<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0306</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>4</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2022-03-03</periodOfReport>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0000885590</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>Bausch Health Companies Inc.</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>BHC</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001683323</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>APPIO THOMAS</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>400 SOMERSET CORPORATE BOULEVARD</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2></rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>BRIDGEWATER</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>NJ</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>08807</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isOfficer>1</isOfficer>
            <officerTitle>CEO, Pharma Business</officerTitle>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <nonDerivativeTable>
        <nonDerivativeTransaction>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Shares, No Par Value</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <transactionDate>
                <value>2022-03-03</value>
            </transactionDate>
            <transactionCoding>
                <transactionFormType>4</transactionFormType>
                <transactionCode>F</transactionCode>
                <equitySwapInvolved>0</equitySwapInvolved>
            </transactionCoding>
            <transactionTimeliness></transactionTimeliness>
            <transactionAmounts>
                <transactionShares>
                    <value>5564</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F1"/>
                </transactionShares>
                <transactionPricePerShare>
                    <value>23.61</value>
                </transactionPricePerShare>
                <transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
                    <value>D</value>
                </transactionAcquiredDisposedCode>
            </transactionAmounts>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>475267</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>D</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeTransaction>
    </nonDerivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">This number represents common shares, no par value, of the Issuer withheld to satisfy the tax withholding obligations due upon vesting of Restricted Share Units.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <remarks>Due to an inadvertent administrative error, the reporting person previously filed a Form 4 on March 2, 2022 reporting the vesting of performance-based Restricted Share Units (&quot;PSUs&quot;) on February 27, 2022. The Issuer's Talent and Compensation Committee of the Board certified the performance goals applicable to these PSUs on February 14, 2022, which was the correct date on which these PSUs performance-vested.</remarks>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>/s/ Debra E. Levin, attorney-in-fact for Thomas Appio</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2022-03-07</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
