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SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (Policy)
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2012
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]  
Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and Equivalents and Restricted Cash

 

Cash and equivalents consist of cash on hand. Cash balances that are legally restricted as to usage or withdrawal are separately included in "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. At June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had $0.7 million and $0.4 million of restricted cash, respectively.

 

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

Included in accounts receivable at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 was earned but unbilled revenue of $9.7 million and $6.6 million, respectively, which results from non-calendar month billing cycles and the one-month lag time in billing related to certain of our services. Earned but unbilled revenue is billed within 30 days. Provision for doubtful accounts was $0.2 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011. Provision for doubtful accounts was $0.6 million and $0.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Write-offs against the allowance for doubtful accounts were $0.1 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011. Write-offs against the allowance for doubtful accounts were $0.4 million and $0.3 million in the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Our allowance for doubtful accounts represents reserves for receivables that reduce accounts receivable to amounts expected to be collected. Management uses significant judgment in estimating uncollectible amounts. In estimating uncollectible amounts, management considers factors such as historical and anticipated customer payment performance and industry-specific economic conditions. Using these factors, management assigns reserves for uncollectible amounts by accounts receivable aging categories to specific customer accounts.

Property and Equipment

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation is recorded under the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, commencing when the assets are placed in service. The estimated useful lives are five to seven years for furniture and fixtures, two to five years for software and three to ten years for computer servers and Internet and telecommunications equipment. Accumulated depreciation was $124.0 million and $108.8 million as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. The cost of installation of equipment is capitalized, as applicable. Amortization of assets recorded under capital leases is included in depreciation. Assets recorded under capital leases and leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of their useful lives or the term of the related lease.

 

Research and Development

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses primarily related to developing new services, features and enhancements to existing services that do not qualify for capitalization are expensed as incurred.

Software Development Costs

Software Development Costs

 

We capitalize certain costs incurred to develop software features used as part of our service offerings within "Property and Equipment, Net" on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We capitalized approximately $3.9 million and $4.0 million of these costs for the three months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and $7.6 million and $7.5 million of these costs for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively. We amortize these capitalized costs on a straight-line basis over the estimated life of the related software, not to exceed five years. Depreciation expense recorded for the developed software was $3.0 million and $2.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively, and was $5.8 million and $4.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

Goodwill

Goodwill

 

Goodwill is subject to a periodic impairment assessment by applying a fair value-based test using a two-step method. The first step is to identify potential goodwill impairment by comparing the estimated fair value of the reporting unit to their carrying amounts. The second step measures the amount of the impairment based upon a comparison of "implied fair value" of goodwill with its carrying amount. We adopted December 31 of a given calendar year as our valuation date and evaluated goodwill as of December 31, 2011, with no impairments identified. Based on our most recent calculations, the fair value of each of our reporting units substantially exceeded their respective carrying values. As of June 30, 2012, we are not aware of any events that would lead to an impairment; therefore, we do not believe that any of our reporting units are at risk of failing step one of the goodwill impairment test.

 

Cost Method Investments

Cost Method Investments

 

During June 2011, we invested approximately $1.0 million in a privately held conferencing company. The investment is accounted for under the cost method and is periodically assessed for other-than-temporary impairment using financial results, economic data and other quantitative and qualitative factors deemed applicable. In the event an other-than-temporary impairment occurs, an impairment loss equal to the difference between the cost basis and the fair value will be recognized. The cost of this investment is carried on our condensed consolidated balance sheet at June 30, 2012 as a component of "Other assets."

 

Revenue Recognition

Revenue Recognition

 

We recognize revenues when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, services have been rendered, the price to the buyer is fixed or determinable and collectability is reasonably assured. Revenues consist primarily of usage fees generally based on per minute and per transaction methods. To a lesser extent, we charge subscription-based and license fees and fixed-period minimum revenue commitments. Unbilled revenue consists of revenue that is earned but has not been billed, which results from non-calendar month billing cycles and the one-

month lag time in billing related to certain of our services. Deferred revenue consists of payments made by customers in advance of the time services are rendered. Incremental direct costs incurred related to deferred revenue are deferred over the life of the contract and are recorded in "Prepaid expenses and other current assets" in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

USF Charges

USF Charges

 

In accordance with Federal Communications Commission rules, we are required to contribute to the federal Universal Service Fund, or USF, for some of our solutions, which we recover from our applicable customers and remit to the Universal Service Administration Company. We present the USF charges that we collect and remit on a net basis, with charges to our customers netted against the amounts we remit.

Foreign Currency Translation

Foreign Currency Translation

 

The assets and liabilities of subsidiaries with a functional currency other than the U.S. Dollar are translated at rates of exchange existing at our condensed consolidated balance sheet dates. Revenues and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded in the "Accumulated other comprehensive income" component of shareholders' equity in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. In addition, intercompany loans with foreign subsidiaries are assessed periodically to determine if they will be paid in the foreseeable future. Loans that are not expected to be paid in the foreseeable future are considered permanently invested. Therefore, foreign currency exchange gains and losses related to these permanently invested balances are recorded in the "Accumulated other comprehensive income" component in shareholders' equity in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. Gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions, including intercompany transactions that are not related to the balances mentioned above, are included in "Other, net" in our condensed consolidated statements of operations as incurred.

Treasury Stock

Treasury Stock

 

All treasury stock transactions are recorded at cost, and all shares of treasury stock repurchased are retired. During the six months ended June 30, 2012, we repurchased 1,202,874 shares of our common stock for $10.3 million in the open market pursuant to our board-approved stock repurchase program. During the six months ended June 30, 2011, we repurchased 1,469,900 shares of our common stock for $11.1 million in the open market pursuant to our board-approved stock repurchase program.

 

During the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, we redeemed 155,985 and 145,078 shares, respectively, of our common stock to satisfy certain of our employees' tax withholdings due upon the vesting of their restricted stock grants and remitted $1.2 million and $1.1 million, respectively, to the Internal Revenue Service on our employees' behalf.

Preferred Stock

Preferred Stock

 

We have 5.0 million shares of authorized $0.01 par value preferred stock, none of which are issued or outstanding. Under the terms of our amended and restated articles of incorporation, our board of directors is empowered to issue preferred stock without shareholder action.

Restructuring Costs

Restructuring Costs

 

Restructuring reserves are based on certain estimates and judgments related to severance and exit costs, contractual obligations and related costs and are recorded as "Restructuring costs" in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. See Note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements for additional information and related disclosures regarding our restructuring costs.

Excise and Sales Tax

Excise and Sales Tax

 

Some of our solutions may be subject to telecommunications excise tax and sales taxes in states where we have not collected and remitted such taxes from our customers. During the six months ended June 30, 2012 and 2011, we did not make any significant payments related to the settlement of these state excise and sales tax contingencies.

 

We have reserves for certain state excise and sales tax contingencies based on the likelihood of obligation. These contingencies are included in "Accrued taxes, other than income taxes" in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. At June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had reserved $2.0 million and $1.7 million, respectively, for certain state excise and sales tax contingencies and interest. We believe we have appropriately accrued for these contingencies. In the event that actual results differ from these reserves, we may need to make adjustments, which could materially impact our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, states may disagree with our method of assessing and remitting such taxes, or additional states may subject us to inquiries regarding such taxes.

 

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

 

Income taxes are determined under the asset and liability method as required by ASC 740, "Income Taxes." Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized based upon the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary items are expected to be recovered or settled. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts more likely than not to be realized. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or increase this allowance in a period, an expense is recorded within the income tax provision in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Under current accounting principles, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on the income tax return must be recognized at the largest amount that is more likely than not to be sustained upon audit by the relevant taxing authority.

 

Income tax expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 was $2.7 million and $5.8 million, respectively, compared to $1.9 million and $3.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2011, respectively. The increase in income tax expense during the three and six months ended June 30, 2012 compared to the same periods in the prior year was primarily related to the increases in pre-tax net income.

 

As of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, we had $4.1 million and $3.4 million, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits. Upon resolution, unrecognized tax benefits of $2.7 million and $2.5 million as of June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively, would affect our annual effective tax rate. The unrecognized tax benefits are included in "Other assets," and "Accrued expenses" under "Long-Term Liabilities" in our condensed consolidated balance sheets. If the statutes of limitations expire on certain unrecognized tax benefits, as anticipated, the balance could change over the next 12 months.

 

Our valuation allowance at December 31, 2011 primarily relates to certain foreign and state net operating loss and capital loss carryforwards that, in the opinion of management, are more likely than not to expire unutilized. During the six months ended June 30, 2012, our valuation allowance increased by $0.3 million primarily as a result of current year tax losses in certain foreign jurisdictions that, in the opinion of management, are more likely than not to go unutilized.

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

 

Fair value is defined as an exit price representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability at the measurement date in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that should be determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. The fair value amounts for cash and equivalents, accounts receivable, net,


and accounts payable and accrued expenses approximate carrying amounts due to the short maturities of these instruments. The estimated fair value of our long-term debt and capital lease obligations at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011 were based on expected future payments discounted using current interest rates offered to us on debt of the same remaining maturity and characteristics, including credit quality, and did not vary materially from carrying value.

New and Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

New and Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

 

In June, 2011, Financial Accounting Standards Board, or the FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2011-05 "Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income," which modifies the requirements for presenting net income and other comprehensive income and requires that all non-owner changes in shareholders' equity be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The amendment requires presentation of each component of net income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income and a total amount for comprehensive income. In December 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-12 "Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05." These amendments are being made to allow the FASB time to redeliberate whether to present on the face of the financial statements the effects of reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income on the components of net income and other comprehensive income in all periods presented. This guidance is effective for public companies for fiscal years and interim periods beginning on or after December 15, 2011. We adopted the guidance as of December 31, 2011, and it did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

 

In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU No. 2012-02, "Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment," which allows a company the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform a quantitative impairment test. Under that option, a company would no longer be required to calculate the fair value of an indefinite-lived intangible asset unless the company determines, based on that qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is less than its carrying amount. This guidance is effective for annual and interim indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.