EX-13.2 8 y94357exv13w2.htm CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
 

EXHIBIT 13.2

Report of Independent Auditors

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.:

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition and the related consolidated statements of earnings, changes in shareholders’ equity, cash flows and comprehensive income present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the Company) at November 28, 2003 and November 29, 2002, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three fiscal years in the period ended November 28, 2003, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management; our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these financial statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, which require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

-s- PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
New York, New York
January 26, 2004

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT  67

 


 

Consolidated Statements of Earnings

                           
      YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
     
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Revenues
                       
Investment banking
  $ 2,400     $ 2,572     $ 3,677  
Trading and principal investments
    8,555       7,297       9,296  
Asset management and securities services
    1,917       1,716       1,545  
Interest income
    10,751       11,269       16,620  
 
   
     
     
 
 
Total revenues
    23,623       22,854       31,138  
Interest expense
    7,600       8,868       15,327  
Cost of power generation
    11              
 
   
     
     
 
 
Revenues, net of interest expense and cost of power generation
    16,012       13,986       15,811  
 
                       
Operating expenses
                       
Compensation and benefits
    7,393       6,744       7,700  
Amortization of employee initial public offering and acquisition awards
    122       293       464  
 
                       
Brokerage, clearing and exchange fees
    829       852       843  
Market development
    264       306       406  
Communications and technology
    478       528       604  
Depreciation and amortization
    562       617       613  
Amortization of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets
    319       127       260  
Occupancy
    722       637       591  
Professional services and other
    878       629       634  
 
   
     
     
 
 
Total non-compensation expenses
    4,052       3,696       3,951  
 
   
     
     
 
 
Total operating expenses
    11,567       10,733       12,115  
 
   
     
     
 
Pre-tax earnings
    4,445       3,253       3,696  
Provision for taxes
    1,440       1,139       1,386  
 
   
     
     
 
Net earnings
  $ 3,005     $ 2,114     $ 2,310  
 
   
     
     
 
Earnings per share
                       
Basic
  $ 6.15     $ 4.27     $ 4.53  
Diluted
    5.87       4.03       4.26  
Average common shares outstanding
                       
Basic
    488.4       495.6       509.7  
Diluted
    511.9       525.1       541.8  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

68  GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition

                   
      AS OF NOVEMBER
     
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT SHARE AND PER SHARE AMOUNTS)   2003   2002

 
 
Assets
               
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 7,087     $ 4,822  
Cash and securities segregated in compliance with U.S. federal and other regulations
    29,715       20,389  
Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
    9,197       5,779  
Receivables from customers and counterparties
    27,180       23,159  
Securities borrowed
    129,118       113,579  
Securities purchased under agreements to resell
    26,856       45,772  
 
               
Financial instruments owned, at fair value
    139,029       123,318  
Financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral, at fair value
    21,690       6,457  
 
   
     
 
 
Total financial instruments owned, at fair value
    160,719       129,775  
 
               
Other assets
    13,927       12,299  
 
   
     
 
Total assets
  $ 403,799     $ 355,574  
 
   
     
 
 
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
               
Short-term borrowings, including the current portion of long-term borrowings
  $ 44,202     $ 40,638  
Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
    3,515       1,893  
Payables to customers and counterparties
    105,513       93,697  
Securities loaned
    17,528       12,238  
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase
    43,084       59,919  
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value
    102,699       83,473  
Other liabilities and accrued expenses
    8,144       6,002  
Long-term borrowings
    57,482       38,711  
 
   
     
 
 
Total liabilities
    382,167       336,571  
 
               
Commitments, contingencies and guarantees
               
 
               
Shareholders’ equity
               
Preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share; 150,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
           
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 4,000,000,000 shares authorized, 527,371,946 and 515,084,810 shares issued as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively, and 473,014,926 and 472,940,724 shares outstanding as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively
    5       5  
Restricted stock units and employee stock options
    2,984       3,517  
Nonvoting common stock, par value $0.01 per share; 200,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding
           
Additional paid-in capital
    13,562       12,750  
Retained earnings
    9,914       7,259  
Unearned compensation
    (339 )     (845 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
    6       (122 )
Treasury stock, at cost, par value $0.01 per share; 54,357,020 and 42,144,086 shares as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively
    (4,500 )     (3,561 )
 
   
     
 
 
Total shareholders’ equity
    21,632       19,003  
 
   
     
 
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
  $ 403,799     $ 355,574  
 
   
     
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT  69

 


 

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

                           
      YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
     
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share
                       
 
Balance, beginning of year
  $ 5     $ 5     $ 5  
 
Issued
                 
 
 
   
     
     
 
 
Balance, end of year
    5       5       5  
 
 
                       
Restricted stock units and employee stock options
                       
 
Balance, beginning of year
    3,517       4,561       4,771  
 
Issued
    339       507       657  
 
Delivered
    (714 )     (1,293 )     (600 )
 
Forfeited
    (156 )     (257 )     (267 )
 
Options exercised
    (2 )     (1 )      
 
 
   
     
     
 
 
Balance, end of year
    2,984       3,517       4,561  
 
 
                       
Additional paid-in capital
                       
 
Balance, beginning of year
    12,750       11,766       11,116  
 
Issuance of common stock
    709       865       527  
 
Excess net tax benefit related to delivery of stock-based awards
    103       119       123  
 
 
   
     
     
 
 
Balance, end of year
    13,562       12,750       11,766  
 
 
                       
Retained earnings
                       
 
Balance, beginning of year
    7,259       5,373       3,294  
 
Net earnings
    3,005       2,114       2,310  
 
Dividends declared
    (350 )     (228 )     (231 )
 
 
   
     
     
 
 
Balance, end of year
    9,914       7,259       5,373  
 
 
                       
Unearned compensation
                       
 
Balance, beginning of year
    (845 )     (1,220 )     (1,878 )
 
Restricted stock units granted
    (6 )     (387 )     (375 )
 
Restricted stock units forfeited
    48       95       108  
 
Amortization of restricted stock units
    464       667       925  
 
 
   
     
     
 
 
Balance, end of year
    (339 )     (845 )     (1,220 )
 
 
                       
Accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss)
                       
 
Balance, beginning of year
    (122 )     (168 )     (130 )
 
Currency translation adjustment, net of tax
    128       46       (38 )
 
 
   
     
     
 
 
Balance, end of year
    6       (122 )     (168 )
 
 
                       
Treasury stock, at cost, par value $0.01 per share
                       
 
Balance, beginning of year
    (3,561 )     (2,086 )     (648 )
 
Repurchased
    (939 )     (1,475 )     (1,438 )
 
 
   
     
     
 
 
Balance, end of year
    (4,500 )     (3,561 )     (2,086 )
 
 
   
     
     
 
 
  $ 21,632     $ 19,003     $ 18,231  
 
 
   
     
     
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

70 GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

                             
        YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
       
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Cash flows from operating activities
                       
 
Net earnings
  $ 3,005     $ 2,114     $ 2,310  
 
Noncash items included in net earnings
                       
   
Depreciation and amortization
    562       617       613  
   
Amortization of goodwill and identifiable intangible assets
    319       127       260  
   
Deferred income taxes
    93       230       52  
   
Stock-based compensation
    711       639       789  
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
                       
 
Cash and securities segregated in compliance with U.S. federal and other regulations
    (9,311 )     1,745       (5,002 )
 
Net receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations
    (1,797 )     (2,423 )     931  
 
Net payables to customers and counterparties
    7,826       5,265       20,056  
 
Securities borrowed, net of securities loaned
    (10,249 )     (7,039 )     (21,098 )
 
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase, net of securities purchased under agreements to resell
    2,081       2,429       18,046  
 
Financial instruments owned, at fair value
    (28,920 )     (20,977 )     (14,390 )
 
Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value
    19,227       8,756       1,809  
 
Other, net
    798       (1,560 )     (1,511 )
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
Net cash (used for)/provided by operating activities
    (15,655 )     (10,077 )     2,865  
 
Cash flows from investing activities
                       
 
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment
    (592 )     (1,008 )     (1,370 )
 
Business combinations, net of cash acquired
    (697 )     (68 )     (314 )
 
Other investments
    (1,372 )     (27 )     (225 )
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
Net cash used for investing activities
    (2,661 )     (1,103 )     (1,909 )
 
Cash flows from financing activities
                       
 
Short-term borrowings, net
    729       6,354       1,261  
 
Issuance of long-term borrowings
    28,238       12,740       6,694  
 
Repayment of long-term borrowings, including the current portion of long-term borrowings
    (7,471 )     (8,358 )     (4,208 )
 
Derivative contracts with a financing element
    231              
 
Common stock repurchased
    (939 )     (1,475 )     (1,438 )
 
Dividends paid
    (350 )     (228 )     (231 )
 
Proceeds from issuance of common stock
    143       60       5  
 
 
   
     
     
 
   
Net cash provided by financing activities
    20,581       9,093       2,083  
 
   
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    2,265       (2,087 )     3,039  
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year
    4,822       6,909       3,870  
 
 
   
     
     
 
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year
  $ 7,087     $ 4,822     $ 6,909  
 
 
   
     
     
 

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES:
Cash payments for interest, net of capitalized interest, were $7.21 billion, $8.92 billion and $14.98 billion for the years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001, respectively.
 
Cash payments for income taxes, net of refunds, were $846 million, $1.22 billion and $1.30 billion for the years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001, respectively.
 
Noncash activities:
The value of common stock issued in connection with business combinations was $165 million, $47 million and $223 million for the years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001, respectively. In addition, the firm assumed $584 million of long-term borrowings in connection with business combinations for the year ended November 2003.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT   71

 


 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

                         
    YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
   
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Net earnings
  $ 3,005     $ 2,114     $ 2,310  
Currency translation adjustment, net of tax
    128       46       (38 )
 
   
     
     
 
Comprehensive income
  $ 3,133     $ 2,160     $ 2,272  
 
   
     
     
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

72  GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 1

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. (Group Inc.), a Delaware corporation, together with its consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, the firm), is a leading global investment banking, securities and investment management firm that provides a wide range of services worldwide to a substantial and diversified client base that includes corporations, financial institutions, governments and high-net-worth individuals.

The firm’s activities are divided into three segments:

    INVESTMENT BANKING – The firm provides a broad range of investment banking services to a diverse group of corporations, financial institutions, governments and individuals.
 
    TRADING AND PRINCIPAL INVESTMENTS – The firm facilitates customer transactions with a diverse group of corporations, financial institutions, governments and individuals and takes proprietary positions through market making in, and trading of, fixed income and equity products, currencies, commodities and derivatives on such products. In addition, the firm engages in floor-based and electronic market making as a specialist on U.S. equities and options exchanges and clears customer transactions on major stock, options and futures exchanges worldwide. In connection with the firm’s merchant banking and other investment activities, the firm makes principal investments directly and through funds that the firm raises and manages.
 
    ASSET MANAGEMENT AND SECURITIES SERVICES – The firm offers a broad array of investment strategies, advice and planning across all major asset classes to a diverse client base of institutions and individuals and provides prime brokerage, financing services and securities lending services to mutual funds, pension funds, hedge funds, foundations, endowments and high-net-worth individuals.

The firm made certain changes to its segment reporting structure in 2003. These changes included reclassifying the following from Asset Management and Securities Services to Trading and Principal Investments:

    equity commissions and clearing and execution fees;
 
    merchant banking overrides; and
 
    the matched book businesses.

These reclassifications did not affect the firm’s previously reported consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. See Note 15 for further information regarding the firm’s segments.

NOTE 2

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Group Inc. and all other entities in which the firm has a controlling financial interest. All material intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. The firm determines whether it has a controlling financial interest in an entity by first evaluating whether the entity is a voting interest entity, a variable interest entity (VIE), a special-purpose entity (SPE) or a qualifying special-purpose entity (QSPE) under generally accepted accounting principles.

Voting interest entities are entities in which the total equity investment at risk is sufficient to enable each entity to finance itself independently and provides the equity holders with the obligation to absorb losses, the right to receive residual returns and the right to make decisions about the entity’s activities.

Voting interest entities are consolidated in accordance with Accounting Research Bulletin (ARB) No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements,” as amended. ARB No. 51 states that the usual condition for a controlling financial interest in an entity is ownership of a majority voting interest. Accordingly, the firm consolidates voting interest entities in which it has all, or a majority of, the

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT  73

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

voting interest. The firm’s principal U.S. and international subsidiaries include Goldman, Sachs & Co. (GS&Co.), J. Aron & Company and Spear, Leeds & Kellogg, L.P. (SLK) in New York, Goldman Sachs International (GSI) in London and Goldman Sachs (Japan) Ltd. (GSJL) in Tokyo.

As defined in Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation (FIN) No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” VIEs are entities that lack one or more of the characteristics of a voting interest entity described above. Prior to the issuance of FIN No. 46, VIEs were commonly referred to as SPEs. FIN No. 46 states that a controlling financial interest in an entity is present when an enterprise has a variable interest, or combination of variable interests, that will absorb a majority of the entity’s expected losses, receive a majority of the entity’s expected residual returns, or both. The enterprise with a controlling financial interest, known as the primary beneficiary, consolidates the VIE under FIN No. 46.

In January 2003, the FASB issued FIN No. 46. In accordance with its original provisions, the firm adopted FIN No. 46 immediately for all VIEs created after January 31, 2003. For VIEs created before February 1, 2003 (pre-existing VIEs), the firm was initially required to adopt FIN No. 46 no later than November 2003. In October 2003, the FASB deferred the effective date of FIN No. 46 for pre-existing VIEs to no later than February 2004 (the firm’s first quarter of fiscal 2004). In December 2003, the FASB issued a revision to FIN No. 46 (FIN No. 46-R), which incorporated the October 2003 deferral provisions and clarified and revised the accounting guidance for VIEs. Under its transition provisions, early application of FIN No. 46 or FIN No. 46-R to some or all VIEs was permitted. The firm applied either FIN No. 46 or FIN No. 46-R to substantially all pre-existing VIEs in which it held a variable interest as of November 2003. All VIEs, regardless of when created, are required to be evaluated under FIN No. 46-R no later than May 2004.

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities,” the firm does not consolidate QSPEs. QSPEs are passive entities that hold financial assets transferred to them and are commonly used in mortgage and other securitization transactions. Prior to the adoption of FIN No. 46 or FIN No. 46-R, as applicable, the firm consolidated all nonqualifying SPEs if the firm controlled the SPE, held a majority of the SPE’s substantive risks and rewards, or had transferred assets to the SPE and independent investors had not made a substantive majority equity investment in legal form.

When the firm does not have a controlling financial interest in an entity but exerts significant influence over the entity’s operating and financial policies (generally defined as owning a voting or economic interest of 20% to 50%), the firm accounts for its investment in accordance with the equity method of accounting prescribed by Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.”

If the firm does not have a controlling financial interest in, or exert significant influence over, an entity, the firm accounts for its investment at fair value.

The firm’s financial interests in, and derivative transactions with, nonconsolidated SPEs and VIEs are accounted for at fair value, in the same manner as other financial instruments. As of November 2003, the firm had no material additional financial commitments or guarantees in respect of these entities.

The firm also has formed numerous nonconsolidated merchant banking funds with third-party investors that are typically organized as limited partnerships. The firm acts as general partner for these funds and does not hold a majority of the economic interests in any fund. Where the firm holds an interest that is significant to a fund, it is subject to removal as general partner. The firm’s aggregate investments in funds in which it holds a significant interest was $1.57 billion and $1.42 billion as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively. Such fund investments are included in “Financial instruments owned, at fair value” in the consolidated statements of financial condition. Total assets in these funds were approximately $13 billion as of September 30, 2003 (the most recent investment fund reporting date).

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles that require management to make certain estimates and assumptions regarding fair value measurement, the accounting for goodwill and identifiable intangible assets, the provision for potential losses that may arise from litigation and regulatory proceedings, and other matters that affect the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. These estimates and assumptions are based on the best available information; nonetheless, actual results could be materially different from these estimates.

Unless otherwise stated herein, all references to November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001 refer to the firm’s fiscal years ended, or the dates, as the context requires, November 28, 2003, November 29,

74  GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

2002 and November 30, 2001, respectively. Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported amounts to conform to the current presentation.

Revenue Recognition

INVESTMENT BANKING

Underwriting revenues and fees from mergers and acquisitions and other corporate finance advisory assignments are recorded when the services related to the underlying transaction are completed under the terms of the engagement. Expenses associated with such transactions are deferred until the related revenue is recognized or the engagement is otherwise concluded. Underwriting revenues are presented net of related expenses. Expenses associated with advisory transactions are recorded as non-compensation expenses, net of client reimbursements.

REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS AND COLLATERALIZED FINANCING ARRANGEMENTS

Securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase, principally U.S. government, federal agency and investment-grade foreign sovereign obligations, represent short-term collateralized financing transactions and are carried in the consolidated statements of financial condition at their contractual amounts plus accrued interest. These amounts are presented on a net-by-counterparty basis when the requirements of FIN No. 41, “Offsetting of Amounts Related to Certain Repurchase and Reverse Repurchase Agreements,” are satisfied. The firm takes possession of securities purchased under agreements to resell, makes delivery of securities sold under agreements to repurchase, monitors the market value of these securities on a daily basis and delivers or obtains additional collateral as appropriate.

Securities borrowed and loaned are recorded based on the amount of cash collateral advanced or received. These transactions are generally collateralized by cash, securities or letters of credit. The firm takes possession of securities borrowed, makes delivery of securities loaned, monitors the market value of securities borrowed and loaned, and delivers or obtains additional collateral as appropriate. Income or expense on repurchase agreements and collateralized financing arrangements is recognized as interest over the life of the transaction.

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The consolidated statements of financial condition generally reflect purchases and sales of financial instruments on a trade-date basis.

“Financial instruments owned, at fair value” and “Financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value” in the consolidated statements of financial condition consist of financial instruments carried at fair value or amounts that approximate fair value, with related unrealized gains or losses recognized in the firm’s results of operations. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.

In determining fair value, the firm separates financial instruments into three categories—cash (i.e., nonderivative) trading instruments, derivative contracts and principal investments.

The fair values of cash trading instruments are generally obtained from quoted market prices in active markets, broker or dealer price quotations, or alternative pricing sources with a reasonable level of price transparency. The types of instruments valued in this manner include U.S. government and agency securities, other sovereign government obligations, liquid mortgage products, investment-grade corporate bonds, listed equities, money market securities, state, municipal and provincial obligations, and physical commodities.

Certain cash trading instruments trade infrequently and, therefore, have little or no price transparency. Such instruments may include certain high-yield debt, corporate bank loans, mortgage whole loans and distressed debt. The firm values these instruments using methodologies such as the present value of known or estimated cash flows and generally does not adjust underlying valuation assumptions unless there is substantive evidence supporting a change in the value of the underlying instrument or valuation assumptions (such as similar market transactions, changes in financial ratios and changes in the credit ratings of the underlying companies).

Cash trading instruments owned by the firm (long positions) are marked to bid prices and instruments sold but not yet purchased (short positions) are marked to offer prices. If liquidating a position is reasonably expected to affect its prevailing market price, the valuation is adjusted generally based on market evidence or predetermined policies. In certain circumstances, such as for highly illiquid positions, management’s estimates are used to determine this adjustment.

The fair values of the firm’s derivative contracts include cash that the firm has paid and received (for example, option premiums or cash paid or received pursuant to credit support agreements) and consist of exchange-traded and over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives. The fair

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT  75

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

values of the firm’s exchange-traded derivatives are generally determined from quoted market prices. OTC derivatives are valued using valuation models. The firm uses a variety of valuation models including the present value of known or estimated cash flows, option-pricing models and option-adjusted spread models. The valuation models used to derive the fair values of the firm’s OTC derivatives require inputs including contractual terms, market prices, yield curves, credit curves, measures of volatility, prepayment rates and correlations of such inputs.

At the inception of an OTC derivative contract (day one), the firm values the contract at the model value if the firm can verify all of the significant model inputs to observable market data and verify the model value to market transactions. When appropriate, valuations are adjusted to take account of various factors such as liquidity, bid/offer and credit considerations. These adjustments are generally based on market evidence or predetermined policies. In certain circumstances, such as for highly illiquid positions, management’s estimates are used to determine these adjustments.

Where the firm cannot verify all of the significant model inputs to observable market data and verify the model value to market transactions, the firm values the contract at the transaction price at inception and, consequently, records no day one gain or loss in accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 02-3, “Issues Involved in Accounting for Derivative Contracts Held for Trading Purposes and Contracts Involved in Energy Trading and Risk Management Activities.”

Following day one, the firm adjusts the inputs to valuation models only to the extent that changes in such inputs can be verified by similar market transactions, third-party pricing services and/or broker quotes or can be derived from other substantive evidence such as empirical market data. In circumstances where the firm cannot verify the model value to market transactions, it is possible that a different valuation model could produce a materially different estimate of fair value.

In valuing corporate and real estate principal investments, the firm’s portfolio is separated into investments in private companies and investments in public companies, including the firm’s investment in the convertible preferred stock of Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, Inc. (SMFG).

The firm’s private principal investments, by their nature, have little to no price transparency. Such investments are initially carried at cost as an approximation of fair value. Adjustments to carrying value are made if there are third-party transactions evidencing a change in value. Downward adjustments are also made, in the absence of third-party transactions, if it is determined that the expected realizable value of the investment is less than the carrying value. In reaching that determination, many factors are considered, including, but not limited to, the operating cash flows and financial performance of the companies or properties relative to budgets or projections, trends within sectors and/or regions, underlying business models, expected exit timing and strategy, and any specific rights or terms associated with the investment, such as conversion features and liquidation preferences.

The firm’s public principal investments, which tend to be large, concentrated holdings that resulted from initial public offerings or other corporate transactions, are valued using quoted market prices discounted for restrictions on sale. If liquidating a position is reasonably expected to affect market prices, valuations are adjusted accordingly based on predetermined written policies.

The firm’s investment in the convertible preferred stock of SMFG is carried at fair value, which is derived from a model that incorporates SMFG’s common stock price and credit spreads, the impact of the transfer restrictions on the firm’s investment and the downside protection on the conversion strike price.

In general, transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales under SFAS No. 140 when the firm has relinquished control over the transferred assets. For transfers accounted for as sales, any related gains or losses are recognized in net revenues. Transfers that are not accounted for as sales are accounted for as repurchase agreements or collateralized financing arrangements, with the related interest expense recognized in net revenues over the lives of the transactions.

COMMISSIONS

The firm generates commissions from executing and clearing client transactions on stock, options and futures markets worldwide. These commissions are recorded on a trade-date basis in “Trading and principal investments” in the consolidated statements of earnings.

POWER GENERATION

Power generation revenues are included in “Trading and principal investments” in the consolidated statements of earnings when power is delivered. “Cost of power generation” in the consolidated statement of earnings includes all of the direct costs of the firm’s power plant operations (e.g., fuel, operations and maintenance), as well as the depreciation and amortization associated with the plant and related contractual assets.

76  GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

ASSET MANAGEMENT

Asset management fees are generally recognized over the period that the related service is provided based upon average net asset values. In certain circumstances, the firm is entitled to receive incentive fees when the return on assets under management exceeds certain benchmark returns or other performance targets. Incentive fees are generally based on investment performance over a twelve-month period and are not subject to adjustment once the measurement period ends. Accordingly, incentive fees are recognized in the consolidated statements of earnings when the measurement period ends. Asset management fees and incentive fees are included in “Asset management and securities services” in the consolidated statements of earnings.

MERCHANT BANKING OVERRIDES

The firm is entitled to receive merchant banking overrides (i.e., an increased share of a fund’s income and gains) when the return on the funds’ investments exceeds certain threshold returns. Overrides are based on investment performance over the life of each merchant banking fund, and future investment underperformance may require amounts previously distributed to the firm to be returned to the funds. Accordingly, overrides are recognized in the consolidated statements of earnings only when all material contingencies have been resolved. Overrides are included in “Trading and principal investments” in the consolidated statements of earnings.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The firm defines cash equivalents as highly liquid overnight deposits held in the ordinary course of business.

Goodwill

Goodwill is the cost of acquired companies in excess of the fair value of identifiable net assets at acquisition date. Prior to December 1, 2001, goodwill was amortized over periods of 15 to 20 years on a straight-line basis. Effective December 1, 2001, the firm adopted SFAS No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets”; consequently, goodwill is no longer amortized but, instead, is tested at least annually for impairment. An impairment loss is triggered if the estimated fair value of an operating segment is less than its estimated net book value. Such loss is calculated as the difference between the estimated fair value of goodwill and its carrying value.

Identifiable Intangible Assets

Identifiable intangible assets, which consist primarily of customer lists and specialist rights, are amortized over their useful lives. Identifiable intangible assets are tested for potential impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest that an asset’s or asset group’s carrying value may not be fully recoverable in accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.” An impairment loss, calculated as the difference between the estimated fair value and the carrying value of an asset or asset group, is recognized if the expected undiscounted cash flows relating to the asset or asset group are less than the corresponding carrying value.

Property, Leasehold Improvements and Equipment

Property, leasehold improvements and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization, are included in “Other assets” in the consolidated statements of financial condition. Effective December 1, 2001, the firm changed to the straight-line method of depreciation for certain property, leasehold improvements and equipment placed in service on or after December 1, 2001.

The firm’s depreciation and amortization is generally computed using the methods set forth below:

                 
    PROPERTY AND           CERTAIN INTERNAL USE
    EQUIPMENT   LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS   SOFTWARE COSTS
   
 
 
        TERM OF LEASE GREATER   TERM OF LEASE LESS    
        THAN USEFUL LIFE   THAN USEFUL LIFE    
       
 
   
Placed in service prior to December 1, 2001   Accelerated cost
recovery
  Accelerated cost
recovery
  Straight-line over the term of the lease   Straight-line over the useful life of the asset
                 
Placed in service on or after December 1, 2001   Straight-line over the useful life of the asset   Straight-line over the useful life of the asset   Straight-line over the term of the lease   Straight-line over the useful life of the asset

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT 77

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share (EPS) is calculated by dividing net earnings by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding. Common shares outstanding includes common stock and restricted stock units for which no future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock. Diluted EPS includes the determinants of basic EPS and, in addition, reflects the dilutive effect of the common stock deliverable pursuant to stock options and restricted stock units for which future service is required as a condition to the delivery of the underlying common stock.

Stock-Based Compensation

Effective for fiscal 2003, the firm began to account for stock-based employee compensation in accordance with the fair-value method prescribed by SFAS No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation,” as amended by SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation—Transition and Disclosure,” using the prospective adoption method. Under this method of adoption, compensation expense is recognized over the relevant service period based on the fair value of stock options and restricted stock units granted for fiscal 2003 and future years. No unearned compensation is included in “Shareholders’ equity” for such stock options and restricted stock units granted. Rather, such stock options and restricted stock units are included in “Shareholders’ equity” under SFAS No. 123 when services required from employees in exchange for the awards are rendered and expensed. Adoption of SFAS No. 123 did not have a material effect on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

Compensation expense resulting from stock options and restricted stock units granted for the years ended November 2002, November 2001 and prior years was, and continues to be, accounted for under the intrinsic-value-based method prescribed by APB Opinion No.25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” as permitted by SFAS No. 123. Therefore, no compensation expense was, or will be, recognized for those unmodified stock options issued for years prior to fiscal 2003 that had no intrinsic value on the date of grant. Compensation expense for restricted stock units issued for the years prior to fiscal 2003 was, and continues to be, recognized over the relevant service periods using amortization schedules based on the applicable vesting provisions.

If the firm were to recognize compensation expense over the relevant service period under the fair-value method of SFAS No. 123 with respect to stock options granted for the year ended November 2002 and all prior years, net earnings would have decreased, resulting in pro forma net earnings and EPS as presented below:

                           
      YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
     
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Net earnings, as reported
  $ 3,005     $ 2,114     $ 2,310  
Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense, net of related tax
effects, included in reported net earnings
    458       416       499  
Deduct: Stock-based employee compensation expense, net of related tax effects,
determined under the fair-value method for all awards
    (782 )     (785 )     (844 )
 
   
     
     
 
Pro forma net earnings
  $ 2,681     $ 1,745     $ 1,965  
 
   
     
     
 
EPS, as reported
                       
 
Basic
  $ 6.15     $ 4.27     $ 4.53  
 
Diluted
    5.87       4.03       4.26  
Pro forma EPS
                       
 
Basic
  $ 5.49     $ 3.52     $ 3.86  
 
Diluted
    5.24       3.32       3.63  

78  GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of the firm’s assets and liabilities. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that more likely than not will be realized. The firm’s tax assets and liabilities are presented as a component of “Other assets” and “Other liabilities and accrued expenses,” respectively, in the consolidated statements of financial condition.

Foreign Currency Translation

Assets and liabilities denominated in non-U.S. currencies are translated at rates of exchange prevailing on the date of the consolidated statement of financial condition, and revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange for the fiscal year. Gains or losses on translation of the financial statements of a non-U.S. operation, when the functional currency is other than the U.S. dollar, are included, net of hedges, on the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Hedge effectiveness is assessed based on changes in forward exchange rates; accordingly, forward points are reflected as a component of the currency translation adjustment in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income. Foreign currency remeasurement gains or losses on transactions in non-functional currencies are included in the consolidated statements of earnings.

Recent Accounting Developments

In June 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 146, “Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities.” The statement specifies the accounting for certain employee termination benefits, contract termination costs and costs to consolidate facilities or relocate employees and is effective for exit and disposal activities initiated after December 31, 2002. Adoption of this statement did not have a material effect on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

In November 2002, the FASB issued FIN No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others.” FIN No. 45 specifies the disclosures to be made about obligations under certain issued guarantees and requires a liability to be recognized for the fair value of a guarantee obligation. The recognition and measurement provisions of the interpretation apply prospectively to guarantees issued after December 31, 2002. The firm adopted the disclosure provisions effective beginning with the firm’s first fiscal quarter in 2003. Adoption of the recognition and measurement provisions did not have a material effect on the firm’s financial condition or results of operations. See Note 6 for further information regarding the firm’s commitments, contingencies and guarantees.

In November 2002, the EITF reached a consensus on EITF Issue No. 02-3, which precludes mark-to-market accounting for energy-trading contracts that are not derivatives pursuant to SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” The firm adopted the provisions of EITF Issue No. 02-3 related to energy-trading contracts as of the beginning of the first quarter of fiscal 2003, and the effect of adoption was not material to the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. EITF Issue No. 02-3 also communicates the FASB staff’s view that the transaction price for a derivative contract is the best information available to estimate fair value at the inception of a contract when the estimate is not based on other observable market data. The application of the FASB staff’s view did not have a material effect on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

As discussed above in “—Basis of Presentation,” in January 2003, the FASB issued FIN No. 46 and, in December 2003, the FASB issued FIN No. 46-R. The effect of the firm’s adoption of FIN No. 46 and the early application of FIN No. 46-R to certain structures was not material to the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. Management is still evaluating the effect of full adoption of FIN No. 46-R for the firm’s second quarter of fiscal 2004, but does not currently expect full adoption to have a material effect on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

In April 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, “Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” SFAS No. 149 amends and clarifies the accounting for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities. In addition, the statement clarifies when a contract is a derivative and when a derivative contains a financing component that warrants special reporting in the statement of cash flows. As required, the firm adopted SFAS No. 149 prospectively for contracts entered into or modified, and hedging relationships designated, after June 30, 2003. Adoption did not have a material effect on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

In May 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, “Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of both Liabilities and Equity.” SFAS No.150 establishes standards for how an issuer classifies and measures certain financial instruments with characteristics of both liabilities and equity and imposes certain

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT  79

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

additional disclosure requirements. The provisions of SFAS No. 150 are generally effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003, except for those provisions relating to noncontrolling interests that have been deferred. As required, the firm adopted the applicable provisions of SFAS No. 150 to all financial instruments at the beginning of the firm’s fourth quarter of fiscal 2003. Adoption did not have a material effect on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. If the deferred provisions are finalized in their current form, management does not expect adoption to have a material effect on the firm’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

NOTE 3

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Financial instruments, including both cash instruments and derivatives, are used to manage market risk, facilitate customer transactions, engage in proprietary transactions and meet financing objectives. These instruments can be either executed on an exchange or negotiated in the OTC market.

In December 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 132 (revised 2003), “Employers’ Disclosures about Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits.” SFAS No. 132 revises employers’ disclosures about pension plans and other postretirement benefits by requiring additional disclosures such as descriptions of the types of plan assets, investment strategies, measurement dates, plan obligations, cash flows and components of net periodic benefit costs recognized during interim periods. The statement does not change the measurement or recognition of the plans. Interim period disclosure is generally effective for the firm’s second quarter of 2004. Required annual disclosure is effective for the firm’s fiscal year ending 2004.

Transactions involving financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, generally entail obligations to purchase financial instruments at future dates. The firm may incur a loss if the market value of the financial instrument subsequently increases prior to the purchase of the instrument.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table sets forth the firm’s financial instruments owned, including those pledged as collateral, at fair value, and financial instruments sold, but not yet purchased, at fair value:
                                   
      AS OF NOVEMBER
     
      2003   2002
     
 
(IN MILLIONS)   ASSETS   LIABILITIES   ASSETS   LIABILITIES

 
 
 
 
Commercial paper, certificates of deposit, time deposits and other money market instruments
  $ 4,987     $     $ 1,092     $  
U.S. government, federal agency and sovereign obligations
    36,634       34,003       36,053       22,272  
Corporate and other debt obligations
                               
 
Mortgage whole loans and collateralized debt obligations
    11,768       363       8,292       738  
 
Investment-grade corporate bonds
    9,862       4,641       7,959       4,607  
 
Bank loans
    6,706       264       4,289       401  
 
High-yield securities
    4,817       1,394       1,944       940  
 
Preferred stock
    3,822       163       1,543       70  
 
Other
    569       157       1,398       146  
 
   
     
     
     
 
 
    37,544       6,982       25,425       6,902  
Equities and convertible debentures
    35,006       19,651       23,624       14,398  
State, municipal and provincial obligations
    459             715        
Derivative contracts
    45,733       41,886       42,205       38,921  
Physical commodities
    356       177       661       980  
 
   
     
     
     
 
Total
  $ 160,719     $ 102,699     $ 129,775     $ 83,473  
 
   
     
     
     
 

80 GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Credit Concentrations

Credit concentrations may arise from trading, underwriting and securities borrowing activities and may be impacted by changes in economic, industry or political factors. As of both November 2003 and November 2002, the firm held U.S. government and federal agency obligations that represented 6% of the firm’s total assets. In addition, most of the firm’s securities purchased under agreements to resell are collateralized by U.S. government, federal agency and other sovereign obligations. As of November 2003 and November 2002, the firm did not have credit exposure to any other counterparty that exceeded 5% of the firm’s total assets.

Derivative Activities

Derivative contracts are instruments, such as futures, forwards, swaps or option contracts, that derive their value from underlying assets, indices, reference rates or a combination of these factors. Derivative instruments may be privately negotiated contracts, which are often referred to as OTC derivatives, or they may be listed and traded on an exchange. Derivatives may involve future commitments to purchase or sell financial instruments or commodities, or to exchange currency or interest payment streams. The amounts exchanged are based on the specific terms of the contract with reference to specified rates, securities, commodities, currencies or indices.

Certain cash instruments, such as mortgage-backed securities, interest-only and principal-only obligations, and indexed debt instruments, are not considered derivatives even though their values or contractually required cash flows are derived from the price of some other security or index. However, certain commodity-related contracts are included in the firm’s derivatives disclosure, as these contracts may be settled in cash or are readily convertible into cash.

Most of the firm’s derivative transactions are entered into for trading purposes. The firm uses derivatives in its trading activities to facilitate customer transactions, to take proprietary positions and as a means of risk management. Risk exposures are managed through diversification, by controlling position sizes and by establishing hedges in related securities or derivatives. For example, the firm may hedge a portfolio of common stock by taking an offsetting position in a related equity-index futures contract. Gains and losses on derivatives used for trading purposes are generally included in “Trading and principal investments” in the consolidated statements of earnings.

The firm also enters into derivative contracts to manage the interest rate, currency and equity-linked exposure on its long-term borrowings. These derivatives generally include interest rate futures contracts, interest rate swap agreements, currency swap agreements and equity-linked contracts, which are primarily utilized to convert a substantial portion of the firm’s long-term debt into U.S. dollar-based floating rate obligations. Certain interest rate swap contracts are designated as fair-value hedges. The gains and losses associated with the ineffective portion of these fair-value hedges are included in “Trading and principal investments” in the consolidated statements of earnings and were not material for the years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001.

Derivative contracts are reported on a net-by-counterparty basis in the firm’s consolidated statements of financial condition when management believes a legal right of setoff exists under an enforceable netting agreement. The fair value of derivative financial instruments, computed in accordance with the firm’s netting policy, is set forth below:
                                 
    AS OF NOVEMBER
   
    2003   2002
   
 
(IN MILLIONS)   ASSETS   LIABILITIES   ASSETS   LIABILITIES

 
 
 
 
Forward settlement contracts
  $ 8,134     $ 9,271     $ 4,293     $ 4,602  
Swap agreements
    25,471       17,317       22,426       18,516  
Option contracts
    12,128       15,298       15,486       15,803  
 
   
     
     
     
 
Total
  $ 45,733     $ 41,886     $ 42,205     $ 38,921  
 
   
     
     
     
 

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT 81

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Securitization Activities

The firm securitizes commercial and residential mortgages, home equity loans, government and corporate bonds, and other types of financial assets. The firm acts as underwriter of the beneficial interests that are sold to investors. The firm derecognizes financial assets transferred in securitizations provided it has relinquished control over such assets. Transferred assets are accounted for at fair value prior to securitization. Net revenues related to these underwriting activities are recognized in connection with the sales of the underlying beneficial interests to investors.

The firm may retain interests in securitized financial assets, which it generally attempts to sell as quickly as possible, subject to prevailing market conditions. Retained interests are accounted for at fair value and included in “Total financial instruments owned, at fair value” in the consolidated statements of financial condition.

During the years ended November 2003 and November 2002, the firm securitized $95.00 billion and $107.05 billion, respectively, of financial assets, including $70.89 billion and $89.33 billion, respectively, of agency mortgage-backed securities. Cash flows received on retained interests and other securitization cash flows were approximately $1 billion and $534 million for the years ended November 2003 and November 2002, respectively. As of November 2003, the firm held $3.20 billion of retained interests, including $3.04 billion held in QSPEs.

The fair value of $1.05 billion of retained interests was based on quoted market prices in active markets. The following table sets forth the weighted average key economic assumptions used in measuring the fair value of $2.15 billion of retained interests for which fair value is based on alternative pricing sources with reasonable, little or no price transparency and the sensitivity of those fair values to immediate adverse changes of 10% and 20% in those assumptions:
                     
        AS OF NOVEMBER 2003
       
        TYPE OF RETAINED INTERESTS
       
($ IN MILLIONS)   MORTGAGE-BACKED   OTHER ASSET-BACKED(3)

 
 
Fair value of retained interests
           $ 1,199     $ 954  
Weighted average life (years)
    3.8       3.4  
         
Annual constant prepayment rate
    22.0 %     N/A  
   
Impact of 10% adverse change
  $ (3 )   $  
   
Impact of 20% adverse change
    (7 )      
         
Annual credit losses(1)
    2.9 %     1.3 %
   
Impact of 10% adverse change(2)
  $ (11 )   $ (6 )
   
Impact of 20% adverse change(2)
    (19 )     (11 )
         
Annual discount rate
    15.0 %     8.3 %
   
Impact of 10% adverse change
  $ (27 )   $ (6 )
   
Impact of 20% adverse change
    (51 )     (11 )


(1)   Annual percentage credit loss is based only on positions in which expected credit loss is a key assumption in the determination of fair values.
 
(2)   The impacts of adverse change take into account credit mitigants incorporated in the retained interests, including over-collateralization and subordination provisions.
 
(3)   Includes retained interests in government and corporate bonds and other types of financial assets that are not subject to prepayment risk.

The preceding table does not give effect to the offsetting benefit of other financial instruments that are held to hedge risks inherent in these retained interests. Changes in fair value based on a 10% adverse variation in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship of the change in assumptions to the change in fair value is not usually linear. In addition, the impact of a change in a particular assumption is calculated independently of changes in any other assumption. In practice, simultaneous changes in assumptions might magnify or counteract the sensitivities disclosed above.

In addition to the retained interests described above, the firm also held interests in QSPEs, primarily agency mortgage-backed securities, purchased in connection with secondary market-making activities. These purchased interests approximated $6 billion and $3 billion as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively.

82 GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

In connection with the issuance of asset-repackaged notes to investors, the firm had derivative receivables from QSPEs, to which the firm has transferred assets, with a fair value of $188 million and $222 million as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively. These receivables are collateralized by a first-priority interest in the assets held by each QSPE. Accordingly, the firm views these derivative receivables in the same manner as other segregated collateral arrangements from a credit perspective.

Variable Interest Entities (VIEs)

The firm, in the ordinary course of its business, retains interests in VIEs in connection with its securitization activities. The firm also purchases and sells variable interests in VIEs, primarily mortgage-backed and asset-backed interests, in connection with its market-making activities and makes investments in and loans to VIEs that hold performing and nonperforming debt, real estate and other assets. In addition, the firm utilizes VIEs to provide investors with credit-linked and asset-repackaged notes designed to meet their objectives.

VIEs generally purchase assets by issuing debt and equity instruments and through other contractual arrangements. In certain instances, the firm has provided guarantees to certain VIEs or holders of variable interests in these VIEs. In such cases, the maximum exposure to loss included in the tables set forth below is the notional amount of such guarantees. Such amounts do not represent anticipated losses in connection with these guarantees. The firm’s variable interests in these VIEs include senior and subordinated debt; limited and general partnership interests; preferred and common stock; interest rate, foreign currency, equity, commodity and credit derivatives; guarantees; and residual interests in mortgage-backed and asset-backed securitization vehicles. Group Inc. generally is not directly or indirectly obligated to repay the debt and equity instruments and contractual arrangements entered into by these VIEs.

The following table sets forth the firm’s total assets and maximum exposure to loss associated with its significant variable interests in consolidated, asset-backed VIEs:
                 
    AS OF NOVEMBER
   
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002

 
 
VIE assets(1)
  $ 1,832     $ 1,746  
Maximum exposure to loss
    145       270  


(1)   Consolidated VIE assets include assets financed by nonrecourse short-term and long-term debt. Nonrecourse debt is debt that Group Inc. is not directly or indirectly obligated to repay
  through a guarantee, general partnership interest or contractual arrangement.

The following table sets forth the firm’s total assets and maximum exposure to loss associated with its significant variable interests in nonconsolidated VIEs:
                                                   
                        AS OF NOVEMBER 2003
   
                        MAXIMUM EXPOSURE TO LOSS
             
    VIE     PURCHASED                   LOANS AND        
(IN MILLIONS)   ASSETS     INTERESTS        GUARANTEES        DERIVATIVES        INVESTMENTS        TOTAL

 
   
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed
  $ 1,648       $ 24     $     $     $ 507     $ 531  
Other asset-backed
    6,617         65       236       100       920       1,321  
 
   
       
     
     
     
     
 
Total
  $ 8,265       $ 89     $ 236     $ 100     $ 1,427     $ 1,852  
 
   
       
     
     
     
     
 
 
                        AS OF NOVEMBER 2002
   
                        MAXIMUM EXPOSURE TO LOSS
             
    VIE     PURCHASED                   LOANS AND        
(IN MILLIONS)   ASSETS     INTERESTS   GUARANTEES   DERIVATIVES   INVESTMENTS   TOTAL

 
   
 
 
 
 
Mortgage-backed
  $ 3,102       $ 148     $     $     $     $ 148  
Other asset-backed
    5,614         292             137       318       747  
 
   
       
     
     
     
     
 
Total
  $ 8,716       $ 440     $     $ 137     $ 318     $ 895  
 
   
       
     
     
     
     
 

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT 83

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Secured Borrowing and Lending Activities

The firm obtains secured short-term financing principally through the use of repurchase agreements and securities lending agreements to obtain securities for settlement, to finance inventory positions and to meet customers’ needs. In these transactions, the firm either provides or receives collateral, including U.S. government, federal agency, mortgage-backed, investment-grade foreign sovereign obligations and equity securities.

The firm receives collateral in connection with resale agreements, securities lending transactions, derivative transactions, customer margin loans and other secured lending activities. In many cases, the firm is permitted to sell or repledge securities held as collateral. These securities may be used to secure repurchase agreements, enter into securities lending or derivative transactions, or cover short positions. As of November 2003 and November 2002, the fair value of securities received as collateral by the firm that it was permitted to sell or repledge was $410.01 billion and $316.31 billion, respectively, of which the firm sold or repledged $350.57 billion and $272.49 billion, respectively.

The firm also pledges its own assets to collateralize repurchase agreements and other secured financings. As of November 2003 and November 2002, the carrying value of securities included in “Financial instruments owned, at fair value” that had been loaned or pledged to counter-parties that did not have the right to sell or repledge was $47.39 billion and $34.66 billion, respectively.

NOTE 4

SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS

The firm obtains unsecured short-term borrowings through issuance of promissory notes, commercial paper and bank loans. Short-term borrowings also include the portion of long-term borrowings maturing within one year and certain long-term borrowings that may be payable within one year at the option of the holder. The carrying value of these short-term obligations approximates fair value due to their short-term nature.

Short-term borrowings are set forth below:

                 
    AS OF NOVEMBER
   
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002

 
 
Promissory notes
  $ 24,119     $ 20,433  
Commercial paper
    4,767       9,463  
Bank loans and other
    8,183       4,948  
Current portion of long-term borrowings
    7,133       5,794  
 
   
     
 
Total(1)
  $ 44,202     $ 40,638  
 
   
     
 


(1)   As of November 2003 and November 2002, the weighted average interest rates for short-term borrowings, including commercial paper, were 1.48% and 2.09%, respectively.

NOTE 5

LONG-TERM BORROWINGS

Long-term borrowings are set forth below:

                   
      AS OF NOVEMBER
     
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002

 
 
Fixed rate obligations(1)
               
 
U.S. dollar
  $ 28,242     $ 19,550  
 
Non-U.S. dollar
    8,703       4,407  
Floating rate obligations(2)
               
 
U.S. dollar
    13,269       10,175  
 
Non-U.S. dollar
    7,268       4,579  
 
 
   
     
 
Total
  $ 57,482     $ 38,711  
 
 
   
     
 


(1)   During 2003 and 2002, interest rates on U.S. dollar fixed rate obligations ranged from 4.13% to 12.00% and from 5.50% to 12.00%, respectively. During 2003 and 2002, interest
  rates on non-U.S. dollar fixed rate obligations ranged from 0.70% to 8.88% and from 1.20% to 8.88%, respectively.
 
(2)   Floating interest rates generally are based on LIBOR, the U.S. Treasury bill rate or the federal funds rate. Certain equity-linked and indexed instruments are included in floating rate
  obligations.

As of November 2003, long-term borrowings included nonrecourse debt of $5.4 billion, consisting of $3.2 billion issued during the year by William Street Funding Corporation (Funding Corp) (a wholly owned subsidiary of Group Inc. formed to raise funding to support loan commitments made by another wholly owned William Street entity to investment-grade clients), $1.6 billion issued by consolidated VIEs and $0.6 billion issued by other consolidated entities, primarily associated with the firm’s ownership of East Coast Power L.L.C. As of November 2002, long-term borrowings included nonrecourse debt of $530 million issued by consolidated VIEs. Nonrecourse debt is debt that Group Inc. is not directly or indirectly obligated to repay through a guarantee, general partnership interest or contractual arrangement.

84 GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Long-term borrowings by fiscal maturity date are set forth below:

                                                 
    AS OF NOVEMBER
   
    2003(1)(2)(3)   2002(2)
   
 
    U.S.   NON-U.S.           U.S.   NON-U.S.        
(IN MILLIONS)   DOLLAR   DOLLAR   TOTAL   DOLLAR   DOLLAR   TOTAL

 
 
 
 
 
 
2004
  $     $     $     $ 6,846     $ 184     $ 7,030  
2005
    7,854       4,598       12,452       5,804       3,075       8,879  
2006
    6,133       1,576       7,709       1,575       1,020       2,595  
2007
    1,274       564       1,838       1,094       953       2,047  
2008
    3,105       2,546       5,651       239       593       832  
2009-thereafter
    23,145       6,687       29,832       14,167       3,161       17,328  
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
Total
  $ 41,511     $ 15,971     $ 57,482     $ 29,725     $ 8,986     $ 38,711  
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 


(1)   Long-term borrowings maturing within one year and certain long-term borrowings that may be redeemable within one year at the option of the holder are included as short-term
  borrowings in the consolidated statements of financial condition.
 
(2)   Long-term borrowings repayable at the option of the firm are reflected at their contractual maturity dates. Certain long-term borrowings redeemable prior to maturity at the option of the
  holder are reflected at the date such options first become exercisable.
 
(3)   Long-term borrowings have maturities that range from one to 30 years from the date of issue.

The firm enters into derivative contracts, such as interest rate futures contracts, interest rate swap agreements, currency swap agreements and equity-linked contracts, to effectively convert a substantial portion of its long-term borrowings into U.S. dollar-based floating rate obligations. Accordingly, the aggregate carrying value of these long-term borrowings and related hedges approximates fair value.

The effective weighted average interest rates for long-term borrowings, after hedging activities, are set forth below:

                                 
    AS OF NOVEMBER
   
    2003   2002
   
 
($ IN MILLIONS)   AMOUNT   RATE   AMOUNT   RATE

 
 
 
 
Fixed rate obligations
  $ 1,517       7.43 %   $ 1,057       8.35 %
Floating rate obligations
    55,965       1.79       37,654       2.24  
 
   
             
         
Total
  $ 57,482       1.94     $ 38,711       2.40  
 
   
     
     
     
 

NOTE 6

COMMITMENTS, CONTINGENCIES AND GUARANTEES

Commitments

The firm had commitments to enter into forward secured financing transactions, including certain repurchase and resale agreements and secured borrowing and lending arrangements, of $35.25 billion and $40.04 billion as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively.

In connection with its lending activities, the firm had outstanding commitments of $15.83 billion and $9.41 billion as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively. The firm’s commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to counterparties that have fixed termination dates and are contingent on all conditions to borrowing set forth in the contract having been met. Since these commitments may expire unused, the total commitment amount does not necessarily reflect the actual future cash flow requirements. As of November 2003, $4.32 billion of the firm’s outstanding commitments have been issued through the William Street credit extension program.(1) Substantially all of the credit risk associated

(1)   These commitments were primarily issued through William Street Commitment Corporation (Commitment Corp), a consolidated wholly owned subsidiary of Group Inc. Another consolidated wholly owned subsidiary, Funding Corp, was formed to raise funding to support the William Street credit extension program. Commitment Corp and Funding Corp are each separate corporate entities, with assets and liabilities that are legally separated from the other assets and liabilities of the firm. Accordingly, the assets of Commitment Corp and of Funding Corp will not be available to their respective shareholders until the claims of their respective creditors have been paid. In addition, no affiliate of either Commitment Corp or Funding Corp, except in limited cases as expressly agreed in writing, is responsible for any obligation of either entity.

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT 85

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

with these commitments has been hedged through credit loss protection provided by SMFG. The firm has also hedged the credit risk of certain non-William Street commitments using a variety of other financial instruments.

The firm provides letters of credit issued by various banks to counterparties in lieu of securities or cash to satisfy various collateral and margin deposit requirements. Letters of credit outstanding were $12.60 billion and $11.63 billion as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively.

The firm acts as an investor in merchant banking transactions, which includes making long-term investments in equity and debt securities in privately negotiated transactions, corporate acquisitions and real estate transactions. In connection with these activities, the firm had commitments to invest up to $1.38 billion and $1.46 billion in corporate and real estate investment funds as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively.

The firm had construction-related commitments of $87 million and $301 million as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively, and other purchase commitments of $255 million and $23 million as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively.

The firm has obligations under long-term noncancelable lease agreements, principally for office space, expiring on various dates through 2029. Certain agreements are subject to periodic escalation provisions for increases in real estate taxes and other charges. Future minimum rental payments, net of minimum sublease rentals, and rent charged to operating expense for the last three years are set forth below:

           
(IN MILLIONS)        

Minimum rental payments
       
 
2004
  $ 422  
 
2005
    349  
 
2006
    339  
 
2007
    304  
 
2008
    288  
 
2009-thereafter
    2,220  
 
 
   
 
Total
  $ 3,922  
 
 
   
 
Net rent expense
       
 
2001
  $ 299  
 
2002
    359  
 
2003
    360  

Contingencies

The firm is involved in a number of judicial, regulatory and arbitration proceedings concerning matters arising in connection with the conduct of its businesses. Management believes, based on currently available information, that the results of such proceedings, in the aggregate, will not have a material adverse effect on the firm’s financial condition, but may be material to the firm’s operating results for any particular period, depending, in part, upon the operating results for such period.

Guarantees

The firm enters into various derivative contracts that meet the definition of a guarantee under FIN No. 45. Such derivative contracts include credit default swaps, written equity and commodity put options, written currency contracts and interest rate caps, floors and swaptions. FIN No. 45 does not require disclosures about derivative contracts if such contracts may be cash settled and the firm has no basis to conclude it is probable that the counterparties held, at inception, the underlying instruments related to the derivative contracts. The firm has concluded that these conditions have been met, for certain large, internationally active commercial and investment banks and end users. Accordingly, the firm has not included such contracts in the table below.

The firm, in its capacity as an agency lender, occasionally indemnifies securities lending customers against losses incurred in the event that borrowers do not return securities and the collateral held is insufficient to cover the market value of the securities borrowed. In relation to certain asset sales and securitization transactions, the firm guarantees the collection of contractual cash flows. In connection with fund management activities, the firm may issue loan guarantees to secure financing and to obtain preferential investment terms. In addition, the firm provides letters of credit and other guarantees, on a limited basis, to enable clients to enhance their credit standing and complete transactions.

86 GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table sets forth certain information about the firm’s derivative contracts that meet the definition of a guarantee and certain other guarantees as of November 2003:

                                                   
              MAXIMUM PAYOUT/NOTIONAL AMOUNT BY PERIOD OF EXPIRATION(3)
             
    CARRYING             2005-   2007-   2009-        
(IN MILLIONS)   VALUE     2004   2006   2008   THEREAFTER   TOTAL

 
   
 
 
 
 
Derivatives(1)
  $ 7,639       $ 216,038     $ 87,843     $ 126,385     $ 163,721     $ 593,987  
Securities lending indemnifications(2)
            7,955                         7,955  
Guarantees of the collection of contractual cash flows
    16         827       708       3       5       1,543  
Fund-related commitments
            44       20       2       2       68  
Letters of credit and other guarantees
    89         89       25       1       82       197  


(1)   The carrying value of $7.64 billion excludes the effect of a legal right of setoff that may exist under an enforceable netting agreement.
 
(2)   Collateral held in connection with these securities lending indemnifications was $8.23 billion as of November 2003.
 
(3)   Such amounts do not represent anticipated losses in connection with these contracts.

In the normal course of its business, the firm indemnifies and guarantees certain service providers, such as clearing and custody agents, trustees and administrators, against specified potential losses in connection with their acting as an agent of, or providing services to, the firm or its affiliates. The firm also indemnifies some clients against potential losses incurred in the event specified third-party service providers, including subcustodians and third-party brokers, improperly execute transactions. In addition, the firm is a member of payment, clearing and settlement networks as well as securities exchanges around the world that may require the firm to meet the obligations of such networks and exchanges in the event of member defaults. In connection with its prime brokerage and clearing businesses, the firm may agree to clear and settle on behalf of its clients the transactions entered into by them with other brokerage firms. The firm’s obligations in respect of such transactions are secured by the assets in the client’s account as well as any proceeds received from the transactions cleared and settled by the firm on behalf of the client. The firm is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum payout under these guarantees and indemnifications. However, management believes that it is unlikely the firm will have to make material payments under these arrangements, and no liabilities related to these guarantees and indemnifications have been recognized in the consolidated statement of financial condition as of November 2003.

The firm provides representations and warranties to counterparties in connection with a variety of commercial transactions and occasionally indemnifies them against potential losses caused by the breach of those representations and warranties. The firm may also provide indemnifications protecting against changes in or adverse application of certain U.S. tax laws in connection with ordinary-course transactions such as securities issuances, borrowings or derivatives. In addition, the firm may provide indemnifications to some counterparties to protect them in the event additional taxes are owed or payments are withheld, due either to a change in or an adverse application of certain non-U.S. tax laws. These indemnifications generally are standard contractual terms and are entered into in the normal course of business. Generally, there are no stated or notional amounts included in these indemnifications, and the contingencies triggering the obligation to indemnify are not expected to occur. The firm is unable to develop an estimate of the maximum payout under these guarantees. However, management believes that it is unlikely the firm will have to make material payments under these arrangements, and no liabilities related to these arrangements have been recognized in the consolidated statement of financial condition as of November 2003.

NOTE 7

SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividends declared per common share were $0.74 in 2003 and $0.48 in each of 2002 and 2001. On December 17, 2003, the Board of Directors of Group Inc. declared a dividend of $0.25 per share to be paid on February 26, 2004 to common shareholders of record on January 27, 2004.

During 2003 and 2002, the firm repurchased 12.2 million shares and 19.4 million shares of the firm’s common stock, respectively. The average price paid per share for repurchased shares was $76.83 and $76.49 for the years ended November 2003 and November 2002, respectively. As of November 2003, the firm was authorized to repurchase up to 8.6 million additional shares of common stock pursuant to the firm’s common stock repurchase program.

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT 87

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 8

EARNINGS PER SHARE

The computations of basic and diluted EPS are set forth below:
                         
    YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
   
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Numerator for basic and diluted EPS — earnings available to common shareholders
  $ 3,005     $ 2,114     $ 2,310  
Denominator for basic EPS — weighted average number of common shares
    488.4       495.6       509.7  
Effect of dilutive securities
    Restricted stock units
    16.0       22.1       22.0  
    Stock options
    7.5       7.4       10.1  
 
   
     
     
 
Dilutive potential common shares
    23.5       29.5       32.1  
Denominator for diluted EPS — weighted average number of common shares and dilutive potential common shares(1)
    511.9       525.1       541.8  
 
   
     
     
 
Basic EPS
  $ 6.15     $ 4.27     $ 4.53  
Diluted EPS
    5.87       4.03       4.26  


(1)   The diluted EPS computations do not include the antidilutive effect of the following options:
                           
      YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
     
  (IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002   2001
 
 
 
 
 
Number of antidilutive options
    27       28       1  

NOTE 9

GOODWILL AND IDENTIFIABLE INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

As of November 2003 and November 2002, goodwill of $3.16 billion and $2.86 billion, respectively, was included in “Other assets” in the consolidated statements of financial condition. Prior to December 1, 2001, goodwill was amortized over periods of 15 to 20 years on a straight-line basis.

The following table sets forth reported net earnings and EPS, as adjusted to exclude goodwill amortization expense:
           
(IN MILLIONS, EXCEPT PER SHARE AMOUNTS)   YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
2001

 
Net earnings, as reported
  $ 2,310  
Net earnings, as adjusted
    2,404  
EPS, as reported
       
 
Basic
  $ 4.53  
 
Diluted
    4.26  
EPS, as adjusted
       
 
Basic
  $ 4.72  
 
Diluted
    4.44  

88 GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Identifiable Intangible Assets

The following table sets forth the gross carrying amount, accumulated amortization and net carrying amount of identifiable intangible assets:

                         
            AS OF NOVEMBER
           
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002

 
 
Customer lists(1)
  Gross carrying amount(3)
  $ 1,021     $ 859  
 
  Accumulated amortization
    (141 )     (94 )
 
           
     
 
    Net carrying amount
  $ 880     $ 765  
 
           
     
 
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) specialist rights
  Gross carrying amount
  $ 714     $ 717  
 
  Accumulated amortization
    (78 )     (51 )
 
           
     
 
 
  Net carrying amount
  $ 636     $ 666  
 
           
     
 
Option and exchange-traded fund (ETF) specialist rights
  Gross carrying amount
  $ 312     $ 312  
 
  Accumulated amortization
    (182 )     (21 )
 
           
     
 
 
  Net carrying amount
  $ 130     $ 291  
 
           
     
 
Other(2)
  Gross carrying amount
  $ 351     $ 351  
 
  Accumulated amortization
    (177 )     (93 )
 
           
     
 
 
  Net carrying amount
  $ 174     $ 258  
 
           
     
 
Total
  Gross carrying amount(3)   $ 2,398     $ 2,239  
 
  Accumulated amortization
    (578 )(4)     (259 )
 
           
     
 
 
  Net carrying amount
  $ 1,820     $ 1,980  
 
           
     
 

(1)   Primarily includes the firm’s clearance and execution and Nasdaq customer lists acquired in the firm’s combination with SLK and financial counseling customer lists acquired in the
  firm’s combination with The Ayco Company, L.P.
(2)   Includes primarily technology-related assets acquired in the firm’s combination with SLK.
(3)   Gross carrying amount includes additions of $162 million and $147 million for the years ended November 2003 and November 2002, respectively.
(4)   For the year ended November 2003, accumulated amortization includes $188 million of impairment charges primarily related to option specialist rights.

Identifiable intangible assets are amortized over a weighted average life of approximately 18 years. There were no identifiable intangible assets that were considered to be indefinite-lived and, therefore, not subject to amortization.

Amortization expense associated with identifiable intangible assets was $319 million (including $188 million of impairment charges), $127 million and $115 million for the fiscal years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001, respectively.

Estimated future amortization expense for existing identifiable intangible assets is set forth below:
         
(IN MILLIONS)
2004
  $ 123  
2005
    123  
2006
    123  
2007
    118  
2008
    91  

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT 89

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 10

OTHER ASSETS AND OTHER LIABILITIES

Other assets are generally less liquid, nonfinancial assets. The following table sets forth the firm’s other assets by type:
                 
    AS OF NOVEMBER
   
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002

 
 
Goodwill and identifiable intangible assets(1)
  $ 4,982     $ 4,839  
Property, leasehold improvements and equipment
    3,527       3,460  
Equity-method investments and joint ventures
    2,159       649  
Miscellaneous receivables and other
    1,463       1,469  
Net deferred tax assets(2)
    1,420       1,549  
Prepaid assets and deposits
    376       333  
 
   
     
 
Total
  $ 13,927     $ 12,299  
 
   
     
 


(1)   See Note 9 for further information regarding the firm’s goodwill and identifiable intangible assets.

(2)   See Note 13 for further information regarding the firm’s income taxes.

Other liabilities and accrued expenses primarily includes compensation and benefits, minority interest in certain consolidated entities, litigation liabilities, tax-related payables, deferred revenue and other payables. The following table sets forth the firm’s other liabilities and accrued expenses by type:
                 
    AS OF NOVEMBER
   
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002

 
 
Compensation and benefits
  $ 3,956     $ 3,194  
Accrued expenses and other payables
    2,907       2,572  
Minority interest
    1,281       236  
 
   
     
 
Total
  $ 8,144     $ 6,002  
 
   
     
 

NOTE 11

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

The firm sponsors various pension plans and certain other postretirement benefit plans, primarily healthcare and life insurance, which cover most employees worldwide. The firm also provides certain benefits to former or inactive employees prior to retirement. A summary of these plans is set forth below.

Defined Benefit Pension Plans and Postretirement Plans

The firm maintains a defined benefit pension plan for substantially all U.S. employees. Employees of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries participate in various local defined benefit plans. These plans generally provide benefits based on years of credited service and a percentage of the employee’s eligible compensation. In addition, the firm has unfunded postretirement benefit plans that provide medical and life insurance for eligible retirees, employees and dependents in the United States.

90  GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The following table provides a summary of the changes in the plans’ benefit obligations and the fair value of assets for November 2003 and November 2002 and a statement of the funded status of the plans as of November 2003 and November 2002:

                                                   
      AS OF OR FOR YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
     
      2003   2002
     
 
      U.S.   NON-U.S.   POST-   U.S.   NON-U.S.   POST-
(IN MILLIONS)   PENSION   PENSION   RETIREMENT   PENSION   PENSION   RETIREMENT

 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligation
                                               
 
Balance, beginning of year
  $ 162     $ 245     $ 184     $ 140     $ 184     $ 84  
 
Business combination
    75             1                    
 
Service cost
    8       41       8       6       37       8  
 
Interest cost
    13       12       12       10       9       9  
 
Plan amendments
                            1       40  
 
Actuarial loss/(gain)
    39       22       (3 )     8       7       50  
 
Benefits paid
    (3 )     (13 )     (6 )     (2 )     (9 )     (7 )
 
Effect of foreign exchange rates
          28                   16        
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
Balance, end of year
  $ 294     $ 335     $ 196     $ 162     $ 245     $ 184  
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
Fair value of plan assets
                                               
 
Balance, beginning of year
  $ 167     $ 206     $     $ 138     $ 164     $ 12  
 
Business combination
    45                                
 
Actual return on plan assets
    31       27             (14 )     (21 )     (1 )
 
Firm contributions
    37       58       6       45       56       7  
 
Benefits paid
    (3 )     (13 )     (6 )     (2 )     (9 )     (7 )
 
Other distributions
                                  (11 )
 
Effect of foreign exchange rates
          26                   16        
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
Balance, end of year
  $ 277     $ 304     $     $ 167     $ 206     $  
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
Prepaid/(accrued) benefit cost
                                               
 
Funded status
  $ (17 )   $ (31 )   $ (196 )   $ 5     $ (39 )   $ (184 )
 
Unrecognized loss
    90       89       56       72       79       62  
 
Unrecognized transition (asset)/obligation
    (26 )     15       2       (28 )     15       1  
 
Unrecognized prior service cost
          3       22             4       31  
 
Adjustment to recognize additional minimum liability
                            (1 )      
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
Prepaid/(accrued) benefit cost
  $ 47     $ 76     $ (116 )   $ 49     $ 58     $ (90 )
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 

The accumulated benefit obligation for all defined benefit plans was $560 million and $356 million as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively.

For plans in which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeded plan assets, the aggregate projected benefit obligation and accumulated benefit obligation was $160 million and $139 million, respectively, as of November 2003, and $72 million and $55 million, respectively, as of November 2002. The fair value of plan assets for each of these plans was $97 million and $39 million as of November 2003 and November 2002, respectively.

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT  91

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The components of pension expense/(income) and postretirement expense are set forth below:

                           
      YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
     
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
U.S. pension
                       
 
Service cost
  $ 8     $ 6     $ 4  
 
Interest cost
    13       10       9  
 
Expected return on plan assets
    (16 )     (12 )     (12 )
 
Net amortization
    5       (2 )     (3 )
 
   
     
     
 
Total
  $ 10     $ 2     $ (2 )
 
   
     
     
 
Non-U.S. pension
                       
 
Service cost
  $ 41     $ 37     $ 35  
 
Interest cost
    12       9       7  
 
Expected return on plan assets
    (15 )     (12 )     (9 )
 
Net amortization
    8       4       1  
 
   
     
     
 
Total
  $ 46     $ 38     $ 34  
 
   
     
     
 
Postretirement
                       
 
Service cost
  $ 8     $ 8     $ 6  
 
Interest cost
    12       9       5  
 
Expected return on plan assets
          (1 )     (1 )
 
Net amortization
    11       10        
 
   
     
     
 
Total
  $ 31     $ 26     $ 10  
 
   
     
     
 

The weighted average assumptions used to develop net periodic pension cost and the actuarial present value of the projected benefit obligation are set forth below. These assumptions represent a weighted average of the assumptions used for the U.S. and non-U.S. plans and are based on the economic environment of each applicable country.

                             
        YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
       
        2003   2002   2001
   
 
 
Defined benefit pension plans
                       
 
U.S. pension—projected benefit obligation
                       
 
Discount rate
    6.00 %     6.75 %     7.00 %
 
Rate of increase in future compensation levels
    5.00       5.00       5.00  
 
U.S. pension—net periodic benefit cost
                       
 
Discount rate
    6.59 (1)     7.00       7.50  
 
Rate of increase in future compensation levels
    5.00       5.00       5.00  
 
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets
    8.50       8.50       8.50  
 
Non-U.S. pension—projected benefit obligation
                       
 
Discount rate
    4.76       4.78       4.93  
 
Rate of increase in future compensation levels
    4.37       4.14       4.11  
 
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets
    6.25       5.86       5.74  
   
 
   
     
     
 
Postretirement plans—projected benefit obligation
                       
 
Discount rate
    6.00 %     6.75 %     7.00 %
 
Rate of increase in future compensation levels
    5.00       5.00       5.00  
Postretirement plans—net periodic benefit cost
                       
 
Discount rate
    6.75 (1)     7.00       7.50  
 
Rate of increase in future compensation levels
    5.00       5.00       5.00  
 
Expected long-term rate of return on plan assets
          8.50       8.50  
   
 
   
     
     
 


(1) Includes plan added in connection with business combination.

92 GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The firm’s approach in determining the long-term rate of return for plan assets is based upon historical financial market relationships that have existed over time with the presumption that this trend will generally remain constant in the future.

For measurement purposes, an annual growth rate in the per capita cost of covered healthcare benefits of 14% was assumed for the fiscal year ending November 2004. The rate was assumed to decrease ratably to 5% for the fiscal year ending November 2010 and remain at that level thereafter.

The assumed cost of healthcare has an effect on the amounts reported for the firm’s postretirement plans. A 1% change in the assumed healthcare cost trend rate would have the following effects:
                                         
    1% INCREASE   1% DECREASE
   
 
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002   2003   2002

 
 
 
 
Cost
  $ 4     $ 3     $ (3 )   $ (2 )
Obligation
    33       25       (26 )     (22 )

The following table sets forth the composition of plan assets for the U.S. defined benefit pension plans by asset category:
                 
    AS OF NOVEMBER
   
    2003   2002
   
 
Equity securities
    61 %     66 %
Debt securities
    25       19  
Other
    14       15  
 
   
     
 
Total
    100 %     100 %
 
   
     
 

The investment approach of the firm’s U.S. defined benefit pension plans involves employing a sufficient level of flexibility to capture investment opportunities as they occur, while maintaining reasonable parameters to ensure that prudence and care are exercised in the execution of the investment program. The plans employ a total return on investment approach, whereby a mix, which is broadly similar to the actual asset allocation as of November 2003, of equity securities, debt securities and other assets is targeted to maximize the long-term return on assets for a given level of risk. Investment risk is measured and monitored on an ongoing basis by the firm’s Retirement Committee through periodic portfolio reviews, meetings with investment managers and annual liability measurements.

The firm does not expect to be required to contribute to its U.S. pension plans in fiscal 2004, but does expect to contribute $6 million to its unfunded postretirement benefit plan in the form of benefit payments in fiscal 2004.

The following table sets forth amounts of benefits projected to be paid from the firm’s U.S. defined benefit pension and postretirement plans and reflects expected future service, where appropriate:
                 
    U.S.   POST-
(IN MILLIONS)   PENSION   RETIREMENT

 
 
2004
  $ 4     $ 6  
2005
    5       7  
2006
    5       7  
2007
    6       8  
2008
    7       8  
2009-2013
    50       45  

Defined Contribution Plans

The firm contributes to employer-sponsored U.S. and non-U.S. defined contribution plans. The firm’s contribution to these plans was $199 million, $154 million and $193 million for the years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001, respectively.

The firm has also established a nonqualified defined contribution plan (the Plan) for certain senior employees. Shares of common stock contributed to the Plan and outstanding as of November 2003 were 4.2 million. The shares of common stock will vest and generally be distributable to the participant on specified future dates if the participant satisfies certain conditions and the participant’s employment with the firm has not been terminated, with certain exceptions for terminations of employment due to death or a change in control. Dividends on the underlying shares of common stock are paid currently to the participants. Forfeited shares remain in the Plan and are reallocated to other participants. Contributions to the Plan are expensed on the date of grant. Plan expense was immaterial for the years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001.

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT  93

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 12

EMPLOYEE INCENTIVE PLANS

Stock Incentive Plan

The firm sponsors a stock incentive plan, The Goldman Sachs Amended and Restated Stock Incentive Plan (the Amended SIP), which provides for grants of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, dividend equivalent rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards. In the second quarter of fiscal 2003, the Amended SIP was approved by the firm’s shareholders, effective for grants after April 1, 2003, and no further awards were or will be made under the original plan after that date, although awards granted under the original plan prior to that date remain outstanding.

The total number of shares of common stock that may be issued under the Amended SIP through fiscal 2008 may not exceed 250 million shares and, in each fiscal year thereafter, may not exceed 5% of the issued and outstanding shares of common stock, determined as of the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, increased by the number of shares available for awards in previous fiscal years but not covered by awards granted in such years. As of November 2003, 236.8 million shares were available for grant under the Amended SIP, after taking into account stock-based compensation awards that were issued subsequent to year end, as part of year-end compensation.

As of November 2002, 128.6 million shares were available for grant under the original plan, after taking into account stock-based compensation awards that were issued subsequent to year end, as part of year-end compensation.

Restricted Stock Units

The firm issued restricted stock units to employees under the stock incentive plan, primarily in connection with its initial public offering, acquisitions and as part of year-end compensation. Of the total restricted stock units outstanding as of November 2003 and November 2002, (i) 24.5 million units and 29.9 million units, respectively, required future service as a condition to the delivery of the underlying shares of common stock and (ii) 23.3 million units and 18.3 million units, respectively, did not require future service.

In all cases, delivery of the underlying shares of common stock is conditioned on the grantee’s satisfying certain other requirements outlined in the award agreements. The activity related to these restricted stock units is set forth below:
                   
      RESTRICTED STOCK UNITS OUTSTANDING
     
      NO FUTURE   FUTURE
      SERVICE   SERVICE
      REQUIRED   REQUIRED
   
 
Outstanding, November 2000
    33,502,219       46,335,940  
 
Granted
    116,968       1,638,536  
 
Forfeited
    (975,713 )     (3,065,731 )
 
Delivered
    (10,253,224 )      
 
Vested
    3,239,683       (3,239,683 )
 
   
     
 
Outstanding, November 2001
    25,629,933       41,669,062  
 
Granted(1)
    1,484,153       4,855,553  
 
Forfeited
    (591,957 )     (3,135,134 )
 
Delivered
    (21,700,672 )      
 
Vested
    13,494,481       (13,494,481 )
 
   
     
 
Outstanding, November 2002
    18,315,938       29,895,000  
 
Granted(1)
    3,615,366       9,357,593  
 
Forfeited
    (179,708 )     (1,886,420 )
 
Delivered
    (11,261,989 )      
 
Vested
    12,824,458       (12,824,458 )
 
   
     
 
Outstanding, November 2003
    23,314,065       24,541,715  
 
   
     
 


(1)  Includes restricted stock units granted to employees subsequent to year end as part of year-end compensation.

Total employee stock compensation expense, net of forfeitures, was $711 million, $645 million and $798 million for the years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001, respectively.

94  GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Stock Options

In general, stock options granted to employees in May of 1999 in connection with the firm’s initial public offering vest and become exercisable in equal installments on or about the third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the grant date. Stock options granted to employees subsequent to the firm’s initial public offering generally vest as outlined in the applicable stock option agreement and first become exercisable on the third anniversary of the grant date. All employee stock option agreements provide that vesting is accelerated in certain circumstances, such as upon retirement, death and extended absence. In general, all stock options expire on the tenth anniversary of the grant date, although they may be subject to earlier termination or cancellation in certain circumstances in accordance with the terms of the firm’s stock incentive plan and the applicable stock option agreement. The dilutive effect of the firm’s outstanding stock options is included in “Average common shares outstanding—Diluted,” in the consolidated statements of earnings.

The activity related to these stock options is set forth below:
                           
              WEIGHTED   WEIGHTED
              AVERAGE   AVERAGE
      OPTIONS   EXERCISE   REMAINING
      OUTSTANDING   PRICE   LIFE (YEARS)
   
 
 
Outstanding, November 2000
    57,435,758     $ 63.19       8.96  
 
Granted(1)
    29,004,359       91.89          
 
Exercised
    (104,155 )     52.03          
 
Forfeited
    (1,969,077 )     64.46          
 
   
                 
Outstanding, November 2001
    84,366,885       73.04       8.65  
 
Granted(1)
    15,908,162       79.16          
 
Exercised
    (1,138,087 )     52.78          
 
Forfeited
    (4,867,859 )     68.77          
 
   
                 
Outstanding, November 2002
    94,269,101       74.53       8.08  
 
Granted(1)
    902,511       95.81          
 
Exercised
    (2,686,955 )     52.76          
 
Forfeited
    (3,428,692 )     73.08          
 
   
                 
Outstanding, November 2003
    89,055,965       75.47       7.17  
 
   
     
     
 
Exercisable, November 2003
    18,604,931     $ 53.28       5.45  
 
   
     
     
 


(1)  Includes stock options granted to employees subsequent to year end as part of year-end compensation.

The options outstanding as of November 2003 are set forth below:
                           
              WEIGHTED   WEIGHTED
              AVERAGE   AVERAGE
      OPTIONS   EXERCISE   REMAINING
EXERCISE PRICE   OUTSTANDING   PRICE   LIFE (YEARS)

 
 
 
$45.00 – $  59.99
    28,599,381     $ 52.95       5.44  
 
60.00 –    74.99
                 
 
75.00 –    89.99
    32,327,078       81.08       7.92  
 
90.00 –  104.99
    28,129,506       91.92       8.07  
 
 
   
             
Outstanding, November 2003
    89,055,965                  
 
 
   
             

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT  95

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The weighted average fair value of options granted during fiscal 2003, fiscal 2002 and fiscal 2001 was $31.31 per option, $27.38 per option and $30.82 per option, respectively. Fair value was estimated as of the grant date based on a binomial option-pricing model using the following weighted average assumptions:
                         
    YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
   
    2003   2002   2001
   
 
 
Risk-free interest rate
    3.4 %     3.5 %     5.2 %
Expected volatility
    35.0       35.0       35.0  
Dividend yield
    1.0       0.6       0.5  
Expected life
  5 years        5 years        7 years     

NOTE 13

INCOME TAXES

The components of the net tax expense reflected in the consolidated statements of earnings are set forth below:
                           
      YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
     
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Current taxes
                       
 
U.S. federal
  $ 680     $ 543     $ 781  
 
State and local
    115       35       64  
 
Non-U.S.
    552       331       489  
 
   
     
     
 
Total current tax expense
    1,347       909       1,334  
 
   
     
     
 
Deferred taxes
                       
 
U.S. federal
    22       7       (9 )
 
State and local
    27       102       95  
 
Non-U.S.
    44       121       (34 )
 
   
     
     
 
Total deferred tax expense/(benefit)
    93       230       52  
 
   
     
     
 
Net tax expense
  $ 1,440     $ 1,139     $ 1,386  
 
   
     
     
 

Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years and are measured using the tax rates and laws that will be in effect when such differences are expected to reverse.

Significant components of the firm’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are set forth below:
                   
      AS OF NOVEMBER
   
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002

 
 
Deferred tax assets
               
 
Compensation and benefits
  $ 1,301     $ 1,415  
 
Unrealized losses
    177       173  
 
Other, net
    156       185  
 
   
     
 
 
    1,634       1,773  
 
Valuation allowance(1)
    (18 )     (17 )
 
   
     
 
Total deferred tax assets
    1,616       1,756  
 
   
     
 
Deferred tax liabilities
               
 
Depreciation and amortization
    196       207  
 
   
     
 
Total deferred tax liabilities
    196       207  
 
   
     
 
Net deferred tax assets
  $ 1,420     $ 1,549  
 
   
     
 


(1)   Relates primarily to the ability to utilize certain state and local and foreign tax credits.

96  GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

The firm permanently reinvests eligible earnings of certain foreign subsidiaries that were incorporated for U.S. income tax purposes at the end of fiscal 2001 and, accordingly, does not accrue any U.S. income taxes that would arise if such earnings were repatriated. As of November 2003, this policy resulted in an unrecognized net deferred tax liability of $84 million attributable to reinvested earnings of $1.10 billion. Additionally, during 2003, the valuation allowance was increased by $1 million, primarily due to an increase in certain foreign losses. Acquired net operating loss carryforwards of $49 million as of November 2003 and $58 million as of November 2002 are subject to annual limitations on utilization and will begin to expire in 2019.

A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the firm’s effective income tax rate is set forth below:
                         
    YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
   
    2003   2002   2001
   
 
 
U.S. federal statutory income tax rate
    35.0 %     35.0 %     35.0 %
Increase related to state and local taxes, net of U.S. income tax effects
    2.1       2.7       2.8  
Tax credits
    (3.1 )     (2.0 )      
Foreign operations
    (1.2 )     (0.9 )      
Tax-exempt income, including dividends
    (1.0 )     (1.3 )     (0.6 )
Other
    0.6       1.5       0.3  
 
   
     
     
 
Effective income tax rate
    32.4 %     35.0 %     37.5 %
 
   
     
     
 

Tax benefits of approximately $103 million in November 2003, $119 million in November 2002 and $123 million in November 2001, related to the delivery of restricted stock units and the exercise of options, were credited directly to “Additional paid-in capital” in the consolidated statements of financial condition and changes in shareholders’ equity.

NOTE 14

REGULATED SUBSIDIARIES

GS&Co. and SLK are registered U.S. broker-dealers and futures commission merchants subject to Rule 15c3-1 of the Securities and Exchange Commission and Rule 1.17 of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, which specify uniform minimum net capital requirements, as defined, for their registrants. They have elected to compute their net capital in accordance with the “Alternative Net Capital Requirement” as permitted by Rule 15c3-1. As of November 2003 and November 2002, GS&Co. had regulatory net capital, as defined, of $3.66 billion and $4.75 billion, respectively, which exceeded the amounts required by $2.82 billion and $4.09 billion, respectively. As of November 2003 and November 2002, SLK had regulatory net capital, as defined, of $1.12 billion and $1.28 billion, respectively, which exceeded the amounts required by $1.08 billion and $1.24 billion, respectively.

GSI, a registered U.K. broker-dealer, is subject to the capital requirements of the Financial Services Authority, and GSJL, a Tokyo-based broker-dealer, is subject to the capital requirements of the Financial Services Agency. As of November 2003 and November 2002, GSI and GSJL were in compliance with their local capital adequacy requirements.

Certain other subsidiaries of the firm are also subject to capital adequacy requirements promulgated by authorities of the countries in which they operate. As of November 2003 and November 2002, these subsidiaries were in compliance with their local capital adequacy requirements.

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT 97

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

NOTE 15

BUSINESS SEGMENTS

In reporting to management, the firm’s operating results are categorized into the following three segments: Investment Banking, Trading and Principal Investments, and Asset Management and Securities Services.

The firm made certain changes to its segment reporting structure in 2003. These changes included reclassifying the following from Asset Management and Securities Services to Trading and Principal Investments:

    equity commissions and clearing and execution fees;
 
    merchant banking overrides; and
 
    the matched book businesses.

These reclassifications did not affect the firm’s historical consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. Certain reclassifications have been made to previously reported amounts to conform to the current presentation.

Basis of Presentation

In reporting segments, certain of the firm’s business lines have been aggregated where they have similar economic characteristics and are similar in each of the following areas: (i) the nature of the services they provide, (ii) their methods of distribution, (iii) the types of clients they serve and (iv) the regulatory environments in which they operate.

The cost drivers of the firm taken as a whole—compensation, headcount and levels of business activity—are broadly similar in each of the firm’s business segments. Compensation expenses within the firm’s segments reflect, among other factors, the performance of the individual business units as well as the overall performance of the firm. Consequently, pre-tax margins in one segment of the firm’s business may be significantly affected by the performance of the firm’s other business segments.

The firm allocates revenues and expenses among the three segments. Due to the integrated nature of the business segments, estimates and judgments have been made in allocating certain revenue and expense items. Transactions between segments are based on specific criteria or approximate third-party rates. Total operating expenses include corporate items that have not been allocated to individual business segments. The allocation process is based on the manner in which management views the business of the firm.

The segment information presented in the table below is prepared according to the following methodologies:

    Revenues and expenses directly associated with each segment are included in determining pretax earnings.
 
    Net revenues in the firm’s segments include allocations of interest income and interest expense to specific securities, commodities and other positions in relation to the cash generated by, or funding requirements of, such underlying positions. Net interest is included within segment net revenues as it is consistent with the way in which management assesses segment performance.
 
    Overhead expenses not directly allocable to specific segments are allocated ratably based on direct segment expenses.
 
    The nonrecurring expenses associated with the firm’s acquisition awards and conversion to corporate form and related transactions are not allocated to individual segments as management excludes them in evaluating segment performance.

98 GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Segment Operating Results

Management believes that the following information provides a reasonable representation of each segment’s contribution to consolidated pre-tax earnings and total assets:

                                 
            AS OF OR FOR YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
           
(IN MILLIONS)           2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Investment Banking
  Net revenues(1)   $ 2,711     $ 2,830     $ 3,836  
 
  Operating expenses(2)     2,504       2,454       3,117  
 
           
     
     
 
 
  Pre-tax earnings   $ 207     $ 376     $ 719  
 
           
     
     
 
 
  Segment assets   $ 4,867     $ 4,555     $ 3,938  
 
           
     
     
 
Trading and Principal Investments
  Net revenues(1)   $ 10,443     $ 8,647     $ 9,570  
 
  Operating expenses(2)     6,938       6,505       7,310  
 
           
     
     
 
 
  Pre-tax earnings   $ 3,505     $ 2,142     $ 2,260  
 
           
     
     
 
 
  Segment assets   $ 250,490     $ 246,789     $ 215,654  
 
           
     
     
 
Asset Management and Securities Services
  Net revenues(1)   $ 2,858     $ 2,509     $ 2,405  
 
  Operating expenses(2)     1,890       1,562       1,325  
 
           
     
     
 
 
  Pre-tax earnings   $ 968     $ 947     $ 1,080  
 
           
     
     
 
 
  Segment assets   $ 147,647     $ 103,436     $ 91,788  
 
           
     
     
 
Total
  Net revenues(1)   $ 16,012     $ 13,986     $ 15,811  
 
  Operating expenses(2)(3)     11,567       10,733       12,115  
 
           
     
     
 
 
  Pre-tax earnings   $ 4,445     $ 3,253     $ 3,696  
 
           
     
     
 
 
  Total assets(4)   $ 403,799     $ 355,574     $ 312,218  
 
           
     
     
 

(1)   Net revenues include net interest and cost of power generation as set forth in the table below:
                         
    YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
   
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Investment Banking
  $ 311     $ 258     $ 159  
Trading and Principal Investments
    1,888       1,350       274  
Asset Management and Securities Services
    941       793       860  
 
   
     
     
 
Total net interest and cost of power generation
  $ 3,140     $ 2,401     $ 1,293  
 
   
     
     
 
(2)   Operating expenses include depreciation and amortization, including the amortization of goodwill and intangible assets, as set forth in the table below:
                         
    YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
   
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Investment Banking
  $ 180     $ 140     $ 172  
Trading and Principal Investments
    584       473       577  
Asset Management and Securities Services
    117       131       124  
 
   
     
     
 
Total depreciation and amortization
  $ 881     $ 744     $ 873  
 
   
     
     
 
(3)   Includes the following expenses that have not been allocated to the firm’s segments: (i) the amortization of employee initial public offering awards of $80 million, $212 million and
  $363 million for the years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001, respectively, and (ii) provisions for a number of litigation and regulatory proceedings of $155 million for the year ended November 2003.
 
(4)   Includes deferred tax assets relating to the firm’s conversion to corporate form and certain assets that management believes are not allocable to a particular segment.

GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT 99

 


 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Geographic Information

Due to the highly integrated nature of international financial markets, the firm manages its businesses based on the profitability of the enterprise as a whole. Accordingly, management believes that profitability by geographic region is not necessarily meaningful.

The firm’s revenues, expenses and identifiable assets are generally allocated based on the country of domicile of the legal entity providing the service.

The following table sets forth the total net revenues, pre-tax earnings and identifiable assets of the firm and its consolidated subsidiaries by geographic region allocated on the basis described above:

                           
      AS OF OR FOR YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER
     
(IN MILLIONS)   2003   2002   2001

 
 
 
Net revenues
                       
 
United States
  $ 10,040     $ 8,633     $ 10,228  
 
Other Americas
    231       352       187  
 
United Kingdom
    3,610       2,991       3,483  
 
Other Europe
    427       479       473  
 
Asia
    1,704       1,531       1,440  
 
 
   
     
     
 
Total net revenues
  $ 16,012     $ 13,986     $ 15,811  
 
 
   
     
     
 
Pre-tax earnings
                       
 
United States
  $ 3,105     $ 1,850     $ 2,418  
 
Other Americas
    217       293       260  
 
United Kingdom
    610       525       665  
 
Other Europe
    90       173       241  
 
Asia
    658       624       475  
 
Other(1)
    (235 )     (212 )     (363 )
 
 
   
     
     
 
Total pre-tax earnings
  $ 4,445     $ 3,253     $ 3,696  
 
 
   
     
     
 
Identifiable assets
                       
 
United States
  $ 400,996     $ 393,333     $ 340,409  
 
Other Americas
    1,241       3,284       2,637  
 
United Kingdom
    184,476       144,608       131,812  
 
Other Europe
    8,022       8,573       8,129  
 
Asia
    26,650       25,422       25,367  
 
Eliminations and other(2)
    (217,586 )     (219,646 )     (196,136 )
 
 
   
     
     
 
Total identifiable assets
  $ 403,799     $ 355,574     $ 312,218  
 
 
   
     
     
 


(1)   Includes the following expenses that have not been allocated to the firm’s segments: (i) amortization of employee initial public offering awards of $80 million, $212 million and
  $363 million for the years ended November 2003, November 2002 and November 2001, respectively, and (ii) provisions for a number of litigation and regulatory proceedings of $155 million for the year ended November 2003.
(2)   Reflects eliminations and certain assets that are not allocable to a particular geographic region.

100 GOLDMAN SACHS 2003 ANNUAL REPORT