducing the risk from the exposure being hedged. Additionally, the firm must formally document the hedging relationship at inception and test the hedging relationship at least on a quarterly basis to ensure the hedging instrument continues to be highly effective over the life of the hedging relationship.

Fair Value Hedges

The firm designates certain interest rate swaps as fair value hedges. These interest rate swaps hedge changes in fair value attributable to the designated benchmark interest rate (e.g., London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or Overnight Index Swap Rate), effectively converting a substantial portion of fixed-rate obligations into floating-rate obligations.

The firm applies a statistical method that utilizes regression analysis when assessing the effectiveness of its fair value hedging relationships in achieving offsetting changes in the fair values of the hedging instrument and the risk being hedged (i.e., interest rate risk). An interest rate swap is considered highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value attributable to changes in the hedged risk when the regression analysis results in a coefficient of determination of 80% or greater and a slope between 80% and 125%.

For qualifying fair value hedges, gains or losses on derivatives are included in “Interest expense.” The change in fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk being hedged is reported as an adjustment to its carrying value and is subsequently amortized into interest expense over its remaining life. Gains or losses resulting from hedge ineffectiveness are included in “Interest expense.” When a derivative is no longer designated as a hedge, any remaining difference between the carrying value and par value of the hedged item is amortized to interest expense over the remaining life of the hedged item using the effective interest method. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

The table below presents the gains/(losses) from interest rate derivatives accounted for as hedges, the related hedged borrowings and deposits, and the hedge ineffectiveness on these derivatives, which primarily consists of amortization of prepaid credit spreads resulting from the passage of time.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Interest rate hedges		$(518	)	$(984	)		$(1,944	)	$ 1,865
Hedged borrowings and deposits		379		823			1,433		(2,169	)
Hedge ineffectiveness		$(139	)	$(161	)		$   (511	)	$   (304	)

Net Investment Hedges

The firm seeks to reduce the impact of fluctuations in foreign exchange rates on its net investments in certain non-U.S. operations through the use of foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency-denominated debt. For foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedges, the effectiveness of the hedge is assessed based on the overall changes in the fair value of the forward contracts (i.e., based on changes in forward rates). For foreign currency-denominated debt designated as a hedge, the effectiveness of the hedge is assessed based on changes in spot rates.

For qualifying net investment hedges, the gains or losses on the hedging instruments, to the extent effective, are included in “Currency translation.”

The table below presents the gains/(losses) from net investment hedging.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Hedges:
Foreign currency forward contract		$(192	)	$(74	)		$(770	)	$(382	)
Foreign currency-denominated debt		$    (2	)	$(47	)		$  (70	)	$(408	)

The gain/(loss) related to ineffectiveness was not material for both the three and nine months ended September 2017 or September 2016. The net gain/(loss) reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income for the three months ended September 2017 was not material and for the nine months ended September 2017 was $39 million (reflecting a gain of $223 million related to the hedges and a loss of $184 million on the related net investments in non-U.S. operations). The gain/(loss) reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income was not material for both the three and nine months ended September 2016.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had designated $2.04 billion and $1.69 billion, respectively, of foreign currency-denominated debt, included in “Unsecured long-term borrowings” and “Unsecured short-term borrowings,” as hedges of net investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries.

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Fair Value Option

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Option

Note 8.

Fair Value Option

Other Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities at Fair Value

In addition to all cash and derivative instruments included in “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased,” the firm accounts for certain of its other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value, substantially all of which are accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. The primary reasons for electing the fair value option are to:

• Reflect economic events in earnings on a timely basis;

• Mitigate volatility in earnings from using different measurement attributes (e.g., transfers of financial instruments owned accounted for as financings are recorded at fair value, whereas the related secured financing would be recorded on an accrual basis absent electing the fair value option); and

• Address simplification and cost-benefit considerations (e.g., accounting for hybrid financial instruments at fair value in their entirety versus bifurcation of embedded derivatives and hedge accounting for debt hosts).

Hybrid financial instruments are instruments that contain bifurcatable embedded derivatives and do not require settlement by physical delivery of nonfinancial assets (e.g., physical commodities). If the firm elects to bifurcate the embedded derivative from the associated debt, the derivative is accounted for at fair value and the host contract is accounted for at amortized cost, adjusted for the effective portion of any fair value hedges. If the firm does not elect to bifurcate, the entire hybrid financial instrument is accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

Other financial assets and financial liabilities accounted for at fair value under the fair value option include:

• Repurchase agreements and substantially all resale agreements;

• Securities borrowed and loaned within Fixed Income, Currency and Commodities Client Execution (FICC Client Execution);

• Substantially all other secured financings, including transfers of assets accounted for as financings rather than sales;

• Certain unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings, substantially all of which are hybrid financial instruments;

• Certain receivables from customers and counterparties, including transfers of assets accounted for as secured loans rather than purchases and certain margin loans;

• Certain time deposits issued by the firm’s bank subsidiaries (deposits with no stated maturity are not eligible for a fair value option election), including structured certificates of deposit, which are hybrid financial instruments; and

• Certain subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs.

Fair Value of Other Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities by Level

The table below presents, by level within the fair value hierarchy, other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value, substantially all of which are accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

$ in millions	Level 1	Level 2		Level 3		Total
As of September 2017
Assets
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	$  –	$ 112,108		$          –		$ 112,108
Securities borrowed	–	74,121		–		74,121
Receivables from customers and counterparties	–	3,518		1		3,519
Total	$  –	$ 189,747		$          1		$ 189,748
Liabilities
Deposits	$  –	$  (20,960	)	$  (2,792	)	$  (23,752	)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	–	(86,380	)	(44	)	(86,424	)
Securities loaned	–	(5,038	)	–		(5,038	)
Other secured financings	–	(21,850	)	(453	)	(22,303	)
Unsecured borrowings:
Short-term	–	(13,880	)	(3,875	)	(17,755	)
Long-term	–	(28,425	)	(7,536	)	(35,961	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	–	(208	)	(53	)	(261	)
Total	$  –	$(176,741	)	$(14,753	)	$(191,494	)
As of December 2016
Assets
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	$  –	$ 116,077		$          –		$ 116,077
Securities borrowed	–	82,398		–		82,398
Receivables from customers and counterparties	–	3,211		55		3,266
Total	$  –	$ 201,686		$        55		$ 201,741
Liabilities
Deposits	$  –	$  (10,609	)	$  (3,173	)	$  (13,782	)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	–	(71,750	)	(66	)	(71,816	)
Securities loaned	–	(2,647	)	–		(2,647	)
Other secured financings	–	(20,516	)	(557	)	(21,073	)
Unsecured borrowings:
Short-term	–	(10,896	)	(3,896	)	(14,792	)
Long-term	–	(22,185	)	(7,225	)	(29,410	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	–	(559	)	(62	)	(621	)
Total	$  –	$(139,162	)	$(14,979	)	$(154,141	)

In the table above, other financial assets are shown as positive amounts and other financial liabilities are shown as negative amounts.

Valuation Techniques and Significant Inputs

Other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value are generally valued based on discounted cash flow techniques, which incorporate inputs with reasonable levels of price transparency, and are generally classified in level 2 because the inputs are observable. Valuation adjustments may be made for liquidity and for counterparty and the firm’s credit quality.

See below for information about the significant inputs used to value other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value, including the ranges of significant unobservable inputs used to value the level 3 instruments within these categories. These ranges represent the significant unobservable inputs that were used in the valuation of each type of other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value. The ranges and weighted averages of these inputs are not representative of the appropriate inputs to use when calculating the fair value of any one instrument. For example, the highest yield presented below for other secured financings is appropriate for valuing a specific agreement in that category but may not be appropriate for valuing any other agreements in that category. Accordingly, the ranges of inputs presented below do not represent uncertainty in, or possible ranges of, fair value measurements of the firm’s level 3 other financial assets and financial liabilities.

Resale and Repurchase Agreements and Securities Borrowed and Loaned. The significant inputs to the valuation of resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned are funding spreads, the amount and timing of expected future cash flows and interest rates. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had no level 3 resale agreements, securities borrowed or securities loaned. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm’s level 3 repurchase agreements were not material. See Note 10 for further information about collateralized agreements and financings.

Other Secured Financings. The significant inputs to the valuation of other secured financings at fair value are the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, interest rates, funding spreads, the fair value of the collateral delivered by the firm (which is determined using the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, market prices, market yields and recovery assumptions) and the frequency of additional collateral calls. The ranges of significant unobservable inputs used to value level 3 other secured financings are as follows:

As of September 2017:

• Yield: 0.5% to 10.0% (weighted average: 3.1%)

• Duration: 0.3 to 11.3 years (weighted average: 2.4 years)

As of December 2016:

• Yield: 0.4% to 16.6% (weighted average: 3.5%)

• Duration: 0.1 to 5.7 years (weighted average: 2.3 years)

Generally, increases in funding spreads, yield or duration, in isolation, would result in a lower fair value measurement. Due to the distinctive nature of each of the firm’s level 3 other secured financings, the interrelationship of inputs is not necessarily uniform across such financings. See Note 10 for further information about collateralized agreements and financings.

Unsecured Short-term and Long-term Borrowings. The significant inputs to the valuation of unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings at fair value are the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, interest rates, the credit spreads of the firm, as well as commodity prices in the case of prepaid commodity transactions. The inputs used to value the embedded derivative component of hybrid financial instruments are consistent with the inputs used to value the firm’s other derivative instruments. See Note 7 for further information about derivatives. See Notes 15 and 16 for further information about unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings, respectively.

Certain of the firm’s unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings are classified in level 3, substantially all of which are hybrid financial instruments. As the significant unobservable inputs used to value hybrid financial instruments primarily relate to the embedded derivative component of these borrowings, these inputs are incorporated in the firm’s derivative disclosures related to unobservable inputs in Note 7.

Receivables from Customers and Counterparties. Receivables from customers and counterparties at fair value primarily consist of transfers of assets accounted for as secured loans rather than purchases. The significant inputs to the valuation of such receivables are commodity prices, interest rates, the amount and timing of expected future cash flows and funding spreads. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm’s level 3 receivables from customers and counterparties were not material.

Deposits. The significant inputs to the valuation of time deposits are interest rates and the amount and timing of future cash flows. The inputs used to value the embedded derivative component of hybrid financial instruments are consistent with the inputs used to value the firm’s other derivative instruments. See Note 7 for further information about derivatives and Note 14 for further information about deposits.

The firm’s deposits that are classified in level 3 are hybrid financial instruments. As the significant unobservable inputs used to value hybrid financial instruments primarily relate to the embedded derivative component of these deposits, these inputs are incorporated in the firm’s derivative disclosures related to unobservable inputs in Note 7.

Transfers Between Levels of the Fair Value Hierarchy

Transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy are reported at the beginning of the reporting period in which they occur. There were no transfers of other financial assets and financial liabilities between level 1 and level 2 during both the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016. See “Level 3 Rollforward” below for information about transfers between level 2 and level 3.

Level 3 Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for level 3 other financial assets and financial liabilities accounted for at fair value.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total other financial assets
Beginning balance		$          1		$        48			$        55		$        45
Net realized gains/(losses)		–		1			–		2
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		–		1			(3	)	1
Purchases		–		6			1		10
Settlements		–		(1	)		(52	)	(3	)
Ending balance		$          1		$        55			$          1		$        55
Total other financial liabilities
Beginning balance		$(15,863	)	$(15,089	)		$(14,979	)	$(11,244	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(79	)	(23	)		(212	)	(76	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(249	)	(306	)		(821	)	(335	)
Purchases		–		(3	)		(3	)	(10	)
Sales		–		–			–		6
Issuances		(2,352	)	(2,150	)		(6,479	)	(8,996	)
Settlements		1,873		1,787			5,111		5,192
Transfers into level 3		(119	)	(230	)		(631	)	(803	)
Transfers out of level 3		2,036		886			3,261		1,138
Ending balance		$(14,753	)	$(15,128	)		$(14,753	)	$(15,128	)

In the table above:

• Changes in fair value are presented for all other financial assets and financial liabilities that are classified in level 3 as of the end of the period.

• Net unrealized gains/(losses) relate to instruments that were still held at period-end.

• If a financial asset or financial liability was transferred to level 3 during a reporting period, its entire gain or loss for the period is classified in level 3. For level 3 other financial assets, increases are shown as positive amounts, while decreases are shown as negative amounts. For level 3 other financial liabilities, increases are shown as negative amounts, while decreases are shown as positive amounts.

• Level 3 other financial assets and financial liabilities are frequently economically hedged with cash instruments and derivatives. Accordingly, gains or losses that are classified in level 3 can be partially offset by gains or losses attributable to level 1, 2 or 3 cash instruments or derivatives. As a result, gains or losses included in the level 3 rollforward below do not necessarily represent the overall impact on the firm’s results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.

The table below disaggregates, by the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition line items, the information for other financial liabilities included in the summary table above.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Deposits
Beginning balance		$(3,579	)	$(2,936	)		$(3,173	)	$(2,215	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(1	)	(7	)		(5	)	(20	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(57	)	–			(160	)	(208	)
Issuances		(169	)	(284	)		(513	)	(797	)
Settlements		189		9			225		22
Transfers out of level 3		825		–			834		–
Ending balance		$(2,792	)	$(3,218	)		$(2,792	)	$(3,218	)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Beginning balance		$     (61	)	$     (76	)		$     (66	)	$     (71	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		–		–			(1	)	(6	)
Settlements		17		1			23		2
Ending balance		$     (44	)	$     (75	)		$     (44	)	$     (75	)
Other secured financings
Beginning balance		$   (718	)	$   (688	)		$   (557	)	$   (549	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		1		(1	)		10		(4	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(4	)	(9	)		(26	)	(33	)
Purchases		–		(3	)		(3	)	(8	)
Sales		–		–			–		6
Issuances		(4	)	(1	)		(21	)	(141	)
Settlements		44		191			134		228
Transfers into level 3		(2	)	(106	)		(221	)	(116	)
Transfers out of level 3		230		1			231		1
Ending balance		$   (453	)	$   (616	)		$   (453	)	$   (616	)
Unsecured short-term borrowings
Beginning balance		$(3,735	)	$(4,654	)		$(3,896	)	$(4,133	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(77	)	–			(188	)	(33	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(86	)	(218	)		(206	)	(98	)
Issuances		(1,229	)	(692	)		(3,535	)	(3,327	)
Settlements		1,027		1,208			2,756		3,522
Transfers into level 3		(30	)	(76	)		(113	)	(427	)
Transfers out of level 3		255		760			1,307		824
Ending balance		$(3,875	)	$(3,672	)		$(3,875	)	$(3,672	)
Unsecured long-term borrowings
Beginning balance		$(7,706	)	$(6,626	)		$(7,225	)	$(4,224	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(7	)	(19	)		(43	)	(27	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(113	)	(88	)		(437	)	21
Purchases		–		–			–		(2	)
Issuances		(945	)	(1,160	)		(2,396	)	(4,676	)
Settlements		596		378			1,973		1,417
Transfers into level 3		(87	)	(48	)		(297	)	(260	)
Transfers out of level 3		726		125			889		313
Ending balance		$(7,536	)	$(7,438	)		$(7,536	)	$(7,438	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses
Beginning balance		$     (64	)	$   (109	)		$     (62	)	$     (52	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		5		4			14		8
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		11		9			9		(11	)
Issuances		(5	)	(13	)		(14	)	(55	)
Settlements		–		–			–		1
Ending balance		$     (53	)	$   (109	)		$     (53	)	$   (109	)

Level 3 Rollforward Commentary

Three Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities of $328 million (reflecting $79 million of net realized losses and $249 million of net unrealized losses) for the three months ended September 2017 included losses of $305 million, $1 million and $2 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest expense,” respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings, and losses of $20 million reported in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities for the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected losses on certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings, principally due to an increase in global equity prices.

Transfers into level 3 of other financial liabilities during the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term borrowings from level 2, principally due to certain unobservable volatility inputs being significant to the valuation of these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 of other financial liabilities during the three months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in deposits to level 2, principally due to increased transparency of correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments and transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term borrowings to level 2, principally due to increased transparency of certain inputs used to value these instruments as a result of market transactions in similar instruments.

Nine Months Ended September 2017. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities of $1.03 billion (reflecting $212 million of net realized losses and $821 million of net unrealized losses) for the nine months ended September 2017 included losses of $893 million, $23 million and $11 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest expense,” respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings, and losses of $106 million reported in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities for the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected losses on certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term borrowings, principally due to an increase in global equity prices, the impact of tighter credit spreads and changes in interest rates, and certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to an increase in global equity prices and changes in foreign exchange rates.

Transfers into level 3 of other financial liabilities during the nine months ended September 2017 reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings from level 2, principally due to reduced transparency of certain inputs used to value these instruments and transfers of certain other secured financings from level 2, principally due to reduced transparency of certain yield inputs used to value these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 of other financial liabilities during the nine months ended September 2017 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings to level 2, principally due to increased transparency of certain inputs used to value these instruments as a result of market transactions in similar instruments and transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in deposits to level 2, principally due to increased transparency of correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

Three Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities of $329 million (reflecting $23 million of net realized losses and $306 million of net unrealized losses) for the three months ended September 2016 included losses of approximately $302 million, $18 million and $2 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest expense,” respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings, and losses of $7 million reported in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities for the three months ended September 2016 primarily consisted of losses on certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to changes in foreign exchange rates and an increase in global equity prices.

Transfers into level 3 of other financial liabilities during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in other secured financings, principally due to reduced transparency of certain yield inputs used to value these instruments and transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to reduced transparency of certain correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 of other financial liabilities during the three months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to increased transparency of certain inputs, including correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

Nine Months Ended September 2016. The net realized and unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities of $411 million (reflecting $76 million of net realized losses and $335 million of net unrealized losses) for the nine months ended September 2016 included losses of approximately $332 million, $32 million and $7 million reported in “Market making,” “Other principal transactions” and “Interest expense,” respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings, and losses of $40 million reported in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

The net unrealized losses on level 3 other financial liabilities for the nine months ended September 2016 primarily consisted of losses on certain hybrid financial instruments included in deposits, principally due to the impact of an increase in the market value of the underlying assets.

Transfers into level 3 of other financial liabilities during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term and long-term borrowings, principally due to reduced transparency of certain correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

Transfers out of level 3 of other financial liabilities during the nine months ended September 2016 primarily reflected transfers of certain hybrid financial instruments included in unsecured short-term borrowings, principally due to increased transparency of certain inputs, including correlation and volatility inputs used to value these instruments.

Gains and Losses on Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Accounted for at Fair Value Under the Fair Value Option

The table below presents the gains and losses recognized in earnings as a result of the firm electing to apply the fair value option to certain financial assets and financial liabilities.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Unsecured short-term borrowings		$   (819	)	$(832	)		$(2,036	)	$   (773	)
Unsecured long-term borrowings		(448	)	(19	)		(1,121	)	(608	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses		16		1			204		(86	)
Other		(166	)	(85	)		(445	)	(629	)
Total		$(1,417	)	$(935	)		$(3,398	)	$(2,096	)

In the table above:

• Gains/(losses) are included in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions.”

• Gains/(losses) exclude contractual interest, which is included in “Interest income” and “Interest expense,” for all instruments other than hybrid financial instruments. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

• Gains/(losses) included in unsecured short-term borrowings are substantially all related to the embedded derivative component of hybrid financial instruments for both the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016. Gains/(losses) included in unsecured long-term borrowings are primarily related to the embedded derivative component of hybrid financial instruments for both the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016. These gains and losses would have been recognized under other U.S. GAAP even if the firm had not elected to account for the entire hybrid financial instrument at fair value.

• Other liabilities and accrued expenses includes gains/(losses) on certain subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs.

• Other primarily consists of gains/(losses) on receivables from customers and counterparties, deposits and other secured financings.

Excluding the gains and losses on the instruments accounted for under the fair value option described above, “Market making” and “Other principal transactions” primarily represent gains and losses on “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.”

Loans and Lending Commitments

The table below presents the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate contractual principal amount for loans and long-term receivables for which the fair value option was elected.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Performing loans and long-term receivables
Aggregate contractual principal in excess of fair value		$   608	$   478
Loans on nonaccrual status and/or more than 90 days past due
Aggregate contractual principal in excess of fair value		$5,385	$8,101
Aggregate fair value of loans on nonaccrual status and/or more than 90 days past due		$2,220	$2,138

In the table above, the aggregate contractual principal amount of loans on non-accrual status and/or more than 90 days past due (which excludes loans carried at zero fair value and considered uncollectible) exceeds the related fair value primarily because the firm regularly purchases loans, such as distressed loans, at values significantly below the contractual principal amounts.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the fair value of unfunded lending commitments for which the fair value option was elected was a liability of $29 million and $80 million, respectively, and the related total contractual amount of these lending commitments was $7.03 billion and $7.19 billion, respectively. See Note 18 for further information about lending commitments.

Long-Term Debt Instruments

The difference between the aggregate contractual principal amount and the related fair value of long-term other secured financings for which the fair value option was elected was not material as of September 2017, and the aggregate contractual principal amount exceeded the related fair value by $361 million as of December 2016. The aggregate contractual principal amount of unsecured long-term borrowings for which the fair value option was elected exceeded the related fair value by $1.38 billion and $1.56 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. The amounts above include both principal- and non-principal-protected long-term borrowings.

Impact of Credit Spreads on Loans and Lending Commitments

The estimated net gain attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit spreads on loans and lending commitments for which the fair value option was elected was $75 million and $157 million for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $249 million and $270 million for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively. The firm generally calculates the fair value of loans and lending commitments for which the fair value option is elected by discounting future cash flows at a rate which incorporates the instrument-specific credit spreads. For floating-rate loans and lending commitments, substantially all changes in fair value are attributable to changes in instrument-specific credit spreads, whereas for fixed-rate loans and lending commitments, changes in fair value are also attributable to changes in interest rates.

Debt Valuation Adjustment

The firm calculates the fair value of financial liabilities for which the fair value option is elected by discounting future cash flows at a rate which incorporates the firm’s credit spreads.

The table below presents details about the net DVA losses on such financial liabilities.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
DVA (pre-tax)		$(161	)	$(13	)		$(804	)	$(116	)
DVA (net of tax)		$(104	)	$(13	)		$(518	)	$  (75	)

In the table above:

• DVA (net of tax) is included in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

• The gains/(losses) reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive loss upon extinguishment of such financial liabilities were not material for both the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016.

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Loans Receivable

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Receivables [Abstract]

Loans Receivable

Note 9.

Loans Receivable

Loans receivable consists of loans held for investment that are accounted for at amortized cost net of allowance for loan losses. Interest on loans receivable is recognized over the life of the loan and is recorded on an accrual basis.

The table below presents details about loans receivable.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Corporate loans		$30,422		$24,837
Loans to private wealth management clients		14,441		13,828
Loans backed by commercial real estate		7,094		4,761
Loans backed by residential real estate		5,327		3,865
Other loans		4,939		2,890
Total loans receivable, gross		62,223		50,181
Allowance for loan losses		(737	)	(509	)
Total loans receivable		$61,486		$49,672

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the fair value of loans receivable was $61.84 billion and $49.80 billion, respectively. As of September 2017, had these loans been carried at fair value and included in the fair value hierarchy, $35.53 billion and $26.31 billion would have been classified in level 2 and level 3, respectively. As of December 2016, had these loans been carried at fair value and included in the fair value hierarchy, $28.40 billion and $21.40 billion would have been classified in level 2 and level 3, respectively.

The firm also extends lending commitments that are held for investment and accounted for on an accrual basis. As of September 2017 and December 2016, such lending commitments were $105.00 billion and $98.05 billion, respectively. Substantially all of these commitments were extended to corporate borrowers and were primarily related to the firm’s relationship lending activities. The carrying value and the estimated fair value of such lending commitments were liabilities of $376 million and $2.29 billion, respectively, as of September 2017, and $327 million and $2.55 billion, respectively, as of December 2016. As of September 2017, had these lending commitments been carried at fair value and included in the fair value hierarchy, $799 million and $1.49 billion would have been classified in level 2 and level 3, respectively. As of December 2016, had these lending commitments been carried at fair value and included in the fair value hierarchy, $1.10 billion and $1.45 billion would have been classified in level 2 and level 3, respectively.

The following is a description of the captions in the table above:

• Corporate Loans. Corporate loans includes term loans, revolving lines of credit, letter of credit facilities and bridge loans, and are principally used for operating liquidity and general corporate purposes, or in connection with acquisitions. Corporate loans may be secured or unsecured, depending on the loan purpose, the risk profile of the borrower and other factors. Loans receivable related to the firm’s relationship lending activities are reported within corporate loans.

• Loans to Private Wealth Management Clients. Loans to private wealth management clients includes loans used by clients to finance private asset purchases, employ leverage for strategic investments in real or financial assets, bridge cash flow timing gaps or provide liquidity for other needs. Such loans are primarily secured by securities or other assets.

• Loans Backed by Commercial Real Estate. Loans backed by commercial real estate includes loans extended by the firm that are directly or indirectly secured by hotels, retail stores, multifamily housing complexes and commercial and industrial properties. Loans backed by commercial real estate also includes loans purchased by the firm.

• Loans Backed by Residential Real Estate. Loans backed by residential real estate includes loans extended by the firm to clients who warehouse assets that are directly or indirectly secured by residential real estate. Loans backed by residential real estate also includes loans purchased by the firm.

• Other Loans. Other loans primarily includes loans extended to clients who warehouse assets that are directly or indirectly secured by consumer loans, including auto loans, and private student loans and other assets. Other loans also includes unsecured loans to individuals made through the firm’s online platform.

Purchased Credit Impaired (PCI) Loans

Loans receivable includes PCI loans, which represent acquired loans or pools of loans with evidence of credit deterioration subsequent to their origination and where it is probable, at acquisition, that the firm will not be able to collect all contractually required payments. Loans acquired within the same reporting period, which have at least two common risk characteristics, one of which relates to their credit risk, are eligible to be pooled together and considered a single unit of account. PCI loans are initially recorded at the acquisition price and the difference between the acquisition price and the expected cash flows (accretable yield) is recognized as interest income over the life of such loans or pools of loans on an effective yield method. Expected cash flows on PCI loans are determined using various inputs and assumptions, including default rates, loss severities, recoveries, amount and timing of prepayments and other macroeconomic indicators.

The table below presents details about PCI loans.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Loans backed by commercial real estate		$1,294	$1,444
Loans backed by residential real estate		3,222	2,508
Other loans		11	18
Total gross carrying value		$4,527	$3,970
Total outstanding principal balance		$9,354	$8,515
Total accretable yield		$   622	$   526

The table below presents details about PCI loans at the time of acquisition.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Fair value		$337	$   507		$1,425	$1,364
Expected cash flows		$369	$   556		$1,579	$1,549
Contractually required cash flows		$635	$1,168		$3,443	$3,405

Credit Quality

The firm’s risk assessment process includes evaluating the credit quality of its loans receivable. For loans receivable (excluding PCI loans), the firm performs credit reviews which include initial and ongoing analyses of its borrowers. A credit review is an independent analysis of the capacity and willingness of a borrower to meet its financial obligations, resulting in an internal credit rating. The determination of internal credit ratings also incorporates assumptions with respect to the nature of and outlook for the borrower’s industry, and the economic environment. The firm also assigns a regulatory risk rating to such loans based on the definitions provided by the U.S. federal bank regulatory agencies.

The table below presents gross loans receivable (excluding PCI loans of $4.53 billion and $3.97 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, which are not assigned a credit rating equivalent) and related lending commitments by the firm’s internally determined public rating agency equivalent and by regulatory risk rating.

$ in millions	Loans	Lending Commitments	Total
Credit Rating Equivalent
As of September 2017
Investment-grade	$21,135	$  73,388	$  94,523
Non-investment-grade	36,561	31,613	68,174
Total	$57,696	$105,001	$162,697
As of December 2016
Investment-grade	$18,434	$  72,323	$  90,757
Non-investment-grade	27,777	25,722	53,499
Total	$46,211	$  98,045	$144,256
Regulatory Risk Rating
As of September 2017
Non-criticized/pass	$53,784	$100,155	$153,939
Criticized	3,912	4,846	8,758
Total	$57,696	$105,001	$162,697
As of December 2016
Non-criticized/pass	$43,146	$  94,966	$138,112
Criticized	3,065	3,079	6,144
Total	$46,211	$  98,045	$144,256

In the table above, non-criticized/pass loans and lending commitments represent loans and lending commitments that are performing and/or do not demonstrate adverse characteristics that are likely to result in a credit loss.

The firm enters into economic hedges to mitigate credit risk on certain loans receivable and commercial lending commitments (both of which are held for investment) related to the firm’s relationship lending activities. Such hedges are accounted for at fair value. See Note 18 for further information about commercial lending commitments and associated hedges.

Loans receivable (excluding PCI loans) are determined to be impaired when it is probable that the firm will not be able to collect all principal and interest due under the contractual terms of the loan. At that time, loans are generally placed on non-accrual status and all accrued but uncollected interest is reversed against interest income, and interest subsequently collected is recognized on a cash basis to the extent the loan balance is deemed collectible. Otherwise, all cash received is used to reduce the outstanding loan balance. In certain circumstances, the firm may also modify the original terms of a loan agreement by granting a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. Such modifications are considered troubled debt restructurings and typically include interest rate reductions, payment extensions, and modification of loan covenants. Loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring are considered impaired and are subject to specific loan-level reserves.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the gross carrying value of impaired loans receivable (excluding PCI loans) on non-accrual status was $570 million and $404 million, respectively. As of September 2017 and December 2016, such loans included $121 million and $142 million, respectively, of corporate loans that were modified in a troubled debt restructuring. The firm did not have any lending commitments related to these loans as of September 2017. Such lending commitments were $144 million as of December 2016.

For PCI loans, the firm’s risk assessment process includes reviewing certain key metrics, such as delinquency status, collateral values, credit scores and other risk factors. When it is determined that the firm cannot reasonably estimate expected cash flows on the PCI loans or pools of loans, such loans are placed on non-accrual status.

Allowance for Losses on Loans and Lending Commitments

The firm’s allowance for loan losses consists of specific loan-level reserves, portfolio level reserves, and reserves on PCI loans as described below:

• Specific loan-level reserves are determined on loans (excluding PCI loans) that exhibit credit quality weakness and are therefore individually evaluated for impairment.

• Portfolio level reserves are determined on loans (excluding PCI loans) not deemed impaired by aggregating groups of loans with similar risk characteristics and estimating the probable loss inherent in the portfolio.

• Reserves on PCI loans are recorded when it is determined that the expected cash flows, which are reassessed on a quarterly basis, will be lower than those used to establish the current effective yield for such loans or pools of loans. If the expected cash flows are determined to be significantly higher than those used to establish the current effective yield, such increases are initially recognized as a reduction to any previously recorded allowances for loan losses and any remaining increases are recognized as interest income prospectively over the life of the loan or pools of loans as an increase to the effective yield.

The allowance for loan losses is determined using various inputs, including industry default and loss data, current macroeconomic indicators, borrower’s capacity to meet its financial obligations, borrower’s country of risk, loan seniority and collateral type. Management’s estimate of loan losses entails judgment about loan collectability at the reporting dates, and there are uncertainties inherent in those judgments. While management uses the best information available to determine this estimate, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary based on, among other things, changes in the economic environment or variances between actual results and the original assumptions used. Loans are charged off against the allowance for loan losses when deemed to be uncollectible. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of the firm’s loans receivable were evaluated for impairment at the portfolio level.

The firm also records an allowance for losses on lending commitments that are held for investment and accounted for on an accrual basis. Such allowance is determined using the same methodology as the allowance for loan losses, while also taking into consideration the probability of drawdowns or funding, and is included in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses.” As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of such lending commitments were evaluated for impairment at the portfolio level.

The table below presents changes in the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for losses on lending commitments.

$ in millions	Nine Months Ended September 2017		Year Ended December 2016
Allowance for loan losses
Beginning balance	$509		$414
Charge-offs	(63	)	(8	)
Provision	316		138
Other	(25	)	(35	)
Ending balance	$737		$509
Allowance for losses on lending commitments
Beginning balance	$212		$188
Provision	51		44
Other	(21	)	(20	)
Ending balance	$242		$212

In the table above:

• The provision for losses on loans and lending commitments is included in “Other principal transactions,” and was primarily related to corporate loans and lending commitments, and loans backed by commercial real estate.

• Other represents the reduction to the allowance related to loans and lending commitments transferred to held for sale.

• Portfolio level reserves included in the allowance for loan losses were $471 million and $370 million, as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and were primarily related to corporate loans.

• Specific loan-level reserves included in the allowance for loan losses were $145 million and $127 million, as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and were substantially all related to corporate loans.

• Reserves on PCI loans included in the allowance for loan losses were $121 million and $12 million, as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and were related to loans backed by real estate.

• As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of the allowance for losses on lending commitments were related to corporate lending commitments and were primarily determined at the portfolio level.

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Collateralized Agreements and Financings

Note 10.

Collateralized Agreements and Financings

Collateralized agreements are securities purchased under agreements to resell (resale agreements) and securities borrowed. Collateralized financings are securities sold under agreements to repurchase (repurchase agreements), securities loaned and other secured financings. The firm enters into these transactions in order to, among other things, facilitate client activities, invest excess cash, acquire securities to cover short positions and finance certain firm activities.

Collateralized agreements and financings are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis when a legal right of setoff exists. Interest on collateralized agreements and collateralized financings is recognized over the life of the transaction and included in “Interest income” and “Interest expense,” respectively. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

The table below presents the carrying value of resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Securities purchased under agreements to resell		$112,532	$116,925
Securities borrowed		$188,394	$184,600
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		$  86,424	$  71,816
Securities loaned		$  13,160	$    7,524

In the table above:

• Substantially all resale agreements and all repurchase agreements are carried at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 8 for further information about the valuation techniques and significant inputs used to determine fair value.

• As of September 2017 and December 2016, $74.12 billion and $82.40 billion of securities borrowed, and $5.04 billion and $2.65 billion of securities loaned were at fair value, respectively.

Resale and Repurchase Agreements

A resale agreement is a transaction in which the firm purchases financial instruments from a seller, typically in exchange for cash, and simultaneously enters into an agreement to resell the same or substantially the same financial instruments to the seller at a stated price plus accrued interest at a future date.

A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which the firm sells financial instruments to a buyer, typically in exchange for cash, and simultaneously enters into an agreement to repurchase the same or substantially the same financial instruments from the buyer at a stated price plus accrued interest at a future date.

Even though repurchase and resale agreements (including “repos- and reverses-to-maturity”) involve the legal transfer of ownership of financial instruments, they are accounted for as financing arrangements because they require the financial instruments to be repurchased or resold before or at the maturity of the agreement. The financial instruments purchased or sold in resale and repurchase agreements typically include U.S. government and agency, and investment-grade sovereign obligations.

The firm receives financial instruments purchased under resale agreements and makes delivery of financial instruments sold under repurchase agreements. To mitigate credit exposure, the firm monitors the market value of these financial instruments on a daily basis, and delivers or obtains additional collateral due to changes in the market value of the financial instruments, as appropriate. For resale agreements, the firm typically requires collateral with a fair value approximately equal to the carrying value of the relevant assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

Securities Borrowed and Loaned Transactions

In a securities borrowed transaction, the firm borrows securities from a counterparty in exchange for cash or securities. When the firm returns the securities, the counterparty returns the cash or securities. Interest is generally paid periodically over the life of the transaction.

In a securities loaned transaction, the firm lends securities to a counterparty in exchange for cash or securities. When the counterparty returns the securities, the firm returns the cash or securities posted as collateral. Interest is generally paid periodically over the life of the transaction.

The firm receives securities borrowed and makes delivery of securities loaned. To mitigate credit exposure, the firm monitors the market value of these securities on a daily basis, and delivers or obtains additional collateral due to changes in the market value of the securities, as appropriate. For securities borrowed transactions, the firm typically requires collateral with a fair value approximately equal to the carrying value of the securities borrowed transaction.

Securities borrowed and loaned within FICC Client Execution are recorded at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 8 for further information about securities borrowed and loaned accounted for at fair value.

Securities borrowed and loaned within Securities Services are recorded based on the amount of cash collateral advanced or received plus accrued interest. As these agreements generally can be terminated on demand, they exhibit little, if any, sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Therefore, the carrying value of such agreements approximates fair value. While these agreements are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these agreements been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, they would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Offsetting Arrangements

The table below presents the gross and net resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions, and the related amount of counterparty netting included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, as well as the amounts of counterparty netting and cash and securities collateral, not offset in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

	Assets					Liabilities
$ in millions		Resale agreements		Securities borrowed			Repurchase agreements		Securities loaned
As of September 2017
Included in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Gross carrying value		$ 192,738		$ 193,084			$166,630		$17,850
Counterparty netting		(80,206	)	(4,690	)		(80,206	)	(4,690	)
Total		112,532		188,394			86,424		13,160
Amounts not offset
Counterparty netting		(9,540	)	(5,910	)		(9,540	)	(5,910	)
Collateral		(101,643	)	(172,010	)		(73,831	)	(7,144	)
Total		$     1,349		$   10,474			$    3,053		$     106
As of December 2016
Included in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Gross carrying value		$ 173,561		$ 189,571			$128,452		$12,495
Counterparty netting		(56,636	)	(4,971	)		(56,636	)	(4,971	)
Total		116,925		184,600			71,816		7,524
Amounts not offset
Counterparty netting		(8,319	)	(4,045	)		(8,319	)	(4,045	)
Collateral		(107,148	)	(170,625	)		(62,081	)	(3,087	)
Total		$     1,458		$     9,930			$    1,416		$     392

In the table above:

• Substantially all of the gross carrying values of these arrangements are subject to enforceable netting agreements.

• Where the firm has received or posted collateral under credit support agreements, but has not yet determined such agreements are enforceable, the related collateral has not been netted.

• Amounts not offset includes counterparty netting that does not meet the criteria for netting under U.S. GAAP and the fair value of cash or securities collateral received or posted subject to enforceable credit support agreements.

Gross Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements and Securities Loaned

The table below presents the gross carrying value of repurchase agreements and securities loaned by class of collateral pledged.

$ in millions	Repurchase agreements	Securities loaned
As of September 2017
Money market instruments	$       475	$         –
U.S. government and agency obligations	75,559	–
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	69,887	2,588
Securities backed by commercial real estate	31	–
Securities backed by residential real estate	331	–
Corporate debt securities	8,870	1,008
State and municipal obligations	44	–
Other debt obligations	5	–
Equity securities	11,428	14,254
Total	$166,630	$17,850
As of December 2016
Money market instruments	$       317	$         –
U.S. government and agency obligations	47,207	115
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	56,156	1,846
Securities backed by commercial real estate	208	–
Securities backed by residential real estate	122	–
Corporate debt securities	8,297	39
State and municipal obligations	831	–
Other debt obligations	286	–
Equity securities	15,028	10,495
Total	$128,452	$12,495

The table below presents the gross carrying value of repurchase agreements and securities loaned by maturity date.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Repurchase agreements	Securities loaned
No stated maturity and overnight		$  56,286	$10,350
2 - 30 days		57,320	2,465
31 - 90 days		13,851	500
91 days - 1 year		24,673	2,545
Greater than 1 year		14,500	1,990
Total		$166,630	$17,850

In the table above:

• Repurchase agreements and securities loaned that are repayable prior to maturity at the option of the firm are reflected at their contractual maturity dates.

• Repurchase agreements and securities loaned that are redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the holder are reflected at the earliest dates such options become exercisable.

Other Secured Financings

In addition to repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions, the firm funds certain assets through the use of other secured financings and pledges financial instruments and other assets as collateral in these transactions. These other secured financings consist of:

• Liabilities of consolidated VIEs;

• Transfers of assets accounted for as financings rather than sales (primarily collateralized central bank financings, pledged commodities, bank loans and mortgage whole loans); and

• Other structured financing arrangements.

Other secured financings includes arrangements that are nonrecourse. As of September 2017 and December 2016, nonrecourse other secured financings were $4.36 billion and $2.54 billion, respectively.

The firm has elected to apply the fair value option to substantially all other secured financings because the use of fair value eliminates non-economic volatility in earnings that would arise from using different measurement attributes. See Note 8 for further information about other secured financings that are accounted for at fair value.

Other secured financings that are not recorded at fair value are recorded based on the amount of cash received plus accrued interest, which generally approximates fair value. While these financings are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these financings been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, they would have been primarily classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

The table below presents information about other secured financings.

$ in millions	U.S. Dollar	Non-U.S. Dollar	Total
As of September 2017
Other secured financings (short-term):
At fair value	$  5,543	$ 4,905	$10,448
At amortized cost	$       97	$    339	$     436
Weighted average interest rates	3.73%	2.55%
Other secured financings (long-term):
At fair value	$  7,523	$ 4,332	$11,855
At amortized cost	$         –	$        –	$         –
Weighted average interest rates	–%	–%
Total	$13,163	$ 9,576	$22,739
Other secured financings collateralized by:
Financial instruments	$11,198	$ 9,223	$20,421
Other assets	$  1,965	$    353	$  2,318
As of December 2016
Other secured financings (short-term):
At fair value	$  9,380	$ 3,738	$13,118
At amortized cost	$         –	$        –	$         –
Weighted average interest rates	–%	–%
Other secured financings (long-term):
At fair value	$  5,562	$ 2,393	$  7,955
At amortized cost	$     145	$    305	$     450
Weighted average interest rates	4.06%	2.16%
Total	$15,087	$ 6,436	$21,523
Other secured financings collateralized by:
Financial instruments	$13,858	$ 5,974	$19,832
Other assets	$  1,229	$    462	$  1,691

In the table above:

• Short-term other secured financings includes financings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and financings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder.

• Weighted average interest rates excludes other secured financings at fair value and includes the effect of hedging activities. See Note 7 for further information about hedging activities.

• Total other secured financings included $731 million and $285 million related to transfers of financial assets accounted for as financings rather than sales as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Such financings were collateralized by financial assets of $752 million and $285 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, primarily included in “Financial instruments owned.”

• Other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments included $13.48 billion and $13.65 billion of other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments owned as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, and $6.94 billion and $6.18 billion of other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments received as collateral and repledged as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

The table below presents other secured financings by maturity date.

$ in millions	As of September 2017
Other secured financings (short-term)	$10,884
Other secured financings (long-term):
2018	4,104
2019	2,238
2020	1,381
2021	506
2022	2,105
2023 - thereafter	1,521
Total other secured financings (long-term)	11,855
Total other secured financings	$22,739

In the table above:

• Long-term other secured financings that are repayable prior to maturity at the option of the firm are reflected at their contractual maturity dates.

• Long-term other secured financings that are redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the holder are reflected at the earliest dates such options become exercisable.

Collateral Received and Pledged

The firm receives cash and securities (e.g., U.S. government and agency, other sovereign and corporate obligations, as well as equity securities) as collateral, primarily in connection with resale agreements, securities borrowed, derivative transactions and customer margin loans. The firm obtains cash and securities as collateral on an upfront or contingent basis for derivative instruments and collateralized agreements to reduce its credit exposure to individual counterparties.

In many cases, the firm is permitted to deliver or repledge financial instruments received as collateral when entering into repurchase agreements and securities loaned transactions, primarily in connection with secured client financing activities. The firm is also permitted to deliver or repledge these financial instruments in connection with other secured financings, collateralized derivative transactions and firm or customer settlement requirements.

The firm also pledges certain financial instruments owned in connection with repurchase agreements, securities loaned transactions and other secured financings, and other assets (substantially all real estate and cash) in connection with other secured financings to counterparties who may or may not have the right to deliver or repledge them.

The table below presents financial instruments at fair value received as collateral that were available to be delivered or repledged and were delivered or repledged by the firm.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Collateral available to be delivered or repledged		$720,263	$634,609
Collateral that was delivered or repledged		$591,215	$495,717

In the table above, as of September 2017 and December 2016, collateral available to be delivered or repledged excludes $8.30 billion and $15.47 billion, respectively, of securities received under resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions that contractually had the right to be delivered or repledged, but were segregated for regulatory and other purposes.

The table below presents information about assets pledged.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Financial instruments owned pledged to counterparties that:
Had the right to deliver or repledge		$  54,266	$  51,278
Did not have the right to deliver or repledge		$  86,105	$  61,099
Other assets pledged to counterparties that did not have the right to deliver or repledge		$    4,497	$    3,287

The firm also segregated $14.55 billion and $15.29 billion of securities included in “Financial instruments owned” as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, for regulatory and other purposes. See Note 3 for information about segregated cash.

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Securitization Activities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]

Securitization Activities

Note 11.

Securitization Activities

The firm securitizes residential and commercial mortgages, corporate bonds, loans and other types of financial assets by selling these assets to securitization vehicles (e.g., trusts, corporate entities and limited liability companies) or through a resecuritization. The firm acts as underwriter of the beneficial interests that are sold to investors. The firm’s residential mortgage securitizations are primarily in connection with government agency securitizations.

Beneficial interests issued by securitization entities are debt or equity interests that give the investors rights to receive all or portions of specified cash inflows to a securitization vehicle and include senior and subordinated interests in principal, interest and/or other cash inflows. The proceeds from the sale of beneficial interests are used to pay the transferor for the financial assets sold to the securitization vehicle or to purchase securities which serve as collateral.

The firm accounts for a securitization as a sale when it has relinquished control over the transferred financial assets. Prior to securitization, the firm accounts for assets pending transfer at fair value and therefore does not typically recognize significant gains or losses upon the transfer of assets. Net revenues from underwriting activities are recognized in connection with the sales of the underlying beneficial interests to investors.

For transfers of financial assets that are not accounted for as sales, the assets remain in “Financial instruments owned” and the transfer is accounted for as a collateralized financing, with the related interest expense recognized over the life of the transaction. See Notes 10 and 23 for further information about collateralized financings and interest expense, respectively.

The firm generally receives cash in exchange for the transferred assets but may also have continuing involvement with the transferred financial assets, including ownership of beneficial interests in securitized financial assets, primarily in the form of senior or subordinated securities. The firm may also purchase senior or subordinated securities issued by securitization vehicles (which are typically VIEs) in connection with secondary market-making activities.

The primary risks included in beneficial interests and other interests from the firm’s continuing involvement with securitization vehicles are the performance of the underlying collateral, the position of the firm’s investment in the capital structure of the securitization vehicle and the market yield for the security. These interests primarily are accounted for at fair value and classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Beneficial interests and other interests not accounted for at fair value are carried at amounts that approximate fair value. See Notes 5 through 8 for further information about fair value measurements.

The table below presents the amount of financial assets securitized and the cash flows received on retained interests in securitization entities in which the firm had continuing involvement as of the end of the period.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Residential mortgages		$4,010	$4,254		$12,304	$  9,152
Commercial mortgages		1,763	1,123		4,717	1,873
Other financial assets		–	175		395	175
Total		$5,773	$5,552		$17,416	$11,200
Retained interests cash flows		$     83	$   115		$     206	$     168

The table below presents the firm’s continuing involvement in nonconsolidated securitization entities to which the firm sold assets, as well as the total outstanding principal amount of transferred assets in which the firm has continuing involvement.

$ in millions	Outstanding Principal Amount	Retained Interests	Purchased Interests
As of September 2017
U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations	$22,312	$   967	$29
Other residential mortgage-backed	6,292	530	2
Other commercial mortgage-backed	3,924	114	10
CDOs, CLOs and other	2,057	46	12
Total	$34,585	$1,657	$53
As of December 2016
U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations	$25,140	$   953	$24
Other residential mortgage-backed	3,261	540	6
Other commercial mortgage-backed	357	15	–
CDOs, CLOs and other	2,284	56	6
Total	$31,042	$1,564	$36

In the table above:

• The outstanding principal amount is presented for the purpose of providing information about the size of the securitization entities and is not representative of the firm’s risk of loss.

• The firm’s risk of loss from retained or purchased interests is limited to the carrying value of these interests.

• Purchased interests represent senior and subordinated interests, purchased in connection with secondary market-making activities, in securitization entities in which the firm also holds retained interests.

• Substantially all of the total outstanding principal amount and total retained interests relate to securitizations during 2012 and thereafter.

• The fair value of retained interests was $1.66 billion and $1.58 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

In addition to the interests in the table above, the firm had other continuing involvement in the form of derivative transactions and commitments with certain nonconsolidated VIEs. The carrying value of these derivatives and commitments was a net asset of $88 million and $48 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. The notional amounts of these derivatives and commitments are included in maximum exposure to loss in the nonconsolidated VIE table in Note 12.

The table below presents the weighted average key economic assumptions used in measuring the fair value of mortgage-backed retained interests and the sensitivity of this fair value to immediate adverse changes of 10% and 20% in those assumptions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Fair value of retained interests		$1,618		$1,519
Weighted average life (years)		6.7		7.5
Constant prepayment rate		9.3%		8.1%
Impact of 10% adverse change		$    (19	)	$    (14	)
Impact of 20% adverse change		$    (37	)	$    (28	)
Discount rate		4.9%		5.3%
Impact of 10% adverse change		$    (33	)	$    (37	)
Impact of 20% adverse change		$    (65	)	$    (71	)

In the table above:

• Amounts do not reflect the benefit of other financial instruments that are held to mitigate risks inherent in these retained interests.

• Changes in fair value based on an adverse variation in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the change in fair value is not usually linear.

• The impact of a change in a particular assumption is calculated independently of changes in any other assumption. In practice, simultaneous changes in assumptions might magnify or counteract the sensitivities disclosed above.

• The constant prepayment rate is included only for positions for which it is a key assumption in the determination of fair value.

• The discount rate for retained interests that relate to U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations does not include any credit loss. Expected credit loss assumptions are reflected in the discount rate for the remainder of retained interests.

The firm has other retained interests not reflected in the table above with a fair value of $46 million and a weighted average life of 4.5 years as of September 2017, and a fair value of $56 million and a weighted average life of 3.5 years as of December 2016. Due to the nature and fair value of certain of these retained interests, the weighted average assumptions for constant prepayment and discount rates and the related sensitivity to adverse changes are not meaningful as of both September 2017 and December 2016. The firm’s maximum exposure to adverse changes in the value of these interests is the carrying value of $46 million and $56 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

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Variable Interest Entities

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Variable Interest Entities

Note 12.

Variable Interest Entities

A variable interest in a VIE is an investment (e.g., debt or equity securities) or other interest (e.g., derivatives or loans and lending commitments) that will absorb portions of the VIE’s expected losses and/or receive portions of the VIE’s expected residual returns.

The firm’s variable interests in VIEs include senior and subordinated debt; loans and lending commitments; limited and general partnership interests; preferred and common equity; derivatives that may include foreign currency, equity and/or credit risk; guarantees; and certain of the fees the firm receives from investment funds. Certain interest rate, foreign currency and credit derivatives the firm enters into with VIEs are not variable interests because they create, rather than absorb, risk.

VIEs generally finance the purchase of assets by issuing debt and equity securities that are either collateralized by or indexed to the assets held by the VIE. The debt and equity securities issued by a VIE may include tranches of varying levels of subordination. The firm’s involvement with VIEs includes securitization of financial assets, as described in Note 11, and investments in and loans to other types of VIEs, as described below. See Note 11 for further information about securitization activities, including the definition of beneficial interests. See Note 3 for the firm’s consolidation policies, including the definition of a VIE.

VIE Consolidation Analysis

The enterprise with a controlling financial interest in a VIE is known as the primary beneficiary and consolidates the VIE. The firm determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE by performing an analysis that principally considers:

• Which variable interest holder has the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance;

• Which variable interest holder has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE;

• The VIE’s purpose and design, including the risks the VIE was designed to create and pass through to its variable interest holders;

• The VIE’s capital structure;

• The terms between the VIE and its variable interest holders and other parties involved with the VIE; and

• Related-party relationships.

The firm reassesses its evaluation of whether an entity is a VIE when certain reconsideration events occur. The firm reassesses its determination of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE on an ongoing basis based on current facts and circumstances.

VIE Activities

The firm is principally involved with VIEs through the following business activities:

Mortgage-Backed VIEs and Corporate CDO and CLO VIEs. The firm sells residential and commercial mortgage loans and securities to mortgage-backed VIEs and corporate bonds and loans to corporate CDO and CLO VIEs and may retain beneficial interests in the assets sold to these VIEs. The firm purchases and sells beneficial interests issued by mortgage-backed and corporate CDO and CLO VIEs in connection with market-making activities. In addition, the firm may enter into derivatives with certain of these VIEs, primarily interest rate swaps, which are typically not variable interests. The firm generally enters into derivatives with other counterparties to mitigate its risk from derivatives with these VIEs.

Certain mortgage-backed and corporate CDO and CLO VIEs, usually referred to as synthetic CDOs or credit-linked note VIEs, synthetically create the exposure for the beneficial interests they issue by entering into credit derivatives, rather than purchasing the underlying assets. These credit derivatives may reference a single asset, an index, or a portfolio/basket of assets or indices. See Note 7 for further information about credit derivatives. These VIEs use the funds from the sale of beneficial interests and the premiums received from credit derivative counterparties to purchase securities which serve as collateral for the beneficial interest holders and/or the credit derivative counterparty. These VIEs may enter into other derivatives, primarily interest rate swaps, which are typically not variable interests. The firm may be a counterparty to derivatives with these VIEs and generally enters into derivatives with other counterparties to mitigate its risk.

Real Estate, Credit-Related and Other Investing VIEs. The firm purchases equity and debt securities issued by and makes loans to VIEs that hold real estate, performing and nonperforming debt, distressed loans and equity securities. The firm typically does not sell assets to, or enter into derivatives with, these VIEs.

Other Asset-Backed VIEs. The firm structures VIEs that issue notes to clients, and purchases and sells beneficial interests issued by other asset-backed VIEs in connection with market-making activities. In addition, the firm may enter into derivatives with certain other asset-backed VIEs, primarily total return swaps on the collateral assets held by these VIEs under which the firm pays the VIE the return due to the note holders and receives the return on the collateral assets owned by the VIE. The firm generally can be removed as the total return swap counterparty. The firm generally enters into derivatives with other counterparties to mitigate its risk from derivatives with these VIEs. The firm typically does not sell assets to the other asset-backed VIEs it structures.

Principal-Protected Note VIEs. The firm structures VIEs that issue principal-protected notes to clients. These VIEs own portfolios of assets, principally with exposure to hedge funds. Substantially all of the principal protection on the notes issued by these VIEs is provided by the asset portfolio rebalancing that is required under the terms of the notes. The firm enters into total return swaps with these VIEs under which the firm pays the VIE the return due to the principal-protected note holders and receives the return on the assets owned by the VIE. The firm may enter into derivatives with other counterparties to mitigate the risk it has from the derivatives it enters into with these VIEs. The firm also obtains funding through these VIEs.

Investments in Funds and Other VIEs. The firm makes equity investments in certain of the investment fund VIEs it manages and is entitled to receive fees from these VIEs. The firm typically does not sell assets to, or enter into derivatives with, these VIEs. Other VIEs primarily includes nonconsolidated power-related VIEs. The firm purchases debt and equity securities issued by VIEs that hold power-related assets and may provide commitments to these VIEs.

Adoption of ASU No. 2015-02

The firm adopted ASU No. 2015-02 as of January 1, 2016. Upon adoption, certain of the firm’s investments in entities that were previously classified as voting interest entities are now classified as VIEs. These include investments in certain limited partnership entities that have been deconsolidated upon adoption as certain fee interests are not considered significant interests under the guidance, and the firm is no longer deemed to have a controlling financial interest in such entities. See Note 3 for further information about the adoption of ASU No. 2015-02.

Nonconsolidated VIEs. As a result of adoption as of January 1, 2016, “Investments in funds and other” nonconsolidated VIEs included $10.70 billion in “Assets in VIEs,” $543 million in “Carrying value of variable interests — assets” and $559 million in “Maximum exposure to loss” related to investments in limited partnership entities that were previously classified as nonconsolidated voting interest entities.

Consolidated VIEs. As a result of adoption as of January 1, 2016, “Real estate, credit-related and other investing” consolidated VIEs included $302 million of assets, substantially all included in “Financial instruments owned,” and $122 million of liabilities, included in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses” primarily related to investments in limited partnership entities that were previously classified as consolidated voting interest entities.

Nonconsolidated VIEs

The table below presents a summary of the nonconsolidated VIEs in which the firm holds variable interests. The nature of the firm’s variable interests can take different forms, as described in the rows under maximum exposure to loss.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Total nonconsolidated VIEs
Assets in VIEs		$89,926	$70,083
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		7,787	6,199
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		172	254
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		1,657	1,564
Purchased interests		1,175	544
Commitments and guarantees		3,072	2,196
Derivatives		8,451	7,144
Loans and investments		4,419	3,760
Total maximum exposure to loss		$18,774	$15,208

In the table above:

• The firm’s exposure to the obligations of VIEs is generally limited to its interests in these entities. In certain instances, the firm provides guarantees, including derivative guarantees, to VIEs or holders of variable interests in VIEs.

• The maximum exposure to loss excludes the benefit of offsetting financial instruments that are held to mitigate the risks associated with these variable interests.

• The maximum exposure to loss from retained interests, purchased interests, and loans and investments is the carrying value of these interests.

• The maximum exposure to loss from commitments and guarantees, and derivatives is the notional amount, which does not represent anticipated losses and also has not been reduced by unrealized losses already recorded. As a result, the maximum exposure to loss exceeds liabilities recorded for commitments and guarantees, and derivatives provided to VIEs.

• Total maximum exposure to loss from commitments and guarantees, and derivatives included $1.31 billion and $1.28 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, related to transactions with VIEs to which the firm transferred assets.

The table below disaggregates, by principal business activity, the information for nonconsolidated VIEs included in the summary table above.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Mortgage-backed
Assets in VIEs		$49,438	$32,714
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		2,731	1,936
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		1,611	1,508
Purchased interests		1,118	429
Commitments and guarantees		10	9
Derivatives		100	163
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  2,839	$  2,109
Corporate CDOs and CLOs
Assets in VIEs		$  7,105	$  5,391
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		1,020	393
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		31	25
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		2	2
Purchased interests		20	43
Commitments and guarantees		1,316	186
Derivatives		3,994	2,841
Loans and investments		661	94
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  5,993	$  3,166
Real estate, credit-related and other investing
Assets in VIEs		$  9,992	$  8,617
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		2,319	2,550
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		3	3
Maximum exposure to loss:
Commitments and guarantees		705	693
Loans and investments		2,319	2,550
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  3,024	$  3,243
Other asset-backed
Assets in VIEs		$  6,855	$  6,405
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		593	293
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		135	220
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		44	54
Purchased interests		37	72
Commitments and guarantees		275	275
Derivatives		4,353	4,134
Loans and investments		315	89
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  5,024	$  4,624
Investments in funds and other
Assets in VIEs		$16,536	$16,956
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		1,124	1,027
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		3	6
Maximum exposure to loss:
Commitments and guarantees		766	1,033
Derivatives		4	6
Loans and investments		1,124	1,027
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  1,894	$  2,066

In the table above, mortgage-backed included assets in VIEs of $286 million and $1.54 billion, and maximum exposure to loss of $162 million and $279 million, as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, related to CDOs backed by mortgage obligations.

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the carrying values of the firm’s variable interests in nonconsolidated VIEs are included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition as follows:

• Mortgage-backed: Assets were primarily included in “Financial instruments owned.”

• Corporate CDOs and CLOs: Assets were included in “Financial instruments owned” and liabilities were included in “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.”

• Real estate, credit-related and other investing: Assets were primarily included in “Financial instruments owned” and liabilities were primarily included in “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.”

• Other asset-backed: Substantially all assets were included in “Financial instruments owned” and liabilities were included in “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.”

• Investments in funds and other: Substantially all assets were included in “Financial instruments owned” and liabilities were included in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses.”

Consolidated VIEs

The table below presents a summary of the carrying value and classification of assets and liabilities in consolidated VIEs.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Total consolidated VIEs
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$   216	$   300
Loans receivable		410	603
Financial instruments owned		1,173	2,047
Other assets		765	682
Total		$2,564	$3,632
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   787	$   854
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		–	1
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		17	7
Unsecured short-term borrowings		127	197
Unsecured long-term borrowings		280	334
Other liabilities and accrued expenses		422	803
Total		$1,633	$2,196

In the table above:

• Assets and liabilities are presented net of intercompany eliminations and exclude the benefit of offsetting financial instruments that are held to mitigate the risks associated with the firm’s variable interests.

• VIEs in which the firm holds a majority voting interest are excluded if (i) the VIE meets the definition of a business and (ii) the VIE’s assets can be used for purposes other than the settlement of its obligations.

• Substantially all assets can only be used to settle obligations of the VIE.

The table below disaggregates, by principal business activity, the information for consolidated VIEs included in the summary table above.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Real estate, credit-related and other investing
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$   216	$   300
Loans receivable		410	603
Financial instruments owned		877	1,708
Other assets		752	680
Total		$2,255	$3,291
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   158	$   284
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		–	1
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		17	7
Other liabilities and accrued expenses		422	803
Total		$   597	$1,095
CDOs, mortgage-backed and other asset-backed
Assets
Financial instruments owned		$   238	$   253
Other assets		13	2
Total		$   251	$   255
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   150	$   139
Total		$   150	$   139
Principal-protected notes
Assets
Financial instruments owned		$     58	$     86
Total		$     58	$     86
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   479	$   431
Unsecured short-term borrowings		127	197
Unsecured long-term borrowings		280	334
Total		$   886	$   962

In the table above:

• The majority of the assets in principal-protected notes VIEs are intercompany and are eliminated in consolidation.

• Creditors and beneficial interest holders of real estate, credit-related and other investing VIEs, and CDOs, mortgage-backed and other asset-backed VIEs do not have recourse to the general credit of the firm.

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Other Assets

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Other Assets

Note 13.

Other Assets

Other assets are generally less liquid, nonfinancial assets. The table below presents other assets by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment		$14,805	$12,070
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets		4,058	4,095
Income tax-related assets		5,253	5,550
Miscellaneous receivables and other		5,377	3,766
Total		$29,493	$25,481

In the table above, miscellaneous receivables and other included:

• Debt securities accounted for as held-to-maturity of $724 million and $87 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, these securities were backed by residential real estate and had maturities of greater than ten years. These securities are carried at amortized cost and the carrying value of these securities approximated fair value as of both September 2017 and December 2016. As these securities are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP, their fair value is not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these securities been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

• Investments in qualified affordable housing projects of $714 million and $682 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

• Equity-method investments of $242 million and $219 million as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Such amounts exclude investments accounted for at fair value under the fair value option where the firm would otherwise apply the equity method of accounting of $9.01 billion and $7.92 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, all of which are included in “Financial instruments owned.” The firm has generally elected the fair value option for such investments acquired after the fair value option became available.

• Assets classified as held for sale of $705 million as of September 2017 related to certain of the firm’s consolidated investments within its Investing & Lending segment, substantially all of which consisted of “Property, leasehold improvements and equipment.”

Property, Leasehold Improvements and Equipment

Property, leasehold improvements and equipment in the table above is net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $8.46 billion and $7.68 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Property, leasehold improvements and equipment included $5.85 billion and $5.96 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, related to property, leasehold improvements and equipment that the firm uses in connection with its operations. The remainder is held by investment entities, including VIEs, consolidated by the firm. Substantially all property and equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the asset. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the improvement or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Capitalized costs of software developed or obtained for internal use are amortized on a straight-line basis over three years.

Goodwill and Identifiable Intangible Assets

Goodwill. The table below presents the carrying value of goodwill.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Investment Banking:
Financial Advisory		$     98	$     98
Underwriting		183	183
Institutional Client Services:
FICC Client Execution		269	269
Equities client execution		2,403	2,403
Securities services		105	105
Investing & Lending		2	2
Investment Management		605	606
Total		$3,665	$3,666

Goodwill is the cost of acquired companies in excess of the fair value of net assets, including identifiable intangible assets, at the acquisition date.

Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if events occur or circumstances change that indicate an impairment may exist. When assessing goodwill for impairment, first, qualitative factors are assessed to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the results of the qualitative assessment are not conclusive, a quantitative goodwill test is performed. The quantitative goodwill test consists of two steps:

• The first step compares the estimated fair value of each reporting unit with its estimated net book value (including goodwill and identifiable intangible assets). If the reporting unit’s estimated fair value exceeds its estimated net book value, goodwill is not impaired. To estimate the fair value of each reporting unit, a relative value technique is used because the firm believes market participants would use this technique to value the firm’s reporting units. The relative value technique applies observable price-to-earnings multiples or price-to-book multiples and projected return on equity of comparable competitors to reporting units’ net earnings or net book value. The net book value of each reporting unit reflects an allocation of total shareholders’ equity and represents the estimated amount of total shareholders’ equity required to support the activities of the reporting unit under currently applicable regulatory capital requirements.

• If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its estimated net book value, the second step of the goodwill test is performed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. An impairment is equal to the excess of the carrying value of goodwill over its fair value.

During the fourth quarter of 2016, the firm assessed goodwill for impairment using a qualitative assessment. Multiple factors were assessed with respect to each of the firm’s reporting units to determine whether it was more likely than not that the fair value of any of these reporting units was less than its carrying value.

As a result of the qualitative assessment, the firm determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each of the reporting units exceeded its respective carrying value.

Notwithstanding the results of the qualitative assessment, since the 2015 quantitative goodwill test determined that the estimated fair value of the FICC Client Execution reporting unit was not substantially in excess of its carrying value, the firm also performed a quantitative test on this reporting unit during the fourth quarter of 2016. In the quantitative test, the estimated fair value of the FICC Client Execution reporting unit substantially exceeded its carrying value.

Therefore, the firm determined that goodwill for all reporting units was not impaired.

There were no events or changes in circumstances during the nine months ended September 2017 that would indicate that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each of the reporting units did not exceed its respective carrying value as of September 2017.

Identifiable Intangible Assets. The table below presents the carrying value of identifiable intangible assets.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Institutional Client Services:
FICC Client Execution		$      39	$      65
Equities client execution		102	141
Investing & Lending		130	105
Investment Management		122	118
Total		$    393	$    429

The table below presents further details on the net carrying value of identifiable intangible assets.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Customer lists
Gross carrying value		$ 1,088		$ 1,065
Accumulated amortization		(886	)	(837	)
Net carrying value		202		228
Other
Gross carrying value		571		543
Accumulated amortization		(380	)	(342	)
Net carrying value		191		201
Total
Gross carrying value		1,659		1,608
Accumulated amortization		(1,266	)	(1,179	)
Net carrying value		$    393		$    429

In the table above:

• The net carrying value of other intangibles primarily includes intangible assets related to acquired leases and commodities transportation rights.

• During the three and nine months ended September 2017, the firm acquired $20 million (substantially all related to acquired leases) and $81 million (primarily related to acquired leases), respectively, of intangible assets with a weighted average amortization period of three years.

• During 2016, the firm acquired $89 million (primarily related to acquired leases) of intangible assets with a weighted average amortization period of three years.

Substantially all of the firm’s identifiable intangible assets are considered to have finite useful lives and are amortized over their estimated useful lives generally using the straight-line method.

The tables below present details about amortization of identifiable intangible assets.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Amortization		$33	$37		$103	$116

$ in millions	As of September 2017
Estimated future amortization
Remainder of 2017	$  40
2018	$127
2019	$  95
2020	$  38
2021	$  27
2022	$  21

Impairments

The firm tests property, leasehold improvements and equipment, identifiable intangible assets and other assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that an asset’s or asset group’s carrying value may not be fully recoverable. To the extent the carrying value of an asset exceeds the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposal of the asset or asset group, the firm determines the asset is impaired and records an impairment equal to the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the asset or asset group. In addition, the firm will recognize an impairment prior to the sale of an asset if the carrying value of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value.

During both the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, impairments were not material.

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Deposits

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Banking and Thrift [Abstract]

Deposits

Note 14.

Deposits

The table below presents the types and sources of the firm’s deposits.

$ in millions	Savings and Demand	Time	Total
As of September 2017
Private bank and online retail	$61,208	$    4,274	$  65,482
Brokered certificates of deposit	–	32,537	32,537
Deposit sweep programs	15,974	–	15,974
Institutional	1	18,767	18,768
Total	$77,183	$  55,578	$132,761
As of December 2016
Private bank and online retail	$61,166	$    4,437	$  65,603
Brokered certificates of deposit	–	34,905	34,905
Deposit sweep programs	16,019	–	16,019
Institutional	12	7,559	7,571
Total	$77,197	$  46,901	$124,098

In the table above:

• Substantially all deposits are interest-bearing.

• Savings and demand deposits have no stated maturity.

• Time deposits included $23.75 billion and $13.78 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, of deposits accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 8 for further information about deposits accounted for at fair value.

• Time deposits had a weighted average maturity of approximately 2 years and 2.5 years as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

• Deposit sweep programs represent long-term contractual agreements with several U.S. broker-dealers who sweep client cash to FDIC-insured deposits.

• Deposits insured by the FDIC as of September 2017 and December 2016 were approximately $70.43 billion and $69.91 billion, respectively.

The table below presents deposits held in U.S. and non-U.S. offices. U.S. deposits were held at Goldman Sachs Bank USA (GS Bank USA) and substantially all non-U.S. deposits were held at Goldman Sachs International Bank (GSIB).

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
U.S. offices		$103,812	$106,037
Non-U.S. offices		28,949	18,061
Total		$132,761	$124,098

The table below presents maturities of time deposits held in U.S. and non-U.S. offices.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		U.S.	Non-U.S.	Total
Remainder of 2017		$  2,400	$  4,999	$  7,399
2018		9,053	14,505	23,558
2019		6,143	157	6,300
2020		4,759	12	4,771
2021		3,584	43	3,627
2022		4,306	86	4,392
2023 - thereafter		5,140	391	5,531
Total		$35,385	$20,193	$55,578

As of September 2017, deposits in U.S. and non-U.S. offices included $1.37 billion and $13.24 billion, respectively, of time deposits that were greater than $250,000.

The firm’s savings and demand deposits are recorded based on the amount of cash received plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. In addition, the firm designates certain derivatives as fair value hedges to convert a portion of its time deposits not accounted for at fair value from fixed-rate obligations into floating-rate obligations. The carrying value of time deposits not accounted for at fair value approximated fair value as of both September 2017 and December 2016. While these savings and demand deposits and time deposits are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these deposits been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, they would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

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Short-Term Borrowings

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Short-Term Borrowings

Note 15.

Short-Term Borrowings

The table below presents details about the firm’s short-term borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Other secured financings (short-term)		$10,884	$13,118
Unsecured short-term borrowings		45,357	39,265
Total		$56,241	$52,383

See Note 10 for information about other secured financings.

Unsecured short-term borrowings includes the portion of unsecured long-term borrowings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and unsecured long-term borrowings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder.

The firm accounts for certain hybrid financial instruments at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 8 for further information about unsecured short-term borrowings that are accounted for at fair value. The carrying value of unsecured short-term borrowings that are not recorded at fair value generally approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of the obligations. While these unsecured short-term borrowings are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these borrowings been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

The table below presents details about the firm’s unsecured short-term borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Current portion of unsecured long-term borrowings		$  27,261	$  23,528
Hybrid financial instruments		14,264	11,700
Other unsecured short-term borrowings		3,832	4,037
Total		$  45,357	$  39,265
Weighted average interest rate		2.35%	1.68%

In the table above, the weighted average interest rates for these borrowings include the effect of hedging activities and exclude unsecured short-term borrowings accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. See Note 7 for further information about hedging activities.

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Long-Term Borrowings

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Borrowings

Note 16.

Long-Term Borrowings

The table below presents details about the firm’s long-term borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Other secured financings (long-term)		$  11,855	$    8,405
Unsecured long-term borrowings		211,852	189,086
Total		$223,707	$197,491

See Note 10 for information about other secured financings.

The table below presents unsecured long-term borrowings extending through 2057, which consists principally of senior borrowings.

$ in millions	U.S. Dollar	Non-U.S. Dollar	Total
As of September 2017
Fixed-rate obligations	$  98,948	$35,525	$134,473
Floating-rate obligations	43,799	33,580	77,379
Total	$142,747	$69,105	$211,852
As of December 2016
Fixed-rate obligations	$  96,113	$32,159	$128,272
Floating-rate obligations	36,748	24,066	60,814
Total	$132,861	$56,225	$189,086

In the table above:

• Floating interest rates are generally based on LIBOR or Overnight Index Swap Rate. Equity-linked and indexed instruments are included in floating-rate obligations.

• Interest rates on U.S. dollar-denominated debt ranged from 1.60% to 10.04% (with a weighted average rate of 4.29%) and 1.60% to 10.04% (with a weighted average rate of 4.57%) as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

• Interest rates on non-U.S. dollar-denominated debt ranged from 0.32% to 13.00% (with a weighted average rate of 2.66%) and 0.02% to 13.00% (with a weighted average rate of 3.05%) as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

The table below presents unsecured long-term borrowings by maturity date.

$ in millions	As of September 2017
2018	$    7,529
2019	28,171
2020	22,663
2021	21,663
2022	18,396
2023 - thereafter	113,430
Total	$211,852

In the table above:

• Unsecured long-term borrowings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and unsecured long-term borrowings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder are excluded as they are included in “Unsecured short-term borrowings.”

• Unsecured long-term borrowings that are repayable prior to maturity at the option of the firm are reflected at their contractual maturity dates.

• Unsecured long-term borrowings that are redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the holder are reflected at the earliest dates such options become exercisable.

• Unsecured long-term borrowings included $6.23 billion of adjustments to the carrying value of certain unsecured long-term borrowings resulting from the application of hedge accounting by year of maturity as follows: $3 million in 2018, $250 million in 2019, $266 million in 2020, $489 million in 2021, $(28) million in 2022, and $5.25 billion in 2023 and thereafter.

The firm designates certain derivatives as fair value hedges to convert a portion of its fixed-rate unsecured long-term borrowings not accounted for at fair value into floating-rate obligations. See Note 7 for further information about hedging activities.

The table below presents unsecured long-term borrowings, after giving effect to such hedging activities.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Fixed-rate obligations:
At fair value		$       146	$       150
At amortized cost		75,821	74,718
Floating-rate obligations:
At fair value		35,815	29,260
At amortized cost		100,070	84,958
Total		$211,852	$189,086

In the table above, the weighted average interest rates on the aggregate amounts were 2.71% (3.47% related to fixed-rate obligations and 2.13% related to floating-rate obligations) and 2.87% (3.90% related to fixed-rate obligations and 1.97% related to floating-rate obligations) as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. These rates exclude unsecured long-term borrowings accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the carrying value of unsecured long-term borrowings for which the firm did not elect the fair value option approximated fair value. As these borrowings are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP, their fair value is not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these borrowings been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Subordinated Borrowings

Unsecured long-term borrowings includes subordinated debt and junior subordinated debt. Junior subordinated debt is junior in right of payment to other subordinated borrowings, which are junior to senior borrowings. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, subordinated debt had maturities ranging from 2018 to 2045. Subordinated debt that matures within one year of the financial statement date is included in “Unsecured short-term borrowings.”

The table below presents details about the firm’s subordinated borrowings.

$ in millions	Par Amount	Carrying Amount	Rate
As of September 2017
Subordinated debt	$14,104	$16,290	3.67%
Junior subordinated debt	1,309	1,745	2.23%
Total	$15,413	$18,035	3.55%
As of December 2016
Subordinated debt	$15,058	$17,604	4.29%
Junior subordinated debt	1,360	1,809	5.70%
Total	$16,418	$19,413	4.41%

In the table above, the rate is the weighted average interest rate for these borrowings, including the effect of fair value hedges used to convert these fixed-rate obligations into floating-rate obligations. See Note 7 for further information about hedging activities. The rates exclude subordinated borrowings accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

During the nine months ended September 2017, the firm repurchased or redeemed subordinated debt with a par amount of $1.37 billion (carrying value of $1.73 billion) for $1.62 billion. As a result, such debt was extinguished.

Junior Subordinated Debt

Junior Subordinated Debt Held by Trusts. In 2012, the Vesey Street Investment Trust I (Vesey Street Trust) and the Murray Street Investment Trust I (Murray Street Trust) issued an aggregate of $2.25 billion of senior guaranteed trust securities to third parties, the proceeds of which were used to purchase junior subordinated debt issued by Group Inc. from Goldman Sachs Capital II and Goldman Sachs Capital III (APEX Trusts). The APEX Trusts used the proceeds to purchase shares of Group Inc.’s Perpetual Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series E (Series E Preferred Stock) and Perpetual Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock, Series F (Series F Preferred Stock). The senior guaranteed trust securities issued by the Vesey Street Trust and the related junior subordinated debt matured during the third quarter of 2016. As of December 2016, $1.45 billion of senior guaranteed trust securities issued by the Murray Street Trust and the related junior subordinated debt were outstanding. These securities and the related junior subordinated debt matured during the first quarter of 2017.

The APEX Trusts are Delaware statutory trusts sponsored by the firm and wholly-owned finance subsidiaries of the firm for regulatory and legal purposes but are not consolidated for accounting purposes.

The firm has covenanted in favor of the holders of Group Inc.’s 6.345% junior subordinated debt due February 15, 2034, that, subject to certain exceptions, the firm will not redeem or purchase the capital securities issued by the APEX Trusts, shares of Group Inc.’s Series E or Series F Preferred Stock or shares of Group Inc.’s Series O Perpetual Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock if the redemption or purchase results in less than $253 million aggregate liquidation preference outstanding, prior to specified dates in 2022 for a price that exceeds a maximum amount determined by reference to the net cash proceeds that the firm has received from the sale of qualifying securities. During the first nine months of 2016, the firm exchanged a par amount of $1.32 billion of APEX issued by the APEX Trusts for a corresponding redemption value of the Series E and Series F Preferred Stock, which was permitted under the covenants referenced above.

Junior Subordinated Debt Issued in Connection with Trust Preferred Securities. Group Inc. issued $2.84 billion of junior subordinated debt in 2004 to Goldman Sachs Capital I (Trust), a Delaware statutory trust. The Trust issued $2.75 billion of guaranteed preferred beneficial interests (Trust Preferred Securities) to third parties and $85 million of common beneficial interests to Group Inc. and used the proceeds from the issuances to purchase the junior subordinated debt from Group Inc. As of September 2017, the outstanding par amount of junior subordinated debt held by the Trust was $1.31 billion and the outstanding par amount of Trust Preferred Securities and common beneficial interests issued by the Trust was $1.27 billion and $39.3 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 2017, the firm purchased $50 million (par amount) of Trust Preferred Securities and delivered these securities, along with $1.5 million of common beneficial interests, to the Trust in exchange for a corresponding par amount of the junior subordinated debt. Following the exchanges, these Trust Preferred Securities, common beneficial interests and junior subordinated debt were extinguished. As of December 2016, the outstanding par amount of junior subordinated debt held by the Trust was $1.36 billion and the outstanding par amount of Trust Preferred Securities and common beneficial interests issued by the Trust was $1.32 billion and $40.8 million, respectively. The Trust is a wholly-owned finance subsidiary of the firm for regulatory and legal purposes but is not consolidated for accounting purposes.

The firm pays interest semi-annually on the junior subordinated debt at an annual rate of 6.345% and the debt matures on February 15, 2034. The coupon rate and the payment dates applicable to the beneficial interests are the same as the interest rate and payment dates for the junior subordinated debt. The firm has the right, from time to time, to defer payment of interest on the junior subordinated debt, and therefore cause payment on the Trust’s preferred beneficial interests to be deferred, in each case up to ten consecutive semi-annual periods. During any such deferral period, the firm will not be permitted to, among other things, pay dividends on or make certain repurchases of its common stock. The Trust is not permitted to pay any distributions on the common beneficial interests held by Group Inc. unless all dividends payable on the preferred beneficial interests have been paid in full.

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Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses

Note 17.

Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses

The table below presents other liabilities and accrued expenses by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Compensation and benefits		$    6,347	$    7,181
Noncontrolling interests		568	506
Income tax-related liabilities		1,747	1,794
Employee interests in consolidated funds		222	77
Subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs		20	584
Accrued expenses and other		4,944	4,220
Total		$  13,848	$  14,362

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Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

Note 18.

Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees

Commitments

The table below presents the firm’s commitments by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Commercial lending:
Investment-grade		$  73,597	$  73,664
Non-investment-grade		41,210	34,878
Warehouse financing		5,025	3,514
Total commitments to extend credit		119,832	112,056
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements		53,180	25,348
Forward starting collateralized financings		14,790	8,939
Letters of credit		404	373
Investment commitments		8,467	8,444
Other		7,761	6,014
Total commitments		$204,434	$161,174

The table below presents the firm’s commitments by period of expiration.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Remainder of 2017	2018 - 2019	2020 - 2021	2022 - Thereafter
Commercial lending:
Investment-grade		$  2,130	$21,170	$31,136	$19,161
Non-investment-grade		539	9,499	16,428	14,744
Warehouse financing		172	2,122	1,602	1,129
Total commitments to extend credit		2,841	32,791	49,166	35,034
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements		53,177	3	–	–
Forward starting collateralized financings		14,790	–	–	–
Letters of credit		15	349	–	40
Investment commitments		4,973	967	258	2,269
Other		7,321	381	16	43
Total commitments		$83,117	$34,491	$49,440	$37,386

Commitments to Extend Credit

The firm’s commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend with fixed termination dates and depend on the satisfaction of all contractual conditions to borrowing. These commitments are presented net of amounts syndicated to third parties. The total commitment amount does not necessarily reflect actual future cash flows because the firm may syndicate all or substantial additional portions of these commitments. In addition, commitments can expire unused or be reduced or cancelled at the counterparty’s request.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, $105.00 billion and $98.05 billion, respectively, of the firm’s lending commitments were held for investment and were accounted for on an accrual basis. See Note 9 for further information about such commitments. In addition, as of September 2017 and December 2016, $8.23 billion and $6.87 billion, respectively, of the firm’s lending commitments were held for sale and were accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value.

The firm accounts for the remaining commitments to extend credit at fair value. Losses, if any, are generally recorded, net of any fees in “Other principal transactions.”

Commercial Lending. The firm’s commercial lending commitments are extended to investment-grade and non-investment-grade corporate borrowers. Commitments to investment-grade corporate borrowers are principally used for operating liquidity and general corporate purposes. The firm also extends lending commitments in connection with contingent acquisition financing and other types of corporate lending, as well as commercial real estate financing. Commitments that are extended for contingent acquisition financing are often intended to be short-term in nature, as borrowers often seek to replace them with other funding sources.

Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, Inc. (SMFG) provides the firm with credit loss protection on certain approved loan commitments (primarily investment-grade commercial lending commitments). The notional amount of such loan commitments was $26.07 billion and $26.88 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. The credit loss protection on loan commitments provided by SMFG is generally limited to 95% of the first loss the firm realizes on such commitments, up to a maximum of approximately $950 million. In addition, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, upon the firm’s request, SMFG will provide protection for 70% of additional losses on such commitments, up to a maximum of $1.13 billion, of which $768 million of protection had been provided as of both September 2017 and December 2016. The firm also uses other financial instruments to mitigate credit risks related to certain commitments not covered by SMFG. These instruments primarily include credit default swaps that reference the same or similar underlying instrument or entity, or credit default swaps that reference a market index.

Warehouse Financing. The firm provides financing to clients who warehouse financial assets. These arrangements are secured by the warehoused assets, primarily consisting of consumer and corporate loans.

Contingent and Forward Starting Collateralized Agreements  /  Forward Starting Collateralized Financings

Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements includes resale and securities borrowing agreements, and forward starting collateralized financings includes repurchase and secured lending agreements that settle at a future date, generally within three business days. The firm also enters into commitments to provide contingent financing to its clients and counterparties through resale agreements. The firm’s funding of these commitments depends on the satisfaction of all contractual conditions to the resale agreement and these commitments can expire unused.

Letters of Credit

The firm has commitments under letters of credit issued by various banks which the firm provides to counterparties in lieu of securities or cash to satisfy various collateral and margin deposit requirements.

Investment Commitments

Investment commitments includes commitments to invest in private equity, real estate and other assets directly and through funds that the firm raises and manages. Investment commitments included $1.71 billion and $2.10 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, related to commitments to invest in funds managed by the firm. If these commitments are called, they would be funded at market value on the date of investment.

Leases

The firm has contractual obligations under long-term noncancelable lease agreements for office space expiring on various dates through 2069. Certain agreements are subject to periodic escalation provisions for increases in real estate taxes and other charges.

The table below presents future minimum rental payments, net of minimum sublease rentals.

$ in millions	As of September 2017
Remainder of 2017	$     84
2018	299
2019	267
2020	233
2021	176
2022	121
2023 - thereafter	684
Total	$1,864

Rent charged to operating expense was $61 million and $65 million for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $206 million and $187 million for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively.

Operating leases include office space held in excess of current requirements. Rent expense relating to space held for growth is included in “Occupancy.” The firm records a liability, based on the fair value of the remaining lease rentals reduced by any potential or existing sublease rentals, for leases where the firm has ceased using the space and management has concluded that the firm will not derive any future economic benefits. Costs to terminate a lease before the end of its term are recognized and measured at fair value on termination.

Contingencies

Legal Proceedings. See Note 27 for information about legal proceedings, including certain mortgage-related matters, and agreements the firm has entered into to toll the statute of limitations.

Certain Mortgage-Related Contingencies. There are multiple areas of focus by regulators, governmental agencies and others within the mortgage market that may impact originators, issuers, servicers and investors. There remains significant uncertainty surrounding the nature and extent of any potential exposure for participants in this market.

The firm has not been a significant originator of residential mortgage loans. The firm did purchase loans originated by others and generally received loan-level representations. During the period 2005 through 2008, the firm sold approximately $10 billion of loans to government-sponsored enterprises and approximately $11 billion of loans to other third parties. In addition, the firm transferred $125 billion of loans to trusts and other mortgage securitization vehicles. In connection with both sales of loans and securitizations, the firm provided loan-level representations and/or assigned the loan-level representations from the party from whom the firm purchased the loans.

The firm’s exposure to claims for repurchase of residential mortgage loans based on alleged breaches of representations will depend on a number of factors such as the extent to which these claims are made within the statute of limitations, taking into consideration the agreements to toll the statute of limitations the firm has entered into with trustees representing certain trusts. Based upon the large number of defaults in residential mortgages, including those sold or securitized by the firm, there is a potential for repurchase claims. However, the firm is not in a position to make a meaningful estimate of that exposure at this time.

Other Contingencies. In connection with the sale of Metro International Trade Services (Metro), the firm agreed to provide indemnities to the buyer, which primarily relate to fundamental representations and warranties, and potential liabilities for legal or regulatory proceedings arising out of the conduct of Metro’s business while the firm owned it.

In connection with the settlement agreement with the Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities Working Group of the U.S. Financial Fraud Enforcement Task Force, the firm agreed to provide $1.80 billion in consumer relief in the form of principal forgiveness for underwater homeowners and distressed borrowers; financing for construction, rehabilitation and preservation of affordable housing; and support for debt restructuring, foreclosure prevention and housing quality improvement programs, as well as land banks.

Guarantees

The table below presents information about certain derivatives that meet the definition of a guarantee, securities lending indemnifications and certain other guarantees.

$ in millions	Derivatives	Securities lending indemnifications	Other financial guarantees
As of September 2017
Carrying Value of Net Liability	$       6,554	$         –	$     39
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration
Remainder of 2017	$   538,975	$40,731	$   229
2018 - 2019	1,235,298	–	934
2020 - 2021	105,564	–	1,958
2022 - thereafter	110,355	–	579
Total	$1,990,192	$40,731	$3,700
As of December 2016
Carrying Value of Net Liability	$       8,873	$         –	$     50
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration
2017	$   432,328	$33,403	$1,064
2018 - 2019	261,676	–	763
2020 - 2021	71,264	–	1,662
2022 - thereafter	51,506	–	173
Total	$   816,774	$33,403	$3,662

In the table above:

• The maximum payout is based on the notional amount of the contract and does not represent anticipated losses.

• Amounts exclude certain commitments to issue standby letters of credit that are included in “Commitments to extend credit.” See the tables in “Commitments” above for a summary of the firm’s commitments.

Derivative Guarantees. The firm enters into various derivatives that meet the definition of a guarantee under U.S. GAAP, including written equity and commodity put options, written currency contracts and interest rate caps, floors and swaptions. These derivatives are risk managed together with derivatives that do not meet the definition of a guarantee, and therefore the amounts in the table above do not reflect the firm’s overall risk related to its derivative activities. Disclosures about derivatives are not required if they may be cash settled and the firm has no basis to conclude it is probable that the counterparties held the underlying instruments at inception of the contract. The firm has concluded that these conditions have been met for certain large, internationally active commercial and investment bank counterparties, central clearing counterparties and certain other counterparties. Accordingly, the firm has not included such contracts in the table above. In addition, see Note 7 for information about credit derivatives that meet the definition of a guarantee, which are not included in the table above.

Derivatives are accounted for at fair value and therefore the carrying value is considered the best indication of payment/performance risk for individual contracts. However, the carrying values in the table above exclude the effect of counterparty and cash collateral netting.

Securities Lending Indemnifications. The firm, in its capacity as an agency lender, indemnifies most of its securities lending customers against losses incurred in the event that borrowers do not return securities and the collateral held is insufficient to cover the market value of the securities borrowed. Collateral held by the lenders in connection with securities lending indemnifications was $41.87 billion and $34.33 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Because the contractual nature of these arrangements requires the firm to obtain collateral with a market value that exceeds the value of the securities lent to the borrower, there is minimal performance risk associated with these guarantees.

Other Financial Guarantees. In the ordinary course of business, the firm provides other financial guarantees of the obligations of third parties (e.g., standby letters of credit and other guarantees to enable clients to complete transactions and fund-related guarantees). These guarantees represent obligations to make payments to beneficiaries if the guaranteed party fails to fulfill its obligation under a contractual arrangement with that beneficiary.

Guarantees of Securities Issued by Trusts. The firm has established trusts, including Goldman Sachs Capital I, the APEX Trusts and other entities for the limited purpose of issuing securities to third parties, lending the proceeds to the firm and entering into contractual arrangements with the firm and third parties related to this purpose. The firm does not consolidate these entities. See Note 16 for further information about the transactions involving Goldman Sachs Capital I and the APEX Trusts.

The firm effectively provides for the full and unconditional guarantee of the securities issued by these entities. Timely payment by the firm of amounts due to these entities under the guarantee, borrowing, preferred stock and related contractual arrangements will be sufficient to cover payments due on the securities issued by these entities.

Management believes that it is unlikely that any circumstances will occur, such as nonperformance on the part of paying agents or other service providers, that would make it necessary for the firm to make payments related to these entities other than those required under the terms of the guarantee, borrowing, preferred stock and related contractual arrangements and in connection with certain expenses incurred by these entities.

Indemnities and Guarantees of Service Providers. In the ordinary course of business, the firm indemnifies and guarantees certain service providers, such as clearing and custody agents, trustees and administrators, against specified potential losses in connection with their acting as an agent of, or providing services to, the firm or its affiliates.

The firm may also be liable to some clients or other parties for losses arising from its custodial role or caused by acts or omissions of third-party service providers, including sub-custodians and third-party brokers. In certain cases, the firm has the right to seek indemnification from these third-party service providers for certain relevant losses incurred by the firm. In addition, the firm is a member of payment, clearing and settlement networks, as well as securities exchanges around the world that may require the firm to meet the obligations of such networks and exchanges in the event of member defaults and other loss scenarios.

In connection with the firm’s prime brokerage and clearing businesses, the firm agrees to clear and settle on behalf of its clients the transactions entered into by them with other brokerage firms. The firm’s obligations in respect of such transactions are secured by the assets in the client’s account, as well as any proceeds received from the transactions cleared and settled by the firm on behalf of the client. In connection with joint venture investments, the firm may issue loan guarantees under which it may be liable in the event of fraud, misappropriation, environmental liabilities and certain other matters involving the borrower.

The firm is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum payout under these guarantees and indemnifications. However, management believes that it is unlikely the firm will have to make any material payments under these arrangements, and no material liabilities related to these guarantees and indemnifications have been recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Other Representations, Warranties and Indemnifications. The firm provides representations and warranties to counterparties in connection with a variety of commercial transactions and occasionally indemnifies them against potential losses caused by the breach of those representations and warranties. The firm may also provide indemnifications protecting against changes in or adverse application of certain U.S. tax laws in connection with ordinary-course transactions such as securities issuances, borrowings or derivatives.

In addition, the firm may provide indemnifications to some counterparties to protect them in the event additional taxes are owed or payments are withheld, due either to a change in or an adverse application of certain non-U.S. tax laws.

These indemnifications generally are standard contractual terms and are entered into in the ordinary course of business. Generally, there are no stated or notional amounts included in these indemnifications, and the contingencies triggering the obligation to indemnify are not expected to occur. The firm is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum payout under these guarantees and indemnifications. However, management believes that it is unlikely the firm will have to make any material payments under these arrangements, and no material liabilities related to these arrangements have been recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Guarantees of Subsidiaries. Group Inc. fully and unconditionally guarantees the securities issued by GS Finance Corp., a wholly-owned finance subsidiary of the firm. Group Inc. has guaranteed the payment obligations of Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC (GS&Co.) and GS Bank USA, subject to certain exceptions.

In addition, Group Inc. guarantees many of the obligations of its other consolidated subsidiaries on a transaction-by-transaction basis, as negotiated with counterparties. Group Inc. is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum payout under its subsidiary guarantees; however, because these guaranteed obligations are also obligations of consolidated subsidiaries, Group Inc.’s liabilities as guarantor are not separately disclosed.

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Shareholders' Equity

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Shareholders' Equity

Note 19.

Shareholders’ Equity

Common Equity

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had 4.00 billion authorized shares of common stock and 200 million authorized shares of nonvoting common stock.

On October 16, 2017, the Board of Directors of Group Inc. (Board) declared a dividend of $0.75 per common share to be paid on December 28, 2017 to common shareholders of record on November 30, 2017.

The firm’s share repurchase program is intended to help maintain the appropriate level of common equity. The share repurchase program is effected primarily through regular open-market purchases (which may include repurchase plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1), the amounts and timing of which are determined primarily by the firm’s current and projected capital position, but which may also be influenced by general market conditions and the prevailing price and trading volumes of the firm’s common stock. Prior to repurchasing common stock, the firm must receive confirmation that the Federal Reserve Board does not object to such capital action.

The table below presents the amount of common stock repurchased by the firm under the share repurchase program.

	September 2017
in millions, except per share amounts		Three Months Ended	Nine Months Ended
Common share repurchases		9.6	22.4
Average cost per share		$225.12	$229.16
Total cost of common share repurchases		$  2,169	$  5,135

Pursuant to the terms of certain share-based compensation plans, employees may remit shares to the firm or the firm may cancel RSUs or stock options to satisfy minimum statutory employee tax withholding requirements and the exercise price of stock options. Under these plans, during the nine months ended September 2017, 12,165 shares were remitted with a total value of $3 million, and the firm cancelled 5.9 million of RSUs with a total value of $1.36 billion and 3.1 million of stock options with a total value of $750 million.

Preferred Equity

The tables below present details about the perpetual preferred stock issued and outstanding as of September 2017.

Series	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued	Shares Outstanding	Depositary Shares Per Share
A	50,000	30,000	29,999	1,000
B	50,000	32,000	32,000	1,000
C	25,000	8,000	8,000	1,000
D	60,000	54,000	53,999	1,000
E	17,500	7,667	7,667	N/A
F	5,000	1,615	1,615	N/A
I	34,500	34,000	34,000	1,000
J	46,000	40,000	40,000	1,000
K	32,200	28,000	28,000	1,000
L	52,000	52,000	52,000	25
M	80,000	80,000	80,000	25
N	31,050	27,000	27,000	1,000
O	26,000	26,000	26,000	25
Total	509,250	420,282	420,280

Series	Earliest Redemption Date	Liquidation Preference	Redemption Value ($ in millions)
A	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	$     750
B	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	800
C	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	200
D	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	1,350
E	Currently redeemable	$100,000	767
F	Currently redeemable	$100,000	161
I	November 10, 2017	$  25,000	850
J	May 10, 2023	$  25,000	1,000
K	May 10, 2024	$  25,000	700
L	May 10, 2019	$  25,000	1,300
M	May 10, 2020	$  25,000	2,000
N	May 10, 2021	$  25,000	675
O	November 10, 2026	$  25,000	650
Total			$11,203

In the tables above:

• All shares have a par value of $0.01 per share and, where applicable, each share is represented by the specified number of depositary shares.

• The earliest redemption date represents the date on which each share of non-cumulative Preferred Stock is redeemable at the firm’s option.

• Prior to redeeming preferred stock, the firm must receive confirmation that the Federal Reserve Board does not object to such capital action.

• The redemption price per share for Series A through F Preferred Stock is the liquidation preference plus declared and unpaid dividends. The redemption price per share for Series I through O Preferred Stock is the liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends. Each share of non-cumulative Series E and Series F Preferred Stock issued and outstanding is redeemable at the firm’s option, subject to certain covenant restrictions governing the firm’s ability to redeem the preferred stock without issuing common stock or other instruments with equity-like characteristics. See Note 16 for information about the replacement capital covenants applicable to the Series E and Series F Preferred Stock.

• All series of preferred stock are pari passu and have a preference over the firm’s common stock on liquidation.

• Dividends on each series of preferred stock, excluding Series L, Series M and Series O Preferred Stock, if declared, are payable quarterly in arrears. Dividends on Series L, Series M and Series O Preferred Stock, if declared, are payable semi-annually in arrears from the issuance date to, but excluding, May 10, 2019, May 10, 2020 and November 10, 2026, respectively, and quarterly thereafter.

• The firm’s ability to declare or pay dividends on, or purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire, its common stock is subject to certain restrictions in the event that the firm fails to pay or set aside full dividends on the preferred stock for the latest completed dividend period.

During the first nine months of 2016, the firm delivered a par amount of $1.32 billion of APEX to the APEX Trusts in exchange for 9,833 shares of Series E Preferred Stock and 3,385 shares of Series F Preferred Stock for a total redemption value of $1.32 billion. Following the exchange, shares of Series E and Series F Preferred Stock were cancelled. The difference between the fair value of the APEX and the net carrying value of the preferred stock at the time of cancellation was $266 million for the first nine months of 2016 (including $105 million for the third quarter of 2016), and was recorded in “Preferred stock dividends,” along with preferred dividends declared on the firm’s preferred stock. See Note 16 for further information about APEX.

In October 2017, the firm announced that it would redeem all of its outstanding Series I Preferred Stock on November 17, 2017.

In November 2017, Group Inc. issued 60,000 shares of Series P perpetual 5.00% Fixed-to-Floating Rate Non-Cumulative Preferred Stock (Series P Preferred Stock). Each share of Series P Preferred Stock issued and outstanding has a liquidation preference of $25,000, is represented by 25 depositary shares and is redeemable at the firm’s option beginning November 10, 2022 at a redemption price equal to $25,000 plus accrued and unpaid dividends, for a total redemption value of $1.50 billion. Dividends on Series P Preferred Stock, if declared, are payable semi-annually at 5.00% per annum from the issuance date to, but excluding, November 10, 2022, and quarterly thereafter at three-month LIBOR plus 2.874% per annum.

The table below presents the dividend rates of the firm’s perpetual preferred stock as of September 2017.

Series	Dividend Rate
A	3 month LIBOR + 0.75%, with floor of 3.75% per annum
B	6.20% per annum
C	3 month LIBOR + 0.75%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
D	3 month LIBOR + 0.67%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
E	3 month LIBOR + 0.77%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
F	3 month LIBOR + 0.77%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
I	5.95% per annum
J	5.50% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2023; 3 month LIBOR + 3.64% per annum thereafter
K	6.375% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2024; 3 month LIBOR + 3.55% per annum thereafter
L	5.70% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2019; 3 month LIBOR + 3.884% per annum thereafter
M	5.375% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2020; 3 month LIBOR + 3.922% per annum thereafter
N	6.30% per annum
O	5.30% per annum to, but excluding, November 10, 2026; 3 month LIBOR + 3.834% per annum thereafter

The tables below present dividends declared on the firm’s preferred stock.

	Three Months Ended September
	2017			2016
Series		per share	$ in millions		per share	$ in millions
A		$   239.58	$  7		$   239.58	$  7
B		$   387.50	12		$   387.50	12
C		$   255.56	2		$   255.56	2
D		$   255.56	14		$   255.56	14
E		$1,022.22	7		$1,022.22	12
F		$1,022.22	2		$1,022.22	3
I		$   371.88	13		$   371.88	13
J		$   343.75	13		$   343.75	14
K		$   398.44	12		$   398.44	11
L		$            –	–		$            –	–
M		$            –	–		$            –	–
N		$   393.75	11		$   393.75	11
O		$            –	–		$            –	–
Total			$93			$99

	Nine Months Ended September
	2017			2016
Series		per share	$ in millions		per share	$ in millions
A		$   710.93	$  21		$   713.54	$  21
B		$1,162.50	37		$1,162.50	37
C		$   758.34	6		$   761.12	6
D		$   758.34	41		$   761.12	41
E		$3,044.44	23		$3,055.55	43
F		$3,044.44	5		$3,055.55	11
I		$1,115.64	38		$1,115.64	38
J		$1,031.25	41		$1,031.25	42
K		$1,195.32	34		$1,195.32	33
L		$   712.50	37		$   712.50	37
M		$   671.88	54		$   671.88	54
N		$1,181.25	32		$   730.63	20
O		$   662.50	17		$            –	–
Total			$386			$383

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The table below presents changes in the accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, by type.

$ in millions	Beginning balance		Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax		Ending balance
Nine Months Ended September 2017
Currency translation	$   (647	)	$   19		$   (628	)
Debt valuation adjustment	(239	)	(518	)	(757	)
Pension and postretirement liabilities	(330	)	2		(328	)
Available-for-sale securities	–		(3	)	(3	)
Total	$(1,216	)	$(500	)	$(1,716	)
Year Ended December 2016
Currency translation	$   (587	)	$  (60	)	$   (647	)
Debt valuation adjustment	305		(544	)	(239	)
Pension and postretirement liabilities	(131	)	(199	)	(330	)
Total	$   (413	)	$(803	)	$(1,216	)

In the table above, the beginning balance of accumulated other comprehensive loss for December 2016 has been adjusted to reflect the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle related to debt valuation adjustment, net of tax. See Note 3 for further information about the adoption of ASU No. 2016-01. See Note 8 for further information about the debt valuation adjustment.

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Regulation and Capital Adequacy

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Regulation and Capital Adequacy

Note 20.

Regulation and Capital Adequacy

The Federal Reserve Board is the primary regulator of Group Inc., a bank holding company under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 and a financial holding company under amendments to this Act. As a bank holding company, the firm is subject to consolidated regulatory capital requirements which are calculated in accordance with the revised risk-based capital and leverage regulations of the Federal Reserve Board, subject to certain transitional provisions (Revised Capital Framework).

The risk-based capital requirements are expressed as capital ratios that compare measures of regulatory capital to risk-weighted assets (RWAs). Failure to comply with these capital requirements could result in restrictions being imposed by the firm’s regulators. The firm’s capital levels are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components of capital, risk weightings and other factors. Furthermore, certain of the firm’s subsidiaries are subject to separate regulations and capital requirements as described below.

Capital Framework

The regulations under the Revised Capital Framework are largely based on the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s (Basel Committee) capital framework for strengthening international capital standards (Basel III) and also implement certain provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act. Under the Revised Capital Framework, the firm is an “Advanced approach” banking organization.

The firm calculates its Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1), Tier 1 capital and Total capital ratios in accordance with (i) the Standardized approach and market risk rules set out in the Revised Capital Framework (together, the Standardized Capital Rules) and (ii) the Advanced approach and market risk rules set out in the Revised Capital Framework (together, the Basel III Advanced Rules). The lower of each ratio calculated in (i) and (ii) is the ratio against which the firm’s compliance with its minimum ratio requirements is assessed. Each of the ratios calculated in accordance with the Basel III Advanced Rules was lower than that calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and therefore the Basel III Advanced ratios were the ratios that applied to the firm as of both September 2017 and December 2016. The capital ratios that apply to the firm can change in future reporting periods as a result of these regulatory requirements.

Regulatory Capital and Capital Ratios. The table below presents the minimum ratios required for the firm.

	As of
		September 2017	December 2016
CET1 ratio		7.000%	5.875%
Tier 1 capital ratio		8.500%	7.375%
Total capital ratio		10.500%	9.375%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		4.000%	4.000%

In the table above:

• The minimum capital ratios as of September 2017 reflect (i) the 50% phase-in of the capital conservation buffer of 2.5%, (ii) the 50% phase-in of the Global Systemically Important Bank (G-SIB) buffer of 2.5% (based on 2015 financial data), and (iii) the countercyclical capital buffer of zero percent, each described below.

• The minimum capital ratios as of December 2016 reflect (i) the 25% phase-in of the capital conservation buffer of 2.5%, (ii) the 25% phase-in of the G-SIB buffer of 3% (based on 2014 financial data), and (iii) the countercyclical capital buffer of zero percent, each described below.

• Tier 1 leverage ratio is defined as Tier 1 capital divided by quarterly average adjusted total assets (which includes adjustments for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, and certain investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions).

Certain aspects of the Revised Capital Framework’s requirements phase in over time (transitional provisions). These include capital buffers and certain deductions from regulatory capital (such as investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions). These deductions from regulatory capital are required to be phased in ratably per year from 2014 to 2018, with residual amounts not deducted during the transitional period subject to risk weighting. In addition, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts is being phased out of regulatory capital. The minimum CET1, Tier 1 and Total capital ratios that apply to the firm will increase as the capital buffers are phased in.

The capital conservation buffer, which consists entirely of capital that qualifies as CET1, began to phase in on January 1, 2016 and will continue to do so in increments of 0.625% per year until it reaches 2.5% of RWAs on January 1, 2019.

The G-SIB buffer, which is an extension of the capital conservation buffer, phases in ratably, beginning on January 1, 2016, becoming fully effective on January 1, 2019, and must consist entirely of capital that qualifies as CET1. The buffer must be calculated using two methodologies, the higher of which is reflected in the firm’s minimum risk-based capital ratios. The first calculation is based upon the Basel Committee’s methodology which, among other factors, relies upon measures of the size, activity and complexity of each G-SIB. The second calculation uses similar inputs, but it includes a measure of reliance on short-term wholesale funding. The firm’s G-SIB buffer will be updated annually based on financial data from the prior year, and will be generally applicable for the following year.

The Revised Capital Framework also provides for a countercyclical capital buffer, which is an extension of the capital conservation buffer, of up to 2.5% (consisting entirely of CET1) intended to counteract systemic vulnerabilities. As of September 2017, the Federal Reserve Board has set the countercyclical capital buffer at zero percent.

Failure to meet the capital levels inclusive of the buffers could limit the firm’s ability to distribute capital, including share repurchases and dividend payments, and to make certain discretionary compensation payments.

Definition of Risk-Weighted Assets. RWAs are calculated in accordance with both the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules. The following is a comparison of RWA calculations under these rules:

• RWAs for credit risk in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules are calculated in a different manner than the Basel III Advanced Rules. The primary difference is that the Standardized Capital Rules do not contemplate the use of internal models to compute exposure for credit risk on derivatives, securities financing transactions and eligible margin loans, whereas the Basel III Advanced Rules permit the use of such models, subject to supervisory approval. In addition, credit RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules utilize prescribed risk-weights which depend largely on the type of counterparty, rather than on internal assessments of the creditworthiness of such counterparties;

• RWAs for market risk in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules are generally consistent; and

• RWAs for operational risk are not required by the Standardized Capital Rules, whereas the Basel III Advanced Rules do include such a requirement.

Credit Risk

Credit RWAs are calculated based upon measures of exposure, which are then risk weighted. The following is a description of the calculation of credit RWAs in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules:

• For credit RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules, the firm utilizes prescribed risk-weights which depend largely on the type of counterparty (e.g., whether the counterparty is a sovereign, bank, broker-dealer or other entity). The exposure measure for derivatives is based on a combination of positive net current exposure and a percentage of the notional amount of each derivative. The exposure measure for securities financing transactions is calculated to reflect adjustments for potential price volatility, the size of which depends on factors such as the type and maturity of the security, and whether it is denominated in the same currency as the other side of the financing transaction. The firm utilizes specific required formulaic approaches to measure exposure for securitizations and equities; and

• For credit RWAs calculated in accordance with the Basel III Advanced Rules, the firm has been given permission by its regulators to compute risk-weights for wholesale and retail credit exposures in accordance with the Advanced Internal Ratings-Based approach. This approach is based on internal assessments of the creditworthiness of counterparties, with key inputs being the probability of default, loss given default and the effective maturity. The firm utilizes internal models to measure exposure for derivatives, securities financing transactions and eligible margin loans. The Revised Capital Framework requires that a bank holding company obtain prior written agreement from its regulators before using internal models for such purposes. The firm utilizes specific required formulaic approaches to measure exposure for securitizations and equities.

Market Risk

Market RWAs are calculated based on measures of exposure which include Value-at-Risk (VaR), stressed VaR, incremental risk and comprehensive risk based on internal models, and a standardized measurement method for specific risk. The market risk regulatory capital rules require that a bank holding company obtain prior written agreement from its regulators before using any internal model to calculate its risk-based capital requirement. The following is further information regarding the measures of exposure for market RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and Basel III Advanced Rules:

• VaR is the potential loss in value of inventory positions, as well as certain other financial assets and financial liabilities, due to adverse market movements over a defined time horizon with a specified confidence level. For both risk management purposes and regulatory capital calculations the firm uses a single VaR model which captures risks including those related to interest rates, equity prices, currency rates and commodity prices. However, VaR used for regulatory capital requirements (regulatory VaR) differs from risk management VaR due to different time horizons and confidence levels (10-day and 99% for regulatory VaR vs. one-day and 95% for risk management VaR), as well as differences in the scope of positions on which VaR is calculated. In addition, the daily net revenues used to determine risk management VaR exceptions (i.e., comparing the daily net revenues to the VaR measure calculated as of the end of the prior business day) include intraday activity, whereas the Federal Reserve Board’s regulatory capital rules require that intraday activity be excluded from daily net revenues when calculating regulatory VaR exceptions. Intraday activity includes bid/offer net revenues, which are more likely than not to be positive by their nature. As a result, there may be differences in the number of VaR exceptions and the amount of daily net revenues calculated for regulatory VaR compared to the amounts calculated for risk management VaR. The firm’s positional losses observed on a single day did not exceed its 99% one-day regulatory VaR during the nine months ended September 2017 and exceeded its 99% one-day regulatory VaR on two occasions during the year ended December 2016. There was no change in the VaR multiplier used to calculate Market RWAs;

• Stressed VaR is the potential loss in value of inventory positions, as well as certain other financial assets and financial liabilities, during a period of significant market stress;

• Incremental risk is the potential loss in value of non-securitized inventory positions due to the default or credit migration of issuers of financial instruments over a one-year time horizon;

• Comprehensive risk is the potential loss in value, due to price risk and defaults, within the firm’s credit correlation positions; and

• Specific risk is the risk of loss on a position that could result from factors other than broad market movements, including event risk, default risk and idiosyncratic risk. The standardized measurement method is used to determine specific risk RWAs, by applying supervisory defined risk-weighting factors after applicable netting is performed.

Operational Risk

Operational RWAs are only required to be included under the Basel III Advanced Rules. The firm has been given permission by its regulators to calculate operational RWAs in accordance with the “Advanced Measurement Approach,” and therefore utilizes an internal risk-based model to quantify Operational RWAs.

Consolidated Regulatory Capital Ratios

Capital Ratios and RWAs. Each of the ratios calculated in accordance with the Basel III Advanced Rules was lower than that calculated in accordance with the Standardized Rules as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and therefore such lower ratios applied to the firm as of these dates.

The table below presents the ratios calculated in accordance with both the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Common shareholders’ equity		$  75,089		$  75,690
Deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		(2,914	)	(2,874	)
Deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		–		(424	)
Other adjustments		(294	)	(346	)
Common Equity Tier 1		71,881		72,046
Preferred stock		11,203		11,203
Deduction for investments in covered funds		(536	)	(445	)
Other adjustments		(149	)	(364	)
Tier 1 capital		$  82,399		$  82,440
Standardized Tier 2 and Total capital
Tier 1 capital		$  82,399		$  82,440
Qualifying subordinated debt		13,567		14,566
Junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		635		792
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		980		722
Other adjustments		(1	)	(6	)
Standardized Tier 2 capital		15,181		16,074
Standardized Total capital		$  97,580		$  98,514
Basel III Advanced Tier 2 and Total capital
Tier 1 capital		$  82,399		$  82,440
Standardized Tier 2 capital		15,181		16,074
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		(980	)	(722	)
Basel III Advanced Tier 2 capital		14,201		15,352
Basel III Advanced Total capital		$  96,600		$  97,792
RWAs
Standardized		$540,184		$496,676
Basel III Advanced		$599,822		$549,650
CET1 ratio
Standardized		13.3%		14.5%
Basel III Advanced		12.0%		13.1%
Tier 1 capital ratio
Standardized		15.3%		16.6%
Basel III Advanced		13.7%		15.0%
Total capital ratio
Standardized		18.1%		19.8%
Basel III Advanced		16.1%		17.8%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		8.9%		9.4%

In the table above:

• Deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities, included goodwill of $3.67 billion as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and identifiable intangible assets of $314 million (80% of $393 million) and $257 million (60% of $429 million) as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, net of associated deferred tax liabilities of $1.07 billion and $1.05 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Goodwill is fully deducted from CET1, while the deduction for identifiable intangible assets is required to be phased into CET1 ratably over five years from 2014 to 2018. The balance that is not deducted during the transitional period is risk weighted.

• Deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions represents the amount by which the firm’s investments in the capital of nonconsolidated financial institutions exceed certain prescribed thresholds. The deduction for such investments is required to be phased into CET1 ratably over five years from 2014 to 2018. As of September 2017 and December 2016, CET1 reflects 80% and 60% of the deduction, respectively. The balance that is not deducted during the transitional period is risk weighted.

• Deduction for investments in covered funds represents the firm’s aggregate investments in applicable covered funds, excluding investments that are subject to an extended conformance period. This deduction was not subject to a transition period. See Note 6 for further information about the Volcker Rule.

• Other adjustments within CET1 and Tier 1 capital primarily includes accumulated other comprehensive loss, credit valuation adjustments on derivative liabilities, the overfunded portion of the firm’s defined benefit pension plan obligation net of associated deferred tax liabilities, disallowed deferred tax assets and other required credit risk-based deductions. The deduction for such items is generally required to be phased into CET1 ratably over five years from 2014 to 2018. As of September 2017 and December 2016, CET1 reflects 80% and 60% of such deduction, respectively. The balance that is not deducted from CET1 during the transitional period is generally deducted from Tier 1 capital within other adjustments.

• As of September 2017, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts was fully phased out of Tier 1 capital, with 50% included in Tier 2 capital and 50% fully phased out of regulatory capital. As of December 2016, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts was fully phased out of Tier 1 capital, with 60% included in Tier 2 capital and 40% fully phased out of regulatory capital. Junior subordinated debt issued to trusts is reduced by the amount of trust preferred securities purchased by the firm and will be fully phased out of Tier 2 capital by 2022 at a rate of 10% per year. See Note 16 for further information about the firm’s junior subordinated debt issued to trusts and trust preferred securities purchased by the firm.

• Qualifying subordinated debt is subordinated debt issued by Group Inc. with an original maturity of five years or greater. The outstanding amount of subordinated debt qualifying for Tier 2 capital is reduced upon reaching a remaining maturity of five years. See Note 16 for further information about the firm’s subordinated debt.

The tables below present changes in CET1, Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital.

	Nine Months Ended September 2017
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Common Equity Tier 1
Beginning balance		$72,046		$72,046
Change in common shareholders’ equity		(601	)	(601	)
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(426	)	(426	)
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		31		31
Investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		586		586
Change in other adjustments		245		245
Ending balance		$71,881		$71,881
Tier 1 capital
Beginning balance		$82,440		$82,440
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(274	)	(274	)
Investments in covered funds		(91	)	(91	)
Other net increase in CET1		261		261
Change in other adjustments		63		63
Ending balance		82,399		82,399
Tier 2 capital
Beginning balance		16,074		15,352
Change in qualifying subordinated debt		(999	)	(999	)
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(157	)	(157	)
Change in the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		258		–
Change in other adjustments		5		5
Ending balance		15,181		14,201
Total capital		$97,580		$96,600

	Year Ended December 2016
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Common Equity Tier 1
Beginning balance		$71,363		$71,363
Change in common shareholders’ equity		162		162
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(839	)	(839	)
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		16		16
Investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		895		895
Change in other adjustments		449		449
Ending balance		$72,046		$72,046
Tier 1 capital
Beginning balance		$81,511		$81,511
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(558	)	(558	)
Investments in covered funds		(32	)	(32	)
Other net increase in CET1		1,522		1,522
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(330	)	(330	)
Change in preferred stock		3		3
Change in other adjustments		324		324
Ending balance		82,440		82,440
Tier 2 capital
Beginning balance		16,705		16,103
Change in qualifying subordinated debt		(566	)	(566	)
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(198	)	(198	)
Change in the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		120		–
Change in other adjustments		13		13
Ending balance		16,074		15,352
Total capital		$98,514		$97,792

In the tables above, the change in the deduction for transitional provisions represents the increased phase-in of the deduction from 60% to 80% (effective January 1, 2017) for the nine months ended September 2017 and from 40% to 60% (effective January 1, 2016) for the year ended December 2016.

The tables below present the components of RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	Standardized Capital Rules as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Credit RWAs
Derivatives		$131,415	$124,286
Commitments, guarantees and loans		133,998	115,744
Securities financing transactions		79,656	71,319
Equity investments		46,176	41,428
Other		68,913	58,636
Total Credit RWAs		460,158	411,413
Market RWAs
Regulatory VaR		6,825	9,750
Stressed VaR		25,800	22,475
Incremental risk		10,288	7,875
Comprehensive risk		1,950	5,338
Specific risk		35,163	39,825
Total Market RWAs		80,026	85,263
Total RWAs		$540,184	$496,676
	Basel III Advanced Rules as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Credit RWAs
Derivatives		$107,617	$105,096
Commitments, guarantees and loans		152,846	122,792
Securities financing transactions		20,156	14,673
Equity investments		49,499	44,095
Other		74,302	63,431
Total Credit RWAs		404,420	350,087
Market RWAs
Regulatory VaR		6,825	9,750
Stressed VaR		25,800	22,475
Incremental risk		10,288	7,875
Comprehensive risk		1,613	4,550
Specific risk		35,163	39,825
Total Market RWAs		79,689	84,475
Total Operational RWAs		115,713	115,088
Total RWAs		$599,822	$549,650

In the tables above:

• Securities financing transactions represent resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions.

• Other primarily includes receivables, other assets, and cash and cash equivalents.

The table below presents changes in RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	Nine Months Ended September 2017
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Risk-Weighted Assets
Beginning balance		$496,676		$549,650
Credit RWAs
Change in:
Deduction for transitional provisions		(233	)	(233	)
Derivatives		7,129		2,521
Commitments, guarantees and loans		18,254		30,054
Securities financing transactions		8,337		5,483
Equity investments		4,910		5,566
Other		10,348		10,942
Change in Credit RWAs		48,745		54,333
Market RWAs
Change in:
Regulatory VaR		(2,925	)	(2,925	)
Stressed VaR		3,325		3,325
Incremental risk		2,413		2,413
Comprehensive risk		(3,388	)	(2,937	)
Specific risk		(4,662	)	(4,662	)
Change in Market RWAs		(5,237	)	(4,786	)
Operational RWAs
Change in operational risk		–		625
Change in Operational RWAs		–		625
Ending balance		$540,184		$599,822

In the table above, the increased deduction for transitional provisions represents the increased phase-in of the deduction from 60% to 80%, effective January 1, 2017.

Standardized Credit RWAs as of September 2017 increased by $48.75 billion compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting an increase in commitments, guarantees and loans, principally due to increased lending activity, and securities financing transactions, principally due to increased exposures. Standardized Market RWAs as of September 2017 decreased by $5.24 billion compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting a decrease in specific risk as a result of changes in risk exposures.

Basel III Advanced Credit RWAs as of September 2017 increased by $54.33 billion compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting an increase in commitments, guarantees and loans, principally due to increased lending activity. Basel III Advanced Market RWAs as of September 2017 decreased by $4.79 billion compared with December 2016, primarily reflecting a decrease in specific risk as a result of changes in risk exposures. Basel III Advanced Operational RWAs as of September 2017 were essentially unchanged compared with December 2016.

The table below presents changes in RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	Year Ended December 2016
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Risk-Weighted Assets
Beginning balance		$524,107		$577,651
Credit RWAs
Change in:
Deduction for transitional provisions		(531	)	(531	)
Derivatives		(12,555	)	(8,575	)
Commitments, guarantees and loans		4,353		8,269
Securities financing transactions		(73	)	(228	)
Equity investments		4,196		4,440
Other		(4,095	)	2,630
Change in Credit RWAs		(8,705	)	6,005
Market RWAs
Change in:
Regulatory VaR		(2,250	)	(2,250	)
Stressed VaR		737		737
Incremental risk		(1,638	)	(1,638	)
Comprehensive risk		(387	)	(167	)
Specific risk		(15,188	)	(15,188	)
Change in Market RWAs		(18,726	)	(18,506	)
Operational RWAs
Change in operational risk		–		(15,500	)
Change in Operational RWAs		–		(15,500	)
Ending balance		$496,676		$549,650

In the table above, the increased deduction for transitional provisions represents the increased phase-in of the deduction from 40% to 60%, effective January 1, 2016.

Standardized Credit RWAs as of December 2016 decreased by $8.71 billion compared with December 2015, primarily reflecting a decrease in derivatives, principally due to reduced exposures, and a decrease in receivables included in other credit RWAs reflecting the impact of firm and client activity. This decrease was partially offset by increases in commitments, guarantees and loans principally due to increased lending activity, and equity investments, principally due to increased exposures and the impact of market movements. Standardized Market RWAs as of December 2016 decreased by $18.73 billion compared with December 2015, primarily reflecting a decrease in specific risk as a result of reduced risk exposures.

Basel III Advanced Credit RWAs as of December 2016 increased by $6.01 billion compared with December 2015, primarily reflecting an increase in commitments, guarantees and loans principally due to increased lending activity, and an increase in equity investments, principally due to increased exposures and the impact of market movements. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in derivatives, principally due to lower counterparty credit risk and reduced exposure. Basel III Advanced Market RWAs as of December 2016 decreased by $18.51 billion compared with December 2015, primarily reflecting a decrease in specific risk as a result of reduced risk exposures. Basel III Advanced Operational RWAs as of December 2016 decreased by $15.50 billion compared with December 2015, reflecting a decrease in the frequency of certain events incorporated within the firm’s risk-based model.

See “Definition of Risk-Weighted Assets” above for a description of the calculations of Credit RWAs, Market RWAs and Operational RWAs, including the differences in the calculation of Credit RWAs under each of the Standardized Capital Rules and the Basel III Advanced Rules.

Bank Subsidiaries

Regulatory Capital Ratios. GS Bank USA, an FDIC-insured, New York State-chartered bank and a member of the Federal Reserve System, is supervised and regulated by the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC, the New York State Department of Financial Services and the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, and is subject to regulatory capital requirements that are calculated in substantially the same manner as those applicable to bank holding companies. For purposes of assessing the adequacy of its capital, GS Bank USA calculates its capital ratios in accordance with the risk-based capital and leverage requirements applicable to state member banks. Those requirements are based on the Revised Capital Framework described above. GS Bank USA is an Advanced approach banking organization under the Revised Capital Framework.

Under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action applicable to GS Bank USA, in order to meet the quantitative requirements for being a “well-capitalized” depository institution, GS Bank USA must meet higher minimum requirements than the minimum ratios in the table below. The table below presents the minimum ratios and the “well-capitalized” minimum ratios required for GS Bank USA. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, GS Bank USA was in compliance with its minimum capital requirements and the “well-capitalized” minimum ratios.

	Minimum Ratio as of
		September 2017	December 2016	“Well-capitalized” Minimum Ratio
CET1 ratio		5.750%	5.125%	6.5%
Tier 1 capital ratio		7.250%	6.625%	8.0%
Total capital ratio		9.250%	8.625%	10.0%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		4.000%	4.000%	5.0%

In the table above:

• The minimum capital ratios as of September 2017 reflect (i) the 50% phase-in of the capital conservation buffer of 2.5% and (ii) the countercyclical capital buffer of zero percent, each described above.

• The minimum capital ratios as of December 2016 reflect (i) the 25% phase-in of the capital conservation buffer of 2.5% and (ii) the countercyclical capital buffer of zero percent, each described above.

GS Bank USA’s capital levels and prompt corrective action classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components of capital, risk weightings and other factors. Failure to comply with these capital requirements, including a breach of the buffers described above, could result in restrictions being imposed by GS Bank USA’s regulators.

Similar to the firm, GS Bank USA is required to calculate each of the CET1, Tier 1 capital and Total capital ratios in accordance with both the Standardized Capital Rules and Basel III Advanced Rules. The lower of each ratio calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules and Basel III Advanced Rules is the ratio against which GS Bank USA’s compliance with its minimum ratio requirements is assessed. Each of the ratios calculated in accordance with the Standardized Capital Rules was lower than that calculated in accordance with the Basel III Advanced Rules and therefore the Standardized Capital ratios were the ratios that applied to GS Bank USA as of both September 2017 and December 2016. The capital ratios that apply to GS Bank USA can change in future reporting periods as a result of these regulatory requirements.

The table below presents the ratios for GS Bank USA calculated in accordance with both the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Standardized
Common Equity Tier 1		$  25,013		$  24,485
Tier 1 capital		25,013		24,485
Tier 2 capital		2,495		2,382
Total capital		$  27,508		$  26,867
Basel III Advanced
Common Equity Tier 1		$  25,013		$  24,485
Tier 1 capital		25,013		24,485
Standardized Tier 2 capital		2,495		2,382
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		(495	)	(382	)
Tier 2 capital		2,000		2,000
Total capital		$  27,013		$  26,485
RWAs
Standardized		$216,487		$204,232
Basel III Advanced		$146,412		$131,051
CET1 ratio
Standardized		11.6%		12.0%
Basel III Advanced		17.1%		18.7%
Tier 1 capital ratio
Standardized		11.6%		12.0%
Basel III Advanced		17.1%		18.7%
Total capital ratio
Standardized		12.7%		13.2%
Basel III Advanced		18.4%		20.2%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		16.0%		14.4%

The decrease in GS Bank USA’s Standardized and Basel III Advanced capital ratios from December 2016 to September 2017 is primarily due to an increase in credit RWAs, principally due to an increase in lending activity.

The firm’s principal non-U.S. bank subsidiary, GSIB, is a wholly-owned credit institution, regulated by the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) and the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and is subject to minimum capital requirements. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, GSIB was in compliance with all regulatory capital requirements.

Broker-Dealer Subsidiaries

U.S. Regulated Broker-Dealer Subsidiaries. GS&Co. is the firm’s primary U.S. regulated broker-dealer subsidiary and is subject to regulatory capital requirements including those imposed by the SEC and the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. In addition, GS&Co. is a registered futures commission merchant and is subject to regulatory capital requirements imposed by the CFTC, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange and the National Futures Association. Rule 15c3-1 of the SEC and Rule 1.17 of the CFTC specify uniform minimum net capital requirements, as defined, for their registrants, and also effectively require that a significant part of the registrants’ assets be kept in relatively liquid form. GS&Co. has elected to calculate its minimum capital requirements in accordance with the “Alternative Net Capital Requirement” as permitted by Rule 15c3-1.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, GS&Co. had regulatory net capital, as defined by Rule 15c3-1, of $17.87 billion and $17.17 billion, respectively, which exceeded the amount required by $15.33 billion and $14.66 billion, respectively. In addition to its alternative minimum net capital requirements, GS&Co. is also required to hold tentative net capital in excess of $1 billion and net capital in excess of $500 million in accordance with the market and credit risk standards of Appendix E of Rule 15c3-1. GS&Co. is also required to notify the SEC in the event that its tentative net capital is less than $5 billion. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, GS&Co. had tentative net capital and net capital in excess of both the minimum and the notification requirements.

Non-U.S. Regulated Broker-Dealer Subsidiaries. The firm’s principal non-U.S. regulated broker-dealer subsidiaries include Goldman Sachs International (GSI) and Goldman Sachs Japan Co., Ltd. (GSJCL). GSI, the firm’s U.K. broker-dealer, is regulated by the PRA and the FCA. GSJCL, the firm’s Japanese broker-dealer, is regulated by Japan’s Financial Services Agency. These and certain other non-U.S. subsidiaries of the firm are also subject to capital adequacy requirements promulgated by authorities of the countries in which they operate. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, these subsidiaries were in compliance with their local capital adequacy requirements.

Restrictions on Payments

Group Inc.’s ability to withdraw capital from its regulated subsidiaries is limited by minimum equity capital requirements applicable to those subsidiaries, provisions of applicable law and regulations and other regulatory restrictions that limit the ability of those subsidiaries to declare and pay dividends without prior regulatory approval (e.g., the amount of dividends that may be paid by GS Bank USA is limited to the lesser of the amounts calculated under a recent earnings test and an undivided profits test) even if the relevant subsidiary would satisfy the equity capital requirements applicable to it after giving effect to the dividend. For example, the Federal Reserve Board, the FDIC and the New York State Department of Financial Services have authority to prohibit or to limit the payment of dividends by the banking organizations they supervise (including GS Bank USA) if, in the relevant regulator’s opinion, payment of a dividend would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice in the light of the financial condition of the banking organization.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, Group Inc. was required to maintain $52.49 billion and $46.49 billion, respectively, of minimum equity capital in its regulated subsidiaries in order to satisfy the regulatory requirements of such subsidiaries.

Other

The deposits of GS Bank USA are insured by the FDIC to the extent provided by law. The Federal Reserve Board requires that GS Bank USA maintain cash reserves with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The amount deposited by GS Bank USA at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York was $47.39 billion and $74.24 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, which exceeded required reserve amounts by $47.31 billion and $74.09 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

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Earnings Per Common Share

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Common Share

Note 21.

Earnings Per Common Share

Basic earnings per common share (EPS) is calculated by dividing net earnings applicable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and RSUs for which no future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock (collectively, basic shares). Diluted EPS includes the determinants of basic EPS and, in addition, reflects the dilutive effect of the common stock deliverable for stock options and for RSUs for which future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock.

The table below presents the computations of basic and diluted EPS.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
in millions, except per share amounts		2017	2016		2017	2016
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders		$2,035	$2,100		$5,828	$4,934
Weighted average number of basic shares		398.2	422.4		405.6	431.5
Effect of dilutive securities:
RSUs		5.4	4.8		5.0	4.3
Stock options		2.1	3.0		2.4	3.0
Dilutive securities		7.5	7.8		7.4	7.3
Weighted average number of basic shares and dilutive securities		405.7	430.2		413.0	438.8
Basic EPS		$  5.09	$  4.96		$14.32	$11.40
Diluted EPS		$  5.02	$  4.88		$14.11	$11.24

In the table above, unvested share-based awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents are treated as a separate class of securities in calculating EPS. The impact of applying this methodology was a reduction in basic EPS of $0.02 and $0.01 for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $0.05 and $0.03 for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively.

The diluted EPS computations in the table above do not include antidilutive RSUs and common shares underlying antidilutive stock options of less than 0.1 million for both the three and nine months ended September 2017, and 6.0 million and 6.1 million for the three and nine months ended September 2016, respectively.

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Transactions with Affiliated Funds

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Transactions with Affiliated Funds

Note 22.

Transactions with Affiliated Funds

The firm has formed numerous nonconsolidated investment funds with third-party investors. As the firm generally acts as the investment manager for these funds, it is entitled to receive management fees and, in certain cases, advisory fees or incentive fees from these funds. Additionally, the firm invests alongside the third-party investors in certain funds.

The tables below present fees earned from affiliated funds, fees receivable from affiliated funds and the aggregate carrying value of the firm’s interests in affiliated funds.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Fees earned from funds		$733	$704		$2,158	$1,949
				As of
$ in millions					September 2017	December 2016
Fees receivable from funds					$   684	$   554
Aggregate carrying value of interests in funds					$5,820	$6,841

The firm may periodically determine to waive certain management fees on selected money market funds. Management fees waived were $24 million and $26 million for the three months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively, and $73 million and $79 million for the nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016, respectively. The Volcker Rule restricts the firm from providing financial support to covered funds (as defined in the rule) after the expiration of the conformance period. As a general matter, in the ordinary course of business, the firm does not expect to provide additional voluntary financial support to any covered funds but may choose to do so with respect to funds that are not subject to the Volcker Rule; however, in the event that such support is provided, the amount is not expected to be material.

As of September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had an outstanding guarantee, as permitted under the Volcker Rule, on behalf of its funds of $154 million and $300 million, respectively. The firm has voluntarily provided this guarantee in connection with a financing agreement with a third-party lender executed by one of the firm’s real estate funds that is not covered by the Volcker Rule. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, except as noted above, the firm has not provided any additional financial support to its affiliated funds.

In addition, in the ordinary course of business, the firm may also engage in other activities with its affiliated funds including, among others, securities lending, trade execution, market making, custody, and acquisition and bridge financing. See Note 18 for the firm’s investment commitments related to these funds.

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Interest Income and Interest Expense

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Banking and Thrift, Interest [Abstract]

Interest Income and Interest Expense

Note 23.

Interest Income and Interest Expense

Interest is recorded over the life of the instrument on an accrual basis based on contractual interest rates. The table below presents the firm’s sources of interest income and interest expense.

	Three Months Ended September				Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016			2017	2016
Interest income
Deposits with banks		$   212	$   116			$   567	$   320
Collateralized agreements		448	182			1,126	500
Financial instruments owned		1,492	1,299			4,336	4,171
Loans receivable		693	483			1,893	1,327
Other interest		566	309			1,455	949
Total interest income		3,411	2,389			9,377	7,267
Interest expense
Deposits		381	233			970	627
Collateralized financings		242	112			590	354
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		343	312			1,048	943
Short-term secured and unsecured borrowings		200	105			512	341
Long-term secured and unsecured borrowings		1,111	1,064			3,411	2,949
Other interest		404	(51	)		812	(198	)
Total interest expense		2,681	1,775			7,343	5,016
Net interest income		$   730	$   614			$2,034	$2,251

In the table above:

• Collateralized agreements includes rebates paid and interest income on securities borrowed.

• Other interest income includes interest income on customer debit balances and other interest-earning assets.

• Other interest expense includes rebates received on other interest-bearing liabilities and interest expense on customer credit balances.

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Note 24.

Income Taxes

Provision for Income Taxes

Income taxes are provided for using the asset and liability method under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The firm reports interest expense related to income tax matters in “Provision for taxes” and income tax penalties in “Other expenses.”

Deferred Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years and are measured using the tax rates and laws that will be in effect when such differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that more likely than not will be realized and primarily relate to the ability to utilize losses in various tax jurisdictions. Tax assets and liabilities are presented as a component of “Other assets” and “Other liabilities and accrued expenses,” respectively.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The firm recognizes tax positions in the condensed consolidated financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination by the relevant taxing authority based on the technical merits of the position. A position that meets this standard is measured at the largest amount of benefit that will more likely than not be realized on settlement. A liability is established for differences between positions taken in a tax return and amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Regulatory Tax Examinations

The firm is subject to examination by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and other taxing authorities in jurisdictions where the firm has significant business operations, such as the United Kingdom, Japan, Hong Kong and various states, such as New York. The tax years under examination vary by jurisdiction. The firm does not expect completion of these audits to have a material impact on the firm’s financial condition but it may be material to operating results for a particular period, depending, in part, on the operating results for that period.

The table below presents the earliest tax years that remain subject to examination by major jurisdiction.

Jurisdiction	As of September 2017
U.S. Federal	2011
New York State and City	2007
United Kingdom	2014
Japan	2014
Hong Kong	2011

U.S. Federal examinations of 2011 and 2012 began in 2013. The firm has been accepted into the Compliance Assurance Process program by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service for each of the tax years from 2013 through 2017. This program allows the firm to work with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service to identify and resolve potential U.S. federal tax issues before the filing of tax returns. The 2013 through 2016 tax years remain subject to post-filing review.

New York State and City examinations for the firm (excluding GS Bank USA) of fiscal 2007 through calendar 2010 are ongoing. New York State and City examinations for GS Bank USA have been completed through 2014.

During the first quarter of 2017, the firm concluded examinations with the Hong Kong tax authorities related to 2007 through 2015, with 2011 through 2015 subject to final review. The completion of these examinations did not have a material impact on the firm’s effective income tax rate.

All years including and subsequent to the years in the table above remain open to examination by the taxing authorities. The firm believes that the liability for unrecognized tax benefits it has established is adequate in relation to the potential for additional assessments.

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Business Segments

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Business Segments

Note 25.

Business Segments

The firm reports its activities in the following four business segments: Investment Banking, Institutional Client Services, Investing & Lending and Investment Management.

Basis of Presentation

In reporting segments, certain of the firm’s business lines have been aggregated where they have similar economic characteristics and are similar in each of the following areas: (i) the nature of the services they provide, (ii) their methods of distribution, (iii) the types of clients they serve and (iv) the regulatory environments in which they operate.

The cost drivers of the firm taken as a whole, compensation, headcount and levels of business activity, are broadly similar in each of the firm’s business segments. Compensation and benefits expenses in the firm’s segments reflect, among other factors, the overall performance of the firm, as well as the performance of individual businesses. Consequently, pre-tax margins in one segment of the firm’s business may be significantly affected by the performance of the firm’s other business segments.

The firm allocates assets (including allocations of global core liquid assets and cash, secured client financing and other assets), revenues and expenses among the four business segments. Due to the integrated nature of these segments, estimates and judgments are made in allocating certain assets, revenues and expenses. The allocation process is based on the manner in which management currently views the performance of the segments. Transactions between segments are based on specific criteria or approximate third-party rates.

The table below presents the firm’s net revenues, pre-tax earnings and total assets by segment. Management believes that this information provides a reasonable representation of each segment’s contribution to consolidated pre-tax earnings and total assets.

	Three Months Ended or as of September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking
Financial Advisory		$       911	$       658		$  2,416	$  2,223
Equity underwriting		212	227		783	679
Debt underwriting		674	652		2,031	1,885
Total Underwriting		886	879		2,814	2,564
Total net revenues		1,797	1,537		5,230	4,787
Operating expenses		946	863		2,905	2,720
Pre-tax earnings		$       851	$       674		$  2,325	$  2,067
Segment assets		$    2,797	$    2,245
Institutional Client Services
FICC Client Execution		$    1,452	$    1,964		$  4,296	$  5,554
Equities client execution		584	678		1,823	1,735
Commissions and fees		681	719		2,183	2,342
Securities services		403	387		1,228	1,241
Total Equities		1,668	1,784		5,234	5,318
Total net revenues		3,120	3,748		9,530	10,872
Operating expenses		2,331	2,526		7,276	7,649
Pre-tax earnings		$       789	$    1,222		$  2,254	$  3,223
Segment assets		$694,358	$667,105
Investing & Lending
Equity securities		$    1,391	$       920		$  3,369	$  1,546
Debt securities and loans		492	478		1,554	1,050
Total net revenues		1,883	1,398		4,923	2,596
Operating expenses		855	690		2,368	1,714
Pre-tax earnings		$    1,028	$       708		$  2,555	$     882
Segment assets		$220,273	$195,774
Investment Management
Management and other fees		$    1,272	$    1,225		$  3,775	$  3,571
Incentive fees		86	114		288	197
Transaction revenues		168	146		493	415
Total net revenues		1,526	1,485		4,556	4,183
Operating expenses		1,218	1,221		3,666	3,448
Pre-tax earnings		$       308	$       264		$     890	$     735
Segment assets		$  12,704	$  14,863
Total net revenues		$    8,326	$    8,168		$24,239	$22,438
Total operating expenses		5,350	5,300		16,215	15,531
Total pre-tax earnings		$    2,976	$    2,868		$  8,024	$  6,907
Total assets		$930,132	$879,987

In the table above:

• Revenues and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining pre-tax earnings.

• Net revenues in the firm’s segments include allocations of interest income and interest expense to specific securities, commodities and other positions in relation to the cash generated by, or funding requirements of, such underlying positions. Net interest is included in segment net revenues as it is consistent with the way in which management assesses segment performance.

• Overhead expenses not directly allocable to specific segments are allocated ratably based on direct segment expenses.

The table below presents the amounts of net interest income by segment included in net revenues.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking		$    –	$    –		$       –	$       –
Institutional Client Services		327	314		902	1,463
Investing & Lending		329	235		921	618
Investment Management		74	65		211	170
Total net interest income		$730	$614		$2,034	$2,251

The table below presents the amounts of depreciation and amortization expense by segment included in pre-tax earnings.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking		$  34	$  32		$   100	$     95
Institutional Client Services		127	118		372	346
Investing & Lending		70	52		191	165
Investment Management		49	45		139	125
Total depreciation and amortization		$280	$247		$   802	$   731

Geographic Information

Due to the highly integrated nature of international financial markets, the firm manages its businesses based on the profitability of the enterprise as a whole. The methodology for allocating profitability to geographic regions is dependent on estimates and management judgment because a significant portion of the firm’s activities require cross-border coordination in order to facilitate the needs of the firm’s clients.

Geographic results are generally allocated as follows:

• Investment Banking: location of the client and investment banking team.

• Institutional Client Services: FICC Client Execution, and Equities (excluding Securities Services): location of the market-making desk; Securities Services: location of the primary market for the underlying security.

• Investing & Lending: Investing: location of the investment; Lending: location of the client.

• Investment Management: location of the sales team.

The tables below present the total net revenues and pre-tax earnings of the firm by geographic region allocated based on the methodology referred to above, as well as the percentage of total net revenues and pre-tax earnings for each geographic region.

	Three Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016
Net revenues
Americas		$  4,870	58%	$  4,695	58%
EMEA		2,062	25%	2,079	25%
Asia		1,394	17%	1,394	17%
Total net revenues		$  8,326	100%	$  8,168	100%
Pre-tax earnings
Americas		$  1,696	57%	$  1,609	56%
EMEA		766	26%	716	25%
Asia		514	17%	543	19%
Total pre-tax earnings		$  2,976	100%	$  2,868	100%

	Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016
Net revenues
Americas		$14,603	60%	$13,395	60%
EMEA		6,081	25%	5,937	26%
Asia		3,555	15%	3,106	14%
Total net revenues		$24,239	100%	$22,438	100%
Pre-tax earnings
Americas		$  4,786	60%	$  4,099	59%
EMEA		2,098	26%	1,861	27%
Asia		1,140	14%	947	14%
Total pre-tax earnings		$  8,024	100%	$  6,907	100%

In the tables above:

• Substantially all of the amounts in Americas were attributable to the U.S.

• EMEA represents Europe, Middle East and Africa.

• Asia includes Australia and New Zealand.

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Credit Concentrations

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Risks and Uncertainties [Abstract]

Credit Concentrations

Note 26.

Credit Concentrations

The firm’s concentrations of credit risk arise from its market making, client facilitation, investing, underwriting, lending and collateralized transactions, and cash management activities, and may be impacted by changes in economic, industry or political factors. These activities expose the firm to many different industries and counterparties, and may also subject the firm to a concentration of credit risk to a particular central bank, counterparty, borrower or issuer, including sovereign issuers, or to a particular clearing house or exchange. The firm seeks to mitigate credit risk by actively monitoring exposures and obtaining collateral from counterparties as deemed appropriate.

The firm measures and monitors its credit exposure based on amounts owed to the firm after taking into account risk mitigants that management considers when determining credit risk. Such risk mitigants include netting and collateral arrangements and economic hedges, such as credit derivatives, futures and forward contracts. Netting and collateral agreements permit the firm to offset receivables and payables with such counterparties and/or enable the firm to obtain collateral on an upfront or contingent basis.

The table below presents the credit concentrations in cash instruments held by the firm and included in “Financial instruments owned.”

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
U.S. government and agency obligations		$74,392	$57,657
% of total assets		8.0%	6.7%
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		$39,691	$29,381
% of total assets		4.3%	3.4%

In addition, as of September 2017 and December 2016, the firm had $84.44 billion and $94.72 billion, respectively, of cash deposits held at central banks (included in “Cash and cash equivalents”), of which $47.39 billion and $74.24 billion, respectively, was held at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York.

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the firm did not have credit exposure to any other counterparty that exceeded 2% of total assets.

Collateral obtained by the firm related to derivative assets is principally cash and is held by the firm or a third-party custodian. Collateral obtained by the firm related to resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions is primarily U.S. government and agency obligations and non-U.S. government and agency obligations. See Note 10 for further information about collateralized agreements and financings.

The table below presents U.S. government and agency obligations and non-U.S. government and agency obligations that collateralize resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
U.S. government and agency obligations		$73,483	$89,721
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		$86,107	$80,234

In the table above:

• Non-U.S. government and agency obligations primarily consist of securities issued by the governments of Japan, France, the U.K. and Germany.

• Given that the firm’s primary credit exposure on such transactions is to the counterparty to the transaction, the firm would be exposed to the collateral issuer only in the event of counterparty default.

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Legal Proceedings

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Legal Proceedings

Note 27.

Legal Proceedings

The firm is involved in a number of judicial, regulatory and arbitration proceedings (including those described below) concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of the firm’s businesses. Many of these proceedings are in early stages, and many of these cases seek an indeterminate amount of damages.

Under ASC 450, an event is “reasonably possible” if “the chance of the future event or events occurring is more than remote but less than likely” and an event is “remote” if “the chance of the future event or events occurring is slight.” Thus, references to the upper end of the range of reasonably possible loss for cases in which the firm is able to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss mean the upper end of the range of loss for cases for which the firm believes the risk of loss is more than slight.

With respect to matters described below for which management has been able to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss where (i) actual or potential plaintiffs have claimed an amount of money damages, (ii) the firm is being, or threatened to be, sued by purchasers in a securities offering and is not being indemnified by a party that the firm believes will pay the full amount of any judgment, or (iii) the purchasers are demanding that the firm repurchase securities, management has estimated the upper end of the range of reasonably possible loss as being equal to (a) in the case of (i), the amount of money damages claimed, (b) in the case of (ii), the difference between the initial sales price of the securities that the firm sold in such offering and the estimated lowest subsequent price of such securities prior to the action being commenced and (c) in the case of (iii), the price that purchasers paid for the securities less the estimated value, if any, as of September 2017 of the relevant securities, in each of cases (i), (ii) and (iii), taking into account any other factors believed to be relevant to the particular matter or matters of that type. As of the date hereof, the firm has estimated the upper end of the range of reasonably possible aggregate loss for such matters and for any other matters described below where management has been able to estimate a range of reasonably possible aggregate loss to be approximately $1.6 billion in excess of the aggregate reserves for such matters.

Management is generally unable to estimate a range of reasonably possible loss for matters other than those included in the estimate above, including where (i) actual or potential plaintiffs have not claimed an amount of money damages, except in those instances where management can otherwise determine an appropriate amount, (ii) matters are in early stages, (iii) matters relate to regulatory investigations or reviews, except in those instances where management can otherwise determine an appropriate amount, (iv) there is uncertainty as to the likelihood of a class being certified or the ultimate size of the class, (v) there is uncertainty as to the outcome of pending appeals or motions, (vi) there are significant factual issues to be resolved, and/or (vii) there are novel legal issues presented. For example, the firm’s potential liabilities with respect to future mortgage-related “put-back” claims described below may ultimately result in an increase in the firm’s liabilities, but are not included in management’s estimate of reasonably possible loss. As another example, the firm’s potential liabilities with respect to the investigations and reviews described below in “Regulatory Investigations and Reviews and Related Litigation” also generally are not included in management’s estimate of reasonably possible loss. However, management does not believe, based on currently available information, that the outcomes of such other matters will have a material adverse effect on the firm’s financial condition, though the outcomes could be material to the firm’s operating results for any particular period, depending, in part, upon the operating results for such period. See Note 18 for further information about mortgage-related contingencies.

Mortgage-Related Matters

Beginning in April 2010, a number of purported securities law class actions were filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York challenging the adequacy of Group Inc.’s public disclosure of, among other things, the firm’s activities in the CDO market, the firm’s conflict of interest management, and the SEC investigation that led to GS&Co. entering into a consent agreement with the SEC, settling all claims made against GS&Co. by the SEC in connection with the ABACUS 2007-AC1 CDO offering (ABACUS 2007-AC1 transaction), pursuant to which GS&Co. paid $550 million of disgorgement and civil penalties.

The consolidated amended complaint filed on July 25, 2011, which names as defendants Group Inc. and certain current and former officers and employees of Group Inc. and its affiliates, generally alleges violations of Sections 10(b) and 20(a) of the Exchange Act and seeks unspecified damages. On June 21, 2012, the district court dismissed the claims based on Group Inc.’s not disclosing that it had received a “Wells” notice from the staff of the SEC related to the ABACUS 2007-AC1 transaction, but permitted the plaintiffs’ other claims to proceed. The district court granted class certification on September 24, 2015, but the appellate court granted defendants’ petition for review on January 26, 2016. On February 1, 2016, the district court stayed proceedings in the district court pending the appellate court’s decision.

In June 2012, the Board received a demand from a shareholder that the Board investigate and take action relating to the firm’s mortgage-related activities and to stock sales by certain directors and executives of the firm. On February 15, 2013, this shareholder filed a putative shareholder derivative action in New York Supreme Court, New York County, against Group Inc. and certain current or former directors and employees, based on these activities and stock sales. The derivative complaint includes allegations of breach of fiduciary duty, unjust enrichment, abuse of control, gross mismanagement and corporate waste, and seeks, among other things, unspecified monetary damages, disgorgement of profits and certain corporate governance and disclosure reforms. On May 28, 2013, Group Inc. informed the shareholder that the Board completed its investigation and determined to refuse the demand. On June 20, 2013, the shareholder made a books and records demand requesting materials relating to the Board’s determination. The parties have agreed to stay proceedings in the putative derivative action pending resolution of the books and records demand.

In addition, the Board has received books and records demands from several shareholders for materials relating to, among other subjects, the firm’s mortgage servicing and foreclosure activities, participation in federal programs providing assistance to financial institutions and homeowners, loan sales to Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, mortgage-related activities and conflicts management.

The firm has entered into agreements with Deutsche Bank National Trust Company and U.S. Bank National Association to toll the relevant statute of limitations with respect to claims for repurchase of residential mortgage loans based on alleged breaches of representations related to $11.1 billion original notional face amount of securitizations issued by trusts for which they act as trustees.

The firm has received subpoenas or requests for information from, and is engaged in discussions with, certain regulators and law enforcement agencies with which it has not entered into settlement agreements as part of inquiries or investigations relating to mortgage-related matters.

Director Compensation-Related Litigation

On May 9, 2017, Group Inc. and certain of its current and former directors were named as defendants in a purported direct and derivative shareholder action in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (a similar purported derivative action, filed in June 2015, alleging excessive director compensation over the period 2012 to 2014 was voluntarily dismissed without prejudice in December 2016). The new complaint alleges that excessive compensation has been paid to the non-employee director defendants since 2015, and that certain disclosures in connection with soliciting stockholder approval of the stock incentive plans were deficient. The complaint asserts claims for breaches of fiduciary duties and seeks, among other things, rescission or in some cases rescissory damages, disgorgement, and shareholder votes on several matters. Defendants moved to dismiss on July 28, 2017.

Currencies-Related Litigation

GS&Co. and Group Inc. are among the defendants named in putative class actions filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York beginning in September 2016 on behalf of putative indirect purchasers of foreign exchange instruments. The consolidated amended complaint, filed on June 30, 2017, generally alleges a conspiracy to manipulate the foreign currency exchange markets and asserts claims under federal and state antitrust laws and state consumer protection laws and seeks injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount. Defendants moved to dismiss on August 11, 2017.

Financial Advisory Services

Group Inc. and certain of its affiliates are from time to time parties to various civil litigation and arbitration proceedings and other disputes with clients and third parties relating to the firm’s financial advisory activities. These claims generally seek, among other things, compensatory damages and, in some cases, punitive damages, and in certain cases allege that the firm did not appropriately disclose or deal with conflicts of interest.

Underwriting Litigation

Firm affiliates are among the defendants in a number of proceedings in connection with securities offerings. In these proceedings, including those described below, the plaintiffs assert class action or individual claims under federal and state securities laws and in some cases other applicable laws, allege that the offering documents for the securities that they purchased contained material misstatements and omissions, and generally seek compensatory and rescissory damages in unspecified amounts. Certain of these proceedings involve additional allegations.

Cobalt International Energy. Cobalt International Energy, Inc. (Cobalt), certain of its officers and directors (including employees of affiliates of Group Inc. who served as directors of Cobalt), affiliates of shareholders of Cobalt (including Group Inc.) and the underwriters (including GS&Co.) for certain offerings of Cobalt’s securities are defendants in a putative securities class action filed on November 30, 2014 in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas. The second consolidated amended complaint, filed on March 15, 2017, relates to a $1.67 billion February 2012 offering of Cobalt common stock, a $1.38 billion December 2012 offering of Cobalt’s convertible notes, a $1.00 billion January 2013 offering of Cobalt’s common stock, a $1.33 billion May 2013 offering of Cobalt’s common stock, and a $1.30 billion May 2014 offering of Cobalt’s convertible notes.

The consolidated amended complaint alleges that, among others, Group Inc. and GS&Co. are liable as controlling persons with respect to all five offerings, and that the shareholder affiliates (including Group Inc.) are liable for the sale of Cobalt common stock on the basis of inside information. The consolidated amended complaint also seeks damages from GS&Co. in connection with its acting as an underwriter of 16,594,500 shares of common stock representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $465 million, $690 million principal amount of convertible notes, and approximately $508 million principal amount of convertible notes in the February 2012, December 2012 and May 2014 offerings, respectively, for an aggregate offering price of approximately $1.66 billion.

On January 19, 2016, the court granted, with leave to replead, the underwriter defendants’ motions to dismiss as to claims by plaintiffs who purchased Cobalt securities after April 30, 2013, but denied the motions to dismiss in all other respects. On June 15, 2017, the court granted the plaintiffs’ motion for class certification and denied certain of the shareholder affiliates’ motions (including Group Inc.) to dismiss the claim alleging sales based on inside information. On August 4, 2017, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit granted defendants’ petition for interlocutory review of the class certification order. On August 23, 2017, the district court denied the defendants’ motion for reconsideration of certain aspects of the class certification order. The district court and the Fifth Circuit have denied defendants’ request to stay discovery pending resolution of the Fifth Circuit proceeding.

Cobalt, certain of its officers and directors (including employees of affiliates of Group Inc. who served as directors of Cobalt), certain shareholders of Cobalt (including funds affiliated with Group Inc.), and affiliates of these shareholders (including Group Inc.) are defendants in putative shareholder derivative actions filed on May 6, 2016 and November 29, 2016 in Texas District Court, Harris County. As to the director and officer defendants (including employees of affiliates of Group Inc. who served as directors of Cobalt), the petitions generally allege that they breached their fiduciary duties under state law by making materially false and misleading statements concerning Cobalt. As to the shareholder defendants and their affiliates (including Group Inc. and several affiliated funds), the original petition also alleges that they breached their fiduciary duties by selling Cobalt securities in the common stock offerings described above on the basis of inside information. The petitions seek, among other things, unspecified monetary damages and disgorgement of proceeds from the sale of Cobalt common stock. On March 6, 2017, the court denied defendants’ motion to dismiss the May petition as to the shareholder defendants and their affiliates (including Group Inc. and its affiliated funds). Defendants moved to dismiss the November petition on January 30, 2017.

Adeptus Health. GS&Co. is among the underwriters named as defendants in several putative securities class actions, filed beginning in October 2016 and consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas. In addition to the underwriters, the defendants include Adeptus Health Inc. (Adeptus), its sponsor, and certain directors and officers of Adeptus. As to the underwriters, the complaints relate to the $124 million June 2014 initial public offering, the $154 million May 2015 secondary equity offering, the $411 million July 2015 secondary equity offering, and the $175 million June 2016 secondary equity offering. GS&Co. underwrote 1.69 million shares of common stock in the June 2014 initial public offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $37 million, 962,378 shares of common stock in the May 2015 offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $61 million, 1.76 million shares of common stock in the July 2015 offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $184 million, and all the shares of common stock in the June 2016 offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $175 million. On April 19, 2017, Adeptus filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

TerraForm Global and SunEdison. GS&Co. is among the underwriters, placement agents and initial purchasers named as defendants in several putative class actions and individual actions filed beginning in October 2015 relating to the $675 million July 2015 initial public offering of the common stock of TerraForm Global, Inc. (TerraForm Global), the August 2015 public offering of $650 million of SunEdison convertible preferred stock, the June 2015 private placement of $335 million of TerraForm Global Class D units, and the August 2015 Rule 144A offering of $810 million principal amount of TerraForm Global senior notes. SunEdison is TerraForm Global’s controlling shareholder and sponsor. Beginning in October 2016, the pending cases were transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York.

On January 16, 2017, certain plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint relating to TerraForm Global’s initial public offering, and, on March 17, 2017, certain plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint relating to SunEdison’s convertible preferred stock offering. The defendants also include TerraForm Global, SunEdison and certain of their directors and officers. Defendants moved to dismiss the class action complaints on June 9, 2017.

TerraForm Global sold 154,800 Class D units, representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $155 million, to the individual plaintiffs. GS&Co., as underwriter, sold 138,890 shares of SunEdison convertible preferred stock in the offering, representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $139 million and sold 2,340,000 shares of TerraForm Global common stock in the initial public offering representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $35 million. GS&Co., as initial purchaser, sold approximately $49 million principal amount of TerraForm Global senior notes in the Rule 144A offering. On April 21, 2016, SunEdison filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy.

Valeant Pharmaceuticals International. GS&Co. and Goldman Sachs Canada Inc. (GS Canada) are among the underwriters and initial purchasers named as defendants in a putative class action filed on March 2, 2016 in the Superior Court of Quebec, Canada. In addition to the underwriters and initial purchasers, the defendants include Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. (Valeant), certain directors and officers of Valeant and Valeant’s auditor. As to GS&Co. and GS Canada, the complaint relates to the June 2013 public offering of $2.3 billion of common stock, the June 2013 Rule 144A offering of $3.2 billion principal amount of senior notes, and the November 2013 Rule 144A offering of $900 million principal amount of senior notes. The complaint asserts claims under the Quebec Securities Act and the Civil Code of Quebec. On August 29, 2017, the court certified a class that includes only non-U.S. purchasers in the offerings. On October 11, 2017, a motion for leave to appeal the certification decision was filed with the Quebec Court of Appeal.

GS&Co. and GS Canada, as sole underwriters, sold 5,334,897 shares of common stock in the June 2013 offering to non-U.S. purchasers representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $453 million and, as initial purchasers, had a proportional share of sales to non-U.S. purchasers of approximately CAD14.2 million in principal amount of senior notes in the June 2013 and November 2013 Rule 144A offerings.

Snap Inc. GS&Co. is among the underwriters named as defendants in putative securities class actions pending in California Superior Court, County of Los Angeles and the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California beginning in May 2017, relating to Snap Inc.’s $3.91 billion March 2017 initial public offering. Plaintiffs have filed a motion to remand one of the actions in federal court to California Superior Court, County of San Mateo. In addition to the underwriters, the defendants include Snap Inc. and certain of its officers and directors. GS&Co. underwrote 57,040,000 shares of common stock representing an aggregate offering price of approximately $970 million.

Investment Management Services

Group Inc. and certain of its affiliates are parties to various civil litigation and arbitration proceedings and other disputes with clients relating to losses allegedly sustained as a result of the firm’s investment management services. These claims generally seek, among other things, restitution or other compensatory damages and, in some cases, punitive damages.

Interest Rate Swap Antitrust Litigation

Group Inc., GS&Co., GSI, GS Bank USA and Goldman Sachs Financial Markets, L.P. (GSFM) are among the defendants named in a putative antitrust class action relating to the trading of interest rate swaps, filed in November 2015 and consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. Group Inc., GS&Co., GSI, GS Bank USA and GSFM also are among the defendants named in an antitrust action relating to the trading of interest rate swaps filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York in April 2016 by two operators of swap execution facilities and certain of their affiliates. These actions have been consolidated for pretrial proceedings. The second consolidated amended complaint in both actions, filed on December 9, 2016, generally asserts claims under federal antitrust law and state common law in connection with an alleged conspiracy among the defendants to preclude exchange trading of interest rate swaps. The complaint in the individual action also asserts claims under state antitrust law. The complaints seek declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount. Defendants moved to dismiss both actions on January 20, 2017. On July 28, 2017, the district court issued a decision dismissing the state common law claims asserted by the plaintiffs in the individual action and otherwise limiting the antitrust claims in both actions to the period from 2013 to 2016.

Securities Lending Antitrust Litigation

Group Inc. and GS&Co. are among the defendants named in a putative antitrust class action relating to securities lending practices filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York on August 16, 2017. The complaint generally asserts claims under federal antitrust law and state common law in connection with an alleged conspiracy among the defendants to preclude the development of electronic platforms for securities lending transactions. The complaint seeks declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount.

Credit Default Swap Antitrust Litigation

Group Inc., GS&Co., GSI, GS Bank USA and GSFM are among the defendants named in an antitrust action relating to the trading of credit default swaps filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York on June 8, 2017 by the operator of a swap execution facility and certain of its affiliates. The complaint generally asserts claims under federal and state antitrust laws and state common law in connection with an alleged conspiracy among the defendants to preclude trading of credit default swaps on the plaintiffs’ swap execution facility. The complaint seeks declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount. Defendants moved to dismiss on September 11, 2017.

Commodities-Related Litigation

GSI is among the defendants named in putative class actions relating to trading in platinum and palladium, filed beginning on November 25, 2014 and most recently amended on May 15, 2017, in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. The third consolidated amended complaint generally alleges that the defendants violated federal antitrust laws and the Commodity Exchange Act in connection with an alleged conspiracy to manipulate a benchmark for physical platinum and palladium prices and seek declaratory and injunctive relief, as well as treble damages in an unspecified amount. Defendants moved to dismiss the third consolidated amended complaint on July 21, 2017.

U.S. Treasury Securities Litigation

GS&Co. is among the primary dealers named as defendants in several putative class actions relating to the market for U.S. Treasury securities, filed beginning in July 2015 and consolidated in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. GS&Co. is also among the primary dealers named as defendants in a similar individual action filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York on August 25, 2017. The complaints generally allege that the defendants violated the federal antitrust laws and the Commodity Exchange Act in connection with an alleged conspiracy to manipulate the when-issued market and auctions for U.S. Treasury securities, as well as related futures and options, and seek declaratory and injunctive relief, treble damages in an unspecified amount and restitution.

Employment-Related Matters

On September 15, 2010, a putative class action was filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York by three female former employees alleging that Group Inc. and GS&Co. have systematically discriminated against female employees in respect of compensation, promotion, assignments, mentoring and performance evaluations. The complaint alleges a class consisting of all female employees employed at specified levels in specified areas by Group Inc. and GS&Co. since July 2002, and asserts claims under federal and New York City discrimination laws. The complaint seeks class action status, injunctive relief and unspecified amounts of compensatory, punitive and other damages.

On July 17, 2012, the district court issued a decision granting in part Group Inc.’s and GS&Co.’s motion to strike certain of plaintiffs’ class allegations on the ground that plaintiffs lacked standing to pursue certain equitable remedies and denying Group Inc.’s and GS&Co.’s motion to strike plaintiffs’ class allegations in their entirety as premature. On March 21, 2013, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit held that arbitration should be compelled with one of the named plaintiffs, who as a managing director was a party to an arbitration agreement with the firm. On March 10, 2015, the magistrate judge to whom the district judge assigned the remaining plaintiffs’ May 2014 motion for class certification recommended that the motion be denied in all respects. On August 3, 2015, the magistrate judge granted the plaintiffs’ motion to intervene two female individuals, one of whom was employed by the firm as of September 2010 and the other of whom ceased to be an employee of the firm subsequent to the magistrate judge’s decision. On June 6, 2016, the district court affirmed the magistrate judge’s decision on intervention. On August 30, 2017, the district court vacated that portion of the magistrate judge’s March 10, 2015 decision that recommended denial of plaintiffs’ motion for certification of an injunctive and declaratory judgment class and referred to the magistrate judge the issue of what additional discovery is needed in connection with consideration of that motion.

1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB)-Related Matters

The firm has received subpoenas and requests for documents and information from various governmental and regulatory bodies and self-regulatory organizations as part of investigations and reviews relating to financing transactions and other matters involving 1MDB, a sovereign wealth fund in Malaysia. The firm is cooperating with all such governmental and regulatory investigations and reviews.

Regulatory Investigations and Reviews and Related Litigation

Group Inc. and certain of its affiliates are subject to a number of other investigations and reviews by, and in some cases have received subpoenas and requests for documents and information from, various governmental and regulatory bodies and self-regulatory organizations and litigation and shareholder requests relating to various matters relating to the firm’s businesses and operations, including:

• The 2008 financial crisis;

• The public offering process;

• The firm’s investment management and financial advisory services;

• Conflicts of interest;

• Research practices, including research independence and interactions between research analysts and other firm personnel, including investment banking personnel, as well as third parties;

• Transactions involving government-related financings and other matters, municipal securities, including wall-cross procedures and conflict of interest disclosure with respect to state and municipal clients, the trading and structuring of municipal derivative instruments in connection with municipal offerings, political contribution rules, municipal advisory services and the possible impact of credit default swap transactions on municipal issuers;

• The offering, auction, sales, trading and clearance of corporate and government securities, currencies, commodities and other financial products and related sales and other communications and activities, as well as the firm’s supervision and controls relating to such activities, including compliance with the SEC’s short sale rule, algorithmic, high-frequency and quantitative trading, the firm’s U.S. alternative trading system (dark pool), futures trading, options trading, when-issued trading, transaction reporting, technology systems and controls, securities lending practices, trading and clearance of credit derivative instruments and interest rate swaps, commodities activities and metals storage, private placement practices, allocations of and trading in securities, and trading activities and communications in connection with the establishment of benchmark rates, such as currency rates;

• Compliance with the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act;

• The firm’s hiring and compensation practices;

• The firm’s system of risk management and controls; and

• Insider trading, the potential misuse and dissemination of material nonpublic information regarding corporate and governmental developments and the effectiveness of the firm’s insider trading controls and information barriers.

The firm is cooperating with all such governmental and regulatory investigations and reviews.

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Basis of Presentation (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

These condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) and include the accounts of Group Inc. and all other entities in which the firm has a controlling financial interest. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Consolidation, Policy

Consolidation

The firm consolidates entities in which the firm has a controlling financial interest. The firm determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity or a variable interest entity (VIE).

Voting Interest Entities. Voting interest entities are entities in which (i) the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable the entity to finance its activities independently and (ii) the equity holders have the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact its economic performance, the obligation to absorb the losses of the entity and the right to receive the residual returns of the entity. The usual condition for a controlling financial interest in a voting interest entity is ownership of a majority voting interest. If the firm has a controlling majority voting interest in a voting interest entity, the entity is consolidated.

Variable Interest Entities. A VIE is an entity that lacks one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity. The firm has a controlling financial interest in a VIE when the firm has a variable interest or interests that provide it with (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. See Note 12 for further information about VIEs.

Equity-Method Investments. When the firm does not have a controlling financial interest in an entity but can exert significant influence over the entity’s operating and financial policies, the investment is accounted for either (i) under the equity method of accounting or (ii) at fair value by electing the fair value option available under U.S. GAAP. Significant influence generally exists when the firm owns 20% to 50% of the entity’s common stock or in-substance common stock.

In general, the firm accounts for investments acquired after the fair value option became available, at fair value. In certain cases, the firm applies the equity method of accounting to new investments that are strategic in nature or closely related to the firm’s principal business activities, when the firm has a significant degree of involvement in the cash flows or operations of the investee or when cost-benefit considerations are less significant. See Note 13 for further information about equity-method investments.

Investment Funds. The firm has formed numerous investment funds with third-party investors. These funds are typically organized as limited partnerships or limited liability companies for which the firm acts as general partner or manager. Generally, the firm does not hold a majority of the economic interests in these funds. These funds are usually voting interest entities and generally are not consolidated because third-party investors typically have rights to terminate the funds or to remove the firm as general partner or manager. Investments in these funds are generally measured at net asset value (NAV) and are included in “Financial instruments owned.” See Notes 6, 18 and 22 for further information about investments in funds.

Equity Method Investments

Equity-Method Investments. When the firm does not have a controlling financial interest in an entity but can exert significant influence over the entity’s operating and financial policies, the investment is accounted for either (i) under the equity method of accounting or (ii) at fair value by electing the fair value option available under U.S. GAAP. Significant influence generally exists when the firm owns 20% to 50% of the entity’s common stock or in-substance common stock.

In general, the firm accounts for investments acquired after the fair value option became available, at fair value. In certain cases, the firm applies the equity method of accounting to new investments that are strategic in nature or closely related to the firm’s principal business activities, when the firm has a significant degree of involvement in the cash flows or operations of the investee or when cost-benefit considerations are less significant. See Note 13 for further information about equity-method investments.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

Preparation of these condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make certain estimates and assumptions, the most important of which relate to fair value measurements, accounting for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, discretionary compensation accruals, the provisions for losses that may arise from litigation, regulatory proceedings (including governmental investigations) and tax audits, and the allowance for losses on loans receivable and lending commitments held for investment. These estimates and assumptions are based on the best available information but actual results could be materially different.

Revenue Recognition, Policy

Revenue Recognition

Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities at Fair Value. Financial instruments owned and Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased are recorded at fair value either under the fair value option or in accordance with other U.S. GAAP. In addition, the firm has elected to account for certain of its other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value by electing the fair value option. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial assets are marked to bid prices and financial liabilities are marked to offer prices. Fair value measurements do not include transaction costs. Fair value gains or losses are generally included in “Market making” for positions in Institutional Client Services and “Other principal transactions” for positions in Investing & Lending. See Notes 5 through 8 for further information about fair value measurements.

Investment Banking. Fees from financial advisory assignments and underwriting revenues are recognized in earnings when the services related to the underlying transaction are completed under the terms of the assignment. Expenses associated with such transactions are deferred until the related revenue is recognized or the assignment is otherwise concluded. Expenses associated with financial advisory assignments are recorded as non-compensation expenses, net of client reimbursements. Underwriting revenues are presented net of related expenses.

Investment Management. The firm earns management fees and incentive fees for investment management services. Management fees for mutual funds are calculated as a percentage of daily net asset value and are received monthly. Management fees for hedge funds and separately managed accounts are calculated as a percentage of month-end net asset value and are generally received quarterly. Management fees for private equity funds are calculated as a percentage of monthly invested capital or commitments and are received quarterly, semi-annually or annually, depending on the fund. All management fees are recognized over the period that the related service is provided. Incentive fees are calculated as a percentage of a fund’s or separately managed account’s return, or excess return above a specified benchmark or other performance target. Incentive fees are generally based on investment performance over a 12-month period or over the life of a fund. Fees that are based on performance over a 12-month period are subject to adjustment prior to the end of the measurement period. For fees that are based on investment performance over the life of the fund, future investment underperformance may require fees previously distributed to the firm to be returned to the fund. Incentive fees are recognized only when all material contingencies have been resolved. Management and incentive fee revenues are included in “Investment management” revenues.

The firm makes payments to brokers and advisors related to the placement of the firm’s investment funds. These payments are calculated based on either a percentage of the management fee or the investment fund’s net asset value. Where the firm is principal to the arrangement, such costs are recorded on a gross basis and included in “Brokerage, clearing, exchange and distribution fees,” and where the firm is agent to the arrangement, such costs are recorded on a net basis in “Investment management” revenues.

Commissions and Fees. The firm earns “Commissions and fees” from executing and clearing client transactions on stock, options and futures markets, as well as over-the-counter (OTC) transactions. Commissions and fees are recognized on the day the trade is executed.

Transfers of Financial Assets, Policy

Transfers of Financial Assets

Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when the firm has relinquished control over the assets transferred. For transfers of financial assets accounted for as sales, any gains or losses are recognized in net revenues. Assets or liabilities that arise from the firm’s continuing involvement with transferred financial assets are initially recognized at fair value. For transfers of financial assets that are not accounted for as sales, the assets generally remain in “Financial instruments owned” and the transfer is accounted for as a collateralized financing, with the related interest expense recognized over the life of the transaction. See Note 10 for further information about transfers of financial assets accounted for as collateralized financings and Note 11 for further information about transfers of financial assets accounted for as sales.

Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The firm defines cash equivalents as highly liquid overnight deposits held in the ordinary course of business. As of September 2017 and December 2016, “Cash and cash equivalents” included $11.66 billion and $11.15 billion, respectively, of cash and due from banks, and $104.95 billion and $110.56 billion, respectively, of interest-bearing deposits with banks. The firm segregates cash for regulatory and other purposes related to client activity. As of September 2017 and December 2016, $17.42 billion and $14.65 billion, respectively, of “Cash and cash equivalents” were segregated for regulatory and other purposes. See “Recent Accounting Developments” for further information.

 In addition, the firm segregates securities for regulatory and other purposes related to client activity. See Note 10 for further information about segregated securities.

Receivables from and Payables to Brokers, Dealers and Clearing Organizations, Policy

Receivables from and Payables to Brokers, Dealers and Clearing Organizations

Receivables from and payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations are accounted for at cost plus accrued interest, which generally approximates fair value. While these receivables and payables are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these receivables and payables been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016.

Receivables from Customers and Counterparties, Policy

Receivables from Customers and Counterparties

Receivables from customers and counterparties generally relate to collateralized transactions. Such receivables primarily consist of customer margin loans, certain transfers of assets accounted for as secured loans rather than purchases at fair value and collateral posted in connection with certain derivative transactions. Substantially all of these receivables are accounted for at amortized cost net of estimated uncollectible amounts. Certain of the firm’s receivables from customers and counterparties are accounted for at fair value under the fair value option, with changes in fair value generally included in “Market making” revenues. See Note 8 for further information about receivables from customers and counterparties accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. In addition, as of September 2017 and December 2016, the firm’s receivables from customers and counterparties included $3.28 billion and $2.60 billion, respectively, of loans held for sale, accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value. See Note 5 for an overview of the firm’s fair value measurement policies.

As of both September 2017 and December 2016, the carrying value of receivables not accounted for at fair value generally approximated fair value. While these receivables are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these receivables been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016. Interest on receivables from customers and counterparties is recognized over the life of the transaction and included in “Interest income.”

Payables to Customers and Counterparties, Policy

Payables to Customers and Counterparties

Payables to customers and counterparties primarily consist of customer credit balances related to the firm’s prime brokerage activities. Payables to customers and counterparties are accounted for at cost plus accrued interest, which generally approximates fair value. While these payables are carried at amounts that approximate fair value, they are not accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or at fair value in accordance with other U.S. GAAP and therefore are not included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy in Notes 6 through 8. Had these payables been included in the firm’s fair value hierarchy, substantially all would have been classified in level 2 as of both September 2017 and December 2016. Interest on payables to customers and counterparties is recognized over the life of the transaction and included in “Interest expense.”

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities, Policy

Offsetting Assets and Liabilities

To reduce credit exposures on derivatives and securities financing transactions, the firm may enter into master netting agreements or similar arrangements (collectively, netting agreements) with counterparties that permit it to offset receivables and payables with such counterparties. A netting agreement is a contract with a counterparty that permits net settlement of multiple transactions with that counterparty, including upon the exercise of termination rights by a non-defaulting party. Upon exercise of such termination rights, all transactions governed by the netting agreement are terminated and a net settlement amount is calculated. In addition, the firm receives and posts cash and securities collateral with respect to its derivatives and securities financing transactions, subject to the terms of the related credit support agreements or similar arrangements (collectively, credit support agreements). An enforceable credit support agreement grants the non-defaulting party exercising termination rights the right to liquidate the collateral and apply the proceeds to any amounts owed. In order to assess enforceability of the firm’s right of setoff under netting and credit support agreements, the firm evaluates various factors including applicable bankruptcy laws, local statutes and regulatory provisions in the jurisdiction of the parties to the agreement.

Derivatives are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis (i.e., the net payable or receivable for derivative assets and liabilities for a given counterparty) in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition when a legal right of setoff exists under an enforceable netting agreement. Resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions with the same term and currency are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition when such transactions meet certain settlement criteria and are subject to netting agreements.

In the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, derivatives are reported net of cash collateral received and posted under enforceable credit support agreements, when transacted under an enforceable netting agreement. In the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, resale and repurchase agreements, and securities borrowed and loaned, are not reported net of the related cash and securities received or posted as collateral. See Note 10 for further information about collateral received and pledged, including rights to deliver or repledge collateral. See Notes 7 and 10 for further information about offsetting.

Share-based Compensation, Policy

Share-based Compensation

The cost of employee services received in exchange for a share-based award is generally measured based on the grant-date fair value of the award. Share-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards, including awards granted to retirement-eligible employees) are expensed immediately. Share-based awards that require future service are amortized over the relevant service period. Effective January 2017, forfeitures are recorded when they occur. Prior to January 2017, expected forfeitures were estimated and recorded over the vesting period. See “Recent Accounting Developments — Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (ASC 718)” for further information.

Cash dividend equivalents paid on outstanding restricted stock units (RSUs) are charged to retained earnings. If RSUs that require future service are forfeited, the related dividend equivalents originally charged to retained earnings are reclassified to compensation expense in the period in which forfeiture occurs.

The firm generally issues new shares of common stock upon delivery of share-based awards. In certain cases, primarily related to conflicted employment (as outlined in the applicable award agreements), the firm may cash settle share-based compensation awards accounted for as equity instruments. For these awards, whose terms allow for cash settlement, additional paid-in capital is adjusted to the extent of the difference between the value of the award at the time of cash settlement and the grant-date value of the award.

Foreign Currency Translation, Policy

Foreign Currency Translation

Assets and liabilities denominated in non-U.S. currencies are translated at rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange for the period. Foreign currency remeasurement gains or losses on transactions in nonfunctional currencies are recognized in earnings. Gains or losses on translation of the financial statements of a non-U.S. operation, when the functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar, are included, net of hedges and taxes, in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Recent Accounting Developments

Recent Accounting Developments

Revenue from Contracts with Customers (ASC 606). In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606).” This ASU, as amended, provides comprehensive guidance on the recognition of revenue from customers arising from the transfer of goods and services, guidance on accounting for certain contract costs, and new disclosures.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a modified retrospective approach or retrospectively to all periods presented. The firm’s implementation efforts have included identifying revenues and costs within the scope of the ASU, reviewing contracts, and analyzing any changes to its existing revenue recognition policies. As a result of adopting this ASU, the firm will, among other things, recognize certain investment management fees earlier than under the firm’s current revenue recognition policy. The firm will also change the current presentation of certain costs from a net presentation within net revenues to a gross basis, and vice versa. The firm will adopt this ASU in January 2018 using a modified retrospective approach. The firm does not currently expect that the ASU will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows on the date of adoption.

Measuring the Financial Assets and the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity (ASC 810). In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-13, “Consolidation (Topic 810) — Measuring the Financial Assets and the Financial Liabilities of a Consolidated Collateralized Financing Entity (CFE).” This ASU provides an alternative to reflect changes in the fair value of the financial assets and the financial liabilities of the CFE by measuring either the fair value of the assets or liabilities, whichever is more observable, and provides new disclosure requirements for those electing this approach.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2016. Adoption of the ASU did not materially affect the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis (ASC 810). In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, “Consolidation (Topic 810) — Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis.” This ASU eliminates the deferral of the requirements of ASU No. 2009-17, “Consolidations (Topic 810) — Improvements to Financial Reporting by Enterprises Involved with Variable Interest Entities” for certain interests in investment funds and provides a scope exception for certain investments in money market funds. It also makes several modifications to the consolidation guidance for VIEs and general partners’ investments in limited partnerships, as well as modifications to the evaluation of whether limited partnerships are VIEs or voting interest entities.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2016, using a modified retrospective approach. The impact of adoption was a net reduction to both total assets and total liabilities of approximately $200 million, substantially all included in “Financial instruments owned” and in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses,” respectively. Adoption of this ASU did not have an impact on the firm’s results of operations. See Note 12 for further information about the adoption.

Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments (ASC 805). In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) — Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments.” This ASU eliminates the requirement for an acquirer in a business combination to account for measurement-period adjustments retrospectively.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2016. Adoption of the ASU did not materially affect the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (ASC 825). In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, “Financial Instruments (Topic 825) — Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities.” This ASU amends certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of financial instruments. It includes a requirement to present separately in other comprehensive income changes in fair value attributable to a firm’s own credit spreads (debt valuation adjustment or DVA), net of tax, on financial liabilities for which the fair value option was elected.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018. Early adoption is permitted under a modified retrospective approach for the requirements related to DVA. In January 2016, the firm early adopted this ASU for the requirements related to DVA and reclassified the cumulative DVA, a gain of $305 million (net of tax), from “Retained earnings” to “Accumulated other comprehensive loss.” The firm does not expect the adoption of the remaining provisions of the ASU to have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Leases (ASC 842). In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” This ASU requires that, for leases longer than one year, a lessee recognize in the statements of financial condition a right-of-use asset, representing the right to use the underlying asset for the lease term, and a lease liability, representing the liability to make lease payments. It also requires that for finance leases, a lessee recognize interest expense on the lease liability, separately from the amortization of the right-of-use asset in the statements of earnings, while for operating leases, such amounts should be recognized as a combined expense. In addition, this ASU requires expanded disclosures about the nature and terms of lease agreements.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2019 under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The firm’s implementation efforts include reviewing existing leases and service contracts, which may include embedded leases. The firm expects a gross up on its consolidated statements of financial condition upon recognition of the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities and does not expect the amount of the gross up to have a material impact on its financial condition.

Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting (ASC 718). In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation — Stock Compensation (Topic 718) — Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” This ASU includes a requirement that the tax effect related to the settlement of share-based awards be recorded in income tax benefit or expense in the statements of earnings rather than directly to additional paid-in capital. This change has no impact on total shareholders’ equity and is required to be adopted prospectively. The ASU also allows for forfeitures to be recorded when they occur rather than estimated over the vesting period. This change is required to be applied on a modified retrospective basis.

The firm adopted the ASU in January 2017 and the impact of the RSU deliveries and option exercises during the nine months ended September 2017 was a reduction to the provision for taxes of $496 million, which was recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of earnings. The impact will vary in future periods depending upon, among other things, the number of RSUs delivered and their change in value since grant. Prior to the adoption of this ASU, this amount would have been recorded directly to additional paid-in capital. The firm also elected to account for forfeitures as they occur, rather than to estimate forfeitures over the vesting period, and the cumulative effect of this election upon adoption was an increase of $35 million to “Share-based awards” and a decrease of $24 million (net of tax of $11 million) to “Retained earnings” within the condensed consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ equity.

In addition, the ASU modifies the classification of certain share-based payment activities within the statements of cash flows. As a result, the firm reclassified, on a retrospective basis, a cash outflow of $961 million related to the settlement of share-based awards in satisfaction of withholding tax requirements from operating activities to financing activities and a cash inflow of $97 million of excess tax benefits related to share-based awards from financing activities to operating activities within the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the nine months ended September 2016.

Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments (ASC 326). In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments — Credit Losses (Topic 326) — Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” This ASU amends several aspects of the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments, including replacing the existing incurred credit loss model and other models with the Current Expected Credit Losses (CECL) model and amending certain aspects of accounting for purchased financial assets with deterioration in credit quality since origination.

Under CECL, the allowance for losses for financial assets that are measured at amortized cost reflects management’s estimate of credit losses over the remaining expected life of the financial assets. Expected credit losses for newly recognized financial assets, as well as changes to expected credit losses during the period, would be recognized in earnings. For certain purchased financial assets with deterioration in credit quality since origination, an initial allowance would be recorded for expected credit losses and recognized as an increase to the purchase price rather than as an expense. Expected credit losses, including losses on off-balance-sheet exposures such as lending commitments, will be measured based on historical experience, current conditions and forecasts that affect the collectability of the reported amount.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2020 under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted in January 2019. Adoption of the ASU will result in earlier recognition of credit losses and an increase in the recorded allowance for certain purchased loans with deterioration in credit quality since origination with a corresponding increase to their gross carrying value. The impact of adoption of this ASU on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations and cash flows will depend on, among other things, the economic environment and the type of financial assets held by the firm on the date of adoption.

Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (ASC 230). In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) — Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments.” This ASU provides guidance on the disclosure and classification of certain items within the statements of cash flows.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a retrospective approach. Since the ASU only impacts classification in the statements of cash flows, adoption will not affect the firm’s cash and cash equivalents.

Restricted Cash (ASC 230). In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) — Restricted Cash.” This ASU requires that cash segregated for regulatory and other purposes be included in cash and cash equivalents disclosed in the statements of cash flows and is required to be applied retrospectively.

The firm early adopted the ASU in December 2016 and reclassified cash segregated for regulatory and other purposes into “Cash and cash equivalents” disclosed in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The impact of adoption was an increase of $134 million for the nine months ended September 2016 to “Net cash provided by operating activities.” In addition, in December 2016, to be consistent with the presentation of segregated cash in the consolidated statements of cash flows under the ASU, the firm reclassified amounts previously included in “Cash and securities segregated for regulatory and other purposes” into “Cash and cash equivalents,” “Securities purchased under agreements to resell,” “Securities borrowed” and “Financial instruments owned” in the consolidated statements of financial condition. Previously reported amounts in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows and notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements have been conformed to the current presentation.

Clarifying the Definition of a Business (ASC 805). In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) — Clarifying the Definition of a Business.” The ASU amends the definition of a business and provides a threshold which must be considered to determine whether a transaction is an acquisition (or disposal) of an asset or a business.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a prospective approach. The impact of this ASU will depend on the nature of the firm’s activities after adoption, although the firm expects that fewer transactions will be treated as acquisitions (or disposals) of businesses.

Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (ASC 350). In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, “Intangibles — Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) — Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.” The ASU simplifies the quantitative goodwill impairment test by eliminating the second step of the test. Under this ASU, impairment will be measured by comparing the estimated fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying value.

The ASU is effective for the firm in 2020. The firm early adopted this ASU in the fourth quarter of 2017. The firm does not expect that adoption will have a material impact on the results of its goodwill impairment test.

Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets (ASC 610-20). In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, “Other Income — Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20) — Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets.” The ASU clarifies the scope of guidance applicable to sales of nonfinancial assets and also provides guidance on accounting for partial sales of such assets.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2018 under a retrospective or modified retrospective approach. The firm will adopt this ASU using a modified retrospective approach and does not expect adoption of the ASU will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities (ASC 815). In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815) — Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” The ASU amends certain of the rules for hedging relationships and expands the types of strategies that are eligible for hedge accounting treatment to more closely align the results of hedge accounting with risk management activities.

The ASU is effective for the firm in January 2019 under a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The firm expects to early adopt the ASU in the first quarter of 2018. The firm does not currently expect that adoption of the ASU will have a material impact on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Fair Value Measurements, Policy

Fair Value Measurements

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Financial assets are marked to bid prices and financial liabilities are marked to offer prices. Fair value measurements do not include transaction costs. The firm measures certain financial assets and financial liabilities as a portfolio (i.e., based on its net exposure to market and/or credit risks).

The best evidence of fair value is a quoted price in an active market. If quoted prices in active markets are not available, fair value is determined by reference to prices for similar instruments, quoted prices or recent transactions in less active markets, or internally developed models that primarily use market-based or independently sourced inputs including, but not limited to, interest rates, volatilities, equity or debt prices, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, credit spreads and funding spreads (i.e., the spread or difference between the interest rate at which a borrower could finance a given financial instrument relative to a benchmark interest rate).

U.S. GAAP has a three-level hierarchy for disclosure of fair value measurements. This hierarchy prioritizes inputs to the valuation techniques used to measure fair value, giving the highest priority to level 1 inputs and the lowest priority to level 3 inputs. A financial instrument’s level in this hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to its fair value measurement. In evaluating the significance of a valuation input, the firm considers, among other factors, a portfolio’s net risk exposure to that input. The fair value hierarchy is as follows:

Level 1. Inputs are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets to which the firm had access at the measurement date for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.

Level 2. Inputs to valuation techniques are observable, either directly or indirectly.

Level 3. One or more inputs to valuation techniques are significant and unobservable.

Cash Instruments

Cash instruments include U.S. government and agency obligations, non-U.S. government and agency obligations, mortgage-backed loans and securities, corporate loans and debt securities, equity securities, investments in funds at NAV, and other non-derivative financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased. See below for the types of cash instruments included in each level of the fair value hierarchy and the valuation techniques and significant inputs used to determine their fair values. See Note 5 for an overview of the firm’s fair value measurement policies.

Level 1 Cash Instruments

Level 1 cash instruments include certain money market instruments, U.S. government obligations, most non-U.S. government obligations, certain government agency obligations, certain corporate debt securities and actively traded listed equities. These instruments are valued using quoted prices for identical unrestricted instruments in active markets.

The firm defines active markets for equity instruments based on the average daily trading volume both in absolute terms and relative to the market capitalization for the instrument. The firm defines active markets for debt instruments based on both the average daily trading volume and the number of days with trading activity.

Level 2 Cash Instruments

Level 2 cash instruments include most money market instruments, most government agency obligations, certain non-U.S. government obligations, most mortgage-backed loans and securities, most corporate loans and debt securities, most state and municipal obligations, most other debt obligations, restricted or less liquid listed equities, commodities and certain lending commitments.

Valuations of level 2 cash instruments can be verified to quoted prices, recent trading activity for identical or similar instruments, broker or dealer quotations or alternative pricing sources with reasonable levels of price transparency. Consideration is given to the nature of the quotations (e.g., indicative or firm) and the relationship of recent market activity to the prices provided from alternative pricing sources.

Valuation adjustments are typically made to level 2 cash instruments (i) if the cash instrument is subject to transfer restrictions and/or (ii) for other premiums and liquidity discounts that a market participant would require to arrive at fair value. Valuation adjustments are generally based on market evidence.

Level 3 Cash Instruments

Level 3 cash instruments have one or more significant valuation inputs that are not observable. Absent evidence to the contrary, level 3 cash instruments are initially valued at transaction price, which is considered to be the best initial estimate of fair value. Subsequently, the firm uses other methodologies to determine fair value, which vary based on the type of instrument. Valuation inputs and assumptions are changed when corroborated by substantive observable evidence, including values realized on sales of financial assets.

Valuation Techniques and Significant Inputs of Level 3 Cash Instruments

Valuation techniques of level 3 cash instruments vary by instrument, but are generally based on discounted cash flow techniques. The valuation techniques and the nature of significant inputs used to determine the fair values of each type of level 3 cash instrument are described below:

Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate.Loans and securities backed by commercial real estate are directly or indirectly collateralized by a single commercial real estate property or a portfolio of properties, and may include tranches of varying levels of subordination. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses and include:

• Transaction prices in both the underlying collateral and instruments with the same or similar underlying collateral;

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets and/or current levels and changes in market indices such as the CMBX (an index that tracks the performance of commercial mortgage bonds);

• A measure of expected future cash flows in a default scenario (recovery rates) implied by the value of the underlying collateral, which is mainly driven by current performance of the underlying collateral, capitalization rates and multiples. Recovery rates are expressed as a percentage of notional or face value of the instrument and reflect the benefit of credit enhancements on certain instruments; and

• Timing of expected future cash flows (duration) which, in certain cases, may incorporate the impact of other unobservable inputs (e.g., prepayment speeds).

Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate. Loans and securities backed by residential real estate are directly or indirectly collateralized by portfolios of residential real estate and may include tranches of varying levels of subordination. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons to instruments with similar collateral and risk profiles. Significant inputs include:

• Transaction prices in both the underlying collateral and instruments with the same or similar underlying collateral;

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets;

• Cumulative loss expectations, driven by default rates, home price projections, residential property liquidation timelines, related costs and subsequent recoveries; and

• Duration, driven by underlying loan prepayment speeds and residential property liquidation timelines.

Corporate Loans and Debt Securities. Corporate loans and debt securities includes bank loans and bridge loans and corporate debt securities. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons both to prices of credit default swaps that reference the same or similar underlying instrument or entity and to other debt instruments for the same issuer for which observable prices or broker quotations are available. Significant inputs include:

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets and/or current levels and trends of market indices such as CDX and LCDX (indices that track the performance of corporate credit and loans, respectively);

• Current performance and recovery assumptions and, where the firm uses credit default swaps to value the related cash instrument, the cost of borrowing the underlying reference obligation; and

• Duration.

Equity Securities. Equity securities includes private equity securities and convertible debentures. Recent third-party completed or pending transactions (e.g., merger proposals, tender offers, debt restructurings) are considered to be the best evidence for any change in fair value. When these are not available, the following valuation methodologies are used, as appropriate:

• Industry multiples (primarily EBITDA multiples) and public comparables;

• Transactions in similar instruments;

• Discounted cash flow techniques; and

• Third-party appraisals.

The firm also considers changes in the outlook for the relevant industry and financial performance of the issuer as compared to projected performance. Significant inputs include:

• Market and transaction multiples;

• Discount rates and capitalization rates; and

• For equity securities with debt-like features, market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets, current performance and recovery assumptions, and duration.

Other Cash Instruments. Other cash instruments consists of non-U.S. government and agency obligations, state and municipal obligations, and other debt obligations. Significant inputs are generally determined based on relative value analyses, which incorporate comparisons both to prices of credit default swaps that reference the same or similar underlying instrument or entity and to other debt instruments for the same issuer for which observable prices or broker quotations are available. Significant inputs include:

• Market yields implied by transactions of similar or related assets and/or current levels and trends of market indices;

• Current performance and recovery assumptions and, where the firm uses credit default swaps to value the related cash instrument, the cost of borrowing the underlying reference obligation; and

• Duration.

Investments in Funds at Net Asset Value Per Share

Cash instruments at fair value include investments in funds that are measured at NAV of the investment fund. The firm uses NAV to measure the fair value of its fund investments when (i) the fund investment does not have a readily determinable fair value and (ii) the NAV of the investment fund is calculated in a manner consistent with the measurement principles of investment company accounting, including measurement of the investments at fair value.

Derivatives are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis (i.e., the net payable or receivable for derivative assets and liabilities for a given counterparty) when a legal right of setoff exists under an enforceable netting agreement (counterparty netting). Derivatives are accounted for at fair value, net of cash collateral received or posted under enforceable credit support agreements (cash collateral netting). Derivative assets and liabilities are included in “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased,” respectively. Realized and unrealized gains and losses on derivatives not designated as hedges under ASC 815 are included in “Market making” and “Other principal transactions” in Note 4.

Valuation Techniques for Derivatives

The firm’s level 2 and level 3 derivatives are valued using derivative pricing models (e.g., discounted cash flow models, correlation models, and models that incorporate option pricing methodologies, such as Monte Carlo simulations). Price transparency of derivatives can generally be characterized by product type, as described below.

• Interest Rate. In general, the key inputs used to value interest rate derivatives are transparent, even for most long-dated contracts. Interest rate swaps and options denominated in the currencies of leading industrialized nations are characterized by high trading volumes and tight bid/offer spreads. Interest rate derivatives that reference indices, such as an inflation index, or the shape of the yield curve (e.g., 10-year swap rate vs. 2-year swap rate) are more complex, but the key inputs are generally observable.

• Credit. Price transparency for credit default swaps, including both single names and baskets of credits, varies by market and underlying reference entity or obligation. Credit default swaps that reference indices, large corporates and major sovereigns generally exhibit the most price transparency. For credit default swaps with other underliers, price transparency varies based on credit rating, the cost of borrowing the underlying reference obligations, and the availability of the underlying reference obligations for delivery upon the default of the issuer. Credit default swaps that reference loans, asset-backed securities and emerging market debt instruments tend to have less price transparency than those that reference corporate bonds. In addition, more complex credit derivatives, such as those sensitive to the correlation between two or more underlying reference obligations, generally have less price transparency.

• Currency. Prices for currency derivatives based on the exchange rates of leading industrialized nations, including those with longer tenors, are generally transparent. The primary difference between the price transparency of developed and emerging market currency derivatives is that emerging markets tend to be observable for contracts with shorter tenors.

• Commodity. Commodity derivatives include transactions referenced to energy (e.g., oil and natural gas), metals (e.g., precious and base) and soft commodities (e.g., agricultural). Price transparency varies based on the underlying commodity, delivery location, tenor and product quality (e.g., diesel fuel compared to unleaded gasoline). In general, price transparency for commodity derivatives is greater for contracts with shorter tenors and contracts that are more closely aligned with major and/or benchmark commodity indices.

• Equity. Price transparency for equity derivatives varies by market and underlier. Options on indices and the common stock of corporates included in major equity indices exhibit the most price transparency. Equity derivatives generally have observable market prices, except for contracts with long tenors or reference prices that differ significantly from current market prices. More complex equity derivatives, such as those sensitive to the correlation between two or more individual stocks, generally have less price transparency.

Liquidity is essential to observability of all product types. If transaction volumes decline, previously transparent prices and other inputs may become unobservable. Conversely, even highly structured products may at times have trading volumes large enough to provide observability of prices and other inputs. See Note 5 for an overview of the firm’s fair value measurement policies.

Hedge Accounting, Policy

• If a derivative was transferred into level 3 during a reporting period, its entire gain or loss for the period is classified in level 3. Transfers between levels are reported at the beginning of the reporting period in which they occur.

Hedge Accounting

The firm applies hedge accounting for (i) certain interest rate swaps used to manage the interest rate exposure of certain fixed-rate unsecured long-term and short-term borrowings and certain fixed-rate certificates of deposit and (ii) certain foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency-denominated debt used to manage foreign currency exposures on the firm’s net investment in certain non-U.S. operations.

To qualify for hedge accounting, the hedging instrument must be highly effective at reducing the risk from the exposure being hedged. Additionally, the firm must formally document the hedging relationship at inception and test the hedging relationship at least on a quarterly basis to ensure the hedging instrument continues to be highly effective over the life of the hedging relationship.

Fair Value Hedges

The firm designates certain interest rate swaps as fair value hedges. These interest rate swaps hedge changes in fair value attributable to the designated benchmark interest rate (e.g., London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or Overnight Index Swap Rate), effectively converting a substantial portion of fixed-rate obligations into floating-rate obligations.

The firm applies a statistical method that utilizes regression analysis when assessing the effectiveness of its fair value hedging relationships in achieving offsetting changes in the fair values of the hedging instrument and the risk being hedged (i.e., interest rate risk). An interest rate swap is considered highly effective in offsetting changes in fair value attributable to changes in the hedged risk when the regression analysis results in a coefficient of determination of 80% or greater and a slope between 80% and 125%.

For qualifying fair value hedges, gains or losses on derivatives are included in “Interest expense.” The change in fair value of the hedged item attributable to the risk being hedged is reported as an adjustment to its carrying value and is subsequently amortized into interest expense over its remaining life. Gains or losses resulting from hedge ineffectiveness are included in “Interest expense.” When a derivative is no longer designated as a hedge, any remaining difference between the carrying value and par value of the hedged item is amortized to interest expense over the remaining life of the hedged item using the effective interest method. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

Net Investment Hedges

The firm seeks to reduce the impact of fluctuations in foreign exchange rates on its net investments in certain non-U.S. operations through the use of foreign currency forward contracts and foreign currency-denominated debt. For foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedges, the effectiveness of the hedge is assessed based on the overall changes in the fair value of the forward contracts (i.e., based on changes in forward rates). For foreign currency-denominated debt designated as a hedge, the effectiveness of the hedge is assessed based on changes in spot rates.

For qualifying net investment hedges, the gains or losses on the hedging instruments, to the extent effective, are included in “Currency translation.”

Fair Value Option, Policy

Fair Value Option

Other Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities at Fair Value

In addition to all cash and derivative instruments included in “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased,” the firm accounts for certain of its other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value, substantially all of which are accounted for at fair value under the fair value option. The primary reasons for electing the fair value option are to:

• Reflect economic events in earnings on a timely basis;

• Mitigate volatility in earnings from using different measurement attributes (e.g., transfers of financial instruments owned accounted for as financings are recorded at fair value, whereas the related secured financing would be recorded on an accrual basis absent electing the fair value option); and

• Address simplification and cost-benefit considerations (e.g., accounting for hybrid financial instruments at fair value in their entirety versus bifurcation of embedded derivatives and hedge accounting for debt hosts).

Hybrid financial instruments are instruments that contain bifurcatable embedded derivatives and do not require settlement by physical delivery of nonfinancial assets (e.g., physical commodities). If the firm elects to bifurcate the embedded derivative from the associated debt, the derivative is accounted for at fair value and the host contract is accounted for at amortized cost, adjusted for the effective portion of any fair value hedges. If the firm does not elect to bifurcate, the entire hybrid financial instrument is accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

Loans Receivable, Policy

Loans Receivable

Loans receivable consists of loans held for investment that are accounted for at amortized cost net of allowance for loan losses. Interest on loans receivable is recognized over the life of the loan and is recorded on an accrual basis.

The firm also extends lending commitments that are held for investment and accounted for on an accrual basis.

Purchased Credit Impaired (PCI) Loans

Loans receivable includes PCI loans, which represent acquired loans or pools of loans with evidence of credit deterioration subsequent to their origination and where it is probable, at acquisition, that the firm will not be able to collect all contractually required payments. Loans acquired within the same reporting period, which have at least two common risk characteristics, one of which relates to their credit risk, are eligible to be pooled together and considered a single unit of account. PCI loans are initially recorded at the acquisition price and the difference between the acquisition price and the expected cash flows (accretable yield) is recognized as interest income over the life of such loans or pools of loans on an effective yield method. Expected cash flows on PCI loans are determined using various inputs and assumptions, including default rates, loss severities, recoveries, amount and timing of prepayments and other macroeconomic indicators.

Loans receivable (excluding PCI loans) are determined to be impaired when it is probable that the firm will not be able to collect all principal and interest due under the contractual terms of the loan. At that time, loans are generally placed on non-accrual status and all accrued but uncollected interest is reversed against interest income, and interest subsequently collected is recognized on a cash basis to the extent the loan balance is deemed collectible. Otherwise, all cash received is used to reduce the outstanding loan balance. In certain circumstances, the firm may also modify the original terms of a loan agreement by granting a concession to a borrower experiencing financial difficulty. Such modifications are considered troubled debt restructurings and typically include interest rate reductions, payment extensions, and modification of loan covenants. Loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring are considered impaired and are subject to specific loan-level reserves.

The firm’s allowance for loan losses consists of specific loan-level reserves, portfolio level reserves, and reserves on PCI loans as described below:

• Specific loan-level reserves are determined on loans (excluding PCI loans) that exhibit credit quality weakness and are therefore individually evaluated for impairment.

• Portfolio level reserves are determined on loans (excluding PCI loans) not deemed impaired by aggregating groups of loans with similar risk characteristics and estimating the probable loss inherent in the portfolio.

• Reserves on PCI loans are recorded when it is determined that the expected cash flows, which are reassessed on a quarterly basis, will be lower than those used to establish the current effective yield for such loans or pools of loans. If the expected cash flows are determined to be significantly higher than those used to establish the current effective yield, such increases are initially recognized as a reduction to any previously recorded allowances for loan losses and any remaining increases are recognized as interest income prospectively over the life of the loan or pools of loans as an increase to the effective yield.

The allowance for loan losses is determined using various inputs, including industry default and loss data, current macroeconomic indicators, borrower’s capacity to meet its financial obligations, borrower’s country of risk, loan seniority and collateral type. Management’s estimate of loan losses entails judgment about loan collectability at the reporting dates, and there are uncertainties inherent in those judgments. While management uses the best information available to determine this estimate, future adjustments to the allowance may be necessary based on, among other things, changes in the economic environment or variances between actual results and the original assumptions used. Loans are charged off against the allowance for loan losses when deemed to be uncollectible. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of the firm’s loans receivable were evaluated for impairment at the portfolio level.

The firm also records an allowance for losses on lending commitments that are held for investment and accounted for on an accrual basis. Such allowance is determined using the same methodology as the allowance for loan losses, while also taking into consideration the probability of drawdowns or funding, and is included in “Other liabilities and accrued expenses.” As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of such lending commitments were evaluated for impairment at the portfolio level.

Collateralized Agreements and Financings, Policy

Collateralized agreements and financings are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis when a legal right of setoff exists. Interest on collateralized agreements and collateralized financings is recognized over the life of the transaction and included in “Interest income” and “Interest expense,” respectively. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

Even though repurchase and resale agreements (including “repos- and reverses-to-maturity”) involve the legal transfer of ownership of financial instruments, they are accounted for as financing arrangements because they require the financial instruments to be repurchased or resold before or at the maturity of the agreement. The financial instruments purchased or sold in resale and repurchase agreements typically include U.S. government and agency, and investment-grade sovereign obligations.

The firm has elected to apply the fair value option to substantially all other secured financings because the use of fair value eliminates non-economic volatility in earnings that would arise from using different measurement attributes.

Other secured financings that are not recorded at fair value are recorded based on the amount of cash received plus accrued interest, which generally approximates fair value.

• Short-term other secured financings includes financings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and financings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder.

• Long-term other secured financings that are repayable prior to maturity at the option of the firm are reflected at their contractual maturity dates.

• Long-term other secured financings that are redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the holder are reflected at the earliest dates such options become exercisable.

Securitization Activities, Policy

The firm accounts for a securitization as a sale when it has relinquished control over the transferred financial assets. Prior to securitization, the firm accounts for assets pending transfer at fair value and therefore does not typically recognize significant gains or losses upon the transfer of assets. Net revenues from underwriting activities are recognized in connection with the sales of the underlying beneficial interests to investors.

For transfers of financial assets that are not accounted for as sales, the assets remain in “Financial instruments owned” and the transfer is accounted for as a collateralized financing, with the related interest expense recognized over the life of the transaction. See Notes 10 and 23 for further information about collateralized financings and interest expense, respectively.

Consolidation, Variable Interest Entity, Policy

VIE Consolidation Analysis

The enterprise with a controlling financial interest in a VIE is known as the primary beneficiary and consolidates the VIE. The firm determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE by performing an analysis that principally considers:

• Which variable interest holder has the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance;

• Which variable interest holder has the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE;

• The VIE’s purpose and design, including the risks the VIE was designed to create and pass through to its variable interest holders;

• The VIE’s capital structure;

• The terms between the VIE and its variable interest holders and other parties involved with the VIE; and

• Related-party relationships.

The firm reassesses its evaluation of whether an entity is a VIE when certain reconsideration events occur. The firm reassesses its determination of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE on an ongoing basis based on current facts and circumstances.

Property, Plant and Equipment, Policy

Substantially all property and equipment is depreciated on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the asset. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the improvement or the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Capitalized costs of software developed or obtained for internal use are amortized on a straight-line basis over three years.

Substantially all of the firm’s identifiable intangible assets are considered to have finite useful lives and are amortized over their estimated useful lives generally using the straight-line method.

Impairments

The firm tests property, leasehold improvements and equipment, identifiable intangible assets and other assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that an asset’s or asset group’s carrying value may not be fully recoverable. To the extent the carrying value of an asset exceeds the projected undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposal of the asset or asset group, the firm determines the asset is impaired and records an impairment equal to the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of the asset or asset group. In addition, the firm will recognize an impairment prior to the sale of an asset if the carrying value of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Policy

Goodwill is the cost of acquired companies in excess of the fair value of net assets, including identifiable intangible assets, at the acquisition date.

Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually in the fourth quarter or more frequently if events occur or circumstances change that indicate an impairment may exist. When assessing goodwill for impairment, first, qualitative factors are assessed to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If the results of the qualitative assessment are not conclusive, a quantitative goodwill test is performed. The quantitative goodwill test consists of two steps:

• The first step compares the estimated fair value of each reporting unit with its estimated net book value (including goodwill and identifiable intangible assets). If the reporting unit’s estimated fair value exceeds its estimated net book value, goodwill is not impaired. To estimate the fair value of each reporting unit, a relative value technique is used because the firm believes market participants would use this technique to value the firm’s reporting units. The relative value technique applies observable price-to-earnings multiples or price-to-book multiples and projected return on equity of comparable competitors to reporting units’ net earnings or net book value. The net book value of each reporting unit reflects an allocation of total shareholders’ equity and represents the estimated amount of total shareholders’ equity required to support the activities of the reporting unit under currently applicable regulatory capital requirements.

• If the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its estimated net book value, the second step of the goodwill test is performed to measure the amount of impairment, if any. An impairment is equal to the excess of the carrying value of goodwill over its fair value.

Deposits, Policy

The firm’s savings and demand deposits are recorded based on the amount of cash received plus accrued interest.

Debt, Policy

Unsecured short-term borrowings includes the portion of unsecured long-term borrowings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and unsecured long-term borrowings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder.

• Unsecured long-term borrowings maturing within one year of the financial statement date and unsecured long-term borrowings that are redeemable within one year of the financial statement date at the option of the holder are excluded as they are included in “Unsecured short-term borrowings.”

• Unsecured long-term borrowings that are repayable prior to maturity at the option of the firm are reflected at their contractual maturity dates.

• Unsecured long-term borrowings that are redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the holder are reflected at the earliest dates such options become exercisable.

• Unsecured long-term borrowings included $6.23 billion of adjustments to the carrying value of certain unsecured long-term borrowings resulting from the application of hedge accounting by year of maturity as follows: $3 million in 2018, $250 million in 2019, $266 million in 2020, $489 million in 2021, $(28) million in 2022, and $5.25 billion in 2023 and thereafter.

Commitments to Extend Credit, Policy

As of September 2017 and December 2016, $105.00 billion and $98.05 billion, respectively, of the firm’s lending commitments were held for investment and were accounted for on an accrual basis. See Note 9 for further information about such commitments. In addition, as of September 2017 and December 2016, $8.23 billion and $6.87 billion, respectively, of the firm’s lending commitments were held for sale and were accounted for at the lower of cost or fair value.

The firm accounts for the remaining commitments to extend credit at fair value. Losses, if any, are generally recorded, net of any fees in “Other principal transactions.”

Property, Plant and Equipment, Operating Lease Policy

Operating leases include office space held in excess of current requirements. Rent expense relating to space held for growth is included in “Occupancy.” The firm records a liability, based on the fair value of the remaining lease rentals reduced by any potential or existing sublease rentals, for leases where the firm has ceased using the space and management has concluded that the firm will not derive any future economic benefits. Costs to terminate a lease before the end of its term are recognized and measured at fair value on termination.

Derivative Guarantees, Policy

The firm enters into various derivatives that meet the definition of a guarantee under U.S. GAAP, including written equity and commodity put options, written currency contracts and interest rate caps, floors and swaptions.

Disclosures about derivatives are not required if they may be cash settled and the firm has no basis to conclude it is probable that the counterparties held the underlying instruments at inception of the contract. The firm has concluded that these conditions have been met for certain large, internationally active commercial and investment bank counterparties, central clearing counterparties and certain other counterparties.

Earnings Per Share Policy

Basic earnings per common share (EPS) is calculated by dividing net earnings applicable to common shareholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and RSUs for which no future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock (collectively, basic shares).

Interest Income and Interest Expense, Policy

Interest is recorded over the life of the instrument on an accrual basis based on contractual interest rates.

Income Tax, Policy

Provision for Income Taxes

Income taxes are provided for using the asset and liability method under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. The firm reports interest expense related to income tax matters in “Provision for taxes” and income tax penalties in “Other expenses.”

Deferred Income Taxes

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years and are measured using the tax rates and laws that will be in effect when such differences are expected to reverse. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that more likely than not will be realized and primarily relate to the ability to utilize losses in various tax jurisdictions. Tax assets and liabilities are presented as a component of “Other assets” and “Other liabilities and accrued expenses,” respectively.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The firm recognizes tax positions in the condensed consolidated financial statements only when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on examination by the relevant taxing authority based on the technical merits of the position. A position that meets this standard is measured at the largest amount of benefit that will more likely than not be realized on settlement. A liability is established for differences between positions taken in a tax return and amounts recognized in the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Business Segments, Policy

The firm allocates assets (including allocations of global core liquid assets and cash, secured client financing and other assets), revenues and expenses among the four business segments. Due to the integrated nature of these segments, estimates and judgments are made in allocating certain assets, revenues and expenses. The allocation process is based on the manner in which management currently views the performance of the segments. Transactions between segments are based on specific criteria or approximate third-party rates.

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Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased

The table below presents the firm’s financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased.

$ in millions	Financial Instruments Owned	Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased
As of September 2017
Money market instruments	$    2,739	$           –
U.S. government and agency obligations	74,392	19,369
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	39,691	22,702
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate	4,696	2
Residential real estate	10,840	2
Corporate loans and debt securities	33,529	9,005
State and municipal obligations	1,039	–
Other debt obligations	1,667	1
Equity securities	106,599	25,666
Commodities	3,606	–
Investments in funds at NAV	5,444	–
Subtotal	284,242	76,747
Derivatives	49,232	37,966
Total	$333,474	$114,713
As of December 2016
Money market instruments	$    1,319	$           –
U.S. government and agency obligations	57,657	16,627
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	29,381	20,502
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate	3,842	–
Residential real estate	12,195	3
Corporate loans and debt securities	28,659	6,570
State and municipal obligations	1,059	–
Other debt obligations	1,358	1
Equity securities	94,692	25,941
Commodities	5,653	–
Investments in funds at NAV	6,465	–
Subtotal	242,280	69,644
Derivatives	53,672	47,499
Total	$295,952	$117,143

In the table above:

• Money market instruments includes commercial paper, certificates of deposit and time deposits, substantially all of which have a maturity of less than one year.

• Equity securities includes public and private equities, exchange-traded funds and convertible debentures.

• Financial instruments owned included $2.76 billion and $89 million of securities that are accounted for as available-for-sale as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. See Note 6 for further information about available-for-sale securities.

Gains and Losses from Market Making and Other Principal Transactions

The table below presents “Market making” revenues by major product type, as well as “Other principal transactions” revenues.

	Three Months Ended September				Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016		2017		2016
Interest rates		$1,492		$   821		$  5,481		$1,091
Credit		471		440		1,397		1,688
Currencies		(960	)	544		(3,700	)	1,254
Equities		971		663		2,842		2,215
Commodities		138		247		425		819
Market making		2,112		2,715		6,445		7,067
Other principal transactions		1,554		1,163		4,002		1,978
Total		$3,666		$3,878		$10,447		$9,045

In the table above:

• Gains/(losses) include both realized and unrealized gains and losses, and are primarily related to the firm’s financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, including both derivative and non-derivative financial instruments.

• Gains/(losses) exclude related interest income and interest expense. See Note 23 for further information about interest income and interest expense.

• Gains/(losses) on other principal transactions are included in the firm’s Investing & Lending segment. See Note 25 for net revenues, including net interest income, by product type for Investing & Lending, as well as the amount of net interest income included in Investing & Lending.

• Gains/(losses) are not representative of the manner in which the firm manages its business activities because many of the firm’s market-making and client facilitation strategies utilize financial instruments across various product types. Accordingly, gains or losses in one product type frequently offset gains or losses in other product types. For example, most of the firm’s longer-term derivatives across product types are sensitive to changes in interest rates and may be economically hedged with interest rate swaps. Similarly, a significant portion of the firm’s cash instruments and derivatives across product types has exposure to foreign currencies and may be economically hedged with foreign currency contracts.

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Financial Assets Liabilities Summary

The table below presents financial assets and financial liabilities accounted for at fair value under the fair value option or in accordance with other U.S. GAAP.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		June 2017		December 2016
Total level 1 financial assets		$160,006		$163,555		$135,401
Total level 2 financial assets		392,796		407,480		419,585
Total level 3 financial assets		20,740		20,847		23,280
Investments in funds at NAV		5,444		5,910		6,465
Counterparty and cash collateral netting		(55,764	)	(79,738	)	(87,038	)
Total financial assets at fair value		$523,222		$518,054		$497,693
Total assets		$930,132		$906,518		$860,165
Total level 3 financial assets divided by:
Total assets		2.2%		2.3%		2.7%
Total financial assets at fair value		4.0%		4.0%		4.7%
Total level 1 financial liabilities		$  65,771		$  68,534		$  62,504
Total level 2 financial liabilities		257,882		248,257		232,027
Total level 3 financial liabilities		19,203		19,595		21,448
Counterparty and cash collateral netting		(36,649	)	(37,597	)	(44,695	)
Total financial liabilities at fair value		$306,207		$298,789		$271,284
Total level 3 financial liabilities divided by total financial liabilities at fair value		6.3%		6.6%		7.9%

In the table above:

• Counterparty netting among positions classified in the same level is included in that level.

• Counterparty and cash collateral netting represents the impact on derivatives of netting across levels of the fair value hierarchy.

• Total assets included $901 billion, $878 billion and $835 billion as of September 2017, June 2017 and December 2016, respectively, that is carried at fair value or at amounts that generally approximate fair value.

Total Level 3 Financial Assets

The table below presents a summary of level 3 financial assets.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	June 2017	December 2016
Cash instruments		$16,465	$16,196	$18,035
Derivatives		4,274	4,650	5,190
Other financial assets		1	1	55
Total		$20,740	$20,847	$23,280

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Cash Instruments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Cash Instruments by Level

The tables below present cash instrument assets and liabilities at fair value by level within the fair value hierarchy.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market instruments		$       376		$    2,362		$          1		$    2,739
U.S. government and agency obligations		41,532		32,860		–		74,392
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		30,639		9,049		3		39,691
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate		–		3,252		1,444		4,696
Residential real estate		–		10,066		774		10,840
Corporate loans and debt securities		699		29,263		3,567		33,529
State and municipal obligations		–		956		83		1,039
Other debt obligations		–		1,279		388		1,667
Equity securities		86,747		9,647		10,205		106,599
Commodities		–		3,606		–		3,606
Subtotal		$159,993		$102,340		$16,465		$278,798
Investments in funds at NAV								5,444
Total cash instrument assets								$284,242
Liabilities
U.S. government and agency obligations		$ (19,298	)	$        (71	)	$          –		$ (19,369	)
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		(20,786	)	(1,916	)	–		(22,702	)
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate		–		(2	)	–		(2	)
Residential real estate		–		(2	)	–		(2	)
Corporate loans and debt securities		(1	)	(8,961	)	(43	)	(9,005	)
Other debt obligations		–		(1	)	–		(1	)
Equity securities		(25,650	)	–		(16	)	(25,666	)
Total cash instrument liabilities		$ (65,735	)	$ (10,953	)	$      (59	)	$ (76,747	)

	As of December 2016
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Money market instruments		$       188		$  1,131		$         –		$    1,319
U.S. government and agency obligations		35,254		22,403		–		57,657
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		22,433		6,933		15		29,381
Loans and securities backed by:
Commercial real estate		–		2,197		1,645		3,842
Residential real estate		–		11,350		845		12,195
Corporate loans and debt securities		215		23,804		4,640		28,659
State and municipal obligations		–		960		99		1,059
Other debt obligations		–		830		528		1,358
Equity securities		77,276		7,153		10,263		94,692
Commodities		–		5,653		–		5,653
Subtotal		$135,366		$82,414		$18,035		$235,815
Investments in funds at NAV								6,465
Total cash instrument assets								$242,280
Liabilities
U.S. government and agency obligations		$ (16,615	)	$      (12	)	$         –		$ (16,627	)
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		(19,137	)	(1,364	)	(1	)	(20,502	)
Loans and securities backed by residential real estate		–		(3	)	–		(3	)
Corporate loans and debt securities		(2	)	(6,524	)	(44	)	(6,570	)
Other debt obligations		–		(1	)	–		(1	)
Equity securities		(25,768	)	(156	)	(17	)	(25,941	)
Total cash instrument liabilities		$ (61,522	)	$ (8,060	)	$      (62	)	$ (69,644	)

In the tables above:

• Cash instrument assets and liabilities are included in “Financial instruments owned” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased,” respectively.

• Cash instrument assets are shown as positive amounts and cash instrument liabilities are shown as negative amounts.

• Money market instruments includes commercial paper, certificates of deposit and time deposits.

• Equity securities includes public and private equities, exchange-traded funds and convertible debentures.

• As of both September 2017 and December 2016, substantially all of the firm’s level 3 equity securities consisted of private equity securities.

• Total cash instrument assets included collateralized debt obligations (CDOs) and collateralized loan obligations (CLOs) backed by real estate and corporate obligations of $611 million and $461 million in level 2, and $406 million and $624 million in level 3 as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

Fair Value, Cash Instruments, Measurement Inputs, Disclosure

The table below presents the amount of level 3 assets, and ranges and weighted averages of significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 cash instruments.

	Level 3 Assets and Range of Significant Unobservable Inputs (Weighted Average) as of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Loans and securities backed by commercial real estate
Level 3 assets		$1,444		$1,645
Yield		4.5% to 22.0% (12.4%	)	3.7% to 23.0% (13.0%	)
Recovery rate		15.0% to 79.4% (46.0%	)	8.9% to 99.0% (60.6%	)
Duration (years)		0.8 to 6.7 (2.1	)	0.8 to 6.2 (2.1	)
Loans and securities backed by residential real estate
Level 3 assets		$774		$845
Yield		1.8% to 13.5% (7.8%	)	0.8% to 15.6% (8.7%	)
Cumulative loss rate		10.6% to 43.4% (21.2%	)	8.9% to 47.1% (24.2%	)
Duration (years)		1.0 to 17.0 (7.8	)	1.1 to 16.1 (7.3	)
Corporate loans and debt securities
Level 3 assets		$3,567		$4,640
Yield		3.8% to 24.5% (11.7%	)	2.5% to 25.0% (10.3%	)
Recovery rate		0.0% to 94.7% (59.8%	)	0.0% to 85.0% (56.5%	)
Duration (years)		1.0 to 7.3 (3.2	)	0.6 to 15.7 (2.9	)
Equity securities
Level 3 assets		$10,205		$10,263
Multiples		0.8x to 17.3x (7.4x	)	0.8x to 19.7x (6.8x	)
Discount rate/yield		2.6% to 25.0% (14.5%	)	6.5% to 25.0% (16.0%	)
Capitalization rate		4.3% to 11.5% (6.3%	)	4.2% to 12.5% (6.8%	)
Other cash instruments
Level 3 assets		$475		$642
Yield		3.5% to 17.3% (8.6%	)	1.9% to 14.0% (8.8%	)
Recovery rate		N/A		0.0% to 93.0% (61.4%	)
Duration (years)		1.4 to 11.7 (4.6	)	0.9 to 12.0 (4.3	)

In the table above:

• Ranges represent the significant unobservable inputs that were used in the valuation of each type of cash instrument.

• Weighted averages are calculated by weighting each input by the relative fair value of the cash instruments.

• The ranges and weighted averages of these inputs are not representative of the appropriate inputs to use when calculating the fair value of any one cash instrument. For example, the highest multiple for private equity securities is appropriate for valuing a specific private equity security but may not be appropriate for valuing any other private equity security. Accordingly, the ranges of inputs do not represent uncertainty in, or possible ranges of, fair value measurements of the firm’s level 3 cash instruments.

• Increases in yield, discount rate, capitalization rate, duration or cumulative loss rate used in the valuation of the firm’s level 3 cash instruments would result in a lower fair value measurement, while increases in recovery rate or multiples would result in a higher fair value measurement. Due to the distinctive nature of each of the firm’s level 3 cash instruments, the interrelationship of inputs is not necessarily uniform within each product type.

• Equity securities includes private equity securities and convertible debentures.

• Loans and securities backed by commercial and residential real estate, corporate loans and debt securities and other cash instruments are valued using discounted cash flows, and equity securities are valued using market comparables and discounted cash flows.

• The fair value of any one instrument may be determined using multiple valuation techniques. For example, market comparables and discounted cash flows may be used together to determine fair value. Therefore, the level 3 balance encompasses both of these techniques.

• Recovery rate was not significant to the valuation of level 3 other cash instrument assets as of September 2017.

Cash Instruments, Level 3 Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for level 3 cash instrument assets and liabilities.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total cash instrument assets
Beginning balance		$16,196		$18,131			$18,035		$18,131
Net realized gains/(losses)		109		194			349		503
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		332		461			1,146		358
Purchases		524		519			1,381		2,941
Sales		(736	)	(703	)		(1,775	)	(2,002	)
Settlements		(581	)	(1,081	)		(1,651	)	(2,922	)
Transfers into level 3		1,287		1,327			2,307		2,696
Transfers out of level 3		(666	)	(707	)		(3,327	)	(1,564	)
Ending balance		$16,465		$18,141			$16,465		$18,141
Total cash instrument liabilities
Beginning balance		$      (42	)	$    (123	)		$      (62	)	$    (193	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(2	)	25			(7	)	27
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		5		18			(10	)	32
Purchases		34		51			67		88
Sales		(34	)	(38	)		(35	)	(61	)
Settlements		–		1			–		(6	)
Transfers into level 3		(28	)	(26	)		(17	)	(9	)
Transfers out of level 3		8		–			5		30
Ending balance		$      (59	)	$      (92	)		$      (59	)	$      (92	)

In the table above:

• Changes in fair value are presented for all cash instrument assets and liabilities that are classified in level 3 as of the end of the period.

• Net unrealized gains/(losses) relate to instruments that were still held at period-end.

• Purchases includes originations and secondary purchases.

• If a cash instrument asset or liability was transferred to level 3 during a reporting period, its entire gain or loss for the period is classified in level 3. For level 3 cash instrument assets, increases are shown as positive amounts, while decreases are shown as negative amounts. For level 3 cash instrument liabilities, increases are shown as negative amounts, while decreases are shown as positive amounts.

• Level 3 cash instruments are frequently economically hedged with level 1 and level 2 cash instruments and/or level 1, level 2 or level 3 derivatives. Accordingly, gains or losses that are classified in level 3 can be partially offset by gains or losses attributable to level 1 or level 2 cash instruments and/or level 1, level 2 or level 3 derivatives. As a result, gains or losses included in the level 3 rollforward below do not necessarily represent the overall impact on the firm’s results of operations, liquidity or capital resources.

The table below disaggregates, by product type, the information for cash instrument assets included in the summary table above.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Loans and securities backed by commercial real estate
Beginning balance		$  1,400		$2,112			$  1,645		$ 1,924
Net realized gains/(losses)		8		12			37		58
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		29		59			168		14
Purchases		56		46			178		491
Sales		(84	)	(97	)		(165	)	(292	)
Settlements		(58	)	(144	)		(358	)	(459	)
Transfers into level 3		156		119			222		516
Transfers out of level 3		(63	)	(116	)		(283	)	(261	)
Ending balance		$  1,444		$1,991			$  1,444		$ 1,991
Loans and securities backed by residential real estate
Beginning balance		$     807		$1,300			$     845		$ 1,765
Net realized gains/(losses)		10		15			34		38
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		17		(5	)		87		45
Purchases		34		76			142		297
Sales		(56	)	(123	)		(220	)	(780	)
Settlements		(44	)	(85	)		(95	)	(233	)
Transfers into level 3		30		95			20		120
Transfers out of level 3		(24	)	(278	)		(39	)	(257	)
Ending balance		$     774		$   995			$     774		$    995
Corporate loans and debt securities
Beginning balance		$  3,645		$5,333			$  4,640		$ 5,242
Net realized gains/(losses)		45		107			151		244
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(7	)	107			33		64
Purchases		178		278			568		953
Sales		(265	)	(322	)		(795	)	(477	)
Settlements		(259	)	(647	)		(653	)	(1,553	)
Transfers into level 3		567		343			1,023		949
Transfers out of level 3		(337	)	(137	)		(1,400	)	(360	)
Ending balance		$  3,567		$5,062			$  3,567		$ 5,062
Equity securities
Beginning balance		$  9,833		$8,705			$10,263		$ 8,549
Net realized gains/(losses)		42		52			111		138
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		289		291			846		252
Purchases		219		96			401		957
Sales		(319	)	(137	)		(548	)	(301	)
Settlements		(161	)	(165	)		(399	)	(555	)
Transfers into level 3		530		704			1,030		1,008
Transfers out of level 3		(228	)	(169	)		(1,499	)	(671	)
Ending balance		$10,205		$9,377			$10,205		$ 9,377
Other cash instruments
Beginning balance		$     511		$   681			$     642		$    651
Net realized gains/(losses)		4		8			16		25
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		4		9			12		(17	)
Purchases		37		23			92		243
Sales		(12	)	(24	)		(47	)	(152	)
Settlements		(59	)	(40	)		(146	)	(122	)
Transfers into level 3		4		66			12		103
Transfers out of level 3		(14	)	(7	)		(106	)	(15	)
Ending balance		$     475		$   716			$     475		$    716

Summary of Cash instruments include Securities Accounted for Available-for-Sale

Cash instruments include securities that are accounted for as available-for-sale. The table below presents details about such securities.

$ in millions	Amortized Cost	Fair Value	Weighted Average Yield
As of September 2017
U.S. government and agency obligations	$2,524	$2,517	1.84%
Other available-for-sale securities	245	246	4.46%
Total available-for-sale securities	$2,769	$2,763	2.07%
As of December 2016
U.S. government and agency obligations	$     24	$     24	0.43%
Other available-for-sale securities	65	65	3.03%
Total available-for-sale securities	$     89	$     89	2.32%

In the table above:

• U.S. government and agency obligations were classified in level 1 of the fair value hierarchy as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and substantially all had maturities of one to five years as of September 2017 and less than one year as of December 2016.

• Other available-for-sale securities includes corporate debt securities, other debt obligations, securities backed by commercial real estate and money market instruments. As of both September 2017 and December 2016, these securities were primarily classified in level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and primarily had maturities of greater than ten years.

• The gross unrealized gains/(losses) included in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” related to available-for-sale securities were not material.

Investments in Funds that are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share

The table below presents the fair value of the firm’s investments in funds at NAV and related unfunded commitments.

$ in millions	Fair Value of Investments	Unfunded Commitments
As of September 2017
Private equity funds	$3,944	$   628
Credit funds	305	498
Hedge funds	254	–
Real estate funds	941	273
Total	$5,444	$1,399
As of December 2016
Private equity funds	$4,628	$1,393
Credit funds	421	166
Hedge funds	410	–
Real estate funds	1,006	272
Total	$6,465	$1,831

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Derivatives and Hedging Activities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Fair Value of Derivatives on a Gross Basis

The tables below present the gross fair value and the notional amounts of derivative contracts by major product type, the amounts of counterparty and cash collateral netting in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, as well as cash and securities collateral posted and received under enforceable credit support agreements that do not meet the criteria for netting under U.S. GAAP.

	As of September 2017					As of December 2016
$ in millions		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities			Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
Not accounted for as hedges
Exchange-traded		$        566		$        801			$        443		$        382
OTC-cleared		5,273		2,910			189,471		168,946
Bilateral OTC		273,255		249,002			309,037		289,491
Total interest rates		279,094		252,713			498,951		458,819
OTC-cleared		5,934		5,774			4,837		4,811
Bilateral OTC		18,142		16,509			21,530		18,770
Total credit		24,076		22,283			26,367		23,581
Exchange-traded		38		49			36		176
OTC-cleared		859		780			796		798
Bilateral OTC		101,402		96,772			111,032		106,318
Total currencies		102,299		97,601			111,864		107,292
Exchange-traded		4,371		4,247			3,219		3,187
OTC-cleared		213		191			189		197
Bilateral OTC		7,730		9,900			8,945		10,487
Total commodities		12,314		14,338			12,353		13,871
Exchange-traded		11,174		9,656			8,576		8,064
Bilateral OTC		43,537		48,242			39,516		45,826
Total equities		54,711		57,898			48,092		53,890
Subtotal		472,494		444,833			697,627		657,453
Accounted for as hedges
OTC-cleared		10		–			4,347		156
Bilateral OTC		2,825		7			4,180		10
Total interest rates		2,835		7			8,527		166
OTC-cleared		8		33			30		40
Bilateral OTC		16		99			55		64
Total currencies		24		132			85		104
Subtotal		2,859		139			8,612		270
Total gross fair value		$ 475,353		$ 444,972			$ 706,239		$ 657,723
Offset in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Exchange-traded		$  (12,959	)	$  (12,959	)		$    (9,727	)	$    (9,727	)
OTC-cleared		(9,429	)	(9,429	)		(171,864	)	(171,864	)
Bilateral OTC		(348,935	)	(348,935	)		(385,647	)	(385,647	)
Counterparty netting		(371,323	)	(371,323	)		(567,238	)	(567,238	)
OTC-cleared		(2,590	)	(200	)		(27,560	)	(2,940	)
Bilateral OTC		(52,208	)	(35,483	)		(57,769	)	(40,046	)
Cash collateral netting		(54,798	)	(35,683	)		(85,329	)	(42,986	)
Total amounts offset		$(426,121	)	$(407,006	)		$(652,567	)	$(610,224	)
Included in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Exchange-traded		$     3,190		$     1,794			$     2,547		$     2,082
OTC-cleared		278		59			246		144
Bilateral OTC		45,764		36,113			50,879		45,273
Total		$   49,232		$   37,966			$   53,672		$   47,499
Not offset in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Cash collateral		$       (612	)	$    (2,173	)		$       (535	)	$    (2,085	)
Securities collateral		(14,192	)	(8,757	)		(15,518	)	(10,224	)
Total		$   34,428		$   27,036			$   37,619		$   35,190

	Notional Amounts as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Not accounted for as hedges
Exchange-traded		$  9,804,797	$  4,425,532
OTC-cleared		17,244,593	16,646,145
Bilateral OTC		14,402,975	11,131,442
Total interest rates		41,452,365	32,203,119
OTC-cleared		423,723	378,432
Bilateral OTC		973,991	1,045,913
Total credit		1,397,714	1,424,345
Exchange-traded		18,830	13,800
OTC-cleared		107,411	62,799
Bilateral OTC		7,883,247	5,576,748
Total currencies		8,009,488	5,653,347
Exchange-traded		281,291	227,707
OTC-cleared		4,066	3,506
Bilateral OTC		249,020	196,899
Total commodities		534,377	428,112
Exchange-traded		772,320	605,335
Bilateral OTC		1,210,740	959,112
Total equities		1,983,060	1,564,447
Subtotal		53,377,004	41,273,370
Accounted for as hedges
OTC-cleared		57,075	55,328
Bilateral OTC		19,654	36,607
Total interest rates		76,729	91,935
OTC-cleared		1,858	1,703
Bilateral OTC		8,255	8,544
Total currencies		10,113	10,247
Subtotal		86,842	102,182
Total notional amounts		$53,463,846	$41,375,552

In the tables above:

• Gross fair values exclude the effects of both counterparty netting and collateral, and therefore are not representative of the firm’s exposure.

• Where the firm has received or posted collateral under credit support agreements, but has not yet determined such agreements are enforceable, the related collateral has not been netted.

• Notional amounts, which represent the sum of gross long and short derivative contracts, provide an indication of the volume of the firm’s derivative activity and do not represent anticipated losses.

• Total gross fair value of derivatives included derivative assets and derivative liabilities of $14.35 billion and $14.91 billion, respectively, as of September 2017, and derivative assets and derivative liabilities of $19.92 billion and $20.79 billion, respectively, as of December 2016, which are not subject to an enforceable netting agreement or are subject to a netting agreement that the firm has not yet determined to be enforceable.

Fair Value of Derivatives by Level

The tables below present the fair value of derivatives on a gross basis by level and major product type, as well as the impact of netting, included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Interest rates		$     4		$ 281,349		$    576		$ 281,929
Credit		–		20,258		3,818		24,076
Currencies		–		102,146		177		102,323
Commodities		–		11,943		371		12,314
Equities		9		54,352		350		54,711
Gross fair value		13		470,048		5,292		475,353
Counterparty netting in levels		–		(369,339	)	(1,018	)	(370,357	)
Subtotal		$   13		$ 100,709		$ 4,274		$ 104,996
Cross-level counterparty netting								(966	)
Cash collateral netting								(54,798	)
Net fair value								$   49,232
Liabilities
Interest rates		$    (8	)	$(251,809	)	$   (903	)	$(252,720	)
Credit		–		(20,226	)	(2,057	)	(22,283	)
Currencies		–		(97,520	)	(213	)	(97,733	)
Commodities		–		(14,033	)	(305	)	(14,338	)
Equities		(28	)	(55,939	)	(1,931	)	(57,898	)
Gross fair value		(36	)	(439,527	)	(5,409	)	(444,972	)
Counterparty netting in levels		–		369,339		1,018		370,357
Subtotal		$  (36	)	$  (70,188	)	$(4,391	)	$  (74,615	)
Cross-level counterparty netting								966
Cash collateral netting								35,683
Net fair value								$  (37,966	)
	As of December 2016
$ in millions		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets
Interest rates		$   46		$ 506,818		$    614		$ 507,478
Credit		–		21,388		4,979		26,367
Currencies		–		111,762		187		111,949
Commodities		–		11,950		403		12,353
Equities		1		47,667		424		48,092
Gross fair value		47		699,585		6,607		706,239
Counterparty netting in levels		(12	)	(564,100	)	(1,417	)	(565,529	)
Subtotal		$   35		$ 135,485		$ 5,190		$ 140,710
Cross-level counterparty netting								(1,709	)
Cash collateral netting								(85,329	)
Net fair value								$   53,672
Liabilities
Interest rates		$  (27	)	$(457,963	)	$   (995	)	$(458,985	)
Credit		–		(21,106	)	(2,475	)	(23,581	)
Currencies		–		(107,212	)	(184	)	(107,396	)
Commodities		–		(13,541	)	(330	)	(13,871	)
Equities		(967	)	(49,083	)	(3,840	)	(53,890	)
Gross fair value		(994	)	(648,905	)	(7,824	)	(657,723	)
Counterparty netting in levels		12		564,100		1,417		565,529
Subtotal		$(982	)	$  (84,805	)	$(6,407	)	$  (92,194	)
Cross-level counterparty netting								1,709
Cash collateral netting								42,986
Net fair value								$  (47,499	)

Fair Value, Derivatives, Measurement Inputs, Disclosure

The table below presents the amount of level 3 assets (liabilities), and ranges, averages and medians of significant unobservable inputs used to value the firm’s level 3 derivatives.

	Level 3 Assets (Liabilities) and Range of Significant Unobservable Inputs (Average/Median) as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Interest rates, net		$(327)	$(381)
Correlation		(10)% to 86% (56%/60%)	(10)% to 86% (56%/60%)
Volatility (bps)		31 to 151 (84/57)	31 to 151 (84/57)
Credit, net		$1,761	$2,504
Correlation		35% to 91% (59%/59%)	35% to 91% (65%/68%)
Credit spreads (bps)		1 to 637 (89/50)	1 to 993 (122/73)
Upfront credit points		0 to 95 (41/36)	0 to 100 (43/35)
Recovery rates		22% to 97% (64%/70%)	1% to 97% (58%/70%)
Currencies, net		$(36)	$3
Correlation		25% to 72% (49%/46%)	25% to 70% (50%/55%)
Commodities, net		$66	$73
Volatility		9% to 65% (27%/27%)	13% to 68% (33%/33%)
Natural gas spread		$(2.24) to $2.84 ($(0.22)/$(0.12))	$(1.81) to $4.33 ($(0.14)/$(0.05))
Oil spread		$(7.10) to $60.00 ($4.67/$(1.54))	$(19.72) to $64.92 ($25.30/$16.43)
Equities, net		$(1,581)	$(3,416)
Correlation		(35)% to 94% (51%/48%)	(39)% to 88% (41%/41%)
Volatility		3% to 87% (24%/22%)	5% to 72% (24%/23%)

Fair Value of Derivatives, Level 3 Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for all level 3 derivatives.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total level 3 derivatives
Beginning balance		$ 960		$2,430			$(1,217	)	$   495
Net realized gains/(losses)		(24	)	17			(82	)	(110	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		12		(171	)		(144	)	620
Purchases		48		43			146		191
Sales		(786	)	(38	)		(935	)	(279	)
Settlements		(299	)	(194	)		2,163		622
Transfers into level 3		(34	)	119			(6	)	500
Transfers out of level 3		6		86			(42	)	253
Ending balance		$(117	)	$2,292			$   (117	)	$2,292

The table below disaggregates, by major product type, the information for level 3 derivatives included in the summary table above.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Interest rates, net
Beginning balance		$   (319	)	$     56			$   (381	)	$   (398	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(34	)	(23	)		(77	)	(43	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		38		(48	)		68		129
Purchases		1		–			5		3
Sales		(4	)	(2	)		(12	)	(5	)
Settlements		5		61			78		95
Transfers into level 3		–		9			(11	)	304
Transfers out of level 3		(14	)	1			3		(31	)
Ending balance		$   (327	)	$     54			$   (327	)	$      54
Credit, net
Beginning balance		$ 1,999		$2,942			$ 2,504		$ 2,793
Net realized gains/(losses)		23		7			52		(50	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		54		(31	)		(149	)	359
Purchases		15		12			30		68
Sales		(27	)	(6	)		(40	)	(38	)
Settlements		(356	)	(110	)		(607	)	(393	)
Transfers into level 3		8		101			45		191
Transfers out of level 3		45		(4	)		(74	)	(19	)
Ending balance		$ 1,761		$2,911			$ 1,761		$ 2,911
Currencies, net
Beginning balance		$      25		$     17			$        3		$     (34	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(9	)	(12	)		(30	)	(39	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(52	)	(14	)		(87	)	2
Purchases		1		1			3		15
Sales		–		–			–		(4	)
Settlements		26		39			88		84
Transfers into level 3		3		–			11		1
Transfers out of level 3		(30	)	1			(24	)	7
Ending balance		$     (36	)	$     32			$     (36	)	$      32
Commodities, net
Beginning balance		$    118		$  (222	)		$      73		$   (262	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(4	)	(2	)		23		22
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		80		(25	)		135		34
Purchases		3		1			19		27
Sales		(58	)	(4	)		(120	)	(118	)
Settlements		(1	)	34			(42	)	12
Transfers into level 3		(47	)	6			(40	)	10
Transfers out of level 3		(25	)	210			18		273
Ending balance		$      66		$      (2	)		$      66		$       (2	)
Equities, net
Beginning balance		$   (863	)	$  (363	)		$(3,416	)	$(1,604	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		–		47			(50	)	–
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(108	)	(53	)		(111	)	96
Purchases		28		29			89		78
Sales		(697	)	(26	)		(763	)	(114	)
Settlements		27		(218	)		2,646		824
Transfers into level 3		2		3			(11	)	(6	)
Transfers out of level 3		30		(122	)		35		23
Ending balance		$(1,581	)	$  (703	)		$(1,581	)	$   (703	)

OTC Derivatives by Product Type and Tenor

The table below presents the fair values of OTC derivative assets and liabilities by tenor and major product type.

$ in millions	Less than 1 Year		1 - 5 Years		Greater than 5 Years		Total
As of September 2017
Assets
Interest rates	$  4,086		$16,288		$55,464		$  75,838
Credit	1,309		3,554		3,948		8,811
Currencies	14,652		6,158		8,454		29,264
Commodities	2,648		1,596		191		4,435
Equities	3,394		6,659		1,471		11,524
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,426	)	(4,746	)	(3,082	)	(11,254	)
Subtotal	$22,663		$29,509		$66,446		$118,618
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,778	)
Cash collateral netting							(54,798	)
Total							$  46,042
Liabilities
Interest rates	$  5,347		$  9,276		$31,772		$  46,395
Credit	2,020		3,650		1,347		7,017
Currencies	13,124		6,998		4,542		24,664
Commodities	2,340		1,767		2,476		6,583
Equities	7,335		5,680		3,213		16,228
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,426	)	(4,746	)	(3,082	)	(11,254	)
Subtotal	$26,740		$22,625		$40,268		$  89,633
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,778	)
Cash collateral netting							(35,683	)
Total							$  36,172
As of December 2016
Assets
Interest rates	$  5,845		$18,376		$79,507		$103,728
Credit	1,763		2,695		4,889		9,347
Currencies	18,344		8,292		8,428		35,064
Commodities	3,273		1,415		179		4,867
Equities	3,141		9,249		1,341		13,731
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,543	)	(5,550	)	(3,794	)	(12,887	)
Subtotal	$28,823		$34,477		$90,550		$153,850
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,396	)
Cash collateral netting							(85,329	)
Total							$  51,125
Liabilities
Interest rates	$  5,679		$10,814		$38,812		$  55,305
Credit	2,060		3,328		1,167		6,555
Currencies	14,720		9,771		5,879		30,370
Commodities	2,546		1,555		2,315		6,416
Equities	7,000		10,426		2,614		20,040
Counterparty netting in tenors	(3,543	)	(5,550	)	(3,794	)	(12,887	)
Subtotal	$28,462		$30,344		$46,993		$105,799
Cross-tenor counterparty netting							(17,396	)
Cash collateral netting							(42,986	)
Total							$  45,417

Credit Derivatives

The table below presents certain information about credit derivatives.

	Credit Spread on Underlier (basis points)
$ in millions		0 - 250	251 - 500		501 - 1,000		Greater than 1,000		Total
As of September 2017
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivatives by Tenor
Less than 1 year		$208,398	$  6,880		$     731		$  5,048		$221,057
1 - 5 years		327,617	10,426		7,711		7,961		353,715
Greater than 5 years		86,151	5,518		2,578		1,118		95,365
Total		$622,166	$22,824		$11,020		$14,127		$670,137
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives
Offsetting		$537,389	$17,554		$  9,831		$12,257		$577,031
Other		136,997	9,672		2,024		1,867		150,560
Fair Value of Written Credit Derivatives
Asset		$  14,519	$     732		$     229		$     164		$  15,644
Liability		1,614	452		810		4,370		7,246
Net asset/(liability)		$  12,905	$     280		$    (581	)	$ (4,206	)	$    8,398
As of December 2016
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivatives by Tenor
Less than 1 year		$207,727	$  5,819		$  1,016		$  8,629		$223,191
1 - 5 years		375,208	17,255		8,643		7,986		409,092
Greater than 5 years		52,977	3,928		1,045		233		58,183
Total		$635,912	$27,002		$10,704		$16,848		$690,466
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives
Offsetting		$558,305	$20,588		$10,133		$15,186		$604,212
Other		119,509	7,712		1,098		1,446		129,765
Fair Value of Written Credit Derivatives
Asset		$  13,919	$     606		$     187		$       45		$  14,757
Liability		2,436	902		809		5,686		9,833
Net asset/(liability)		$  11,483	$    (296	)	$    (622	)	$ (5,641	)	$    4,924

Bifurcated Embedded Derivatives

The table below presents the fair value and the notional amount of derivatives that have been bifurcated from their related borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Fair value of assets		$   893	$   676
Fair value of liabilities		1,053	864
Net liability		$   160	$   188
Notional amount		$9,717	$8,726

Derivatives with Credit-Related Contingent Features

The table below presents the aggregate fair value of net derivative liabilities under such agreements (excluding application of collateral posted to reduce these liabilities), the related aggregate fair value of the assets posted as collateral and the additional collateral or termination payments that could have been called by counterparties in the event of a one-notch and two-notch downgrade in the firm’s credit ratings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Net derivative liabilities under bilateral agreements		$27,290	$32,927
Collateral posted		$23,416	$27,840
Additional collateral or termination payments:
One-notch downgrade		$     272	$     677
Two-notch downgrade		$  1,374	$  2,216

Gain (Loss) from Interest Rate Hedges and Related Hedged Borrowings and Deposits

The table below presents the gains/(losses) from interest rate derivatives accounted for as hedges, the related hedged borrowings and deposits, and the hedge ineffectiveness on these derivatives, which primarily consists of amortization of prepaid credit spreads resulting from the passage of time.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Interest rate hedges		$(518	)	$(984	)		$(1,944	)	$ 1,865
Hedged borrowings and deposits		379		823			1,433		(2,169	)
Hedge ineffectiveness		$(139	)	$(161	)		$   (511	)	$   (304	)

Gains and Losses on Net Investment Hedges

The table below presents the gains/(losses) from net investment hedging.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Hedges:
Foreign currency forward contract		$(192	)	$(74	)		$(770	)	$(382	)
Foreign currency-denominated debt		$    (2	)	$(47	)		$  (70	)	$(408	)

XML

Fair Value Option (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities by Level

The table below presents, by level within the fair value hierarchy, other financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value, substantially all of which are accounted for at fair value under the fair value option.

$ in millions	Level 1	Level 2		Level 3		Total
As of September 2017
Assets
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	$  –	$ 112,108		$          –		$ 112,108
Securities borrowed	–	74,121		–		74,121
Receivables from customers and counterparties	–	3,518		1		3,519
Total	$  –	$ 189,747		$          1		$ 189,748
Liabilities
Deposits	$  –	$  (20,960	)	$  (2,792	)	$  (23,752	)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	–	(86,380	)	(44	)	(86,424	)
Securities loaned	–	(5,038	)	–		(5,038	)
Other secured financings	–	(21,850	)	(453	)	(22,303	)
Unsecured borrowings:
Short-term	–	(13,880	)	(3,875	)	(17,755	)
Long-term	–	(28,425	)	(7,536	)	(35,961	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	–	(208	)	(53	)	(261	)
Total	$  –	$(176,741	)	$(14,753	)	$(191,494	)
As of December 2016
Assets
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	$  –	$ 116,077		$          –		$ 116,077
Securities borrowed	–	82,398		–		82,398
Receivables from customers and counterparties	–	3,211		55		3,266
Total	$  –	$ 201,686		$        55		$ 201,741
Liabilities
Deposits	$  –	$  (10,609	)	$  (3,173	)	$  (13,782	)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	–	(71,750	)	(66	)	(71,816	)
Securities loaned	–	(2,647	)	–		(2,647	)
Other secured financings	–	(20,516	)	(557	)	(21,073	)
Unsecured borrowings:
Short-term	–	(10,896	)	(3,896	)	(14,792	)
Long-term	–	(22,185	)	(7,225	)	(29,410	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	–	(559	)	(62	)	(621	)
Total	$  –	$(139,162	)	$(14,979	)	$(154,141	)

Level 3 Rollforward

The table below presents a summary of the changes in fair value for level 3 other financial assets and financial liabilities accounted for at fair value.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Total other financial assets
Beginning balance		$          1		$        48			$        55		$        45
Net realized gains/(losses)		–		1			–		2
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		–		1			(3	)	1
Purchases		–		6			1		10
Settlements		–		(1	)		(52	)	(3	)
Ending balance		$          1		$        55			$          1		$        55
Total other financial liabilities
Beginning balance		$(15,863	)	$(15,089	)		$(14,979	)	$(11,244	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(79	)	(23	)		(212	)	(76	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(249	)	(306	)		(821	)	(335	)
Purchases		–		(3	)		(3	)	(10	)
Sales		–		–			–		6
Issuances		(2,352	)	(2,150	)		(6,479	)	(8,996	)
Settlements		1,873		1,787			5,111		5,192
Transfers into level 3		(119	)	(230	)		(631	)	(803	)
Transfers out of level 3		2,036		886			3,261		1,138
Ending balance		$(14,753	)	$(15,128	)		$(14,753	)	$(15,128	)

The table below disaggregates, by the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition line items, the information for other financial liabilities included in the summary table above.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Deposits
Beginning balance		$(3,579	)	$(2,936	)		$(3,173	)	$(2,215	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(1	)	(7	)		(5	)	(20	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(57	)	–			(160	)	(208	)
Issuances		(169	)	(284	)		(513	)	(797	)
Settlements		189		9			225		22
Transfers out of level 3		825		–			834		–
Ending balance		$(2,792	)	$(3,218	)		$(2,792	)	$(3,218	)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
Beginning balance		$     (61	)	$     (76	)		$     (66	)	$     (71	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		–		–			(1	)	(6	)
Settlements		17		1			23		2
Ending balance		$     (44	)	$     (75	)		$     (44	)	$     (75	)
Other secured financings
Beginning balance		$   (718	)	$   (688	)		$   (557	)	$   (549	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		1		(1	)		10		(4	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(4	)	(9	)		(26	)	(33	)
Purchases		–		(3	)		(3	)	(8	)
Sales		–		–			–		6
Issuances		(4	)	(1	)		(21	)	(141	)
Settlements		44		191			134		228
Transfers into level 3		(2	)	(106	)		(221	)	(116	)
Transfers out of level 3		230		1			231		1
Ending balance		$   (453	)	$   (616	)		$   (453	)	$   (616	)
Unsecured short-term borrowings
Beginning balance		$(3,735	)	$(4,654	)		$(3,896	)	$(4,133	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(77	)	–			(188	)	(33	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(86	)	(218	)		(206	)	(98	)
Issuances		(1,229	)	(692	)		(3,535	)	(3,327	)
Settlements		1,027		1,208			2,756		3,522
Transfers into level 3		(30	)	(76	)		(113	)	(427	)
Transfers out of level 3		255		760			1,307		824
Ending balance		$(3,875	)	$(3,672	)		$(3,875	)	$(3,672	)
Unsecured long-term borrowings
Beginning balance		$(7,706	)	$(6,626	)		$(7,225	)	$(4,224	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		(7	)	(19	)		(43	)	(27	)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		(113	)	(88	)		(437	)	21
Purchases		–		–			–		(2	)
Issuances		(945	)	(1,160	)		(2,396	)	(4,676	)
Settlements		596		378			1,973		1,417
Transfers into level 3		(87	)	(48	)		(297	)	(260	)
Transfers out of level 3		726		125			889		313
Ending balance		$(7,536	)	$(7,438	)		$(7,536	)	$(7,438	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses
Beginning balance		$     (64	)	$   (109	)		$     (62	)	$     (52	)
Net realized gains/(losses)		5		4			14		8
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		11		9			9		(11	)
Issuances		(5	)	(13	)		(14	)	(55	)
Settlements		–		–			–		1
Ending balance		$     (53	)	$   (109	)		$     (53	)	$   (109	)

Gains and Losses on Other Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities at Fair Value

The table below presents the gains and losses recognized in earnings as a result of the firm electing to apply the fair value option to certain financial assets and financial liabilities.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
Unsecured short-term borrowings		$   (819	)	$(832	)		$(2,036	)	$   (773	)
Unsecured long-term borrowings		(448	)	(19	)		(1,121	)	(608	)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses		16		1			204		(86	)
Other		(166	)	(85	)		(445	)	(629	)
Total		$(1,417	)	$(935	)		$(3,398	)	$(2,096	)

Loans and Lending Commitments

The table below presents the difference between the aggregate fair value and the aggregate contractual principal amount for loans and long-term receivables for which the fair value option was elected.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Performing loans and long-term receivables
Aggregate contractual principal in excess of fair value		$   608	$   478
Loans on nonaccrual status and/or more than 90 days past due
Aggregate contractual principal in excess of fair value		$5,385	$8,101
Aggregate fair value of loans on nonaccrual status and/or more than 90 days past due		$2,220	$2,138

Summary of DVA Losses on Financial Liabilities

The table below presents details about the net DVA losses on such financial liabilities.

	Three Months Ended September					Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016			2017		2016
DVA (pre-tax)		$(161	)	$(13	)		$(804	)	$(116	)
DVA (net of tax)		$(104	)	$(13	)		$(518	)	$  (75	)

In the table above:

• DVA (net of tax) is included in “Debt valuation adjustment” in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

• The gains/(losses) reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive loss upon extinguishment of such financial liabilities were not material for both the three and nine months ended September 2017 and September 2016.

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Loans Receivable (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Receivables [Abstract]

Summary of Loans Receivable

The table below presents details about loans receivable.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Corporate loans		$30,422		$24,837
Loans to private wealth management clients		14,441		13,828
Loans backed by commercial real estate		7,094		4,761
Loans backed by residential real estate		5,327		3,865
Other loans		4,939		2,890
Total loans receivable, gross		62,223		50,181
Allowance for loan losses		(737	)	(509	)
Total loans receivable		$61,486		$49,672

Summary of Purchased Credit Impaired (PCI) Loans

The table below presents details about PCI loans.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Loans backed by commercial real estate		$1,294	$1,444
Loans backed by residential real estate		3,222	2,508
Other loans		11	18
Total gross carrying value		$4,527	$3,970
Total outstanding principal balance		$9,354	$8,515
Total accretable yield		$   622	$   526

The table below presents details about PCI loans at the time of acquisition.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Fair value		$337	$   507		$1,425	$1,364
Expected cash flows		$369	$   556		$1,579	$1,549
Contractually required cash flows		$635	$1,168		$3,443	$3,405

Summary of Other Loans Receivable

The table below presents gross loans receivable (excluding PCI loans of $4.53 billion and $3.97 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, which are not assigned a credit rating equivalent) and related lending commitments by the firm’s internally determined public rating agency equivalent and by regulatory risk rating.

$ in millions	Loans	Lending Commitments	Total
Credit Rating Equivalent
As of September 2017
Investment-grade	$21,135	$  73,388	$  94,523
Non-investment-grade	36,561	31,613	68,174
Total	$57,696	$105,001	$162,697
As of December 2016
Investment-grade	$18,434	$  72,323	$  90,757
Non-investment-grade	27,777	25,722	53,499
Total	$46,211	$  98,045	$144,256
Regulatory Risk Rating
As of September 2017
Non-criticized/pass	$53,784	$100,155	$153,939
Criticized	3,912	4,846	8,758
Total	$57,696	$105,001	$162,697
As of December 2016
Non-criticized/pass	$43,146	$  94,966	$138,112
Criticized	3,065	3,079	6,144
Total	$46,211	$  98,045	$144,256

Summary of Changes in Allowance for Loan Losses and Allowance for Losses on Lending Commitments

The table below presents changes in the allowance for loan losses and the allowance for losses on lending commitments.

$ in millions	Nine Months Ended September 2017		Year Ended December 2016
Allowance for loan losses
Beginning balance	$509		$414
Charge-offs	(63	)	(8	)
Provision	316		138
Other	(25	)	(35	)
Ending balance	$737		$509
Allowance for losses on lending commitments
Beginning balance	$212		$188
Provision	51		44
Other	(21	)	(20	)
Ending balance	$242		$212

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Resale and Repurchase Agreements and Securities Borrowed and Loaned Transactions

The table below presents the carrying value of resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Securities purchased under agreements to resell		$112,532	$116,925
Securities borrowed		$188,394	$184,600
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase		$  86,424	$  71,816
Securities loaned		$  13,160	$    7,524

Offsetting Arrangements

The table below presents the gross and net resale and repurchase agreements and securities borrowed and loaned transactions, and the related amount of counterparty netting included in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, as well as the amounts of counterparty netting and cash and securities collateral, not offset in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.

	Assets					Liabilities
$ in millions		Resale agreements		Securities borrowed			Repurchase agreements		Securities loaned
As of September 2017
Included in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Gross carrying value		$ 192,738		$ 193,084			$166,630		$17,850
Counterparty netting		(80,206	)	(4,690	)		(80,206	)	(4,690	)
Total		112,532		188,394			86,424		13,160
Amounts not offset
Counterparty netting		(9,540	)	(5,910	)		(9,540	)	(5,910	)
Collateral		(101,643	)	(172,010	)		(73,831	)	(7,144	)
Total		$     1,349		$   10,474			$    3,053		$     106
As of December 2016
Included in condensed consolidated statements of financial condition
Gross carrying value		$ 173,561		$ 189,571			$128,452		$12,495
Counterparty netting		(56,636	)	(4,971	)		(56,636	)	(4,971	)
Total		116,925		184,600			71,816		7,524
Amounts not offset
Counterparty netting		(8,319	)	(4,045	)		(8,319	)	(4,045	)
Collateral		(107,148	)	(170,625	)		(62,081	)	(3,087	)
Total		$     1,458		$     9,930			$    1,416		$     392

Schedule of Gross Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements and Securities Loaned by Class of Collateral Pledged

The table below presents the gross carrying value of repurchase agreements and securities loaned by class of collateral pledged.

$ in millions	Repurchase agreements	Securities loaned
As of September 2017
Money market instruments	$       475	$         –
U.S. government and agency obligations	75,559	–
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	69,887	2,588
Securities backed by commercial real estate	31	–
Securities backed by residential real estate	331	–
Corporate debt securities	8,870	1,008
State and municipal obligations	44	–
Other debt obligations	5	–
Equity securities	11,428	14,254
Total	$166,630	$17,850
As of December 2016
Money market instruments	$       317	$         –
U.S. government and agency obligations	47,207	115
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations	56,156	1,846
Securities backed by commercial real estate	208	–
Securities backed by residential real estate	122	–
Corporate debt securities	8,297	39
State and municipal obligations	831	–
Other debt obligations	286	–
Equity securities	15,028	10,495
Total	$128,452	$12,495

Schedule of Gross Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements and Securities Loaned by Maturity Date

The table below presents the gross carrying value of repurchase agreements and securities loaned by maturity date.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Repurchase agreements	Securities loaned
No stated maturity and overnight		$  56,286	$10,350
2 - 30 days		57,320	2,465
31 - 90 days		13,851	500
91 days - 1 year		24,673	2,545
Greater than 1 year		14,500	1,990
Total		$166,630	$17,850

Other Secured Financings

The table below presents information about other secured financings.

$ in millions	U.S. Dollar	Non-U.S. Dollar	Total
As of September 2017
Other secured financings (short-term):
At fair value	$  5,543	$ 4,905	$10,448
At amortized cost	$       97	$    339	$     436
Weighted average interest rates	3.73%	2.55%
Other secured financings (long-term):
At fair value	$  7,523	$ 4,332	$11,855
At amortized cost	$         –	$        –	$         –
Weighted average interest rates	–%	–%
Total	$13,163	$ 9,576	$22,739
Other secured financings collateralized by:
Financial instruments	$11,198	$ 9,223	$20,421
Other assets	$  1,965	$    353	$  2,318
As of December 2016
Other secured financings (short-term):
At fair value	$  9,380	$ 3,738	$13,118
At amortized cost	$         –	$        –	$         –
Weighted average interest rates	–%	–%
Other secured financings (long-term):
At fair value	$  5,562	$ 2,393	$  7,955
At amortized cost	$     145	$    305	$     450
Weighted average interest rates	4.06%	2.16%
Total	$15,087	$ 6,436	$21,523
Other secured financings collateralized by:
Financial instruments	$13,858	$ 5,974	$19,832
Other assets	$  1,229	$    462	$  1,691

Other Secured Financings by Maturity Date

The table below presents other secured financings by maturity date.

$ in millions	As of September 2017
Other secured financings (short-term)	$10,884
Other secured financings (long-term):
2018	4,104
2019	2,238
2020	1,381
2021	506
2022	2,105
2023 - thereafter	1,521
Total other secured financings (long-term)	11,855
Total other secured financings	$22,739

Financial Instruments Received as Collateral and Repledged

The table below presents financial instruments at fair value received as collateral that were available to be delivered or repledged and were delivered or repledged by the firm.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Collateral available to be delivered or repledged		$720,263	$634,609
Collateral that was delivered or repledged		$591,215	$495,717

In the table above, as of September 2017 and December 2016, collateral available to be delivered or repledged excludes $8.30 billion and $15.47 billion, respectively, of securities received under resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions that contractually had the right to be delivered or repledged, but were segregated for regulatory and other purposes.

Financial Instruments Owned, at Fair Value and Other Assets Pledged as Collateral

The table below presents information about assets pledged.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Financial instruments owned pledged to counterparties that:
Had the right to deliver or repledge		$  54,266	$  51,278
Did not have the right to deliver or repledge		$  86,105	$  61,099
Other assets pledged to counterparties that did not have the right to deliver or repledge		$    4,497	$    3,287

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Securitization Activities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Transfers and Servicing [Abstract]

Amount of Financial Assets Securitized and Cash Flows Received on Retained Interests

The table below presents the amount of financial assets securitized and the cash flows received on retained interests in securitization entities in which the firm had continuing involvement as of the end of the period.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Residential mortgages		$4,010	$4,254		$12,304	$  9,152
Commercial mortgages		1,763	1,123		4,717	1,873
Other financial assets		–	175		395	175
Total		$5,773	$5,552		$17,416	$11,200
Retained interests cash flows		$     83	$   115		$     206	$     168

Firms Continuing Involvement in Securitization Entities to Which Firm Sold Assets

The table below presents the firm’s continuing involvement in nonconsolidated securitization entities to which the firm sold assets, as well as the total outstanding principal amount of transferred assets in which the firm has continuing involvement.

$ in millions	Outstanding Principal Amount	Retained Interests	Purchased Interests
As of September 2017
U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations	$22,312	$   967	$29
Other residential mortgage-backed	6,292	530	2
Other commercial mortgage-backed	3,924	114	10
CDOs, CLOs and other	2,057	46	12
Total	$34,585	$1,657	$53
As of December 2016
U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations	$25,140	$   953	$24
Other residential mortgage-backed	3,261	540	6
Other commercial mortgage-backed	357	15	–
CDOs, CLOs and other	2,284	56	6
Total	$31,042	$1,564	$36

In the table above:

• The outstanding principal amount is presented for the purpose of providing information about the size of the securitization entities and is not representative of the firm’s risk of loss.

• The firm’s risk of loss from retained or purchased interests is limited to the carrying value of these interests.

• Purchased interests represent senior and subordinated interests, purchased in connection with secondary market-making activities, in securitization entities in which the firm also holds retained interests.

• Substantially all of the total outstanding principal amount and total retained interests relate to securitizations during 2012 and thereafter.

• The fair value of retained interests was $1.66 billion and $1.58 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively.

Weighted Average Key Economic Assumptions Used in Measuring Fair Value of Firm's Retained Interests and Sensitivity of This Fair Value to Immediate Adverse Changes

The table below presents the weighted average key economic assumptions used in measuring the fair value of mortgage-backed retained interests and the sensitivity of this fair value to immediate adverse changes of 10% and 20% in those assumptions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Fair value of retained interests		$1,618		$1,519
Weighted average life (years)		6.7		7.5
Constant prepayment rate		9.3%		8.1%
Impact of 10% adverse change		$    (19	)	$    (14	)
Impact of 20% adverse change		$    (37	)	$    (28	)
Discount rate		4.9%		5.3%
Impact of 10% adverse change		$    (33	)	$    (37	)
Impact of 20% adverse change		$    (65	)	$    (71	)

In the table above:

• Amounts do not reflect the benefit of other financial instruments that are held to mitigate risks inherent in these retained interests.

• Changes in fair value based on an adverse variation in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the change in fair value is not usually linear.

• The impact of a change in a particular assumption is calculated independently of changes in any other assumption. In practice, simultaneous changes in assumptions might magnify or counteract the sensitivities disclosed above.

• The constant prepayment rate is included only for positions for which it is a key assumption in the determination of fair value.

• The discount rate for retained interests that relate to U.S. government agency-issued collateralized mortgage obligations does not include any credit loss. Expected credit loss assumptions are reflected in the discount rate for the remainder of retained interests.

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Variable Interest Entities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Nonconsolidated Variable Interest Entities

The table below presents a summary of the nonconsolidated VIEs in which the firm holds variable interests.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Total nonconsolidated VIEs
Assets in VIEs		$89,926	$70,083
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		7,787	6,199
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		172	254
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		1,657	1,564
Purchased interests		1,175	544
Commitments and guarantees		3,072	2,196
Derivatives		8,451	7,144
Loans and investments		4,419	3,760
Total maximum exposure to loss		$18,774	$15,208

The table below disaggregates, by principal business activity, the information for nonconsolidated VIEs included in the summary table above.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Mortgage-backed
Assets in VIEs		$49,438	$32,714
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		2,731	1,936
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		1,611	1,508
Purchased interests		1,118	429
Commitments and guarantees		10	9
Derivatives		100	163
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  2,839	$  2,109
Corporate CDOs and CLOs
Assets in VIEs		$  7,105	$  5,391
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		1,020	393
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		31	25
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		2	2
Purchased interests		20	43
Commitments and guarantees		1,316	186
Derivatives		3,994	2,841
Loans and investments		661	94
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  5,993	$  3,166
Real estate, credit-related and other investing
Assets in VIEs		$  9,992	$  8,617
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		2,319	2,550
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		3	3
Maximum exposure to loss:
Commitments and guarantees		705	693
Loans and investments		2,319	2,550
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  3,024	$  3,243
Other asset-backed
Assets in VIEs		$  6,855	$  6,405
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		593	293
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		135	220
Maximum exposure to loss:
Retained interests		44	54
Purchased interests		37	72
Commitments and guarantees		275	275
Derivatives		4,353	4,134
Loans and investments		315	89
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  5,024	$  4,624
Investments in funds and other
Assets in VIEs		$16,536	$16,956
Carrying value of variable interests — assets		1,124	1,027
Carrying value of variable interests — liabilities		3	6
Maximum exposure to loss:
Commitments and guarantees		766	1,033
Derivatives		4	6
Loans and investments		1,124	1,027
Total maximum exposure to loss		$  1,894	$  2,066

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities

The table below presents a summary of the carrying value and classification of assets and liabilities in consolidated VIEs.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Total consolidated VIEs
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$   216	$   300
Loans receivable		410	603
Financial instruments owned		1,173	2,047
Other assets		765	682
Total		$2,564	$3,632
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   787	$   854
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		–	1
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		17	7
Unsecured short-term borrowings		127	197
Unsecured long-term borrowings		280	334
Other liabilities and accrued expenses		422	803
Total		$1,633	$2,196

The table below disaggregates, by principal business activity, the information for consolidated VIEs included in the summary table above.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Real estate, credit-related and other investing
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents		$   216	$   300
Loans receivable		410	603
Financial instruments owned		877	1,708
Other assets		752	680
Total		$2,255	$3,291
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   158	$   284
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		–	1
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		17	7
Other liabilities and accrued expenses		422	803
Total		$   597	$1,095
CDOs, mortgage-backed and other asset-backed
Assets
Financial instruments owned		$   238	$   253
Other assets		13	2
Total		$   251	$   255
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   150	$   139
Total		$   150	$   139
Principal-protected notes
Assets
Financial instruments owned		$     58	$     86
Total		$     58	$     86
Liabilities
Other secured financings		$   479	$   431
Unsecured short-term borrowings		127	197
Unsecured long-term borrowings		280	334
Total		$   886	$   962

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Other Assets (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Deferred Costs, Capitalized, Prepaid, and Other Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Other Assets

Other assets are generally less liquid, nonfinancial assets. The table below presents other assets by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment		$14,805	$12,070
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets		4,058	4,095
Income tax-related assets		5,253	5,550
Miscellaneous receivables and other		5,377	3,766
Total		$29,493	$25,481

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The table below presents the carrying value of goodwill.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Investment Banking:
Financial Advisory		$     98	$     98
Underwriting		183	183
Institutional Client Services:
FICC Client Execution		269	269
Equities client execution		2,403	2,403
Securities services		105	105
Investing & Lending		2	2
Investment Management		605	606
Total		$3,665	$3,666

The table below presents the carrying value of identifiable intangible assets.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Institutional Client Services:
FICC Client Execution		$      39	$      65
Equities client execution		102	141
Investing & Lending		130	105
Investment Management		122	118
Total		$    393	$    429

Intangible Assets Disclosure

The table below presents further details on the net carrying value of identifiable intangible assets.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Customer lists
Gross carrying value		$ 1,088		$ 1,065
Accumulated amortization		(886	)	(837	)
Net carrying value		202		228
Other
Gross carrying value		571		543
Accumulated amortization		(380	)	(342	)
Net carrying value		191		201
Total
Gross carrying value		1,659		1,608
Accumulated amortization		(1,266	)	(1,179	)
Net carrying value		$    393		$    429

In the table above:

• The net carrying value of other intangibles primarily includes intangible assets related to acquired leases and commodities transportation rights.

• During the three and nine months ended September 2017, the firm acquired $20 million (substantially all related to acquired leases) and $81 million (primarily related to acquired leases), respectively, of intangible assets with a weighted average amortization period of three years.

• During 2016, the firm acquired $89 million (primarily related to acquired leases) of intangible assets with a weighted average amortization period of three years.

Amortization Expense

The tables below present details about amortization of identifiable intangible assets.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Amortization		$33	$37		$103	$116

Estimated Future Amortization

$ in millions	As of September 2017
Estimated future amortization
Remainder of 2017	$  40
2018	$127
2019	$  95
2020	$  38
2021	$  27
2022	$  21

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Deposits (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Banking and Thrift [Abstract]

Schedule of Types and Sources of Deposits

The table below presents the types and sources of the firm’s deposits.

$ in millions	Savings and Demand	Time	Total
As of September 2017
Private bank and online retail	$61,208	$    4,274	$  65,482
Brokered certificates of deposit	–	32,537	32,537
Deposit sweep programs	15,974	–	15,974
Institutional	1	18,767	18,768
Total	$77,183	$  55,578	$132,761
As of December 2016
Private bank and online retail	$61,166	$    4,437	$  65,603
Brokered certificates of deposit	–	34,905	34,905
Deposit sweep programs	16,019	–	16,019
Institutional	12	7,559	7,571
Total	$77,197	$  46,901	$124,098

Deposits

The table below presents deposits held in U.S. and non-U.S. offices.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
U.S. offices		$103,812	$106,037
Non-U.S. offices		28,949	18,061
Total		$132,761	$124,098

Maturities of Time Deposits

The table below presents maturities of time deposits held in U.S. and non-U.S. offices.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		U.S.	Non-U.S.	Total
Remainder of 2017		$  2,400	$  4,999	$  7,399
2018		9,053	14,505	23,558
2019		6,143	157	6,300
2020		4,759	12	4,771
2021		3,584	43	3,627
2022		4,306	86	4,392
2023 - thereafter		5,140	391	5,531
Total		$35,385	$20,193	$55,578

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Short-Term Borrowings (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Short-Term Borrowings

The table below presents details about the firm’s short-term borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Other secured financings (short-term)		$10,884	$13,118
Unsecured short-term borrowings		45,357	39,265
Total		$56,241	$52,383

Unsecured Short-Term Borrowings

The table below presents details about the firm’s unsecured short-term borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Current portion of unsecured long-term borrowings		$  27,261	$  23,528
Hybrid financial instruments		14,264	11,700
Other unsecured short-term borrowings		3,832	4,037
Total		$  45,357	$  39,265
Weighted average interest rate		2.35%	1.68%

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Long-Term Borrowings (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Borrowings

The table below presents details about the firm’s long-term borrowings.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Other secured financings (long-term)		$  11,855	$    8,405
Unsecured long-term borrowings		211,852	189,086
Total		$223,707	$197,491

Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings

The table below presents unsecured long-term borrowings extending through 2057, which consists principally of senior borrowings.

$ in millions	U.S. Dollar	Non-U.S. Dollar	Total
As of September 2017
Fixed-rate obligations	$  98,948	$35,525	$134,473
Floating-rate obligations	43,799	33,580	77,379
Total	$142,747	$69,105	$211,852
As of December 2016
Fixed-rate obligations	$  96,113	$32,159	$128,272
Floating-rate obligations	36,748	24,066	60,814
Total	$132,861	$56,225	$189,086

Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings by Maturity Date

The table below presents unsecured long-term borrowings by maturity date.

$ in millions	As of September 2017
2018	$    7,529
2019	28,171
2020	22,663
2021	21,663
2022	18,396
2023 - thereafter	113,430
Total	$211,852

Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings after Hedging

The table below presents unsecured long-term borrowings, after giving effect to such hedging activities.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Fixed-rate obligations:
At fair value		$       146	$       150
At amortized cost		75,821	74,718
Floating-rate obligations:
At fair value		35,815	29,260
At amortized cost		100,070	84,958
Total		$211,852	$189,086

Subordinated Long-Term Borrowings

The table below presents details about the firm’s subordinated borrowings.

$ in millions	Par Amount	Carrying Amount	Rate
As of September 2017
Subordinated debt	$14,104	$16,290	3.67%
Junior subordinated debt	1,309	1,745	2.23%
Total	$15,413	$18,035	3.55%
As of December 2016
Subordinated debt	$15,058	$17,604	4.29%
Junior subordinated debt	1,360	1,809	5.70%
Total	$16,418	$19,413	4.41%

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Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]

Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses

The table below presents other liabilities and accrued expenses by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Compensation and benefits		$    6,347	$    7,181
Noncontrolling interests		568	506
Income tax-related liabilities		1,747	1,794
Employee interests in consolidated funds		222	77
Subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs		20	584
Accrued expenses and other		4,944	4,220
Total		$  13,848	$  14,362

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Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments

The table below presents the firm’s commitments by type.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Commercial lending:
Investment-grade		$  73,597	$  73,664
Non-investment-grade		41,210	34,878
Warehouse financing		5,025	3,514
Total commitments to extend credit		119,832	112,056
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements		53,180	25,348
Forward starting collateralized financings		14,790	8,939
Letters of credit		404	373
Investment commitments		8,467	8,444
Other		7,761	6,014
Total commitments		$204,434	$161,174

The table below presents the firm’s commitments by period of expiration.

	As of September 2017
$ in millions		Remainder of 2017	2018 - 2019	2020 - 2021	2022 - Thereafter
Commercial lending:
Investment-grade		$  2,130	$21,170	$31,136	$19,161
Non-investment-grade		539	9,499	16,428	14,744
Warehouse financing		172	2,122	1,602	1,129
Total commitments to extend credit		2,841	32,791	49,166	35,034
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements		53,177	3	–	–
Forward starting collateralized financings		14,790	–	–	–
Letters of credit		15	349	–	40
Investment commitments		4,973	967	258	2,269
Other		7,321	381	16	43
Total commitments		$83,117	$34,491	$49,440	$37,386

Leases

The table below presents future minimum rental payments, net of minimum sublease rentals.

$ in millions	As of September 2017
Remainder of 2017	$     84
2018	299
2019	267
2020	233
2021	176
2022	121
2023 - thereafter	684
Total	$1,864

Guarantees

The table below presents information about certain derivatives that meet the definition of a guarantee, securities lending indemnifications and certain other guarantees.

$ in millions	Derivatives	Securities lending indemnifications	Other financial guarantees
As of September 2017
Carrying Value of Net Liability	$       6,554	$         –	$     39
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration
Remainder of 2017	$   538,975	$40,731	$   229
2018 - 2019	1,235,298	–	934
2020 - 2021	105,564	–	1,958
2022 - thereafter	110,355	–	579
Total	$1,990,192	$40,731	$3,700
As of December 2016
Carrying Value of Net Liability	$       8,873	$         –	$     50
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration
2017	$   432,328	$33,403	$1,064
2018 - 2019	261,676	–	763
2020 - 2021	71,264	–	1,662
2022 - thereafter	51,506	–	173
Total	$   816,774	$33,403	$3,662

In the table above:

• The maximum payout is based on the notional amount of the contract and does not represent anticipated losses.

• Amounts exclude certain commitments to issue standby letters of credit that are included in “Commitments to extend credit.” See the tables in “Commitments” above for a summary of the firm’s commitments.

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Shareholders' Equity (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Summary of Amount of Common Stock Repurchased by the Firm

The table below presents the amount of common stock repurchased by the firm under the share repurchase program.

	September 2017
in millions, except per share amounts		Three Months Ended	Nine Months Ended
Common share repurchases		9.6	22.4
Average cost per share		$225.12	$229.16
Total cost of common share repurchases		$  2,169	$  5,135

Summary of Perpetual Preferred Stock Issued and Outstanding

The tables below present details about the perpetual preferred stock issued and outstanding as of September 2017.

Series	Shares Authorized	Shares Issued	Shares Outstanding	Depositary Shares Per Share
A	50,000	30,000	29,999	1,000
B	50,000	32,000	32,000	1,000
C	25,000	8,000	8,000	1,000
D	60,000	54,000	53,999	1,000
E	17,500	7,667	7,667	N/A
F	5,000	1,615	1,615	N/A
I	34,500	34,000	34,000	1,000
J	46,000	40,000	40,000	1,000
K	32,200	28,000	28,000	1,000
L	52,000	52,000	52,000	25
M	80,000	80,000	80,000	25
N	31,050	27,000	27,000	1,000
O	26,000	26,000	26,000	25
Total	509,250	420,282	420,280

Series	Earliest Redemption Date	Liquidation Preference	Redemption Value ($ in millions)
A	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	$     750
B	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	800
C	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	200
D	Currently redeemable	$  25,000	1,350
E	Currently redeemable	$100,000	767
F	Currently redeemable	$100,000	161
I	November 10, 2017	$  25,000	850
J	May 10, 2023	$  25,000	1,000
K	May 10, 2024	$  25,000	700
L	May 10, 2019	$  25,000	1,300
M	May 10, 2020	$  25,000	2,000
N	May 10, 2021	$  25,000	675
O	November 10, 2026	$  25,000	650
Total			$11,203

In the tables above:

• All shares have a par value of $0.01 per share and, where applicable, each share is represented by the specified number of depositary shares.

• The earliest redemption date represents the date on which each share of non-cumulative Preferred Stock is redeemable at the firm’s option.

• Prior to redeeming preferred stock, the firm must receive confirmation that the Federal Reserve Board does not object to such capital action.

• The redemption price per share for Series A through F Preferred Stock is the liquidation preference plus declared and unpaid dividends. The redemption price per share for Series I through O Preferred Stock is the liquidation preference plus accrued and unpaid dividends. Each share of non-cumulative Series E and Series F Preferred Stock issued and outstanding is redeemable at the firm’s option, subject to certain covenant restrictions governing the firm’s ability to redeem the preferred stock without issuing common stock or other instruments with equity-like characteristics. See Note 16 for information about the replacement capital covenants applicable to the Series E and Series F Preferred Stock.

• All series of preferred stock are pari passu and have a preference over the firm’s common stock on liquidation.

• Dividends on each series of preferred stock, excluding Series L, Series M and Series O Preferred Stock, if declared, are payable quarterly in arrears. Dividends on Series L, Series M and Series O Preferred Stock, if declared, are payable semi-annually in arrears from the issuance date to, but excluding, May 10, 2019, May 10, 2020 and November 10, 2026, respectively, and quarterly thereafter.

• The firm’s ability to declare or pay dividends on, or purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire, its common stock is subject to certain restrictions in the event that the firm fails to pay or set aside full dividends on the preferred stock for the latest completed dividend period.

Summary of Dividend Rates of Perpetual Preferred Stock Issued and Outstanding

The table below presents the dividend rates of the firm’s perpetual preferred stock as of September 2017.

Series	Dividend Rate
A	3 month LIBOR + 0.75%, with floor of 3.75% per annum
B	6.20% per annum
C	3 month LIBOR + 0.75%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
D	3 month LIBOR + 0.67%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
E	3 month LIBOR + 0.77%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
F	3 month LIBOR + 0.77%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
I	5.95% per annum
J	5.50% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2023; 3 month LIBOR + 3.64% per annum thereafter
K	6.375% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2024; 3 month LIBOR + 3.55% per annum thereafter
L	5.70% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2019; 3 month LIBOR + 3.884% per annum thereafter
M	5.375% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2020; 3 month LIBOR + 3.922% per annum thereafter
N	6.30% per annum
O	5.30% per annum to, but excluding, November 10, 2026; 3 month LIBOR + 3.834% per annum thereafter

Summary of Preferred Dividends Declared on Preferred Stock Issued

The tables below present dividends declared on the firm’s preferred stock.

	Three Months Ended September
	2017			2016
Series		per share	$ in millions		per share	$ in millions
A		$   239.58	$  7		$   239.58	$  7
B		$   387.50	12		$   387.50	12
C		$   255.56	2		$   255.56	2
D		$   255.56	14		$   255.56	14
E		$1,022.22	7		$1,022.22	12
F		$1,022.22	2		$1,022.22	3
I		$   371.88	13		$   371.88	13
J		$   343.75	13		$   343.75	14
K		$   398.44	12		$   398.44	11
L		$            –	–		$            –	–
M		$            –	–		$            –	–
N		$   393.75	11		$   393.75	11
O		$            –	–		$            –	–
Total			$93			$99

	Nine Months Ended September
	2017			2016
Series		per share	$ in millions		per share	$ in millions
A		$   710.93	$  21		$   713.54	$  21
B		$1,162.50	37		$1,162.50	37
C		$   758.34	6		$   761.12	6
D		$   758.34	41		$   761.12	41
E		$3,044.44	23		$3,055.55	43
F		$3,044.44	5		$3,055.55	11
I		$1,115.64	38		$1,115.64	38
J		$1,031.25	41		$1,031.25	42
K		$1,195.32	34		$1,195.32	33
L		$   712.50	37		$   712.50	37
M		$   671.88	54		$   671.88	54
N		$1,181.25	32		$   730.63	20
O		$   662.50	17		$            –	–
Total			$386			$383

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income, Net of Tax

The table below presents changes in the accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, by type.

$ in millions	Beginning balance		Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax		Ending balance
Nine Months Ended September 2017
Currency translation	$   (647	)	$   19		$   (628	)
Debt valuation adjustment	(239	)	(518	)	(757	)
Pension and postretirement liabilities	(330	)	2		(328	)
Available-for-sale securities	–		(3	)	(3	)
Total	$(1,216	)	$(500	)	$(1,716	)
Year Ended December 2016
Currency translation	$   (587	)	$  (60	)	$   (647	)
Debt valuation adjustment	305		(544	)	(239	)
Pension and postretirement liabilities	(131	)	(199	)	(330	)
Total	$   (413	)	$(803	)	$(1,216	)

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Regulation and Capital Adequacy (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Minimum Capital Ratios

Regulatory Capital and Capital Ratios. The table below presents the minimum ratios required for the firm.

	As of
		September 2017	December 2016
CET1 ratio		7.000%	5.875%
Tier 1 capital ratio		8.500%	7.375%
Total capital ratio		10.500%	9.375%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		4.000%	4.000%

Capital Rollforward

The tables below present changes in CET1, Tier 1 capital and Tier 2 capital.

	Nine Months Ended September 2017
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Common Equity Tier 1
Beginning balance		$72,046		$72,046
Change in common shareholders’ equity		(601	)	(601	)
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(426	)	(426	)
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		31		31
Investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		586		586
Change in other adjustments		245		245
Ending balance		$71,881		$71,881
Tier 1 capital
Beginning balance		$82,440		$82,440
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(274	)	(274	)
Investments in covered funds		(91	)	(91	)
Other net increase in CET1		261		261
Change in other adjustments		63		63
Ending balance		82,399		82,399
Tier 2 capital
Beginning balance		16,074		15,352
Change in qualifying subordinated debt		(999	)	(999	)
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(157	)	(157	)
Change in the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		258		–
Change in other adjustments		5		5
Ending balance		15,181		14,201
Total capital		$97,580		$96,600

	Year Ended December 2016
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Common Equity Tier 1
Beginning balance		$71,363		$71,363
Change in common shareholders’ equity		162		162
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(839	)	(839	)
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		16		16
Investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		895		895
Change in other adjustments		449		449
Ending balance		$72,046		$72,046
Tier 1 capital
Beginning balance		$81,511		$81,511
Change in deduction for:
Transitional provisions		(558	)	(558	)
Investments in covered funds		(32	)	(32	)
Other net increase in CET1		1,522		1,522
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(330	)	(330	)
Change in preferred stock		3		3
Change in other adjustments		324		324
Ending balance		82,440		82,440
Tier 2 capital
Beginning balance		16,705		16,103
Change in qualifying subordinated debt		(566	)	(566	)
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(198	)	(198	)
Change in the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		120		–
Change in other adjustments		13		13
Ending balance		16,074		15,352
Total capital		$98,514		$97,792

Schedule of Minimum Ratios and Well Capitalized Minimum Ratios

The table below presents the minimum ratios and the “well-capitalized” minimum ratios required for GS Bank USA.  

	Minimum Ratio as of
		September 2017	December 2016	“Well-capitalized” Minimum Ratio
CET1 ratio		5.750%	5.125%	6.5%
Tier 1 capital ratio		7.250%	6.625%	8.0%
Total capital ratio		9.250%	8.625%	10.0%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		4.000%	4.000%	5.0%

Basel III Advanced Rules [Member]

Capital Ratios

The table below presents the ratios calculated in accordance with both the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Common shareholders’ equity		$  75,089		$  75,690
Deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities		(2,914	)	(2,874	)
Deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		–		(424	)
Other adjustments		(294	)	(346	)
Common Equity Tier 1		71,881		72,046
Preferred stock		11,203		11,203
Deduction for investments in covered funds		(536	)	(445	)
Other adjustments		(149	)	(364	)
Tier 1 capital		$  82,399		$  82,440
Standardized Tier 2 and Total capital
Tier 1 capital		$  82,399		$  82,440
Qualifying subordinated debt		13,567		14,566
Junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		635		792
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		980		722
Other adjustments		(1	)	(6	)
Standardized Tier 2 capital		15,181		16,074
Standardized Total capital		$  97,580		$  98,514
Basel III Advanced Tier 2 and Total capital
Tier 1 capital		$  82,399		$  82,440
Standardized Tier 2 capital		15,181		16,074
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		(980	)	(722	)
Basel III Advanced Tier 2 capital		14,201		15,352
Basel III Advanced Total capital		$  96,600		$  97,792
RWAs
Standardized		$540,184		$496,676
Basel III Advanced		$599,822		$549,650
CET1 ratio
Standardized		13.3%		14.5%
Basel III Advanced		12.0%		13.1%
Tier 1 capital ratio
Standardized		15.3%		16.6%
Basel III Advanced		13.7%		15.0%
Total capital ratio
Standardized		18.1%		19.8%
Basel III Advanced		16.1%		17.8%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		8.9%		9.4%

In the table above:

• Deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities, included goodwill of $3.67 billion as of both September 2017 and December 2016, and identifiable intangible assets of $314 million (80% of $393 million) and $257 million (60% of $429 million) as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively, net of associated deferred tax liabilities of $1.07 billion and $1.05 billion as of September 2017 and December 2016, respectively. Goodwill is fully deducted from CET1, while the deduction for identifiable intangible assets is required to be phased into CET1 ratably over five years from 2014 to 2018. The balance that is not deducted during the transitional period is risk weighted.

• Deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions represents the amount by which the firm’s investments in the capital of nonconsolidated financial institutions exceed certain prescribed thresholds. The deduction for such investments is required to be phased into CET1 ratably over five years from 2014 to 2018. As of September 2017 and December 2016, CET1 reflects 80% and 60% of the deduction, respectively. The balance that is not deducted during the transitional period is risk weighted.

• Deduction for investments in covered funds represents the firm’s aggregate investments in applicable covered funds, excluding investments that are subject to an extended conformance period. This deduction was not subject to a transition period. See Note 6 for further information about the Volcker Rule.

• Other adjustments within CET1 and Tier 1 capital primarily includes accumulated other comprehensive loss, credit valuation adjustments on derivative liabilities, the overfunded portion of the firm’s defined benefit pension plan obligation net of associated deferred tax liabilities, disallowed deferred tax assets and other required credit risk-based deductions. The deduction for such items is generally required to be phased into CET1 ratably over five years from 2014 to 2018. As of September 2017 and December 2016, CET1 reflects 80% and 60% of such deduction, respectively. The balance that is not deducted from CET1 during the transitional period is generally deducted from Tier 1 capital within other adjustments.

• As of September 2017, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts was fully phased out of Tier 1 capital, with 50% included in Tier 2 capital and 50% fully phased out of regulatory capital. As of December 2016, junior subordinated debt issued to trusts was fully phased out of Tier 1 capital, with 60% included in Tier 2 capital and 40% fully phased out of regulatory capital. Junior subordinated debt issued to trusts is reduced by the amount of trust preferred securities purchased by the firm and will be fully phased out of Tier 2 capital by 2022 at a rate of 10% per year. See Note 16 for further information about the firm’s junior subordinated debt issued to trusts and trust preferred securities purchased by the firm.

• Qualifying subordinated debt is subordinated debt issued by Group Inc. with an original maturity of five years or greater. The outstanding amount of subordinated debt qualifying for Tier 2 capital is reduced upon reaching a remaining maturity of five years. See Note 16 for further information about the firm’s subordinated debt.

Risk-weighted Assets

The tables below present the components of RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	Standardized Capital Rules as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Credit RWAs
Derivatives		$131,415	$124,286
Commitments, guarantees and loans		133,998	115,744
Securities financing transactions		79,656	71,319
Equity investments		46,176	41,428
Other		68,913	58,636
Total Credit RWAs		460,158	411,413
Market RWAs
Regulatory VaR		6,825	9,750
Stressed VaR		25,800	22,475
Incremental risk		10,288	7,875
Comprehensive risk		1,950	5,338
Specific risk		35,163	39,825
Total Market RWAs		80,026	85,263
Total RWAs		$540,184	$496,676
	Basel III Advanced Rules as of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Credit RWAs
Derivatives		$107,617	$105,096
Commitments, guarantees and loans		152,846	122,792
Securities financing transactions		20,156	14,673
Equity investments		49,499	44,095
Other		74,302	63,431
Total Credit RWAs		404,420	350,087
Market RWAs
Regulatory VaR		6,825	9,750
Stressed VaR		25,800	22,475
Incremental risk		10,288	7,875
Comprehensive risk		1,613	4,550
Specific risk		35,163	39,825
Total Market RWAs		79,689	84,475
Total Operational RWAs		115,713	115,088
Total RWAs		$599,822	$549,650

Risk-weighted Assets Rollforward

The table below presents changes in RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	Nine Months Ended September 2017
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Risk-Weighted Assets
Beginning balance		$496,676		$549,650
Credit RWAs
Change in:
Deduction for transitional provisions		(233	)	(233	)
Derivatives		7,129		2,521
Commitments, guarantees and loans		18,254		30,054
Securities financing transactions		8,337		5,483
Equity investments		4,910		5,566
Other		10,348		10,942
Change in Credit RWAs		48,745		54,333
Market RWAs
Change in:
Regulatory VaR		(2,925	)	(2,925	)
Stressed VaR		3,325		3,325
Incremental risk		2,413		2,413
Comprehensive risk		(3,388	)	(2,937	)
Specific risk		(4,662	)	(4,662	)
Change in Market RWAs		(5,237	)	(4,786	)
Operational RWAs
Change in operational risk		–		625
Change in Operational RWAs		–		625
Ending balance		$540,184		$599,822

The table below presents changes in RWAs calculated in accordance with the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	Year Ended December 2016
$ in millions		Standardized		Basel III Advanced
Risk-Weighted Assets
Beginning balance		$524,107		$577,651
Credit RWAs
Change in:
Deduction for transitional provisions		(531	)	(531	)
Derivatives		(12,555	)	(8,575	)
Commitments, guarantees and loans		4,353		8,269
Securities financing transactions		(73	)	(228	)
Equity investments		4,196		4,440
Other		(4,095	)	2,630
Change in Credit RWAs		(8,705	)	6,005
Market RWAs
Change in:
Regulatory VaR		(2,250	)	(2,250	)
Stressed VaR		737		737
Incremental risk		(1,638	)	(1,638	)
Comprehensive risk		(387	)	(167	)
Specific risk		(15,188	)	(15,188	)
Change in Market RWAs		(18,726	)	(18,506	)
Operational RWAs
Change in operational risk		–		(15,500	)
Change in Operational RWAs		–		(15,500	)
Ending balance		$496,676		$549,650

Hybrid Capital Rules [Member]

Capital Ratios

The table below presents the ratios for GS Bank USA calculated in accordance with both the Standardized and Basel III Advanced Rules.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017		December 2016
Standardized
Common Equity Tier 1		$  25,013		$  24,485
Tier 1 capital		25,013		24,485
Tier 2 capital		2,495		2,382
Total capital		$  27,508		$  26,867
Basel III Advanced
Common Equity Tier 1		$  25,013		$  24,485
Tier 1 capital		25,013		24,485
Standardized Tier 2 capital		2,495		2,382
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments		(495	)	(382	)
Tier 2 capital		2,000		2,000
Total capital		$  27,013		$  26,485
RWAs
Standardized		$216,487		$204,232
Basel III Advanced		$146,412		$131,051
CET1 ratio
Standardized		11.6%		12.0%
Basel III Advanced		17.1%		18.7%
Tier 1 capital ratio
Standardized		11.6%		12.0%
Basel III Advanced		17.1%		18.7%
Total capital ratio
Standardized		12.7%		13.2%
Basel III Advanced		18.4%		20.2%
Tier 1 leverage ratio		16.0%		14.4%

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Earnings Per Common Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Common Share

The table below presents the computations of basic and diluted EPS.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
in millions, except per share amounts		2017	2016		2017	2016
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders		$2,035	$2,100		$5,828	$4,934
Weighted average number of basic shares		398.2	422.4		405.6	431.5
Effect of dilutive securities:
RSUs		5.4	4.8		5.0	4.3
Stock options		2.1	3.0		2.4	3.0
Dilutive securities		7.5	7.8		7.4	7.3
Weighted average number of basic shares and dilutive securities		405.7	430.2		413.0	438.8
Basic EPS		$  5.09	$  4.96		$14.32	$11.40
Diluted EPS		$  5.02	$  4.88		$14.11	$11.24

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Transactions with Affiliated Funds (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Text Block [Abstract]

Fees Earned from Affiliated Funds

The tables below present fees earned from affiliated funds.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Fees earned from funds		$733	$704		$2,158	$1,949

Fees Receivable from Affiliated Funds and the Aggregate Carrying Value of the Firm's Interests in these Funds

The tables below present fees receivable from affiliated funds and the aggregate carrying value of the firm’s interests in affiliated funds.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
Fees receivable from funds		$   684	$   554
Aggregate carrying value of interests in funds		$5,820	$6,841

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Interest Income and Interest Expense (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Banking and Thrift, Interest [Abstract]

Interest Income and Interest Expense

Interest is recorded over the life of the instrument on an accrual basis based on contractual interest rates. The table below presents the firm’s sources of interest income and interest expense.

	Three Months Ended September				Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016			2017	2016
Interest income
Deposits with banks		$   212	$   116			$   567	$   320
Collateralized agreements		448	182			1,126	500
Financial instruments owned		1,492	1,299			4,336	4,171
Loans receivable		693	483			1,893	1,327
Other interest		566	309			1,455	949
Total interest income		3,411	2,389			9,377	7,267
Interest expense
Deposits		381	233			970	627
Collateralized financings		242	112			590	354
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		343	312			1,048	943
Short-term secured and unsecured borrowings		200	105			512	341
Long-term secured and unsecured borrowings		1,111	1,064			3,411	2,949
Other interest		404	(51	)		812	(198	)
Total interest expense		2,681	1,775			7,343	5,016
Net interest income		$   730	$   614			$2,034	$2,251

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Income Taxes (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Earliest Tax Years Subject to Examination by Major Jurisdiction

The table below presents the earliest tax years that remain subject to examination by major jurisdiction.

Jurisdiction	As of September 2017
U.S. Federal	2011
New York State and City	2007
United Kingdom	2014
Japan	2014
Hong Kong	2011

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Business Segments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Operating Results

	Three Months Ended or as of September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking
Financial Advisory		$       911	$       658		$  2,416	$  2,223
Equity underwriting		212	227		783	679
Debt underwriting		674	652		2,031	1,885
Total Underwriting		886	879		2,814	2,564
Total net revenues		1,797	1,537		5,230	4,787
Operating expenses		946	863		2,905	2,720
Pre-tax earnings		$       851	$       674		$  2,325	$  2,067
Segment assets		$    2,797	$    2,245
Institutional Client Services
FICC Client Execution		$    1,452	$    1,964		$  4,296	$  5,554
Equities client execution		584	678		1,823	1,735
Commissions and fees		681	719		2,183	2,342
Securities services		403	387		1,228	1,241
Total Equities		1,668	1,784		5,234	5,318
Total net revenues		3,120	3,748		9,530	10,872
Operating expenses		2,331	2,526		7,276	7,649
Pre-tax earnings		$       789	$    1,222		$  2,254	$  3,223
Segment assets		$694,358	$667,105
Investing & Lending
Equity securities		$    1,391	$       920		$  3,369	$  1,546
Debt securities and loans		492	478		1,554	1,050
Total net revenues		1,883	1,398		4,923	2,596
Operating expenses		855	690		2,368	1,714
Pre-tax earnings		$    1,028	$       708		$  2,555	$     882
Segment assets		$220,273	$195,774
Investment Management
Management and other fees		$    1,272	$    1,225		$  3,775	$  3,571
Incentive fees		86	114		288	197
Transaction revenues		168	146		493	415
Total net revenues		1,526	1,485		4,556	4,183
Operating expenses		1,218	1,221		3,666	3,448
Pre-tax earnings		$       308	$       264		$     890	$     735
Segment assets		$  12,704	$  14,863
Total net revenues		$    8,326	$    8,168		$24,239	$22,438
Total operating expenses		5,350	5,300		16,215	15,531
Total pre-tax earnings		$    2,976	$    2,868		$  8,024	$  6,907
Total assets		$930,132	$879,987

Net Interest Income

The table below presents the amounts of net interest income by segment included in net revenues.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking		$    –	$    –		$       –	$       –
Institutional Client Services		327	314		902	1,463
Investing & Lending		329	235		921	618
Investment Management		74	65		211	170
Total net interest income		$730	$614		$2,034	$2,251

Depreciation and Amortization

The table below presents the amounts of depreciation and amortization expense by segment included in pre-tax earnings.

	Three Months Ended September			Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017	2016		2017	2016
Investment Banking		$  34	$  32		$   100	$     95
Institutional Client Services		127	118		372	346
Investing & Lending		70	52		191	165
Investment Management		49	45		139	125
Total depreciation and amortization		$280	$247		$   802	$   731

Net Revenues and Pre-Tax Earnings for Each Geographic Region

The tables below present the total net revenues and pre-tax earnings of the firm by geographic region allocated based on the methodology referred to above, as well as the percentage of total net revenues and pre-tax earnings for each geographic region.

	Three Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016
Net revenues
Americas		$  4,870	58%	$  4,695	58%
EMEA		2,062	25%	2,079	25%
Asia		1,394	17%	1,394	17%
Total net revenues		$  8,326	100%	$  8,168	100%
Pre-tax earnings
Americas		$  1,696	57%	$  1,609	56%
EMEA		766	26%	716	25%
Asia		514	17%	543	19%
Total pre-tax earnings		$  2,976	100%	$  2,868	100%

	Nine Months Ended September
$ in millions		2017		2016
Net revenues
Americas		$14,603	60%	$13,395	60%
EMEA		6,081	25%	5,937	26%
Asia		3,555	15%	3,106	14%
Total net revenues		$24,239	100%	$22,438	100%
Pre-tax earnings
Americas		$  4,786	60%	$  4,099	59%
EMEA		2,098	26%	1,861	27%
Asia		1,140	14%	947	14%
Total pre-tax earnings		$  8,024	100%	$  6,907	100%

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Credit Concentrations (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2017

Risks and Uncertainties [Abstract]

Credit Concentration, Government and Federal Agency Obligations

The table below presents the credit concentrations in cash instruments held by the firm and included in “Financial instruments owned.”

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
U.S. government and agency obligations		$74,392	$57,657
% of total assets		8.0%	6.7%
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		$39,691	$29,381
% of total assets		4.3%	3.4%

Credit Concentration, Resale Agreements and Securities Borrowed

The table below presents U.S. government and agency obligations and non-U.S. government and agency obligations that collateralize resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions.

	As of
$ in millions		September 2017	December 2016
U.S. government and agency obligations		$73,483	$89,721
Non-U.S. government and agency obligations		$86,107	$80,234

In the table above:

• Non-U.S. government and agency obligations primarily consist of securities issued by the governments of Japan, France, the U.K. and Germany.

• Given that the firm’s primary credit exposure on such transactions is to the counterparty to the transaction, the firm would be exposed to the collateral issuer only in the event of counterparty default.

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Description of Business - Additional Information (Detail)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017 Segment
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Number of business segments	4

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Significant Accounting Policies - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 31, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Summary of Accounting and Financial Policies [Line Items]
Cash and due from banks		$ 11,660		$ 11,150
Interest-bearing deposits with banks		104,950		110,560
Cash segregated for regulatory and other purposes		17,420		14,650
Loans held for sale		3,280		2,600
Impact of adoption of accounting standard ASU No. 2016-18			$ 134
Accounting Standards Update 2015-02 [Member]
Summary of Accounting and Financial Policies [Line Items]
Impact of adoption of accounting standard ASU No. 2015-02	$ 200
Accounting Standards Update 2016-09 [Member]
Summary of Accounting and Financial Policies [Line Items]
Reduction to the provision for taxes from the impact of the RSU deliveries and option exercises in 1Q 2017		(496)
New accounting standards impact on share based award		35
New accounting standards impact on retained earnings		(24)
New accounting standards impact on deferred income taxes		$ 11
New accounting standard adoption impact on cash flows from financing activities			961
Impact of adoption of accounting standard ASU No. 2016-18			$ 97
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] | Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member]
Summary of Accounting and Financial Policies [Line Items]
Reclassification of cumulative debt valuation adjustment, net of tax, from retained earnings to accumulated other comprehensive loss	$ 305			$ 305

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Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased - Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	$ 333,474	$ 295,952
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	114,713	117,143
Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	278,798	235,815
Investments in funds at NAV	5,444	6,465
Subtotal	284,242	242,280
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Money Market Instruments [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	2,739	1,319
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	74,392	57,657
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	39,691	29,381
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	4,696	3,842
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	10,840	12,195
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	33,529	28,659
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | State and Municipal Obligations [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	1,039	1,059
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Other Debt Obligations [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	1,667	1,358
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	106,599	94,692
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Commodities [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	3,606	5,653
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	76,747	69,644
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	19,369	16,627
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	22,702	20,502
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	2
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	2	3
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	9,005	6,570
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Other Debt Obligations [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	1	1
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	25,666	25,941
Derivatives [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	49,232	53,672
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	$ 37,966	$ 47,499

XML

Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased - Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Available-for-sale Securities [Abstract]
Securities accounted for as available-for-sale	$ 2,763	$ 89

XML

Financial Instruments Owned and Financial Instruments Sold, But Not Yet Purchased - Gains and Losses from Market Making and Other Principal Transactions (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Market making	$ 2,112	$ 2,715	$ 6,445	$ 7,067
Other principal transactions	1,554	1,163	4,002	1,978
Trading Activity, Gains and Losses, Net	3,666	3,878	10,447	9,045
Interest Rates [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Market making	1,492	821	5,481	1,091
Credit [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Market making	471	440	1,397	1,688
Foreign Exchange [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Market making	(960)	544	(3,700)	1,254
Equities [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Market making	971	663	2,842	2,215
Commodities [Member]
Financial Instruments Owned and Pledged as Collateral [Line Items]
Market making	$ 138	$ 247	$ 425	$ 819

XML

Fair Value Measurements - Financial Assets Liabilities Summary (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Sep. 30, 2016
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	$ 523,222	$ 518,054	$ 497,693
Total assets	$ 930,132	$ 906,518	$ 860,165	$ 879,987
Total level 3 financial assets divided by total assets	2.20%	2.30%	2.70%
Total level 3 financial assets divided by total financial assets at fair value	4.00%	4.00%	4.70%
Total financial liabilities at fair value	$ 306,207	$ 298,789	$ 271,284
Total level 3 financial liabilities divided by total financial liabilities at fair value	6.30%	6.60%	7.90%
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	$ (55,764)	$ (79,738)	$ (87,038)
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(36,649)	(37,597)	(44,695)
Investments in funds at NAV [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	5,444	5,910	6,465
Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	160,006	163,555	135,401
Total financial liabilities at fair value	65,771	68,534	62,504
Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	392,796	407,480	419,585
Total financial liabilities at fair value	257,882	248,257	232,027
Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	20,740	20,847	23,280
Total financial liabilities at fair value	$ 19,203	$ 19,595	$ 21,448

XML

Fair Value Measurements - Financial Assets Liabilities Summary (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Billions	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Assets accounted at fair value or approximate fair value	$ 901	$ 878	$ 835

XML

Fair Value Measurements - Total Level 3 Financial Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	$ 523,222	$ 518,054	$ 497,693
Derivatives [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	104,996		140,710
Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	20,740	20,847	23,280
Level 3 [Member] | Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	16,465	16,196	18,035
Level 3 [Member] | Derivatives [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	4,274	4,650	5,190
Level 3 [Member] | Other Assets at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	$ 1	$ 1	$ 55

XML

Cash Instruments - Cash Instruments by Level (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	$ 333,474	$ 295,952
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(114,713)	(117,143)
Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	278,798	235,815
Investments in funds measured at NAV	5,444	6,465
Total cash instrument assets	284,242	242,280
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	159,993	135,366
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	102,340	82,414
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	16,465	18,035
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Money Market Instruments [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	2,739	1,319
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Money Market Instruments [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	376	188
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Money Market Instruments [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	2,362	1,131
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Money Market Instruments [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	1
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	74,392	57,657
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	41,532	35,254
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	32,860	22,403
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	39,691	29,381
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	30,639	22,433
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	9,049	6,933
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	3	15
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	4,696	3,842
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	3,252	2,197
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	1,444	1,645
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	10,840	12,195
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	10,066	11,350
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	774	845
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	33,529	28,659
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	699	215
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	29,263	23,804
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	3,567	4,640
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | State and Municipal Obligations [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	1,039	1,059
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | State and Municipal Obligations [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	956	960
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | State and Municipal Obligations [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	83	99
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Other Debt Obligations [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	1,667	1,358
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Other Debt Obligations [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	1,279	830
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Other Debt Obligations [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	388	528
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	106,599	94,692
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	86,747	77,276
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	9,647	7,153
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	10,205	10,263
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Commodities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	3,606	5,653
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Commodities [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned	3,606	5,653
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(76,747)	(69,644)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(65,735)	(61,522)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(10,953)	(8,060)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(59)	(62)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(19,369)	(16,627)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(19,298)	(16,615)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(71)	(12)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(22,702)	(20,502)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(20,786)	(19,137)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(1,916)	(1,364)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		(1)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(2)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(2)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(2)	(3)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(2)	(3)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(9,005)	(6,570)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(1)	(2)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(8,961)	(6,524)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(43)	(44)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Other Debt Obligations [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(1)	(1)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Other Debt Obligations [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(1)	(1)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(25,666)	(25,941)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(25,650)	(25,768)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased		(156)
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member] | Equity Securities [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	$ (16)	$ (17)

XML

Cash Instruments - Cash Instruments by Level (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, at fair value	$ 333,474	$ 295,952
Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, at fair value	278,798	235,815
Level 2 [Member] | Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, at fair value	102,340	82,414
Level 2 [Member] | Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | CDOs and CLOs Backed by Real Estate and Corporate Obligations [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, at fair value	611	461
Level 3 [Member] | Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, at fair value	16,465	18,035
Level 3 [Member] | Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | CDOs and CLOs Backed by Real Estate and Corporate Obligations [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Financial instruments owned, at fair value	$ 406	$ 624

XML

Cash Instruments - Fair Value, Cash Instruments, Measurement Inputs, Disclosure (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jun. 30, 2017
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	$ 523,222	$ 497,693	$ 518,054
Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	4.50%	3.70%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery Rate	15.00%	8.90%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	9 months 18 days	9 months 18 days
Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	22.00%	23.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery Rate	79.40%	99.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	6 years 8 months 12 days	6 years 2 months 12 days
Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	12.40%	13.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery Rate	46.00%	60.60%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	2 years 1 month 6 days	2 years 1 month 6 days
Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	1.80%	0.80%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Cumulative Loss Rate	10.60%	8.90%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	1 year	1 year 1 month 6 days
Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	13.50%	15.60%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Cumulative Loss Rate	43.40%	47.10%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	17 years	16 years 1 month 6 days
Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	7.80%	8.70%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Cumulative Loss Rate	21.20%	24.20%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	7 years 9 months 18 days	7 years 3 months 18 days
Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	3.80%	2.50%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery Rate	0.00%	0.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	1 year	7 months 6 days
Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	24.50%	25.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery Rate	94.70%	85.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	7 years 3 months 19 days	15 years 8 months 12 days
Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	11.70%	10.30%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery Rate	59.80%	56.50%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	3 years 2 months 12 days	2 years 10 months 24 days
Equity Securities [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Multiples	0.8	0.8
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Discount Rate/Yield	2.60%	6.50%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Capitalization Rates	4.30%	4.20%
Equity Securities [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Multiples	17.3	19.7
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Discount Rate/Yield	25.00%	25.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Capitalization Rates	11.50%	12.50%
Equity Securities [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Multiples	7.4	6.8
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Discount Rate/Yield	14.50%	16.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Capitalization Rates	6.30%	6.80%
Other Cash Instruments [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	3.50%	1.90%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery Rate		0.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	1 year 4 months 24 days	10 months 24 days
Other Cash Instruments [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	17.30%	14.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery Rate		93.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	11 years 8 months 12 days	12 years
Other Cash Instruments [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield	8.60%	8.80%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery Rate		61.40%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration	4 years 7 months 6 days	4 years 3 months 18 days
Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	$ 20,740	$ 23,280	$ 20,847
Level 3 [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	1,444	1,645
Level 3 [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	774	845
Level 3 [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	3,567	4,640
Level 3 [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	10,205	10,263
Level 3 [Member] | Other Cash Instruments [Member]
Fair Value Inputs, Assets, Quantitative Information [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	$ 475	$ 642

XML

Cash Instruments - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Transfers of cash instruments from level 1 to level 2	$ 55	$ 143	$ 146	$ 88
Transfers of cash instruments from level 2 to level 1	23	200	146	203
Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Net gains / (losses) on assets	441	655	1,500	861
Net realized gains / (losses) on assets	109	194	349	503
Net unrealized gains / (losses) on assets relating to instruments still held at the reporting date	332	461	1,146	358
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Market making [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Net gains / (losses) on assets	(44)	(65)	(77)	(394)
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Other Principal Transactions [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Net gains / (losses) on assets	360	487	1,210	557
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Interest Income [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Net gains / (losses) on assets	$ 125	$ 233	$ 365	$ 698

XML

Cash Instruments - Cash Instruments, Level 3 Rollforward (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Beginning Balance	$ 16,196	$ 18,131	$ 18,035	$ 18,131
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	109	194	349	503
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	332	461	1,146	358
Purchases	524	519	1,381	2,941
Sales	(736)	(703)	(1,775)	(2,002)
Settlements	(581)	(1,081)	(1,651)	(2,922)
Transfers Into Level 3	1,287	1,327	2,307	2,696
Transfers Out Of Level 3	(666)	(707)	(3,327)	(1,564)
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Ending Balance	16,465	18,141	16,465	18,141
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member]
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Beginning Balance	1,400	2,112	1,645	1,924
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	8	12	37	58
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	29	59	168	14
Purchases	56	46	178	491
Sales	(84)	(97)	(165)	(292)
Settlements	(58)	(144)	(358)	(459)
Transfers Into Level 3	156	119	222	516
Transfers Out Of Level 3	(63)	(116)	(283)	(261)
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Ending Balance	1,444	1,991	1,444	1,991
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Loans and Securities Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member]
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Beginning Balance	807	1,300	845	1,765
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	10	15	34	38
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	17	(5)	87	45
Purchases	34	76	142	297
Sales	(56)	(123)	(220)	(780)
Settlements	(44)	(85)	(95)	(233)
Transfers Into Level 3	30	95	20	120
Transfers Out Of Level 3	(24)	(278)	(39)	(257)
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Ending Balance	774	995	774	995
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Corporate Loans And Debt Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Beginning Balance	3,645	5,333	4,640	5,242
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	45	107	151	244
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	(7)	107	33	64
Purchases	178	278	568	953
Sales	(265)	(322)	(795)	(477)
Settlements	(259)	(647)	(653)	(1,553)
Transfers Into Level 3	567	343	1,023	949
Transfers Out Of Level 3	(337)	(137)	(1,400)	(360)
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Ending Balance	3,567	5,062	3,567	5,062
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Beginning Balance	9,833	8,705	10,263	8,549
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	42	52	111	138
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	289	291	846	252
Purchases	219	96	401	957
Sales	(319)	(137)	(548)	(301)
Settlements	(161)	(165)	(399)	(555)
Transfers Into Level 3	530	704	1,030	1,008
Transfers Out Of Level 3	(228)	(169)	(1,499)	(671)
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Ending Balance	10,205	9,377	10,205	9,377
Cash Instruments Assets [Member] | Other Cash Instruments [Member]
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Beginning Balance	511	681	642	651
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	4	8	16	25
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	4	9	12	(17)
Purchases	37	23	92	243
Sales	(12)	(24)	(47)	(152)
Settlements	(59)	(40)	(146)	(122)
Transfers Into Level 3	4	66	12	103
Transfers Out Of Level 3	(14)	(7)	(106)	(15)
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Ending Balance	475	716	475	716
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Beginning Balance	(42)	(123)	(62)	(193)
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	(2)	25	(7)	27
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	5	18	(10)	32
Purchases	34	51	67	88
Sales	(34)	(38)	(35)	(61)
Settlements		1		(6)
Transfers Into Level 3	(28)	(26)	(17)	(9)
Transfers Out Of Level 3	8		5	30
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Ending Balance	$ (59)	$ (92)	$ (59)	$ (92)

XML

Cash Instruments - Securities Accounted for As Available-for-Sale Included in Cash Instruments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 2,769	$ 89
Fair Value	$ 2,763	$ 89
Weighted Average Yield	2.07%	2.32%
U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 2,524	$ 24
Fair Value	$ 2,517	$ 24
Weighted Average Yield	1.84%	0.43%
Other Available-for-sale Securities [Member]
Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Line Items]
Amortized Cost	$ 245	$ 65
Fair Value	$ 246	$ 65
Weighted Average Yield	4.46%	3.03%

XML

Cash Instruments - Investments in Funds that are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities That Are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value of Investments	$ 5,444	$ 6,465
Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities That Are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Unfunded Commitments	1,399	1,831
Private Equity Funds [Member] | Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities That Are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value of Investments	3,944	4,628
Private Equity Funds [Member] | Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities That Are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Unfunded Commitments	628	1,393
Credit Funds [Member] | Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities That Are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value of Investments	305	421
Credit Funds [Member] | Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities That Are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Unfunded Commitments	498	166
Hedge Funds [Member] | Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities That Are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value of Investments	254	410
Real Estate Funds [Member] | Cash Instruments Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities That Are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Fair Value of Investments	941	1,006
Real Estate Funds [Member] | Cash Instruments Liabilities [Member]
Fair Value, Investments, Entities That Are Calculated Using Net Asset Value Per Share [Line Items]
Unfunded Commitments	$ 273	$ 272

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Fair Value of Derivatives on a Gross Basis (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	$ 475,353	$ 706,239
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	444,972	657,723
Derivative Assets	49,232	53,672
Derivative Liabilities	37,966	47,499
Cash collateral received	(612)	(535)
Cash collateral posted	(2,173)	(2,085)
Securities collateral received	(14,192)	(15,518)
Securities collateral posted	(8,757)	(10,224)
Total	34,428	37,619
Total	27,036	35,190
Notional amount	53,463,846	41,375,552
Counterparty Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Offset amounts	(371,323)	(567,238)
Offset amounts	(371,323)	(567,238)
Cash Collateral Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Offset amounts	(54,798)	(85,329)
Offset amounts	(35,683)	(42,986)
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Offset amounts	(426,121)	(652,567)
Offset amounts	(407,006)	(610,224)
Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	472,494	697,627
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	444,833	657,453
Notional amount	53,377,004	41,273,370
Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	279,094	498,951
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	252,713	458,819
Notional amount	41,452,365	32,203,119
Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	24,076	26,367
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	22,283	23,581
Notional amount	1,397,714	1,424,345
Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	102,299	111,864
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	97,601	107,292
Notional amount	8,009,488	5,653,347
Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	12,314	12,353
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	14,338	13,871
Notional amount	534,377	428,112
Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	54,711	48,092
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	57,898	53,890
Notional amount	1,983,060	1,564,447
Derivative Contracts Accounted for as Hedges [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	2,859	8,612
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	139	270
Notional amount	86,842	102,182
Derivative Contracts Accounted for as Hedges [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	2,835	8,527
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	7	166
Notional amount	76,729	91,935
Derivative Contracts Accounted for as Hedges [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	24	85
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	132	104
Notional amount	10,113	10,247
Exchange-Traded [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	3,190	2,547
Derivative Liabilities	1,794	2,082
Exchange-Traded [Member] | Counterparty Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Offset amounts	(12,959)	(9,727)
Offset amounts	(12,959)	(9,727)
Exchange-Traded [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	566	443
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	801	382
Notional amount	9,804,797	4,425,532
Exchange-Traded [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	38	36
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	49	176
Notional amount	18,830	13,800
Exchange-Traded [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	4,371	3,219
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	4,247	3,187
Notional amount	281,291	227,707
Exchange-Traded [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	11,174	8,576
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	9,656	8,064
Notional amount	772,320	605,335
OTC-Cleared [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	278	246
Derivative Liabilities	59	144
OTC-Cleared [Member] | Counterparty Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Offset amounts	(9,429)	(171,864)
Offset amounts	(9,429)	(171,864)
OTC-Cleared [Member] | Cash Collateral Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Offset amounts	(2,590)	(27,560)
Offset amounts	(200)	(2,940)
OTC-Cleared [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	5,273	189,471
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	2,910	168,946
Notional amount	17,244,593	16,646,145
OTC-Cleared [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	5,934	4,837
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	5,774	4,811
Notional amount	423,723	378,432
OTC-Cleared [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	859	796
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	780	798
Notional amount	107,411	62,799
OTC-Cleared [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	213	189
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	191	197
Notional amount	4,066	3,506
OTC-Cleared [Member] | Derivative Contracts Accounted for as Hedges [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	10	4,347
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts		156
Notional amount	57,075	55,328
OTC-Cleared [Member] | Derivative Contracts Accounted for as Hedges [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	8	30
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	33	40
Notional amount	1,858	1,703
Bilateral OTC [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	45,764	50,879
Derivative Liabilities	36,113	45,273
Bilateral OTC [Member] | Counterparty Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Offset amounts	(348,935)	(385,647)
Offset amounts	(348,935)	(385,647)
Bilateral OTC [Member] | Cash Collateral Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Offset amounts	(52,208)	(57,769)
Offset amounts	(35,483)	(40,046)
Bilateral OTC [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	273,255	309,037
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	249,002	289,491
Notional amount	14,402,975	11,131,442
Bilateral OTC [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	18,142	21,530
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	16,509	18,770
Notional amount	973,991	1,045,913
Bilateral OTC [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	101,402	111,032
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	96,772	106,318
Notional amount	7,883,247	5,576,748
Bilateral OTC [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	7,730	8,945
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	9,900	10,487
Notional amount	249,020	196,899
Bilateral OTC [Member] | Derivative Contract not Designated as Hedges [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	43,537	39,516
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	48,242	45,826
Notional amount	1,210,740	959,112
Bilateral OTC [Member] | Derivative Contracts Accounted for as Hedges [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	2,825	4,180
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	7	10
Notional amount	19,654	36,607
Bilateral OTC [Member] | Derivative Contracts Accounted for as Hedges [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts	16	55
Total Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts	99	64
Notional amount	$ 8,255	$ 8,544

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended			9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Mar. 31, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Gross Fair Value of Derivative Asset Contracts Not Enforceable	$ 14,350			$ 14,350		$ 19,920
Gross Fair Value of Derivative Liability Contracts Not Enforceable	14,910			14,910		20,790
Impact of reflecting transactions with clearing organization as settled as of December 2016 in gross interest rate and credit derivative assets		$ (189,080)
Impact of reflecting transactions with clearing organization as settled as of December 2016 in gross interest rate and credit derivative liabilities		$ (166,040)
Net Gains / (Losses) on Derivative assets and liabilities	(12)		$ (154)	(226)	$ 510
Net Realized Gains / (Losses) on Derivative assets and liabilities	(24)		17	(82)	(110)
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses) on Derivative assets and liabilities	12		(171)	(144)	620
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	670,137			670,137		690,466
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	727,590			727,590		733,980
Net purchased protection notional value of credit derivatives	57,450			57,450		43,510
Net Gain/(Loss), Including Hedges, Attributable to the Impact of Changes in Credit Exposure and Credit Spreads on Derivative Contracts	32		44	51	155
Net gain/(loss) reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income				39
Loss on the related net investments in non-U.S.operations				(184)
Foreign Currency Denominated Debt Designated As Foreign Currency Hedge	2,040			2,040		$ 1,690
Net Investment Hedging [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Net gain reclassified to earnings from accumulated other comprehensive income				223
Market making [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Net Gains / (Losses) on Derivative assets and liabilities	63		(16)	28	686
Other Principal Transactions [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Net Gains / (Losses) on Derivative assets and liabilities	$ (75)		$ (138)	$ (254)	$ (176)

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Fair Value of Derivatives by Level (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	$ 523,222	$ 518,054	$ 497,693
Fair value included in financial instruments owned	333,474		295,952
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(306,207)	(298,789)	(271,284)
Fair value included in financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(114,713)		(117,143)
Level 1 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	160,006	163,555	135,401
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(65,771)	(68,534)	(62,504)
Level 2 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	392,796	407,480	419,585
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(257,882)	(248,257)	(232,027)
Level 3 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	20,740	20,847	23,280
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(19,203)	(19,595)	(21,448)
Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	104,996		140,710
Fair value included in financial instruments owned	49,232		53,672
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(74,615)		(92,194)
Fair value included in financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	(37,966)		(47,499)
Derivatives [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	281,929		507,478
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(252,720)		(458,985)
Derivatives [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	24,076		26,367
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(22,283)		(23,581)
Derivatives [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	102,323		111,949
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(97,733)		(107,396)
Derivatives [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	12,314		12,353
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(14,338)		(13,871)
Derivatives [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	54,711		48,092
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(57,898)		(53,890)
Derivatives [Member] | Gross Fair Value Of Derivative [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	475,353		706,239
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(444,972)		(657,723)
Derivatives [Member] | Counterparty Netting in Levels [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	(370,357)		(565,529)
Total financial liabilities at fair value	370,357		565,529
Derivatives [Member] | Cross Level Counterparty Netting Adjustment [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	(966)		(1,709)
Total financial liabilities at fair value	966		1,709
Derivatives [Member] | Cash Collateral Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Cash collateral netting	(54,798)		(85,329)
Cash collateral netting	35,683		42,986
Derivatives [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	13		35
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(36)		(982)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 1 [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	4		46
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(8)		(27)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 1 [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	9		1
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(28)		(967)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 1 [Member] | Gross Fair Value Of Derivative [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	13		47
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(36)		(994)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 1 [Member] | Counterparty Netting in Levels [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value			(12)
Total financial liabilities at fair value			12
Derivatives [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	100,709		135,485
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(70,188)		(84,805)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	281,349		506,818
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(251,809)		(457,963)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	20,258		21,388
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(20,226)		(21,106)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	102,146		111,762
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(97,520)		(107,212)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	11,943		11,950
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(14,033)		(13,541)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	54,352		47,667
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(55,939)		(49,083)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Gross Fair Value Of Derivative [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	470,048		699,585
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(439,527)		(648,905)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Counterparty Netting in Levels [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	(369,339)		(564,100)
Total financial liabilities at fair value	369,339		564,100
Derivatives [Member] | Level 3 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	4,274	$ 4,650	5,190
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(4,391)		(6,407)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 3 [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	576		614
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(903)		(995)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 3 [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	3,818		4,979
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(2,057)		(2,475)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 3 [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	177		187
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(213)		(184)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 3 [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	371		403
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(305)		(330)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 3 [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	350		424
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(1,931)		(3,840)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 3 [Member] | Gross Fair Value Of Derivative [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	5,292		6,607
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(5,409)		(7,824)
Derivatives [Member] | Level 3 [Member] | Counterparty Netting in Levels [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Total financial assets at fair value	(1,018)		(1,417)
Total financial liabilities at fair value	$ 1,018		$ 1,417

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Fair Value, Derivatives, Measurement Inputs, Disclosure (Detail) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($) $ / Bbls $ / MMBTU	Dec. 31, 2016 USD ($) $ / Bbls $ / MMBTU	Jun. 30, 2017 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2016 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2015 USD ($)
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	$ (117)	$ (1,217)	$ 960	$ 2,292	$ 2,430	$ 495
Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	$ (327)	$ (381)	(319)	54	56	(398)
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Average Correlation	56.00%	56.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Median Correlation	60.00%	60.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Average Volatility	0.84%	0.84%
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Median Volatility	0.57%	0.57%
Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	$ 1,761	$ 2,504	1,999	2,911	2,942	2,793
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Average Correlation	59.00%	65.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Median Correlation	59.00%	68.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Average Credit spreads	0.89%	1.22%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Median Credit spreads	0.50%	0.73%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Average Upfront Credit Points	0.41%	0.43%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Median Upfront Credit Points	0.36%	0.35%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Average Recovery rates	64.00%	58.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Median Recovery rates	70.00%	70.00%
Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	$ (36)	$ 3	25	32	17	(34)
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Average Correlation	49.00%	50.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Median Correlation	46.00%	55.00%
Commodity Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	$ 66	$ 73	118	(2)	(222)	(262)
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Average Volatility	27.00%	33.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Median Volatility	27.00%	33.00%
Commodity Contract [Member] | Natural Gas [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Average Spread | $ / MMBTU	(0.22)	(0.14)
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Median Spread | $ / MMBTU	(0.12)	(0.05)
Commodity Contract [Member] | Oil [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Average Spread | $ / Bbls	4.67	25.30
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Median Spread | $ / Bbls	(1.54)	16.43
Equity Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	$ (1,581)	$ (3,416)	$ (863)	$ (703)	$ (363)	$ (1,604)
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Average Correlation	51.00%	41.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Median Correlation	48.00%	41.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Average Volatility	24.00%	24.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Median Volatility	22.00%	23.00%
Minimum [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Correlation	(10.00%)	(10.00%)
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Volatility	0.31%	0.31%
Minimum [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Correlation	35.00%	35.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Credit spreads	0.01%	0.01%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Upfront Credit Points	0.00%	0.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery rates	22.00%	1.00%
Minimum [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Correlation	25.00%	25.00%
Minimum [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Volatility	9.00%	13.00%
Minimum [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member] | Natural Gas [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Spread | $ / MMBTU	(2.24)	(1.81)
Minimum [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member] | Oil [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Spread | $ / Bbls	(7.10)	(19.72)
Minimum [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Correlation	(35.00%)	(39.00%)
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Volatility	3.00%	5.00%
Maximum [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Correlation	86.00%	86.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Volatility	1.51%	1.51%
Maximum [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Correlation	91.00%	91.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Credit spreads	6.37%	9.93%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Upfront Credit Points	0.95%	1.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Recovery rates	97.00%	97.00%
Maximum [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Correlation	72.00%	70.00%
Maximum [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Volatility	65.00%	68.00%
Maximum [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member] | Natural Gas [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Spread | $ / MMBTU	2.84	4.33
Maximum [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member] | Oil [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Spread | $ / Bbls	60.00	64.92
Maximum [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Fair Value Measurement Inputs Disclosure [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Correlation	94.00%	88.00%
Fair Value Unobservable Input, Volatility	87.00%	72.00%

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Fair Value of Derivatives, Level 3 Rollforward (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Beginning Balance	$ 960	$ 2,430	$ (1,217)	$ 495
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	(24)	17	(82)	(110)
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	12	(171)	(144)	620
Purchases	48	43	146	191
Sales	(786)	(38)	(935)	(279)
Settlements	(299)	(194)	2,163	622
Transfers Into Level 3	(34)	119	(6)	500
Transfers Out Of Level 3	6	86	(42)	253
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	(117)	2,292	(117)	2,292
Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Beginning Balance	(319)	56	(381)	(398)
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	(34)	(23)	(77)	(43)
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	38	(48)	68	129
Purchases	1		5	3
Sales	(4)	(2)	(12)	(5)
Settlements	5	61	78	95
Transfers Into Level 3		9	(11)	304
Transfers Out Of Level 3	(14)	1	3	(31)
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	(327)	54	(327)	54
Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Beginning Balance	1,999	2,942	2,504	2,793
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	23	7	52	(50)
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	54	(31)	(149)	359
Purchases	15	12	30	68
Sales	(27)	(6)	(40)	(38)
Settlements	(356)	(110)	(607)	(393)
Transfers Into Level 3	8	101	45	191
Transfers Out Of Level 3	45	(4)	(74)	(19)
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	1,761	2,911	1,761	2,911
Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Beginning Balance	25	17	3	(34)
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	(9)	(12)	(30)	(39)
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	(52)	(14)	(87)	2
Purchases	1	1	3	15
Sales				(4)
Settlements	26	39	88	84
Transfers Into Level 3	3		11	1
Transfers Out Of Level 3	(30)	1	(24)	7
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	(36)	32	(36)	32
Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Beginning Balance	118	(222)	73	(262)
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)	(4)	(2)	23	22
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	80	(25)	135	34
Purchases	3	1	19	27
Sales	(58)	(4)	(120)	(118)
Settlements	(1)	34	(42)	12
Transfers Into Level 3	(47)	6	(40)	10
Transfers Out Of Level 3	(25)	210	18	273
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	66	(2)	66	(2)
Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Beginning Balance	(863)	(363)	(3,416)	(1,604)
Net Realized Gains / (Losses)		47	(50)
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	(108)	(53)	(111)	96
Purchases	28	29	89	78
Sales	(697)	(26)	(763)	(114)
Settlements	27	(218)	2,646	824
Transfers Into Level 3	2	3	(11)	(6)
Transfers Out Of Level 3	30	(122)	35	23
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Derivative Contracts Net Value, Ending Balance	$ (1,581)	$ (703)	$ (1,581)	$ (703)

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - OTC Derivatives by Product Type and Tenor (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	$ 49,232	$ 53,672
Derivative Liabilities	37,966	47,499
OTC [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	118,618	153,850
Derivative Liabilities	89,633	105,799
OTC [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	75,838	103,728
Derivative Liabilities	46,395	55,305
OTC [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	8,811	9,347
Derivative Liabilities	7,017	6,555
OTC [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	29,264	35,064
Derivative Liabilities	24,664	30,370
OTC [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	4,435	4,867
Derivative Liabilities	6,583	6,416
OTC [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	11,524	13,731
Derivative Liabilities	16,228	20,040
OTC [Member] | Counterparty Netting in Tenors [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	(11,254)	(12,887)
Derivative Liabilities	(11,254)	(12,887)
OTC [Member] | Cross Tenor Counterparty Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	(17,778)	(17,396)
Derivative Liabilities	(17,778)	(17,396)
OTC [Member] | Cash Collateral Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Cash collateral netting	(54,798)	(85,329)
Cash collateral netting	(35,683)	(42,986)
OTC [Member] | Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	46,042	51,125
Derivative Liabilities	36,172	45,417
Less than 1 Year [Member] | OTC [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	22,663	28,823
Derivative Liabilities	26,740	28,462
Less than 1 Year [Member] | OTC [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	4,086	5,845
Derivative Liabilities	5,347	5,679
Less than 1 Year [Member] | OTC [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	1,309	1,763
Derivative Liabilities	2,020	2,060
Less than 1 Year [Member] | OTC [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	14,652	18,344
Derivative Liabilities	13,124	14,720
Less than 1 Year [Member] | OTC [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	2,648	3,273
Derivative Liabilities	2,340	2,546
Less than 1 Year [Member] | OTC [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	3,394	3,141
Derivative Liabilities	7,335	7,000
Less than 1 Year [Member] | OTC [Member] | Counterparty Netting in Tenors [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	(3,426)	(3,543)
Derivative Liabilities	(3,426)	(3,543)
1 - 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	29,509	34,477
Derivative Liabilities	22,625	30,344
1 - 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	16,288	18,376
Derivative Liabilities	9,276	10,814
1 - 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	3,554	2,695
Derivative Liabilities	3,650	3,328
1 - 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	6,158	8,292
Derivative Liabilities	6,998	9,771
1 - 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	1,596	1,415
Derivative Liabilities	1,767	1,555
1 - 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	6,659	9,249
Derivative Liabilities	5,680	10,426
1 - 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Counterparty Netting in Tenors [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	(4,746)	(5,550)
Derivative Liabilities	(4,746)	(5,550)
Greater than 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	66,446	90,550
Derivative Liabilities	40,268	46,993
Greater than 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Interest Rate Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	55,464	79,507
Derivative Liabilities	31,772	38,812
Greater than 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Credit Risk Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	3,948	4,889
Derivative Liabilities	1,347	1,167
Greater than 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	8,454	8,428
Derivative Liabilities	4,542	5,879
Greater than 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Commodity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	191	179
Derivative Liabilities	2,476	2,315
Greater than 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Equity Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	1,471	1,341
Derivative Liabilities	3,213	2,614
Greater than 5 Years [Member] | OTC [Member] | Counterparty Netting in Tenors [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Assets	(3,082)	(3,794)
Derivative Liabilities	$ (3,082)	$ (3,794)

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Credit Derivatives (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	$ 670,137	$ 690,466
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	727,590	733,980
Offsetting Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	577,031	604,212
Other Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	150,560	129,765
Less than 1 Year [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	221,057	223,191
1 - 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	353,715	409,092
Greater than 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	95,365	58,183
Written Credit Derivative [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value Asset of Written Credit Derivatives	15,644	14,757
Fair Value Liability of Written Credit Derivatives	7,246	9,833
Fair Value Net Asset/(Liability) of Written Credit Derivatives	8,398	4,924
0 - 250 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	622,166	635,912
0 - 250 [Member] | Offsetting Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	537,389	558,305
0 - 250 [Member] | Other Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	136,997	119,509
0 - 250 [Member] | Less than 1 Year [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	208,398	207,727
0 - 250 [Member] | 1 - 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	327,617	375,208
0 - 250 [Member] | Greater than 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	86,151	52,977
0 - 250 [Member] | Written Credit Derivative [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value Asset of Written Credit Derivatives	14,519	13,919
Fair Value Liability of Written Credit Derivatives	1,614	2,436
Fair Value Net Asset/(Liability) of Written Credit Derivatives	12,905	11,483
251 - 500 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	22,824	27,002
251 - 500 [Member] | Offsetting Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	17,554	20,588
251 - 500 [Member] | Other Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	9,672	7,712
251 - 500 [Member] | Less than 1 Year [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	6,880	5,819
251 - 500 [Member] | 1 - 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	10,426	17,255
251 - 500 [Member] | Greater than 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	5,518	3,928
251 - 500 [Member] | Written Credit Derivative [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value Asset of Written Credit Derivatives	732	606
Fair Value Liability of Written Credit Derivatives	452	902
Fair Value Net Asset/(Liability) of Written Credit Derivatives	280	(296)
501 - 1000 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	11,020	10,704
501 - 1000 [Member] | Offsetting Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	9,831	10,133
501 - 1000 [Member] | Other Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	2,024	1,098
501 - 1000 [Member] | Less than 1 Year [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	731	1,016
501 - 1000 [Member] | 1 - 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	7,711	8,643
501 - 1000 [Member] | Greater than 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	2,578	1,045
501 - 1000 [Member] | Written Credit Derivative [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value Asset of Written Credit Derivatives	229	187
Fair Value Liability of Written Credit Derivatives	810	809
Fair Value Net Asset/(Liability) of Written Credit Derivatives	(581)	(622)
Greater than 1000 [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	14,127	16,848
Greater than 1000 [Member] | Offsetting Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	12,257	15,186
Greater than 1000 [Member] | Other Purchased Credit Derivatives [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Purchased Credit Derivatives	1,867	1,446
Greater than 1000 [Member] | Less than 1 Year [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	5,048	8,629
Greater than 1000 [Member] | 1 - 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	7,961	7,986
Greater than 1000 [Member] | Greater than 5 Years [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount of Written Credit Derivative	1,118	233
Greater than 1000 [Member] | Written Credit Derivative [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Fair Value Asset of Written Credit Derivatives	164	45
Fair Value Liability of Written Credit Derivatives	4,370	5,686
Fair Value Net Asset/(Liability) of Written Credit Derivatives	$ (4,206)	$ (5,641)

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Bifurcated Embedded Derivatives (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Embedded Derivative, Fair Value of Embedded Derivative Asset	$ 893	$ 676
Embedded Derivative, Fair Value of Embedded Derivative Liability	1,053	864
Embedded Derivative, Fair Value of Embedded Derivative, Net Liability	160	188
Notional amount	53,463,846	41,375,552
Embedded Derivatives Classified In Debt [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amount	$ 9,717	$ 8,726

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Derivatives with Credit-Related Contingent Features (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Aggregate fair value of derivative contracts which are in net liability position	$ 27,290	$ 32,927
Aggregate fair value of assets as a collateral for derivative contracts	23,416	27,840
One-Notch Reduction [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Additional collateral or termination payments pursuant to bilateral agreements with certain counterparties which could have been called by counterparties in the event of a reduction in the firm's long-term credit ratings	272	677
Two-Notch Reduction [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Additional collateral or termination payments pursuant to bilateral agreements with certain counterparties which could have been called by counterparties in the event of a reduction in the firm's long-term credit ratings	$ 1,374	$ 2,216

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Gain (Loss) from Interest Rate Hedges and Related Hedged Borrowings and Deposits (Detail) - Interest Rate Contract [Member] - Fair Value Hedging [Member] - Derivative Contracts Accounted for as Hedges [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Recognized in Income, Net	$ (518)	$ (984)	$ (1,944)	$ 1,865
Gain (Loss) Recognized On Hedged Borrowings and Deposits	379	823	1,433	(2,169)
Derivative, Net Hedge Ineffectiveness Gain (Loss)	$ (139)	$ (161)	$ (511)	$ (304)

XML

Derivatives and Hedging Activities - Gains and Losses on Net Investment Hedges (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Derivative [Line Items]
Gain (Loss) Recognized On Foreign Currency Denominated Debt Designated As Foreign Currency Hedge	$ (2)	$ (47)	$ (70)	$ (408)
Foreign Exchange Contract [Member] | Net Investment Hedging [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative Instruments, Gain (Loss) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income, Effective Portion, Net	$ (192)	$ (74)	$ (770)	$ (382)

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Fair Value Option - Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities by Level (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	$ 112,108	$ 116,077
Securities borrowed	74,121	82,398
Receivables from customers and counterparties	3,519	3,266
Total financial assets at fair value	189,748	201,741
Deposits	(23,752)	(13,782)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	(86,424)	(71,816)
Securities loaned	(5,038)	(2,647)
Other secured financings	(22,303)	(21,073)
Unsecured borrowings Short-term	(17,755)	(14,792)
Unsecured borrowings Long-term	(35,961)	(29,410)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	(261)	(621)
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(191,494)	(154,141)
Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Securities purchased under agreements to resell	112,108	116,077
Securities borrowed	74,121	82,398
Receivables from customers and counterparties	3,518	3,211
Total financial assets at fair value	189,747	201,686
Deposits	(20,960)	(10,609)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	(86,380)	(71,750)
Securities loaned	(5,038)	(2,647)
Other secured financings	(21,850)	(20,516)
Unsecured borrowings Short-term	(13,880)	(10,896)
Unsecured borrowings Long-term	(28,425)	(22,185)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	(208)	(559)
Total financial liabilities at fair value	(176,741)	(139,162)
Level 3 [Member]
Fair Value, Balance Sheet Grouping, Financial Statement Captions [Line Items]
Receivables from customers and counterparties	1	55
Total financial assets at fair value	1	55
Deposits	(2,792)	(3,173)
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	(44)	(66)
Other secured financings	(453)	(557)
Unsecured borrowings Short-term	(3,875)	(3,896)
Unsecured borrowings Long-term	(7,536)	(7,225)
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	(53)	(62)
Total financial liabilities at fair value	$ (14,753)	$ (14,979)

XML

Fair Value Option - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value [Line Items]
Fair value of unfunded commitments for which the fair value option was elected	$ 29		$ 29		$ 80
Total contractual amount of unfunded commitments for which the fair value option was elected	7,030		7,030		7,190
Net Gains (Losses) Attributable to the Impact of Changes in Instrument-Specific Credit Spreads on Loans and Lending Commitments For Which the Fair Value Option Was Elected	75	$ 157	249	$ 270
Long-term Other Secured Financings At Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Difference between aggregate contractual principal amount of long-term debt instruments for which the fair value option was elected and related fair value					361
Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Difference between aggregate contractual principal amount of long-term debt instruments for which the fair value option was elected and related fair value	1,380		$ 1,380		$ 1,560
Minimum [Member] | Other Secured Financings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield			0.50%		0.40%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration			3 months 19 days		1 month 6 days
Maximum [Member] | Other Secured Financings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield			10.00%		16.60%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration			11 years 3 months 19 days		5 years 8 months 12 days
Weighted Average [Member] | Other Secured Financings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Yield			3.10%		3.50%
Fair Value Unobservable Inputs, Duration			2 years 4 months 24 days		2 years 3 months 18 days
Other Financial Liabilities [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Gains/(Losses) on liabilities	(328)	(329)	$ (1,030)	(411)
Realized Gains/(Losses) on liabilities	(79)	(23)	(212)	(76)
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	(249)	(306)	(821)	(335)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Debt Valuation Adjustment [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measured on Recurring Basis, Gains/(Losses) Included in condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income	(20)	(7)	(106)	(40)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Market making [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measured on Recurring Basis, Gains/(Losses) Included in condensed consolidated statements of earnings	(305)	(302)	(893)	(332)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Other Principal Transactions [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measured on Recurring Basis, Gains/(Losses) Included in condensed consolidated statements of earnings	(1)	(18)	(23)	(32)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Interest Expense [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measured on Recurring Basis, Gains/(Losses) Included in condensed consolidated statements of earnings	(2)	(2)	(11)	(7)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Other Secured Financings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	(4)	(9)	(26)	(33)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value [Line Items]
Net Unrealized Gains / (Losses)	$ (113)	$ (88)	$ (437)	$ 21

XML

Fair Value Option - Level 3 Rollforward (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Other Financial Assets [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Beginning Balance	$ 1	$ 48	$ 55	$ 45
Net realized gains/(losses)		1		2
Net unrealized gains/(losses)		1	(3)	1
Purchases		6	1	10
Settlements		(1)	(52)	(3)
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value, Ending Balance	1	55	1	55
Other Financial Liabilities [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Beginning Balance	(15,863)	(15,089)	(14,979)	(11,244)
Net realized gains/(losses)	(79)	(23)	(212)	(76)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)	(249)	(306)	(821)	(335)
Purchases		(3)	(3)	(10)
Sales				6
Issuances	(2,352)	(2,150)	(6,479)	(8,996)
Settlements	1,873	1,787	5,111	5,192
Transfers Into Level 3	(119)	(230)	(631)	(803)
Transfers Out Of Level 3	2,036	886	3,261	1,138
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Ending Balance	(14,753)	(15,128)	(14,753)	(15,128)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Deposits at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Beginning Balance	(3,579)	(2,936)	(3,173)	(2,215)
Net realized gains/(losses)	(1)	(7)	(5)	(20)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)	(57)		(160)	(208)
Issuances	(169)	(284)	(513)	(797)
Settlements	189	9	225	22
Transfers Out Of Level 3	825		834
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Ending Balance	(2,792)	(3,218)	(2,792)	(3,218)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Securities Sold under Agreements to Repurchase at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Beginning Balance	(61)	(76)	(66)	(71)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)			(1)	(6)
Settlements	17	1	23	2
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Ending Balance	(44)	(75)	(44)	(75)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Other Secured Financings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Beginning Balance	(718)	(688)	(557)	(549)
Net realized gains/(losses)	1	(1)	10	(4)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)	(4)	(9)	(26)	(33)
Purchases		(3)	(3)	(8)
Sales				6
Issuances	(4)	(1)	(21)	(141)
Settlements	44	191	134	228
Transfers Into Level 3	(2)	(106)	(221)	(116)
Transfers Out Of Level 3	230	1	231	1
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Ending Balance	(453)	(616)	(453)	(616)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Unsecured Short-Term Borrowings Including Current Portion of Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Beginning Balance	(3,735)	(4,654)	(3,896)	(4,133)
Net realized gains/(losses)	(77)		(188)	(33)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)	(86)	(218)	(206)	(98)
Issuances	(1,229)	(692)	(3,535)	(3,327)
Settlements	1,027	1,208	2,756	3,522
Transfers Into Level 3	(30)	(76)	(113)	(427)
Transfers Out Of Level 3	255	760	1,307	824
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Ending Balance	(3,875)	(3,672)	(3,875)	(3,672)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Beginning Balance	(7,706)	(6,626)	(7,225)	(4,224)
Net realized gains/(losses)	(7)	(19)	(43)	(27)
Net unrealized gains/(losses)	(113)	(88)	(437)	21
Purchases				(2)
Issuances	(945)	(1,160)	(2,396)	(4,676)
Settlements	596	378	1,973	1,417
Transfers Into Level 3	(87)	(48)	(297)	(260)
Transfers Out Of Level 3	726	125	889	313
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Ending Balance	(7,536)	(7,438)	(7,536)	(7,438)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member] | Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Beginning Balance	(64)	(109)	(62)	(52)
Net realized gains/(losses)	5	4	14	8
Net unrealized gains/(losses)	11	9	9	(11)
Issuances	(5)	(13)	(14)	(55)
Settlements				1
Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value, Ending Balance	$ (53)	$ (109)	$ (53)	$ (109)

XML

Fair Value Option - Gains and Losses on Other Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities at Fair Value (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Fair Value Option Gains/(Losses)	$ (1,417)	$ (935)	$ (3,398)	$ (2,096)
Unsecured Short-Term Borrowings Including Current Portion of Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Fair Value Option Gains/(Losses)	(819)	(832)	(2,036)	(773)
Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Fair Value Option Gains/(Losses)	(448)	(19)	(1,121)	(608)
Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses at Fair Value [Member]
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Fair Value Option Gains/(Losses)	16	1	204	(86)
Fair Value Option Other [Member]
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
Fair Value Option Gains/(Losses)	$ (166)	$ (85)	$ (445)	$ (629)

XML

Fair Value Option - Loans and Lending Commitments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]
Aggregate contractual principal amount of performing loans and long-term receivables in excess of fair value	$ 608	$ 478
Aggregate contractual principal amount of loans on non-accrual status and/or more than 90 days past due in excess of fair value (excluding loans carried at zero fair value and considered uncollectible)	5,385	8,101
Aggregate fair value of loans on non-accrual status and/or more than 90 days past due	$ 2,220	$ 2,138

XML

Fair Value Option - Summary of DVA Losses on Financial Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
DVA (net of tax)	$ (104)	$ (13)	$ (518)	$ (75)
Other Financial Liabilities [Member]
Fair Value, Option, Quantitative Disclosures [Line Items]
DVA (pre-tax)	(161)	(13)	(804)	(116)
DVA (net of tax)	$ (104)	$ (13)	$ (518)	$ (75)

XML

Loans Receivable - Summary of Loans Receivable (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Subtotal	$ 62,223	$ 50,181
Allowance for loan losses	(737)	(509)	$ (414)
Total loans receivable	61,486	49,672
Corporate Loans [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Subtotal	30,422	24,837
Loans to Private Wealth Management Clients [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Subtotal	14,441	13,828
Loans Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Subtotal	7,094	4,761
Loans Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Subtotal	5,327	3,865
Other Loans [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Subtotal	$ 4,939	$ 2,890

XML

Loans Receivable - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Estimated fair Value of loans receivable	$ 61,840	$ 49,800
Amount of lending commitments held for investment	105,000	98,050
Carrying value of the liabilities relating to lending commitments held for investment	376	327
Estimated fair value of the liabilities relating to lending commitments held for investment	2,290	2,550
Impaired loans receivable (excluding PCI loans) in non-accrual status	570	404
Corporate loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring	121	142
Lending commitments related to loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring	0	144
PCI Loans [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable	4,527	3,970
Level 2 [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Estimated fair Value of loans receivable	35,530	28,400
Estimated fair value of the liabilities relating to lending commitments held for investment	799	1,100
Level 3 [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Estimated fair Value of loans receivable	26,310	21,400
Estimated fair value of the liabilities relating to lending commitments held for investment	$ 1,490	$ 1,450

XML

Loans Receivable - Summary of Purchased Credit Impaired (PCI) Loans (Detail) - PCI Loans [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Sep. 30, 2016
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable	$ 4,527	$ 3,970
Total outstanding principal balance	9,354	8,515
Total accretable yield	622	526
Loans Backed by Commercial Real Estate [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable	1,294	1,444
Loans Backed by Residential Real Estate [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable	3,222	2,508
Other Loans [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Loans receivable	11	$ 18
PCI loans acquired during three months [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Fair value of loans at the time of acquisition	337		$ 507
Expected cash flows at the time of acquisition	369		556
Contractually required cash flows at the time of acquisition	635		1,168
PCI loans acquired during nine months [Member]
Loans Receivable [Line Items]
Fair value of loans at the time of acquisition	1,425		1,364
Expected cash flows at the time of acquisition	1,579		1,549
Contractually required cash flows at the time of acquisition	$ 3,443		$ 3,405

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Loans Receivable - Summary of Loans Receivable - Credit Rating Equivalent (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Loans	$ 62,223	$ 50,181
Lending Commitments	105,000	98,050
Loans Receivable And Related Lending Commitments [Member]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Loans	57,696	46,211
Lending Commitments	105,001	98,045
Total	162,697	144,256
Loans Receivable And Related Lending Commitments [Member] | Investment-Grade [Member]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Loans	21,135	18,434
Lending Commitments	73,388	72,323
Total	94,523	90,757
Loans Receivable And Related Lending Commitments [Member] | Non-Investment-Grade [Member]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Loans	36,561	27,777
Lending Commitments	31,613	25,722
Total	$ 68,174	$ 53,499

XML

Loans Receivable - Summary of Loans Receivable - Regulatory Risk Rating (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Loans	$ 62,223	$ 50,181
Lending Commitments	105,000	98,050
Loans Receivable And Related Lending Commitments [Member]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Loans	57,696	46,211
Lending Commitments	105,001	98,045
Total	162,697	144,256
Non-Criticized/Pass [Member] | Loans Receivable And Related Lending Commitments [Member]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Loans	53,784	43,146
Lending Commitments	100,155	94,966
Total	153,939	138,112
Criticized [Member] | Loans Receivable And Related Lending Commitments [Member]
Financing Receivable, Recorded Investment [Line Items]
Loans	3,912	3,065
Lending Commitments	4,846	3,079
Total	$ 8,758	$ 6,144

XML

Loans Receivable - Summary of Changes in Allowance for Loan Losses and Allowance for Losses on Lending Commitments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Allowance for loan losses
Balance, beginning of period	$ 509	$ 414
Charge-offs	(63)	(8)
Provision	316	138
Other	(25)	(35)
Balance, end of period	737	509
Allowance for losses on lending commitments
Balance, beginning of period	212	188
Provision	51	44
Other	(21)	(20)
Balance, end of period	$ 242	$ 212

XML

Loans Receivable - Summary of Changes in Allowance for Loan Losses and Allowance for Losses on Lending Commitments (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Financing Receivable, Allowance for Credit Loss, Additional Information [Abstract]
Portfolio level reserves included in the allowance for loan losses	$ 471	$ 370
Specific loan-level reserves included in the allowance for loan losses	145	127
Reserves on PCI loans included in the allowance for loan losses	$ 121	$ 12

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Resale and Repurchase Agreements and Securities Borrowed and Loaned Transactions (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Collateralized Agreements And Financings [Abstract]
Securities purchased under agreements to resell (includes $112,108 and $116,077 at fair value)	$ 112,532	$ 116,925
Securities borrowed (includes $74,121 and $82,398 at fair value)	188,394	184,600
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase	86,424	71,816
Securities loaned (includes $5,038 and $2,647 at fair value)	$ 13,160	$ 7,524

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Resale and Repurchase Agreements and Securities Borrowed and Loaned Transactions (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Collateralized Agreements And Financings [Abstract]
Securities borrowed at fair value	$ 74,121	$ 82,398
Securities loaned at fair value	$ 5,038	$ 2,647

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Offsetting Arrangements (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Collateralized Agreements And Financings [Abstract]
Resale agreements, Gross carrying value	$ 192,738	$ 173,561
Resale agreements, Counterparty Netting	(80,206)	(56,636)
Resale agreements	112,532	116,925
Resale agreements, Counterparty Netting	(9,540)	(8,319)
Resale agreements, Collateral	(101,643)	(107,148)
Resale agreements	1,349	1,458
Securities borrowed, Gross carrying value	193,084	189,571
Securities borrowed, Counterparty Netting	(4,690)	(4,971)
Securities borrowed	188,394	184,600
Securities borrowed, Counterparty Netting	(5,910)	(4,045)
Securities borrowed, Collateral	(172,010)	(170,625)
Securities borrowed	10,474	9,930
Repurchase agreements, Gross carrying value	166,630	128,452
Repurchase agreements, Counterparty Netting	(80,206)	(56,636)
Repurchase agreements	86,424	71,816
Repurchase agreements, Counterparty Netting	(9,540)	(8,319)
Repurchase agreements, Collateral	(73,831)	(62,081)
Repurchase agreements	3,053	1,416
Securities loaned, Gross carrying value	17,850	12,495
Securities loaned, Counterparty Netting	(4,690)	(4,971)
Securities loaned	13,160	7,524
Securities loaned, Counterparty Netting	(5,910)	(4,045)
Securities loaned, Collateral	(7,144)	(3,087)
Securities loaned	$ 106	$ 392

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Schedule of Gross Carrying Value of Repurchase Agreements and Securities Loaned (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	$ 166,630	$ 128,452
Securities loaned	17,850	12,495
Money Market Instruments [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	475	317
U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	75,559	47,207
Securities loaned		115
Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	69,887	56,156
Securities loaned	2,588	1,846
Securities Backed By Commercial Real Estate [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	31	208
Securities Backed By Residential Real Estate [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	331	122
Corporate Loans and Debt Securities [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	8,870	8,297
Securities loaned	1,008	39
State and Municipal Obligations [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	44	831
Other Debt Obligations [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	5	286
Equity Securities [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	11,428	15,028
Securities loaned	$ 14,254	$ 10,495

XML

Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Schedule of Repurchase Agreements and Securities Loaned (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	$ 166,630	$ 128,452
Securities loaned	17,850	$ 12,495
No Stated Maturity and Overnight [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	56,286
Securities loaned	10,350
2 - 30 Days [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	57,320
Securities loaned	2,465
31 - 90 Days [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	13,851
Securities loaned	500
91 Days - 1 Year [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	24,673
Securities loaned	2,545
Greater than 1 Year [Member]
Offsetting Liabilities [Line Items]
Repurchase agreements	14,500
Securities loaned	$ 1,990

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Other Secured Financings (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Secured Financings [Line Items]
Other Secured Financings Short Term At Fair Value	$ 10,448	$ 13,118
Other Secured Financings Short Term At Amortized Cost	436
Other Secured Financings Long Term At Fair Value	11,855	7,955
Other Secured Financings Long Term At Amortized Cost		450
Other secured financings	22,739	21,523
Other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments	20,421	19,832
Other secured financings collateralized by other assets	2,318	1,691
U.S. Dollar [Member]
Other Secured Financings [Line Items]
Other Secured Financings Short Term At Fair Value	5,543	9,380
Other Secured Financings Short Term At Amortized Cost	$ 97
Weighted average interest rate, after giving effect to hedging activities, on other secured financings at amortized cost (short-term)	3.73%
Other Secured Financings Long Term At Fair Value	$ 7,523	5,562
Other Secured Financings Long Term At Amortized Cost		$ 145
Weighted average interest rate, after giving effect to hedging activities, on other secured financings at amortized cost (long-term)		4.06%
Other secured financings	13,163	$ 15,087
Other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments	11,198	13,858
Other secured financings collateralized by other assets	1,965	1,229
Non-U.S. Dollar [Member]
Other Secured Financings [Line Items]
Other Secured Financings Short Term At Fair Value	4,905	3,738
Other Secured Financings Short Term At Amortized Cost	$ 339
Weighted average interest rate, after giving effect to hedging activities, on other secured financings at amortized cost (short-term)	2.55%
Other Secured Financings Long Term At Fair Value	$ 4,332	2,393
Other Secured Financings Long Term At Amortized Cost		$ 305
Weighted average interest rate, after giving effect to hedging activities, on other secured financings at amortized cost (long-term)		2.16%
Other secured financings	9,576	$ 6,436
Other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments	9,223	5,974
Other secured financings collateralized by other assets	$ 353	$ 462

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Other Secured Financings (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Collateralized Agreements And Financings [Abstract]
Nonrecourse obligations included in other secured financings	$ 4,360	$ 2,540
Transfers of financial assets accounted for as financings included in other secured financings	731	285
Financial assets collateralizing other secured financings related to failed sales	752	285
Other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments owned	13,480	13,650
Other secured financings collateralized by financial instruments received as collateral and repledged	$ 6,940	$ 6,180

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Other Secured Financings by Maturity Date (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Secured Financings By Maturity Period [Line Items]
Other secured financings (short-term)	$ 10,884	$ 13,118
Total other secured financings (long-term)	11,855	8,405
Total other secured financings	22,739	$ 21,523
Other secured financings (long-term) [Member]
Other Secured Financings By Maturity Period [Line Items]
2018	4,104
2019	2,238
2020	1,381
2021	506
2022	2,105
2023 - thereafter	$ 1,521

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Financial Instruments Received as Collateral and Repledged (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Collateralized Agreements And Financings [Abstract]
Financial instruments at fair value received as collateral by the firm that it was permitted to deliver or repledge	$ 720,263	$ 634,609
Financial instruments at fair value received as collateral which the firm delivered or repledged	$ 591,215	$ 495,717

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Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Financial Instruments Received as Collateral and Repledged (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Collateralized Agreements And Financings [Abstract]
Securities received under resale agreements and securities borrowed transactions segregated to satisfy certain regulatory requirements	$ 8,300	$ 15,470
Securities segregated for regulatory and other purposes	$ 14,550	$ 15,290

XML

Collateralized Agreements and Financings - Financial Instruments Owned and Other Assets Pledged as Collateral (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Collateralized Agreements And Financings [Abstract]
Financial instruments owned pledged in connection with repurchase agreements, securities lending agreements and other secured financings to counterparties that had the right to deliver or repledge	$ 54,266	$ 51,278
Financial instruments owned pledged in connection with repurchase agreements, securities lending agreements and other secured financings to counterparties that did not have right to deliver or repledge	86,105	61,099
Other assets (substantially all real estate and cash) owned and pledged in connection with other secured financings to counterparties that did not have the right to deliver or repledge	$ 4,497	$ 3,287

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Securitization Activities - Amount of Financial Assets Securitized and Cash Flows Received on Retained Interests (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets [Abstract]
Securitization of residential mortgages	$ 4,010	$ 4,254	$ 12,304	$ 9,152
Securitization of commercial mortgages	1,763	1,123	4,717	1,873
Securitization of other financial assets		175	395	175
Securitization of Financial Assets	5,773	5,552	17,416	11,200
Retained interests cash flows	$ 83	$ 115	$ 206	$ 168

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Securitization Activities - Firms Continuing Involvement in Securitization Entities to Which Firm Sold Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Qualitative and Quantitative Information, Transferor's Continuing Involvement [Line Items]
Outstanding principal amount	$ 34,585	$ 31,042
Retained interests	1,657	1,564
Purchased interests	53	36
U.S. Government Agency-Issued Collateralized Mortgage Obligations [Member]
Qualitative and Quantitative Information, Transferor's Continuing Involvement [Line Items]
Outstanding principal amount	22,312	25,140
Retained interests	967	953
Purchased interests	29	24
Other Residential Mortgage-backed Securities [Member]
Qualitative and Quantitative Information, Transferor's Continuing Involvement [Line Items]
Outstanding principal amount	6,292	3,261
Retained interests	530	540
Purchased interests	2	6
Other Commercial Mortgage-backed [Member]
Qualitative and Quantitative Information, Transferor's Continuing Involvement [Line Items]
Outstanding principal amount	3,924	357
Retained interests	114	15
Purchased interests	10
CDOs, CLOs And Other [Member]
Qualitative and Quantitative Information, Transferor's Continuing Involvement [Line Items]
Outstanding principal amount	2,057	2,284
Retained interests	46	56
Purchased interests	$ 12	$ 6

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Securitization Activities - Firms Continuing Involvement in Securitization Entities to Which Firm Sold Assets (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets [Abstract]
Fair Value of Retained Interests	$ 1,660	$ 1,580

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Securitization Activities - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Net Asset related to Other Continuing Involvement	$ 88	$ 48
Fair Value of Retained Interests	1,660	1,580
Other Retained Interests [Member]
Fair Value of Retained Interests	$ 46	$ 56
Weighted average life (years)	4 years 6 months	3 years 6 months
Maximum Exposure to Adverse Changes in the value of retained interests relating to Other securities	$ 46	$ 56

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Securitization Activities - Weighted Average Key Economic Assumptions Used in Measuring Fair Value of Firm's Retained Interests and Sensitivity of This Fair Value to Immediate Adverse Changes (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Sensitivity Analysis of Fair Value of Interests Continued to be Held by Transferor, Servicing Assets or Liabilities, Impact of Adverse Change in Assumption [Line Items]
Fair Value of Retained Interests	$ 1,660	$ 1,580
Mortgage-Backed [Member]
Sensitivity Analysis of Fair Value of Interests Continued to be Held by Transferor, Servicing Assets or Liabilities, Impact of Adverse Change in Assumption [Line Items]
Fair Value of Retained Interests	$ 1,618	$ 1,519
Weighted average life (years)	6 years 8 months 12 days	7 years 6 months
Constant prepayment rate	9.30%	8.10%
Impact of 10% adverse change	$ (19)	$ (14)
Impact of 20% adverse change	$ (37)	$ (28)
Discount rate	4.90%	5.30%
Impact of 10% adverse change	$ (33)	$ (37)
Impact of 20% adverse change	$ (65)	$ (71)

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Variable Interest Entities (Nonconsolidated Variable Interest Entities) - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jan. 01, 2016
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIEs	$ 89,926	$ 70,083
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Assets	7,787	6,199
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	18,774	15,208
Investments in Funds and Other [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIEs	16,536	16,956
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Assets	1,124	1,027
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	$ 1,894	$ 2,066
Accounting Standards Update 2015-02 [Member] | Investments in Funds and Other [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIEs			$ 10,700
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Assets			543
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs			$ 559

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Variable Interest Entities (Consolidated Variable Interest Entities) - Additional Information (Detail) - Real Estate, Credit-Related and Other Investing [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Jan. 01, 2016
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets	$ 2,255	$ 3,291
Liabilities	$ 597	$ 1,095
Accounting Standards Update 2015-02 [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets			$ 302
Liabilities			$ 122

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Variable Interest Entities - Nonconsolidated Variable Interest Entities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIE	$ 89,926	$ 70,083
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Assets	7,787	6,199
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Liabilities	172	254
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	18,774	15,208
Retained Interests, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	1,657	1,564
Purchased Interests, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	1,175	544
Commitments and Guarantees, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	3,072	2,196
Derivatives, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	8,451	7,144
Loans and Investments, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	4,419	3,760
Mortgage-Backed [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIE	49,438	32,714
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Assets	2,731	1,936
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	2,839	2,109
Mortgage-Backed [Member] | Retained Interests, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	1,611	1,508
Mortgage-Backed [Member] | Purchased Interests, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	1,118	429
Mortgage-Backed [Member] | Commitments and Guarantees, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	10	9
Mortgage-Backed [Member] | Derivatives, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	100	163
Corporate CDOs and CLOs [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIE	7,105	5,391
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Assets	1,020	393
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Liabilities	31	25
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	5,993	3,166
Corporate CDOs and CLOs [Member] | Retained Interests, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	2	2
Corporate CDOs and CLOs [Member] | Purchased Interests, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	20	43
Corporate CDOs and CLOs [Member] | Commitments and Guarantees, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	1,316	186
Corporate CDOs and CLOs [Member] | Derivatives, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	3,994	2,841
Corporate CDOs and CLOs [Member] | Loans and Investments, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	661	94
Real Estate, Credit-Related and Other Investing [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIE	9,992	8,617
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Assets	2,319	2,550
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Liabilities	3	3
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	3,024	3,243
Real Estate, Credit-Related and Other Investing [Member] | Commitments and Guarantees, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	705	693
Real Estate, Credit-Related and Other Investing [Member] | Loans and Investments, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	2,319	2,550
Other Asset-Backed [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIE	6,855	6,405
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Assets	593	293
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Liabilities	135	220
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	5,024	4,624
Other Asset-Backed [Member] | Retained Interests, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	44	54
Other Asset-Backed [Member] | Purchased Interests, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	37	72
Other Asset-Backed [Member] | Commitments and Guarantees, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	275	275
Other Asset-Backed [Member] | Derivatives, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	4,353	4,134
Other Asset-Backed [Member] | Loans and Investments, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	315	89
Investments in Funds and Other [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIE	16,536	16,956
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Assets	1,124	1,027
Carrying Value of the Firm's Variable Interests in Nonconsolidated VIEs - Liabilities	3	6
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	1,894	2,066
Investments in Funds and Other [Member] | Commitments and Guarantees, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	766	1,033
Investments in Funds and Other [Member] | Derivatives, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	4	6
Investments in Funds and Other [Member] | Loans and Investments, Maximum Exposure to Loss [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	$ 1,124	$ 1,027

XML

Variable Interest Entities - Nonconsolidated Variable Interest Entities (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Commitments and guarantees and derivative transactions with VIEs to which the firm transferred assets	$ 1,310	$ 1,280
Assets in VIE	89,926	70,083
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	18,774	15,208
CDOs Backed by Mortgage Obligations [Member]
Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]
Assets in VIE	286	1,540
Maximum Exposure to Loss in Nonconsolidated VIEs	$ 162	$ 279

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Variable Interest Entities - Consolidated Variable Interest Entities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 116,610	$ 121,711	$ 118,003	$ 93,439
Loans receivable	61,486	49,672
Financial instruments owned	333,474	295,952
Other assets	29,493	25,481
Liabilities
Other secured financings	22,739	21,523
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations	9,502	4,386
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	114,713	117,143
Unsecured short-term borrowings	45,357	39,265
Unsecured long-term borrowings	211,852	189,086
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	13,848	14,362
Real Estate, Credit-Related and Other Investing [Member]
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	216	300
Loans receivable	410	603
Financial instruments owned	877	1,708
Other assets	752	680
Total	2,255	3,291
Liabilities
Other secured financings	158	284
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		1
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	17	7
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	422	803
Total	597	1,095
CDOs, Mortgage-Backed and Other Asset-Backed [Member]
Assets
Financial instruments owned	238	253
Other assets	13	2
Total	251	255
Liabilities
Other secured financings	150	139
Total	150	139
Principal-Protected Notes [Member]
Assets
Financial instruments owned	58	86
Total	58	86
Liabilities
Other secured financings	479	431
Unsecured short-term borrowings	127	197
Unsecured long-term borrowings	280	334
Total	886	962
Consolidated Variable Interest Entity, Total Carrying Amount [Member]
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	216	300
Loans receivable	410	603
Financial instruments owned	1,173	2,047
Other assets	765	682
Total	2,564	3,632
Liabilities
Other secured financings	787	854
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations		1
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	17	7
Unsecured short-term borrowings	127	197
Unsecured long-term borrowings	280	334
Other liabilities and accrued expenses	422	803
Total	$ 1,633	$ 2,196

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Other Assets - Other Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Assets [Abstract]
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment	$ 14,805	$ 12,070
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets	4,058	4,095
Income tax-related assets	5,253	5,550
Miscellaneous receivables and other	5,377	3,766
Total	$ 29,493	$ 25,481

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Other Assets - Other Assets (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule Of Other Assets [Line Items]
Debt securities accounted for as held-to-maturity	$ 724	$ 87
Investments in qualified affordable housing projects	714	682
Investments accounted for at fair value excluded from equity-method investments	9,010	7,920
Equity-method investments	242	$ 219
Investing and Lending [Member]
Schedule Of Other Assets [Line Items]
Assets classified as held for sale	$ 705

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Other Assets - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Assets [Abstract]
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	$ 8,460	$ 7,680
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment used for operation	$ 5,850	$ 5,960
Amortization period - Capitalized costs of software developed or obtained for internal use	3 years	3 years

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Other Assets - Goodwill and Intangible Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Schedule Of Intangible Assets And Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 3,665	$ 3,666
Identifiable Intangible Assets	393	429
Investment Banking - Financial Advisory [Member]
Schedule Of Intangible Assets And Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	98	98
Investment Banking - Underwriting [Member]
Schedule Of Intangible Assets And Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	183	183
Institutional Client Services - Fixed Income, Currency and Commodities Client Execution [Member]
Schedule Of Intangible Assets And Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	269	269
Identifiable Intangible Assets	39	65
Institutional Client Services - Equities Client Execution [Member]
Schedule Of Intangible Assets And Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	2,403	2,403
Identifiable Intangible Assets	102	141
Institutional Client Services - Securities Services [Member]
Schedule Of Intangible Assets And Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	105	105
Investing and Lending [Member]
Schedule Of Intangible Assets And Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	2	2
Identifiable Intangible Assets	130	105
Investment Management [Member]
Schedule Of Intangible Assets And Goodwill [Line Items]
Goodwill	605	606
Identifiable Intangible Assets	$ 122	$ 118

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Other Assets - Intangible Assets Disclosure (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross carrying value	$ 1,659	$ 1,608
Accumulated amortization	(1,266)	(1,179)
Net carrying value	393	429
Customer Lists [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross carrying value	1,088	1,065
Accumulated amortization	(886)	(837)
Net carrying value	202	228
Other [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross carrying value	571	543
Accumulated amortization	(380)	(342)
Net carrying value	$ 191	$ 201

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Other Assets - Intangible Assets Disclosure - Additional Information (Detail) - Other [Member] - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Identifiable intangible assets	$ 20	$ 81	$ 89
Identifiable intangible assets approximate weighted average remaining life in years	3 years	3 years	3 years

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Other Assets - Amortization Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Amortization related to identifiable intangible assets	$ 33	$ 37	$ 103	$ 116

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Other Assets - Estimated Future Amortization for Existing Identifiable Intangible Assets Through 2022 (Detail) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]
Future amortization, remainder of 2017	$ 40
2018	127
2019	95
2020	38
2021	27
2022	$ 21

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Deposits - Types and Sources of the Firm's Deposits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Deposits [Line Items]
Savings and demand	$ 77,183	$ 77,197
Time	55,578	46,901
Total	132,761	124,098
Private Bank And Online Retail [Member]
Deposits [Line Items]
Savings and demand	61,208	61,166
Time	4,274	4,437
Total	65,482	65,603
Brokered Certificates Of Deposit [Member]
Deposits [Line Items]
Time	32,537	34,905
Total	32,537	34,905
Deposit Sweep Programs [Member]
Deposits [Line Items]
Savings and demand	15,974	16,019
Total	15,974	16,019
Institutional [Member]
Deposits [Line Items]
Savings and demand	1	12
Time	18,767	7,559
Total	$ 18,768	$ 7,571

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Deposits - Types and Sources of the Firm's Deposits (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Deposits [Abstract]
Deposits at fair value	$ 23,752	$ 13,782
Weighted average maturity of time deposits	2 years	2 years 6 months
Deposits insured by the FDIC	$ 70,430	$ 69,910

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Deposits - Deposits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Deposits [Abstract]
U.S. offices	$ 103,812	$ 106,037
Non-U.S. offices	28,949	18,061
Total	$ 132,761	$ 124,098

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Deposits - Maturities of Time Deposits (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Time Deposits By Maturity [Line Items]
Remainder of 2017	$ 7,399
2018	23,558
2019	6,300
2020	4,771
2021	3,627
2022	4,392
2023 - thereafter	5,531
Total	55,578	$ 46,901
U.S. [Member]
Time Deposits By Maturity [Line Items]
Remainder of 2017	2,400
2018	9,053
2019	6,143
2020	4,759
2021	3,584
2022	4,306
2023 - thereafter	5,140
Total	35,385
Non-U.S. [Member]
Time Deposits By Maturity [Line Items]
Remainder of 2017	4,999
2018	14,505
2019	157
2020	12
2021	43
2022	86
2023 - thereafter	391
Total	$ 20,193

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Deposits - Maturities of Time Deposits (Parenthetical) (Detail) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Deposits [Abstract]
Total domestic time deposits greater than $250,000	$ 1,370
Total foreign time deposits greater than $250,000	$ 13,240

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Short-Term Borrowings - Short-Term Borrowings (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Other secured financings (short-term)	$ 10,884	$ 13,118
Unsecured short-term borrowings	45,357	39,265
Total	$ 56,241	$ 52,383

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Short-Term Borrowings - Unsecured Short-Term Borrowings (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Current portion of unsecured long-term borrowings	$ 27,261	$ 23,528
Hybrid financial instruments	14,264	11,700
Other unsecured short-term borrowings	3,832	4,037
Total unsecured short-term borrowings	$ 45,357	$ 39,265
Unsecured short-term debt, weighted average interest rate, after giving effect to hedging activities	2.35%	1.68%

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Long-Term Borrowings - Long-Term Borrowings (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Long-term Debt, Excluding Current Maturities [Abstract]
Other secured financings (long-term)	$ 11,855	$ 8,405
Unsecured long-term borrowings	211,852	189,086
Total	$ 223,707	$ 197,491

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Long-Term Borrowings - Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed-rate obligations	$ 134,473	$ 128,272
Floating-rate obligations	77,379	60,814
Total	211,852	189,086
U.S. Dollar [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed-rate obligations	98,948	96,113
Floating-rate obligations	43,799	36,748
Total	142,747	132,861
Non-U.S. Dollar [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed-rate obligations	35,525	32,159
Floating-rate obligations	33,580	24,066
Total	$ 69,105	$ 56,225

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Long-Term Borrowings - Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings (Parenthetical) (Detail) - Unsecured Debt [Member]	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
U.S. Dollar [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate debt obligations interest rates range	1.60%	1.60%
U.S. Dollar [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate debt obligations interest rates range	10.04%	10.04%
U.S. Dollar [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate debt obligations interest rates range	4.29%	4.57%
Non-U.S. Dollar [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate debt obligations interest rates range	0.32%	0.02%
Non-U.S. Dollar [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate debt obligations interest rates range	13.00%	13.00%
Non-U.S. Dollar [Member] | Weighted Average [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Fixed interest rate debt obligations interest rates range	2.66%	3.05%

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Long-Term Borrowings - Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings by Maturity Date (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total	$ 211,852	$ 189,086
Unsecured Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
2018	7,529
2019	28,171
2020	22,663
2021	21,663
2022	18,396
2023 - thereafter	$ 113,430

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Long-Term Borrowings - Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings by Maturity Date (Parenthetical) (Detail) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
2018	$ 3
2019	250
2020	266
2021	489
2022	(28)
2023 and thereafter	5,250
Amount related to interest rate hedges on certain unsecured long-term borrowings	$ 6,230

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Long-Term Borrowings - Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings after Hedging (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Fixed rate obligations at fair value	$ 146	$ 150
Fixed rate obligations at amortized cost	75,821	74,718
Floating rate obligations at fair value	35,815	29,260
Floating rate obligations at amortized cost	100,070	84,958
Total	$ 211,852	$ 189,086

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Long-Term Borrowings - Unsecured Long-Term Borrowings after Hedging (Parenthetical) (Detail)	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Disclosure [Abstract]
Effective weighted average interest rates for unsecured long-term borrowings, after hedging - total	2.71%	2.87%
Effective weighted average interest rates for unsecured long-term borrowings, after hedging fixed rate obligations	3.47%	3.90%
Effective weighted average interest rates for unsecured long-term borrowings, after hedging - floating rate obligations	2.13%	1.97%

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Long-Term Borrowings - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Minimum redemption or purchase price required	$ 253.0
APEX exchanged, par amount		$ 1,320.0
Series E and Series F Preferred Stock canceled, redemption value		$ 1,320.0
Subordinated Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Subordinated debt maturities, description	As of both September 2017 and December 2016, subordinated debt had maturities ranging from 2018 to 2045.
Subordinated debt maturities, range, start	Dec. 31, 2018		Dec. 31, 2018
Subordinated debt maturities, range, end	Dec. 31, 2045		Dec. 31, 2045
Long-term debt repurchased, par amount	$ 1,370.0
Long-term debt repurchased, carrying amount	1,730.0
Long-term debt repurchased, purchase price	$ 1,620.0
Goldman Sachs Capital I [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest Rate of Junior Subordinated Debentures issued to Trust, Fixed	6.345%
Maturity date of Junior Subordinated Debentures issued to Trust	Feb. 15, 2034
Junior subordinated debentures issued to Goldman Sachs Capital I (Trust)	$ 2,840.0
Guaranteed preferred beneficial interests issued to third parties	2,750.0
Common beneficial interests issued to Group Inc.	85.0
Junior subordinated debt, outstanding par amount	1,310.0		$ 1,360.0
Trust Preferred Securities, outstanding par amount	1,270.0		1,320.0
Common beneficial interests, outstanding par amount	39.3		40.8
Trust Preferred Securities purchased, par amount	50.0
Common beneficial interests delivered to the Trust	$ 1.5
Interest Rate of Junior Subordinated Debentures held by certain third parties	6.345%
Maturity date of Junior Subordinated Debentures held by certain third parties	Feb. 15, 2034
The 2012 Trusts [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Senior guaranteed trust securities issued by the Murray Street Trust and Vesey Street Trust (together, the 2012 Trusts)	$ 2,250.0
Senior guaranteed trust securities issued by the Murray Street Trust and Vesey Street Trust outstanding			$ 1,450.0

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Long-Term Borrowings - Subordinated Long-Term Borrowings (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Total subordinated Long-term Borrowings, par amount	$ 15,413	$ 16,418
Long-term subordinated debt outstanding	16,290	17,604
Long-term junior subordinated debt	1,745	1,809
Total subordinated Long-term Borrowings	$ 18,035	$ 19,413
Effective weighted average interest rate of long-term subordinated debt, after hedging	3.67%	4.29%
Effective weighted average interest rate of long-term junior subordinated debt, after hedging	2.23%	5.70%
Effective weighted average interest rate on long-term subordinated borrowings, after hedging	3.55%	4.41%
Subordinated Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, par amount	$ 14,104	$ 15,058
Junior Subordinated Debt [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Long-term debt, par amount	$ 1,309	$ 1,360

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Other Liabilities and Accrued Expenses - Other Liabilities (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Compensation and benefits	$ 6,347	$ 7,181
Noncontrolling interests	568	506
Income tax-related liabilities	1,747	1,794
Employee interests in consolidated funds	222	77
Subordinated liabilities of consolidated VIEs	20	584
Accrued expenses and other	4,944	4,220
Total	$ 13,848	$ 14,362

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Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees - Commitments (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	$ 119,832	$ 112,056
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements	53,180	25,348
Forward starting collateralized financings	14,790	8,939
Letters of credit	404	373
Investment commitments	8,467	8,444
Other	7,761	6,014
Total commitments	204,434	161,174
Maturities, Year 1 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	2,841
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements	53,177
Forward starting collateralized financings	14,790
Letters of credit	15
Investment commitments	4,973
Other	7,321
Total commitments	83,117
Maturities, Year 2 and Year 3 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	32,791
Contingent and forward starting collateralized agreements	3
Letters of credit	349
Investment commitments	967
Other	381
Total commitments	34,491
Maturities, Year 3 and Year 4 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	49,166
Investment commitments	258
Other	16
Total commitments	49,440
Maturities, Year 5 and Thereafter [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	35,034
Letters of credit	40
Investment commitments	2,269
Other	43
Total commitments	37,386
Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	73,597	73,664
Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member] | Maturities, Year 1 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	2,130
Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member] | Maturities, Year 2 and Year 3 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	21,170
Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member] | Maturities, Year 3 and Year 4 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	31,136
Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member] | Maturities, Year 5 and Thereafter [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	19,161
Non Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	41,210	34,878
Non Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member] | Maturities, Year 1 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	539
Non Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member] | Maturities, Year 2 and Year 3 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	9,499
Non Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member] | Maturities, Year 3 and Year 4 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	16,428
Non Investment Grade Commercial Lending [Member] | Maturities, Year 5 and Thereafter [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	14,744
Warehouse Financing [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	5,025	$ 3,514
Warehouse Financing [Member] | Maturities, Year 1 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	172
Warehouse Financing [Member] | Maturities, Year 2 and Year 3 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	2,122
Warehouse Financing [Member] | Maturities, Year 3 and Year 4 [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	1,602
Warehouse Financing [Member] | Maturities, Year 5 and Thereafter [Member]
Commitment Liabilities [Line Items]
Total commitments to extend credit	$ 1,129

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Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Summary Of Commitments And Contingent Liabilities [Line Items]
Approximate amount of lending commitments held for investment	$ 105,000,000,000		$ 105,000,000,000		$ 98,050,000,000
Approximate amount of lending commitments held for sale	8,230,000,000		8,230,000,000		6,870,000,000
Notional amount of loan commitments which are protected by SMFG against credit loss	$ 26,070,000,000		$ 26,070,000,000		$ 26,880,000,000
Credit loss protection percentage of first loss on loan commitments provided by SMFG	95.00%		95.00%
Approximate amount of maximum protection of first loss on loan commitments provided by SMFG	$ 950,000,000		$ 950,000,000
SMFG credit loss protection for additional losses percentage	70.00%		70.00%		70.00%
Maximum protection on additional losses on loan commitments provided by SMFG	$ 1,130,000,000		$ 1,130,000,000		$ 1,130,000,000
Protection provided by SMFG for additional losses	768,000,000		768,000,000		768,000,000
Commitments to invest in funds managed by the firm	1,710,000,000		$ 1,710,000,000		2,100,000,000
The latest year through which the firm's noncancelable lease agreements extend			2069
Operating Leases, Rent Expense	61,000,000	$ 65,000,000	$ 206,000,000	$ 187,000,000
Amount of loans sold to government sponsored enterprises during the period 2005 through 2008			10,000,000,000
Amount of loans sold to other third parties during the period 2005 through 2008			11,000,000,000
Outstanding balance for loans transferred to trusts and other mortgage securitization vehicles during the period 2005 through 2008	125,000,000,000		125,000,000,000
Collateral held by lenders in connection with securities lending indemnifications	$ 41,870,000,000		41,870,000,000		$ 34,330,000,000
Residential Mortgage Backed Securities Working Group [Member]
Summary Of Commitments And Contingent Liabilities [Line Items]
Settlement agreement amount			$ 1,800,000,000

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Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees - Leases (Detail) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Remainder of 2017	$ 84
2018	299
2019	267
2020	233
2021	176
2022	121
2023 - thereafter	684
Total	$ 1,864

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Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees - Guarantees (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Derivative Guarantee [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Carrying Value of Net Liability	$ 6,554	$ 8,873
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	1,990,192	816,774
Derivative Guarantee [Member] | Maturities, Year 1 [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	538,975	432,328
Derivative Guarantee [Member] | Maturities, Year 2 and Year 3 [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	1,235,298	261,676
Derivative Guarantee [Member] | Maturities, Year 4 and Year 5 [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	105,564	71,264
Derivative Guarantee [Member] | Maturities, Year 6 and Thereafter [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	110,355	51,506
Securities Lending Indemnification [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	40,731	33,403
Securities Lending Indemnification [Member] | Maturities, Year 1 [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	40,731	33,403
Financial Guarantee [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Carrying Value of Net Liability	39	50
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	3,700	3,662
Financial Guarantee [Member] | Maturities, Year 1 [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	229	1,064
Financial Guarantee [Member] | Maturities, Year 2 and Year 3 [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	934	763
Financial Guarantee [Member] | Maturities, Year 4 and Year 5 [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	1,958	1,662
Financial Guarantee [Member] | Maturities, Year 6 and Thereafter [Member]
Guarantor Obligations [Line Items]
Maximum Payout/Notional Amount by Period of Expiration	$ 579	$ 173

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Shareholders' Equity - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions		1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Oct. 16, 2017	Nov. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Equity [Line Items]
Common stock, shares authorized			4,000,000,000		4,000,000,000		4,000,000,000
Nonvoting common stock, shares authorized			200,000,000		200,000,000		200,000,000
Dividends declared per common share			$ 0.75	$ 0.65	$ 2.15	$ 1.95
Shares remitted by employees to satisfy minimum statutory employee tax withholding					12,165
Remitted Shares, Total					$ 3
Cancellation of RSUs to satisfy minimum statutory employee tax withholding					5,900,000
Cancelled RSUs, Total					$ 1,360
Cancellation of stock options to satisfy minimum statutory employee tax withholding and the exercise price of stock options					3,100,000
Cancelled stock options, Total					$ 750
APEX exchanged, par amount						$ 1,320
Series E Preferred Stock cancelled, number of shares						9,833
Series F Preferred Stock cancelled, number of shares						3,385
Series E and Series F Preferred Stock cancelled, redemption value						$ 1,320
Difference between fair value of APEX and net carrying value of preferred stock at time of cancellation				$ 105		$ 266
Shares Issued			420,282		420,282
Subsequent Event [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Dividends declared per common share	$ 0.75
Dividends payable date declared	Oct. 16, 2017
Dividends payable date to be paid	Dec. 28, 2017
Dividends payable date of record	Nov. 30, 2017
Subsequent Event [Member] | Series P Preferred Stock [Member]
Equity [Line Items]
Shares Issued		60,000
Preferred Stock, Liquidation Preference Per Share		$ 25,000
Depositary Shares Per Share		25
Preferred Stock, Redemption Price Per Share		$ 25,000
Preferred Stock, Redemption Amount		$ 1,500
Dividend rate		Dividends on Series P Preferred Stock, if declared, are payable semi-annually at 5.00% per annum from the issuance date to, but excluding, November 10, 2022, and quarterly thereafter at three-month LIBOR plus 2.874% per annum.

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Shareholders' Equity - Summary of Amount of Common Stock Repurchased by the Firm (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2017
Equity [Abstract]
Common share repurchases	9.6	22.4
Average cost per share	$ 225.12	$ 229.16
Total cost of common share repurchases	$ 2,169	$ 5,135

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Shareholders' Equity - Summary of Perpetual Preferred Stock Issued and Outstanding (Detail) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	509,250
Shares Issued	420,282
Shares Outstanding	420,280
Redemption Value | $	$ 11,203
Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	50,000
Shares Issued	30,000
Shares Outstanding	29,999
Depositary Shares Per Share	1,000
Earliest Redemption Date	Currently redeemable
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 750
Dividend rate	3 month LIBOR + 0.75%, with floor of 3.75% per annum
Series B Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	50,000
Shares Issued	32,000
Shares Outstanding	32,000
Depositary Shares Per Share	1,000
Earliest Redemption Date	Currently redeemable
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 800
Dividend rate	6.20% per annum
Series C Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	25,000
Shares Issued	8,000
Shares Outstanding	8,000
Depositary Shares Per Share	1,000
Earliest Redemption Date	Currently redeemable
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 200
Dividend rate	3 month LIBOR + 0.75%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
Series D Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	60,000
Shares Issued	54,000
Shares Outstanding	53,999
Depositary Shares Per Share	1,000
Earliest Redemption Date	Currently redeemable
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 1,350
Dividend rate	3 month LIBOR + 0.67%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
Series E Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	17,500
Shares Issued	7,667
Shares Outstanding	7,667
Earliest Redemption Date	Currently redeemable
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 100,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 767
Dividend rate	3 month LIBOR + 0.77%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
Series F Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	5,000
Shares Issued	1,615
Shares Outstanding	1,615
Earliest Redemption Date	Currently redeemable
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 100,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 161
Dividend rate	3 month LIBOR + 0.77%, with floor of 4.00% per annum
Series I Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	34,500
Shares Issued	34,000
Shares Outstanding	34,000
Depositary Shares Per Share	1,000
Earliest Redemption Date	Nov. 10, 2017
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 850
Dividend rate	5.95% per annum
Series J Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	46,000
Shares Issued	40,000
Shares Outstanding	40,000
Depositary Shares Per Share	1,000
Earliest Redemption Date	May 10, 2023
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 1,000
Dividend rate	5.50% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2023; 3 month LIBOR + 3.64% per annum thereafter
Series K Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	32,200
Shares Issued	28,000
Shares Outstanding	28,000
Depositary Shares Per Share	1,000
Earliest Redemption Date	May 10, 2024
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 700
Dividend rate	6.375% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2024; 3 month LIBOR + 3.55% per annum thereafter
Series L Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	52,000
Shares Issued	52,000
Shares Outstanding	52,000
Depositary Shares Per Share	25
Earliest Redemption Date	May 10, 2019
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 1,300
Dividend rate	5.70% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2019; 3 month LIBOR + 3.884% per annum thereafter
Series M Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	80,000
Shares Issued	80,000
Shares Outstanding	80,000
Depositary Shares Per Share	25
Earliest Redemption Date	May 10, 2020
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 2,000
Dividend rate	5.375% per annum to, but excluding, May 10, 2020; 3 month LIBOR + 3.922% per annum thereafter
Series N Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	31,050
Shares Issued	27,000
Shares Outstanding	27,000
Depositary Shares Per Share	1,000
Earliest Redemption Date	May 10, 2021
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 675
Dividend rate	6.30% per annum
Series O Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares Authorized	26,000
Shares Issued	26,000
Shares Outstanding	26,000
Depositary Shares Per Share	25
Earliest Redemption Date	Nov. 10, 2026
Liquidation Preference | $ / shares	$ 25,000
Redemption Value | $	$ 650
Dividend rate	5.30% per annum to, but excluding, November 10, 2026; 3 month LIBOR + 3.834% per annum thereafter

XML

Shareholders' Equity - Summary of Perpetual Preferred Stock Issued and Outstanding (Parenthetical) (Detail) - $ / shares	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series B Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series C Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series D Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series E Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series F Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series I Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series J Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series K Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series L Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series M Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series N Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	0.01
Series O Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred Stock	$ 0.01

XML

Shareholders' Equity - Summary of Preferred Dividends Declared on Preferred Stock Issued (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 93	$ 99	$ 386	$ 383
Series A Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 239.58	$ 239.58	$ 710.93	$ 713.54
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 7	$ 7	$ 21	$ 21
Series B Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 387.50	$ 387.50	$ 1,162.50	$ 1,162.50
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 12	$ 12	$ 37	$ 37
Series C Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 255.56	$ 255.56	$ 758.34	$ 761.12
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 2	$ 2	$ 6	$ 6
Series D Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 255.56	$ 255.56	$ 758.34	$ 761.12
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 14	$ 14	$ 41	$ 41
Series E Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 1,022.22	$ 1,022.22	$ 3,044.44	$ 3,055.55
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 7	$ 12	$ 23	$ 43
Series F Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 1,022.22	$ 1,022.22	$ 3,044.44	$ 3,055.55
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 2	$ 3	$ 5	$ 11
Series I Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 371.88	$ 371.88	$ 1,115.64	$ 1,115.64
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 13	$ 13	$ 38	$ 38
Series J Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 343.75	$ 343.75	$ 1,031.25	$ 1,031.25
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 13	$ 14	$ 41	$ 42
Series K Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 398.44	$ 398.44	$ 1,195.32	$ 1,195.32
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 12	$ 11	$ 34	$ 33
Series L Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared			$ 712.50	$ 712.50
Total preferred stock dividends declared			$ 37	$ 37
Series M Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared			$ 671.88	$ 671.88
Total preferred stock dividends declared			$ 54	$ 54
Series N Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared	$ 393.75	$ 393.75	$ 1,181.25	$ 730.63
Total preferred stock dividends declared	$ 11	$ 11	$ 32	$ 20
Series O Preferred Stock [Member]
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Preferred stock dividends declared			$ 662.50
Total preferred stock dividends declared			$ 17

XML

Shareholders' Equity - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss, Net of Tax (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance			$ 86,893
Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax	$ (101)	$ (31)	(500)	$ (169)
Ending balance	86,292		86,292		$ 86,893
Currency Translation [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance			(647)	(587)	(587)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax			19		(60)
Ending balance	(628)		(628)		(647)
Debt Valuation Adjustment [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance			(239)	305	305
Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax			(518)		(544)
Ending balance	(757)		(757)		(239)
Pension and Postretirement Liabilities [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance			(330)	(131)	(131)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax			2		(199)
Ending balance	(328)		(328)		(330)
Available-for-sale Securities [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance			0
Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax			(3)
Ending balance	(3)		(3)		0
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance			(1,216)	(718)	(718)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) adjustments, net of tax			(500)		(803)
Ending balance	$ (1,716)		$ (1,716)		(1,216)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss [Member] | Accounting Standards Update 2016-01 [Member]
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]
Beginning balance				$ (413)	$ (413)

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Regulation and Capital Adequacy - Minimum Capital Ratios (Detail)	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Regulation And Capital Adequacy [Abstract]
CET1 ratio	7.00%	5.875%
Tier 1 capital ratio	8.50%	7.375%
Total capital ratio	10.50%	9.375%
Tier 1 leverage ratio	4.00%	4.00%

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Regulation and Capital Adequacy - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Capital conservation buffer	2.50%	2.50%
Global Systemically Important Bank (G-SIB) buffer	2.50%	3.00%
Counter-cyclical capital buffer	0.00%	0.00%
Confidence level for regulatory VaR	99.00%
Confidence level for risk management VaR	95.00%
Time horizon for regulatory VaR (in days)	10 days
Time horizon for risk management VaR (in days)	1 day
Increased deductions due to transitional provisions, percentage	80.00%	60.00%
Minimum equity capital that is required to be maintained in regulated subsidiaries	$ 52,490	$ 46,490
Standardized Capital Rules [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	48,745	(8,705)
Change in Market RWAs	(5,237)	(18,726)
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	54,333	6,005
Change in Market RWAs	(4,786)	(18,506)
Change in Operational RWAs	625	(15,500)
GS&Co [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Regulatory net capital as defined by Rule 15c3-1	17,870	17,170
Excess amount of regulatory net capital as defined by Rule 15c3-1	15,330	$ 14,660
Amount of broker-dealer tentative net capital required to be held in accordance with Appendix E of Rule 15c3-1	1,000
Amount of broker-dealer net capital required to be held in accordance with Appendix E of Rule 15c3-1	500
Minimum tentative net capital required to be maintained by GS&Co or must notify the SEC	$ 5,000
GS Bank USA [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Capital conservation buffer	2.50%	2.50%
Counter-cyclical capital buffer	0.00%	0.00%
Amount deposited by GS Bank USA held at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York	$ 47,390	$ 74,240
Excess amount deposited by GS Bank USA held at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York	$ 47,310	$ 74,090

XML

Regulation and Capital Adequacy - Consolidated Regulatory Capital Ratios (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Preferred stock	$ 11,203	$ 11,203
Tier 1 leverage ratio	8.90%	9.40%
Standardized Capital Rules [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Common shareholders' equity	$ 75,089	$ 75,690
Deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities	(2,914)	(2,874)
Deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions		(424)
Other adjustments	(294)	(346)
Total Common Equity Tier 1	71,881	72,046	$ 71,363
Preferred stock	11,203	11,203
Deduction for investments in covered funds	(536)	(445)
Other adjustments	(149)	(364)
Tier 1 capital	82,399	82,440	81,511
Qualifying subordinated debt	13,567	14,566
Junior subordinated debt issued to trusts	635	792
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments	980	722
Other adjustments	(1)	(6)
Tier 2 capital	15,181	16,074	16,705
Total capital	97,580	98,514
RWAs	$ 540,184	$ 496,676	524,107
CET1 ratio	13.30%	14.50%
Tier 1 capital ratio	15.30%	16.60%
Total capital ratio	18.10%	19.80%
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Total Common Equity Tier 1	$ 71,881	$ 72,046	71,363
Tier 1 capital	82,399	82,440	81,511
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments	(980)	(722)
Tier 2 capital	14,201	15,352	16,103
Total capital	96,600	97,792
Standardized Tier 2 capital	15,181	16,074
RWAs	$ 599,822	$ 549,650	$ 577,651
CET1 ratio	12.00%	13.10%
Tier 1 capital ratio	13.70%	15.00%
Total capital ratio	16.10%	17.80%

XML

Regulation and Capital Adequacy - Consolidated Regulatory Capital Ratios (Parenthetical) (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Regulation And Capital Adequacy [Abstract]
Goodwill	$ 3,665	$ 3,666
Identifiable intangible assets deducted from CET1 during transitional period	314	257
Identifiable Intangible Assets	$ 393	$ 429
Increased deductions due to transitional provisions, percentage	80.00%	60.00%
Deferred tax liabilities associated with goodwill and identifiable intangible assets	$ 1,070	$ 1,050
Subordinated debt maturity period	5 years

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Regulation and Capital Adequacy - Capital Rollforward (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Standardized Capital Rules [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Common Equity Tier 1, Beginning balance	$ 72,046	$ 71,363
Change in common shareholders' equity	(601)	162
Change in deduction for transitional provisions	(426)	(839)
Change in deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities	31	16
Change in deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions	586	895
Change in other adjustments	245	449
Common Equity Tier 1, Ending balance	71,881	72,046
Tier 1 Capital, Beginning balance	82,440	81,511
Change in deduction for transitional provisions	(274)	(558)
Change in deduction for investments in covered funds	(91)	(32)
Other net increase in CET1	261	1,522
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(330)
Change in preferred stock		3
Change in other adjustments	63	324
Tier 1 Capital, Ending balance	82,399	82,440
Tier 2 capital, Beginning balance	16,074	16,705
Change in qualifying subordinated debt	(999)	(566)
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts	(157)	(198)
Change in the allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments	258	120
Change in other adjustments	5	13
Tier 2 Capital, Ending balance	15,181	16,074
Total capital	97,580	98,514
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Common Equity Tier 1, Beginning balance	72,046	71,363
Change in common shareholders' equity	(601)	162
Change in deduction for transitional provisions	(426)	(839)
Change in deduction for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, net of deferred tax liabilities	31	16
Change in deduction for investments in nonconsolidated financial institutions	586	895
Change in other adjustments	245	449
Common Equity Tier 1, Ending balance	71,881	72,046
Tier 1 Capital, Beginning balance	82,440	81,511
Change in deduction for transitional provisions	(274)	(558)
Change in deduction for investments in covered funds	(91)	(32)
Other net increase in CET1	261	1,522
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts		(330)
Change in preferred stock		3
Change in other adjustments	63	324
Tier 1 Capital, Ending balance	82,399	82,440
Tier 2 capital, Beginning balance	15,352	16,103
Change in qualifying subordinated debt	(999)	(566)
Redesignation of junior subordinated debt issued to trusts	(157)	(198)
Change in other adjustments	5	13
Tier 2 Capital, Ending balance	14,201	15,352
Total capital	$ 96,600	$ 97,792

XML

Regulation and Capital Adequacy - Risk-weighted Assets (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Standardized Capital Rules [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	$ 460,158	$ 411,413
Market RWAs	80,026	85,263
Total RWAs	540,184	496,676	$ 524,107
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Derivatives [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	131,415	124,286
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Commitments Guarantees and Loans [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	133,998	115,744
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Securities Financing Transactions [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	79,656	71,319
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Equity Investments [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	46,176	41,428
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Other [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	68,913	58,636
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Regulatory VaR [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	6,825	9,750
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Stressed VaR [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	25,800	22,475
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Incremental Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	10,288	7,875
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Comprehensive Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	1,950	5,338
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Specific Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	35,163	39,825
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	404,420	350,087
Market RWAs	79,689	84,475
Total Operational RWAs	115,713	115,088
Total RWAs	599,822	549,650	$ 577,651
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Derivatives [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	107,617	105,096
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Commitments Guarantees and Loans [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	152,846	122,792
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Securities Financing Transactions [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	20,156	14,673
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Equity Investments [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	49,499	44,095
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Other [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Credit RWAs	74,302	63,431
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Regulatory VaR [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	6,825	9,750
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Stressed VaR [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	25,800	22,475
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Incremental Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	10,288	7,875
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Comprehensive Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	1,613	4,550
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Specific Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Market RWAs	$ 35,163	$ 39,825

XML

Regulation and Capital Adequacy - Risk-weighted Assets Rollforward (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Standardized Capital Rules [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Risk-Weighted Assets, Beginning balance	$ 496,676	$ 524,107
Change in deduction due to transitional provisions	(233)	(531)
Change in Credit RWAs	48,745	(8,705)
Change in Market RWAs	(5,237)	(18,726)
Risk-Weighted Assets, end of period	540,184	496,676
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Derivatives [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	7,129	(12,555)
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Commitments Guarantees and Loans [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	18,254	4,353
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Securities Financing Transactions [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	8,337	(73)
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Equity Investments [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	4,910	4,196
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Other [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	10,348	(4,095)
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Regulatory VaR [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	(2,925)	(2,250)
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Stressed VaR [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	3,325	737
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Incremental Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	2,413	(1,638)
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Comprehensive Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	(3,388)	(387)
Standardized Capital Rules [Member] | Specific Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	(4,662)	(15,188)
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Risk-Weighted Assets, Beginning balance	549,650	577,651
Change in deduction due to transitional provisions	(233)	(531)
Change in Credit RWAs	54,333	6,005
Change in Market RWAs	(4,786)	(18,506)
Change in operational risk	625	(15,500)
Change in Operational RWAs	625	(15,500)
Risk-Weighted Assets, end of period	599,822	549,650
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Derivatives [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	2,521	(8,575)
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Commitments Guarantees and Loans [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	30,054	8,269
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Securities Financing Transactions [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	5,483	(228)
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Equity Investments [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	5,566	4,440
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Other [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Credit RWAs	10,942	2,630
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Regulatory VaR [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	(2,925)	(2,250)
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Stressed VaR [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	3,325	737
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Incremental Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	2,413	(1,638)
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Comprehensive Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	(2,937)	(167)
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member] | Specific Risk [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Change in Market RWAs	$ (4,662)	$ (15,188)

XML

Regulation and Capital Adequacy - Schedule of Minimum Ratios and Well Capitalized Minimum Ratios (Detail)	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Minimum CET1 ratio applicable to advanced approach banking institutions	7.00%	5.875%
GS Bank USA [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Minimum CET1 ratio applicable to advanced approach banking institutions	5.75%	5.125%
Minimum Tier 1 capital ratio applicable to advanced approach banking institutions	7.25%	6.625%
Minimum Total capital ratio applicable to advanced approach banking institutions	9.25%	8.625%
Minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio applicable to advanced approach banking institutions	4.00%	4.00%
Well-capitalized minimum CET1 ratio	6.50%
Well-capitalized minimum Tier 1 capital ratio	8.00%
Well-capitalized minimum total capital ratio	10.00%
Well-capitalized minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio	5.00%

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Regulation and Capital Adequacy - Capital Ratios (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016	Dec. 31, 2015
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Tier 1 leverage ratio	8.90%	9.40%
Standardized Capital Rules [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Common Equity Tier 1	$ 71,881	$ 72,046	$ 71,363
Tier 1 capital	82,399	82,440	81,511
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments	980	722
Tier 2 capital	15,181	16,074	16,705
Total capital	97,580	98,514
Risk-weighted assets	$ 540,184	$ 496,676	524,107
CET1 ratio	13.30%	14.50%
Tier 1 capital ratio	15.30%	16.60%
Total capital ratio	18.10%	19.80%
Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Common Equity Tier 1	$ 71,881	$ 72,046	71,363
Tier 1 capital	82,399	82,440	81,511
Standardized Tier 2 capital	15,181	16,074
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments	(980)	(722)
Tier 2 capital	14,201	15,352	16,103
Total capital	96,600	97,792
Risk-weighted assets	$ 599,822	$ 549,650	$ 577,651
CET1 ratio	12.00%	13.10%
Tier 1 capital ratio	13.70%	15.00%
Total capital ratio	16.10%	17.80%
GS Bank USA [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Tier 1 leverage ratio	16.00%	14.40%
GS Bank USA [Member] | Standardized Capital Rules [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Common Equity Tier 1	$ 25,013	$ 24,485
Tier 1 capital	25,013	24,485
Tier 2 capital	2,495	2,382
Total capital	27,508	26,867
Risk-weighted assets	$ 216,487	$ 204,232
CET1 ratio	11.60%	12.00%
Tier 1 capital ratio	11.60%	12.00%
Total capital ratio	12.70%	13.20%
GS Bank USA [Member] | Basel III Advanced Transitional [Member]
Compliance with Regulatory Capital Requirements under Banking Regulations [Line Items]
Common Equity Tier 1	$ 25,013	$ 24,485
Tier 1 capital	25,013	24,485
Standardized Tier 2 capital	2,495	2,382
Allowance for losses on loans and lending commitments	(495)	(382)
Tier 2 capital	2,000	2,000
Total capital	27,013	26,485
Risk-weighted assets	$ 146,412	$ 131,051
CET1 ratio	17.10%	18.70%
Tier 1 capital ratio	17.10%	18.70%
Total capital ratio	18.40%	20.20%

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Earnings Per Common Share - Earnings Per Common Share (Detail) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net earnings applicable to common shareholders	$ 2,035	$ 2,100	$ 5,828	$ 4,934
Weighted average number of basic shares	398.2	422.4	405.6	431.5
Effect of dilutive securities:
RSUs	5.4	4.8	5.0	4.3
Stock options	2.1	3.0	2.4	3.0
Dilutive securities	7.5	7.8	7.4	7.3
Weighted average number of basic shares and dilutive securities	405.7	430.2	413.0	438.8
Basic EPS	$ 5.09	$ 4.96	$ 14.32	$ 11.40
Diluted EPS	$ 5.02	$ 4.88	$ 14.11	$ 11.24

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Earnings Per Common Share - Additional Information (Detail) - $ / shares shares in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Earnings per common share
Reduction per common share due to impact of applying the amended principles to basic earnings per common share	$ 0.02	$ 0.01	$ 0.05	$ 0.03
Number of antidilutive RSUs and common shares underlying antidilutive stock options		6.0		6.1
Maximum [Member]
Earnings per common share
Number of antidilutive RSUs and common shares underlying antidilutive stock options	0.1		0.1

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Transactions with Affiliated Funds - Fees Earned from Affiliated Funds (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Transactions With Affiliated Funds [Abstract]
Fees earned from funds	$ 733	$ 704	$ 2,158	$ 1,949

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Transactions with Affiliated Funds - Fees Receivable from Affiliated Funds and the Aggregate Carrying Value of the Firm's Interests in these Funds (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Transactions With Affiliated Funds [Abstract]
Fees receivable from funds	$ 684	$ 554
Aggregate carrying value of interests in funds	$ 5,820	$ 6,841

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Transactions with Affiliated Funds - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Dec. 31, 2016
Transactions With Affiliated Funds [Abstract]
Management fees waived	$ 24	$ 26	$ 73	$ 79
Outstanding guarantees on behalf of certain nonconsolidated investment funds	$ 154		$ 154		$ 300

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Interest Income and Interest Expense - Interest Income and Interest Expense (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Interest income
Deposits with banks	$ 212	$ 116	$ 567	$ 320
Collateralized agreements	448	182	1,126	500
Financial instruments owned	1,492	1,299	4,336	4,171
Loans receivable	693	483	1,893	1,327
Other interest	566	309	1,455	949
Total interest income	3,411	2,389	9,377	7,267
Interest expense
Deposits	381	233	970	627
Collateralized financings	242	112	590	354
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased	343	312	1,048	943
Short-term secured and unsecured borrowings	200	105	512	341
Long-term secured and unsecured borrowings	1,111	1,064	3,411	2,949
Other interest	404	(51)	812	(198)
Total interest expense	2,681	1,775	7,343	5,016
Net interest income	$ 730	$ 614	$ 2,034	$ 2,251

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Income Taxes - Earliest Tax Years Subject to Examination by Major Jurisdiction (Detail)	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017
U.S. Federal [Member]
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open tax years by major tax jurisdiction	2011
New York State and City [Member]
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open tax years by major tax jurisdiction	2007
United Kingdom [Member] | Foreign Tax Authority [Member]
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open tax years by major tax jurisdiction	2014
Japan [Member] | Foreign Tax Authority [Member]
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open tax years by major tax jurisdiction	2014
Hong Kong [Member] | Foreign Tax Authority [Member]
Income Tax Examination [Line Items]
Open tax years by major tax jurisdiction	2011

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Business Segments - Segment Operating Results (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Jun. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	$ 8,326	$ 8,168	$ 24,239	$ 22,438
Operating expenses	5,350	5,300	16,215	15,531
Pre-tax earnings	2,976	2,868	8,024	6,907
Total assets	930,132	879,987	930,132	879,987	$ 906,518	$ 860,165
Investment Banking - Financial Advisory [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	911	658	2,416	2,223
Investment Banking - Equity Underwriting [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	212	227	783	679
Investment Banking - Debt Underwriting [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	674	652	2,031	1,885
Investment Banking - Underwriting [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	886	879	2,814	2,564
Investment Banking [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,797	1,537	5,230	4,787
Operating expenses	946	863	2,905	2,720
Pre-tax earnings	851	674	2,325	2,067
Total assets	2,797	2,245	2,797	2,245
Institutional Client Services - Fixed Income, Currency and Commodities Client Execution [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,452	1,964	4,296	5,554
Institutional Client Services - Equities Client Execution [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	584	678	1,823	1,735
Institutional Client Services - Commissions and Fees [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	681	719	2,183	2,342
Institutional Client Services - Securities Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	403	387	1,228	1,241
Institutional Client Services - Equities [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,668	1,784	5,234	5,318
Institutional Client Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	3,120	3,748	9,530	10,872
Operating expenses	2,331	2,526	7,276	7,649
Pre-tax earnings	789	1,222	2,254	3,223
Total assets	694,358	667,105	694,358	667,105
Investing and Lending - Equity Securities [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,391	920	3,369	1,546
Investing and Lending - Debt Securities and Loans [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	492	478	1,554	1,050
Investing and Lending [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,883	1,398	4,923	2,596
Operating expenses	855	690	2,368	1,714
Pre-tax earnings	1,028	708	2,555	882
Total assets	220,273	195,774	220,273	195,774
Investment Management - Management and Other Fees [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,272	1,225	3,775	3,571
Investment Management - Incentive Fees [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	86	114	288	197
Investment Management - Transaction Revenues [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	168	146	493	415
Investment Management [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	1,526	1,485	4,556	4,183
Operating expenses	1,218	1,221	3,666	3,448
Pre-tax earnings	308	264	890	735
Total assets	$ 12,704	$ 14,863	$ 12,704	$ 14,863

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Business Segments - Net Interest Income (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total net interest income	$ 730	$ 614	$ 2,034	$ 2,251
Investment Banking [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total net interest income	0	0	0	0
Institutional Client Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total net interest income	327	314	902	1,463
Investing and Lending [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total net interest income	329	235	921	618
Investment Management [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Total net interest income	$ 74	$ 65	$ 211	$ 170

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Business Segments - Depreciation and Amortization (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization	$ 280	$ 247	$ 802	$ 731
Investment Banking [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization	34	32	100	95
Institutional Client Services [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization	127	118	372	346
Investing and Lending [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization	70	52	191	165
Investment Management [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Depreciation and amortization	$ 49	$ 45	$ 139	$ 125

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Business Segments - Net Revenues and Pre-Tax Earnings for Each Geographic Region (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016	Sep. 30, 2017	Sep. 30, 2016
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	$ 8,326	$ 8,168	$ 24,239	$ 22,438
Pre-tax earnings	$ 2,976	$ 2,868	$ 8,024	$ 6,907
Percentage of total net revenues	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Percentage of total pre-tax earnings	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%
Americas [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	$ 4,870	$ 4,695	$ 14,603	$ 13,395
Pre-tax earnings	$ 1,696	$ 1,609	$ 4,786	$ 4,099
Percentage of total net revenues	58.00%	58.00%	60.00%	60.00%
Percentage of total pre-tax earnings	57.00%	56.00%	60.00%	59.00%
Europe, Middle East and Africa [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	$ 2,062	$ 2,079	$ 6,081	$ 5,937
Pre-tax earnings	$ 766	$ 716	$ 2,098	$ 1,861
Percentage of total net revenues	25.00%	25.00%	25.00%	26.00%
Percentage of total pre-tax earnings	26.00%	25.00%	26.00%	27.00%
Asia [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Net revenues	$ 1,394	$ 1,394	$ 3,555	$ 3,106
Pre-tax earnings	$ 514	$ 543	$ 1,140	$ 947
Percentage of total net revenues	17.00%	17.00%	15.00%	14.00%
Percentage of total pre-tax earnings	17.00%	19.00%	14.00%	14.00%

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Credit Concentrations - Credit Concentration, Government and Federal Agency Obligations (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
U.S. Government and Agency Obligations Held By The Firm [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, Credit risk, Financial instrument, Maximum exposure	$ 74,392	$ 57,657
Concentration risk, Credit risk, Financial instrument, Maximum exposure, As a percentage of total Assets	8.00%	6.70%
Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations Held By The Firm [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, Credit risk, Financial instrument, Maximum exposure	$ 39,691	$ 29,381
Concentration risk, Credit risk, Financial instrument, Maximum exposure, As a percentage of total Assets	4.30%	3.40%

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Credit Concentrations - Additional Information (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
GS Bank USA [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Cash deposits held at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York	$ 47,390	$ 74,240
Central Bank [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Cash deposits held at central banks	$ 84,440	$ 94,720

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Credit Concentrations - Credit Concentration, Resale Agreements and Securities Borrowed (Detail) - USD ($) $ in Millions	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017	Dec. 31, 2016
U.S. Government and Agency Obligations that Collateralize Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell and Securities Borrowed [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, Credit risk, Financial instrument, Maximum exposure	$ 73,483	$ 89,721
Non-U.S. Government and Agency Obligations that Collateralize Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell and Securities Borrowed [Member]
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, Credit risk, Financial instrument, Maximum exposure	$ 86,107	$ 80,234

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Legal Proceedings - Additional Information (Detail) CAD in Millions, $ in Millions	9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2017 USD ($) shares	Sep. 30, 2017 CAD shares
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Estimated aggregate amount of reasonably possible losses for legal proceedings	$ 1,600
Mortgage Related Matters [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Mortgage-Related Matters. Disgorgement and civil penalty amount related to settlement of SEC action	550
Mortgage-Related Matters. Face amount of securitizations claimed for repurchase	11,100
Cobalt International Energy Securities Litigation [Member] | February 2012 Common Stock Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	$ 1,670
Number of shares underwritten by GS&Co. in connection with the offering | shares	16,594,500	16,594,500
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	$ 465
Cobalt International Energy Securities Litigation [Member] | December 2012 Convertible Notes Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	1,380
Approximate principal amount of notes underwritten by GS&Co.	690
Cobalt International Energy Securities Litigation [Member] | January 2013 Common Stock Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	1,000
Cobalt International Energy Securities Litigation [Member] | May 2013 Common Stock Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	1,330
Cobalt International Energy Securities Litigation [Member] | May 2014 Convertible Notes Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	1,300
Approximate principal amount of notes underwritten by GS&Co.	508
Cobalt International Energy Securities Litigation [Member] | February 2012, December 2012 and May 2014 Offerings [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	1,660
TerraForm Global Securities Litigation [Member] | Common Stock Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	$ 675
Number of shares underwritten by GS&Co. in connection with the offering | shares	2,340,000	2,340,000
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	$ 35
TerraForm Global Securities Litigation [Member] | Class D Units [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	335
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	$ 155
Number of units sold by TerraForm to the individual plaintiffs | shares	154,800	154,800
TerraForm Global Securities Litigation [Member] | Senior Notes Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes	$ 810
Approximate principal amount of notes sold by GS&Co.	49
SunEdison Securities Litigation [Member] | Convertible Preferred Stock Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	$ 650
Number of shares underwritten by GS&Co. in connection with the offering | shares	138,890	138,890
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	$ 139
Adeptus Health Securities Litigation [Member] | June 2014 initial public offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	$ 124
Number of shares underwritten by GS&Co. in connection with the offering | shares	1,690,000	1,690,000
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	$ 37
Adeptus Health Securities Litigation [Member] | May 2015 Secondary Equity Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	$ 154
Number of shares underwritten by GS&Co. in connection with the offering | shares	962,378	962,378
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	$ 61
Adeptus Health Securities Litigation [Member] | July 2015 secondary equity offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	$ 411
Number of shares underwritten by GS&Co. in connection with the offering | shares	1,760,000	1,760,000
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	$ 184
Adeptus Health Securities Litigation [Member] | June 2016 secondary equity offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	175
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	175
Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Securities Litigation [Member] | June 2013 Public Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	$ 2,300
Number of shares underwritten by GS&Co. and GS Canada in connection with the offering | shares	5,334,897	5,334,897
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co. and GS Canada	$ 453
Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Securities Litigation [Member] | June 2013 Senior Notes Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes	3,200
Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Securities Litigation [Member] | November 2013 Senior Notes Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate principal amount of notes	900
Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Securities Litigation [Member] | June 2013 and November 2013 Senior Notes Offerings [Member] | Non-US [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Approximate principal amount of notes sold by GS&Co. and GS Canada | CAD		CAD 14.2
Snap Inc. [Member] | March 2017 Initial Public Offering [Member]
Other Commitments [Line Items]
Aggregate value of offering	$ 3,910
Number of shares underwritten by GS&Co. in connection with the offering | shares	57,040,000	57,040,000
Aggregate value underwritten by GS&Co.	$ 970