Income Taxes

The components of income from continuing operations before income taxes are as follows (in thousands):



	Fiscal Year Ended
	November 30, 2013		November 30, 2012		November 30, 2011
U.S.	$	54,495	$	49,818	$	91,689
Foreign	8,288		18,167		16,504
Total	$	62,783	$	67,985	$	108,193

The provision for income taxes from continuing operations is comprised of the following (in thousands):



	Fiscal Year Ended
	November 30, 2013		November 30, 2012			November 30, 2011
Current:
Federal	$	7,639	$	11,171		$	22,139
State	1,583		1,270			2,175
Foreign	2,165		5,970			5,131
Total current	11,387		18,411			29,445
Deferred:
Federal	9,622		5,257			6,507
State	329		55			296
Foreign	1,668		(692		)	556
Total deferred	11,619		4,620			7,359
Total	$	23,006	$	23,031		$	36,804

A reconciliation of the U.S. Federal statutory rate to the effective tax rate from continuing operations is as follows:



	Fiscal Year Ended
	November 30, 2013		November 30, 2012		November 30, 2011
Tax at U.S. Federal statutory rate	35.0	%	35.0	%	35.0	%
Foreign rate differences	0.8		(1.0	)	0.9
State income taxes, net	2.1		0.9		1.6
Research credits	(1.5	)	—		(1.3	)
Domestic production activities deduction	(2.1	)	(2.2	)	(2.0	)
Tax-exempt interest	(0.2	)	(0.3	)	(0.2	)
Nondeductible stock-based compensation	2.3		3.0		1.5
Other	0.2		(1.5	)	(1.5	)
Total	36.6	%	33.9	%	34.0	%

The components of deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):



	November 30, 2013			November 30, 2012
Deferred tax assets:
Accounts receivable	$	739		$	768
Other current assets	779			786
Capitalized research costs	—			231
Accrued compensation	3,901			4,657
Accrued liabilities and other	7,302			10,527
Deferred revenue	—			129
Stock-based compensation	4,222			8,122
Depreciation and amortization	6,724			5,533
Tax credit and loss carryforwards	34,460			39,216
Gross deferred tax assets	58,127			69,969
Valuation allowance	(12,949		)	(14,316		)
Total deferred tax assets	45,178			55,653
Deferred tax liabilities:
Goodwill	(14,860		)	(13,819		)
Deferred revenue	(1,585		)	—
Total deferred tax liabilities	(16,445		)	(13,819		)
Total	$	28,733		$	41,834

The valuation allowance primarily applies to net operating loss carryforwards and unutilized tax credits in jurisdictions or under conditions where realization is not assured. The $1.4 million decrease in the valuation allowance during fiscal year 2013 primarily relates to the partial release of valuation allowances on foreign net operating losses, which will be utilized to offset certain gains on our dispositions that are reflected in our discontinued operations, partially offset by an increase related to the creation of net operating loss carryforwards. The short-term portion of deferred tax liabilities of $0.2 million is included in other current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheet at November 30, 2013.

At November 30, 2013, we have net operating loss carryforwards of $70.2 million expiring on various dates through 2032 and $13.3 million that may be carried forward indefinitely. At November 30, 2013, we have tax credit carryforwards of approximately $9.5 million expiring on various dates through 2031 and $1.0 million that may be carried forward indefinitely.

We have not provided for U.S. income taxes on the undistributed earnings of non-U.S. subsidiaries, as these earnings have been permanently reinvested. The cumulative undistributed foreign earnings were approximately $32.9 million at November 30, 2013. The estimated unrecognized deferred tax liability for temporary differences related to these earnings at November 30, 2013 is $0.8 million.

The calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions across our global operations. We recognize and record potential tax liabilities for anticipated tax audit issues in various tax jurisdictions based on our estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. We adjust these reserves in light of changing facts and circumstances; however, due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from our current estimate of the tax liabilities. If our estimate of tax liabilities proves to be less than the ultimate assessment, an additional charge to expense would result. If payment of these amounts ultimately proves to be less than the recorded amounts, the reversal of the liabilities would result in income tax benefits being recognized in the period when we determine the liabilities are no longer necessary.

A reconciliation of the balance of our unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in thousands):



	Fiscal Year Ended
	November 30, 2013			November 30, 2012			November 30, 2011
Balance, beginning of year	$	2,192		$	2,631		$	2,294
Tax positions related to current year	189			79			445
Settlements with tax authorities	(1,176		)	—			—
Tax positions acquired	—			—			—
Lapses due to expiration of the statute of limitations	(183		)	(518		)	(108		)
Balance, end of year	$	1,022		$	2,192		$	2,631

We recognize interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of our provision for income taxes. In fiscal years 2013 and 2012 there was no estimated interest and penalties recorded in the provision for income taxes. In fiscal year 2011 there was $0.1 million of estimated interest and penalties in the provision for income taxes. We have accrued $0.2 million and $0.3 million of estimated interest and penalties at November 30, 2013 and 2012, respectively. We do not expect any significant changes to the amount of unrecognized tax benefits in the next twelve months.

The Internal Revenue Service finalized its examination of our U.S. Federal income tax returns for fiscal years 2009 and 2010 during the second quarter of fiscal year 2013. In the first quarter of fiscal year 2013, we had effectively settled certain unrecognized tax benefits which had been reserved in previous periods, reducing our unrecognized tax benefits liability by $1.2 million.

Our Federal income tax returns have been examined or are closed by statute for all years prior to fiscal year 2011, and we are no longer subject to audit for those periods. State taxing authorities are currently examining our income tax returns for years through fiscal year 2007. Our state income tax returns have been examined or are closed by statute for all years prior to fiscal year 2005, and we are no longer subject to audit for those periods.

Tax authorities for certain non-U.S. jurisdictions are also examining returns affecting unrecognized tax benefits, none of which are material to our condensed consolidated balance sheets, cash flows or statements of income. With some exceptions, we are generally no longer subject to tax examinations in non-U.S. jurisdictions for years prior to fiscal year 2008.