Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes and (Provision for) Benefit from Income Taxes

Income from continuing operations before income taxes and the (provision for) benefit from income taxes consisted of the following:

	Year ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Income from continuing operations:
United States	$	17.2	$	39.6	$	52.9
Foreign	52.7		39.0		35.9
	$	69.9	$	78.6	$	88.8
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes:
Current:
United States	$	(5.4)	$	(0.7)	$	6.8
Foreign	(6.9)		(3.8)		(5.5)
Total current	(12.3)		(4.5)		1.3
Deferred and other:
United States	0.8		(0.3)		(12.8)
Foreign	0.6		—		(1.0)
Total deferred and other	1.4		(0.3)		(13.8)
Total provision	$	(10.9)	$	(4.8)	$	(12.5)

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

The reconciliation of income tax computed at the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to our effective income tax rate was as follows:

	Year ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Tax at U.S. federal statutory rate	21.0	%	21.0	%	21.0	%
State and local taxes, net of U.S. federal benefit	0.4	%	1.8	%	0.8	%
U.S. credits and exemptions	(20.4)	%	(4.4)	%	(3.3)	%
Foreign earnings/losses taxed at different rates	12.6	%	(4.6)	%	(2.8)	%
Nondeductible expenses	3.3	%	2.2	%	2.5	%
Adjustments to uncertain tax positions	(2.4)	%	(4.4)	%	(0.5)	%
Changes in valuation allowance (1)	47.9	%	(0.6)	%	(1.8)	%
Share-based compensation	(1.8)	%	(3.6)	%	(1.8)	%
Capital loss (1)	(42.5)	%	—	%	—	%
Goodwill impairment and basis adjustments	7.3	%	—	%	—	%
Statutory rate changes	2.1	%	—	%	(0.6)	%
Adjustments to contingent consideration	(8.9)	%	—	%	—	%
Other	(3.0)	%	(1.3)	%	0.6	%
	15.6	%	6.1	%	14.1	%

___________________________________________________________________

(1) During the fourth quarter of 2021, we generated a capital loss in connection with the liquidation of certain recently acquired entities. All but $2.0 of the income tax benefit associated with the capital loss has been reflected in “Gain (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax” in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021. As such, the capital loss had only a minimal impact on our effective income tax rate for continuing operations during the year ended December 31, 2021.

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Significant components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows:

	As of December 31,
	2021		2020
Deferred tax assets:
NOL and credit carryforwards	$	118.6	$	141.0
Pension, other postretirement and postemployment benefits	31.1		36.5
Payroll and compensation	16.3		15.0
Legal, environmental and self-insurance accruals	35.9		22.6
Working capital accruals	17.0		17.1
Other	9.8		8.4
Total deferred tax assets	228.7		240.6
Valuation allowance	(89.8)		(92.0)
Net deferred tax assets	138.9		148.6
Deferred tax liabilities:
Intangible assets recorded in acquisitions	79.4		65.2
Basis difference in affiliates	19.8		16.3
Accelerated depreciation	13.3		11.9
Deferred income	20.2		29.4
Other	16.8		11.1
Total deferred tax liabilities	149.5		133.9
	$	(10.6)	$	14.7

Schedule of Changes in Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The aggregate changes in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 were as follows:

	Year ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Unrecognized tax benefit — opening balance	$	13.6	$	17.2	$	20.3
Gross increases — tax positions in prior period	0.7		0.3		1.1
Gross decreases — tax positions in prior period	(6.4)		(2.2)		(0.8)
Gross increases — tax positions in current period	0.2		0.2		0.2
Settlements	—		(0.3)		(2.1)
Lapse of statute of limitations	(1.1)		(1.7)		(1.5)
Change due to foreign currency exchange rates	0.1		0.1		—
Unrecognized tax benefit — ending balance	$	7.1	$	13.6	$	17.2