Stock Based Compensation

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2015

5.	Stock Based Compensation

The Roper Technologies, Inc. Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Plan is a stock-based compensation plan used to grant incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, restricted stock, stock appreciation rights or equivalent instruments to Roper's employees, officers and directors.

Roper's stock purchase plan allows employees in the U.S. and Canada to designate up to 10% of eligible earnings to purchase Roper's common stock at a 5% discount to the average closing price of the stock at the beginning and end of a quarterly offering period. Common stock sold to employees may be either treasury stock, stock purchased on the open market, or newly issued shares.

The following table provides information regarding the Company's stock-based compensation expense (in thousands):

	Three months ended September 30,						Nine months ended September 30,
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Stock based compensation		$	17,597		$	16,998		$	47,035		$	47,011
Tax effect recognized in net income			6,159			5,949			16,462			16,454
Windfall tax benefit/(shortfall), net			2,132			3,126			10,887			14,727

Stock Options - In the nine months ended September 30, 2015, 585,155 options were granted with a weighted average fair value of $33.69 per option. During the same period in 2014, 614,500 options were granted with a weighted average fair value of $35.02 per option. All options were issued at grant date fair value, which is defined by the Plan as the closing price of Roper's common stock on the date of grant.

Roper records compensation expense for employee stock options based on the estimated fair value of the options on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. Historical data is used to estimate the expected price volatility, the expected dividend yield, the expected option life and the expected forfeiture rate. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant for the estimated life of the option. The following weighted average assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of options granted during current and prior year periods using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model:

	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2015		2014
Risk-free interest rate (%)		1.52		1.63
Expected option life (years)		5.10		5.23
Expected volatility (%)		22.23		27.27
Expected dividend yield (%)		0.62		0.59

Cash received from option exercises for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was $21.3 million and $29.5 million, respectively.

Restricted Stock Awards - During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, 349,035 restricted stock awards were granted with a weighted average grant date fair value of $152.80 per restricted share. During the same period in 2014, 341,810 restricted stock awards were granted with a weighted average grant date fair value of $140.91 per restricted share. All grants were issued at grant date fair value.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, 61,889 restricted awards vested with a weighted average grant date fair value of $129.11 per restricted share, and a weighted average vest date fair value of $166.95 per restricted share.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan - During the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, participants of the employee stock purchase plan purchased 13,437 and 15,695 shares, respectively, of Roper's common stock for total consideration of $2.12 million and $2.08 million, respectively. All shares were purchased from Roper's treasury shares.