Segment Information

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

Note 25: Segment Information

We operate and are managed as one operating segment, and derive revenue from activities related to the discovery, development and delivery of innovative therapies for people living with serious and complex diseases.

Our research and development organization is responsible for the research and discovery of new product candidates and supports development and registration efforts for potential future products. Our pharmaceutical, operations and technology organization manages the development of the manufacturing processes, clinical trial supply, commercial product supply, distribution, buildings and facilities. Our commercial organization is responsible for U.S. and international development of our commercial products. We are also supported by corporate staff functions.

Our CEO, as the CODM, manages and allocates resources to the operations of our company on a total company basis by assessing the overall level of resources available and how to best deploy these resources across functions, therapeutic areas and research and development projects that are in line with our long-term company-wide strategic goals. In making these decisions, our CEO uses consolidated financial information for purposes of evaluating performance, forecasting future period financial results, allocating resources and setting incentive targets. The

CODM performs this assessment based on the segment’s net income. Through this analysis, which includes a comparison to budgeted results, the CODM assesses performance and how to allocate resources across the functions discussed above. The measure of segment assets used in determining how to manage and allocate resources is reported within our consolidated balance sheets as total assets.

The tables presented below, which were prepared in accordance with the accounting policies discussed in Note 1, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, contain additional information on enterprise-wide disclosures about product revenue, other revenue and long-lived assets, as well as our segment’s revenue and profits, including significant segment expense and other segment items. Revenue is primarily attributed to individual countries based on location of the customer or licensee.

Geographic Information

The following tables contain certain financial information by geographic area:

	December 31, 2024
(In millions)	U.S.		Europe(1)		Germany		Asia		Other		Total
Product revenue from external customers	$	3,237.3	$	2,171.5	$	955.6	$	366.9	$	482.2	$	7,213.5
Revenue from anti-CD20 therapeutic programs	1,673.6		0.6		—		—		75.7		1,749.9
Contract manufacturing, royalty and other revenue	395.0		0.4		—		257.2		—		652.6
Long-lived assets	1,366.1		2,139.2		13.3		8.5		10.6		3,537.7
	December 31, 2023
(In millions)	U.S.		Europe(1)		Germany		Asia		Other		Total
Product revenue from external customers	$	3,141.4	$	2,127.4	$	868.0	$	649.4	$	460.5	$	7,246.7
Revenue from anti-CD20 therapeutic programs	1,618.5		0.4		—		—		70.7		1,689.6
Contract manufacturing, royalty and other revenue	673.6		11.7		—		214.0		—		899.3
Long-lived assets	1,443.0		2,248.0		17.5		8.3		12.9		3,729.7
	December 31, 2022
(In millions)	U.S.		Europe(1)		Germany		Asia		Other		Total
Product revenue from external customers	$	3,469.3	$	2,401.3	$	926.2	$	672.1	$	518.9	$	7,987.8
Revenue from anti-CD20 therapeutic programs	1,636.4		0.1		—		—		64.0		1,700.5
Contract manufacturing, royalty and other revenue	425.8		11.7		—		47.6		—		485.1
Long-lived assets	1,369.4		2,275.8		21.0		13.7		22.6		3,702.5

(1) Represents amounts related to Europe less those attributable to Germany.

Long-Lived Assets

As of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, approximately $2,056.2 million, $2,156.4 million and $2,198.5 million, respectively, of our long-lived assets were related to the construction of our large-scale biologics manufacturing facility in Solothurn, Switzerland.

For additional information on our Solothurn manufacturing facility, please read Note 11, Property, Plant and Equipment, to these consolidated financial statements.

Additional Segment Information

The following table includes additional information about reported segment revenue, significant segment expense and segment measure of profitability:

	For the Years Ended December 31,
(In millions)	2024		2023		2022
Total revenue	$	9,675.9	$	9,835.6	$	10,173.4
Less cost and expense:
Cost of sales, excluding amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets:
Product cost of sales	1,604.2		1,787.2		1,504.8
Royalty cost of sales	706.2		746.2		773.5
Research and development:
Milestone and upfront expense	61.5		16.6		76.2
Research and discovery	201.5		212.5		289.4
Early stage programs	286.6		361.0		289.9
Late stage programs	209.7		250.5		484.5
Marketed products	534.7		766.1		361.5
Other research and development costs(1)	747.8		855.3		729.6
Selling, general and administrative	2,403.7		2,549.7		2,403.6
Other segment expense(2)	1,287.8		1,129.4		213.5
Net Income attributable to Biogen Inc.	$	1,632.2	$	1,161.1	$	3,046.9

(1) Other research and development costs primarily consist of indirect costs incurred in support of overall research and development activities and non-specific programs, including activities that benefit multiple programs, such as management costs, as well as depreciation, information technology and facility-based expenses and are not allocated to a specific program or stage.

(2) Other segment expense includes: amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets; collaboration profit sharing/(loss reimbursement); (gain) loss on fair value remeasurement of contingent consideration; restructuring charges; gain on sale of priority review voucher, net; gain on sale of building, net; other (income) expense, net; income tax (benefit) expense; equity in (income) loss of investee, net of tax; and net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax.