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Intangible Assets and Goodwill
 12 Months Ended
Nov. 30, 2019
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets and Goodwill Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets are comprised of the following significant classes (in thousands):
 
 
November 30, 2019
 
November 30, 2018
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Book
Value
 
Gross
Carrying
Amount
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net Book
Value
Purchased technology
$
135,186

 
$
(105,967
)
 
$
29,219

 
$
154,301

 
$
(110,959
)
 
$
43,342

Customer-related
134,042

 
(74,175
)
 
59,867

 
67,802

 
(56,589
)
 
11,213

Trademarks and trade names
24,740

 
(16,043
)
 
8,697

 
17,740

 
(13,376
)
 
4,364

Non-compete agreement
2,000

 
(391
)
 
1,609

 
—

 
—

 
—

Total
$
295,968

 
$
(196,576
)
 
$
99,392

 
$
239,843

 
$
(180,924
)
 
$
58,919



We amortize intangible assets assuming no expected residual value. Amortization expense related to these intangible assets was $48.1 million, $36.0 million and $33.1 million in fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively.

During the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2019, we evaluated the ongoing value of the intangible assets associated with the technology obtained in connection with the acquisitions of DataRPM and Kinvey. As a result of our decision to reduce our current and ongoing spending levels within our cognitive application product lines, which consist primarily of our DataRPM and Kinvey products, we determined that the intangible assets were fully impaired and incurred an impairment charge of $22.7 million (Note 4).

Future amortization expense for intangible assets as of November 30, 2019 is as follows (in thousands):
 
2020
$
23,235

2021
23,117

2022
22,136

2023
21,860

2024
9,044

Total
$
99,392



Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for fiscal years 2019 and 2018 are as follows (in thousands):

 
November 30, 2019
 
November 30, 2018
Balance, beginning of year
$
314,992

 
$
315,041

Additions
117,871

 
—

Translation adjustments
(39
)
 
(49
)
Balance, end of year
$
432,824

 
$
314,992



The addition to goodwill during fiscal year 2019 is related to the acquisition of Ipswitch in April 2019 (Note 7).

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment for fiscal year 2019 are as follows (in thousands):
 
November 30, 2018
 
Additions
 
Translation adjustments
 
November 30, 2019
OpenEdge
$
248,987

 
$
117,871

 
$
(39
)
 
$
366,819

Data Connectivity and Integration
19,040

 
—

 
 
 
19,040

Application Development and Deployment
46,965

 
—

 
 
 
46,965

Total goodwill
$
314,992

 
$
117,871

 
$
(39
)
 
$
432,824



We assess the impairment of goodwill on an annual basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable.

During fiscal year 2019, we tested goodwill for impairment for each of our reporting units as of October 31, 2019. Our reporting units each had fair values which significantly exceeded their carrying values as of the annual impairment date. We did not recognize any goodwill impairment charges during fiscal years 2019, 2018 or 2017.