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Segment Reporting
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2012
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
SEGMENT REPORTING
SEGMENT REPORTING
Each of our reportable segments generates revenues from the sale of medical devices. As of March 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had four reportable segments based on geographic regions: the United States; EMEA, consisting of Europe, the Middle East and Africa; Japan; and Inter-Continental, consisting of our Asia Pacific and the Americas operating segments, which include the emerging markets of Brazil, China and India. The reportable segments represent an aggregate of all operating divisions within each segment. We measure and evaluate our reportable segments based on segment net sales and operating income. We exclude from segment operating income certain corporate and manufacturing-related expenses, as our corporate and manufacturing functions do not meet the definition of a segment, as defined by ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting. In addition, certain transactions or adjustments that our chief operating decision maker considers to be non-recurring and/or non-operational, such as amounts related to goodwill and other intangible asset impairment charges; acquisition-, divestiture-, restructuring- and litigation-related charges and credits; as well as amortization expense, are excluded from segment operating income. Although we exclude these amounts from segment operating income, they are included in reported consolidated operating income (loss) and are included in the reconciliation below.
We manage our international operating segments on a constant currency basis. Sales generated from reportable segments and divested businesses, as well as operating results of reportable segments and expenses from manufacturing operations, are based on internally-derived standard currency exchange rates, which may differ from year to year, and do not include intersegment profits. We have restated the segment information for 2011 net sales and operating results based on standard currency exchange rates used for 2012 in order to remove the impact of currency fluctuations. Because of the interdependence of the reportable segments, the operating profit as presented may not be representative of the geographic distribution that would occur if the segments were not interdependent. A reconciliation of the totals reported for the reportable segments to the applicable line items in our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations is as follows:

 
 
Three Months Ended
March 31,
(in millions)
 
2012
 
2011
Net sales
 
 
 
 (restated)
United States
 
$
978

 
$
1,023

EMEA
 
446

 
463

Japan
 
210

 
214

Inter-Continental
 
192

 
175

Net sales allocated to reportable segments
 
1,826

 
1,875

Sales generated from divested businesses
 
29

 
34

Impact of foreign currency fluctuations
 
11

 
16

 
 
$
1,866

 
$
1,925

Income before income taxes
 
 
 
 
United States
 
$
145

 
$
216

EMEA
 
167

 
204

Japan
 
101

 
99

Inter-Continental
 
59

 
62

Operating income allocated to reportable segments
 
472

 
581

Manufacturing operations
 
(69
)
 
(67
)
Corporate expenses and currency exchange
 
(80
)
 
(63
)
Goodwill impairment charge; and acquisition-, divestiture-, and restructuring- related net (charges) credits
 
(30
)
 
3

Amortization expense
 
(97
)
 
(132
)
 
 
196

 
322

Other expense, net
 
(73
)
 
(49
)
 
 
$
123

 
$
273