Note 22.

Transactions with Affiliated Funds

The firm has formed numerous nonconsolidated investment funds with third-party investors. As the firm generally acts as the investment manager for these funds, it is entitled to receive management fees and, in certain cases, advisory fees or incentive fees from these funds. Additionally, the firm invests alongside the third-party investors in certain funds.

The tables below present fees earned from affiliated funds, fees receivable from affiliated funds and the aggregate carrying value of the firm’s interests in affiliated funds.


	Three Months Ended March
$ in millions		2017	2016
Fees earned from funds		$ 710	$ 632

	As of
$ in millions		March 2017	December 2016
Fees receivable from funds		$ 595	$ 554

Aggregate carrying value of interests in funds		$6,505	$6,841

The firm may periodically determine to waive certain management fees on selected money market funds. Management fees of $25 million and $27 million were waived for the three months ended March 2017 and March 2016, respectively. The Volcker Rule restricts the firm from providing financial support to covered funds (as defined in the rule) after the expiration of the conformance period. As a general matter, in the ordinary course of business, the firm does not expect to provide additional voluntary financial support to any covered funds but may choose to do so with respect to funds that are not subject to the Volcker Rule; however, in the event that such support is provided, the amount is not expected to be material.

As of both March 2017 and December 2016, the firm had an outstanding guarantee, as permitted under the Volcker Rule, on behalf of its funds of $300 million. The firm has voluntarily provided this guarantee in connection with a financing agreement with a third-party lender executed by one of the firm’s real estate funds that is not covered by the Volcker Rule. As of March 2017 and December 2016, except as noted above, the firm has not provided any additional financial support to its affiliated funds.

In addition, in the ordinary course of business, the firm may also engage in other activities with its affiliated funds including, among others, securities lending, trade execution, market making, custody, and acquisition and bridge financing. See Note 18 for the firm’s investment commitments related to these funds.