10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(MARK ONE)

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED March 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM _____TO _____

COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-11151

U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC.

(EXACT NAME OF REGISTRANT AS SPECIFIED IN ITS CHARTER)

NEVADA	76-0364866
(STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION)	(I.R.S. EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION NO.)

1300 WEST SAM HOUSTON PARKWAY SOUTH, SUITE 300, HOUSTON, TEXAS	77042
(ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES)	(ZIP CODE)

REGISTRANT’S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE: (713) 297-7000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value	USPH	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    ☒  Yes     ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and such files).   ☒  Yes     ☐  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☑	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    ☐  Yes    ☒  No

As of May 5, 2023 the number of shares outstanding (issued less treasury stock) of the registrant’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, was: 13,062,583.

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION - UNAUDITED

Item 1.	Financial Statements.	3
	Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022	3
	Consolidated Statements of Net Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	4
	Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	5
	Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	6
	Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	7
	Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	30
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk	40
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	41
PART II—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	41
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	41
Item 6.	Exhibits	42
	Signatures	43
	Certifications

2

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

U. S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE DATA)

	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
ASSETS	(unaudited)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	32,605		$	31,594
Patient accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses of $2,674  and $2,829, respectively		56,647			51,934
Accounts receivable - other		17,816			16,671
Other current assets		10,726			11,067
Total current assets		117,794			111,266
Fixed assets:
Furniture and equipment		63,139			62,074
Leasehold improvements		43,525			42,877
Fixed assets, gross		106,664			104,951
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization		82,026			80,203
Fixed assets, net		24,638			24,748
Operating lease right-of-use assets		100,604			103,004
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate		12,160			12,131
Goodwill		501,347			494,101
Other identifiable intangible assets, net		108,991			108,755
Other assets		2,593			4,149
Total assets	$	868,127		$	858,154
LIABILITIES, REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST, USPH SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable - trade	$	4,233		$	3,300
Accounts payable - due to seller of acquired business		-			3,204
Accrued expenses		45,220			37,413
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		33,650			33,709
Current portion of term loan and notes payable		7,730			7,863
Total current liabilities		90,833			85,489
Notes payable, net of current portion		2,583			1,913
Revolving line of credit		38,000			31,000
Term Loan, net of current portion and deferred financing costs		142,098			142,918
Deferred taxes		21,524			21,303
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion		75,460			77,934
Other long-term liabilities		13,870			13,029
Total liabilities		384,368			373,586
Redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		164,283			167,515
Commitments and Contingencies
U.S. Physical Therapy, Inc. (“USPH”) shareholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding		-			-
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 15,277,320 and 15,216,326 shares issued, respectively		152			152
Additional paid-in capital		112,123			110,317
Accumulated other comprehensive gain		2,651			4,004
Retained earnings		234,760			232,948
Treasury stock at cost, 2,214,737 shares		(31,628	)		(31,628	)
Total USPH shareholders’ equity		318,058			315,793
Non-controlling interest - permanent equity		1,418			1,260
Total USPH shareholders’ equity and non-controlling interest - permanent equity		319,476			317,053
Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest, USPH shareholders’ equity and non-controlling interest - permanent equity	$	868,127		$	858,154

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

3

U. S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET INCOME

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
Net patient revenue	$	126,581		$	109,538
Other revenue		21,928			22,166
Net revenue		148,509			131,704
Operating cost:
Salaries and related costs		86,040			75,149
Rent, supplies, contract labor and other		30,100			28,662
Provision for credit losses		1,512			1,305
Total operating cost		117,652			105,116
Gross profit		30,857			26,588
Corporate office costs		13,859			11,556
Operating income		16,998			15,032
Other income and expense:
Relief Funds		467			-
Change in fair value of contingent earn-out consideration		(698	)		-
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate		274			339
Interest and other income, net		64			46
Change in revaluation of put-right liability		(149	)		603
Interest expense - debt and other		(2,560	)		(540	)
Total other income and expense		(2,602	)		448
Income before taxes		14,396			15,480
Provision for income taxes		2,969			3,498
Net income		11,427			11,982
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interest:
Redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		(2,720	)		(2,557	)
Non-controlling interest - permanent equity		(1,297	)		(626	)
		(4,017	)		(3,183	)
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	7,410		$	8,799
Basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to USPH shareholders	$	0.58		$	0.67
Shares used in computation - basic and diluted		13,025			12,937
Dividends declared per common share	$	0.43		$	0.41

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

U. S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT PER SHARE DATA)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
Net income	$	11,427		$	11,982
Other comprehensive loss
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedge		(1,817	)		-
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		464			-
Comprehensive income	$	10,074		$	11,982
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest		(4,017	)		(3,183	)
Comprehensive income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	6,057		$	8,799

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

5

U. S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(IN THOUSANDS)

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income including non-controlling interest	$	11,427		$	11,982
Adjustments to reconcile net income including non-controlling interest to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization		3,788			3,824
Provision for credit losses		1,512			1,305
Equity-based awards compensation expense		1,806			1,846
Deferred income taxes		221			2,132
Change in revaluation of put-right liability		149			(603	)
Change in fair value of contingent earn-out consideration		698			-
Earnings in unconsolidated affiliate		(274	)		(339	)
Other		125			93
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Increase in patient accounts receivable		(5,999	)		(4,676	)
Increase in accounts receivable - other		(796	)		(2,145	)
Increase (decrease) in other assets		1,897			(735	)
(Decrease ) increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses		(1,846	)		1,445
Decrease in other long-term liabilities		(1,359	)		(2,480	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		11,349			11,649
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of fixed assets		(2,059	)		(2,528	)
Purchase of majority interest in businesses, net of cash acquired		(5,796	)		(11,242	)
Purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest, temporary equity		(5,178	)		(2,211	)
Purchase of non controlling interest-permanent		-			(99	)
Proceeds on sale of partnership interest - redeemable non-controlling interest		107			4
Distributions from unconsolidated affiliate		245			132
Net cash used in investing activities		(12,681	)		(15,944	)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Distributions to non-controlling interest, permanent and temporary equity		(3,297	)		(3,711	)
Proceeds from revolving line of credit		7,000			35,000
Proceeds from term loan		-			(31,000	)
Payments on term loan		(938	)		-
Principal payments on notes payable		(422	)		(332	)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities		2,343			(43	)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		1,011			(4,338	)
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period		31,594			28,567
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	$	32,605		$	24,229
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes	$	442		$	81
Interest paid		1,377			525
Non-cash investing and financing transactions during the period:
Purchase of businesses - seller financing portion		360			300
Notes payable related to purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest, temporary equity		611			246
Notes payable related to purchase of non-controlling interest, permanent equity		-			296
Notes receivable related to sale of partnership interest - redeemable non-controlling interest		532			-
Dividends payable to USPH shareholders	$	5,617		$	5,327

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

6

U. S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(IN THOUSANDS)

	U.S.Physical Therapy, Inc.
	Common Stock				Additional		Accumulated Other			Retained			Treasury Stock						Total Shareholders’			Non-Controlling
	Shares		Amount		Paid-In Capital		Comprehensive Gain			Earnings			Shares			Amount			Equity			Interests			Total
Balance December 31, 2022		15,216		152	$	110,317		4,004		$	232,948			(2,215	)	$	(31,628	)	$	315,793		$	1,260		$	317,053
Issuance of restricted stock, net of cancellations		61		-		-		-			-			-			-			-			-			-
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest, net of tax		-		-		-		-			(119	)		-			-			(119	)		-			(119	)
Compensation expense - equity-based awards		-		-		1,806		-			-			-			-			1,806			-			1,806
Dividends payable to USPH shareholders		-		-		-		-			(5,617	)		-			-			(5,617	)		-			(5,617	)
Distributions to non-controlling interest partners - permanent equity		-		-		-		-			-			-			-			-			(1,139	)		(1,139	)
Deferred taxes related to redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		-		-		-		-			137			-			-			137			-			137
Other		-		-		-		-			1			-			-			1			-			1
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest - permanent equity		-		-		-		-			-			-			-			-			1,297			1,297
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders		-		-		-		-			7,410			-			-			7,410			-			7,410
Other comprehensive gain		-		-		-		(1,353	)		-			-			-			(1,353	)		-			(1,353	)
Balance March 31, 2023		15,277		152	$	112,123	$	2,651		$	234,760			(2,215	)	$	(31,628	)	$	318,058		$	1,418		$	319,476

	U.S.Physical Therapy, Inc.
	Common Stock				Additional			Retained			Treasury Stock						Total Shareholders’			Non-Controlling
	Shares		Amount		Paid-In Capital			Earnings			Shares			Amount			Equity			Interests			Total
Balance December 31, 2021	$	15,126	$	151	$	102,688		$	224,395			(2,215	)	$	(31,628	)	$	295,606		$	1,575		$	297,181
Issuance of restricted stock, net of cancellations		80		-		-			-			-			-			-			-			-
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest, net of tax		-		-		-			(113	)		-			-			(113	)		-			(113	)
Compensation expense - equity-based awards		-		-		1,846			-			-			-			1,846			-			1,846
Transfer of compensation liability for certain stock issued pursuant to long-term incentive plans		-		-		706			-			-			-			706			-			706
Purchase of partnership interests -  non-controlling interest		-		-		(46	)		-			-			-			(46	)		(334	)		(380	)
Sale of non-controlling interest, net of purchases and tax		-		-		-			-			-			-			-			-			-
Dividends payable to USPH shareholders		-		-		-			(5,327	)		-			-			(5,327	)		-			(5,327	)
Distributions to non-controlling interest partners - permanent equity		-		-		-			-			-			-			-			(1,308	)		(1,308	)
Other		-		-		11			(511	)		-			-			(500	)		686			186
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest - permanent equity		-		-		-			-			-			-			-			626			626
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders		-		-		-			8,799			-			-			8,799			-			8,799
Balance March 31, 2022		15,206		151	$	105,205		$	227,243			(2,215	)	$	(31,628	)	$	300,971		$	1,245		$	302,216

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

7

U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of U.S. Physical Therapy, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”). All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

The Company operates its business through two reportable business segments: (a) physical therapy operations segment, and (b) industrial injury prevention services segment. The Company’s physical therapy operations consist of physical therapy and occupational therapy clinics that provide pre-and post-operative care and treatment for orthopedic-related disorders, sports-related injuries, preventive care, rehabilitation of injured workers and neurological injuries. Services provided by the industrial injury prevention (“IIP”) services segment include onsite injury prevention and rehabilitation, performance optimization and ergonomic assessments.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and year-ended December 31, 2022, the Company completed the acquisitions of the following single and multi-clinic practices detailed below.

Acquisition	Date	% Interest Acquired	Number of Clinics
February 2023 Acquisition	February 28, 2023	80%	1
November 2022 Acquisition	November 30, 2022	80%	13
October 2022 Acquisition	October 31, 2022	60%	14
September 2022 Acquisition	September 30, 2022	80%	2
August 2022 Acquisition	August 31, 2022	70%	6
March 2022 Acquisition	March 31, 2022	70%	6

As of March 31, 2023, the Company operated 647 clinics in 40 states. The Company also manages physical therapy facilities for third parties, primarily hospitals and physicians, with 35 third-party facilities under management as of March 31, 2023.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company closed one clinic.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q. However, the statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. Management believes this report contains all necessary adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) to present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes on the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (“Annual Report on Form 10-K”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2023.

Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results the Company expects for the entire year.

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the amount paid and fair value of the non-controlling interests over the fair value of the acquired business assets, which include certain identifiable intangible assets. Historically, goodwill has been derived from acquisitions and, prior to 2009, from the purchase of some or all of a particular local management’s equity interest in an existing clinic. Effective January 1, 2009, if the purchase price of a non-controlling interest by the Company exceeds or is less than the book value at the time of purchase, any excess or shortfall is recognized as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital.

8

U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but are instead subject to periodic impairment evaluations. The fair value of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives are evaluated for impairment at least annually upon the occurrence of certain events or conditions and are written down to fair value if considered impaired. These events or conditions include but are not limited to a significant adverse change in the business environment, regulatory environment, or legal factors; a current period operating, or cash flow, loss combined with a history of such losses or a projection of continuing losses; or a sale or disposition of a significant portion of a reporting unit. The occurrence of one of these events or conditions could significantly impact an impairment assessment, necessitating an impairment charge. The Company evaluates indefinite-lived tradenames in conjunction with our annual goodwill impairment test.

The Company operates its business through two segments consisting of physical therapy clinics and its industrial injury prevention services business. For purposes of goodwill impairment analysis, the segments are further broken down into reporting units. Reporting units within our physical therapy business are comprised of six regions primarily based on each clinic’s location. In 2022 and 2023, the industrial injury prevention services business consisted of two reporting units.

As part of the impairment analysis, the Company is first required to assess qualitatively if it can conclude whether goodwill is more likely than not impaired. If goodwill is more likely than not impaired, it is then required to complete a quantitative analysis of whether a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount. In evaluating whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the Company considers relevant events or circumstances that affect the fair value or carrying amount of a reporting unit. The Company considers both the income and market approach in determining the fair value of its reporting units when performing a quantitative analysis.

An impairment loss generally would be recognized when the carrying amount of the net assets of a reporting unit, inclusive of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets, exceeds the estimated fair value of the reporting unit.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, no triggering events or indicators were identified that would require impairment assessments as of such dates.  In 2022, the Company recorded goodwill impairment of $9.1 million related to one reporting unit in the industrial injury prevention services business. The impairment is related to a change in the reporting unit’s current and projected operating income as well as various market inputs based on current market conditions, including the higher interest rate environment. No impairment was recognized as a result of our annual assessment of goodwill and tradenames for the other seven reporting units. The Company also noted no impairment to long-lived assets for all reporting units.

The Company will continue to monitor for any triggering events or other indicators of impairment.

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates

Investments in unconsolidated affiliates, in which the Company has less than a controlling interest, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and, accordingly, are adjusted for capital contributions, distributions and the Company’s equity in net earnings or loss of the respective joint venture.

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest

The non-controlling interests that are reflected as redeemable non-controlling interest in the unaudited consolidated financial statements consist of those that the owners and the Company have certain redemption rights, whether currently exercisable or not, and which currently, or in the future, require that the Company purchase or the owner sell the non-controlling interest held by the owner, if certain conditions are met.  The purchase price is derived at a predetermined formula based on a multiple of trailing twelve months earnings performance as defined in the respective limited partnership agreements.  The redemption rights can be triggered by the owner or the Company at such time as both of the following events have occurred: 1) termination of the owner’s employment, regardless of the reason for such termination, and 2) the passage of specified number of years after the closing of the transaction, typically three to five years, as defined in the limited partnership agreement.  The redemption rights are not automatic or mandatory (even upon death) and require either the owner or the Company to exercise its rights when the conditions triggering the redemption rights have been satisfied.

9

U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

On the date the Company acquires a controlling interest in a partnership, and the limited partnership agreement for such partnership contains redemption rights not under the control of the Company, the fair value of the non-controlling interest is recorded in the consolidated balance sheet under the caption – Redeemable non-controlling interest – temporary equity.  Then, in each reporting period thereafter until it is purchased by the Company, the redeemable non-controlling interest is adjusted to the greater of its then current redemption value or initial carrying value, based on the predetermined formula defined in the respective limited partnership agreement.  As a result, the value of the non-controlling interest is not adjusted below its initial carrying value.  The Company records any adjustments in the redemption value, net of tax, directly to retained earnings and the adjustments are not reflected in the unaudited consolidated statements of net income.  Although the adjustments are not reflected in the unaudited consolidated statements of net income, current accounting rules require that the Company reflects the adjustments, net of tax, in the earnings per share calculation.  The amount of net income attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest owners is included in consolidated net income on the face of the unaudited consolidated statements of net income. Management believes the redemption value (i.e. the carrying amount) and fair value are the same.

Non-Controlling Interest

The Company recognizes non-controlling interest, in which the Company has no obligation but the right to purchase the non-controlling interest, as permanent equity in the unaudited consolidated financial statements separate from the parent entity’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to non-controlling interest is included in consolidated net income on the face of the statements of net income. Changes in a parent entity’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are treated as equity transactions if the parent entity retains its controlling financial interest. The Company recognizes a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss is measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment on the deconsolidation date.

When the purchase price of a non-controlling interest by the Company exceeds the book value at the time of purchase, any excess or shortfall is recognized as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital. Additionally, operating losses are allocated to non-controlling interests even when such allocation creates a deficit balance for the non-controlling interest partner.

Provision for Credit Losses

The Company determines provisions for credit losses based on the specific agings and payor classifications at each clinic. The provision for credit losses is included in operating cost in the consolidated statements of net income. Net accounts receivable, which are stated at the historical carrying amount net of contractual allowances, write-offs and provisions for credit losses, includes only those amounts the Company estimates to be collectible.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount to be recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority.

On August 16, 2022, Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 was enacted and signed into law and includes targeted tax provisions. The Company does not anticipate these tax provisions will have a material impact on the financial statements.

10

U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company did not have any accrued interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits nor was any interest expense recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company records any interest or penalties, if required, in interest and other expense, as appropriate.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, a fair value hierarchy has been established that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement).

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose significant inputs are observable; and

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, contingent earn-out payments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and notes payable approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturity of these financial instruments. The carrying amount of the debt under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (defined as “Credit Agreement” in Note 9) approximates the fair value. The interest rate on the debt under the Third Amended and Restated Amended Credit Agreement is tied to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”).

The valuations of the Company’s interest rate derivatives are measured as the present value of all expected future cash flows based on SOFR-based yield curves. The present value calculation uses discount rates that have been adjusted to reflect the credit quality of the Company and its counterparty which is a Level 2 fair value measurement.

The fair value of the interest rate swap on March 31, 2023, was $3.6 million, of which $2.6 million has been included within Other current assets and $1.0 million has been included in Other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The impact of the interest rate swap on the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income was an unrealized loss of $1.4 million, net of tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

The redeemable non-controlling interest included on the consolidated balance sheets and the put right associated with the potential future purchase of the separate company in the November 2021 industrial injury prevention services acquisition (the “IIP Acquisition) are both marked to fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs.  The redemption value of redeemable non-controlling interests approximates the fair value. The put right associated with the potential future purchase of a company is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model utilizing unobservable inputs such as asset volatility and discount rates. The unobservable inputs in the valuation include asset volatility of 25% and a discount rate of 10.98%. See Note 5 for the changes in the fair value of redeemable non-controlling interest. The put right decreased $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The put-right was valued at $3.7 million on March 31, 2023 and $2.7 million on March 31, 2022.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by chief operating decision makers in determining the allocation of resources and in assessing performance.  The Company currently operates through two segments: physical therapy operations and industrial injury prevention services.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Use of Estimates

In preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements, management makes certain estimates and assumptions, especially in relation to, but not limited to, goodwill impairment, tradenames and other intangible assets, allocations of purchase price, allowance for credit losses, tax provision and contractual allowances, that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06 Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. As part of this update, convertible instruments are to be included in diluted earnings per share using the if-converted method, rather than the treasury stock method. Further, contracts which can be settled in cash or shares, excluding liability-classified share-based payment awards, are to be included in diluted earnings per share on an if-converted basis if the effect is dilutive, regardless of whether the entity or the counterparty can choose between cash and share settlement. The share-settlement presumption may not be rebutted based on past experience or a stated policy.

This pronouncement was effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2021. The Board specified that an entity should adopt the guidance at the beginning of its annual fiscal year. The Company adopted this pronouncement as of January 1, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2020-06 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens of the expected market transition from LIBOR and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. The new guidance was effective upon issuance, and the Company has elected to apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2022. Borrowings under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement bear interest based on SOFR.

2. ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES

2023 Acquisition

On February 28, 2023, the Company acquired an 80% interest in a one-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 20% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 80% equity interest was approximately $6.2 million, of which $5.8 million was paid in cash and $0.4 million in the form of a note payable. The note accrues interest at 4.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on February 28, 2025.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The purchase price for the 2023 acquisition has been preliminarily allocated as follows (in thousands):

	Physical Therapy
	Operations
Cash paid, net of cash acquired	$	5,796
Seller note		360
Total consideration	$	6,156
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired:
Total current assets	$	168
Total non-current assets		1,062
Total liabilities		(1,012	)
Net tangible assets acquired		218
Customer and referral relationships		1,586
Non-compete agreement		76
Tradenames		391
Goodwill		5,424
Fair value of non-controlling interest (classified as redeemable non-controlling interest)		(1,539	)
	$	6,156

2022 Acquisitions

On November 30, 2022, the Company acquired an 80% interest in a thirteen-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 20% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 80% equity interest was approximately $25.0 million, of which $24.2 million was paid in cash and $0.8 million in the form of a note payable. As part of the acquisition, the Company agreed to additional contingent consideration of up to $1.6 million if future operational objectives are met. The additional contingent consideration is currently valued at $1.6 million.  The note accrues interest at 7.0% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on November 30, 2024.

On October 31, 2022, the Company acquired a 60% interest in a fourteen-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 40% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 60% equity interest was approximately $19.5 million, with additional contingent consideration valued at $9.0 million on March 31, 2023, to be paid at a later date based on the performance of the business. There is no maximum payout. The estimate of this contingent consideration will continue to be marked at fair value based on the practice’s operational results and updated market inputs.

On September 30, 2022, the Company acquired an 80% interest in a two-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 20% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 80% equity interest was approximately $4.2 million, of which $3.9 million was paid in cash and $0.3 million in the form of a note payable. The note accrues interest at 5.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on September 30, 2024.

On August 31, 2022, the Company acquired a 70% interest in a six-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 30% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 70% equity interest was approximately $3.5 million, of which $3.3 million was paid in cash and $0.2 million in the form of a note payable. The note accrues interest at 5.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on August 31, 2024.

On March 31, 2022, the Company acquired a 70% interest in a six-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 30% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 70% equity interest was approximately $11.5 million, of which $11.2 million was paid in cash and $0.3 million in the form of a note payable.  The note accrues interest at 3.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on March 31, 2024.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The purchase prices for the 2022 acquisitions have been preliminarily allocated as follows (in thousands):

	Physical Therapy
	Operations
Cash paid, net of cash acquired	$	59,788
Seller notes		1,574
Contingent payments		10,000
Total consideration	$	71,362
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired:
Total current assets	$	1,558
Total non-current assets		7,619
Total liabilities		(9,865	)
Net tangible assets acquired		(688	)
Customer and referral relationships		18,955
Non-compete agreements		983
Tradenames		4,417
Goodwill		74,496
Fair value of non-controlling interest (classified as redeemable non-controlling interest)		(26,801	)
	$	71,362

For the 2023 and 2022 acquisitions, a majority of total current assets primarily represents accounts receivable. Total non-current assets are fixed assets and equipment used in the practice.

The purchase price plus the fair value of the non-controlling interests for the acquisitions in 2022 were allocated to the fair value of the assets acquired, inclusive of identifiable intangible assets, (i.e. trade names, referral relationships and non-compete agreements) and liabilities assumed based on the fair values at the acquisition date, with the amount exceeding the fair values being recorded as goodwill.

For the acquisition in 2023, the values assigned to the customer and referral relationships and non-compete agreement are being amortized to expense equally over the respective estimated lives. For customer and referral relationships, the weighted-average amortization period was 12.0 years. For the non-compete agreements, the amortization period was 5.0 years. The values assigned to tradenames are tested annually for impairment.

For the acquisitions in 2022, the values assigned to the customer and referral relationships and non-compete agreements are being amortized to expense equally over the respective estimated lives. For customer and referral relationships, the weighted-average amortization period is 12.0 years. For non-compete agreements, the weighted-average amortization period is 5.0 years. The values assigned to tradenames are tested annually for impairment.

The consideration paid for each of the acquisitions was derived through arm’s length negotiations. Funding for the cash portions was derived from proceeds from the Company’s revolving credit facility. The results of operations of the acquisitions have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since their respective date of acquisition. Unaudited proforma consolidated financial information for the acquisitions in 2023 and 2022 have not been included, as the results, individually and in the aggregate, were not material to current operations.

The purchase price plus the fair value of the non-controlling interest for the acquisitions in 2023 and those acquired after March 31, 2022 was allocated to the fair value of the assets acquired, inclusive of identifiable intangible assets (i.e. tradenames, referral relationships and non-compete agreements) and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date, with the amount in excess of fair values being recorded as goodwill. The Company is in the process of completing its formal valuation analysis of the acquisitions, to identify and determine the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. Thus, the final allocation of the purchase price may differ from the preliminary estimates used on March 31, 2023 based on additional information obtained and completion of the valuation of the identifiable intangible assets. Changes in the estimated valuation of the tangible assets acquired, the completion of the valuation of identifiable intangible assets and the completion by the Company of the identification of any unrecorded pre-acquisition contingencies, where the liability is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, will likely result in adjustments to goodwill. The Company does not expect the adjustments to be material.  The purchase price allocation for the March 2022 Acquisition has been finalized. The Company continues to evaluate the components for the purchase price allocations for other acquisitions in 2022 and 2023.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenues are recognized in the period in which services are rendered. Net patient revenue consists of revenues for physical therapy and occupational therapy clinics that provide pre-and post-operative care and treatment for orthopedic related disorders, sports-related injuries, preventative care, rehabilitation of injured workers and neurological-related injuries. Net patient revenue (patient revenues less estimated contractual adjustments – as described below) is recognized at the estimated net realizable amounts from third-party payors, patients and others in exchange for services rendered when obligations under the terms of the contract are satisfied. There is an implied contract between us and the patient upon each patient visit. Separate contractual arrangements exist between us and third-party payors (e.g. insurers, managed care programs, government programs, and workers’ compensation programs) which establish the amounts the third parties pay on behalf of the patients for covered services rendered. While these agreements are not considered contracts with the customer, they are used for determining the transaction price for services provided to the patients covered by the third-party payors. The payor contracts do not indicate performance obligations for us but indicate reimbursement rates for patients who are covered by those payors when the services are provided. At that time, we are obligated to provide services for the reimbursement rates stipulated in the payor contracts. The execution of the contract alone does not indicate a performance obligation. For self-paying customers, the performance obligation exists when we provide the services at established rates. The difference between our established rate and the anticipated reimbursement rate is accounted for as an offset to revenue—contractual allowance. The payment for the services rendered is due to the Company based on the respective payor contract. Typically, we receive payment within thirty to forty-five days of service.

Management contract revenue, which is included in other revenue in the consolidated statements of net income, is derived from contractual arrangements whereby the Company manages a clinic owned by a third party. The Company does not have any ownership interest in these clinics. Typically, revenue is determined based on the number of visits conducted at the clinic and recognized at the point in time when services are performed. Costs, typically salaries for our employees, are recorded when incurred. Management contract revenue is typically due the month following the service provided.

Revenue from the industrial injury prevention services segment, which is included in other revenue in the consolidated statements of net income, is derived from onsite services the Company provides to clients’ employees including injury prevention, rehabilitation, ergonomic assessments and performance optimization. Revenue from the industrial injury prevention services segment is recognized when obligations under the terms of the contract are satisfied. Revenue is recognized at an amount equal to the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for providing injury prevention services to its clients. The revenue is determined and recognized based on the number of hours and respective rate for services provided in a given period. Payment for services rendered is typically within thirty days.

Additionally, other revenue includes services the Company provides on-site, such as schools, for physical or occupational therapy services, and fees from athletic trainers. Contract terms and rates are agreed to in advance between the Company and the third parties. Services are typically performed over the contract period and revenue is recorded at the point of service. If the services are paid in advance, revenue is recorded as a liability over the period of the agreement and recognized at the point in time, when the services are performed.

The Company determines credit losses based on the specific agings and payor classifications at each clinic. The provision for credit losses is included in clinic operating cost in the statements of net income. Patient accounts receivable, which are stated at the historical carrying amount net of contractual allowances, write-offs and provision for credit losses, includes only those amounts the Company estimates to be collectible.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table details the revenue related to the various categories (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Net patient revenue	$	126,581	$	109,538
Other revenue		799		872
Physical therapy operations	$	127,380	$	110,410
Management contract revenue		1,779		2,226
Industrial injury prevention services revenue		19,350		19,068
	$	148,509	$	131,704

Medicare Reimbursement

The Medicare program reimburses outpatient rehabilitation providers based on the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (“MPFS”). For services provided in 2017 through 2019, a 0.5% increase was applied to the fee schedule payment rates before applying the mandatory budget neutrality adjustment. For services provided in 2020 through 2025 no adjustment is expected to be applied each year to the fee schedule payment rates, before applying the mandatory budget neutrality adjustment.

In the 2020 MPFS Final Rule, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) revised coding, documentation guidelines, and increased the code values for office/outpatient evaluation and management (“E/M”) codes and cuts to other codes to maintain budget neutrality of the MPFS beginning in 2021. Under the 2021 MPFS Final Rule, CMS increased the values for the E/M office visit codes and made cuts to other specialty codes to maintain budget neutrality. As a result, CMS projected a 9% decrease in fee schedule payment rates for therapy services set to take effect in 2021. However, Congress intervened with passage of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 and reimbursement for the codes applicable to physical/occupational therapy services provided by our clinics received an estimated 3.5% decrease in the aggregate in payment from Medicare in calendar year 2021 as compared to 2020.

In the 2022 MPFS Final Rule, there was to be an approximately 3.75% reduction to Medicare payments for physical/occupational therapy services. This was due to the expiration of the additional funding to the conversion factor provided by Congress in 2021 under the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021. However, this reduction was addressed in the Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act (“2021 Act”) signed into law on December 10, 2021. Based on various provisions in the 2021 Act, the Medicare rate reduction for 2022 was approximately 0.75%. The 2021 Act did not address the 15% reduction in Medicare payments for services performed by a physical or occupational therapist assistant, which began on January 1, 2022.

In the 2023 MPFS Proposed Rule published on July 7, 2022, CMS proposed a 4.5% reduction in the Physician Fee Schedule conversion factor.  However, this reduction was addressed in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (“2023 Act”) signed into law on December 29, 2022. The provisions of the 2023 Act increase the conversion factor by 2.5% for 2023 and by 1.25% for 2024.  This results in an overall reduction of approximately 2% in the 2023 Physician Fee Schedule conversion factor for 2023.

The Budget Control Act of 2011 increased the federal debt ceiling in connection with deficit reductions over the next ten years and requires automatic reductions in federal spending by approximately $1.2 trillion. Payments to Medicare providers are subject to these automatic spending reductions, subject to a 2% cap. In 2013, a 2% reduction to Medicare payments was implemented. The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 extended the 2% reductions to Medicare payments through fiscal year 2025. The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 extends the 2% reductions to Medicare payments through fiscal year 2027. The CARES Act suspended the 2% payment reduction to Medicare payments for dates of service from May 1, 2020, through December 31, 2020, and the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 further suspended the 2% payment reduction through March 2021. In April 2021, additional legislation was enacted that waived the 2% payment reduction for the remainder of calendar 2021. The 2021 Act included a three-month extension of the 2% sequester relief applied to all Medicare payments through March 2022, followed by three months of 1% sequester relief through June 30, 2022. Sequester relief ended on June 30, 2022.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Beginning in 2021, payments to individual therapists (Physical/Occupational Therapist in Private Practice) paid under the fee schedule may be subject to adjustment based on performance in the Merit Based Incentive Payment System (“MIPS”), which measures performance based on certain quality metrics, resource use, and meaningful use of electronic health records. Therapists eligible to participate in MIPS include only those therapists who are enrolled with Medicare as private practice providers and does not include therapists in facility-based providers, such as our clinics enrolled as certified rehabilitation agencies. Less than 3% of the Company’s therapist providers currently participate in MIPS. Under the MIPS requirements, a provider’s performance is assessed according to established performance standards each year and then is used to determine an adjustment factor that is applied to the professional’s payment for the corresponding payment year. The provider’s MIPS performance in 2019 determined the payment adjustment in 2021. For those therapist providers who actually participated in MIPS during 2019 and 2020, the resulting average payment adjustment in 2021 and 2022 was an increase of 1%. The 2023 adjustment for those therapist providers who participated in MIPS during 2021 is expected to remain at an average increase of 1%.

Under the Middle-Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (“MCTRA”), since October 1, 2012, patients who met or exceeded $3,700 in therapy expenditures during a calendar year have been subject to a manual medical review to determine whether applicable payment criteria are satisfied. The $3,700 threshold is applied to Physical Therapy and Speech Language Pathology Services; a separate $3,700 threshold is applied to the Occupational Therapy. The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (“MACRA”) directed CMS to modify the manual medical review process such that those reviews will no longer apply to all claims exceeding the $3,700 threshold and instead will be determined on a targeted basis based on a variety of factors that CMS considers appropriate.

The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 extends the targeted medical review indefinitely but reduces the threshold to $3,000 through December 31, 2027. For 2028, the threshold amount will be increased by the percentage increase in the Medicare Economic Index (“MEI”) for 2028 and in subsequent years the threshold amount will increase based on the corresponding percentage increase in the MEI for such subsequent year.

CMS adopted a multiple procedure payment reduction (“MPPR”) for therapy services in the final update to the MPFS for calendar year 2011. The MPPR applied to all outpatient therapy services paid under Medicare Part B — occupational therapy, physical therapy and speech-language pathology. Under the policy, the Medicare program pays 100% of the practice expense component of the Relative Value Unit (“RVU”) for the therapy procedure with the highest practice expense RVU, then reduces the payment for the practice expense component for the second and subsequent therapy procedures or units of service furnished during the same day for the same patient, regardless of whether those therapy services are furnished in separate sessions. In 2013, the practice expense component for the second and subsequent therapy service furnished during the same day for the same patient was reduced by 50%.

Medicare claims for outpatient therapy services furnished by therapist assistants on or after January 1, 2020, must include a modifier indicating the service was furnished by a therapist assistant. Outpatient therapy services furnished on or after January 1, 2022, in whole or part by a therapist assistant are paid at an amount equal to 85% of the payment amount otherwise applicable for the service.

Statutes, regulations, and payment rules governing the delivery of therapy services to Medicare beneficiaries are complex and subject to interpretation. The Company believes that it is in compliance, in all material respects, with all applicable laws and regulations and are not aware of any pending or threatened investigations involving allegations of potential wrongdoing that would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements as of March 31, 2023. Compliance with such laws and regulations can be subject to future government review and interpretation, as well as significant regulatory action including fines, penalties, and exclusion from the Medicare program. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, and March 31, 2022, respectively, net patient revenue from Medicare were approximately $41.9 million and $35.6 million, respectively.

Given the history of frequent revisions to the Medicare program and its reimbursement rates and rules, the Company may not continue to receive reimbursement rates from Medicare that sufficiently compensate it for the Company’s services or, in some instances, cover the Company’s operating costs. Limits on reimbursement rates or the scope of services being reimbursed could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s revenue, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, any delay or default by the federal or state governments in making Medicare and/or Medicaid reimbursement payments could materially and, adversely, affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Contractual Allowances

Contractual allowances result from the differences between the rates charged for services performed and expected reimbursements by both insurance companies and government sponsored healthcare programs for such services. Medicare regulations and the various third-party payors and managed care contracts are often complex and may include multiple reimbursement mechanisms payable for the services provided in Company clinics. The Company estimates contractual allowances based on its interpretation of the applicable regulations, payor contracts and historical calculations. Each month the Company estimates its contractual allowance for each clinic based on payor contracts and the historical collection experience of the clinic and applies an appropriate contractual allowance reserve percentage to the gross accounts receivable balances for each payor of the clinic. Based on the Company’s historical experience, calculating the contractual allowance reserve percentage at the payor level is sufficient to allow the Company to provide the necessary detail and accuracy with its collectability estimates. However, the services authorized and provided and related reimbursement are subject to interpretation that could result in payments that differ from the Company’s estimates. Payor terms are periodically revised necessitating continual review and assessment of the estimates made by management. The Company’s billing system does not capture the exact change in its contractual allowance reserve estimate from period to period in order to assess the accuracy of its revenues and hence its contractual allowance reserves. Management regularly compares its cash collections to corresponding net revenues measured both in the aggregate and on a clinic-by-clinic basis. In the aggregate, historically the difference between net revenues and corresponding cash collections has generally reflected a difference within approximately 1.0% to 1.5% of net revenue. Additionally, analysis of subsequent periods’ contractual write-offs on a payor basis reflects a difference within approximately 1.0% to 1.5% between the actual aggregate contractual reserve percentage as compared to the estimated contractual allowance reserve percentage associated with the same period end balance. As a result, the Company believes that a change in the contractual allowance reserve estimate would not likely be more than 1.0% to 1.5% on March 31, 2023.

A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. To determine the transaction price, the Company includes the effects of any variable consideration, such as the probability of collecting that amount. The Company applies established rates to the services provided, and adjusts for the terms of payor contracts, as applicable. These contracted amounts are different from the Company’s established rates.  The Company has established a “contractual allowance” for this difference. The allowance is based on the terms of payor contracts, historical and current reimbursement information and current experience with the clinic and partners. The Company’s established rates less the contractual allowance is the revenue that is recognized in the period in which the service is rendered. This revenue is deemed the transaction price and stated as “Net Patient Revenue” on the Company’s consolidated statements of income.

The Company’s performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time. After the clinic has provided services and satisfied its obligation to the customer for the reimbursement rates stipulated in the payor contracts (i.e. the transaction price), the Company recognizes the revenue, net of contractual allowances, in the period in which the services are rendered. The Company recognizes the full amount of revenue and reports the contractual allowances as a contra (or offset) revenue account to report a net revenue number based on the expected collections.

4. EARNINGS PER SHARE

In accordance with current accounting guidance, the revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest (see Note 5 – Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest), net of tax, charged directly to retained earnings is included in the earnings per basic and diluted share calculation. The following table provides a detail of the basic and diluted earnings per share computation (in thousands, except per share data).

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U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
Computation of earnings per share - USPH shareholders:
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	7,410		$	8,799
Charges to retained earnings:
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest		119			(153	)
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		(30	)		39
	$	7,499		$	8,685
Earnings per share (basic and diluted)	$	0.58		$	0.67
Shares used in computation:
Basic and diluted earnings per share - weighted-average shares		13,025			12,937

5. REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

Since October 2017, when the Company acquires a majority interest (the “Acquisition”) in a physical therapy clinic business (referred to as “Therapy Practice”), these Acquisitions occur in a series of steps which are described below.

1. Prior to the Acquisition, the Therapy Practice exists as a separate legal entity (the “Seller Entity”). The Seller Entity is owned by one or more individuals (the “Selling Shareholders”) most of whom are physical therapists that work in the Therapy Practice and provide physical therapy services to patients.

2. In conjunction with the Acquisition, the Seller Entity contributes the Therapy Practice into a newly-formed limited partnership (“NewCo”), in exchange for one hundred percent (100%) of the limited and general partnership interests in NewCo. Therefore, in this step, NewCo becomes a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Seller Entity.

3. The Company enters into an agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) to acquire from the Seller Entity a majority (ranges from 50% to 90%) of the limited partnership interest and in all cases 100% of the general partnership interest in NewCo. The Company does not purchase 100% of the limited partnership interest because the Selling Shareholders, through the Seller Entity, want to maintain an ownership percentage. The consideration for the Acquisition is primarily payable in the form of cash at closing and a small, two-year note in lieu of an escrow (the “Purchase Price”). The Purchase Agreement does not contain any future earn-out or other contingent consideration that is payable to the Seller Entity or the Selling Shareholders.

4. The Company and the Seller Entity also execute a partnership agreement (the “Partnership Agreement”) for NewCo that sets forth the rights and obligations of the limited and general partners of NewCo. After the Acquisition, the Company is the general partner of NewCo.

5. As noted above, the Company does not purchase 100% of the limited partnership interests in NewCo and the Seller Entity retains a portion of the limited partnership interest in NewCo (“Seller Entity Interest”).

6. In most cases, some or all of the Selling Shareholders enter into an employment agreement (the “Employment Agreement”) with NewCo with an initial term that ranges from three to five years (the “Employment Term”), with automatic one-year renewals, unless employment is terminated prior to the end of the Employment Term. As a result, a Selling Shareholder becomes an employee (“Employed Selling Shareholder”) of NewCo. The employment of an Employed Selling Shareholder can be terminated by the Employed Selling Shareholder or NewCo, with or without cause, at any time. In a few situations, a Selling Shareholder does not become employed by NewCo and is not involved with NewCo following the closing; in those situations, such Selling Shareholders sell their entire ownership interest in the Seller Entity as of the closing of the Acquisition.

7. The compensation of each Employed Selling Shareholder is specified in the Employment Agreement and is customary and commensurate with his or her responsibilities based on other employees in similar capacities within NewCo, the Company and the industry.

8. The Company and the Selling Shareholder (including both Employed Selling Shareholders and Selling Shareholders not employed by NewCo) execute a non-compete agreement (the “Non-Compete Agreement”) which restricts the Selling Shareholder from engaging in competing business activities for a specified period of time (the “Non-Compete Term”). A Non-Compete Agreement is executed with the Selling Shareholders in all cases. That is, even if the Selling Shareholder does not become an Employed Selling Shareholder, the Selling Shareholder is restricted from engaging in a competing business during the Non-Compete Term.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

9. The Non-Compete Term commences as of the date of the Acquisition and  expires on the later of :

a. Two years after the date an Employed Selling Shareholders’ employment is terminated (if the Selling Shareholder becomes an Employed Selling Shareholder) or

b. Five to six years from the date of the Acquisition, as defined in the Non-Compete Agreement, regardless of whether the Selling Shareholder is employed by NewCo.

10. The Non-Compete Agreement applies to a restricted region which is a defined mile radius from the Therapy Practice. That is, an Employed Selling Shareholder is permitted to engage in competing businesses or activities outside the defined mileage (after such Employed Selling Shareholder no longer is employed by NewCo) and a Selling Shareholder who is not employed by NewCo immediately is permitted to engage in the competing business or activities outside the defined mileage.

The Partnership Agreement contains provisions for the redemption of the Seller Entity Interest, either at the option of the Company (the “Call Right”) or at the option of the Seller Entity (the “Put Right”) as follows:

1. Put Right

a) In the event that any Selling Shareholder’s employment is terminated under certain circumstances prior to a specified date (the “Specified Date”), the Seller Entity thereafter may have an irrevocable right to cause the Company to purchase from Seller Entity the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest at the purchase price described in “3” below.

b) In the event that any Selling Shareholder is not employed by NewCo as of the Specified Date and the Company has not exercised its Call Right with respect to the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest, Seller Entity thereafter shall have the Put Right to cause the Company to purchase from Seller Entity the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest at the purchase price described in “3” below.

c) In the event that any Selling Shareholder’s employment with NewCo is terminated for any reason on or after the Specified Date, the Seller Entity shall have the Put Right, and upon the exercise of the Put Right, the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest shall be redeemed by the Company at the purchase price described in “3” below.

2. Call Right

a) If any Selling Shareholder’s employment by NewCo is terminated prior to the Specified Date, the Company thereafter shall have an irrevocable right to purchase from Seller Entity the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest, in each case at the purchase price described in “3” below.

b) In the event that any Selling Shareholder’s employment with NewCo is terminated for any reason on or after Specified Date, the Company shall have the Call Right, and upon the exercise of the Call Right, the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest shall be redeemed by the Company at the purchase price described in “3” below.

3. For the Put Right and the Call Right, the purchase price is derived from a formula based on a specified multiple of NewCo’s trailing twelve months of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, and the Company’s internal management fee, plus an Allocable Percentage of any undistributed earnings of NewCo (the “Redemption Amount”). NewCo’s earnings are distributed monthly based on available cash within NewCo. Therefore, the undistributed earnings amount is small, if any.

4. The Purchase Price for the initial equity interest purchased by the Company is, in almost all cases, also based on the same specified multiple of the trailing twelve-month earnings that is used in the Put Right and the Call Right noted above.

5. The Put Right and the Call Right do not have an expiration date, and the Seller Entity Interest is not required to be purchased by the Company or sold by the Seller Entity unless either the Put Right or the Call Right is exercised.

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6. The Put Right and the Call Right never apply to Selling Shareholders who do not become employed by NewCo, since the Company requires that such Selling Shareholders sell their entire ownership interest in the Seller Entity at the closing of the Acquisition.

ProgressiveHealth Acquisition

On November 30, 2021, the Company acquired a majority interest in ProgressiveHealth Companies, LLC (“Progressive”), which owns a majority interest in certain subsidiaries (“Progressive Subsidiaries”) that operate in the industrial injury prevention and therapy services businesses.  The Progressive transaction was completed in a series of steps which are described below.

1. Prior to the acquisition, the Progressive Subsidiaries were owned by a legal entity (“Progressive Parent”) controlled by its individual owners (the “ Progressive Selling Shareholders”), who work in and manage the Progressive business.

2. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Progressive Selling Shareholders caused the Progressive Parent to transfer its ownership of the Progressive Subsidiaries into a newly-formed limited liability company (“Progressive NewCo”), in exchange for one hundred percent (100%) of the membership interests in Progressive NewCo. Therefore, in this step, Progressive NewCo became wholly-owned by the Progressive Selling Shareholders.

3. The Company entered into an agreement (the “Progressive Purchase Agreement”) to acquire from the Progressive Selling Shareholders a majority of the membership interest in Progressive NewCo. The consideration for the acquisition is primarily payable in the form of cash at closing, a relatively small portion paid in cash after the closing contingent on certain performance criteria, and a small note in lieu of an escrow (the “Progressive Purchase Price”).

4. The Company and the Progressive Selling Shareholders also executed an operating agreement (the “Progressive Operating Agreement”) for Progressive NewCo that sets forth the rights and obligations of the members of Progressive NewCo.

5. As noted above, the Company did not purchase 100% of the membership interests in Progressive NewCo and the Progressive Selling Shareholders retained a portion of the membership interest in Progressive NewCo (“Progressive Selling Shareholders’ Interest”).

6. The Company and the Progressive Selling Shareholders executed a non-compete agreement (the “Progressive Non-Compete Agreement”) which restricts the Progressive Selling Shareholders from competing for a specified period of time (the “Progressive Non-Compete Term”).

7. The Progressive Non-Compete Term commences as of the date of the Progressive acquisition and expires on the later of:

a. Two years after the date a Progressive Selling Shareholder no longer is involved in the management of Progressive NewCo or

b. Seven years from the date of the acquisition.

8. The Progressive Non-Compete Agreement applies to the entire United States.

9. The Progressive Put Right (as defined below) and the Progressive Call Right (as defined below) do not have an expiration date.

The Progressive Operating Agreement contains provisions for the redemption of the Progressive Selling Shareholder’s Interest, either at the option of the Company (the “Progressive Call Right”) or at the option of the Progressive Selling Shareholder (the “Progressive Put Right”) as follows:

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. Progressive Put Right

a. Each of the Progressive Selling Shareholders has the right to sell 30% of their respective residual interests on each of the 4th and 5th anniversaries of the acquisition closing, and then 10% on each of the 6th and 7th anniversaries

b. In the event that any Progressive Selling Shareholder terminates his management relationship with Progressive NewCo for any reason on or after the seventh anniversary of the Closing Date, the Progressive Selling Shareholder has the Put Right, and upon the exercise of the Progressive Put Right, the Progressive Selling Shareholder’s Interest shall be redeemed by the Company at the purchase price described in “3” below.

2. Progressive Call Right

a. If any Progressive Selling Shareholder’s ceases to perform management services on behalf of Progressive NewCo, the Company thereafter shall have an irrevocable right to purchase from such Progressive Selling Shareholder his Interest, in each case at the purchase price described in “3” below.

3. For the Progressive Put Right and the Progressive Call Right, the purchase price is derived from a formula based on a specified multiple of Progressive NewCo’s trailing twelve months of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, and the Company’s internal management fee, plus an Allocable Percentage of any undistributed earnings of Progressive NewCo (the “Redemption Amount”). Progressive NewCo’s earnings are distributed monthly based on available cash within Progressive NewCo; therefore, the undistributed earnings amount is small, if any.

4. The Progressive Purchase Price for the initial equity interest purchased by the Company is also based on the same specified multiple of the trailing twelve-month earnings that is used in the Progressive Put Right and the Progressive Call Right noted above.

5. The Progressive Put Right and the Progressive Call Right do not have an expiration date.

Neither the Progressive Operating Agreement nor the Progressive Non-Compete Agreement contain any provision to escrow or “claw back” the equity interest in Progressive NewCo held by the Progressive Selling Shareholders, in the event of a breach of the operating agreement or non-compete terms, or the management services agreement pursuant to which the Progressive Selling Shareholders perform services on behalf of Progressive NewCo. The Company’s only recourse against the Progressive Selling Shareholder for breach of any of these agreements is to seek damages and other legal remedies under such agreements. There are no conditions in any of the arrangements with a Progressive Selling Shareholder that would result in a forfeiture of the equity interest in Progressive NewCo held by a Progressive Selling Shareholder.

For both scenarios described above, an Employed Selling Shareholder’s ownership of his or her equity interest in the Seller Entity predates the Acquisition and the Company’s purchase of its partnership interest in NewCo. The Employment Agreement and the Non-Compete Agreement do not contain any provision to escrow or “claw back” the equity interest in the Seller Entity held by such Employed Selling Shareholder, nor the Seller Entity Interest in NewCo, in the event of a breach of the employment or non-compete terms. More specifically, even if the Employed Selling Shareholder is terminated for “cause” by NewCo, such Employed Selling Shareholder does not forfeit his or her right to his or her full equity interest in the Seller Entity and the Seller Entity does not forfeit its right to any portion of the Seller Entity Interest. The Company’s only recourse against the Employed Selling Shareholder for breach of either the Employment Agreement or the Non-Compete Agreement is to seek damages and other legal remedies under such agreements. There are no conditions in any of the arrangements with an Employed Selling Shareholder that would result in a forfeiture of the equity interest held in the Seller Entity or of the Seller Entity Interest.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

For the dates indicated, the following table details the changes in the carrying amount (fair value) of the redeemable non-controlling interest (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended			Year Ended
	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Beginning balance	$	167,515		$	155,262
Operating results allocated to redeemable non-controlling interest partners		2,720			6,902
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interest partners		(2,158	)		(10,102	)
Changes in the fair value of redeemable non-controlling interest		(119	)		3,862
Purchases of redeemable non-controlling interest		(6,156	)		(16,061	)
Acquired interest		1,754			26,746
Contributed Capital		-			231
Sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		639			1,982
Notes receivable related to sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		532			(1,901	)
Adjustments in notes receivable related to the the sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		(444	)		594
Ending balance	$	164,283		$	167,515

The following table categorizes the carrying amount (fair value) of the redeemable non-controlling interest (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Contractual time period has lapsed but holder’s employment has not terminated	$	70,321	$	75,688
Contractual time period has not lapsed and holder’s employment has not terminated		93,962		91,827
Holder’s employment has terminated and contractual time period has expired		-		-
Holder’s employment has terminated and contractual time period has not expired		-		-
	$	164,283	$	167,515

6. GOODWILL

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Year Ended
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Beginning balance	$	494,101	$	434,679
Goodwill acquired		5,424		72,674
Goodwill adjustments for purchase price allocation of businesses acquired in prior year		1,822		(4,140	)
Goodwill impairment		-		(9,112	)
Ending balance	$	501,347	$	494,101

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a charge for goodwill impairment of $9.1 million related to the IIP Acquisition. The impairment is related to a change in the IIP Acquisition’s current and projected operating income as well as various market inputs based on current market conditions, including the higher interest rate environment.

7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Intangible assets, net as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Tradenames	$	43,764	$	43,373
Customer and referral relationships, net of accumulated amortization of $25,400 and $23,736, respectively (weighted average amortization period 12.7 years)		63,160		63,238
Non-compete agreements, net of accumulated amortization of $7,152 and $6,999 respectively (weighted average amortization period 5.0 years)		2,067		2,144
	$	108,991	$	108,755

Tradenames, customer and referral relationships and non-compete agreements are related to the businesses acquired. The value assigned to tradenames has an indefinite life and is tested at least annually for impairment using the relief from royalty method in conjunction with the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test. The value assigned to customer and referral relationships is being amortized over their respective estimated useful lives which range from 7 to 16 years. Non-compete agreements are amortized over the respective term of the agreements which range from 5 to 6 years.

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The following table details the amount of amortization expense recorded for intangible assets for the three and three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Customer and referral relationships	$	1,664	$	2,050
Non-compete agreements		153		147
	$	1,817	$	2,197

Based on the balance of referral relationships and non-compete agreements as of March 31, 2023, the expected amount to be amortized in 2023 and thereafter by year is as follows (in thousands):

Customer and Referral Relationships			Non-Compete Agreements
Years	Annual Amount		Years	Annual Amount
Ending December 31,			Ending December 31,
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	5,096	2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	464
2024	$	6,636	2024	$	576
2025	$	6,492	2025	$	505
2026	$	6,023	2026	$	365
2027	$	5,860	2027	$	157
Thereafter	$	33,053

8. ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Salaries and related costs	$	16,975	$	22,912
Credit balances due to patients and payors		7,962		8,094
Group health insurance claims		2,930		1,666
Closure costs		230		243
Dividend payable		5,617		-
Payable related to purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest		5,015		4,498
Interest payable		1,193		-
Contingent consideration		1,600		-
Other		3,698		-
Total	$	45,220	$	37,413

9. BORROWINGS

Effective December 5, 2013, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with a commitment for a $125.0 million revolving credit facility. This agreement was amended and/or restated in August 2015, January 2016, March 2017, November 2017, and January 2021 (hereafter referred to as (“Amended Credit Agreement”).

On June 17, 2022, the Company entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) among Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (“Administrative Agent”) and the lenders from time-to-time party thereto.

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U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement (as defined above) and notes payable as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Principal Amount		Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost		Net Debt		Principal Amount		Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost		Net Debt
Revolving Facilitiy	$	38,000	$	-	$	38,000	$	31,000	$	-	$	31,000
Term Facility		147,188		1,757		145,431		148,125		1,861		146,264
Other Debt		6,980		-		6,980		6,430		-		6,430
Total Debt	$	192,168	$	1,757	$	190,411	$	185,555	$	1,861	$	183,694
Less: Current portion of long-term debt		7,730		-		7,730		8,271		408		7,863
Total long-term debt, net of current portion	$	184,438	$	1,757	$	182,681	$	177,284	$	1,453	$	175,831

The Credit Agreement, which matures on June 17, 2027, provides for loans in an aggregate principal amount of $325 million. Such loans were made available through the following facilities (collectively, the “Senior Credit Facilities”):

1) Revolving Facility: $175 million, five-year, revolving credit facility (“Revolving Facility”), which includes a $12 million sublimit for the issuance of standby letters of credit and a $15 million sublimit for swingline loans (each, a “Swingline Loan”).

2) Term Facility: $150 million term loan facility (the “Term Facility”). The Term Facility amortizes in quarterly installments of: (a) 0.625% in each of the first two years, (b) 1.250% in the third and fourth year, and (c) 1.875% in the fifth year of the Credit Agreement. The remaining outstanding principal balance of all term loans is due on the maturity date.

The proceeds of the Revolving Facility shall be used by the Company for working capital and other general corporate purposes of the Company and its subsidiaries, including to fund future acquisitions and invest in growth opportunities. The proceeds of the Term Facility were used by the Company to refinance the indebtedness outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement, to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the transactions involving the loan facilities, for working capital and other general corporate purposes of the Company and its subsidiaries.

The Company is permitted to increase the Revolving Facility and/or add one or more tranches of term loans in an aggregate amount not to exceed the sum of (i) $100 million plus (ii) an unlimited additional amount, provided that (in the case of clause (ii)), after giving effect to such increases, the pro forma Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) would not exceed 2.0:1.0, and the aggregate amount of all incremental increases under the Revolving Facility does not exceed $50,000,000.

The interest rates per annum applicable to the Senior Credit Facilities (other than in respect of Swingline Loans) will be Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin or, at the option of the Company, an alternate base rate plus an applicable margin. Each Swingline Loan shall bear interest at the base rate plus the applicable margin. The applicable margin for Term SOFR borrowings ranges from 1.50% to 2.25%, and the applicable margin for alternate base rate borrowings ranges from 0.50% to 1.25%, in each case, based on the Consolidated Leverage Ratio of the Company and its subsidiaries. Interest is payable at the end of the selected interest period but no less frequently than quarterly and on the date of maturity.

The Company is also required to pay to the Administrative Agent, for the account of each lender under the Revolving Facility, a commitment fee equal to the actual daily excess of each lender’s commitment over its outstanding credit exposure under the Revolving Facility (“unused fee”). Such unused fee will range between 0.25% and 0.35% per annum and is also based on the Consolidated Leverage Ratio of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Company may prepay and/or repay the revolving loans and the term loans, and/or terminate the revolving loan commitments, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty, subject to certain conditions.

The Credit Agreement contains customary covenants limiting, among other things, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the creation of liens, mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions, sales of assets, dividends and other payments in respect of equity interests, acquisitions, investments, loans and guarantees, subject, in each case, to customary exceptions, thresholds and baskets. The Credit Agreement includes certain financial covenants which include the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, and the Consolidated Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also contains customary events of default.

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U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by its wholly-owned material domestic subsidiaries (each, a “Guarantor”), and the obligations of the Company and any Guarantors are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in substantially all of the existing and future personal property of the Company and each Guarantor, subject to certain exceptions.

As of March 31, 2023, $185.2 million was outstanding on the Senior Credit Facilities, resulting in $137.0 million of availability on the Revolving Facility. As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with all of the covenants contained in the Credit Agreement.

The Company generally enters into various notes payable as a means of financing a portion of its acquisitions and purchasing of non-controlling interests. In conjunction with these transactions in 2023 and 2022, the Company entered into notes payable in the aggregate amount of $7.4 million of which an aggregate principal payment of $0.4 million was paid in the three months ended March 31, 2023, $4.1 million is due later in 2023, $1.9 million is due in 2024 and $1.0 million is due in 2025. Interest accrues in the range of 3.25% to 8.0% per annum and is payable with each principal installment.

10. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The Company is exposed to certain market risks during the ordinary course of business due to adverse changes in interest rates. The exposure to interest rate risk primarily results from the Company’s variable-rate borrowing. The Company may elect to use derivative financial instruments to manage risks from fluctuations in interest rates. The Company does not purchase or hold derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. Fluctuations in interest rates can be volatile and the Company’s risk management activities do not eliminate these risks.

Interest Rate Swap

In May 2022, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement, effective on June 30, 2022, with Bank of America, N.A, which has a $150 million notional value, and a maturity date of June 30, 2027. Beginning in July 2022, the Company receives 1-month SOFR, and pays a fixed rate of interest of  2.815% on 1-month SOFR on a quarterly basis. The total interest rate in any period will also include an applicable margin based on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio.

In connection with the swap, no cash was exchanged between the Company and the counterparty.

The Company designated its interest rate swap as a cash flow hedge and structured it to be highly effective. Consequently, unrealized gains and losses related to the fair value of the interest rate swap are recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax.

The impacts of the Company’s derivative instruments on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are presented in the table below (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
Net income	$	11,427		$	11,982
Other comprehensive loss
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedge		(1,817	)		-
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		464			-
Comprehensive income	$	10,074		$	11,982
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest		(4,017	)		(3,183	)
Comprehensive income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	6,057		$	8,799

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U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The valuations of the Company’s interest rate derivatives are measured as the present value of all expected future cash flows based on SOFR-based yield curves. The present value calculation uses discount rates that have been adjusted to reflect the credit quality of the Company and its counterparty which is a Level 2 fair value measurement.

The carrying and fair value of the Company’s interest rate derivatives (included in Other current assets and Other assets) were as follows:

	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Interest rate swap:
Other current assets	$	2,614	$	-
Other assets	$	947	$	-

11. LEASES

The Company has operating leases for its corporate offices and operating facilities. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at the inception of a contract. The Company’s operating lease terms are generally five years or less. The Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. As most of the Company’s operating leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Operating fixed lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, the components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	9,365	$	8,404
Short-term lease cost		274		321
Variable lease cost		2,132		1,932
Total lease cost *	$	11,771	$	10,657

* Sublease income was immaterial

Lease cost is reflected in the consolidated statement of net income in the line item – rent, supplies, contract labor and other.

Supplemental information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	9,646	$	8,617
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	6,281	$	6,011

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

The aggregate future lease payments for operating leases as of March 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year	Amount
2023	$	27,967
2024		31,548
2025		23,584
2026		16,065
2027 and therafter		16,836
Total lease payments	$	116,000
Less: imputed  interest		6,890
Total operating lease liabilities	$	109,110

Average lease terms and discount rates were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Weighted-average remaining lease term - Operating leases	4.0 Years		4.1 Years
Weighted-average discount rate - Operating leases		3.1%		2.7%

12. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company’s reportable segments include the physical therapy operations segment and the industrial injury prevention services segment. Also included in the physical therapy operations segment are revenues from management contract services and other services which include services the Company provides on-site, such as schools for athletic trainers.

The Company evaluates performance of the segments based on gross profit. The Company has provided additional information regarding its reportable segments which contributes to the understanding of the Company and provides useful information.

The following table summarizes selected financial data for the Company’s reportable segments.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Net operating revenue:
Physical therapy operations	$	129,159	$	112,636
Industrial injury prevention services		19,350		19,068
Total Company	$	148,509	$	131,704
Gross profit:
Physical therapy operations	$	27,089	$	22,436
Industrial injury prevention services		3,768		4,152
Total Company	$	30,857	$	26,588
Total Assets:
Physical therapy operations	$	726,422	$	608,240
Industrial injury prevention services		141,705		155,623
Total Company	$	868,127	$	763,863

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NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

13. INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATE

Through one of its subsidiaries, the Company has a 49% joint venture interest in a company which provides physical therapy services for patients at hospitals. Since the Company is deemed to not have a controlling interest in the company, the Company’s investment is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The investment balance of this joint venture as of March 31, 2023, is $12.2 million and the earnings amounted to $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31,2023.

14. SUBSEQUENT EVENT

The Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.43 per share payable on June 9, 2023, to shareholders of record on May 18, 2023. 

29

Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following is a discussion of our historical consolidated financial condition and results of operations, and should be read in conjunction with (i) our historical consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q; (ii) our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 28, 2023 (“2022 Annual Report”); and (iii) our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations included in our 2022 Annual Report.

This discussion includes forward-looking statements that are subject to risk and uncertainties. Actual results may differ substantially from the statements we make in this section due to a number of factors that are discussed below.

Forward-Looking Statements

We make statements in this report that are considered to be forward-looking statements within the meaning given such term under Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). These statements contain forward-looking information relating to the financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, future performance and business of our Company. These statements (often using words such as “believes”, “expects”, “intends”, “plans”, “appear”, “should” and similar words) involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those we project. Included among such statements are those relating to opening new clinics, availability of personnel and the reimbursement environment.  The forward-looking statements are based on our current views and assumptions and actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking statements as a result of certain risks, uncertainties, and factors, which include, but are not limited to the following.

• the multiple effects of the impact of public health crises and epidemics/pandemics, such as the novel strain of COVID-19 and its variants, for which the total financial magnitude cannot be currently estimated;

• changes in Medicare rules and guidelines and reimbursement or failure of our clinics to maintain their Medicare certification and/or enrollment status;

• revenue we receive from Medicare and Medicaid being subject to potential retroactive reduction;

• changes in reimbursement rates or payment methods from third party payors including government agencies, and changes in the deductibles and co-pays owed by patients;

• compliance with federal and state laws and regulations relating to the privacy of individually identifiable patient information, and associated fines and penalties for failure to comply;

• competitive, economic or reimbursement conditions in our markets which may require us to reorganize or close certain clinics and thereby incur losses and/or closure costs including the possible write-down or write-off of goodwill and other intangible assets;

• one of our acquisition agreements contains a Put Right related to a future purchase of a majority interest in a separate company;

• the impact of COVID-19 related vaccination and/or testing mandates at the federal, state and/or local level, which could have an adverse impact on staffing, revenue, costs and the results of operations:

• our debt and financial obligations could adversely affect our financial condition, our ability to obtain future financing and our ability to operate our business;

• changes as the result of government enacted national healthcare reform;

• business and regulatory conditions including federal and state regulations;

• governmental and other third party payor inspections, reviews, investigations and audits, which may result in sanctions or reputational harm and increased costs;

• revenue and earnings expectations;

• some of our acquisition agreements contain contingent consideration, the value of which may impact future financial results;

• legal actions, which could subject us to increased operating costs and uninsured liabilities;

• general economic conditions, including but not limited to inflationary and recessionary periods;

• actual or perceived events involving banking volatility or limited liability, defaults or other adverse developments that affect the U.S. or international financial systems, may result in market wide liquidity problems which could have a material and adverse impact on our available cash and results of operations;

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• our business depends on hiring, training, and retaining qualified employees

• availability and cost of qualified physical therapists;

• competitive environment in the industrial injury prevention services business, which could result in the termination or non-renewal of contractual service arrangements and other adverse financial consequences for that service line;

• acquisitions, and the successful integration of the operations of the acquired businesses;

• impact on the business and cash reserves resulting from retirement or resignation of key partners and resulting purchase of their non-controlling interest (minority interests);

• maintaining our information technology systems with adequate safeguards to protect against cyber-attacks;

• a security breach of our or our third party vendors’ information technology systems may subject us to potential legal action and reputational harm and may result in a violation of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 of the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act;

• maintaining clients for which we perform management, industrial injury prevention related services, and other services, as a breach or termination of those contractual arrangements by such clients could cause operating results to be less than expected;

• maintaining adequate internal controls;

• maintaining necessary insurance coverage;

• availability, terms, and use of capital; and

• weather and other seasonal factors.

Many factors are beyond our control. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Please see the other sections of this report and our other periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) for more information on these factors. Our forward-looking statements represent our estimates and assumptions only as of the date of this report. Except as required by law, we are under no obligation to update any forward-looking statement, regardless of the reason the statement may no longer be accurate.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Our Business

References to “we,” “us,” “our” and the “Company” shall mean U.S. Physical Therapy, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

We operate outpatient physical therapy clinics that provide pre- and post-operative care and treatment for a variety of orthopedic-related disorders and sports-related injuries, neurologically-related injuries and rehabilitation of injured workers. We also operate an industrial injury prevention services (“IIP”) business which includes onsite injury prevention and rehabilitation, performance optimization and ergonomic assessments services.

Selected Operating and Financial Data

Our reportable segments include the physical therapy operations segment and the IIPS segment. Our physical operations consist of physical therapy and occupational therapy clinics that provide pre-and post-operative care and treatment for orthopedic-related disorders, sports-related injuries, preventive care, rehabilitation of injured workers and neurological injuries. Services provided by the IIP segment include onsite injury prevention and rehabilitation, performance optimization and ergonomic assessments.

On March 31, 2023, we operated 647 clinics in 40 states.  In addition to our ownership and operation of outpatient physical therapy clinics, we also manage physical therapy facilities for third parties, such as physicians and hospitals, with 35 third-party facilities under management as of March 31, 2023.

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During the three months ended March 31, 2023 (“2023 First Quarter) and for the year ended December 31, 2022, we completed the acquisitions of six clinic practices as detailed below.

Acquisition	Date	% Interest Acquired	Number of Clinics
February 2023 Acquisition	February 28, 2023	80%	1
November 2022 Acquisition	November 30, 2022	80%	13
October 2022 Acquisition	October 31, 2022	60%	14
September 2022 Acquisition	September 30, 2022	80%	2
August 2022 Acquisition	August 31, 2022	70%	6
March 2022 Acquisition	March 31, 2022	70%	6

During the 2023 First Quarter, the Company closed one clinic.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Net income attributable to our shareholders, was $7.4 million for the 2023 First Quarter compared to $8.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 (“2022 First Quarter”). The decrease in net income is primarily due to a $2.0 million increase in interest expense as a result of a higher effective interest rate as well as increased borrowings to fund acquisitions. In accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”), the revaluation of non-controlling interest, net of taxes, is not included in net income but is charged directly to retained earnings; however, this change is included in the computation of earnings per diluted share. Earnings per diluted share, in accordance with GAAP, was $0.58 for the 2023 First Quarter as compared to $0.67 for the 2022 First Quarter.

Operating income increased $2.0 million, or 13.1%, to $17.0 million in the 2023 First Quarter from $15.0 million in the 2022 First Quarter.

Non-GAAP Measures

Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure, increased $1.0 million to $18.5 million for the 2023 First Quarter, an all-time high first quarter amount, from $17.5 million for the 2022 First Quarter. Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP measure, is defined as net income attributable to USPH shareholders before interest income, interest expense, taxes, depreciation, amortization, change in fair value of contingent earn-out consideration, income received under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“Relief Funds”), changes in revaluation of put-right liability, equity-based awards compensation expense, and related portions for non-controlling interests.

Operating results per diluted share, a non-GAAP measure, was $0.59 per diluted share for the 2023 First Quarter as compared to $0.65 for 2022 First Quarter, with the decrease primarily due to an increase in interest expense. Operating Results, a non-GAAP measure, equals net income attributable to our diluted shareholders per the consolidated statements of income, less a change in revaluation of the put-right liability, Relief Funds, changes in fair value of contingent earn-out consideration, and any allocations to non-controlling interests, all net of taxes. Operating Results per diluted share also exclude the impact of the revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest and the associated tax impact.

We use Operating Results and Adjusted EBITDA, which eliminate certain items described above that can be subject to volatility and unusual costs, as one the principal measures to evaluate and monitor financial performance period over period.  We believe that presenting Operating Results and Adjusted EBITDA is useful information for investors to use in comparing the Company’s period-to-period results as well as for comparing with other similar businesses since most do not have redeemable instruments and therefore have different equity structures.

Operating Results and Adjusted EBITDA are not measures of financial performance under GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA and Operating Results should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to, or substitute for, net income attributable to our shareholders presented in the consolidated financial statements.

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The following tables provide detail of the diluted earnings per share computation and reconcile net income attributable to our shareholders calculated in accordance with GAAP to Adjusted EBITDA and Operating Results (in thousands, except per share data):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023				2022*
Adjusted EBITDA
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	7,410		$	8,799
Adjustments:
Depreciation and amortization		3,788			3,824
Change in fair value of contingent earn-out consideration		698			-
Interest income		(64	)		(46	)
Relief funds		(467	)		-
Change in revaluation of put-right liability		149			(603	)
Interest expense - debt and other, net		2,560			540
Provision for income taxes		2,969			3,498
Equity-based awards compensation expense		1,806			1,846
Allocation to non-controlling interests		(371	)		(363	)
Adjusted EBITDA (a non-GAAP measure)		18,478			17,495
Earnings per share
Computation of earnings per share - USPH shareholders:
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	7,410		$	8,799
Charges to retained earnings:
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest		119			(153	)
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		(30	)		39
	$	7,499		$	8,685
Earnings per share (basic and diluted)	$	0.58		$	0.67
Operating Results
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders		7,410			8,799
Adjustments:
Change in fair value of contingent earn-out consideration		698			-
Change in revaluation of put-right liability		149			(603	)
Allocation to non-controlling interests		33			-
Relief Funds		(467	)		-
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		(105	)		154
Operating Results (a non-GAAP measure)	$	7,718		$	8,350
Basic and diluted Operating Results per share (a non-GAAP measure)	$	0.59		$	0.65
Shares used in computation - basic and diluted		13,025			12,937

*Revised to conform to current year presentation

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2023 First Quarter Compared to 2022 First Quarter Results

The following table summarizes financial data by segment for the periods indicated and reconciles the data to our consolidated financial statements (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2023		2022
Net operating revenue:
Physical therapy operations	$	129,159	$	112,636
Industrial injury prevention services		19,350		19,068
Total Company	$	148,509	$	131,704
Gross profit:
Physical therapy operations	$	27,089	$	22,436
Industrial injury prevention services		3,768		4,152
Total Company	$	30,857	$	26,588
Total Assets:
Physical therapy operations	$	726,422	$	608,240
Industrial injury prevention services		141,705		155,623
Total Company	$	868,127	$	763,863

Revenue

Total net revenue for 2023 First Quarter was $148.5 million, an increase of 12.8%, compared to $131.7 million for the 2022 First Quarter.  See table below for a breakdown of total net revenue.

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Variance
	2023		2022		$			%
	(In thousands, except percentages)
Revenue related to:	In USD
Mature Clinics (1)	$	114,502	$	108,229	$	6,273		5.8	%
2023 Clinic Additions		371		-		371		*		(2)
2022 Clinic Additions		11,708		195		11,513		*		(2)
Clinics sold or closed in 2022		-		1,114		(1,114	)	*		(2)
Net patient revenue from physical therapy operations		126,581		109,538		17,043		15.6	%
Other revenue		799		872		(73	)	-8.4	%
Physical therapy operations		127,380		110,410		16,970		15.4	%
Management contracts		1,779		2,226		(447	)	-20.1	%
Industrial injury prevention services		19,350		19,068		282		1.5	%
	$	148,509	$	131,704	$	16,805		12.8	%

(1) See Glossary of Terms - Key Business Metrics for the definition.

(2) Not meaningful.

Revenue from physical therapy operations increased $17.0 million, or 15.4%, to $127.4 million for the 2023 First Quarter from $110.4 million for the 2022 First Quarter primarily due to a 15.4% increase in the number of patient visits to 1,227,490 for the 2023 First Quarter from 1,063,519 in the 2022 First Quarter. Net patient revenue per visit increased to $103.12 in the 2023 First Quarter from $103.00 in the 2022 First Quarter.

IIP services revenue increased to $19.4 million for the 2023 First Quarter as compared to $19.1 million for the 2022 First Quarter.

Operating Cost

Operating cost was $117.7 million for the 2023 First Quarter, or 79.2% of net revenue, compared to $105.1 million, or 79.8% of net revenue, for the 2022 First Quarter. Salaries and related costs were 57.9% of net revenue for the 2023 First Quarter versus 57.1% for the 2022 First Quarter.  Rent, supplies, contract labor and other costs as a percentage of total revenue were 20.3% for the 2023 First Quarter versus 21.8% for the 2022 First Quarter. The provision for credit losses as a percentage of total revenue was 1.0% for both 2023 First Quarter and 2022 First Quarter.  See table below for a more detailed breakdown of operating costs. See table below for a breakdown of Operating costs.

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	Three Months Ended March 31,				Variance
	2023		2022		$			%
Operating costs related to:
Mature clinics (1)	$	91,025	$	86,978	$	4,047		4.7	%
2023 clinic additions		432		-		432		*		(2)
2022 clinic additions		9,100		389		8,711		*		(2)
Clinics sold or closed in 2022		64		1,002		(938	)	*		(2)
Physical therapy operations		100,621		88,369		12,252		13.9	%
Management contracts		1,449		1,831		(382	)	-20.9	%
Industrial injury prevention services		15,582		14,916		666		4.5	%
Operating costs	$	117,652	$	105,116	$	12,536		11.9	%

(1) See Glossary of Terms of our Key Business Metrics for the definition of these terms.

(2) Not meaningful

Physical therapy operating costs increased $12.3 million or 13.9% primarily driven by the impact of a full quarter of 2022 and 2023 clinic additions.  Additionally, costs associated with mature clinics increased 4.7% mostly due to higher salaries and related costs related to a 6.0% increase in patient visits at mature clinics.

IIP services operating costs increased by $0.7 million, or 4.5%, to $15.6 million as compared to $14.9 million in the 2022 First Quarter.

Operating Cost—Salaries and Related Costs

Salaries and related costs was $86.0 million or 57.9% of net revenue for the 2023 First Quarter versus $75.1 million or 57.1% for the 2022 First Quarter. Salaries and related costs for the physical therapy operations was $72.6 million in the 2023 First Quarter, or 57.0% of physical therapy operations revenue, as compared to $62.5 million in the 2022 First Quarter, or 56.6% of physical therapy operations revenue. Salaries and related costs for the IIP business was $12.1 million in the 2023 First Quarter, or 62.8% of IIP services revenue, as compared to $11.1 million in the 2022 First Quarter, or 58.2% of IIP revenue.

Operating Cost—Rent, Supplies, Contract Labor and Other

Rent, supplies, contract labor and other costs as a percentage of total revenue were $30.1 million or 20.3% for the 2023 First Quarter versus $28.7 million or 21.8% for the 2022 First Quarter. Rent, supplies, contract labor and other costs for the physical therapy operations was $26.5 million in the 2023 First Quarter, or 20.8% of physical therapy operations revenue, as compared to $24.6 million in the 2022 First Quarter, or 22.3% of physical therapy operations revenue. Rent, supplies, contract labor and other costs for the IIP services business was $3.4 million in the 2023 First Quarter, or 17.7% of IIP services revenue, as compared to $3.8 million in the 2022 First Quarter, or 20.1% of net IIP services revenue.

Operating Cost—Provision for Credit Losses

The provision for credit losses as a percentage of net revenue were 1.0% in the 2023 First Quarter and for 2022 First Quarter.

Our provision for credit losses for patient accounts receivable as a percentage of total patient accounts receivable was 4.5% on March 31, 2023, as compared to 5.2% on December 31, 2022. Our days’ sales outstanding were both 31 days on March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022.

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Gross Profit

Gross profit for the 2023 First Quarter increased $4.3 million, or 16.1%, to $30.9 million from $26.6 million for the 2022 First Quarter. The following table provides a more detailed breakdown of gross profit and related gross profit margins:

	First Quarter Ended March 31,
	2023					2022					Variance
	In USD		Margin %			In USD		Margin %			$			%
Physical therapy operations	$	26,759		21.0	%	$	22,041		20.0	%	$	4,718		21.4	%
Management contracts		330		18.5	%		395		17.7	%		(65	)	-16.5	%
Industrial injury prevention services		3,768		19.5	%		4,152		21.8	%		(384	)	-9.2	%
Gross profit	$	30,857		20.8	%	$	26,588		20.2	%	$	4,269		16.1	%

Corporate Office Cost

Corporate office cost was $13.9 million, or 9.3% of net revenue, for the 2023 First Quarter compared to $11.6 million, or 8.8% of net revenue, for the 2022 First Quarter.

Operating Income

Operating income was $17.0 million for the 2023 First Quarter compared to $15.0 million in the 2022 First Quarter. In both comparative periods, the operating income was 11.4% of net revenue.

Other Income and Expense

For 2023 First Quarter, other expenses were $2.6 million compared to other income of $0.4 million in 2022 First Quarter.

During the 2023 First Quarter, we recognized $0.5 million of Relief Funds. The Relief Funds were received in prior years but were subject to certain compliance requirements which were met in 2023 First Quarter. We do not expect to receive or recognize any future Relief Funds. No such income was recognized in the comparable prior year period.

During the 2023 First Quarter, we revalued the contingent earn-out consideration related to an acquisition and recognized an increase in the related liability of $0.7 million.

The revaluation of the put-right liability resulted in an increase of $0.1 million to the related liability for the 2023 First Quarter. The put-right relates to the potential future purchase of a company that provides physical therapy and rehabilitation services to hospitals and other ancillary providers in a distinct market area. The owners have the right to put this transaction to us in approximately five years from November 2021. The value of this right will continue to be adjusted in future periods, as appropriate.

Interest expense, net of $0.6 million savings from the interest rate swap arrangement discussed below, was $2.6 million for the 2023 First Quarter compared to $0.5 million in the 2022 First Quarter. The increase in interest expense was primarily due to a higher effective interest rate as well as increased borrowings to fund acquisitions. The overall effective interest rate on our debt was 5.5% for the 2023 First Quarter.

Through a subsidiary, we have a 49% joint venture interest in a company which provides physical therapy services for patients at hospitals. Since we are deemed to not have a controlling interest in the joint venture, our investment is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The investment balance of this joint venture as of March 31, 2023, is $12.2 million. For the 2023 First Quarter, we recognized income of $0.3 million on this 49% joint venture.

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Provision for Income Taxes

The provision for income tax was $3.0 million for the 2023 First Quarter compared to $3.5 million for the 2022 First Quarter. The provision for income tax as a percentage of income before taxes less net income attributable to non-controlling interest (effective tax rate) was 28.6% for the 2023 First Quarter and 28.4% for the 2022 First Quarter. A reconciliation of our income tax expense and effective income rate is as follows:

	First Quarter Ended March 31,
	2023			2022
	(In thousands, except percentages)
Income before taxes	$	14,396		$	15,480
Less: net loss (income) attributable to non-controlling interest:
Redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		(2,720	)		(2,557	)
Non-controlling interest - permanent equity		(1,297	)		(626	)
	$	(4,017	)	$	(3,183	)
Income before taxes less net income attributable to non-controlling interest	$	10,379		$	12,297
Provision for income taxes	$	2,969		$	3,498
Percentage		28.6	%		28.4	%

Net Income Attributable to Non-controlling Interest

Net income attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest (temporary equity) was $2.7 million for the 2023 First Quarter and $2.6 million for the 2022 First Quarter.  Net income attributable to non-controlling interest (permanent equity) was $1.3 million for the 2023 First Quarter and $0.6 million for the 2022 First Quarter.

Other Comprehensive Loss

The Company entered into an interest rate swap effective on June 30, 2022, which will mature on June 30, 2027.  It has a $150.0 million notional value adjusted concurrently with scheduled principal payments made on the Term Facility. On March 31, 2023, the fair value of the interest rate swap was $3.6 million, a decrease of $1.8 million, net of tax, as compared to December 31, 2022.  The fair value of the interest rate swap is included in other assets (current and long term) in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet while the decrease in fair value is presented as unrealized loss in the accompanying unaudited consolidated statements of comprehensive income. The interest rate swap arrangement has generated $0.7 million in interest savings since its inception. The average interest rate for the term loan during the 2023 First Quarter was 4.9%.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS – Key Business Metrics

Mature clinics are clinics opened or acquired prior to January 1, 2021, and are still operating as of the balance sheet date.

Net rate per patient visit is net patient revenue related to our physical therapy operations divided by total number of patient visits (defined below) during the periods presented.

Patient visits is the number of unique patient visits during the periods presented.

Average visits per day per clinic is patient visits divided by the number of days in which normal business operations were conducted during the periods presented and further divided by the average number of clinics in operation during the periods presented.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

We believe that our business has sufficient cash to allow us to meet our short-term cash requirements. On March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022, we had $32.6 million and $31.6 million, respectively, in cash and cash equivalents.  We believe that our cash and cash equivalents and availability under our Credit Facilities are sufficient to fund the working capital needs of our operating subsidiaries through at least March 31, 2024.

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Cash and cash equivalents increased by $8.4 million from March 31, 2022 to March 31, 2023.  During the First Quarter 2023, $11.3 million was provided by operations, $2.3 million was provided by financing activities and $12.7 million was used in investing activities. The major uses of cash for investing and financing activities included: purchase of business and non-controlling interest ($11.0 million) distributions to non-controlling interests inclusive of those classified as redeemable non-controlling interest ($3.3 million), and purchase of fixed assets ($2.1 million).

On June 17, 2022, we entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) among Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (“Administrative Agent”) and the lenders from time-to-time party thereto.

The Credit Agreement, which matures on June 17, 2027, provides for loans in an aggregate principal amount of $325 million. Such loans will be available through the following facilities (collectively, the “Senior Credit Facilities”):

1)          Revolving Facility: $175 million, five-year, revolving credit facility (“Revolving Facility”), which includes a $12 million sublimit for the issuance of standby letters of credit and a $15 million sublimit for swingline loans (each, a “Swingline Loan”).

2)          Term Facility: $150 million term loan facility (the “Term Facility”). The Term Facility amortizes in quarterly installments of: (a) 0.625% in each of the first two years, (b) 1.250% in the third and fourth year, and (c) 1.875% in the fifth year of the Credit Agreement. The remaining outstanding principal balance of all term loans is due on the maturity date.

The proceeds of the Revolving Facility have been and shall continue to be used by us for working capital and other general corporate purposes of our Company and its subsidiaries, including to fund future acquisitions and invest in growth opportunities. The proceeds of the Term Facility were used by us to refinance the indebtedness outstanding under the Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the loan facilities transactions, for working capital and other general corporate purposes.

We will be permitted to increase the Revolving Facility and/or add one or more tranches of term loans in an aggregate amount not to exceed the sum of (i) $100 million plus (ii) an unlimited additional amount, provided that (in the case of clause (ii)), after giving effect to such increases, the pro forma Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) would not exceed 2.0:1.0, and the aggregate amount of all incremental increases under the Revolving Facility does not exceed $50,000,000.

The interest rates per annum applicable to the Senior Credit Facilities (other than in respect of Swingline Loans) will be Term SOFR as defined in the agreement plus an applicable margin or, at our option, an alternate base rate plus an applicable margin. Currently, our interest rate including the applicable margin is 4.915%. Interest is payable at the end of the selected interest period but no less frequently than quarterly and on the date of maturity.

We will also pay to the Administrative Agent, for the account of each lender under the Revolving Facility, a commitment fee equal to the actual daily excess of each lender’s commitment over its outstanding credit exposure under the Revolving Facility (“unused fee”). We may prepay and/or repay the revolving loans and the term loans, and/or terminate the revolving loan commitments, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty, subject to certain conditions.

The Credit Agreement contains customary covenants limiting, among other things, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the creation of liens, mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions, sales of assets, dividends, and other payments in respect of equity interests, acquisitions, investments, loans and guarantees, subject, in each case, to customary exceptions, thresholds and baskets. The Credit Agreement includes certain financial covenants which include the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio and the Consolidated Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also contains customary events of default.

Our obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by our wholly owned material domestic subsidiaries (each, a “Guarantor”), and our obligations and any Guarantors are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in substantially all of our existing and future personal property and each Guarantor, subject to certain exceptions.

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In May 2022, we entered into an interest rate swap agreement, effective on June 30, 2022, with Bank of America, N.A, which became effective on June 30, 2022. It has a $150 million notional value adjusted concurrently with schedule principal payments made on the term loan, and has a maturity date of June 30, 2027. Beginning in July 2022, we receive 1-month SOFR, and pay a fixed rate of interest of 2.815% on 1-month SOFR on a quarterly basis. The total interest rate in any period also includes an applicable margin based on our consolidated leverage ratio. In connection with the swap, no cash was exchanged between us and the counterparty.

We designated our interest rate swap as a cash flow hedge and structured it to be highly effective. Consequently, unrealized gains and losses related to the fair value of the interest rate swap are recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax.

On March 31, 2023, $147.2 million was outstanding on the Term Loan and $38.0 million was outstanding under the Revolving Facility. The Revolving Facility has $137.0 million of availability. As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all of the covenants thereunder.

On February 28, 2023, we acquired an 80% interest in a one-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners and founders retained 20% of the equity interest. The purchase price for the 80% equity interest was approximately $6.2 million, of which $5.8 million was paid in cash and $0.4 million in the form of a note payable.  The note accrues interest at 4.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on February 28, 2025.

On November 30, 2022, we acquired an 80% interest in a thirteen-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 20% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 80% equity interest was approximately $25.0 million, of which $24.2 million was paid in cash and $0.8 million in the form of a note payable. The note accrues interest at 7.0% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on November 30, 2024.

On October 31, 2022, we acquired a 60% interest in a fourteen-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 40% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 60% equity interest was approximately $19.5 million, with a potential additional amount to be paid at a later date based on the performance of the business. This contingent consideration had a fair value of $8.9 million on March 31, 2023. The fair value of this contingent consideration will be adjusted quarterly based on certain criteria and market inputs.

On September 30, 2022, we acquired an 80% interest in a two-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 20% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 80% equity interest was approximately $4.2 million, of which $3.9 million was paid in cash and $0.3 million in the form of a note payable.  The note accrues interest at 5.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on September 30, 2024.

On August 31, 2022, we acquired a 70% interest in a six-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 30% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 70% equity interest was approximately $3.5 million, of which $3.3 million was paid in cash and $0.2 million in the form of a note payable.  The note accrues interest at 5.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on August 31, 2024.

On March 31, 2022, we acquired a 70% interest in a six-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 30% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 70% equity interest was approximately $11.5 million, of which $11.2 million was paid in cash and $0.3 million is in the form of a note payable.  The note accrues interest at 3.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on March 31, 2024.

Historically, we have generated sufficient cash from operations to fund our development activities and to cover operational needs. We plan to continue developing new clinics and making additional acquisitions. We have from time to time purchased the non-controlling interests of limited partners in our Clinic Partnerships. We may purchase additional non-controlling interests in the future. Generally, any acquisition or purchase of non-controlling interests is expected to be accomplished using a combination of cash and financing. Any large acquisition would likely require financing.

39

We make reasonable and appropriate efforts to collect accounts receivable, including applicable deductible and co-payment amounts. Claims are submitted to payors daily, weekly or monthly in accordance with our policy or payor’s requirements. When possible, we submit our claims electronically. The collection process is time consuming and typically involves the submission of claims to multiple payors whose payment of claims may be dependent upon the payment of another payor. Claims under litigation and vehicular incidents can take a year or longer to collect. Medicare and other payor claims relating to new clinics awaiting CMS approval initially may not be submitted for six months or more. When all reasonable internal collection efforts have been exhausted, accounts are written off prior to sending them to outside collection firms. With managed care, commercial health plans and self-pay payor type receivables, the write-off generally occurs after the account receivable has been outstanding for 120 days or longer.

We generally enter into various notes payable as a means of financing our acquisitions. Our present outstanding notes payable primarily relate to the acquisitions of a business or acquisitions of majority interests in businesses. At March 31, 2023, our remaining outstanding balance on these notes aggregated $7.0 million. $6.0 million of the outstanding notes payable are payable in 2023 and 2024 and $1.0 million is payable in 2025. Notes are generally payable in equal annual installments of principal over two years plus any accrued and unpaid interest. Interest accrues at various interest rates ranging from 3.25% to 8.0% per annum.

The limited partnership agreements, as amended, provide that, upon the triggering events, we have a Call Right and the selling entity or individual has a Put Right for the purchase and sale of the limited partnership interest held by the partner. Once triggered, the Put Right and the Call Right do not expire, even upon an individual partner’s death, and contain no mandatory redemption feature. The purchase price of the partner’s limited partnership interest upon the exercise of either the Put Right or the Call Right is calculated per the terms of the respective agreements and classified as redeemable non-controlling interest (temporary equity) in our consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the redeemable non-controlling interest at March 31, 2023 was $164.3 million.

In conjunction with the above-mentioned acquisitions, in the event that a limited minority partner’s employment ceases at any time after a specified date that is typically between three and five years from the acquisition date, we have agreed to certain contractual provisions which enable such minority partners to exercise their right to trigger our repurchase of that partner’s non-controlling interest at a predetermined multiple of earnings before interest and taxes.

As of March 31, 2023, we have accrued $8.0 million related to credit balances due to patients and payors.  This amount is expected to be paid in the next twelve months.

From September 2001 through December 31, 2008, our Board of Directors (“Board”) authorized us to purchase, in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, up to 2,250,000 shares of our common stock. In March 2009, the Board authorized the repurchase of up to 10% or approximately 1,200,000 shares of our common stock (“March 2009 Authorization”). Our Credit Agreement permits share repurchases of up to $15,000,000 in the aggregate, subject to compliance with covenants. We are required to retire shares purchased under the March 2009 Authorization.

There is no expiration date for the share repurchase program. As of March 31, 2023, there are currently an additional estimated 156,855 shares (based on the closing price of $95.63 on March 31, 2023) that may be purchased from time to time in the open market or private transactions depending on price, availability and our cash position. We did not purchase any shares of our common stock during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

We maintain an interest rate swap arrangement which is considered a derivative instrument. Our indebtedness as of March 31, 2023, was the outstanding balance of seller notes from our acquisitions of $7.0 million, and an outstanding balance on our Credit Agreement of $185.2 million, which includes a term note with a balance of $147.2 million and $38.0 million drawn under our Revolving Facility. The Revolving Facility is subject to fluctuating interest rates. A 1% change in the interest rate would yield an additional $0.4 million of interest expense. See Note 9 to the unaudited consolidated financial statements.

40

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, the Company’s management completed an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded (i) that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and (ii) that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the period covered by this report that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II—OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

We are a party to various legal actions, proceedings, and claims (some of which are not insured), and regulatory and other governmental audits and investigations in the ordinary course of our business. We cannot predict the ultimate outcome of pending litigation, proceedings, and regulatory and other governmental audits and investigations. These matters could potentially subject us to sanctions, damages, recoupments, fines, and other penalties. The Department of Justice, CMS, or other federal and state enforcement and regulatory agencies may conduct additional investigations related to our businesses in the future that may, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.

Except as provided below, there have been no material changes to our risk factors as previously disclosed in Item 1A contained in Part I of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and filed with the SEC on February 28, 2023.

Actual or perceived events involving banking volatility or limited liability, defaults or other adverse developments that affect the U.S. or international financial systems, may result in market wide liquidity problems which could have a material and adverse impact on our available cash and results of operations.

At any point in time, the funds in our operating accounts with financial institutions or financial services industry companies with which we have financial, or business relationships may exceed the applicable Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) limits. While we monitor the cash balances in our operating accounts and adjust the cash balances as appropriate, these cash balances could be impacted if the underlying institutions fail. There is no guarantee that the FDIC will provide access to all or some uninsured funds in the event of the closure, default, or non-performance of the financial institution or financial services industry companies with which they have relationships, if such parties may be unable to satisfy their obligations with us. To date, we have not experienced losses of cash in our operating accounts or our invested cash and cash equivalents as a result of any banking volatility; however, we can provide no assurances that access to our operating cash or cash and cash equivalents will not be impacted by adverse conditions in the financial markets. Further, banking volatility or adverse developments impacting financial systems may make equity or debt financing more difficult to obtain, and additional debt or equity financing might not be available on reasonable terms, if at all. Difficulties obtaining debt or equity financing could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

41

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS.

Exhibit Number	Description
99.1	U. S. Physical Therapy, Inc. Objective Long-Term Incentive Plan for Senior Management for 2023, effective March 2, 2023 [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Company Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023].
99.2	U. S. Physical Therapy, Inc. Discretionary Long-Term Incentive Plan for Senior Management for 2023, effective March 2, 2023 [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to the Company Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023].
99.3	U. S. Physical Therapy, Inc. Objective Cash/RSA Bonus Plan for Senior Management for 2023, effective March 2, 2023 [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to the Company Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023].
99.4	U. S. Physical Therapy, Inc. Discretionary Cash/RSA Bonus Plan for Senior Management for 2023, effective March 2, 2023 [incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4 to the Company Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 2, 2023].
31.1*	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer.
31.2*	Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer.
32*	Certification Pursuant to 18 U.S.C 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*	XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

* Filed herewith

42

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on our behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

	U.S. PHYSICAL THERAPY, INC.
Date: May 5, 2023	By:	/s/ CAREY HENDRICKSON
		Carey Hendrickson
		Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal financial and accounting officer)

43

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Christopher Reading, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of U.S. Physical Therapy, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ CHRISTOPHER READING

Christopher Reading

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal executive officer)

Date: May 5, 2023

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Carey Hendrickson, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of U.S. Physical Therapy, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b. Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c. Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d. Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a. All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b. Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ CAREY HENDRICKSON

Carey Hendrickson

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal financial and accounting officer)

Date: May 5, 2023

EX-32

EXHIBIT 32

CERTIFICATION OF PERIODIC REPORT

In connection with the Quarterly Report of U.S. Physical Therapy, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the three ended March 31, 2023, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Christopher J. Reading, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Carey Hendrickson, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) the Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

May 5, 2023

/s/ CHRISTOPHER J. READING

Christopher J. Reading

Chief Executive Officer

/s/ CAREY HENDRICKSON

Carey Hendrickson

Chief Financial Officer

This certification is made solely pursuant to the requirement of Section 1350 of 18 U.S.C. and is not for any other purpose. A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to U. S. Physical Therapy, Inc. and will be retained by U. S. Physical Therapy, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	May 05, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Amendment Flag	false
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2023
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-11151
Entity Registrant Name	U S PHYSICAL THERAPY INC /NV
Entity Central Index Key	0000885978
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	NV
Entity Tax Identification Number	76-0364866
Entity Address, Address Line One	1300 WEST SAM HOUSTON PARKWAY SOUTH
Entity Address, Address Line Two	SUITE 300
Entity Address, City or Town	HOUSTON
Entity Address, State or Province	TX
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	77042
City Area Code	713
Local Phone Number	297-7000
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $.01 par value
Trading Symbol	USPH
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		13,062,583

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 32,605	$ 31,594
Patient accounts receivable, less allowance for credit losses of $2,674 and $2,829, respectively	56,647	51,934
Accounts receivable - other	17,816	16,671
Other current assets	10,726	11,067
Total current assets	117,794	111,266
Fixed assets:
Furniture and equipment	63,139	62,074
Leasehold improvements	43,525	42,877
Fixed assets, gross	106,664	104,951
Less accumulated depreciation and amortization	82,026	80,203
Fixed assets, net	24,638	24,748
Operating lease right-of-use assets	100,604	103,004
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate	12,160	12,131
Goodwill	501,347	494,101
Other identifiable intangible assets, net	108,991	108,755
Other assets	2,593	4,149
Total assets	868,127	858,154
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable - trade	4,233	3,300
Accounts payable - due to seller of acquired business	0	3,204
Accrued expenses	45,220	37,413
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	33,650	33,709
Current portion of term loan and notes payable	7,730	7,863
Total current liabilities	90,833	85,489
Notes payable, net of current portion	2,583	1,913
Revolving line of credit	38,000	31,000
Term Loan, net of current portion and deferred financing costs	142,098	142,918
Deferred taxes	21,524	21,303
Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion	75,460	77,934
Other long-term liabilities	13,870	13,029
Total liabilities	384,368	373,586
Redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity	164,283	167,515
Commitments and Contingencies
U.S. Physical Therapy, Inc. ("USPH") shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, $.01 par value, 500,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Common stock, $.01 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 15,277,320 and 15,216,326 shares issued, respectively	152	152
Additional paid-in capital	112,123	110,317
Accumulated other comprehensive gain	2,651	4,004
Retained earnings	234,760	232,948
Treasury stock at cost, 2,214,737 shares	(31,628)	(31,628)
Total USPH shareholders' equity	318,058	315,793
Non-controlling interest - permanent equity	1,418	1,260
Total USPH shareholders' equity and non-controlling interest - permanent equity	319,476	317,053
Total liabilities, redeemable non-controlling interest, USPH shareholders' equity and non-controlling interest - permanent equity	$ 868,127	$ 858,154

XML

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Current assets:
Allowance for credit losses, patient accounts receivable	$ 2,674	$ 2,829
U.S. Physical Therapy, Inc. ("USPH") shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	500,000	500,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	0	0
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.01	$ 0.01
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	20,000,000	20,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	15,277,320	15,216,326
Treasury stock (in shares)	2,214,737	2,214,737

XML

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF NET INCOME - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Revenues:
Net revenue	$ 148,509	$ 131,704
Operating cost:
Salaries and related costs	86,040	75,149
Rent, supplies, contract labor and other	30,100	28,662
Provision for credit losses	1,512	1,305
Total operating cost	117,652	105,116
Gross profit	30,857	26,588
Corporate office costs	13,859	11,556
Operating income	16,998	15,032
Other income and expense:
Relief Funds	467	0
Change in fair value of contingent earn-out consideration	(698)	0
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	274	339
Interest and other income, net	64	46
Change in revaluation of put-right liability	(149)	603
Interest expense - debt and other	(2,560)	(540)
Total other income and expense	(2,602)	448
Income before taxes	14,396	15,480
Provision for income taxes	2,969	3,498
Net income	11,427	11,982
Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interest:
Redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity	(2,720)	(2,557)
Non-controlling interest - permanent equity	(1,297)	(626)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest	(4,017)	(3,183)
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	$ 7,410	$ 8,799
Basic earnings per share attributable to USPH shareholders (in dollars per share)	$ 0.58	$ 0.67
Diluted earnings per share attributable to USPH shareholders (in dollars per share)	$ 0.58	$ 0.67
Shares used in computation - basic (in shares)	13,025	12,937
Shares used in computation - diluted (in shares)	13,025	12,937
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.43	$ 0.41
Net Patient Revenue [Member]
Revenues:
Net revenue	$ 126,581	$ 109,538
Other Revenue [Member]
Revenues:
Net revenue	$ 21,928	$ 22,166

XML

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME [Abstract]
Net income	$ 11,427	$ 11,982
Other comprehensive loss
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedge	(1,817)	0
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)	464	0
Comprehensive income	10,074	11,982
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest	(4,017)	(3,183)
Comprehensive income attributable to USPH shareholders	$ 6,057	$ 8,799

XML

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income including non-controlling interest	$ 11,427	$ 11,982
Adjustments to reconcile net income including non-controlling interest to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	3,788	3,824
Provision for credit losses	1,512	1,305
Equity-based awards compensation expense	1,806	1,846
Deferred income taxes	221	2,132
Change in revaluation of put-right liability	149	(603)
Change in fair value of contingent earn-out consideration	698	0
Earnings in unconsolidated affiliate	(274)	(339)
Other	125	93
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Increase in patient accounts receivable	(5,999)	(4,676)
Increase in accounts receivable - other	(796)	(2,145)
Increase (decrease) in other assets	1,897	(735)
(Decrease ) increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses	(1,846)	1,445
Decrease in other long-term liabilities	(1,359)	(2,480)
Net cash provided by operating activities	11,349	11,649
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchase of fixed assets	(2,059)	(2,528)
Purchase of majority interest in businesses, net of cash acquired	(5,796)	(11,242)
Purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest, temporary equity	(5,178)	(2,211)
Purchase of non controlling interest-permanent	0	(99)
Proceeds on sale of partnership interest - redeemable non-controlling interest	107	4
Distributions from unconsolidated affiliate	245	132
Net cash used in investing activities	(12,681)	(15,944)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Distributions to non-controlling interest, permanent and temporary equity	(3,297)	(3,711)
Proceeds from revolving line of credit	7,000	35,000
Proceeds from term loan	0	(31,000)
Payments on term loan	(938)	0
Principal payments on notes payable	(422)	(332)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	2,343	(43)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	1,011	(4,338)
Cash and cash equivalents - beginning of period	31,594	28,567	$ 28,567
Cash and cash equivalents - end of period	32,605	24,229	$ 31,594
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes	442	81
Interest paid	1,377	525
Non-cash investing and financing transactions during the period:
Purchase of businesses - seller financing portion	360	300
Notes payable related to purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest, temporary equity	611	246
Notes payable related to purchase of non-controlling interest, permanent equity	0	296
Notes receivable related to sale of partnership interest - redeemable non-controlling interest	532	0
Dividends payable to USPH shareholders	$ 5,617	$ 5,327

XML

UNAUDITED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	Common Stock [Member]	Additional Paid-In Capital [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Gain [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Treasury Stock [Member]	Total Shareholders' Equity [Member]	Non-Controlling Interests [Member]	Total
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 151	$ 102,688		$ 224,395	$ (31,628)	$ 295,606	$ 1,575	$ 297,181
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021	15,126				(2,215)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of restricted stock, net of cancellations	$ 0	0		0	$ 0	0	0	0
Issuance of restricted stock, net of cancellations (in shares)	80				0
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest, net of tax	$ 0	0		(113)	$ 0	(113)	0	(113)
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest, net of tax (in shares)	0				0
Compensation expense - equity-based awards	$ 0	1,846		0	$ 0	1,846	0	1,846
Transfer of compensation liability for certain stock issued pursuant to long-term incentive plans	0	706		0	0	706	0	706
Purchase of partnership interests - non-controlling interest	0	(46)		0	0	(46)	(334)	(380)
Sale of non-controlling interest, net of purchases	0	0		0	0	0	0	0
Dividends payable to USPH shareholders	0	0		(5,327)	0	(5,327)	0	(5,327)
Distributions to non-controlling interest partners - permanent equity	0	0		0	0	0	(1,308)	(1,308)
Other	0	11		(511)	0	(500)	686	186
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest - permanent equity	0	0		0	0	0	626	626
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	0	0		8,799	0	8,799	0	8,799
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 151	105,205		227,243	$ (31,628)	300,971	1,245	302,216
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022	15,206				(2,215)
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 152	110,317	$ 4,004	232,948	$ (31,628)	315,793	1,260	317,053
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022	15,216				(2,215)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Issuance of restricted stock, net of cancellations	$ 0	0	0	0	$ 0	0	0	0
Issuance of restricted stock, net of cancellations (in shares)	61				0
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest, net of tax	$ 0	0	0	(119)	$ 0	(119)	0	(119)
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest, net of tax (in shares)	0				0
Compensation expense - equity-based awards	$ 0	1,806	0	0	$ 0	1,806	0	1,806
Dividends payable to USPH shareholders	0	0	0	(5,617)	0	(5,617)	0	(5,617)
Distributions to non-controlling interest partners - permanent equity	0	0	0	0	0	0	(1,139)	(1,139)
Deferred taxes related to redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity	0	0	0	137	0	137	0	137
Other	0	0	0	1	0	1	0	1
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest - permanent equity	0	0	0	0	0	0	1,297	1,297
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	0	0	0	7,410	0	7,410	0	7,410
Other comprehensive gain	0	0	(1,353)	0	0	(1,353)	0	(1,353)
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 152	$ 112,123	$ 2,651	$ 234,760	$ (31,628)	$ 318,058	$ 1,418	$ 319,476
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	15,277				(2,215)

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of U.S. Physical Therapy, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”). All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

The Company operates its business through two reportable business segments: (a) physical therapy operations segment, and (b) industrial injury prevention services segment. The Company’s physical therapy operations consist of physical therapy and occupational therapy clinics that provide pre-and post-operative care and treatment for orthopedic-related disorders, sports-related injuries, preventive care, rehabilitation of injured workers and neurological injuries. Services provided by the industrial injury prevention (“IIP”) services segment include onsite injury prevention and rehabilitation, performance optimization and ergonomic assessments.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and year-ended December 31, 2022, the Company completed the acquisitions of the following single and multi-clinic practices detailed below.

Acquisition	Date	% Interest Acquired	Number of Clinics
February 2023 Acquisition	February 28, 2023	80%	1
November 2022 Acquisition	November 30, 2022	80%	13
October 2022 Acquisition	October 31, 2022	60%	14
September 2022 Acquisition	September 30, 2022	80%	2
August 2022 Acquisition	August 31, 2022	70%	6
March 2022 Acquisition	March 31, 2022	70%	6

As of March 31, 2023, the Company operated 647 clinics in 40 states. The Company also manages physical therapy facilities for third parties, primarily hospitals and physicians, with 35 third-party facilities under management as of March 31, 2023.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company closed one clinic.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q. However, the statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. Management believes this report contains all necessary adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) to present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes on the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (“Annual Report on Form 10-K”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2023.

Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results the Company expects for the entire year.

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the amount paid and fair value of the non-controlling interests over the fair value of the acquired business assets, which include certain identifiable intangible assets. Historically, goodwill has been derived from acquisitions and, prior to 2009, from the purchase of some or all of a particular local management’s equity interest in an existing clinic. Effective January 1, 2009, if the purchase price of a non-controlling interest by the Company exceeds or is less than the book value at the time of purchase, any excess or shortfall is recognized as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital.

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but are instead subject to periodic impairment evaluations. The fair value of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives are evaluated for impairment at least annually upon the occurrence of certain events or conditions and are written down to fair value if considered impaired. These events or conditions include but are not limited to a significant adverse change in the business environment, regulatory environment, or legal factors; a current period operating, or cash flow, loss combined with a history of such losses or a projection of continuing losses; or a sale or disposition of a significant portion of a reporting unit. The occurrence of one of these events or conditions could significantly impact an impairment assessment, necessitating an impairment charge. The Company evaluates indefinite-lived tradenames in conjunction with our annual goodwill impairment test.

The Company operates its business through two segments consisting of physical therapy clinics and its industrial injury prevention services business. For purposes of goodwill impairment analysis, the segments are further broken down into reporting units. Reporting units within our physical therapy business are comprised of six regions primarily based on each clinic’s location. In 2022 and 2023, the industrial injury prevention services business consisted of two reporting units.

As part of the impairment analysis, the Company is first required to assess qualitatively if it can conclude whether goodwill is more likely than not impaired. If goodwill is more likely than not impaired, it is then required to complete a quantitative analysis of whether a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount. In evaluating whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the Company considers relevant events or circumstances that affect the fair value or carrying amount of a reporting unit. The Company considers both the income and market approach in determining the fair value of its reporting units when performing a quantitative analysis.

An impairment loss generally would be recognized when the carrying amount of the net assets of a reporting unit, inclusive of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets, exceeds the estimated fair value of the reporting unit.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, no triggering events or indicators were identified that would require impairment assessments as of such dates.  In 2022, the Company recorded goodwill impairment of $9.1 million related to one reporting unit in the industrial injury prevention services business. The impairment is related to a change in the reporting unit’s current and projected operating income as well as various market inputs based on current market conditions, including the higher interest rate environment. No impairment was recognized as a result of our annual assessment of goodwill and tradenames for the other seven reporting units. The Company also noted no impairment to long-lived assets for all reporting units.

The Company will continue to monitor for any triggering events or other indicators of impairment.

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates

Investments in unconsolidated affiliates, in which the Company has less than a controlling interest, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and, accordingly, are adjusted for capital contributions, distributions and the Company’s equity in net earnings or loss of the respective joint venture.

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest

The non-controlling interests that are reflected as redeemable non-controlling interest in the unaudited consolidated financial statements consist of those that the owners and the Company have certain redemption rights, whether currently exercisable or not, and which currently, or in the future, require that the Company purchase or the owner sell the non-controlling interest held by the owner, if certain conditions are met.  The purchase price is derived at a predetermined formula based on a multiple of trailing twelve months earnings performance as defined in the respective limited partnership agreements.  The redemption rights can be triggered by the owner or the Company at such time as both of the following events have occurred: 1) termination of the owner’s employment, regardless of the reason for such termination, and 2) the passage of specified number of years after the closing of the transaction, typically three to five years, as defined in the limited partnership agreement.  The redemption rights are not automatic or mandatory (even upon death) and require either the owner or the Company to exercise its rights when the conditions triggering the redemption rights have been satisfied.

On the date the Company acquires a controlling interest in a partnership, and the limited partnership agreement for such partnership contains redemption rights not under the control of the Company, the fair value of the non-controlling interest is recorded in the consolidated balance sheet under the caption – Redeemable non-controlling interest – temporary equity.  Then, in each reporting period thereafter until it is purchased by the Company, the redeemable non-controlling interest is adjusted to the greater of its then current redemption value or initial carrying value, based on the predetermined formula defined in the respective limited partnership agreement.  As a result, the value of the non-controlling interest is not adjusted below its initial carrying value.  The Company records any adjustments in the redemption value, net of tax, directly to retained earnings and the adjustments are not reflected in the unaudited consolidated statements of net income.  Although the adjustments are not reflected in the unaudited consolidated statements of net income, current accounting rules require that the Company reflects the adjustments, net of tax, in the earnings per share calculation.  The amount of net income attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest owners is included in consolidated net income on the face of the unaudited consolidated statements of net income. Management believes the redemption value (i.e. the carrying amount) and fair value are the same.

Non-Controlling Interest

The Company recognizes non-controlling interest, in which the Company has no obligation but the right to purchase the non-controlling interest, as permanent equity in the unaudited consolidated financial statements separate from the parent entity’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to non-controlling interest is included in consolidated net income on the face of the statements of net income. Changes in a parent entity’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are treated as equity transactions if the parent entity retains its controlling financial interest. The Company recognizes a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss is measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment on the deconsolidation date.

When the purchase price of a non-controlling interest by the Company exceeds the book value at the time of purchase, any excess or shortfall is recognized as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital. Additionally, operating losses are allocated to non-controlling interests even when such allocation creates a deficit balance for the non-controlling interest partner.

Provision for Credit Losses

The Company determines provisions for credit losses based on the specific agings and payor classifications at each clinic. The provision for credit losses is included in operating cost in the consolidated statements of net income. Net accounts receivable, which are stated at the historical carrying amount net of contractual allowances, write-offs and provisions for credit losses, includes only those amounts the Company estimates to be collectible.

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount to be recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority.

On August 16, 2022, Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 was enacted and signed into law and includes targeted tax provisions. The Company does not anticipate these tax provisions will have a material impact on the financial statements.

The Company did not have any accrued interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits nor was any interest expense recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company records any interest or penalties, if required, in interest and other expense, as appropriate.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, a fair value hierarchy has been established that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement).

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose significant inputs are observable; and

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, contingent earn-out payments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and notes payable approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturity of these financial instruments. The carrying amount of the debt under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (defined as “Credit Agreement” in Note 9) approximates the fair value. The interest rate on the debt under the Third Amended and Restated Amended Credit Agreement is tied to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”).

The valuations of the Company’s interest rate derivatives are measured as the present value of all expected future cash flows based on SOFR-based yield curves. The present value calculation uses discount rates that have been adjusted to reflect the credit quality of the Company and its counterparty which is a Level 2 fair value measurement.

The fair value of the interest rate swap on March 31, 2023, was $3.6 million, of which $2.6 million has been included within Other current assets and $1.0 million has been included in Other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The impact of the interest rate swap on the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income was an unrealized loss of $1.4 million, net of tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

The redeemable non-controlling interest included on the consolidated balance sheets and the put right associated with the potential future purchase of the separate company in the November 2021 industrial injury prevention services acquisition (the “IIP Acquisition) are both marked to fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs.  The redemption value of redeemable non-controlling interests approximates the fair value. The put right associated with the potential future purchase of a company is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model utilizing unobservable inputs such as asset volatility and discount rates. The unobservable inputs in the valuation include asset volatility of 25% and a discount rate of 10.98%. See Note 5 for the changes in the fair value of redeemable non-controlling interest. The put right decreased $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The put-right was valued at $3.7 million on March 31, 2023 and $2.7 million on March 31, 2022.

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by chief operating decision makers in determining the allocation of resources and in assessing performance.  The Company currently operates through two segments: physical therapy operations and industrial injury prevention services.

Use of Estimates

In preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements, management makes certain estimates and assumptions, especially in relation to, but not limited to, goodwill impairment, tradenames and other intangible assets, allocations of purchase price, allowance for credit losses, tax provision and contractual allowances, that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06 Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. As part of this update, convertible instruments are to be included in diluted earnings per share using the if-converted method, rather than the treasury stock method. Further, contracts which can be settled in cash or shares, excluding liability-classified share-based payment awards, are to be included in diluted earnings per share on an if-converted basis if the effect is dilutive, regardless of whether the entity or the counterparty can choose between cash and share settlement. The share-settlement presumption may not be rebutted based on past experience or a stated policy.

This pronouncement was effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2021. The Board specified that an entity should adopt the guidance at the beginning of its annual fiscal year. The Company adopted this pronouncement as of January 1, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2020-06 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens of the expected market transition from LIBOR and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. The new guidance was effective upon issuance, and the Company has elected to apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2022. Borrowings under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement bear interest based on SOFR.

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ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES [Abstract]

ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES

2. ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES

2023 Acquisition

On February 28, 2023, the Company acquired an 80% interest in a one-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 20% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 80% equity interest was approximately $6.2 million, of which $5.8 million was paid in cash and $0.4 million in the form of a note payable. The note accrues interest at 4.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on February 28, 2025.

The purchase price for the 2023 acquisition has been preliminarily allocated as follows (in thousands):

	Physical Therapy
	Operations
Cash paid, net of cash acquired	$	5,796
Seller note		360
Total consideration	$	6,156
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired:
Total current assets	$	168
Total non-current assets		1,062
Total liabilities		(1,012	)
Net tangible assets acquired		218
Customer and referral relationships		1,586
Non-compete agreement		76
Tradenames		391
Goodwill		5,424
Fair value of non-controlling interest (classified as redeemable non-controlling interest)		(1,539	)
	$	6,156

2022 Acquisitions

On November 30, 2022, the Company acquired an 80% interest in a thirteen-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 20% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 80% equity interest was approximately $25.0 million, of which $24.2 million was paid in cash and $0.8 million in the form of a note payable. As part of the acquisition, the Company agreed to additional contingent consideration of up to $1.6 million if future operational objectives are met. The additional contingent consideration is currently valued at $1.6 million.  The note accrues interest at 7.0% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on November 30, 2024.

On October 31, 2022, the Company acquired a 60% interest in a fourteen-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 40% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 60% equity interest was approximately $19.5 million, with additional contingent consideration valued at $9.0 million on March 31, 2023, to be paid at a later date based on the performance of the business. There is no maximum payout. The estimate of this contingent consideration will continue to be marked at fair value based on the practice’s operational results and updated market inputs.

On September 30, 2022, the Company acquired an 80% interest in a two-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 20% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 80% equity interest was approximately $4.2 million, of which $3.9 million was paid in cash and $0.3 million in the form of a note payable. The note accrues interest at 5.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on September 30, 2024.

On August 31, 2022, the Company acquired a 70% interest in a six-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 30% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 70% equity interest was approximately $3.5 million, of which $3.3 million was paid in cash and $0.2 million in the form of a note payable. The note accrues interest at 5.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on August 31, 2024.

On March 31, 2022, the Company acquired a 70% interest in a six-clinic physical therapy practice. The practice’s owners retained 30% of the equity interests. The purchase price for the 70% equity interest was approximately $11.5 million, of which $11.2 million was paid in cash and $0.3 million in the form of a note payable.  The note accrues interest at 3.5% per annum and the principal and interest are payable on March 31, 2024.

The purchase prices for the 2022 acquisitions have been preliminarily allocated as follows (in thousands):

	Physical Therapy
	Operations
Cash paid, net of cash acquired	$	59,788
Seller notes		1,574
Contingent payments		10,000
Total consideration	$	71,362
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired:
Total current assets	$	1,558
Total non-current assets		7,619
Total liabilities		(9,865	)
Net tangible assets acquired		(688	)
Customer and referral relationships		18,955
Non-compete agreements		983
Tradenames		4,417
Goodwill		74,496
Fair value of non-controlling interest (classified as redeemable non-controlling interest)		(26,801	)
	$	71,362

For the 2023 and 2022 acquisitions, a majority of total current assets primarily represents accounts receivable. Total non-current assets are fixed assets and equipment used in the practice.

The purchase price plus the fair value of the non-controlling interests for the acquisitions in 2022 were allocated to the fair value of the assets acquired, inclusive of identifiable intangible assets, (i.e. trade names, referral relationships and non-compete agreements) and liabilities assumed based on the fair values at the acquisition date, with the amount exceeding the fair values being recorded as goodwill.

For the acquisition in 2023, the values assigned to the customer and referral relationships and non-compete agreement are being amortized to expense equally over the respective estimated lives. For customer and referral relationships, the weighted-average amortization period was 12.0 years. For the non-compete agreements, the amortization period was 5.0 years. The values assigned to tradenames are tested annually for impairment.

For the acquisitions in 2022, the values assigned to the customer and referral relationships and non-compete agreements are being amortized to expense equally over the respective estimated lives. For customer and referral relationships, the weighted-average amortization period is 12.0 years. For non-compete agreements, the weighted-average amortization period is 5.0 years. The values assigned to tradenames are tested annually for impairment.

The consideration paid for each of the acquisitions was derived through arm’s length negotiations. Funding for the cash portions was derived from proceeds from the Company’s revolving credit facility. The results of operations of the acquisitions have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements since their respective date of acquisition. Unaudited proforma consolidated financial information for the acquisitions in 2023 and 2022 have not been included, as the results, individually and in the aggregate, were not material to current operations.

The purchase price plus the fair value of the non-controlling interest for the acquisitions in 2023 and those acquired after March 31, 2022 was allocated to the fair value of the assets acquired, inclusive of identifiable intangible assets (i.e. tradenames, referral relationships and non-compete agreements) and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date, with the amount in excess of fair values being recorded as goodwill. The Company is in the process of completing its formal valuation analysis of the acquisitions, to identify and determine the fair value of tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. Thus, the final allocation of the purchase price may differ from the preliminary estimates used on March 31, 2023 based on additional information obtained and completion of the valuation of the identifiable intangible assets. Changes in the estimated valuation of the tangible assets acquired, the completion of the valuation of identifiable intangible assets and the completion by the Company of the identification of any unrecorded pre-acquisition contingencies, where the liability is probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, will likely result in adjustments to goodwill. The Company does not expect the adjustments to be material.  The purchase price allocation for the March 2022 Acquisition has been finalized. The Company continues to evaluate the components for the purchase price allocations for other acquisitions in 2022 and 2023.

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REVENUE RECOGNITION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

REVENUE RECOGNITION [Abstract]

REVENUE RECOGNITION

3. REVENUE RECOGNITION

Revenues are recognized in the period in which services are rendered. Net patient revenue consists of revenues for physical therapy and occupational therapy clinics that provide pre-and post-operative care and treatment for orthopedic related disorders, sports-related injuries, preventative care, rehabilitation of injured workers and neurological-related injuries. Net patient revenue (patient revenues less estimated contractual adjustments – as described below) is recognized at the estimated net realizable amounts from third-party payors, patients and others in exchange for services rendered when obligations under the terms of the contract are satisfied. There is an implied contract between us and the patient upon each patient visit. Separate contractual arrangements exist between us and third-party payors (e.g. insurers, managed care programs, government programs, and workers’ compensation programs) which establish the amounts the third parties pay on behalf of the patients for covered services rendered. While these agreements are not considered contracts with the customer, they are used for determining the transaction price for services provided to the patients covered by the third-party payors. The payor contracts do not indicate performance obligations for us but indicate reimbursement rates for patients who are covered by those payors when the services are provided. At that time, we are obligated to provide services for the reimbursement rates stipulated in the payor contracts. The execution of the contract alone does not indicate a performance obligation. For self-paying customers, the performance obligation exists when we provide the services at established rates. The difference between our established rate and the anticipated reimbursement rate is accounted for as an offset to revenue—contractual allowance. The payment for the services rendered is due to the Company based on the respective payor contract. Typically, we receive payment within thirty to forty-five days of service.

Management contract revenue, which is included in other revenue in the consolidated statements of net income, is derived from contractual arrangements whereby the Company manages a clinic owned by a third party. The Company does not have any ownership interest in these clinics. Typically, revenue is determined based on the number of visits conducted at the clinic and recognized at the point in time when services are performed. Costs, typically salaries for our employees, are recorded when incurred. Management contract revenue is typically due the month following the service provided.

Revenue from the industrial injury prevention services segment, which is included in other revenue in the consolidated statements of net income, is derived from onsite services the Company provides to clients’ employees including injury prevention, rehabilitation, ergonomic assessments and performance optimization. Revenue from the industrial injury prevention services segment is recognized when obligations under the terms of the contract are satisfied. Revenue is recognized at an amount equal to the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for providing injury prevention services to its clients. The revenue is determined and recognized based on the number of hours and respective rate for services provided in a given period. Payment for services rendered is typically within thirty days.

Additionally, other revenue includes services the Company provides on-site, such as schools, for physical or occupational therapy services, and fees from athletic trainers. Contract terms and rates are agreed to in advance between the Company and the third parties. Services are typically performed over the contract period and revenue is recorded at the point of service. If the services are paid in advance, revenue is recorded as a liability over the period of the agreement and recognized at the point in time, when the services are performed.

The Company determines credit losses based on the specific agings and payor classifications at each clinic. The provision for credit losses is included in clinic operating cost in the statements of net income. Patient accounts receivable, which are stated at the historical carrying amount net of contractual allowances, write-offs and provision for credit losses, includes only those amounts the Company estimates to be collectible.

The following table details the revenue related to the various categories (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Net patient revenue	$	126,581	$	109,538
Other revenue		799		872
Physical therapy operations	$	127,380	$	110,410
Management contract revenue		1,779		2,226
Industrial injury prevention services revenue		19,350		19,068
	$	148,509	$	131,704

Medicare Reimbursement

The Medicare program reimburses outpatient rehabilitation providers based on the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (“MPFS”). For services provided in 2017 through 2019, a 0.5% increase was applied to the fee schedule payment rates before applying the mandatory budget neutrality adjustment. For services provided in 2020 through 2025 no adjustment is expected to be applied each year to the fee schedule payment rates, before applying the mandatory budget neutrality adjustment.

In the 2020 MPFS Final Rule, Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”) revised coding, documentation guidelines, and increased the code values for office/outpatient evaluation and management (“E/M”) codes and cuts to other codes to maintain budget neutrality of the MPFS beginning in 2021. Under the 2021 MPFS Final Rule, CMS increased the values for the E/M office visit codes and made cuts to other specialty codes to maintain budget neutrality. As a result, CMS projected a 9% decrease in fee schedule payment rates for therapy services set to take effect in 2021. However, Congress intervened with passage of the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 and reimbursement for the codes applicable to physical/occupational therapy services provided by our clinics received an estimated 3.5% decrease in the aggregate in payment from Medicare in calendar year 2021 as compared to 2020.

In the 2022 MPFS Final Rule, there was to be an approximately 3.75% reduction to Medicare payments for physical/occupational therapy services. This was due to the expiration of the additional funding to the conversion factor provided by Congress in 2021 under the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021. However, this reduction was addressed in the Protecting Medicare and American Farmers from Sequester Cuts Act (“2021 Act”) signed into law on December 10, 2021. Based on various provisions in the 2021 Act, the Medicare rate reduction for 2022 was approximately 0.75%. The 2021 Act did not address the 15% reduction in Medicare payments for services performed by a physical or occupational therapist assistant, which began on January 1, 2022.

In the 2023 MPFS Proposed Rule published on July 7, 2022, CMS proposed a 4.5% reduction in the Physician Fee Schedule conversion factor.  However, this reduction was addressed in the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 (“2023 Act”) signed into law on December 29, 2022. The provisions of the 2023 Act increase the conversion factor by 2.5% for 2023 and by 1.25% for 2024.  This results in an overall reduction of approximately 2% in the 2023 Physician Fee Schedule conversion factor for 2023.

The Budget Control Act of 2011 increased the federal debt ceiling in connection with deficit reductions over the next ten years and requires automatic reductions in federal spending by approximately $1.2 trillion. Payments to Medicare providers are subject to these automatic spending reductions, subject to a 2% cap. In 2013, a 2% reduction to Medicare payments was implemented. The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015 extended the 2% reductions to Medicare payments through fiscal year 2025. The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 extends the 2% reductions to Medicare payments through fiscal year 2027. The CARES Act suspended the 2% payment reduction to Medicare payments for dates of service from May 1, 2020, through December 31, 2020, and the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021 further suspended the 2% payment reduction through March 2021. In April 2021, additional legislation was enacted that waived the 2% payment reduction for the remainder of calendar 2021. The 2021 Act included a three-month extension of the 2% sequester relief applied to all Medicare payments through March 2022, followed by three months of 1% sequester relief through June 30, 2022. Sequester relief ended on June 30, 2022.

Beginning in 2021, payments to individual therapists (Physical/Occupational Therapist in Private Practice) paid under the fee schedule may be subject to adjustment based on performance in the Merit Based Incentive Payment System (“MIPS”), which measures performance based on certain quality metrics, resource use, and meaningful use of electronic health records. Therapists eligible to participate in MIPS include only those therapists who are enrolled with Medicare as private practice providers and does not include therapists in facility-based providers, such as our clinics enrolled as certified rehabilitation agencies. Less than 3% of the Company’s therapist providers currently participate in MIPS. Under the MIPS requirements, a provider’s performance is assessed according to established performance standards each year and then is used to determine an adjustment factor that is applied to the professional’s payment for the corresponding payment year. The provider’s MIPS performance in 2019 determined the payment adjustment in 2021. For those therapist providers who actually participated in MIPS during 2019 and 2020, the resulting average payment adjustment in 2021 and 2022 was an increase of 1%. The 2023 adjustment for those therapist providers who participated in MIPS during 2021 is expected to remain at an average increase of 1%.

Under the Middle-Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (“MCTRA”), since October 1, 2012, patients who met or exceeded $3,700 in therapy expenditures during a calendar year have been subject to a manual medical review to determine whether applicable payment criteria are satisfied. The $3,700 threshold is applied to Physical Therapy and Speech Language Pathology Services; a separate $3,700 threshold is applied to the Occupational Therapy. The Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act of 2015 (“MACRA”) directed CMS to modify the manual medical review process such that those reviews will no longer apply to all claims exceeding the $3,700 threshold and instead will be determined on a targeted basis based on a variety of factors that CMS considers appropriate.

The Bipartisan Budget Act of 2018 extends the targeted medical review indefinitely but reduces the threshold to $3,000 through December 31, 2027. For 2028, the threshold amount will be increased by the percentage increase in the Medicare Economic Index (“MEI”) for 2028 and in subsequent years the threshold amount will increase based on the corresponding percentage increase in the MEI for such subsequent year.

CMS adopted a multiple procedure payment reduction (“MPPR”) for therapy services in the final update to the MPFS for calendar year 2011. The MPPR applied to all outpatient therapy services paid under Medicare Part B — occupational therapy, physical therapy and speech-language pathology. Under the policy, the Medicare program pays 100% of the practice expense component of the Relative Value Unit (“RVU”) for the therapy procedure with the highest practice expense RVU, then reduces the payment for the practice expense component for the second and subsequent therapy procedures or units of service furnished during the same day for the same patient, regardless of whether those therapy services are furnished in separate sessions. In 2013, the practice expense component for the second and subsequent therapy service furnished during the same day for the same patient was reduced by 50%.

Medicare claims for outpatient therapy services furnished by therapist assistants on or after January 1, 2020, must include a modifier indicating the service was furnished by a therapist assistant. Outpatient therapy services furnished on or after January 1, 2022, in whole or part by a therapist assistant are paid at an amount equal to 85% of the payment amount otherwise applicable for the service.

Statutes, regulations, and payment rules governing the delivery of therapy services to Medicare beneficiaries are complex and subject to interpretation. The Company believes that it is in compliance, in all material respects, with all applicable laws and regulations and are not aware of any pending or threatened investigations involving allegations of potential wrongdoing that would have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements as of March 31, 2023. Compliance with such laws and regulations can be subject to future government review and interpretation, as well as significant regulatory action including fines, penalties, and exclusion from the Medicare program. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, and March 31, 2022, respectively, net patient revenue from Medicare were approximately $41.9 million and $35.6 million, respectively.

Given the history of frequent revisions to the Medicare program and its reimbursement rates and rules, the Company may not continue to receive reimbursement rates from Medicare that sufficiently compensate it for the Company’s services or, in some instances, cover the Company’s operating costs. Limits on reimbursement rates or the scope of services being reimbursed could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s revenue, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, any delay or default by the federal or state governments in making Medicare and/or Medicaid reimbursement payments could materially and, adversely, affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

Contractual Allowances

Contractual allowances result from the differences between the rates charged for services performed and expected reimbursements by both insurance companies and government sponsored healthcare programs for such services. Medicare regulations and the various third-party payors and managed care contracts are often complex and may include multiple reimbursement mechanisms payable for the services provided in Company clinics. The Company estimates contractual allowances based on its interpretation of the applicable regulations, payor contracts and historical calculations. Each month the Company estimates its contractual allowance for each clinic based on payor contracts and the historical collection experience of the clinic and applies an appropriate contractual allowance reserve percentage to the gross accounts receivable balances for each payor of the clinic. Based on the Company’s historical experience, calculating the contractual allowance reserve percentage at the payor level is sufficient to allow the Company to provide the necessary detail and accuracy with its collectability estimates. However, the services authorized and provided and related reimbursement are subject to interpretation that could result in payments that differ from the Company’s estimates. Payor terms are periodically revised necessitating continual review and assessment of the estimates made by management. The Company’s billing system does not capture the exact change in its contractual allowance reserve estimate from period to period in order to assess the accuracy of its revenues and hence its contractual allowance reserves. Management regularly compares its cash collections to corresponding net revenues measured both in the aggregate and on a clinic-by-clinic basis. In the aggregate, historically the difference between net revenues and corresponding cash collections has generally reflected a difference within approximately 1.0% to 1.5% of net revenue. Additionally, analysis of subsequent periods’ contractual write-offs on a payor basis reflects a difference within approximately 1.0% to 1.5% between the actual aggregate contractual reserve percentage as compared to the estimated contractual allowance reserve percentage associated with the same period end balance. As a result, the Company believes that a change in the contractual allowance reserve estimate would not likely be more than 1.0% to 1.5% on March 31, 2023.

A contract’s transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized when, or as, the performance obligation is satisfied. To determine the transaction price, the Company includes the effects of any variable consideration, such as the probability of collecting that amount. The Company applies established rates to the services provided, and adjusts for the terms of payor contracts, as applicable. These contracted amounts are different from the Company’s established rates.  The Company has established a “contractual allowance” for this difference. The allowance is based on the terms of payor contracts, historical and current reimbursement information and current experience with the clinic and partners. The Company’s established rates less the contractual allowance is the revenue that is recognized in the period in which the service is rendered. This revenue is deemed the transaction price and stated as “Net Patient Revenue” on the Company’s consolidated statements of income.

The Company’s performance obligations are satisfied at a point in time. After the clinic has provided services and satisfied its obligation to the customer for the reimbursement rates stipulated in the payor contracts (i.e. the transaction price), the Company recognizes the revenue, net of contractual allowances, in the period in which the services are rendered. The Company recognizes the full amount of revenue and reports the contractual allowances as a contra (or offset) revenue account to report a net revenue number based on the expected collections.

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EARNINGS PER SHARE

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

EARNINGS PER SHARE [Abstract]

EARNINGS PER SHARE

4. EARNINGS PER SHARE

In accordance with current accounting guidance, the revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest (see Note 5 – Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest), net of tax, charged directly to retained earnings is included in the earnings per basic and diluted share calculation. The following table provides a detail of the basic and diluted earnings per share computation (in thousands, except per share data).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
Computation of earnings per share - USPH shareholders:
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	7,410		$	8,799
Charges to retained earnings:
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest		119			(153	)
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		(30	)		39
	$	7,499		$	8,685
Earnings per share (basic and diluted)	$	0.58		$	0.67
Shares used in computation:
Basic and diluted earnings per share - weighted-average shares		13,025			12,937

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REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST [Abstract]

REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

5. REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

Since October 2017, when the Company acquires a majority interest (the “Acquisition”) in a physical therapy clinic business (referred to as “Therapy Practice”), these Acquisitions occur in a series of steps which are described below.

1. Prior to the Acquisition, the Therapy Practice exists as a separate legal entity (the “Seller Entity”). The Seller Entity is owned by one or more individuals (the “Selling Shareholders”) most of whom are physical therapists that work in the Therapy Practice and provide physical therapy services to patients.

2. In conjunction with the Acquisition, the Seller Entity contributes the Therapy Practice into a newly-formed limited partnership (“NewCo”), in exchange for one hundred percent (100%) of the limited and general partnership interests in NewCo. Therefore, in this step, NewCo becomes a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Seller Entity.

3. The Company enters into an agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) to acquire from the Seller Entity a majority (ranges from 50% to 90%) of the limited partnership interest and in all cases 100% of the general partnership interest in NewCo. The Company does not purchase 100% of the limited partnership interest because the Selling Shareholders, through the Seller Entity, want to maintain an ownership percentage. The consideration for the Acquisition is primarily payable in the form of cash at closing and a small, two-year note in lieu of an escrow (the “Purchase Price”). The Purchase Agreement does not contain any future earn-out or other contingent consideration that is payable to the Seller Entity or the Selling Shareholders.

4. The Company and the Seller Entity also execute a partnership agreement (the “Partnership Agreement”) for NewCo that sets forth the rights and obligations of the limited and general partners of NewCo. After the Acquisition, the Company is the general partner of NewCo.

5. As noted above, the Company does not purchase 100% of the limited partnership interests in NewCo and the Seller Entity retains a portion of the limited partnership interest in NewCo (“Seller Entity Interest”).

6. In most cases, some or all of the Selling Shareholders enter into an employment agreement (the “Employment Agreement”) with NewCo with an initial term that ranges from three to five years (the “Employment Term”), with automatic one-year renewals, unless employment is terminated prior to the end of the Employment Term. As a result, a Selling Shareholder becomes an employee (“Employed Selling Shareholder”) of NewCo. The employment of an Employed Selling Shareholder can be terminated by the Employed Selling Shareholder or NewCo, with or without cause, at any time. In a few situations, a Selling Shareholder does not become employed by NewCo and is not involved with NewCo following the closing; in those situations, such Selling Shareholders sell their entire ownership interest in the Seller Entity as of the closing of the Acquisition.

7. The compensation of each Employed Selling Shareholder is specified in the Employment Agreement and is customary and commensurate with his or her responsibilities based on other employees in similar capacities within NewCo, the Company and the industry.

8. The Company and the Selling Shareholder (including both Employed Selling Shareholders and Selling Shareholders not employed by NewCo) execute a non-compete agreement (the “Non-Compete Agreement”) which restricts the Selling Shareholder from engaging in competing business activities for a specified period of time (the “Non-Compete Term”). A Non-Compete Agreement is executed with the Selling Shareholders in all cases. That is, even if the Selling Shareholder does not become an Employed Selling Shareholder, the Selling Shareholder is restricted from engaging in a competing business during the Non-Compete Term.

9. The Non-Compete Term commences as of the date of the Acquisition and  expires on the later of :

a. Two years after the date an Employed Selling Shareholders’ employment is terminated (if the Selling Shareholder becomes an Employed Selling Shareholder) or

b. Five to six years from the date of the Acquisition, as defined in the Non-Compete Agreement, regardless of whether the Selling Shareholder is employed by NewCo.

10. The Non-Compete Agreement applies to a restricted region which is a defined mile radius from the Therapy Practice. That is, an Employed Selling Shareholder is permitted to engage in competing businesses or activities outside the defined mileage (after such Employed Selling Shareholder no longer is employed by NewCo) and a Selling Shareholder who is not employed by NewCo immediately is permitted to engage in the competing business or activities outside the defined mileage.

The Partnership Agreement contains provisions for the redemption of the Seller Entity Interest, either at the option of the Company (the “Call Right”) or at the option of the Seller Entity (the “Put Right”) as follows:

1. Put Right

a) In the event that any Selling Shareholder’s employment is terminated under certain circumstances prior to a specified date (the “Specified Date”), the Seller Entity thereafter may have an irrevocable right to cause the Company to purchase from Seller Entity the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest at the purchase price described in “3” below.

b) In the event that any Selling Shareholder is not employed by NewCo as of the Specified Date and the Company has not exercised its Call Right with respect to the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest, Seller Entity thereafter shall have the Put Right to cause the Company to purchase from Seller Entity the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest at the purchase price described in “3” below.

c) In the event that any Selling Shareholder’s employment with NewCo is terminated for any reason on or after the Specified Date, the Seller Entity shall have the Put Right, and upon the exercise of the Put Right, the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest shall be redeemed by the Company at the purchase price described in “3” below.

2. Call Right

a) If any Selling Shareholder’s employment by NewCo is terminated prior to the Specified Date, the Company thereafter shall have an irrevocable right to purchase from Seller Entity the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest, in each case at the purchase price described in “3” below.

b) In the event that any Selling Shareholder’s employment with NewCo is terminated for any reason on or after Specified Date, the Company shall have the Call Right, and upon the exercise of the Call Right, the Terminated Selling Shareholder’s Allocable Percentage of Seller Entity’s Interest shall be redeemed by the Company at the purchase price described in “3” below.

3. For the Put Right and the Call Right, the purchase price is derived from a formula based on a specified multiple of NewCo’s trailing twelve months of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, and the Company’s internal management fee, plus an Allocable Percentage of any undistributed earnings of NewCo (the “Redemption Amount”). NewCo’s earnings are distributed monthly based on available cash within NewCo. Therefore, the undistributed earnings amount is small, if any.

4. The Purchase Price for the initial equity interest purchased by the Company is, in almost all cases, also based on the same specified multiple of the trailing twelve-month earnings that is used in the Put Right and the Call Right noted above.

5. The Put Right and the Call Right do not have an expiration date, and the Seller Entity Interest is not required to be purchased by the Company or sold by the Seller Entity unless either the Put Right or the Call Right is exercised.

6. The Put Right and the Call Right never apply to Selling Shareholders who do not become employed by NewCo, since the Company requires that such Selling Shareholders sell their entire ownership interest in the Seller Entity at the closing of the Acquisition.

ProgressiveHealth Acquisition

On November 30, 2021, the Company acquired a majority interest in ProgressiveHealth Companies, LLC (“Progressive”), which owns a majority interest in certain subsidiaries (“Progressive Subsidiaries”) that operate in the industrial injury prevention and therapy services businesses.  The Progressive transaction was completed in a series of steps which are described below.

1. Prior to the acquisition, the Progressive Subsidiaries were owned by a legal entity (“Progressive Parent”) controlled by its individual owners (the “ Progressive Selling Shareholders”), who work in and manage the Progressive business.

2. In conjunction with the acquisition, the Progressive Selling Shareholders caused the Progressive Parent to transfer its ownership of the Progressive Subsidiaries into a newly-formed limited liability company (“Progressive NewCo”), in exchange for one hundred percent (100%) of the membership interests in Progressive NewCo. Therefore, in this step, Progressive NewCo became wholly-owned by the Progressive Selling Shareholders.

3. The Company entered into an agreement (the “Progressive Purchase Agreement”) to acquire from the Progressive Selling Shareholders a majority of the membership interest in Progressive NewCo. The consideration for the acquisition is primarily payable in the form of cash at closing, a relatively small portion paid in cash after the closing contingent on certain performance criteria, and a small note in lieu of an escrow (the “Progressive Purchase Price”).

4. The Company and the Progressive Selling Shareholders also executed an operating agreement (the “Progressive Operating Agreement”) for Progressive NewCo that sets forth the rights and obligations of the members of Progressive NewCo.

5. As noted above, the Company did not purchase 100% of the membership interests in Progressive NewCo and the Progressive Selling Shareholders retained a portion of the membership interest in Progressive NewCo (“Progressive Selling Shareholders’ Interest”).

6. The Company and the Progressive Selling Shareholders executed a non-compete agreement (the “Progressive Non-Compete Agreement”) which restricts the Progressive Selling Shareholders from competing for a specified period of time (the “Progressive Non-Compete Term”).

7. The Progressive Non-Compete Term commences as of the date of the Progressive acquisition and expires on the later of:

a. Two years after the date a Progressive Selling Shareholder no longer is involved in the management of Progressive NewCo or

b. Seven years from the date of the acquisition.

8. The Progressive Non-Compete Agreement applies to the entire United States.

9. The Progressive Put Right (as defined below) and the Progressive Call Right (as defined below) do not have an expiration date.

The Progressive Operating Agreement contains provisions for the redemption of the Progressive Selling Shareholder’s Interest, either at the option of the Company (the “Progressive Call Right”) or at the option of the Progressive Selling Shareholder (the “Progressive Put Right”) as follows:

1. Progressive Put Right

a. Each of the Progressive Selling Shareholders has the right to sell 30% of their respective residual interests on each of the 4th and 5th anniversaries of the acquisition closing, and then 10% on each of the 6th and 7th anniversaries

b. In the event that any Progressive Selling Shareholder terminates his management relationship with Progressive NewCo for any reason on or after the seventh anniversary of the Closing Date, the Progressive Selling Shareholder has the Put Right, and upon the exercise of the Progressive Put Right, the Progressive Selling Shareholder’s Interest shall be redeemed by the Company at the purchase price described in “3” below.

2. Progressive Call Right

a. If any Progressive Selling Shareholder’s ceases to perform management services on behalf of Progressive NewCo, the Company thereafter shall have an irrevocable right to purchase from such Progressive Selling Shareholder his Interest, in each case at the purchase price described in “3” below.

3. For the Progressive Put Right and the Progressive Call Right, the purchase price is derived from a formula based on a specified multiple of Progressive NewCo’s trailing twelve months of earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, and the Company’s internal management fee, plus an Allocable Percentage of any undistributed earnings of Progressive NewCo (the “Redemption Amount”). Progressive NewCo’s earnings are distributed monthly based on available cash within Progressive NewCo; therefore, the undistributed earnings amount is small, if any.

4. The Progressive Purchase Price for the initial equity interest purchased by the Company is also based on the same specified multiple of the trailing twelve-month earnings that is used in the Progressive Put Right and the Progressive Call Right noted above.

5. The Progressive Put Right and the Progressive Call Right do not have an expiration date.

Neither the Progressive Operating Agreement nor the Progressive Non-Compete Agreement contain any provision to escrow or “claw back” the equity interest in Progressive NewCo held by the Progressive Selling Shareholders, in the event of a breach of the operating agreement or non-compete terms, or the management services agreement pursuant to which the Progressive Selling Shareholders perform services on behalf of Progressive NewCo. The Company’s only recourse against the Progressive Selling Shareholder for breach of any of these agreements is to seek damages and other legal remedies under such agreements. There are no conditions in any of the arrangements with a Progressive Selling Shareholder that would result in a forfeiture of the equity interest in Progressive NewCo held by a Progressive Selling Shareholder.

For both scenarios described above, an Employed Selling Shareholder’s ownership of his or her equity interest in the Seller Entity predates the Acquisition and the Company’s purchase of its partnership interest in NewCo. The Employment Agreement and the Non-Compete Agreement do not contain any provision to escrow or “claw back” the equity interest in the Seller Entity held by such Employed Selling Shareholder, nor the Seller Entity Interest in NewCo, in the event of a breach of the employment or non-compete terms. More specifically, even if the Employed Selling Shareholder is terminated for “cause” by NewCo, such Employed Selling Shareholder does not forfeit his or her right to his or her full equity interest in the Seller Entity and the Seller Entity does not forfeit its right to any portion of the Seller Entity Interest. The Company’s only recourse against the Employed Selling Shareholder for breach of either the Employment Agreement or the Non-Compete Agreement is to seek damages and other legal remedies under such agreements. There are no conditions in any of the arrangements with an Employed Selling Shareholder that would result in a forfeiture of the equity interest held in the Seller Entity or of the Seller Entity Interest.

For the dates indicated, the following table details the changes in the carrying amount (fair value) of the redeemable non-controlling interest (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended			Year Ended
	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Beginning balance	$	167,515		$	155,262
Operating results allocated to redeemable non-controlling interest partners		2,720			6,902
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interest partners		(2,158	)		(10,102	)
Changes in the fair value of redeemable non-controlling interest		(119	)		3,862
Purchases of redeemable non-controlling interest		(6,156	)		(16,061	)
Acquired interest		1,754			26,746
Contributed Capital		-			231
Sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		639			1,982
Notes receivable related to sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		532			(1,901	)
Adjustments in notes receivable related to the the sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		(444	)		594
Ending balance	$	164,283		$	167,515

The following table categorizes the carrying amount (fair value) of the redeemable non-controlling interest (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Contractual time period has lapsed but holder’s employment has not terminated	$	70,321	$	75,688
Contractual time period has not lapsed and holder’s employment has not terminated		93,962		91,827
Holder’s employment has terminated and contractual time period has expired		-		-
Holder’s employment has terminated and contractual time period has not expired		-		-
	$	164,283	$	167,515

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GOODWILL

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

GOODWILL [Abstract]

GOODWILL

6. GOODWILL

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Year Ended
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Beginning balance	$	494,101	$	434,679
Goodwill acquired		5,424		72,674
Goodwill adjustments for purchase price allocation of businesses acquired in prior year		1,822		(4,140	)
Goodwill impairment		-		(9,112	)
Ending balance	$	501,347	$	494,101

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a charge for goodwill impairment of $9.1 million related to the IIP Acquisition. The impairment is related to a change in the IIP Acquisition’s current and projected operating income as well as various market inputs based on current market conditions, including the higher interest rate environment.

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET [Abstract]

INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

7. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Intangible assets, net as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Tradenames	$	43,764	$	43,373
Customer and referral relationships, net of accumulated amortization of $25,400 and $23,736, respectively (weighted average amortization period 12.7 years)		63,160		63,238
Non-compete agreements, net of accumulated amortization of $7,152 and $6,999 respectively (weighted average amortization period 5.0 years)		2,067		2,144
	$	108,991	$	108,755

Tradenames, customer and referral relationships and non-compete agreements are related to the businesses acquired. The value assigned to tradenames has an indefinite life and is tested at least annually for impairment using the relief from royalty method in conjunction with the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test. The value assigned to customer and referral relationships is being amortized over their respective estimated useful lives which range from 7 to 16 years. Non-compete agreements are amortized over the respective term of the agreements which range from 5 to 6 years.

The following table details the amount of amortization expense recorded for intangible assets for the three and three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Customer and referral relationships	$	1,664	$	2,050
Non-compete agreements		153		147
	$	1,817	$	2,197

Based on the balance of referral relationships and non-compete agreements as of March 31, 2023, the expected amount to be amortized in 2023 and thereafter by year is as follows (in thousands):

Customer and Referral Relationships			Non-Compete Agreements
Years	Annual Amount		Years	Annual Amount
Ending December 31,			Ending December 31,
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	5,096	2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	464
2024	$	6,636	2024	$	576
2025	$	6,492	2025	$	505
2026	$	6,023	2026	$	365
2027	$	5,860	2027	$	157
Thereafter	$	33,053

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ACCRUED EXPENSES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

ACCRUED EXPENSES [Abstract]

ACCRUED EXPENSES

8. ACCRUED EXPENSES

Accrued expenses as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Salaries and related costs	$	16,975	$	22,912
Credit balances due to patients and payors		7,962		8,094
Group health insurance claims		2,930		1,666
Closure costs		230		243
Dividend payable		5,617		-
Payable related to purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest		5,015		4,498
Interest payable		1,193		-
Contingent consideration		1,600		-
Other		3,698		-
Total	$	45,220	$	37,413

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BORROWINGS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

BORROWINGS [Abstract]

BORROWINGS

9. BORROWINGS

Effective December 5, 2013, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement with a commitment for a $125.0 million revolving credit facility. This agreement was amended and/or restated in August 2015, January 2016, March 2017, November 2017, and January 2021 (hereafter referred to as (“Amended Credit Agreement”).

On June 17, 2022, the Company entered into the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) among Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (“Administrative Agent”) and the lenders from time-to-time party thereto.

Amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement (as defined above) and notes payable as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Principal Amount		Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost		Net Debt		Principal Amount		Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost		Net Debt
Revolving Facilitiy	$	38,000	$	-	$	38,000	$	31,000	$	-	$	31,000
Term Facility		147,188		1,757		145,431		148,125		1,861		146,264
Other Debt		6,980		-		6,980		6,430		-		6,430
Total Debt	$	192,168	$	1,757	$	190,411	$	185,555	$	1,861	$	183,694
Less: Current portion of long-term debt		7,730		-		7,730		8,271		408		7,863
Total long-term debt, net of current portion	$	184,438	$	1,757	$	182,681	$	177,284	$	1,453	$	175,831

The Credit Agreement, which matures on June 17, 2027, provides for loans in an aggregate principal amount of $325 million. Such loans were made available through the following facilities (collectively, the “Senior Credit Facilities”):

1) Revolving Facility: $175 million, five-year, revolving credit facility (“Revolving Facility”), which includes a $12 million sublimit for the issuance of standby letters of credit and a $15 million sublimit for swingline loans (each, a “Swingline Loan”).

2) Term Facility: $150 million term loan facility (the “Term Facility”). The Term Facility amortizes in quarterly installments of: (a) 0.625% in each of the first two years, (b) 1.250% in the third and fourth year, and (c) 1.875% in the fifth year of the Credit Agreement. The remaining outstanding principal balance of all term loans is due on the maturity date.

The proceeds of the Revolving Facility shall be used by the Company for working capital and other general corporate purposes of the Company and its subsidiaries, including to fund future acquisitions and invest in growth opportunities. The proceeds of the Term Facility were used by the Company to refinance the indebtedness outstanding under the Amended Credit Agreement, to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the transactions involving the loan facilities, for working capital and other general corporate purposes of the Company and its subsidiaries.

The Company is permitted to increase the Revolving Facility and/or add one or more tranches of term loans in an aggregate amount not to exceed the sum of (i) $100 million plus (ii) an unlimited additional amount, provided that (in the case of clause (ii)), after giving effect to such increases, the pro forma Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) would not exceed 2.0:1.0, and the aggregate amount of all incremental increases under the Revolving Facility does not exceed $50,000,000.

The interest rates per annum applicable to the Senior Credit Facilities (other than in respect of Swingline Loans) will be Term SOFR (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus an applicable margin or, at the option of the Company, an alternate base rate plus an applicable margin. Each Swingline Loan shall bear interest at the base rate plus the applicable margin. The applicable margin for Term SOFR borrowings ranges from 1.50% to 2.25%, and the applicable margin for alternate base rate borrowings ranges from 0.50% to 1.25%, in each case, based on the Consolidated Leverage Ratio of the Company and its subsidiaries. Interest is payable at the end of the selected interest period but no less frequently than quarterly and on the date of maturity.

The Company is also required to pay to the Administrative Agent, for the account of each lender under the Revolving Facility, a commitment fee equal to the actual daily excess of each lender’s commitment over its outstanding credit exposure under the Revolving Facility (“unused fee”). Such unused fee will range between 0.25% and 0.35% per annum and is also based on the Consolidated Leverage Ratio of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Company may prepay and/or repay the revolving loans and the term loans, and/or terminate the revolving loan commitments, in whole or in part, at any time without premium or penalty, subject to certain conditions.

The Credit Agreement contains customary covenants limiting, among other things, the incurrence of additional indebtedness, the creation of liens, mergers, consolidations, liquidations and dissolutions, sales of assets, dividends and other payments in respect of equity interests, acquisitions, investments, loans and guarantees, subject, in each case, to customary exceptions, thresholds and baskets. The Credit Agreement includes certain financial covenants which include the Consolidated Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio, and the Consolidated Leverage Ratio, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement also contains customary events of default.

The Company’s obligations under the Credit Agreement are guaranteed by its wholly-owned material domestic subsidiaries (each, a “Guarantor”), and the obligations of the Company and any Guarantors are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in substantially all of the existing and future personal property of the Company and each Guarantor, subject to certain exceptions.

As of March 31, 2023, $185.2 million was outstanding on the Senior Credit Facilities, resulting in $137.0 million of availability on the Revolving Facility. As of March 31, 2023, the Company was in compliance with all of the covenants contained in the Credit Agreement.

The Company generally enters into various notes payable as a means of financing a portion of its acquisitions and purchasing of non-controlling interests. In conjunction with these transactions in 2023 and 2022, the Company entered into notes payable in the aggregate amount of $7.4 million of which an aggregate principal payment of $0.4 million was paid in the three months ended March 31, 2023, $4.1 million is due later in 2023, $1.9 million is due in 2024 and $1.0 million is due in 2025. Interest accrues in the range of 3.25% to 8.0% per annum and is payable with each principal installment.

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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS [Abstract]

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

10. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS

The Company is exposed to certain market risks during the ordinary course of business due to adverse changes in interest rates. The exposure to interest rate risk primarily results from the Company’s variable-rate borrowing. The Company may elect to use derivative financial instruments to manage risks from fluctuations in interest rates. The Company does not purchase or hold derivatives for trading or speculative purposes. Fluctuations in interest rates can be volatile and the Company’s risk management activities do not eliminate these risks.

Interest Rate Swap

In May 2022, the Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement, effective on June 30, 2022, with Bank of America, N.A, which has a $150 million notional value, and a maturity date of June 30, 2027. Beginning in July 2022, the Company receives 1-month SOFR, and pays a fixed rate of interest of  2.815% on 1-month SOFR on a quarterly basis. The total interest rate in any period will also include an applicable margin based on the Company’s consolidated leverage ratio.

In connection with the swap, no cash was exchanged between the Company and the counterparty.

The Company designated its interest rate swap as a cash flow hedge and structured it to be highly effective. Consequently, unrealized gains and losses related to the fair value of the interest rate swap are recorded to accumulated other comprehensive income, net of tax.

The impacts of the Company’s derivative instruments on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are presented in the table below (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
Net income	$	11,427		$	11,982
Other comprehensive loss
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedge		(1,817	)		-
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		464			-
Comprehensive income	$	10,074		$	11,982
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest		(4,017	)		(3,183	)
Comprehensive income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	6,057		$	8,799

The valuations of the Company’s interest rate derivatives are measured as the present value of all expected future cash flows based on SOFR-based yield curves. The present value calculation uses discount rates that have been adjusted to reflect the credit quality of the Company and its counterparty which is a Level 2 fair value measurement.

The carrying and fair value of the Company’s interest rate derivatives (included in Other current assets and Other assets) were as follows:

	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Interest rate swap:
Other current assets	$	2,614	$	-
Other assets	$	947	$	-

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LEASES

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

LEASES [Abstract]

LEASES

11. LEASES

The Company has operating leases for its corporate offices and operating facilities. The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at the inception of a contract. The Company’s operating lease terms are generally five years or less. The Company’s lease terms include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the option will be exercised. As most of the Company’s operating leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date in determining the present value of lease payments. Operating fixed lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, the components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	9,365	$	8,404
Short-term lease cost		274		321
Variable lease cost		2,132		1,932
Total lease cost *	$	11,771	$	10,657

* Sublease income was immaterial

Lease cost is reflected in the consolidated statement of net income in the line item – rent, supplies, contract labor and other.

Supplemental information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	9,646	$	8,617
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	6,281	$	6,011

The aggregate future lease payments for operating leases as of March 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year	Amount
2023	$	27,967
2024		31,548
2025		23,584
2026		16,065
2027 and therafter		16,836
Total lease payments	$	116,000
Less: imputed  interest		6,890
Total operating lease liabilities	$	109,110

Average lease terms and discount rates were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Weighted-average remaining lease term - Operating leases	4.0 Years		4.1 Years
Weighted-average discount rate - Operating leases		3.1%		2.7%

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SEGMENT INFORMATION

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

SEGMENT INFORMATION [Abstract]

SEGMENT INFORMATION

12. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company’s reportable segments include the physical therapy operations segment and the industrial injury prevention services segment. Also included in the physical therapy operations segment are revenues from management contract services and other services which include services the Company provides on-site, such as schools for athletic trainers.

The Company evaluates performance of the segments based on gross profit. The Company has provided additional information regarding its reportable segments which contributes to the understanding of the Company and provides useful information.

The following table summarizes selected financial data for the Company’s reportable segments.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Net operating revenue:
Physical therapy operations	$	129,159	$	112,636
Industrial injury prevention services		19,350		19,068
Total Company	$	148,509	$	131,704
Gross profit:
Physical therapy operations	$	27,089	$	22,436
Industrial injury prevention services		3,768		4,152
Total Company	$	30,857	$	26,588
Total Assets:
Physical therapy operations	$	726,422	$	608,240
Industrial injury prevention services		141,705		155,623
Total Company	$	868,127	$	763,863

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INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATE

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATE [Abstract]

INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATE

13. INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATE

Through one of its subsidiaries, the Company has a 49% joint venture interest in a company which provides physical therapy services for patients at hospitals. Since the Company is deemed to not have a controlling interest in the company, the Company’s investment is accounted for using the equity method of accounting. The investment balance of this joint venture as of March 31, 2023, is $12.2 million and the earnings amounted to $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31,2023.

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SUBSEQUENT EVENT

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

SUBSEQUENT EVENT [Abstract]

SUBSEQUENT EVENT

14. SUBSEQUENT EVENT

The Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.43 per share payable on June 9, 2023, to shareholders of record on May 18, 2023. 

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions for Form 10-Q. However, the statements do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America for complete financial statements. Management believes this report contains all necessary adjustments (consisting only of normal recurring adjustments) to present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. These unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements and related notes on the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (“Annual Report on Form 10-K”) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on February 28, 2023.

Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results the Company expects for the entire year.

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of the amount paid and fair value of the non-controlling interests over the fair value of the acquired business assets, which include certain identifiable intangible assets. Historically, goodwill has been derived from acquisitions and, prior to 2009, from the purchase of some or all of a particular local management’s equity interest in an existing clinic. Effective January 1, 2009, if the purchase price of a non-controlling interest by the Company exceeds or is less than the book value at the time of purchase, any excess or shortfall is recognized as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital.

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized but are instead subject to periodic impairment evaluations. The fair value of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets with indefinite lives are evaluated for impairment at least annually upon the occurrence of certain events or conditions and are written down to fair value if considered impaired. These events or conditions include but are not limited to a significant adverse change in the business environment, regulatory environment, or legal factors; a current period operating, or cash flow, loss combined with a history of such losses or a projection of continuing losses; or a sale or disposition of a significant portion of a reporting unit. The occurrence of one of these events or conditions could significantly impact an impairment assessment, necessitating an impairment charge. The Company evaluates indefinite-lived tradenames in conjunction with our annual goodwill impairment test.

The Company operates its business through two segments consisting of physical therapy clinics and its industrial injury prevention services business. For purposes of goodwill impairment analysis, the segments are further broken down into reporting units. Reporting units within our physical therapy business are comprised of six regions primarily based on each clinic’s location. In 2022 and 2023, the industrial injury prevention services business consisted of two reporting units.

As part of the impairment analysis, the Company is first required to assess qualitatively if it can conclude whether goodwill is more likely than not impaired. If goodwill is more likely than not impaired, it is then required to complete a quantitative analysis of whether a reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying amount. In evaluating whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, the Company considers relevant events or circumstances that affect the fair value or carrying amount of a reporting unit. The Company considers both the income and market approach in determining the fair value of its reporting units when performing a quantitative analysis.

An impairment loss generally would be recognized when the carrying amount of the net assets of a reporting unit, inclusive of goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets, exceeds the estimated fair value of the reporting unit.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, no triggering events or indicators were identified that would require impairment assessments as of such dates.  In 2022, the Company recorded goodwill impairment of $9.1 million related to one reporting unit in the industrial injury prevention services business. The impairment is related to a change in the reporting unit’s current and projected operating income as well as various market inputs based on current market conditions, including the higher interest rate environment. No impairment was recognized as a result of our annual assessment of goodwill and tradenames for the other seven reporting units. The Company also noted no impairment to long-lived assets for all reporting units.

The Company will continue to monitor for any triggering events or other indicators of impairment.

Investment in Unconsolidated Affiliates

Investment in unconsolidated affiliates

Investments in unconsolidated affiliates, in which the Company has less than a controlling interest, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting and, accordingly, are adjusted for capital contributions, distributions and the Company’s equity in net earnings or loss of the respective joint venture.

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest

Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest

The non-controlling interests that are reflected as redeemable non-controlling interest in the unaudited consolidated financial statements consist of those that the owners and the Company have certain redemption rights, whether currently exercisable or not, and which currently, or in the future, require that the Company purchase or the owner sell the non-controlling interest held by the owner, if certain conditions are met.  The purchase price is derived at a predetermined formula based on a multiple of trailing twelve months earnings performance as defined in the respective limited partnership agreements.  The redemption rights can be triggered by the owner or the Company at such time as both of the following events have occurred: 1) termination of the owner’s employment, regardless of the reason for such termination, and 2) the passage of specified number of years after the closing of the transaction, typically three to five years, as defined in the limited partnership agreement.  The redemption rights are not automatic or mandatory (even upon death) and require either the owner or the Company to exercise its rights when the conditions triggering the redemption rights have been satisfied.

On the date the Company acquires a controlling interest in a partnership, and the limited partnership agreement for such partnership contains redemption rights not under the control of the Company, the fair value of the non-controlling interest is recorded in the consolidated balance sheet under the caption – Redeemable non-controlling interest – temporary equity.  Then, in each reporting period thereafter until it is purchased by the Company, the redeemable non-controlling interest is adjusted to the greater of its then current redemption value or initial carrying value, based on the predetermined formula defined in the respective limited partnership agreement.  As a result, the value of the non-controlling interest is not adjusted below its initial carrying value.  The Company records any adjustments in the redemption value, net of tax, directly to retained earnings and the adjustments are not reflected in the unaudited consolidated statements of net income.  Although the adjustments are not reflected in the unaudited consolidated statements of net income, current accounting rules require that the Company reflects the adjustments, net of tax, in the earnings per share calculation.  The amount of net income attributable to redeemable non-controlling interest owners is included in consolidated net income on the face of the unaudited consolidated statements of net income. Management believes the redemption value (i.e. the carrying amount) and fair value are the same.

Non-Controlling Interest

Non-Controlling Interest

The Company recognizes non-controlling interest, in which the Company has no obligation but the right to purchase the non-controlling interest, as permanent equity in the unaudited consolidated financial statements separate from the parent entity’s equity. The amount of net income attributable to non-controlling interest is included in consolidated net income on the face of the statements of net income. Changes in a parent entity’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in deconsolidation are treated as equity transactions if the parent entity retains its controlling financial interest. The Company recognizes a gain or loss in net income when a subsidiary is deconsolidated. Such gain or loss is measured using the fair value of the non-controlling equity investment on the deconsolidation date.

When the purchase price of a non-controlling interest by the Company exceeds the book value at the time of purchase, any excess or shortfall is recognized as an adjustment to additional paid-in capital. Additionally, operating losses are allocated to non-controlling interests even when such allocation creates a deficit balance for the non-controlling interest partner.

Provision for Credit Losses

Provision for Credit Losses

The Company determines provisions for credit losses based on the specific agings and payor classifications at each clinic. The provision for credit losses is included in operating cost in the consolidated statements of net income. Net accounts receivable, which are stated at the historical carrying amount net of contractual allowances, write-offs and provisions for credit losses, includes only those amounts the Company estimates to be collectible.

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

The Company recognizes the financial statement benefit of a tax position only after determining that the relevant tax authority would more likely than not sustain the position following an audit. For tax positions meeting the more-likely-than-not threshold, the amount to be recognized in the financial statements is the largest benefit that has a greater than 50 percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authority.

On August 16, 2022, Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 was enacted and signed into law and includes targeted tax provisions. The Company does not anticipate these tax provisions will have a material impact on the financial statements.

The Company did not have any accrued interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits nor was any interest expense recognized during the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company records any interest or penalties, if required, in interest and other expense, as appropriate.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Fair value is defined as an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, a fair value hierarchy has been established that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement).

The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2 – Quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active; and model-derived valuations whose significant inputs are observable; and

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs in which there is little or no market data which require the reporting entity to develop its own assumptions.

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets for cash and cash equivalents, contingent earn-out payments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and notes payable approximate their fair values due to the short-term maturity of these financial instruments. The carrying amount of the debt under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (defined as “Credit Agreement” in Note 9) approximates the fair value. The interest rate on the debt under the Third Amended and Restated Amended Credit Agreement is tied to the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”).

The valuations of the Company’s interest rate derivatives are measured as the present value of all expected future cash flows based on SOFR-based yield curves. The present value calculation uses discount rates that have been adjusted to reflect the credit quality of the Company and its counterparty which is a Level 2 fair value measurement.

The fair value of the interest rate swap on March 31, 2023, was $3.6 million, of which $2.6 million has been included within Other current assets and $1.0 million has been included in Other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The impact of the interest rate swap on the accompanying unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income was an unrealized loss of $1.4 million, net of tax, for the three months ended March 31, 2023.

The redeemable non-controlling interest included on the consolidated balance sheets and the put right associated with the potential future purchase of the separate company in the November 2021 industrial injury prevention services acquisition (the “IIP Acquisition) are both marked to fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs.  The redemption value of redeemable non-controlling interests approximates the fair value. The put right associated with the potential future purchase of a company is determined using a Monte Carlo simulation model utilizing unobservable inputs such as asset volatility and discount rates. The unobservable inputs in the valuation include asset volatility of 25% and a discount rate of 10.98%. See Note 5 for the changes in the fair value of redeemable non-controlling interest. The put right decreased $0.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The put-right was valued at $3.7 million on March 31, 2023 and $2.7 million on March 31, 2022.

Segment Reporting

Segment Reporting

Operating segments are components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by chief operating decision makers in determining the allocation of resources and in assessing performance.  The Company currently operates through two segments: physical therapy operations and industrial injury prevention services.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

In preparing the Company’s consolidated financial statements, management makes certain estimates and assumptions, especially in relation to, but not limited to, goodwill impairment, tradenames and other intangible assets, allocations of purchase price, allowance for credit losses, tax provision and contractual allowances, that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

Recently Adopted Accounting Guidance

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-06 Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with characteristics of liabilities and equity, including convertible instruments and contracts on an entity’s own equity. As part of this update, convertible instruments are to be included in diluted earnings per share using the if-converted method, rather than the treasury stock method. Further, contracts which can be settled in cash or shares, excluding liability-classified share-based payment awards, are to be included in diluted earnings per share on an if-converted basis if the effect is dilutive, regardless of whether the entity or the counterparty can choose between cash and share settlement. The share-settlement presumption may not be rebutted based on past experience or a stated policy.

This pronouncement was effective for fiscal years, and for interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2021. The Board specified that an entity should adopt the guidance at the beginning of its annual fiscal year. The Company adopted this pronouncement as of January 1, 2022. The adoption of ASU 2020-06 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848): Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides temporary optional expedients and exceptions to the guidance on contract modifications and hedge accounting to ease the financial reporting burdens of the expected market transition from LIBOR and other interbank offered rates to alternative reference rates. The new guidance was effective upon issuance, and the Company has elected to apply the amendments prospectively through December 31, 2022. Borrowings under the Third Amended and Restated Credit Agreement bear interest based on SOFR.

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]

Acquisitions Within Physical Therapy Operations Segment

During the three months ended March 31, 2023 and year-ended December 31, 2022, the Company completed the acquisitions of the following single and multi-clinic practices detailed below.

Acquisition	Date	% Interest Acquired	Number of Clinics
February 2023 Acquisition	February 28, 2023	80%	1
November 2022 Acquisition	November 30, 2022	80%	13
October 2022 Acquisition	October 31, 2022	60%	14
September 2022 Acquisition	September 30, 2022	80%	2
August 2022 Acquisition	August 31, 2022	70%	6
March 2022 Acquisition	March 31, 2022	70%	6

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ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES [Abstract]

Purchase Price Allocation

The purchase price for the 2023 acquisition has been preliminarily allocated as follows (in thousands):

	Physical Therapy
	Operations
Cash paid, net of cash acquired	$	5,796
Seller note		360
Total consideration	$	6,156
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired:
Total current assets	$	168
Total non-current assets		1,062
Total liabilities		(1,012	)
Net tangible assets acquired		218
Customer and referral relationships		1,586
Non-compete agreement		76
Tradenames		391
Goodwill		5,424
Fair value of non-controlling interest (classified as redeemable non-controlling interest)		(1,539	)
	$	6,156

The purchase prices for the 2022 acquisitions have been preliminarily allocated as follows (in thousands):

	Physical Therapy
	Operations
Cash paid, net of cash acquired	$	59,788
Seller notes		1,574
Contingent payments		10,000
Total consideration	$	71,362
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired:
Total current assets	$	1,558
Total non-current assets		7,619
Total liabilities		(9,865	)
Net tangible assets acquired		(688	)
Customer and referral relationships		18,955
Non-compete agreements		983
Tradenames		4,417
Goodwill		74,496
Fair value of non-controlling interest (classified as redeemable non-controlling interest)		(26,801	)
	$	71,362

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REVENUE RECOGNITION (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

REVENUE RECOGNITION [Abstract]

Disaggregation of Revenue, Categories

The following table details the revenue related to the various categories (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Net patient revenue	$	126,581	$	109,538
Other revenue		799		872
Physical therapy operations	$	127,380	$	110,410
Management contract revenue		1,779		2,226
Industrial injury prevention services revenue		19,350		19,068
	$	148,509	$	131,704

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EARNINGS PER SHARE (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

EARNINGS PER SHARE [Abstract]

Computations of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

In accordance with current accounting guidance, the revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest (see Note 5 – Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest), net of tax, charged directly to retained earnings is included in the earnings per basic and diluted share calculation. The following table provides a detail of the basic and diluted earnings per share computation (in thousands, except per share data).

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
Computation of earnings per share - USPH shareholders:
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	7,410		$	8,799
Charges to retained earnings:
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest		119			(153	)
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		(30	)		39
	$	7,499		$	8,685
Earnings per share (basic and diluted)	$	0.58		$	0.67
Shares used in computation:
Basic and diluted earnings per share - weighted-average shares		13,025			12,937

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REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST [Abstract]

Changes in Carrying Amount (Fair Value) of Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest

For the dates indicated, the following table details the changes in the carrying amount (fair value) of the redeemable non-controlling interest (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended			Year Ended
	March 31, 2023			December 31, 2022
Beginning balance	$	167,515		$	155,262
Operating results allocated to redeemable non-controlling interest partners		2,720			6,902
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interest partners		(2,158	)		(10,102	)
Changes in the fair value of redeemable non-controlling interest		(119	)		3,862
Purchases of redeemable non-controlling interest		(6,156	)		(16,061	)
Acquired interest		1,754			26,746
Contributed Capital		-			231
Sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		639			1,982
Notes receivable related to sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		532			(1,901	)
Adjustments in notes receivable related to the the sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity		(444	)		594
Ending balance	$	164,283		$	167,515

Carrying Amount of (Fair Value) Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest

The following table categorizes the carrying amount (fair value) of the redeemable non-controlling interest (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Contractual time period has lapsed but holder’s employment has not terminated	$	70,321	$	75,688
Contractual time period has not lapsed and holder’s employment has not terminated		93,962		91,827
Holder’s employment has terminated and contractual time period has expired		-		-
Holder’s employment has terminated and contractual time period has not expired		-		-
	$	164,283	$	167,515

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GOODWILL (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

GOODWILL [Abstract]

Changes in Carrying Amount of Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill consisted of the following (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Year Ended
	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Beginning balance	$	494,101	$	434,679
Goodwill acquired		5,424		72,674
Goodwill adjustments for purchase price allocation of businesses acquired in prior year		1,822		(4,140	)
Goodwill impairment		-		(9,112	)
Ending balance	$	501,347	$	494,101

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET [Abstract]

Intangible Assets, Net

Intangible assets, net as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Tradenames	$	43,764	$	43,373
Customer and referral relationships, net of accumulated amortization of $25,400 and $23,736, respectively (weighted average amortization period 12.7 years)		63,160		63,238
Non-compete agreements, net of accumulated amortization of $7,152 and $6,999 respectively (weighted average amortization period 5.0 years)		2,067		2,144
	$	108,991	$	108,755

Amortization Expenses

The following table details the amount of amortization expense recorded for intangible assets for the three and three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended		Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Customer and referral relationships	$	1,664	$	2,050
Non-compete agreements		153		147
	$	1,817	$	2,197

Amortization of Customer and Referral Relationships and Non Competition Agreements

Based on the balance of referral relationships and non-compete agreements as of March 31, 2023, the expected amount to be amortized in 2023 and thereafter by year is as follows (in thousands):

Customer and Referral Relationships			Non-Compete Agreements
Years	Annual Amount		Years	Annual Amount
Ending December 31,			Ending December 31,
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	5,096	2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$	464
2024	$	6,636	2024	$	576
2025	$	6,492	2025	$	505
2026	$	6,023	2026	$	365
2027	$	5,860	2027	$	157
Thereafter	$	33,053

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ACCRUED EXPENSES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

ACCRUED EXPENSES [Abstract]

Accrued Expenses

Accrued expenses as of March 31, 2023, and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023		December 31, 2022
Salaries and related costs	$	16,975	$	22,912
Credit balances due to patients and payors		7,962		8,094
Group health insurance claims		2,930		1,666
Closure costs		230		243
Dividend payable		5,617		-
Payable related to purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest		5,015		4,498
Interest payable		1,193		-
Contingent consideration		1,600		-
Other		3,698		-
Total	$	45,220	$	37,413

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BORROWINGS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

BORROWINGS [Abstract]

Credit Agreement and Notes Payable

Amounts outstanding under the Credit Agreement (as defined above) and notes payable as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 consisted of the following (in thousands):

	March 31, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Principal Amount		Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost		Net Debt		Principal Amount		Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost		Net Debt
Revolving Facilitiy	$	38,000	$	-	$	38,000	$	31,000	$	-	$	31,000
Term Facility		147,188		1,757		145,431		148,125		1,861		146,264
Other Debt		6,980		-		6,980		6,430		-		6,430
Total Debt	$	192,168	$	1,757	$	190,411	$	185,555	$	1,861	$	183,694
Less: Current portion of long-term debt		7,730		-		7,730		8,271		408		7,863
Total long-term debt, net of current portion	$	184,438	$	1,757	$	182,681	$	177,284	$	1,453	$	175,831

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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS [Abstract]

Impacts of Derivative Instruments on Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

The impacts of the Company’s derivative instruments on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 are presented in the table below (in thousands):

	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023			March 31, 2022
Net income	$	11,427		$	11,982
Other comprehensive loss
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedge		(1,817	)		-
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		464			-
Comprehensive income	$	10,074		$	11,982
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest		(4,017	)		(3,183	)
Comprehensive income attributable to USPH shareholders	$	6,057		$	8,799

Carrying and Fair Value of Interest Rate Derivatives

The carrying and fair value of the Company’s interest rate derivatives (included in Other current assets and Other assets) were as follows:

	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Interest rate swap:
Other current assets	$	2,614	$	-
Other assets	$	947	$	-

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LEASES (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

LEASES [Abstract]

Components of Lease Expense

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022, the components of lease expense were as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Operating lease cost	$	9,365	$	8,404
Short-term lease cost		274		321
Variable lease cost		2,132		1,932
Total lease cost *	$	11,771	$	10,657

* Sublease income was immaterial

Supplemental Information Related to Leases

Supplemental information related to leases was as follows (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities	$	9,646	$	8,617
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities	$	6,281	$	6,011

Future Lease Payments for Operating Leases

The aggregate future lease payments for operating leases as of March 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):

Fiscal Year	Amount
2023	$	27,967
2024		31,548
2025		23,584
2026		16,065
2027 and therafter		16,836
Total lease payments	$	116,000
Less: imputed  interest		6,890
Total operating lease liabilities	$	109,110

Average Lease Terms and Discount Rates

Average lease terms and discount rates were as follows:

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Weighted-average remaining lease term - Operating leases	4.0 Years		4.1 Years
Weighted-average discount rate - Operating leases		3.1%		2.7%

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SEGMENT INFORMATION (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

SEGMENT INFORMATION [Abstract]

Selected Financial Data for Reportable Segments

The following table summarizes selected financial data for the Company’s reportable segments.

	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2023		March 31, 2022
Net operating revenue:
Physical therapy operations	$	129,159	$	112,636
Industrial injury prevention services		19,350		19,068
Total Company	$	148,509	$	131,704
Gross profit:
Physical therapy operations	$	27,089	$	22,436
Industrial injury prevention services		3,768		4,152
Total Company	$	30,857	$	26,588
Total Assets:
Physical therapy operations	$	726,422	$	608,240
Industrial injury prevention services		141,705		155,623
Total Company	$	868,127	$	763,863

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, Summary (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 State Clinic Facility Segment
Basis of Presentation [Abstract]
Number of reportable segments | Segment	2
Number of businesses acquired	647
Number of states where clinics are operated | State	40
Number of clinics closed	1
February 2023 Acquisition [Member]
Basis of Presentation [Abstract]
Acquisition date	Feb. 28, 2023
Percentage of interest acquired	80.00%
Number of businesses acquired	1
November 2022 Acquisition [Member]
Basis of Presentation [Abstract]
Acquisition date	Nov. 30, 2022
Percentage of interest acquired	80.00%
Number of businesses acquired	13
October 2022 Acquisition [Member]
Basis of Presentation [Abstract]
Acquisition date	Oct. 31, 2022
Percentage of interest acquired	60.00%
Number of businesses acquired	14
September 2022 Acquisition [Member]
Basis of Presentation [Abstract]
Acquisition date	Sep. 30, 2022
Percentage of interest acquired	80.00%
Number of businesses acquired	2
August 2022 Acquisition [Member]
Basis of Presentation [Abstract]
Acquisition date	Aug. 31, 2022
Percentage of interest acquired	70.00%
Number of businesses acquired	6
March 2022 Acquisition [Member]
Basis of Presentation [Abstract]
Acquisition date	Mar. 31, 2022
Percentage of interest acquired	70.00%
Number of businesses acquired	6
Management Contracts [Member]
Basis of Presentation [Abstract]
Number of third party facilities | Facility	35

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) ReportingUnit Segment Region	Mar. 31, 2022 ReportingUnit	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Number of business segments | Segment	2
Number of regions | Region	6
Number of reporting units | ReportingUnit	2	2
Goodwill impairment	$ 0		$ 9,112
Impairment of long-lived assets	0
Industrial Injury Prevention Services [Member]
Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Goodwill impairment	$ 9,100
Other [Member]
Goodwill and Other Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets [Abstract]
Number of reporting units | ReportingUnit	7
Impairment of goodwill and tradenames	$ 0

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023
Minimum [Member]
Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests [Abstract]
Redeemable non-controlling interest, redemption rights, commencement period	3 years
Maximum [Member]
Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests [Abstract]
Redeemable non-controlling interest, redemption rights, commencement period	5 years

XML

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, Income Taxes (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Income Taxes [Abstract]
Unrecognized tax benefit	$ 0
Accrued interest and penalties associated with any unrecognized tax benefits	0
Interest expense recognized	$ 0

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, Fair Value of Financial Instruments (Details) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Interest rate derivative	$ 3.6
Unrealized loss from interest rate swap	(1.4)
Decrease in put right	(0.1)
Put right value	3.7	$ 2.7
Other Current Assets [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Interest rate derivative	2.6
Other Assets [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Interest rate derivative	$ 1.0
Volatility [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Debt instrument, measurement input	0.25
Discount Rate [Member]
Fair Value of Financial Instruments [Abstract]
Debt instrument, measurement input	0.1098

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BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES, Segment Reporting (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 Segment
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of business segments	2

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ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES, 2023 Acquisitions (Details) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
	Feb. 28, 2023 USD ($) Clinic	Mar. 31, 2023 Clinic	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Number of clinics | Clinic		647
Acquisitions [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Percentage of interest acquired	80.00%
Number of clinics | Clinic	1
Percentage of interest retained by practice founder	20.00%
Cash paid, net of cash acquired	$ 5,796
Seller note	$ 360		$ 1,574
Percentage of interest accrued	4.50%
Total consideration	$ 6,156		71,362
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired [Abstract]
Total current assets	168		1,558
Total non-current assets	1,062		7,619
Total liabilities	(1,012)		(9,865)
Net tangible assets acquired	218		(688)
Customer and referral relationships	1,586		18,955
Non-compete agreement	76		983
Tradenames	391		4,417
Goodwill	5,424		74,496
Fair value of non-controlling interest (classified as redeemable non-controlling interest)	(1,539)		(26,801)
Total consideration	$ 6,156		$ 71,362

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ACQUISITIONS OF BUSINESSES, 2022 Acquisitions (Details) $ in Thousands							3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Feb. 28, 2023 USD ($) Clinic	Nov. 30, 2022 USD ($) Clinic	Oct. 31, 2022 USD ($) Clinic	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($) Clinic	Aug. 31, 2022 USD ($) Clinic	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) Clinic	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) Clinic	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Number of clinics | Clinic							647
Cash paid, net of cash acquired							$ 5,796	$ 11,242
Customer and Referral Relationships [Member]
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired [Abstract]
Estimated useful lives of acquired intangibles							12 years		12 years
Non-compete Agreements [Member]
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired [Abstract]
Estimated useful lives of acquired intangibles							5 years		5 years
Clinic Practice [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Percentage of interest acquired		80.00%	60.00%	80.00%	70.00%	70.00%		70.00%
Number of clinics | Clinic		13	14	2	6	6
Percentage of interest retained by practice founder		20.00%	40.00%	20.00%	30.00%	30.00%		30.00%
Aggregate purchase price for the acquisition		$ 25,000	$ 19,500	$ 4,200	$ 3,500	$ 11,500
Cash paid for acquisition		$ 24,200		$ 3,900	$ 3,300	$ 11,200
Percentage of interest accrued		7.00%		5.50%	5.50%	3.50%		3.50%
Seller notes		$ 800		$ 300	$ 200	$ 300		$ 300
Contingent payments			$ 9,000
Clinic Practice [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Contingent payments		$ 1,600
Acquisitions [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Percentage of interest acquired	80.00%
Number of clinics | Clinic	1
Percentage of interest retained by practice founder	20.00%
Cash paid for acquisition	$ 5,796
Percentage of interest accrued	4.50%
Cash paid, net of cash acquired									$ 59,788
Seller notes	$ 360								1,574
Contingent payments									10,000
Total consideration	6,156								71,362
Estimated fair value of net tangible assets acquired [Abstract]
Total current assets	168								1,558
Total non-current assets	1,062								7,619
Total liabilities	(1,012)								(9,865)
Net tangible assets acquired	218								(688)
Customer and referral relationships	1,586								18,955
Non-compete agreements	76								983
Tradenames	391								4,417
Goodwill	5,424								74,496
Fair value of non-controlling interest (classified as redeemable non-controlling interest)	(1,539)								(26,801)
Total consideration	$ 6,156								$ 71,362

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REVENUE RECOGNITION (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2027	Dec. 31, 2025	Dec. 31, 2022	Jul. 07, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2013
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [Abstract]
Revenue related to the various categories		$ 148,509,000	$ 131,704,000
Medicare Reimbursement [Abstract]
Estimated percentage of decrease in payment		3.50%
Percentage of reduction in Medicare payments for services performed by a physical or occupational therapist										15.00%
Federal debt ceiling in connection with deficit reductions		10 years
Reductions in federal spending		$ 1,200,000,000,000
Expected reduction in Medicare spending percentage								0.75%			2.00%	2.00%
Percentage of payment reduction waived through enacted legislation	2.00%
Term for sequester relief applied to all Medicare payments		3 months
Percentage of sequester relief applied to all Medicare payments through March 31, 2022										2.00%
Percentage of payment reduction waived through legislation, after March 2022 through June 30, 2022								1.00%		1.00%
Percentage of increase in payment adjustment for therapists participating in MIPS		1.00%
Combined physical therapy/speech language pathology expenses		$ 3,700
Reduction in combined physical therapy/speech language pathology expenses		$ 3,000
Percentage of practice expense component		100.00%
Percentage reduction for service		50.00%
Percentage of payment for outpatient therapy services		85.00%
Net patient revenue from Medicare accounts		$ 41,900,000	35,600,000
CMS [Member]
Medicare Reimbursement [Abstract]
Estimated percentage of decrease in payment		9.00%
Expected reduction in Medicare spending percentage								3.75%	4.50%
Minimum [Member]
Contractual Allowances [Abstract]
Difference between net revenues and corresponding cash collections, approximately of net revenues		1.00%
Difference between actual aggregate contractual reserve and estimated contractual allowance reserve percentage		1.00%
Maximum contractual allowance reserve estimate		1.00%
Maximum [Member]
Medicare Reimbursement [Abstract]
Expected reduction in Medicare spending percentage		2.00%
Percentage of therapist providers participating in MIPS		3.00%
Contractual Allowances [Abstract]
Difference between net revenues and corresponding cash collections, approximately of net revenues		1.50%
Difference between actual aggregate contractual reserve and estimated contractual allowance reserve percentage		1.50%
Maximum contractual allowance reserve estimate		1.50%
Forecast [Member]
Medicare Reimbursement [Abstract]
Percentage of increase in Medicare payment rates				1.25%	2.50%
Expected reduction in Medicare spending percentage					2.00%	2.00%	2.00%
From 2017 through 2019 [Member]
Medicare Reimbursement [Abstract]
Percentage of increase in Medicare payment rates		0.50%
From 2020 through 2025 [Member]
Medicare Reimbursement [Abstract]
Percentage of increase in Medicare payment rates		0.00%
Net Patient Revenue [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [Abstract]
Revenue related to the various categories		$ 126,581,000	109,538,000
Other Revenue [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [Abstract]
Revenue related to the various categories		799,000	872,000
Physical Therapy Operations [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [Abstract]
Revenue related to the various categories		127,380,000	110,410,000
Management Contract [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [Abstract]
Revenue related to the various categories		1,779,000	2,226,000
Industrial Injury Prevention Services [Member]
Revenue from Contract with Customer, Excluding Assessed Tax [Abstract]
Revenue related to the various categories		$ 19,350,000	$ 19,068,000

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EARNINGS PER SHARE (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Computation of earnings per share - USPH shareholders [Abstract]
Net income attributable to USPH shareholders	$ 7,410	$ 8,799
Charges to retained earnings [Abstract]
Revaluation of redeemable non-controlling interest	119	(153)
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)	(30)	39
Net income attributable to common shareholders	$ 7,499	$ 8,685
Earnings per share basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.58	$ 0.67
Earnings per share diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.58	$ 0.67
Shares used in computation [Abstract]
Basic earnings per share - weighted-average shares (in shares)	13,025	12,937
Diluted earnings per share - weighted-average shares (in shares)	13,025	12,937

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REDEEMABLE NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Changes in Carrying Amount of Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 167,515
Operating results allocated to redeemable non-controlling interest partners	2,720	$ 2,557
Ending balance	164,283		$ 167,515
Carrying Amount (Fair Value) of Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest [Abstract]
Fair value	164,283		167,515
Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest [Member]
Changes in Carrying Amount of Redeemable Non-Controlling Interests [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	167,515	$ 155,262	155,262
Operating results allocated to redeemable non-controlling interest partners	2,720		6,902
Distributions to redeemable non-controlling interest partners	(2,158)		(10,102)
Changes in the fair value of redeemable non-controlling interest	(119)		3,862
Purchases of redeemable non-controlling interest	(6,156)		(16,061)
Acquired interest	1,754		26,746
Contributed capital	0		231
Sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity	639		1,982
Notes receivable related to sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity	532		(1,901)
Adjustments in notes receivable related to the sales of redeemable non-controlling interest - temporary equity	(444)		594
Ending balance	164,283		167,515
Carrying Amount (Fair Value) of Redeemable Non-Controlling Interest [Abstract]
Contractual time period has lapsed but holder's employment has not terminated	70,321		75,688
Contractual time period has not lapsed and holder's employment has not terminated	93,962		91,827
Holder's employment has terminated and contractual time period has expired	0		0
Holder's employment has terminated and contractual time period has not expired	0		0
Fair value	$ 164,283		$ 167,515
Therapy Practice [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Business acquisition, percentage of limited partnership acquired	50.00%
Therapy Practice [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Business acquisition, percentage of limited partnership acquired	90.00%
Therapy Practice [Member] | NewCo. [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Percentage of equity interest of subsidiary contributed for acquisition	100.00%
Business acquisition, percentage of general partnership interest acquired	100.00%
Business acquisition, consideration payable, term of note	2 years
Employment agreement renewal term	1 year
Non-Compete agreement term under condition of termination of employment of employed selling shareholder	2 years
Therapy Practice [Member] | NewCo. [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Employment agreement term	3 years
Non-Compete agreement term regardless of whether the selling shareholder is employed	5 years
Therapy Practice [Member] | NewCo. [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Employment agreement term	5 years
Non-Compete agreement term regardless of whether the selling shareholder is employed	6 years
ProgressiveHealth [Member] | NewCo. [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Percentage of equity interest of subsidiary contributed for acquisition	100.00%
Non-Compete agreement term under condition of termination of employment of employed selling shareholder	2 years
Non-Compete agreement term regardless of whether the selling shareholder is employed	7 years
Percentage of right to sell equity interest on each of the 4th and 5th anniversaries	30.00%
Percentage of right to sell equity interest on each of the 6th and 7th anniversaries	10.00%

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GOODWILL (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Goodwill [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 494,101	$ 434,679
Goodwill acquired	5,424	72,674
Goodwill adjustments for purchase price allocation of businesses acquired in prior year	1,822	(4,140)
Goodwill impairment	0	(9,112)
Ending balance	$ 501,347	$ 494,101

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET, Intangible Assets, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Total	$ 108,991	$ 108,755
Tradenames [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Total	43,764	43,373
Customer and Referral Relationships [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Total	63,160	63,238
Accumulated amortization	$ 25,400	23,736
Estimated useful life	12 years 8 months 12 days
Customer and Referral Relationships [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Estimated useful life	7 years
Customer and Referral Relationships [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Estimated useful life	16 years
Non-compete Agreements [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Total	$ 2,067	2,144
Accumulated amortization	$ 7,152	$ 6,999
Estimated useful life	5 years
Non-compete Agreements [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Estimated useful life	5 years
Non-compete Agreements [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]
Estimated useful life	6 years

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET, Amortization Expenses (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Amortization of Deferred Charges [Abstract]
Total amortization expenses	$ 1,817	$ 2,197
Customer and Referral Relationships [Member]
Amortization of Deferred Charges [Abstract]
Total amortization expenses	1,664	2,050
Non-compete Agreements [Member]
Amortization of Deferred Charges [Abstract]
Total amortization expenses	$ 153	$ 147

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INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET, Amortization of Referral Relationships and Non-Competition Agreements (Details) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Customer and Referral Relationships [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Amortization Expense, Maturity [Abstract]
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	$ 5,096
2024	6,636
2025	6,492
2026	6,023
2027	5,860
Thereafter	33,053
Non-compete Agreements [Member]
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Amortization Expense, Maturity [Abstract]
2023 (excluding the three months ended March 31, 2023)	464
2024	576
2025	505
2026	365
2027	$ 157

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ACCRUED EXPENSES (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Payables and Accruals [Abstract]
Salaries and related costs	$ 16,975	$ 22,912
Credit balances due to patients and payors	7,962	8,094
Group health insurance claims	2,930	1,666
Closure costs	230	243
Dividend payable	5,617	0
Payable related to purchase of redeemable non-controlling interest	5,015	4,498
Interest payable	1,193	0
Contingent consideration	1,600	0
Other	3,698	0
Total	$ 45,220	$ 37,413

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BORROWINGS, Amended Credit Agreement and Credit Agreement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Principal amount	$ 192,168	$ 185,555
Principal amount, current portion	7,730	8,271
Principal amount, net of current portion	184,438	177,284
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost [Abstract]
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost	1,757	1,861
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost, current portion	0	408
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost, net of current portion	1,757	1,453
Net debt [Abstract]
Net debt	190,411	183,694
Net debt, less current portion	7,730	7,863
Net debt, net of current portion	182,681	175,831
Revolving Facility [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Principal amount	38,000	31,000
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost [Abstract]
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost	0	0
Net debt [Abstract]
Net debt	38,000	31,000
Term Facility [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Principal amount	147,188	148,125
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost [Abstract]
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost	1,757	1,861
Net debt [Abstract]
Net debt	145,431	146,264
Other Debt [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Principal amount	6,980	6,430
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost [Abstract]
Unamortized discount and debt issuance cost	0	0
Net debt [Abstract]
Net debt	$ 6,980	$ 6,430

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BORROWINGS, Credit Facilities (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Dec. 05, 2013
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Aggregate amount of notes payable	$ 192,168,000		$ 185,555,000
Principal payments on notes payable	422,000	$ 332,000
Notes Payable [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Aggregate amount of notes payable	7,400,000
Principal payments on notes payable	400,000
Aggregate principal payment due in 2023	4,100,000
Aggregate principal payment due in 2024	1,900,000
Aggregate principal payment due in 2025	$ 1,000,000
Notes Payable [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Average effective interest rate	3.25%
Notes Payable [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Average effective interest rate	8.00%
Term Facility [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Revolving credit facility commitment	$ 150,000,000
Frequency of term facility	quarterly
Interest rate on credit facility in first two years	0.625%
Interest rate on credit facility in third and fourth year	1.25%
Interest rate on credit facility in fifth year	1.875%
Aggregate amount of notes payable	$ 147,188,000		148,125,000
Revolving Facility [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Revolving credit facility commitment	$ 175,000,000			$ 125,000,000
Term of credit facility	5 years
Aggregate amount of notes payable	$ 38,000,000		$ 31,000,000
Revolving Facility [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Percentage of unused commitment fee	0.25%
Revolving Facility [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Increase on limit of credit facility	$ 50,000,000
Percentage of unused commitment fee	0.35%
Standby Letters of Credit [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Revolving credit facility commitment	$ 12,000,000
Swingline Loans [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Revolving credit facility commitment	$ 15,000,000
Swingline Loans [Member] | SOFR [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Applicable margin for SOFR borrowings rate	1.50%
Swingline Loans [Member] | SOFR [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Applicable margin for SOFR borrowings rate	2.25%
Swingline Loans [Member] | Alternate Base Rate [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Spread on variable rate	0.50%
Swingline Loans [Member] | Alternate Base Rate [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Spread on variable rate	1.25%
Senior Credit Facility [Member]
Debt Instruments [Abstract]
Debt instrument, maturity date	Jun. 17, 2027
Aggregate principal amount	$ 325,000,000
Increase on limit of credit facility	$ 100,000,000
Leverage ratio	2
Outstanding amount	$ 185,200,000
Remaining revolving credit outstanding	$ 137,000,000

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DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended
	Jul. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Jun. 30, 2022
Derivative Instrument, Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income		$ 11,427	$ 11,982
Other comprehensive loss [Abstract]
Unrealized loss on cash flow hedge		(1,817)	0
Tax effect at statutory rate (federal and state)		464	0
Comprehensive income		10,074	11,982
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest		(4,017)	(3,183)
Comprehensive income attributable to USPH shareholders		$ 6,057	8,799
Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Derivative Instruments [Abstract]
Notional value				$ 150,000
Debt instrument, maturity date		Jun. 30, 2027
Interest Rate Swap [Member] | Other Current Assets [Member]
Carrying and Fair Value of Interest Rate Derivatives [Abstract]
Interest rate swap		$ 2,614	0
Interest Rate Swap [Member] | Other Assets [Member]
Carrying and Fair Value of Interest Rate Derivatives [Abstract]
Interest rate swap		$ 947	$ 0
Interest Rate Swap [Member] | SOFR [Member]
Derivative Instruments [Abstract]
Term of variable rate	1 month
Debt instrument, fixed rate of interest	2.815%

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LEASES (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended
		Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Components of Lease Expense [Abstract]
Operating lease cost		$ 9,365	$ 8,404
Short-term lease cost		274	321
Variable lease cost		2,132	1,932
Total lease cost	[1]	11,771	10,657
Supplemental Information Related to Leases [Abstract]
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of operating lease liabilities		9,646	8,617
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities		6,281	$ 6,011
Future Lease Payments for Operating Leases [Abstract]
2023		27,967
2024		31,548
2025		23,584
2026		16,065
2027 and thereafter		16,836
Total lease payments		116,000
Less: imputed interest		6,890
Total operating lease liabilities		$ 109,110
Average Lease Terms and Discount Rates [Abstract]
Weighted-average remaining lease term - Operating leases		4 years	4 years 1 month 6 days
Weighted-average discount rate - Operating leases		3.10%	2.70%
Maximum [Member]
Operating Lease [Abstract]
Lease term		5 years

[1] Sublease income was immaterial

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SEGMENT INFORMATION (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022
Segment Information [Abstract]
Net operating revenue	$ 148,509	$ 131,704
Gross profit	30,857	26,588
Total assets	868,127	763,863	$ 858,154
Reportable Segments [Member] | Physical Therapy Operations [Member]
Segment Information [Abstract]
Net operating revenue	129,159	112,636
Gross profit	27,089	22,436
Total assets	726,422	608,240
Reportable Segments [Member] | Industrial Injury Prevention Services [Member]
Segment Information [Abstract]
Net operating revenue	19,350	19,068
Gross profit	3,768	4,152
Total assets	$ 141,705	$ 155,623

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INVESTMENT IN UNCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATE (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliate [Abstract]
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate	$ 12,160	$ 12,131
Joint Venture Interest [Member]
Investments in Unconsolidated Affiliate [Abstract]
Percentage of ownership in joint venture interest	49.00%
Investment in unconsolidated affiliate	$ 12,200
Distribution received from investment in unconsolidated affiliate	$ 300

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SUBSEQUENT EVENT (Details) - $ / shares		3 Months Ended
	May 09, 2023	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)		$ 0.43	$ 0.41
Subsequent Event [Member]
Business Combination, Description [Abstract]
Dividends declared per common share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.43
Dividend payable	Jun. 09, 2023
Dividend recorded	May 18, 2023