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Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Dec. 31, 2022
Dec. 31, 2021
Dec. 31, 2020
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table
Pay Versus Performance Comparison
As discussed in our CD&A above, our CMDC has implemented executive compensation programs designed to link a substantial part of our NEOs compensation to financial, strategic, and market-based measures and align realizable compensation with stockholder returns. The following table sets forth additional compensation information for our NEOs, calculated in accordance with SEC regulations, for fiscal years 2023, 2022, 2021 and 2020.
Pay versus Performance Tabular Disclosure: The table below contains information about the relationship between compensation actually paid, as computed in accordance with SEC rules, to our CEO and
non-CEO
NEOs as a group, and our financial performance for the four years 2020 – 2023. The cumulative Total Stockholder Return depicts a hypothetical $100 investment in our common stock on December 31, 2019, and shows the value of that investment over time for each calendar year. A hypothetical $100 investment in the NASDAQ Biotech Index using the same methodology is shown for comparison.
The CMDC did not consider the pay versus performance disclosure below in making its pay decisions for any of the fiscal years shown. In addition, the average
non-CEO
NEO incumbents differ year to year and may comprise different roles with different individual and market-based considerations impacting compensation decisions. Comparing the summary compensation table total average and compensation actually paid average for the
non-CEO
NEOs year over year does not accurately depict changes in these values for the same individuals.
 
                     
 Fiscal
 Year
  
SCT Total
for CEO: C.
Viehbacher
(1)
  
SCT Total
for Former
CEO: M.
Vounatsos
(1)
  
Compensation
Actually
Paid to CEO
(2)
  
Compensation
Actually
Paid to
Former
CEO
(2)
  
Average
SCT Total
for Other
NEOs
(3)
  
Average
Compensation
Actually
Paid for Other
NEOs
(3)
  
Value of
$100 Initial
Fixed
Investment
Based on
TSR
(4)
  
Value of
$100 Initial
Fixed
Investment
Based on
NASDAQ
Biotech
Index
TSR
(4)
  
Net
Income
($M)
  
Company
Selected
Measure:
Revenue
(5)
   
 2023
  
$4,069,913
  
—
  
($4,498,193)
  
—
  
$6,258,401
  
$4,222,331
  
$87.21
  
$115.42
  
$1,161
  
$9,675M
   
 2022
  
$30,488,593
  
$26,625,221
  
$27,551,849
  
$5,898,711
  
$5,878,461
  
$4,969,529
  
$93.32
  
$111.27
  
$3,047
  
$10,326M
   
 2021
  
—
  
$17,689,665
  
—
  
$15,211,025
  
$5,761,560
  
$5,081,944
  
$80.85
  
$124.89
  
$1,556
  
$11,054M
   
 2020
  
—
  
$18,659,829
  
—
  
$8,578,367
  
$6,525,375
  
$4,363,668
  
$82.52
  
$125.69
  
$4,001
  
$13,952M
Notes to Pay Vs. Performance Table
 
(1)
The dollar amounts reported are the amounts of total compensation reported for our CEO, Mr. Viehbacher, and our former CEO, Mr. Vounatsos in the Summary Compensation Table for fiscal years 2023, 2022, 2021 and 2020. Mr. Vounatsos served as CEO for each of the full fiscal years 2021 and 2020, while Mr. Viehbacher and Mr. Vounatsos both served as CEO in fiscal year 2022.
(2)
The dollar amounts reported represent the amount of “compensation actually paid”, as computed in accordance with SEC rules. The dollar amounts do not reflect the actual amounts of compensation paid to our CEO and other NEOs during the applicable year, but also include (i) the
year-end
fair value of equity awards granted during the reported year and (ii) the change in fair value of equity awards that were unvested at the end of the prior year, measured through the date the awards vested or were forfeited, or through the end of the reported fiscal year.
(3)
For 2023, reflects compensation information for our NEOs, other than our CEO and former CEO, as described in the CD&A of this proxy statement. For 2023, reflects compensation information for Mr. McDonnell, Ms. Alexander, Ms. Murphy and Mr. Izzar, for 2022, reflects compensation information for Mr. McDonnell, Ms. Alexander, Dr. Gregory, Ms. Murphy and Mr. Guindo, our former EVP of Global Product Strategy and Commercialization. For 2021, reflects compensation information for Mr. McDonnell, Ms. Alexander, Mr. Guindo and Dr. Sandrock, our former EVP of R&D. For 2020, reflects compensation information for Mr. McDonnell, Ms. Alexander, Mr. Guindo, Dr. Sandrock and Mr. Capello, our former CFO.
(4)
Reflects cumulative total stockholder return of the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index (NBI) as of December 31, 2023. The NBI is the peer group used by BIIB for the purposes of item 201(e) of Regulation
S-K
under the Exchange Act in the Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2023.
(5)
Revenue was adjusted to neutralize the effects of foreign exchange rate fluctuations.
The following tables set forth the adjustments made during each year in the Pay versus Performance table to arrive at “compensation actually paid” to our Principal Executive Officer during each year.
 
                 
 Fiscal
 Year
  
Summary
Compensation
Table Total for
CEO
  
Summary
Compensation
Table Total for
former CEO
  
Reported
Value of
Equity
Awards for
CEO
(1)
  
Reported
Value of
Equity
Awards for
former CEO
(1)
  
Equity Award
Adjustments
for CEO
(2)
  
Equity Award
Adjustments
for former
CEO
(2)
  
Compensation
Actually Paid
to CEO
  
Compensation
Actually Paid
to former CEO
   
 2023
  
$4,069,913
  
—
  
—
  
—
  
($8,568,106)
  
—
  
($4,498,193)
  
—
   
 2022
  
$30,488,593
  
$26,625,221
  
$30,000,655
  
$15,389,732
  
$27,063,911
  
($5,336,778)
  
$27,551,849
  
$5,898,711
   
 2021
  
—
  
$17,689,665
  
—
  
$14,084,314
  
—
  
$11,605,674
  
—
  
$15,211,025
   
 2020
  
—
  
$18,659,829
  
—
  
$13,887,064
  
—
  
$3,805,602
  
—
  
$8,578,367
 
(1)
Represents the grant date fair value of equity awards to our CEO and former CEO, as reported in the “Stock Awards” and “Option Awards” columns in the Summary Compensation Table for each applicable year.
(2)
Represents the year-over-year change in the fair value of equity awards to our CEO and former CEO, as itemized in the table below. No awards vested in the year they were granted.
 
 
         
Fair Value of Equity Awards for CEO and former CEO
   
2023
   
2022
     
2021
   
2020
  
 
Mr. Viehbacher
 
   
 
Mr. Vounatsos
 
   
As of
year-end
for awards granted during the year		    —      $27,063,911        $1,996,870      $10,985,776    $8,893,002
   
Year-over-year increase or decrease of unvested awards granted in prior years    ($7,204,687)      —        ($6,247,880)      ($687,744)    ($3,618,885)
   
Increase or decrease from prior fiscal
year-end
for awards that vested during the year		    ($1,363,419)      —        ($1,085,768)      $1,307,643    ($1,468,515)
   
Total Equity Award Adjustments
   
($8,568,106)
   
 
$27,063,911
 
   
 
($5,336,778)
 
   
$11,605,674
   
$3,805,602
The following tables set forth the adjustments made during each year in the PVP table to arrive at “compensation actually paid” to our
non-CEO
NEOs during each year.
 
         
Fiscal Year
   
Average Summary
Compensation Table Total
for
Non-CEO
NEOs
   
Average Reported Value
of Equity Awards
for non-CEO
NEOs
(1)
   
Average Equity
Award Adjustments
for non-CEO NEOs
(2)
   
Average
Compensation
Actually Paid to
non-CEO NEOs
   
2023
   
$6,258,401
   
$4,503,143
   
$2,467,073
   
$4,222,331
   
2022
   
$5,878,461
   
$4,223,226
   
$3,314,294
   
$4,969,529
   
2021
   
$5,761,560
   
$4,105,942
   
$3,426,326
   
$5,081,944
   
2020
   
$6,525,375
   
$4,158,006
   
$1,996,299
   
$4,363,668
 
(1)
Represents the average of the grant date fair value of the equity awards to our named executive officers (other than our CEO and former CEO), as reported in the “Stock Awards” column in the SCT for each applicable year.
(2)
Represents the average of the year-over-year change in fair value of equity awards to our named executive officers (other than our CEO and former CEO), as itemized in the table below. No awards vested in the year they were granted.
 
         
Average Fair Value of Equity Awards for
non-CEO
NEOs
   
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
As of
year-end
for awards granted during the year
   
$3,523,016
   
$3,809,706
   
$3,295,987
   
$2,904,846
   
Year-over-year increase or decrease of unvested awards granted in prior years
   
($1,027,351)
   
($241,427)
   
($150,316)
   
($741,028)
   
Increase or decrease from prior fiscal
year-end
for awards that vested during the year
   
($28,591)
   
($253,985)
   
$280,656
   
($167,520)
   
Total Equity Award Adjustments
   
$2,467,073
   
$3,314,294
   
$3,426,326
   
$1,996,299
      
Company Selected Measure Name Revenue      
Named Executive Officers, Footnote For 2023, reflects compensation information for our NEOs, other than our CEO and former CEO, as described in the CD&A of this proxy statement. For 2023, reflects compensation information for Mr. McDonnell, Ms. Alexander, Ms. Murphy and Mr. Izzar, for 2022, reflects compensation information for Mr. McDonnell, Ms. Alexander, Dr. Gregory, Ms. Murphy and Mr. Guindo, our former EVP of Global Product Strategy and Commercialization. For 2021, reflects compensation information for Mr. McDonnell, Ms. Alexander, Mr. Guindo and Dr. Sandrock, our former EVP of R&D. For 2020, reflects compensation information for Mr. McDonnell, Ms. Alexander, Mr. Guindo, Dr. Sandrock and Mr. Capello, our former CFO.      
Peer Group Issuers, Footnote Reflects cumulative total stockholder return of the NASDAQ Biotechnology Index (NBI) as of December 31, 2023. The NBI is the peer group used by BIIB for the purposes of item 201(e) of Regulation
S-K
under the Exchange Act in the Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K
for the year ended December 31, 2023. 		     
Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote
The following tables set forth the adjustments made during each year in the Pay versus Performance table to arrive at “compensation actually paid” to our Principal Executive Officer during each year.
 
                 
 Fiscal
 Year
  
Summary
Compensation
Table Total for
CEO
  
Summary
Compensation
Table Total for
former CEO
  
Reported
Value of
Equity
Awards for
CEO
(1)
  
Reported
Value of
Equity
Awards for
former CEO
(1)
  
Equity Award
Adjustments
for CEO
(2)
  
Equity Award
Adjustments
for former
CEO
(2)
  
Compensation
Actually Paid
to CEO
  
Compensation
Actually Paid
to former CEO
   
 2023
  
$4,069,913
  
—
  
—
  
—
  
($8,568,106)
  
—
  
($4,498,193)
  
—
   
 2022
  
$30,488,593
  
$26,625,221
  
$30,000,655
  
$15,389,732
  
$27,063,911
  
($5,336,778)
  
$27,551,849
  
$5,898,711
   
 2021
  
—
  
$17,689,665
  
—
  
$14,084,314
  
—
  
$11,605,674
  
—
  
$15,211,025
   
 2020
  
—
  
$18,659,829
  
—
  
$13,887,064
  
—
  
$3,805,602
  
—
  
$8,578,367
 
(1)
Represents the grant date fair value of equity awards to our CEO and former CEO, as reported in the “Stock Awards” and “Option Awards” columns in the Summary Compensation Table for each applicable year.
(2)
Represents the year-over-year change in the fair value of equity awards to our CEO and former CEO, as itemized in the table below. No awards vested in the year they were granted.
 
 
         
Fair Value of Equity Awards for CEO and former CEO
   
2023
   
2022
     
2021
   
2020
  
 
Mr. Viehbacher
 
   
 
Mr. Vounatsos
 
   
As of
year-end
for awards granted during the year		    —      $27,063,911        $1,996,870      $10,985,776    $8,893,002
   
Year-over-year increase or decrease of unvested awards granted in prior years    ($7,204,687)      —        ($6,247,880)      ($687,744)    ($3,618,885)
   
Increase or decrease from prior fiscal
year-end
for awards that vested during the year		    ($1,363,419)      —        ($1,085,768)      $1,307,643    ($1,468,515)
   
Total Equity Award Adjustments
   
($8,568,106)
   
 
$27,063,911
 
   
 
($5,336,778)
 
   
$11,605,674
   
$3,805,602
      
Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount $ 6,258,401 $ 5,878,461 $ 5,761,560 $ 6,525,375
Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount $ 4,222,331 4,969,529 5,081,944 4,363,668
Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote
The following tables set forth the adjustments made during each year in the PVP table to arrive at “compensation actually paid” to our
non-CEO
NEOs during each year.
 
         
Fiscal Year
   
Average Summary
Compensation Table Total
for
Non-CEO
NEOs
   
Average Reported Value
of Equity Awards
for non-CEO
NEOs
(1)
   
Average Equity
Award Adjustments
for non-CEO NEOs
(2)
   
Average
Compensation
Actually Paid to
non-CEO NEOs
   
2023
   
$6,258,401
   
$4,503,143
   
$2,467,073
   
$4,222,331
   
2022
   
$5,878,461
   
$4,223,226
   
$3,314,294
   
$4,969,529
   
2021
   
$5,761,560
   
$4,105,942
   
$3,426,326
   
$5,081,944
   
2020
   
$6,525,375
   
$4,158,006
   
$1,996,299
   
$4,363,668
 
(1)
Represents the average of the grant date fair value of the equity awards to our named executive officers (other than our CEO and former CEO), as reported in the “Stock Awards” column in the SCT for each applicable year.
(2)
Represents the average of the year-over-year change in fair value of equity awards to our named executive officers (other than our CEO and former CEO), as itemized in the table below. No awards vested in the year they were granted.
 
         
Average Fair Value of Equity Awards for
non-CEO
NEOs
   
2023
   
2022
   
2021
   
2020
   
As of
year-end
for awards granted during the year
   
$3,523,016
   
$3,809,706
   
$3,295,987
   
$2,904,846
   
Year-over-year increase or decrease of unvested awards granted in prior years
   
($1,027,351)
   
($241,427)
   
($150,316)
   
($741,028)
   
Increase or decrease from prior fiscal
year-end
for awards that vested during the year
   
($28,591)
   
($253,985)
   
$280,656
   
($167,520)
   
Total Equity Award Adjustments
   
$2,467,073
   
$3,314,294
   
$3,426,326
   
$1,996,299
      
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return

     
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure

     
Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group

     
Tabular List, Table
Most Important Performance Measures
Revenue
Total Shareholder Return
Non-GAAP
Earnings Per Share
Pipeline Milestones
      
Total Shareholder Return Amount $ 87.21 93.32 80.85 82.52
Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount 115.42 111.27 124.89 125.69
Net Income (Loss) $ 1,161,000,000 $ 3,047,000,000 $ 1,556,000,000 $ 4,001,000,000
Company Selected Measure Amount 9,675,000,000 10,326,000,000 11,054,000,000 13,952,000,000
Measure:: 1        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Name Revenue      
Measure:: 2        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Name Total Shareholder Return      
Measure:: 3        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Compensation Actually Paid vs. Other Measure

     
Name Non-GAAP Earnings Per Share      
Measure:: 4        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Name Pipeline Milestones      
Mr.Viehbacher [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
PEO Total Compensation Amount $ 4,069,913 $ 30,488,593 $ 0 $ 0
PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount $ (4,498,193) 27,551,849 0 0
PEO Name Mr. Viehbacher      
Mr.Vounatsos [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
PEO Total Compensation Amount $ 0 26,625,221 17,689,665 18,659,829
PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount $ 0 5,898,711 15,211,025 8,578,367
PEO Name Mr. Vounatsos      
PEO | Mr.Viehbacher [Member] | Stock Awards And Option Awards [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount $ 0 30,000,655 0 0
PEO | Mr.Viehbacher [Member] | YearEnd For Awards Granted During The Year [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 0 27,063,911    
PEO | Mr.Viehbacher [Member] | YearOverYear Increase Or Decrease Of Unvested Awards Granted In Prior Years [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount (7,204,687) 0    
PEO | Mr.Viehbacher [Member] | Prior Fiscal YearEnd For Awards That Vested During The Year [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount (1,363,419) 0    
PEO | Mr.Viehbacher [Member] | Total Equity Award Adjustments [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount (8,568,106) 27,063,911    
PEO | Mr.Viehbacher [Member] | YearOverYear Change In Fair Value Of Equity Awards [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount (8,568,106) 27,063,911 0 0
PEO | Mr.Vounatsos [Member] | Stock Awards And Option Awards [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 0 15,389,732 14,084,314 13,887,064
PEO | Mr.Vounatsos [Member] | YearEnd For Awards Granted During The Year [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount   1,996,870 10,985,776 8,893,002
PEO | Mr.Vounatsos [Member] | YearOverYear Increase Or Decrease Of Unvested Awards Granted In Prior Years [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount   (6,247,880) (687,744) (3,618,885)
PEO | Mr.Vounatsos [Member] | Prior Fiscal YearEnd For Awards That Vested During The Year [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount   (1,085,768) 1,307,643 (1,468,515)
PEO | Mr.Vounatsos [Member] | Total Equity Award Adjustments [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount   (5,336,778) 11,605,674 3,805,602
PEO | Mr.Vounatsos [Member] | YearOverYear Change In Fair Value Of Equity Awards [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 0 (5,336,778) 11,605,674 3,805,602
Non-PEO NEO | Stock Awards And Option Awards [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 4,503,143 4,223,226 4,105,942 4,158,006
Non-PEO NEO | YearEnd For Awards Granted During The Year [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 3,523,016 3,809,706 3,295,987 2,904,846
Non-PEO NEO | YearOverYear Increase Or Decrease Of Unvested Awards Granted In Prior Years [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount (1,027,351) (241,427) (150,316) (741,028)
Non-PEO NEO | Prior Fiscal YearEnd For Awards That Vested During The Year [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount (28,591) (253,985) 280,656 (167,520)
Non-PEO NEO | Total Equity Award Adjustments [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount 2,467,073 3,314,294 3,426,326 1,996,299
Non-PEO NEO | YearOverYear Change In Fair Value Of Equity Awards [Member]        
Pay vs Performance Disclosure        
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount $ 2,467,073 $ 3,314,294 $ 3,426,326 $ 1,996,299