Fair Value of Financial Instruments

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2016

Cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities were each estimated to have a fair value approximating the carrying amount due to the short maturity of those instruments. Indebtedness under the revolving credit facility was estimated to have a fair value approximating the carrying amount since the interest rate is generally market sensitive.

Fair Value Measurements

We follow a framework for measuring fair value, which outlines a fair value hierarchy based on the quality of inputs used to measure fair value and enhances disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. Fair value is defined as the price at which an asset could be exchanged in a current transaction between knowledgeable, willing parties at the measurement date. Where available, fair value is based on observable market prices or parameters or derived from such prices or parameters. Where observable prices or inputs are not available, use of unobservable prices or inputs are used to estimate the current fair value, often using an internal valuation model. These valuation techniques involve some level of management estimation and judgment, the degree of which is dependent on the item being valued. We categorize our assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value.

Hierarchical levels directly related to the amount of subjectivity associated with the inputs to fair valuation of these assets and liabilities, are as follows:


Level 1 -	Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.


Level 2 -	Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level 1) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.


Level 3 -	Inputs reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.

The financial assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 were commodity derivatives and common stock warrants.

Common stock warrant liabilities are measured at fair value on a recurring basis until the underlying common stock warrants are exercised (see Note 3). We measure the fair value of the common stock warrant liabilities using the Black-Scholes method (Level 2 inputs). Inputs used to determine fair value under this method include our price volatility and expected remaining life.

The fair value of all commodity derivative contracts and common stock warrants are reflected on the consolidated balance sheets as detailed in the following schedule:



	December 31, 2016		December 31, 2015
Description	Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
	(In thousands)
Assets:
Fair value of commodity derivatives	$	—	$	—
Total assets	$	—	$	—
Liabilities:
Fair value of commodity derivatives	$	12,895	$	—
Fair value of common stock warrants	246,743		—
Total liabilities	$	259,638	$	—

Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments

We estimate the fair value of the 2019 Senior Notes using quoted market prices. The fair value of our Second Lien Term Loan as of December 31, 2016 is based upon our discounted cash flow model. Fair value is compared to the carrying value in the table below:



	Fair Value	December 31, 2016				December 31, 2015
	Hierarchy	Carrying		Estimated		Carrying		Estimated
Description	Level	Amount		Fair Value		Amount		Fair Value
		(In thousands)
7.75% Senior Notes, due 2019	1	$	495,451	$	505,650	$	592,410	$	462,750
Second Lien Term Loan, due March 2021	3	$	352,544	$	378,996	$	—	$	—

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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