Recently adopted accounting standards and recently issued accounting pronouncements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2019

Accounting Changes And Error Corrections [Abstract]

Recently adopted accounting standards and recently issued accounting pronouncements

2. Recently adopted accounting standards and recently issued accounting pronouncements

Adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2016-02, which changes how lessees account for leases. For most leases, the standard requires a liability to be recorded on the balance sheet based on the present value of future lease obligations with a corresponding right-of-use asset. For leases classified as operating leases, the Company is now required to recognize lease costs on a straight-line basis based on the combined amortization of the lease obligation and the right-of-use asset. Other leases are will be accounted for as finance leases, similar to capital leases under the previous accounting standard.  Effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted ASU 2016-02 using a modified retrospective approach. Upon adoption, the Company elected a package of practical expedients permitted within the new standard. The elected practical expedients allow the Company to carry forward its historical lease classification and to not separate and allocate the consideration paid between lease and non-lease components included within a contract. The Company also elected an optional transition method that waives the requirement to apply the ASU to the comparative periods presented within the financial statements in the year of adoption. Therefore, results for reporting periods beginning after January 1, 2019 are presented under Topic 842, while prior period amounts are not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting policies under Topic 840. See Note 8 for additional discussion of the Company’s adoption of Topic 842 and its lease accounting policies.

Adoption of ASU 2018-02, Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, which allows entities to reclassify stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "Tax Act") from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) to retained earnings. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2019, using a modified retrospective approach, which resulted in an increase to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and a decrease in retained earnings of $0.9 million.

Adoption of ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09. Topic 606 supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Topic 605, Revenue Recognition, and requires entities to recognize revenue when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The Company adopted Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 606 as of January 1, 2018 using the modified retrospective transition method, which was applied to all contracts. Results for prior period amounts were not adjusted and continue to be reported in accordance with the Company’s historic accounting under the previous revenue recognition standard, Topic 605. See Note 14 for further discussion of the Company’s revenue recognition policies.

Adoption of ASU 2016-01, Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10), and ASU 2018-03, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments – Overall (Subtopic 825-10)

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-01, which was then further clarified in ASU 2018-03, in February 2018. This guidance required entities to measure equity investments at fair value and recognize any changes in fair value in net income. However, for certain equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values, the new guidance allows companies to measure the investments using a new measurement alternative, which values the investments at cost, less any impairments, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. The Company prospectively adopted both ASU 2016-01 and ASU 2018-03 as of January 1, 2018, and now uses the new measurement alternative for the Company’s equity investments in Bone Biologics, Inc. (“Bone Biologics”), which historically had been measured at cost. See Note 11 for further discussion related to our investment in Bone BIologics.

Recently issued accounting pronouncements

Topic	Description of Guidance	Effective Date	Status of Company's Evaluation
Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (ASU 2016-13), and subsequent amendments	Requires that credit losses for certain types of financial instruments, including trade accounts receivable, be estimated based on expected losses and also modifies the impairment models for available-for-sale debt securities and for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration since their origination. Applied using a modified retrospective approach, with early adoption permitted.	January 1, 2020	The Company formed an implementation team to evaluate the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements. Based on its preliminary evaluation, the Company expects to record an increase in its allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $1.1 million, an increase in deferred income taxes of approximately $0.2 million, and a decrease in retained earnings of approximately $0.9 million. The Company does not expect material impacts to its consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss) or to its consolidated statements of cash flows.
Goodwill (ASU 2017-04)	Eliminates Step 2 of the current goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation to measure goodwill impairment. A goodwill impairment loss will instead be measured at the amount by which a reporting unit's carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the recorded amount of goodwill. Applied on a prospective basis, with early adoption permitted.	January 1, 2020	The Company does not expect this ASU to have a significant impact on its financial statements or disclosures.

Topic	Description of Guidance	Effective Date	Status of Company's Evaluation
Fair value measurement (ASU 2018-13)	Eliminates such disclosures as the amount of and reasons for transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy and adds new disclosure requirements for Level 3 measurements. Certain of the provisions are to be applied retrospectively with other provisions  applied prospectively.	January 1, 2020	The Company does not expect the ASU to have a significant impact on its financial statements, but the ASU may have a significant impact on disclosures for any level 3 assets or liabilities.
Implementation costs in a cloud computing arrangement that is a service contract (ASU 2018-15)	Aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software. The accounting for the service element of a hosting arrangement that is a service contract is not affected by the amendments in this update. Applied either retrospectively or prospectively to all implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption.	January 1, 2020	The Company plans to adopt this ASU prospectively on January 1, 2020. However, the Company does not expect this ASU to have a material impact to its consolidated financial statements.
Simplifying the accounting for income taxes (ASU 2019-12)	Reduces the complexity of accounting for income taxes by eliminating certain exceptions to the general principles in ASC 740, Income Taxes. Additionally, the ASU simplifies GAAP by amending the requirements related to the accounting for "hybrid" tax regimes and also adding the requirement to evaluate when a step up in the tax basis of goodwill should be considered part of the business combination and when it should be considered a separate transaction. Certain of the provisions are to be applied retrospectively with other provisions  applied prospectively.	January 1, 2021	The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU may have on its consolidated financial statements.