Leases

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

10. Leases

The Company leases office space in North America, Europe, Asia, South America, Africa, and Australia. This space is primarily used for office and administrative purposes by the Company’s employees in performing professional services. These leases are classified as operating leases and expire between years 2023 through 2034. The Company’s finance leases are immaterial.

The Company’s leasing policies are established in accordance with ASC 842, and accordingly, the Company recognizes on the balance sheet at the time of lease commencement a right-of-use lease asset and a lease liability, initially measured at the present value of the lease payments. Right-of-use lease assets represent the Company’s right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. All right-of-use lease assets are reviewed for impairment. As the Company’s implicit rate in its leases is not readily determinable, in determining the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the commencement date. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability are comprised of non-cancellable lease payments, payments based upon an index or rate, payments for optional renewal periods where it is reasonably certain the renewal period will be exercised, and payments for early termination options unless it is reasonably certain the lease will not be terminated early.

Lease costs are recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations over the lease term on a straight-line basis. Leasehold improvements are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the term of the related lease or the estimated useful life of the asset.

Some of the Company’s leases contain variable lease payments, including payments based upon an index or rate. Variable lease payments based upon an index or rate are initially measured using the index or rate in effect at the lease commencement date and are included within the lease liabilities. Lease liabilities are not remeasured as a result of changes in the index or rate, rather changes in these types of payments are recognized in the period in which the obligation for those payments is incurred. In addition, some of our leases contain variable payments for utilities, insurance, real estate tax, repairs and maintenance, and other variable operating expenses. Such amounts are not included in the measurement of the lease liability and are recognized in the period when the facts and circumstances which the variable lease payments are based upon occur.

Some of the Company’s leases include options to extend or renew the leases through 2044. The renewal and extension options are not included in the lease term as the Company is not reasonably certain that it will exercise its option.

From time to time, the Company enters into sublease arrangements with unrelated third parties. These leases are classified as operating leases and expire between years 2023 through 2032. Sublease income is recognized over the lease term on a straight-line basis. Currently, the Company subleases office space in North America and Europe.

As of December 31, 2022, the Company has entered into two operating leases for which the commencement date has not yet occurred primarily because of the premises being prepared for occupancy by the landlord. Accordingly, these two leases represent an obligation of the Company that is not reflected within the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2022. The aggregate future liability related to these leases is approximately $3,266.

The discount rate used for leases accounted for under ASC 842 is the Company’s collateralized credit adjusted borrowing rate.

The following table presents lease costs and other quantitative information for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020:


	Year Ended December 31,
		2022		2021		2020
Lease Cost:
Operating lease cost		$	75,190	$	46,019	$	25,507
Variable lease cost		18,575		10,685		3,843
Sublease rental income		(14,446)		(7,367)		(3,777)
Total lease cost		$	79,319	$	49,337	$	25,573
Additional information:
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities for operating leases
Operating cash flows		$	91,300	$	53,360	$	20,942

Right-of-use lease assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities and other non-cash adjustments		$	27,761	$	373,179	$	2,952

As of December 31, 2022, the weighted average remaining lease term (in years) and weighted average discount rate were 6.4 and 4.5%, respectively.

Operating lease expense is included in office and general expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company’s lease expense for leases with a term of 12 months or less is immaterial.

In the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a charge of $2,582 to reduce the carrying value of three of its right-of-use lease assets and related leasehold improvements. These right-of-use lease assets related to agencies within the Integrated Agencies Network and the Brand Performance Network. As a result of subleasing or abandoning the space, the Company evaluated the facts and circumstances related to the use of the assets which indicated that they may not be recoverable. Using the sublease income to develop expected future cash flows, it was determined that the fair value of the assets were less than their carrying value. This impairment charge is included in Impairment and other losses within the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The following table presents minimum future rental payments under the Company’s leases at December 31, 2022 and their reconciliation to the corresponding lease liabilities:


	Maturity Analysis
2023	$	91,084
2024	77,438
2025	59,848
2026	44,589
2027	40,163
Thereafter	119,119
Total	432,241
Less: Present value discount	(61,843)
Lease liability	$	370,398