Revenue Recognition

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2011


4.	Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services have been rendered; our price to the customer is fixed or determinable; and collectibility is reasonably assured.

Product Revenues

Revenues from product sales are recognized when title and risk of loss have passed to the customer, which is typically upon delivery. However, sales of TYSABRI in the U.S. are recognized on the “sell-through” model, that is, upon shipment of the product by Elan Pharma International, Ltd. (Elan), an affiliate of Elan Corporation, plc., to its third party distributor rather than upon shipment to Elan. Product revenues are recorded net of applicable reserves for discounts and allowances.

Reserves for Discounts and Allowances

We establish reserves for trade term discounts, wholesaler incentives, Medicaid rebates, Veterans Administration (VA) and Public Health Service (PHS) discounts, managed care rebates, product returns and other governmental rebates or applicable allowances. Reserves established for these discounts and allowances are classified as reductions of accounts receivable (if the amount is payable to our direct customer) or a liability (if the amount is payable to a party other than our customer). In addition, we distribute no-charge product to qualifying patients under our patient assistance and patient replacement goods program. This program is administered through one of our distribution partners, which ships product to qualifying patients from its own inventory received from us. Gross revenue and the related reserves are not recorded on product shipped under this program and cost of sales is recorded when the product is shipped.

Product revenue reserves are categorized as follows: discounts, contractual adjustments and returns. An analysis of the amount of, and change in, reserves is summarized as follows:


				Contractual
(In millions)	Discounts			Adjustments			Returns			Total

Balance, as of December 31, 2010	$	13.9		$	107.0		$	21.1		$	142.0
Current provisions relating to sales in current year		47.2			174.6			6.8			228.6
Adjustments relating to prior years		—			(8.4	)		—			(8.4	)
Payments/returns relating to sales in current year		(33.3	)		(101.4	)		(0.3	)		(135.0	)
Payments/returns relating to sales in prior years		(13.0	)		(58.5	)		(4.9	)		(76.4	)

Balance, as of June 30, 2011	$	14.8		$	113.3		$	22.7		$	150.8

Our product revenue reserves are based on estimates of the amounts earned or to be claimed on the related sales. These estimates take into consideration our historical experience, current contractual and statutory requirements, specific known market events and trends and forecasted customer buying patterns. Actual amounts may ultimately differ from our estimates. If actual results vary, it will result in an adjustment to these estimates, which could have an effect on earnings in the period of adjustment.

During the six months ended June 30, 2011, we reduced our reserves for contractual adjustments by $8.4 million, which was primarily due to a revision of our previous estimates associated with the impact of healthcare reform.

The total reserves above, included in our condensed consolidated balance sheets, are summarized as follows:


	As of		As of
	June 30,		December 31,
(In millions)	2011		2010

Reduction of accounts receivable	$	38.4	$	36.7
Current liability		112.4		105.3

Total reserves	$	150.8	$	142.0

Revenues from Unconsolidated Joint Business

We collaborate with Genentech on the development and commercialization of RITUXAN. Revenues from unconsolidated joint business consist of (1) our share of pre-tax co-promotion profits in the U.S.; (2) reimbursement of our selling and development expense in the U.S.; and (3) revenue on sales of RITUXAN in the rest of world, which consists of our share of pretax co-promotion profits in Canada and royalty revenue on sales of RITUXAN outside the U.S. and Canada by F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. (Roche) and its sublicensees. Pre-tax co-promotion profits are calculated and paid to us by Genentech in the U.S. and by Roche in Canada. Pre-tax co-promotion profits consist of U.S. and Canadian sales of RITUXAN to third-party customers net of discounts and allowances less the cost to manufacture RITUXAN, third-party royalty expenses, distribution, selling and marketing, and development expenses incurred by Genentech, Roche and us. We record our share of the pretax co-promotion profits in Canada and royalty revenues on sales of RITUXAN outside the U.S. on a cash basis. Additionally, our share of the pretax co-promotion profits in the U.S. includes estimates supplied by Genentech.

Royalty Revenues

We receive royalty revenues on sales by our licensees of other products covered under patents that we own. We do not have future performance obligations under these license arrangements. We record these revenues based on estimates of the sales that occurred during the relevant period. The relevant period estimates of sales are based on interim data provided by licensees and analysis of historical royalties that have been paid to us, adjusted for any changes in facts and circumstances, as appropriate. We maintain regular communication with our licensees in order to assess the reasonableness of our estimates. Differences between actual royalty revenues and estimated royalty revenues are adjusted in the period in which they become known, typically the following quarter. Historically, adjustments have not been material when compared to actual amounts paid by licensees. If we are ever unable to accurately estimate revenue, then we record revenues on a cash basis.