RESTRUCTURING-RELATED ACTIVITIES

On an on-going basis, we monitor the dynamics of the economy, the healthcare industry, and the markets in which we compete; and we continue to assess opportunities for improved operational effectiveness and efficiency, and better alignment of expenses with revenues, while preserving our ability to make the investments in research and development projects, capital and our people that we believe are essential to our long-term success. As a result of these assessments, we have undertaken various restructuring initiatives in order to enhance our growth potential and position us for long-term success. These initiatives are described below.

2011 Restructuring plan

On July 26, 2011, our Board of Directors approved, and we committed to, a restructuring initiative (the 2011 Restructuring plan) designed to strengthen operational effectiveness and efficiencies, increase competitiveness and support new investments, thereby increasing shareholder value. Key activities under the plan include standardizing and automating certain processes and activities; relocating select administrative and functional activities; rationalizing organizational reporting structures; leveraging preferred vendors; and other efforts to eliminate inefficiency. Among these efforts, we are expanding our ability to deliver best-in-class global shared services for certain functions and divisions at several locations in emerging markets. This action is intended to enable us to grow our global commercial presence in key geographies and take advantage of many cost-reducing and productivity-enhancing opportunities. In addition, we are undertaking efforts to streamline various corporate functions, eliminate bureaucracy, increase productivity and better align corporate resources to our key business strategies. Activities under the 2011 Restructuring plan were initiated in the third quarter of 2011 and are expected to be substantially complete by the end of 2013.

We estimate that the 2011 Restructuring plan will result in total pre-tax charges of approximately $155 million to $210 million, and that approximately $150 million to $200 million of these charges will result in future cash outlays, of which we had made payments of $54 million as of June 30, 2012. As of June 30, 2012, we had recorded related costs of $78 million since the inception of the plan, and are recording a portion of these expenses as restructuring charges and the remaining portion through other lines within our consolidated statements of operations.

The following provides a summary of our expected total costs associated with the 2011 Restructuring plan by major type of cost:



Type of cost	Total estimated amount expected to be incurred
Restructuring charges:
Termination benefits	$125 million to $150 million
Other (1)	$20 million to $40 million
Restructuring-related expenses:
Other (2)	$10 million to $20 million
	$155 million to $210 million


(1)	Includes primarily consulting fees and costs associated with contractual cancellations.


(2)	Comprised of other costs directly related to the 2011 Restructuring plan, including program management, accelerated depreciation, retention and infrastructure-related costs.

2010 Restructuring plan

On February 6, 2010, our Board of Directors approved, and we committed to, a series of management changes and restructuring initiatives (the 2010 Restructuring plan) designed to focus our business, drive innovation, accelerate profitable revenue growth and increase both accountability and shareholder value. Key activities under the plan include the integration of our Cardiovascular and CRM businesses, as well as the restructuring of certain other businesses and corporate functions; the re-alignment of our international structure to reduce our administrative costs and invest in expansion opportunities including significant investments in emerging markets; and the re-prioritization and diversification of our product portfolio. Activities under the 2010 Restructuring plan were initiated in the first quarter of 2010 and are expected to be substantially complete by the end of 2012.

We estimate that the 2010 Restructuring plan will result in total pre-tax charges of approximately $165 million to $185 million, and that approximately $150 million to $160 million of these charges will result in cash outlays, of which we had made payments of $143 million as of June 30, 2012. As of June 30, 2012, we had recorded related costs of $159 million since the inception of the plan, and are recording a portion of these expenses as restructuring charges and the remaining portion through other lines within our consolidated statements of operations.

The following provides a summary of our expected total costs associated with the 2010 Restructuring plan by major type of cost:



Type of cost	Total estimated amount expected to be incurred
Restructuring charges:
Termination benefits	$95 million to $100 million
Fixed asset write-offs	$10 million to $15 million
Other (1)	$50 million to $55 million
Restructuring-related expenses:
Other (2)	$10 million to $15 million
	$165 million to $185 million


(1)	Includes primarily consulting fees and costs associated with contractual cancellations.


(2)	Comprised of other costs directly related to the 2010 Restructuring plan, including accelerated depreciation and infrastructure-related costs.

Plant Network Optimization program

In January 2009, our Board of Directors approved, and we committed to, a plant network optimization initiative (the Plant Network Optimization program), which is intended to simplify our manufacturing plant structure by transferring certain production lines among facilities and by closing certain other facilities. The program is a complement to the restructuring initiatives approved by our Board of Directors in 2007 (the 2007 Restructuring plan), and is intended to improve overall gross profit margins. Activities under the Plant Network Optimization program were initiated in the first quarter of 2009 and are expected to be substantially complete by the end of 2012.

We estimate that the execution of the Plant Network Optimization program will result in total pre-tax charges of approximately $130 million to $145 million, and that approximately $110 million to $120 million of these charges will result in cash outlays, of which we had made payments of $94 million as of June 30, 2012. As of June 30, 2012, we had recorded related costs of $129 million since the inception of the plan, and are recording a portion of these expenses as restructuring charges and the remaining portion through cost of products sold within our consolidated statements of operations.

The following provides a summary of our estimates of costs associated with the Plant Network Optimization program by major type of cost:



Type of cost	Total estimated amount expected to be incurred
Restructuring charges:
Termination benefits	$35 million to $40 million

Restructuring-related expenses:
Accelerated depreciation	$20 million to $25 million
Transfer costs (1)	$75 million to $80 million
	$130 million to $145 million


(1)	Consists primarily of costs to transfer product lines among facilities, including costs of transfer teams, freight, idle facility and product line validations.

In the aggregate, we recorded restructuring charges pursuant to our restructuring plans of $28 million in the second quarter of 2012, $18 million in the second quarter of 2011, $39 million in the first half of 2012, and $56 million in the first half of 2011. In addition, we recorded expenses within other lines of our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations related to our restructuring initiatives of $5 million in the second quarter of 2012, $12 million in the second quarter of 2011, $11 million in the first half of 2012, and $24 million in the first half of 2011.

The following presents these costs by major type and line item within our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations, as well as by program:



Three Months Ended June 30, 2012
(in millions)	Termination Benefits		Accelerated Depreciation		Transfer Costs		Fixed Asset Write-offs	Other		Total
Restructuring charges	$	22						$	6	$	28
Restructuring-related expenses:
Cost of products sold					$	2				2
Selling, general and administrative expenses								3		3
					2			3		5
	$	22			$	2		$	9	$	33


(in millions)	Termination Benefits		Accelerated Depreciation		Transfer Costs		Fixed Asset Write-offs	Other		Total
2011 Restructuring plan	$	20						$	8	$	28
2010 Restructuring plan								1		1
Plant Network Optimization program	2				$	2				4
	$	22			$	2		$	9	$	33

Three Months Ended June 30, 2011
(in millions)	Termination Benefits		Accelerated Depreciation		Transfer Costs		Fixed Asset Write-offs	Other		Total
Restructuring charges	$	8						$	10	$	18
Restructuring-related expenses:
Cost of products sold			$	3	$	8				11
Selling, general and administrative expenses								1		1
			3		8			1		12
	$	8	$	3	$	8		$	11	$	30

(in millions)	Termination Benefits		Accelerated Depreciation		Transfer Costs		Fixed Asset Write-offs	Other		Total
2010 Restructuring plan	$	2						$	11	$	13
Plant Network Optimization program	6		$	3	$	8				17
	$	8	$	3	$	8		$	11	$	30



Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
(in millions)	Termination Benefits			Accelerated Depreciation		Transfer Costs		Fixed Asset Write-offs	Other		Total
Restructuring charges	$	20							$	19	$	39
Restructuring-related expenses:
Cost of products sold						$	6				6
Selling, general and administrative expenses									5		5
						6			5		11
	$	20				$	6		$	24	$	50


(in millions)	Termination Benefits			Accelerated Depreciation		Transfer Costs		Fixed Asset Write-offs	Other		Total
2011 Restructuring plan	$	22							$	21	$	43
2010 Restructuring plan	(2		)						3		1
Plant Network Optimization program						$	6				6
	$	20				$	6		$	24	$	50

Six Months Ended June 30, 2011

(in millions)	Termination Benefits			Accelerated Depreciation		Transfer Costs		Fixed Asset Write-offs	Other		Total
Restructuring charges	$	36							$	20	$	56
Restructuring-related expenses:
Cost of products sold				$	6	$	16				22
Selling, general and administrative expenses									2		2
				6		16			2		24
	$	36		$	6	$	16		$	22	$	80

(in millions)	Termination Benefits			Accelerated Depreciation		Transfer Costs		Fixed Asset Write-offs	Other		Total
2010 Restructuring plan	$	29							$	22	$	51
Plant Network Optimization program	7			$	6	$	16				29
	$	36		$	6	$	16		$	22	$	80

Termination benefits represent amounts incurred pursuant to our on-going benefit arrangements and amounts for “one-time” involuntary termination benefits, and have been recorded in accordance with ASC Topic 712, Compensation – Non-retirement Postemployment Benefits and ASC Topic 420, Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations (Topic 420). We expect to record additional termination benefits related to our restructuring initiatives in 2012 when we identify with more specificity the job classifications, functions and locations of the remaining head count to be eliminated. Other restructuring costs, which represent primarily consulting fees, are being recorded as incurred in accordance with Topic 420. Accelerated depreciation is being recorded over the adjusted remaining useful life of the related assets, and production line transfer costs are being recorded as incurred.

As of June 30, 2012, we had incurred cumulative restructuring charges related to our 2011 Restructuring plan, 2010 Restructuring plan and Plant Network Optimization program of $258 million and restructuring-related costs of $107 million since we committed to each plan.

The following presents these costs by major type and by plan:



(in millions)	2011 Restructuring plan		2010 Restructuring plan		Plant Network Optimization Program		Total
Termination benefits	$	43	$	88	$	36	$	167
Fixed asset write-offs			11				11
Other	29		51				80
Total restructuring charges	72		150		36		258
Accelerated depreciation					22		22
Transfer costs					71		71
Other	6		9				15
Restructuring-related expenses	6		9		93		108
	$	78	$	159	$	129	$	366

We made cash payments of $30 million in the second quarter of 2012 and $65 million in the first half of 2012 associated with restructuring initiatives pursuant to these plans, and as of June 30, 2012, we had made total cash payments of $291 million related to our 2011 Restructuring plan, 2010 Restructuring plan and Plant Network Optimization program since committing to each plan. Each of these payments was made using cash generated from operations, and is comprised of the following:



(in millions)	2011 Restructuring plan		2010 Restructuring plan		Plant Network Optimization Program		Total
Three Months Ended June 30, 2012
Termination benefits	$	8	$	1	$	6	$	15
Transfer costs					2		2
Other	13						13
	$	21	$	1	$	8	$	30

Six Months Ended June 30, 2012
Termination benefits	$	16	$	3	$	17	$	36
Transfer costs					6		6
Other	23						23
	$	39	$	3	$	23	$	65

Program to Date
Termination benefits	$	19	$	87	$	23	$	129
Transfer costs					71		71
Other	35		56				91
	$	54	$	143	$	94	$	291

We also made cash payments of $1 million during the second quarter of 2012 and $4 million during the first half of 2012 associated with our 2007 Restructuring plan, and as of June 30, 2012, we had made total cash payments of $378 million related to the 2007 Restructuring plan since committing to the plan in the fourth quarter of 2007.

The following is a rollforward of the restructuring liability associated with our 2011 Restructuring plan, 2010 Restructuring plan and Plant Network Optimization program, which is reported as a component of accrued expenses included in our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheets:



																			Plant
																			Network
	2011 Restructuring plan									2010 Restructuring plan									Optimization Program
(in millions)	Termination Benefits			Other			Subtotal			Termination Benefits			Other			Subtotal			Termination Benefits			Total
Accrued as of December 31, 2009																			$	22		$	22
Charges										$	66		$	28		$	94		4			98
Cash payments										(45		)	(20		)	(65		)				(65		)
Accrued as of December 31, 2010										21			8			29			26			55
Charges	$	21		$	13		$	34		24			24			48			10			92
Cash payments	(3		)	(10		)	(13		)	(39		)	(32		)	(71		)	(3		)	(87		)
Accrued as of December 31, 2011	18			3			21			6						6			33			60
Charges	22			21			43			(2		)	2						1			44
Cash payments	(16		)	(23		)	(39		)	(3		)				(3		)	(17		)	(59		)
Accrued as of June 30, 2012	$	24		$	1		$	25		$	1		$	2		$	3		$	17		$	45

The remaining restructuring liability associated with our 2007 Restructuring plan was $2 million as of June 30, 2012 and $6 million as of December 31, 2011.